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of conservation of
Momentum, to demonstrate
elastic and inelastic
collision
Introduction
Momentum is a product of mass and
velocity, and is a vector quantity.
According to the law of conservation
which states that if there is no
external forces acting on the system,
the momentum is conserved at all time.
The most popular way to study the
conservation of momentum is through
the study of collision. There are two
kinds of collision; elastic collision,
where both momentum and kinetic
energy is conserved, and inelastic
collision, where only momentum is
conserved. However, external forces
such as
friction do act onto objects
in real life, meaning that the momentum
is not 100% conserved.
Also, macroscopic collision, or the
collision that could be seen by bare
eyes, are usually inelastic, meaning
that kinetic energy is converted to
other forms.
Materials
Inelastic
Elastic
Results:
Inelastic collision
Table 1 : Time, velocity, momentum, and percent difference for trial for inelastic collision
Time
taken
for
cart
#2 to
travel
20 cm
(s)
Initial
velocity
of cart
#2
(cm/s)
Initial
momentum of
the
system
Initial
kinetic
energy
(gcm/s )
(gcm/s)
Time
taken
for
the
system
to
travel
20 cm
Final
Velocity
of the
system
(cm/s)
Final
momentum of
the
system
Final
kinetic
energy
(gcm/s )
%diff
of the
momen
-tum
(gcm/s)
(s)
0.10
200
102700
10270000
0.20
100
102410
5120500
0.17
117.65
60413.28
3553810.90
0.35
57.14
58517.07
1671832.80
0.46
43.48
22326.98
485388.55
0.93
21.50
22018.15
236695.11
Avg
120.38
61813.42
4769733.15
59.55
60981.74
2343009.30
1.35%
Analysis
From the first data table, which contains
the time, velocity, momentum and kinetic energy
of the demonstration inelastic collision, it
could be observed that the magnitude of the
momentum doesnt have any drastic change.
However, it could be observed that the kinetic
energy of the system is not conserved
overtime. The percentage difference (%diff)
shown in the data table shows that some of
Results:
elastic collision
Table 1 : Time, velocity, momentum, and percent difference for trial for elastic collision
Time
taken
for
cart
#2 to
travel
20 cm
(s)
Initial
velocity
of cart
#2
00.87
22.99
11805.37
01.00
20
00.75
AvG
Time
taken
for
cart#1
to
travel
20 cm
(s)
Final
Velocity
of cart
#1
(cm/s)
Final momentum
of the
system
135702.67
00.91
21.98
10270
102700
01.03
26.6
13659.10
181666.03
23.20
11911.49
140022.90
(cm/s)
Initial
momentum of
the
system
Initial
kinetic
energy
(gcm/s )
(gcm/s)
Final
kinetic
energy
(gcm/s )
%diff
of
momentu
m
11222.99
123340.64
19.42
9915.85
96282.92
00.79
25.32
12928.39
163673.44
22.24
11355.74
127765.67
4.78%
(gcm/s)
Analysis
From the second data table, which shows
the time, velocity, momentum and kinetic
energy of the demonstration of elastic
collision, it could be observed that the
magnitude of momentum and kinetic
energy did not have a drastic difference
over the time interval. There are some of
the momentum that were lost and some
kinetic energy that were converted into
other kind of energy. The percentage
Conclusion
To conclude, the experiment demonstrates
elastic collision and inelastic collision, the
conservation of momentum, and how to apply the
content learned in class, such as the
calculations. The experiment shows that
momentum is conserved during both elastic
collision and inelastic collision as well as the
kinetic energy for elastic collision.
Reference
Giancoli, D. C. (1998). Physics: Principles with applications
(Global ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.