Geography Exercise

(Ocean in trouble)
Total marks: 86 marks

Time allowed: 1 hour

Concept

Part A True or False (2@)

1.
2.
3.
4.

5.

The Indian Ocean is the largest ocean in the world.

Marine organisms cannot survive on the continental shelf in deep
waters.
Oceans supply moisture to the land and regulate the temperature of
coastal regions.
After the algae die, the bacteria decompose the dead algae and
release large amount of oxygen, thus increasing the oxygen content
of the sea.
Overfishing leads to the extinction of some species and lowers the
biodiversity.

Part B MC (2@)
1. Which of the following are the sources of marine pollution?
(1) Crude oil
(2) Solid waste
(3) Sewage
(4) Radioactive material
A.
B.
C.
D.

Which of the following is a producer of the marine ecosystem?

A. Shrimp
B. Phytoplankton
C. Small fish
D. Shark

3.

Which of the following is not formed by the decay of organisms?

A. Coal
B. Fuel wood
C. Oil
D. Natural gas

4.

What is the reason for the death of the marine

shown in the photo on the right?

5.

Use of Ocean

Overfishing

Sources of marine
pollution

(1) and (2) only

(1), (3) and (4) only
(2), (3) and (4) only
(1), (2), (3) and (4)

2.

A.
B.
C.
D.

Size of Ocean
Continental shelf

Marine ecosystem

Method of fishing

Typhoon
Nuclear accident
Blast fishing
Ghost fishing

Where is the largest fish centre in Europe?

A. East China Sea
B. South China Sea
C. North Sea
D. Caribbean Sea
P.1

Fish centre

6.

Which of the following minerals are provided by oceans?

(1) Copper
(2) Gold
(3) Salt
(4) Diamond
A.
B.
C.
D.

Resources of
oceans

(1) and (2) only

(1), (3) and (4) only
(2), (3) and (4) only
(1), (2), (3) and (4)

7.

Which of the following is not a consumer of the marine ecosystem?

Marine ecosystem

8.

Which of the following methods can maintain the number of

marine organisms?
(1) Set up fishing quotas
(2) Set up fishing ban periods
(3) Establish Marine Protected Areas
(4) Use fishing nets with small mesh

Methods to
maintain
sustainable
marine ecosystem

A.
B.
C.
D.

9.

(1) and (4) only

(1), (2) and (3) only
(2), (3) and (4) only
(1), (2), (3) and (4)

Why is there an increasing trend of global fish catch?

(1) Advanced fishing technology
(2) Increase in the number of fish in oceans
(3) Population growth
(4) Large holding capacity of vessels
A.
B.
C.
D.

(1) and (2) only

(1), (3) and (4) only
(2), (3) and (4) only
(1), (2), (3) and (4)

P.2

10. Which of the following are the renewable energy resources

provided by oceans?
(1) Coal
(2) Tidal power
(3) Oil
(4) Wind power
A.
B.
C.
D.

Renewable energy

(1) and (2) only

(1) and (3) only
(2) and (3) only
(2) and (4) only

Part C Fill in the blanks (2@)

1. Energy flow in the marine ecosystem begins with

(a)

energy.

Energy flow

2.

(b)
amount of

wind blows from ocean to the land, and brings large

(c)
to the coastal regions.

Characteristics of
coastal regions

3.

The feeding relationship between marine organisms in the marine

ecosystem is known as a
(d) .

Marine ecosystem

4.

(e) ocean currents raise the temperature of the regions they

pass by, while
(f) ocean currents lower the temperature of the
regions they pass by.

5.

As oceans are
(g)
up more slowly than the land, it has a
(h) temperature in summer.

6.

Most of the worlds goods are transported by

(i)
, as large
containers have a large holding capacity of goods and the cost is
(j) .

True or
False

MC

Fill in the blanks

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)

(h)

(i)

(j)

P.3

Ocean current

Relationship
between ocean
and temperature

10

Part D Data Based Questions

1. Study the information below and answer the questions.

Concept

(a) location of
oceans

(b) (i) marine

resources
(b) (ii)
importance of
oceans
(c) (i) Locations
of resources

Figure 1

(c) (ii) Reasons

of the locations
of resources
(c) (iii)
difficulties of
development of
resources

Photo X

a.
b.
c.

Photo Y

Name Oceans A-D in Figure 1.

(i) What are the marine resources shown in Photos X and Y?
(ii) Why are the resources important to humans?
(i) Match these resources with Locations I and II shown in
Figure 1.
(ii) Why are the resources found in these areas?
(iii) What difficulties may be encountered when developing
these resources? (2 marks)

P.4

(4 marks)
(2 marks)
(4 marks)
(2 marks)
(4 marks)

Concept

2.

Study the information below and answer the questions.

Producer
China
India
Vietnam
Indonesia
Bangladesh
Chile
Japan
USA
Table 1

a.
b.
c.
d.

2000
2008
(Thousand tonnes)
21 522
32 736
1 943
3 479
499
2 462
789
1 690
657
1 006
392
843
763
732
456
500

(a) aquaculture
(b) calculation
(c) drawing of
graph
(d) (i) reading
graph
(d) (ii) reasons of
the importance of
aquaculture

Aquaculture production of different countries

Source: FAO, 2010

What is the difference between aquaculture and traditional

fishing? (2 marks)
Calculate the percentage change in aquaculture production of
different countries. (4 marks)
Draw a bar chart to show the percentage changes.
(i) Based on the bar chart, which country had the greatest
increase in aquaculture production? (1 mark)
(ii) Why does aquaculture become more important to the
country? (2 marks)

P.5

(3 marks)

Part E Map Reading

Study the map below and answer the questions.

Concept

Map reading
skills:
(1) grid square
(2) w1hole circle
bearing
(3) (a,b) marine
problem

1.
2.
3.

In which grid square is the tanker terminal found?

In what direction is the radioactive waste site from City A
(whole circle bearing)?
a. What marine problem may this region face?
b. Explain your answer. (3 marks)

P.6

(1 mark)
(1 mark)
(1 mark)

Supplementary Answer Sheet

2b.
Producer

Percentage change (%)

China
India

79

Vietnam
Indonesia

114

Bangladesh
Chile

115

Japan
USA

10

2c.

Challenging Question:
What is the impact of overfishing? How can Hong Kong develop its marine resources in
a sustainable way?

P.7

Answers
1

Part A

True or false (Total 10 marks; 2 marks each)

Which Ocean is the largest ocean in the world?

1.
2.

The Indian Ocean is the largest ocean in the world.

Marine organisms cannot survive on the continental shelf in deep
waters.
Oceans supply moisture to the land and regulate the temperature of
coastal regions.
After the algae die, the bacteria decompose the dead algae and
release large amount of oxygen, thus increasing the oxygen content
of the sea.
Overfishing leads to the extinction of some species and lowers the
biodiversity.

3.
4.

5.

Part B
1
6

a
d
g
j

2
7

5
10

C
D

The Pacific Ocean

B
A

3
8

B
B

4
9

D
B

Fill in the blanks (Total 20 marks; 2 marks each)

solar
food chain
heated
cheaper

Part D

Multiple-choice (Total 20 marks; 2 marks each)

D
C

Part C

b
e
h

Onshore
Warm
lower

c
f
i

rainfall
cold
sea

Data-based questions (Total 30 marks)

a
b

A: Arctic Ocean B: Atlantic Ocean C: Indian Ocean D: Pacific Ocean

(i) X: Wind power Y: Seafood / Fish (Any 1)
(ii) Wind power is clean and renewable / can generate electricity for different
economic
activities (Or other reasonable answers)
Seafood is the main source of protein for one-sixth of the worlds population /
provides job opportunities
c
(i) Wind power: II Seafood: I
(ii) Location II is located in offshore area / the speed of winds is higher, thus is
suitable
for generating wind power
Location I is in a continental shelf / shallow waters (Any 1) / with high diversity
of marine organisms
(2)
(iii) Location II is far away from the continents / development transport costs are high
(Any 1)
Fish catch in Location I may reduce because of overfishing / Countries nearby
may compete for marine resources and cause conflicts (Any 1)
P.8

(4)
(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)

(1)
(1)

a
Aquaculture is the rearing of fish for sale as food / Traditional fishing is catch wild
fish from the oceans
b.
Producer
China
Vietnam
Bangladesh
Japan

(2)

Percentage change (%)

52
393
53
-4
(4)

c.

d.

Part E
1
2
3

(i) Vietanm
(ii) Aquaculture can produce fish all year round. / It becomes more important as the
population of wild fish has decreased.

(3)
(1)
(2)

Map reading (Total 6 marks)

1284 (1)
260 (+ 2)
a
Marine pollution
b
Factories / tanker terminal / dumping site of radioactive waste / oil drilling activities
(Any 2) are found near the coastal areas. / These human activates produce large
amounts of pollutant. If the pollutants are discharged into the sea without proper
treatment, marine pollution is resulted.

P.9

(1)
(1)

(3)