Site Preparation and Earthwork Specification for Halmahera Timur Project

SPECIFICATION FOR
SITE PREPARATION AND EARTHWORK

Document No.
Rev. : A
Sheet No.
1 of 31
EAST HALMAHERA FERRONICKEL

DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (P3FH)
XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX
rev. 0
COMPANY
: PT ANEKA TAMBANG (Persero) Tbk.
CONTRACTOR
: WIKA-KHI CONSORTIUM
PROJECT TITLE
: EAST HALMAHERA FERRONICKEL

LOCATION
: EAST HALMAHERA - NORTH MALUKU
CONTRACT NO.
Rev. 0
A
REV.
03-10-16
DATE
Issued For Review
TFK
DW
GTT
PRE
CHK
APP
CHK
APP
DESCRIPTION
WIKA-KHI
PT. ANTAM
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.
XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX

Rev. : A
Sheet No.
2 of 31
REVISION SHEET
No
Rev
Page
Subject
Description of Change
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.
XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX

font use arial 10
Rev. : A
Sheet No.
3 of 31
???
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. GENERAL ..................................................................................................................... 5
2. SCOPE ............................................................. ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
2.1. Intent ................................................................................................................................... 6
2.2. Units .................................................................................................................................... 6
2.3. Language ............................................................................................................................ 6
2.4. Codes and Standards ......................................................................................................... 6
2.5. Conflict ................................................................................................................................ 7
3. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ...................................................................................... 8

3.1. Survey ................................................................................................................................. 8
3.2. Water and Storm Water Drainage ...................................................................................... 8
3.3. Dust Suppression................................................................................................................ 8
3.4. Access Roads ..................................................................................................................... 9
4. CLEARING ................................................................................................................... 9
4.1. General ............................................................................................................................... 9
4.2. Extent .................................................................................................................................. 9
4.3 Cleared Material Disposal.................................................................................................... 9
5. GRADING AND RESTORATION............................................................................... 10

5.1. Grading ............................................................................................................................. 10
5.2. Restoration ........................................................................................................................ 10
6. EXCAVATION............................................................................................................. 11
6.1. Definitions ......................................................................................................................... 11
6.2. General Excavation........................................................................................................... 12
6.3. Confined Excavation ......................................................................................................... 12
6.4. Trench Dimensions ........................................................................................................... 13
6.5. Blasting ............................................................................................................................. 16
7. EMBANKMENT CONSTRUCTION............................................................................ 17
7.1. Borrow ............................................................................................................................... 17
7.2. Embankment/Fill ............................................................................................................... 19
8. BACKFILL .................................................................................................................. 24
8.1. General ............................................................................................................................. 24
8.2. Sand Backfill Material ....................................................................................................... 25
8.3. Excavated Material ........................................................................................................... 25
8.4. Backfill Placement............................................................................................................. 25
8.5. Trench Backfill .................................................................................................................. 25
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.
XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX

Rev. : A
Sheet No.
4 of 31
9. COMPACTION............................................................................................................ 26
9.1. General ............................................................................................................................. 26
9.2 Inspection ........................................................................................................................... 26
9.3. Sub-Grade Compaction .................................................................................................... 26
9.4. Fill / Backfill Compaction ................................................................................................... 27
9.5. Proof Compaction ............................................................................................................. 28
9.6. Compaction Testing and Inspection ................................................................................. 29
10. TOLERANCES ........................................................................................................... 31

10.1. Levels and Grades .......................................................................................................... 31
10.2. Surface Shape ................................................................................................................ 31
10.3. Battery Shape ................................................................................................................. 31
10.4. Widths and Alignments ................................................................................................... 31
line spacing use 1.5

lines
for all
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.

XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX
1.
Rev. : A
Sheet No.
5 of 31
GENERAL
This Specification covers the minimum technical requirements for the Site
Preparation and Earthworks of the East Halmahera Ferronickel Development Project
(P3FH)
Halmahera Timur,
Maluku Utara
2.
SCOPE
This specification covers the minimum technical requirements for the earthworks
involved in the Site Preparation, Road Construction, Bund Wall Construction, Piling
and Building Works, Vessel/Equipment/Pipe-rack Foundations, Drainage and
Sewerage Works, Under Ground Services, etc.
The work shall include all the operations associated with and the provision of all the
machinery and equipment necessary for :
a.
Clearing
b.
Grubbing
c.
Topsoil stripping
d.
Topsoil stockpiling and re-spreading
e.
Disposal of surplus material
f.
Setting out
g.
Bulk excavation
h.
Open drain construction
i.
Excavation for footings, foundations and slabs
j.
Trench excavation for services
k.
Dewatering
l.
Backfilling
m. Compacting
n.
Testing
o.
Ground Improvements
p.
Site grading
q.
Site restoration
r.
Levee construction
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.
XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX

Rev. : A
Sheet No.
6 of 31
2.1. INTENT
All work shall be carried out in compliance with this Specification and the Acts,
Codes, Standards and Specifications listed unless otherwise stated.
2.2. UNITS
The International System of Units (S.I.) shall be used.

2.3. LANGUAGE
All documentation and correspondence shall be in English.

2.4. CODES AND STANDARDS
SNI-03-1727-2013
SNI-03-1726-2012
The requirements of the latest editions of the following Codes and Standards
shall be complied with :
Indonesian
ASCE 7-10
American Society of Civil Engineers - Minimum Design

Loads for Buildings and Other Structures.
ASCE 12-92
American Society of Civil Engineers Design of Sub

Surface Drainage.
AASHTO T147
Standard specification for materials for aggregate and

soil aggregate sub base, base and surface courses.
ASTM C76
Standard specification for reinforced concrete pipe

storm drains and sewer pipes.
ASTM C131
Standard test methods for resistance to degradation of

small-size coarse aggregates by abrasion and impact in
the Los Angeles machine.
ASTM C443
Standard specification for joints for circular concrete

sewer and culvert pipe using rubber gaskets.
ASTM C789M
Standard specification for precast reinforced concrete

box sections for culverts, storm drains and sewers.
ASTM C850M
Standard specification for precast reinforced concrete

box sections for culverts, storm drains and sewers less
than 0.6 meters of cover subjected to highway loadings.
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.
XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX

Rev. : A
Sheet No.
7 of 31
ASTM D1117
Test methods of testing non-woven fabrics.
ASTM D1556
Standard method of test for density of soil in place by the

same cone method.
ASTM D1557
Test method for laboratory compaction characteristics of

soil using modified effort (2700kN/m3).
ASTM D2844
Standard method of test for resistance R-value and

expansion pressure of compacted soils.
ASTM D2922
Standard method of test for sensitivity of soil and soil

aggregate in place by nuclear methods (shallow depth).
ASTM D3776
Test methods for mass per unit area (weight) of fabric.
ASTM D5034
Test method for breaking strength and elongation of

textile fabrics (Grab Test).
ASTM D5035
Test method for breaking strength and elongation of

textile fabrics (Strip Method).
2.5. CONFLICT
Where equal but conflicting requirements are specified these shall be brought
the attention of the Company in writing.
The order of precedence shall be :
a.
Statutory Codes and Regulations
b.
Data Sheets and Requisition
c.
This Specification
d.
National Standards and Codes
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.
XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX
3.

Rev. : A
Sheet No.
8 of 31
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
3.1. SURVEY
3.1.1 General
All survey work shall be done to the lines, levels and accuracy as
specified.
3.1.2 Survey Monuments and Bench Marks
All existing and new permanent survey monuments and benchmarks
shall be protected and preserved. A Land Surveyor at no extra cost
shall replace any damaged or destroyed survey marker.
3.1.3 Existing Services
All above and below ground services within the scope of the works shall
be located, documented and protected from damage or interference.
3.2. WATER AND STORM WATER DRAINAGE
3.2.1 Surface Water Drainage

Drains and diversions shall be provided to ensure that there is sufficient
drainage to prevent water from entering the works, causing erosion,
pending or impeding the construction process.
Embankments and excavations shall be kept graded and drained
throughout the construction period.
3.2.2 Subsurface Water Drainage
All excavations shall be de-watered continuously in all situations until all
construction work is complete or until there is sufficient compacted
backfill in place to prevent flotation of pipes or structures. The
dewatering process shall not damage any adjacent land, services or
structures in any manner.
3.3. DUST SUPPRESSION
All necessary procedures shall be followed to ensure that dust generated by

construction and traffic operations do not create environmental or health
problems on site or to surrounding properties.
All dust suppression measures shall be in accordance with the applicable
Indonesian Local Governmental regulations.
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.
XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX

Rev. : A
Sheet No.
9 of 31
3.4. ACCESS ROADS
All access roads necessary shall be properly maintained and dust suppression
procedures followed. All such works shall be rehabilitated prior to completion
of Contract.
4.
CLEARING
4.1. GENERAL
Clearing shall consist of the removal of everything on or above the ground

surface, including trees, scrub, stumps, organic matter and debris, boulders
and rubbish unless otherwise specified (e.g., preservation of designated trees).
All stumps and roots greater than 200mm in circumference and 600mm in
depth, and all other organic material, deleterious material and boulders shall
be grubbed out to a depth of 300mm below the natural or finished sub-grade
surface whichever is deeper.
All organic material under buildings and structures shall be removed to 600mm
below the underside of footings/foundations or the natural surface level
whichever is deeper.
4.2. EXTENT
The width of clearing and grubbing shall extend 2 meters beyond the edge of
the earthworks on all sides or to the property boundary; whichever is less,
unless otherwise shown on the drawings.
No clearing shall take place outside designated areas unless written approval
is obtained.
4.3 CLEARED MATERIAL DISPOSAL
Where approved by the Company and Indonesian Regulatory Authorities,

organic materials may be disposed by controlled burning in approved areas.
All laws, regulations and ordinances relating to controlled burns shall be
followed :
a. Fires shall be attended to at all times until they are completely out.
b. All material not consumed by the fire shall be cleared and removed off site.
c. All boulders larger than 0.06 m3 in volume shall be considered to be
spoiled.
d. All spoil shall be removed to a recognized disposal area and such removal
shall comply with all regulations relating to the disposal of said material.
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.
XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX
5.

Rev. : A
Sheet No.
10 of 31
GRADING AND RESTORATION

5.1. GRADING
5.1.1 General
Wherever cut or fill operations are carried out and in other areas that will
be affected by the works, the top 500 mm of topsoil shall be stripped
and stockpiled as directed as close as practicable to the areas where
re-spreading is to take place.
The stripping of topsoil shall include for loading and unloading,
transporting, stockpiling and all other associated operations.
5.1.2 Stockpiles
The stockpiled topsoil shall not exceed 2.0 m in height. The stockpiles
shall be graded and shaped to provide adequate drainage and erosion
protection against water runoff and wind action. The surrounding
ground shall be graded to divert surface water away from the stockpiles.
Traffic shall not be allowed on the stockpiles.
5.1.3 Topsoil Re-Spread
Topsoil re-spread shall not take place until drainage, bulk earthworks,
concrete and road works have been completed in the general area. The
topsoil shall be re-spread and graded evenly to a depth of not less than
200mm. It shall be compacted with 2 passes of a smooth drum vibrating
roller so that the final surface is smooth and to design levels and ready
for landscaping and planting.
Areas trafficked (tracks, roads, etc.) during the construction phase shall
be grader scarified to a depth of 100mm at 400mm centers (maximum)
prior to topsoil re-spread. Ripping shall follow the contours of the
surrounding topography.
Topsoil shall be used to protect all fill batters as shown on the Drawings
or as directed.
5.2. RESTORATION
5.2.1 Surplus Material

All surplus or unsuitable material remaining from earthwork operations
shall be removed from site and carting and spreading in approved spoil
areas, except material considered unsuitable for spoil areas, which shall
be disposed in approved tip areas.
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.
XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX

Rev. : A
Sheet No.
11 of 31
After spreading surplus material in spoil areas, the material shall be

graded evenly to ensure effective storm water drainage.
5.2.2 Making Good
All structures, pavement, etc., damaged in any manner during the
course of the Works shall be restored to its original state or better.
Topsoil shall be taken from stockpiles and re-spread in accordance with
this Specification.
6.
EXCAVATION
6.1. DEFINITIONS
6.1.1 Rock Excavation

Rock excavation shall be defined as:
a. for unconfined excavation, rock shall be material which cannot be
broken at a rate greater than 80 cubic meters per hour using a dozer
(Cat D9L or equivalent) with an approved heavy duty matching single
tyre ripper, or which cannot be removed until broken up by blasting
or with pneumatic equipment;
b. for confined (trenches, pits, etc.) excavation, rock shall be material
which cannot be excavated at a rate greater than 20 cubic metres per
hour with a hydraulic tracked excavator (Cat 225 or equivalent) with
a 600mm wide rock bucket in good condition when operated by
qualified experienced personnel in accordance with the
manufacturers recommendations.
6.1.2 Common Excavation (Other Than Rock-OTR)
Common excavation shall be defined as all material in excavation other
than that defined as rock. All excavation shall be classified as Common
Excavation unless notification is given in each case that it should be
classified as Rock Excavation and is subsequently approved.
up the spacing
6.1.3 Unsuitable Material
Materials classified as unsuitable for use in the works shall include
organic soils and other material that is not capable of being compacted
in accordance with the Specifications.
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.
XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX

Rev. : A
Sheet No.
12 of 31
Unsuitable material shall be removed and transported to authorized

spoil areas.
6.1.4 Excavated Material Fill
Excavated material shall be used in the site earthworks where
practicable, providing it complies with the appropriate section of the
specification. Written approval from the Company shall be required to
use such material.
Fill material required in excess to that available from required
excavations may be acquired from approved borrow areas; such as
borrow pits, stockpiles, etc.
6.2. GENERAL EXCAVATION
a. Excavation shall be carried out in all the types of material encountered to

the profiles, grades and levels as shown on the Drawings or as directed.
b. Over excavation shall be filled to the design levels and dimensions with the
appropriate approved material and compacted as specified at no extra cost.
c. Allowance shall be made for compaction or settlement.
d. High priority shall be given to the carrying out of all excavation safely in
regard to workmen and the public. All necessary precautions and
procedures shall be carried out to ensure the prevention of damage to any
structures, or services which are adjacent to the works.
e. All work shall comply with the appropriate standards and government rules
and regulations.
6.3. CONFINED EXCAVATION
6.3.1 General
In addition to unconfined excavation requirements, all confined
excavation shall be executed accurately to suit pipe or structure
alignments, grades and levels as specified or as shown on the
Drawings. Excavation may be carried out by manually or mechanical
methods as appropriate by personnel experienced in the work.
6.3.2 Extent of Excavations
The minimum safe working distances shall be provided between
excavations and all necessary construction plant and facilities including
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.
XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX

Rev. : A
Sheet No.
13 of 31
that required for shuttering, de-watering, testing and inspecting of the

works.
If unsuitable material is encountered at the design depths, immediate
notification shall be given. No material shall be placed on the exposed
sub-grade without prior approval.
Over-excavation shall be backfilled with concrete to the specified level
at no extra cost, if so directed.
6.3.3 Open Excavation Maintenance
All open excavations shall be maintained free of water, debris, and loose
material until concrete has set and all other necessary work within
excavations have been finalized.
The sides of all excavations shall be supported as necessary to ensure
a safe working environment. All excavation support procedures,
equipment and material shall be in accordance with the latest safety
requirements of the appropriate Indonesian Regulatory Authorities.
All temporary supports shall be removed progressively as backfilling
proceeds unless otherwise specified or directed.
If so directed, engineering calculations shall be submitted to show that
the support systems proposed or constructed are sufficient for their
purpose.
Direction may be given requiring additional shoring to be installed at no
extra cost, if it is judged that insufficient support has been provided. The
responsibility for the sufficiency of the shoring remains unchanged,
whatever directions are issued.
6.4. TRENCH DIMENSIONS
Length
Pipe trench excavation shall be done in segments. The segment length shall
be worked out such that the other works are not interrupted due to trench
excavation. Next segment shall be excavated after the previous segment is
backfilled.
Width
Trenches shall be kept to the minimum widths consistent with the laying and
bedding of the relevant service, the construction of associated manholes, inlets
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.
XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX

Rev. : A
Sheet No.
14 of 31
and appurtenances and in compliance with the regulatory authority

requirements.
Saw cuts shall be made the appropriate width prior to excavation
commencement when crossing existing bitumen or concrete surfaces. Surface
reinstatement shall match and be to the same or better standard as the
existing.
Depth
Trench depth shall be in accordance with the relevant service and associated
bedding requirements and with the levels and dimensions as shown on the
Drawings. Appropriate hand shaping and trimming in trench bottoms shall be
done to cater for rock and over-excavation conditions in order to provide
uniform bearing for pipe collars and barrels, and associated appurtenances.
When excavating in rock, trenches shall be excavated an additional 150 mm
to allow for the placement of bedding. The bedding material shall be selected
material composed of either clean durable medium to coarse graded sand free
of organic matter or well-graded crushed aggregate.
Excavation in rock for footings and slabs shall extend to the underside of the
concrete structure as a minimum. The excavation shall be cleaned of all loose
rock and other unsuitable material prior to placement of concrete. Any overexcavation shall be made good with the same quality concrete as that required
for the footing or slab.
Cover for Services
The following table sets out the minimum cover allowed for services unless
otherwise noted or shown on the Drawings.
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.
XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX
Rev. : A
Sheet No.
15 of 31

TABLE 6.1 MINIMUM COVER

SERVICE
MIN. COVER
(MM)
DEPTH OF SELECT
MATERIAL OVER TOP OF
SERVICE LEVEL W/PIPE
OBVERT
OILY/CONTAMINATED WATER
LINES
Plot Areas
600
Under Roads
1200
SEWER AND RISING MAINS

Not Subject to Vehicular Loading
300
600
Subject to Vehicular Loading:

Not in Roadway
750
In Sealed Roadway
900
In Unsealed Roadway
1000
Area Subject to Construction

Equipment Loadings
1000
WATER LINES Only
150
Trafficable Area:
(cover below G.L. or design G.L.)
600
Industrial Area
900
Service Line (< or = 25mm dia)
450
TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND
ELECTRICAL / INSTRUMENT
CABLES AND/OR CONDUITS
75
HV Cable
800
LV Cable
500
Conduits
500
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.
XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX

SERVICE
MIN. COVER
(MM)
Control Cable
500
Telecommunications Cable
500
Instrument Cables
500
Rev. : A
Sheet No.
16 of 31
DEPTH OF SELECT
MATERIAL OVER TOP OF
SERVICE LEVEL W/PIPE
OBVERT
6.5. BLASTING
6.5.1 General
Written approval is required for any blasting. If approved, blasting shall
comply with the requirements of all Statutory Authorities governing the
transport, storage and use of explosives. Where blasting is not
approved, rock shall be removed by other means.
6.5.2 Blasting Applications
Written applications for the use of explosives shall be submitted a
minimum of seven days prior to bringing explosives onto the site. The
following details shall be supplied with the application :
a. Equipment, materials and procedures to be used
b. Location of proposed magazines and maximum amount and types of
explosives to be stored
c. Current copies of required relevant Authorities permits and licenses.
6.5.3 Daily Firing Permits
Daily firing permits shall be submitted at least 24 hours prior to blasting
taking place.
The following information shall be included in the daily applications:
a. The size, type and location of charges
b. Protection methods
c. Method of firing
d. Requested firing time
e. Warning signals details.
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.
XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX

Rev. : A
Sheet No.
17 of 31
6.5.4 Licensed Shot Firer

All blasting shall be carried out by or under the immediate supervision
of a person holding a current Shot Firers Permit issued by the
appropriate Indonesian Regulatory Authorities.
6.5.5 Misfire
Notification of the location and precautions taken of a misfire shall be
given and the area made safe immediately.
6.5.6 Unused Explosives
Immediately after the charge has been placed, all unused explosives
shall be returned to the explosives magazine.
7.
EMBANKMENT CONSTRUCTION
7.1. BORROW
7.1.1 General
Borrow areas shall be established at the locations shown on the
Drawings, as directed or as approved. Documentation of all necessary
statutory approvals for borrow areas shall be provided.
All charges, royalties and expenses involved in developing, processing
and transporting the material in these areas including access road
construction shall be provided at no extra cost.
7.1.2 Borrow Area Development And Restoration Plan
Where the borrow areas are subject to approval, a plan shall be
submitted covering location, access, clearing and stockpiling of
vegetation and topsoil aspects which will provide for efficient
development and effective rehabilitation of the site. Approval is required
prior to commencement of development.
Location and Access
Placement of borrow areas shall be out of site behind screens of
vegetation or terrain where practicable. If this not possible, a 150
meters wide buffer zone shall be provided between the borrow area and
roads and/or the construction site. A single access track shall be
provided for each borrows area in order to minimize additional
restoration work.
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.

XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX
Rev. : A
Sheet No.
18 of 31
Water Courses
A buffer of 50 meters shall be provided between natural water courses
and borrow areas unless otherwise approved (e.g. sand extraction).
Size
Borrow pits shall be rectangular maximum dimensions of 200 meters in
length and 50 meters in width and 2 meters in depth. If additional
material is required, an undisturbed buffer zone shall be established
between adjacent pits.
Borrow pits shall conform to the surrounding existing contours and
drainage configuration.
Clearing and Stockpiling of Topsoil and Vegetation.
Topsoil shall be removed to a depth as specified and moved to the
longitudinal sides of borrow pits and access tracks and shall be
stockpiled for future rehabilitation works.
Restoration Works
a. Man-made Rubbish
Upon completion of borrow material removal, all man-made rubbish
shall be removed to an approved location.
b. Landscaping
Borrow pit walls shall be graded evenly to blend with surrounding
ground and with side slopes no steeper than 3 horizontal to 1
vertical.
Borrow pit floors shall be left neat and tidy with any material
stockpiles respired over the floors.
c. Spreading
On completion of pit reshaping, any material brought to the pit shall
be spread evenly over the entire bottom of the pit. The order of
spreading shall be bituminous material, oversize material, rock,
spoil, and over- burden unless otherwise directed.
d. The topsoil shall be re-spreading over the reshaped batters and
bear areas of the pit and on access tracks. Topsoil shall be respread to a depth of not less than 70 mm unless otherwise directed
after topsoil re-spread, the entire pit area shall be ripped along the
contours to a minimum depth of 500 mm and width of 500 mm.
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.
XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX

Rev. : A
Sheet No.
19 of 31
e. No traffic shall be allowed on ripped areas.

f. Restoration is not complete until all ripping has been finalized.
7.2. EMBANKMENT/FILL
7.2.1 General
Embankment/fill shall be constructed from one or more of the following
materials :
a. General fill
b. Select fill
c. Rock fill
Embankment/fill material shall be placed to the lines, slopes and levels
as shown on the Drawings to the specified tolerances.
The sub grade for embankment placement shall be cleared, grubbed
and topsoil stripped as specified.
For the purpose of selection for use in earthworks, all suitable materials
shall be classified in accordance with AASHTO T193.
Unsuitable material shall mean material other than suitable material and
shall include the following :
a. Material from swamps, marshes or bogs;
b. Running silt, peat, logs, stumps, mud, slurry and perishable
material;
c. Material susceptible to spontaneous combustion;
d. Material consisting of highly organic clay or silt;
e. Clay having liquid limit exceeding 80 percent and/or plasticity index
exceeding 55 percent and,
f. Materials having moisture content greater than the maximum
permitted for such materials in the contract, unless otherwise
permitted by the client.
Suitable and approved material shall all pass a 75 mm ASTM sieve. The
fraction passing a 75m ASTM sieve shall have the following
characteristics:
a. Liquid limit not exceeding 35;
b. Plasticity index not exceeding 12;
c. Coefficient of uniformity shall be greater than 10;
d. The percentage passing a 75 m BS sieve shall be less than 20
percent by weight.
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.

XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX
Rev. : A
Sheet No.
20 of 31
Cohesive soil includes clays and marls with up to 20 percent of gravel

and having moisture content not less than the value of the plastic limit.
Well graded granular and dry cohesive soils include clays and marls
containing more than 20 percent of gravel and/or having a moisture
content less than the value of the plastic limit, well graded sands and
gravels with a uniformity coefficient exceeding 10.
Uniformly-graded material includes sands and gravels with a
uniformity coefficient of 10 or less, and all silts and pulverized fuel
ashes. Any soil containing 80 percent or more of material in the particle
size range 60m - 2m will be regarded as silt for this purpose.
In addition, the contractor shall carry out laboratory tests on each type
of material that he proposed to use to determined the optimum moisture
content corresponding to the maximum dry density of the soil according
to the method laid down in AASHTO T193.
7.2.2 Fill Materials
General Fill
General fill shall be inorganic material that is free of deleterious material
and of material with a liquid limit greater than 50 and is available from
excavations and borrow areas. It shall be compacted as specified.
The fill material shall have a particle size distribution within the following
envelope.
TABLE 7.1 GENERAL FILL MATERIAL PARTICLE SIZE GRADING
SIZE (MM)
% PASSING BY WEIGHT
75.000
100
37.500
95 to 100
19.000
95 to 100
9.500
90 to 100
4.750
85 to 100
2.360
75 to 100
heading table ?
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.

XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX
1.180
65 to 95
0.600
45 to 85
0.425
35 to 75
0.300
25 to 60
0.150
10 to 40
0.075
5 to 30
Rev. : A
Sheet No.
21 of 31
Maximum fill particle size shall not exceed two-thirds of

compacted layer thickness or 75 mm whichever is the
lesser.
Select Fill
Select fill shall be obtained from natural material in excavations or from
material in approved stockpiles or borrow areas.
Select fill shall be inorganic material that is free of deleterious material
with a maximum particle size of 50 mm. It shall be compacted as
specified.
Less than 10% (by mass) of the material shall pass a 75-micron sieve
and the portion of the material passing the 425-micron sieve shall have
a liquid limit of less than 35.
Sand for pipe underlay and specified pipe surround shall be clean free
draining natural sand that is free from rock or sharp objects retained on
a 13.2 mm test sieve and is free of deleterious material.
Rock Fill
Rock fill is defined as fill composed of cobbles of 150 mm or greater in
size and/or boulders, which predominantly relies on mechanical
interlock for stability.
Rock fill shall be obtained from excavations or from approved stockpiles
or borrow areas.
Rock fill shall have a maximum particle size of no more than two thirds
of the compacted layer thickness and shall be free of organic and other
deleterious material.
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.
XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX

Rev. : A
Sheet No.
22 of 31
Sufficient fines shall be placed with the rock to ensure that no voids exist
after placement and compaction. It shall be watered sufficiently during
placement and compaction to fill voids under the rock and compacted
with a 20 tons vibrating roller. Rolling shall not cease until no additional
deformation can be seen with additional passes.
Sheeting Material
Sheeting material shall have the following properties:
Free of organic or deleterious material or material with a liquid limit
greater than 50.
Having a particle size distribution within the following envelope.
TABLE 7.2
SHEETING MATERIAL PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION
SIZE (MM)
% PASSING BY WEIGHT
75.000
100
37.500
95 to 100
19.000
85 to 100
9.500
55 to 95
4.750
40 to 90
2.360
30 to 80
1.180
20 to 65
0.600
10 to 40
0.425
down spacing
7.2.3 Embankment Sub grade/Foundation
General
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.
XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX

Rev. : A
Sheet No.
23 of 31
All embankment areas shall be cleared, prepared, and all unsuitable

material removed as specified.
All earth surfaces shall be scarified to a depth of 150 mm, watered as
necessary and compacted to the densities specified for that portion of
the works.
Where fill is placed on a ground surface that slopes greater than one
vertical to four horizontal in any direction, the ground shall be benched
to a width of at least one meter to form a key for filling. The benches
shall be level or inclined contrary to the existing slope. The benches
shall be filled and cut progressively. Excavated material shall be spread
and re-compacted as part of the filling works.
7.2.4 Embankment Placement
General and Select Filling
Fill material shall be placed, spread and compacted in horizontal layers
of loose material with minimum and maximum depths of 100 mm and
300 mm respectively.
Fill may be placed in thicker layers if the specified compaction over the
full depth of the layer can be shown to be achievable prior to
commencement of the works.
Where the required compacted layer is less than 80 mm in depth, the
underlying material shall be scarified to a depth so that the total depth
of the material to be worked shall be greater than 80 mm.
The moisture content of each layer shall be within plus or minus 2% of
optimum when compacted.
The full depth of each layer shall be uniformly compacted over the whole
area.
Existing Embankment
Where an existing embankment is to be widened, the surface shall be
prepared as specified elsewhere. Any existing stone pitching shall be
stockpiled for future reuse as directed or specified. The fill slopes shall
be benched, prepared and filled as previously specified.
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.
XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX

Rev. : A
Sheet No.
24 of 31
Rock Fill
Rock fill shall be placed, spread uniformly and compacted in horizontal
layers at the specified moisture content. Loose layer depth shall not
exceed 900 mm. Rock pieces more than 200 mm in greatest dimension
shall be broken as necessary. The entire layer shall be densely
compacted by providing a minimum of four passes with a vibratory roller
(minimum static weight of six tones per meter width of roller). The roller
shall be an approved machine and shall operate at a speed not
exceeding three kilometers per hour with a frequency range of 20 to 30
Hertz. Each lift of material shall bond sufficiently with the preceding
layer.
Rock fill shall be used in embankments at locations that are subject to
inundation when and where shown on the Drawings.
The top layer or layers (600 mm minimum depth) of rock embankments
shall be well graded with a maximum particle size of 150 mm and shall
be capable of sealing off the rock fill. Where the proportion of finer
material is to completely fill the voids in the top 600 mm of the formation
(the underside of any wearing course), the finer material shall be
compacted to a modified dry density ratio of 95% or a density index of
82% (depending on material type) as well as complying with the above
grading and sealing off requirements.
General fill materials shall not be utilized to widen rock embankments.
8.
BACKFILL
8.1. GENERAL
Backfill shall be placed in accordance with the Drawings and as specified.

Backfill placed next to structures including culverts and other pipe work shall
be natural material or granular borrow material and shall be free of stones
greater than 25 mm diameter (within 150 mm of the service) and of organic
and other deleterious material. Material between 25 mm and 75 mm may be
used if approval is granted in each situation.
A 600 mm thick intermediate layer of material with a maximum particle size of
75 mm shall be installed between backfill and rock fill materials when the rock
fill has stones greater than 150 mm in size or has excessive voids.
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.
XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX

Rev. : A
Sheet No.
25 of 31
8.2. SAND BACKFILL MATERIAL
Sand for service bedding and surrounding shall be clean free draining natural
sand that is free from rock or sharp objects retained on a 13.2 mm test sieve
and is free of deleterious material including plastic material. Quarry fines with
100% material passing a 4.75 sieve and with a maximum of 5% passing the
75-micron sieve may be used.
8.3. EXCAVATED MATERIAL
Excavated materials complying with the specifications shall be used as backfill.
8.4. BACKFILL PLACEMENT
Backfill material shall be placed in horizontal layers with slopes not exceeding
1 vertical to 20 horizontal. The loose thickness of each layer shall not exceed
200 mm. A lesser thickness shall be used if the specified compaction cannot
be achieved or if the feet of a sheep foot roller are not long enough to pass
through the full layer thickness. Each layer shall be compacted as specified.
Backfilling shall not commence against concrete or masonry work until seven
days after placement of the structure or until the concrete/grout has achieved
two-thirds of its specified 28-day compressive strength whichever is greater.
Compaction shall not be done in such a manner as to damage or move any
structure.
Heavy proof compaction shall be performed as directed.
8.5. TRENCH BACKFILL
8.5.1 General
Trenches shall be backfilled as soon as practicable and in accordance
with the Specifications.
Final backfill shall not be placed until any specified inspection, testing
and approval have been carried out.
8.5.2 Initial Backfill
Initial backfill shall include bedding, conduit side support and conduit
overlay with specified materials and in accordance with the Drawings.
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.
XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX

Rev. : A
Sheet No.
26 of 31
Bedding shall be compacted with 2 passes of a vibratory plate

compactor with a mass of not less than 50 kg.
Side support backfill shall be placed in 150 mm (75mm for sanitary
sewers) layers and compacted by hand rammers alternately along both
sides of the conduit to maintain the same level.
The overlay backfill layer shall extend 300 mm over the top of the
conduit prior to the commencement of compaction with a 50kg vibratory
plate compactor (4 passes). If the required overlay layer is less than
300 mm thick, only hand compaction methods shall be used.
8.5.3 Final Backfill
The backfill from the top of the overlay layer up to 300 mm below the
finished surface level shall be placed in 300 mm or less thick layers with
general fill material. In non-trafficable areas, the final 300 mm backfill
layer shall extend slightly above finished ground level and compacted
to a density of not less than the surrounding ground with soil similar to
the natural in-site material removed during excavation. The final 300 mm
backfill layer in trafficable areas shall be of specified road base/subbase materials equal to or exceeding the quality of the materials in the
original formation.
9.
COMPACTION
9.1. GENERAL
All fill shall be compacted in accordance with and to the degree specified within
this section. If during the course of the works, it is found that the specified
compaction is not being achieved, the equipment and/or method used shall be
changed to ensure that the compaction complies with the specifications.
9.2 INSPECTION
All compacted areas shall be made available for inspection prior to proceeding
with the next work stage. Work shall not proceed until approval has been
granted. Four hours advance notice shall be given for the inspection.
9.3. SUB-GRADE COMPACTION
Prior to any filling or backfilling operations, the total cleared and/or excavated
existing surface shall be compacted to the following minimum specification.
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.
Rev. : A
Sheet No.
27 of 31

XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX
TABLE 9.1 SUBGRADE COMPACTION REQUIREMENTS

AREA
COHESIVE SOILS
MODIFIED AASHTO
NON-COHESIVE SOILS
DENSITY INDEX (DI)
90%
70%
95%
80%
90%
70%
95%
80%
Where depth of fill areas >

500mm, to a depth of
200mm
Where depth of fill areas <
500mm, to a depth of
200mm
Trench bottoms
Beneath
structural
components
9.4. FILL / BACKFILL COMPACTION
All fill and backfill shall be compacted in accordance with the following table
unless otherwise noted on the drawings.
TABLE 9.2
FILL/BACKFILL COMPACTION REQUIREMENTS
NON-COHESIVE
SOILS DENSITY
INDEX (DI)
AREA
AASHTO
COHESIVE SOILS
MOISTURE CONTENT
Top 300mm
fill
and
backfill under
roads
and
pavements
95%
Modified
60-90% of Optimum
Moisture Content(OMC)
80%
Fill
and
backfill
beneath
structures
95%
Modified
- 3% to + 1% of OMC
80%
Fill in earthen
water
containment
structures
98%
Standard
+/- 2% OMC
NA
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.

XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX
Rev. : A
Sheet No.
28 of 31
AREA
AASHTO
COHESIVE SOILS
MOISTURE CONTENT
NON-COHESIVE
SOILS DENSITY
INDEX (DI)
All remaining
fill and backfill
90%
Modified
60 90%
70%
9.5. PROOF COMPACTION
9.5.1 General
Proof compaction is performed to highlight any differential in near
surface subsoil conditions by observing compaction plant performance
and to provide a strong, uniform surface soil diaphragm. This refers to
the surface of areas just prior to fill operations and to areas where cut
operations have taken place.
9.5.2 Notification
A minimum of 24 hours notice shall be given to the Client
Representative prior to commencement of proof compaction. No
compaction shall take place without prior approval from the client
representative.
9.5.3 Compaction Plant
Modern, effective vibrating compaction plant shall be used for proof
compaction, which will comply with the following minimum criteria :
TABLE 9.3
PROOF COMPACTION PLANT
ITEM
SMOOTH DRUM ROLLER
PLATE
COMPACTOR
Size
2.0m wide
0.68 x 1.08 m
Static weight
4 t / m (40 kg / cm)
0.75 t
Exciter
frequency
20 Hz
30 Hz
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.
XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX

Rev. : A
Sheet No.
29 of 31
9.5.4 Compaction
Compaction shall proceed in a logical sequence with a minimum of
repetition until the whole site has received a single pass.
The initial pass speed shall be constant and not be less than that
recommended by the manufacturer for effective compaction and
enough to prevent undue roller weave or ground heave under average
ground conditions.
A minimum of four passes shall be made over the whole area.
Unsuitable soil conditions revealed and that have not been improved by
the proof compaction shall be investigated further.
Additional passes may be required in some areas to achieve acceptable
compaction.
Unsuitable soil shall be excavated and replaced with approved fill if so
directed.
9.5.5 High Water Table Areas
Static rolling shall be employed on fill layers in high water table areas
until a depth of one-meter depth above the water table is achieved.
Vibrating compaction equipment shall then be used to achieve specified
compaction requirements.
9.6. COMPACTION TESTING AND INSPECTION
9.6.1 General
A laboratory approved by the Client Representative shall be used to
perform all fields, laboratory and other tests necessary to control
performance and material properties in accordance with the
Specification. The results of all tests shall be provided within 48 hours
of testing.
All check and/or acceptance tests undertaken by or for the Client
Representative will be made available within 48 hours of result receipt.
Where test results do not comply with the Specifications, the area shall
be re-compacted. If necessary, the area shall have its moisture content
modified after scarifying to achieve the required compaction.
If it is considered that the area is not properly compacted to the specified
depth, and cannot be effectively consolidated from the surface, material
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.

XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX
Rev. : A
Sheet No.
30 of 31
shall be removed and re-compacted in layers to comply with the

Specifications.
9.6.2 Testing Frequency
Unless otherwise shown on the Drawings, the frequency of field density
testing shall comply with the following :
TABLE 9.4 TESTING FREQUENCY
SCOPE
Bulk filling
MINIMUM TESTING FREQUENCY

a. 1 test per 500 m3 distributed evenly throughout depth and
breadth of fill; or
b. 1 test per 2500 m2 per material type per layer; whichever
requires the most tests
a. 1 test per 200 m3 distributed evenly throughout depth and
breadth of fill; or
Localized filling
b. 1 test per 1000 m2 per material type per layer; whichever

requires the most tests
A laboratory compaction/density test shall be carried out on a sample

from each test location to allow the Dry Density/Density Index to be
determined unless otherwise shown on the Drawings.
9.6.3 Inspection
The Client Representative shall inspect the Works at the following
stages:
a. Completion of stripping or excavation and prior to subgrade
compaction and placement of fill material.
b. Completion of each fill layer.
c. Completion of compacted sub-grade fill layer prior to following
layers.
d. Completion of compacted sub-grade fill layer under future concrete
structures.
e. As directed at other times throughout the duration of the Works.
SPECIFICATION FOR
Document No.
XXXX-XX-XX-XXX-XXX
10.

Rev. : A
Sheet No.
31 of 31
TOLERANCES
10.1. LEVELS AND GRADES
The final trim and finish of the earthworks shall be carried out to the levels
and slopes as shown on the Drawings and shall leave no highs or lows that
would contain water or impede drainage. The final top levels of the
earthworks shall not exceed plus or minus 25 mm in general fill conditions.
The sub-grade surface for pavements shall be within -35 mm and +5 mm at
any point as determined from the Drawings. Completed road base course
levels shall be within -35 mm and +5 mm at any point as determined from the
Drawings.
All drains shall be graded, trimmed and cleared of all debris to ensure
effective drainage at completion of the Works. Work shall be done by hand if
it is necessary to achieve the required standard.
If rectification to finished surfaces is required to repair faulty work, the surface
shall be loosened to a minimum depth of 100 mm prior to any corrective work
proceeding.
10.2. SURFACE SHAPE
The sub-grade surface shall have a maximum deviation of 15 mm from a 3m straight edge when placed in any position on the surface.
The base course surface shall have a maximum deviation of 6 mm from a 3m straight edge when placed in any position on the surface.
10.3. BATTERY SHAPE
Batter slopes shall be smoothly shaped to a uniform plane from top to bottom
and shall not vary from the specified slope at any point by more than 150 mm
measured perpendicular to the specified batter slope. Loose stones,
boulders, organic and unstable materials in slopes shall be removed.
10.4. WIDTHS AND ALIGNMENTS
The limit of the finished surface of earthworks shall not be less than the widths
shown on the Drawings nor 300-mm greater than specified.
For roads, the top edge of the base course layer shall be no closer to the road
centerline and no more than 100 mm further from the road centerline than the
positions shown on the Drawings.
The set out lines for earthworks shall not vary more than 50 mm from the
positions specified

Site Preparation and Earthwork Specification for Halmahera Timur Project

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Site Preparation and Earthwork Specification for Halmahera Timur Project

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

SPECIFICATION FOR

SITE PREPARATION AND EARTHWORK

EAST HALMAHERA FERRONICKEL

: PT ANEKA TAMBANG (Persero) Tbk.

: EAST HALMAHERA FERRONICKEL

DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (P3FH)

: EAST HALMAHERA - NORTH MALUKU

Issued For Review

EAST HALMAHERA FERRONICKEL

EAST HALMAHERA FERRONICKEL

font use arial 10

3. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ...................................................................................... 8

5. GRADING AND RESTORATION............................................................................... 10

EAST HALMAHERA FERRONICKEL

10. TOLERANCES ........................................................................................................... 31

line spacing use 1.5

EAST HALMAHERA FERRONICKEL

Topsoil stockpiling and re-spreading

Disposal of surplus material

Open drain construction

Excavation for footings, foundations and slabs

Trench excavation for services

EAST HALMAHERA FERRONICKEL

The International System of Units (S.I.) shall be used.

All documentation and correspondence shall be in English.

American Society of Civil Engineers - Minimum Design

American Society of Civil Engineers Design of Sub

Standard specification for materials for aggregate and

Standard specification for reinforced concrete pipe

Standard test methods for resistance to degradation of

Standard specification for joints for circular concrete

Standard specification for precast reinforced concrete

Standard specification for precast reinforced concrete

EAST HALMAHERA FERRONICKEL

Test methods of testing non-woven fabrics.

Standard method of test for density of soil in place by the

Test method for laboratory compaction characteristics of

Standard method of test for resistance R-value and

Standard method of test for sensitivity of soil and soil

Test methods for mass per unit area (weight) of fabric.

Test method for breaking strength and elongation of

Test method for breaking strength and elongation of

Statutory Codes and Regulations

Data Sheets and Requisition

National Standards and Codes

EAST HALMAHERA FERRONICKEL

3.2.1 Surface Water Drainage

All necessary procedures shall be followed to ensure that dust generated by

EAST HALMAHERA FERRONICKEL

3.4. ACCESS ROADS

Clearing shall consist of the removal of everything on or above the ground

Where approved by the Company and Indonesian Regulatory Authorities,

EAST HALMAHERA FERRONICKEL

GRADING AND RESTORATION

5.2.1 Surplus Material

EAST HALMAHERA FERRONICKEL

After spreading surplus material in spoil areas, the material shall be

6.1.1 Rock Excavation

EAST HALMAHERA FERRONICKEL

Unsuitable material shall be removed and transported to authorized

6.2. GENERAL EXCAVATION

a. Excavation shall be carried out in all the types of material encountered to