SOYABEAN

Biological source -Glycine max, Family- Leguminosae,

Geographical source-- Eastern Asia, probably in north and central China

Chemical constituent- Rich source of high quality Protein, Lipid, Carbohydrate, fats,
vitamin & mineral & some mineral Ca, Fe, Mn & K. Soya is very rare source of omega-3 fatty
acid. It also contains isoflavones such as Genistein & Daidzein.

Its principal component is beta-conglycinin, a sugar containing globulin .The fraction

also comprises enzymes (beta-amylase and lipoxygenase) and hemagglutinins .
Glycinin is the principal protein of soybeans.

Conglycinin and glycinin are storage proteins and they are found in the protein
bodies within the cells of the cotyledons.

Representative proximate composition

Seed part % of whole seed % (moisture-free basis)

weight Protein Lipid Carbohydrate Ash
Nx6.25 (incl.fibre)
Cotyledon 90 43 23 43 5.0
Hull 8 9 1 86 4.3
Hypocotyl 2 41 11 43 4.4
Whole seed 100 40 20 35 4.9

Amino acid composition of soybeans

I- ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS

Isoleucine 4.54

Leucine 7.78

Lysine 6.38

Methionine 1.26

Cystine 1.33
Meth.+Cyst. 2.59
Phenylalanine 4.94

Tyrosine 3.14
Ph.ala+Tyr. 8.08
Threonine 3.86

Tryptophan 1.28

Valine 4.80
II- NON-ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS
Arginine 7.23

Histidine 2.53

Alanine 4.26

Aspartic acid 11.70

Glutamic acid 18.70

Glycine 4.18

Proline 5.49

Serine 5.12

Fatty acid composition of soybean oil

FATTY ACID SYMBOL WEIGHT PERCENTAGE

Lauric 12:0 4.5
Myristic 14:0 4.5
Palmitic 16:0 11.6
Stearic 18:0 2.5
Oleic 18:1 21.1
Linoleic 18:2 52.4
Linolenic 18:3 7.1

EXTRACTION PROCEDURE
Solvent Extraction Process & Supercritical Extraction Process can be used

a- Extraction with water as in the production of soymilk.

b- Precipitation from water extracts as in the preparation of soy bean curd .
c- Fermentation processes as in the elaboration of soybean paste , soysauce ,
fermented soybean curd etc.
Production processes
There are three methods to produce soy protein concentrate.

* The aqueous alcohol wash process

* The acid wash process
* Heat denaturation/water wash process

Scheme for process technology

Below

Scheme for process technology

Dehulling of Soyabeans for high Quality finished Product
 Conventional Popping system
Soybeans 12-13% H2O

Washing & Cleaning

H2 O

Heat Energy Heat Energy

Drying & Cooling Conditioning
Fluidization
“Popping”
(Outside the Building)
system
Tempering beans
24-34h Warm
Impact
Cold Splitting
Crushing
2 passages Dehulling Husk
Fluid system Checking

Separation with sieve

Husk
+ air

Heat Energy

H2 O Conditioning Cracking 1 Husks

Passages

FLAKING
10.5-11% H2O 55-650C

EXTRACTION
PLANT

PRODUTION PROCESS OUTLINE FOR SOYABEAN

 WHITE FLAKES

EXTRACTION
WATER ALKALI

PULP SEPARATION EXTRACT

WASHING

SEPARATION
PRECIPITATION
ACID
RESIDUE

CRUD SEPARATION

WASHING

SEPARATION WHEY

ALKALI WASHED CRUD

NEUTRALISAT RESUSPENS WATER

ION ION

SPRAY
SPRAY DRYING
DRYING

PROTEINATE ISOELECTRIC ICP (Isolated Soybean Protein)