Structure of a Flower

1.Carpel:female
reproductive structure
a. Stigma: sticky tip; traps

pollen
b. Style: slender tube;
transports pollen from
stigma to ovary
c. Ovary: contains ovules;
ovary develops into fruit
d. Ovule: contains egg cell
which develops into a seed
when fertilized

Structure of a Flower
2.Stamen: male
reproductive structure
a. Filament: thin stalk;

supports anther
b. Anther: knob-like
structure; produces
pollen
c. Pollen: contains
microscopic cells that
become sperm cells

Structure of a Flower
3.Sepals: encloses &

protects flower before it

blooms

4.Petals: usually colorful &

scented; attracts
pollinators

5.Receptacle: the above

flower structures are

attached to the expanded
end of the flower stalk
called the receptacle

Insect Pollinated Flowers

Feature

Reason

large, brightly coloured petals

to attract insects

often sweetly scented

to attract insects

usually contain nectar

to attract insects

moderate quantity of pollen

less wastage than with wind

pollination

pollen often sticky or spiky

to stick to insects

anthers firm and inside flower

to brush against insects

stigma inside the flower

so that the insect brushes against

it

stigma has sticky coating

pollen sticks to it

Wind Pollinated Flowers

Feature

Reason

small petals, often brown or dull

green

no need to attract insects

no scent

no need to attract insects

no nectar

no need to attract insects

pollen produced in great

quantities

because most does not reach

another flower

pollen very light and smooth

so it can be blown in the wind

anthers loosely attached and

dangle out

to release pollen into the

wind

stigma hangs outside the flower

to catch the drifting pollen

stigma feathery or net like

to catch the drifting pollen

Wind-pollinated flower

Pollination
Self-pollination

Pollen from
the anther is
transferred to
the stigma

Cross Pollination

Pollen from the anther of one plant is

transferred to the the stigma of a different

plant


When a pollen grain lands on the stigma, it

germinates and a pollen tube grows down

through the style to an ovule (egg)

Fertilization

The pollen grain absorbs liquid from the stigma and a

microscopic pollen tube grows out. Te tube grows down

the style and into the ovary where it enters a small
hole, the micropyle. The nucleus travels through the
pollen tube to the ovule. The male nucleus & egg fuse
forming the zygote (fertilized egg) this grows into
the plant embryo (cells grow by mitosis)


The ovary and zygote (fertilized ovule) develop

and ripen.

The ovule forms the seed and the ovary forms
the fruit.

A fruit is a ripened ovary

Fruit formation

Tomato
flower

After fertilisation

Tomato
fruit

Seed dispersal