Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Biomedical Engineering
an Introduction
[EBG4B3] Biomedical Instrumentation
Nanotechnology
Civil
Mechanical
Mechatronics
Electrical
Computer
Software
Chemical
Biomedical
[EBG4B3] Biomedical Instrumentation
2. Definition of
Biomedical Engineering* (1)
Biomedical engineering is a discipline that advances
knowledge in engineering, biology, medicine, and
improves human health trough cross-disciplinary that
integrate engineering sciences with the biology sciences
and clinical practices.
It includes:
the acquisition of knowledge and understanding of living
system through innovative and substantive application
experimental and analytical techniques based on
engineering sciences
the development of new devices, algorithms, processes
and system that advances biology and medicine and
improves medical practice and healthcare delivery
* Whitaker foundation
[EBG4B3] Biomedical Instrumentation
2. Definition of
Biomedical Engineering* (2)
Biomedical Engineering (BME) =
Multidisciplinary field, that applies engineering &
scientific methods & technology, to Solve
Problems in Biology & Medicine
To process medical information
More specific
Biomaterials
Biomechanics
Biosensors
Medical imaging
Molecular imaging
Nanotechnology
Telemedicine
Tissue engineering
Biosystem
Biotransport
Rehabilitation
engineering
Cellular engineering
Clinical engineering
Biostatistics
Bioinformatics
4. Medical Procedures*
Start
1. Data/information
Collection
2. Data processing &
analysis
3. Diagnosis
4. Therapy
5. Test (More
symptom ?)
- Further actions/
Follow up
1 Data Collection
2 Process &Analysis
3 Diagnosis
4 Therapy
t Yes
(symptom)
5 Test
No
Stop
5. Medical Information
Text (alphanumeric data), e.g. patient data
Physiological Signal (bio-signals), e.g.: ECG,
EMG, EEG signals
Medical Images & biometrics:
Static images, e.g.: X-ray images; fingerprint, iris
Dynamic images, e.g.: visual image of heart pumping
action, lung respiratory action
6. Bioinstrumentation
Apply fundamental measurement sciences to
biomedical
instrumentation
for
measuring
physiological variables that may originate
molecular, cellular or systemic process
May described by mechanical, electrical, chemical,
optical or other event
Uses sensor and/or transducer
Sensor must be designed so that/to
- minimized disturbance to measured variable
environment
- comply with the requirement of the living system
- maximize the SNR, achieve accuracy and repeatability
and
Bioinstrumentations in Dentistry
USG
Hearing Aid
Stethoscope
[EBG4B3] Biomedical Instrumentation
Biomedical Instrumentation
7. Biomaterial
Application of engineering materials to the
production
of
medical/biological/diagnostic
product
- design and development of new material often to
replace failing biological organs/limbs
Biomaterials in Dentistry
Biomaterial
Knee Joint Prosthesis
Surgical operation: implant
*How stuffwork.com
Artificial Heart*
[EBG4B3] Biomedical Instrumentation
8. Medical Imaging
Fundus camera
Fiberoptic Endoscope
X-Ray
PET
USG
Ultrasound
CAT Scan
Open
MRI
Mobile
MRI
X-ray for
Mammography
PET Scanner
[EBG4B3] Biomedical Instrumentation
9. Biosignal/ Biopotensial
Analysis biological data to uncover the
nature
of
underlying
physiological
phenomena
Signal processing
Biosignal Processing
Biosignal Processing
Biomedical Signal Examples :
EEG
10.Biomechanics
Study of composition, properties and interaction of
biological tissues (such as bone, muscle, etc) and
fluid (such as blood, inter/intracelluler fluid, etc)
Study of motion, material deformation, flow within the
body and devices, transport of chemical constituent
across biological and synthetic media
Development of artificial heart, replacement heart
valves, artificial organs, patient assistance devices,
ergonomic design all fall within of realm of
biomechanics
Biomechanic
Gait Analysis
Gait analysis
observational studies
sequential photographs
video recording
dynamic electromyography
force transducers, foot switches,
electrogoniometers, spotting systems
specialized transducers: physical
variable electrical signal digital
signal.
computer technology, to analyze data
obtained from different sources;
record & display digital signals as
dependent variables of time on a
graph with a common time axis.
3D studies
[EBG4B3] Biomedical Instrumentation
11.Clinical Engineering
Application of technology in healthcare
Clinical engineers typically work in hospital to assist
doctors/nurses with their medical technology needs
Managing diagnostic and laboratory equipment in
hospital, interface different equipment with each other
and/or with computer
Determine equipment needs
In government positions
Product testing and safety, establishing safety standard for
biomedical equipment and system
In hospital
Provide advice on selection and use of biomedical equipment,
supervise on medical device performance testing and
maintainance
In research institutions
Supervise laboratories and equipment, participate in or direct
research activities with other researcher with such backgrounds
such as engineering, medicine, nurse, biology etc
In academia
Academic research, training next generation biomedical/other
engineer
[EBG4B3] Biomedical Instrumentation
References
Edwin L. Dove, Medical Image Processing Lecture
Notes, UIOWA
EMBS magazine
Proceeding BME Day 2007