INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT

UNIVERSE
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

SUBJECT:
SUBJECT CODE:
SEMESTER:
ACADAMIC YEAR:

Faculty Involved:

PROGRAME OUTCOME:
PO1]
PO2]
PO3]
PO4]
PO5]
PO6]
PO7]
PO8]
TEACHING SCHEME

Teaching
Scheme(Hrs)
Th.
3

Tut
0

University
Exam(E)

Credits

Prac.
2

Theor
y
70

Mid Sem
(M)

Practical.
(I)

Total Marks

Practical
30

30

20

150

PO4

PO5

COURSE OUTCOME
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

MAPPING WITH PO/CO

PO
CO
1
2
3
4
5

PO1

PO2

PO3

Yes
Yes

Yes
Yes

Yes
Yes
Yes

Yes
Yes

PO6

PO7

PO8

Yes
Yes

Yes
Yes

Yes
Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes
Yes

Yes

Yes

INDEX
SR.
NO.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

CONTENT

PAGE
NO.

EXPERIMENT1
TITLE:PerformanceTestonSingleCylinder4StrokeDieselEngine.
AIM:Test on vapour compression refrigeration test rig.
To Determine:
1. Co efficient of performance on vapour compression refrigeration test rig.

OBJECTIVES:

1. Calulate COP with p-h chart

APPARATUS:Thefollowingapparatusarerequiredtoperformthisexperiment.
1. vapour compression refrigeration test rig.

NOMENCLATURE:
T1 : Condenser inlet
T2 : Condenser outlet
T3 : Evapourator inlet
T4 : Evapourator outlet
T5 : Room temperature
LP : Pe - Evapourator pressure
HP : Pc - Condensing pressure

INTRODUCTION:
A vapour compression system is improved type of air refrigeration system in which suitable
working substance termed as refrigerant is used, it condensates and evapourates at
temperature and pressure close to atmospheric conditions. The refrigerants used for this
purpose are ammonia, carbon dioxide, and sulphur dioxide. The refrigerant used does not
leave the system, alternatively condensing and evapourating. In evapouration, the refrigerant
absorbs its latent heat from which it is used for circulating it around the cold chamber while
cost during it gives latent heat to the circulating water of the cooler. The VCS is thus latent
heat pump as it pumps its latent heat from brine end and delivers it to the cooler. It is
generally used for all individual purposes from small domestic refrigerator to a big air
conditioning plant.

THEORY:
ADVANTAGES:
1. It has similar size for given capacity of refrigerator.
2. It has less running cost.
3. It is employed for large range of temperature.

4. The COP is quite higher.

DISADVANTAGES:
1. The initial cost is higher.
2. The leakage of refrigerant is difficult to avoid.
ESSENTIAL PARTS OF THE SYSTEM:
1. Compressor:
The low pressure and temperature of the vapour refrigerant from evapourator is drawn into
the compressor through IV or suction valve where it is compressed to high pressure and
temperature. Refrigerant is discharged into the condenser through delivery or discharge valve.
2. Condenser
It consists of coils of pipe in which high pressure and temperature vapour refrigerant gets
cooled and condensed. The refrigerant while running through the condenser gives up its latent
heat to the surrounding condensing medium which is normally air or water.
3. Receiver
The condensed liquid refrigerant from the condenser is stored in vessel known as receiver
from where it is supplied to the evapourator through the expansion valve.
4. Expansion Valve:
It allows the liquid refrigerant under high pressure and temperature to pass at a controlled rate
after reducing its pressure and temperature. Some of the refrigerants evapourate and pass
through expansion valve but their greater portion is vapourised in the evapourator at low
pressures and temperatures.
5. Evapourator:
It consists of coils of pipe in which the liquid refrigerant at low pressure and temperature. In
evapouration, the liquid vapour refrigerant absorbs its latent heat of vapourisation from the
medium which is to be cooled.
Analysis of Vapour Compression System:
It depends upon:
1. Load on refrigerant plant in Tonnes.
2. Temperature of refrigerant.
3. Atmospheric temperature.
The temperature of refrigerant required and atmospheric conditions decide the temperature of
the refrigerant entering into the condenser and automatically it decides the pressure ratio.
Similarly, the working cycle is represented on T-S and P-h diagram, where the process 3-2
represents superheating and 4-5 represents undercooling. The COP of this cycle increases as
it approaches near to the Carnot cycle. This is explained as follows: The absorption of heat in
evapouration and rejection of heat in the condenser are in the form of the latent heat. This
heat transfer is carried out by maintaining the temperatures differences as low as possible in
evapourator and condenser. By comparing with the refrigerant cycle where high temperature
cycle is necessary to carry out into compressor isolating it from the atmosphere.
Irreversibility only exists in the throttling process. The VCS approaches Carnot cycle as

compared with air refrigeration system and COP of VCS is higher than air refrigeration
system.

PROCEDURE:
1. Fill the tank in vapour compression test rig with the brine solution.
2. Switch ON the main supply.
3. Start the compressor and stirrer supply button.
4. Take initial energy meter reading of both compressor and stirrer.
5. Wait for about 50 minutes so that the system gets stabilized.
6. After stabilization take all readings at required temperature.
7. Measure evapourator (L.P) and condenser (H.P) pressures.

OBSERVATIONS AND CALCULATIONS:

Observation Table:
Sr.
No.

Time

T1

T2

T3

T4

T5

LP
(bar)

HP
(bar)

Actual
COP

T1 : Condenser inlet
T2 : Condenser outlet
T3 : Evapourator inlet
T4 : Evapourator outlet
T5 : Room temperature
LP : Pe - Evapourator pressure
HP : Pc - Condensing pressure

PRECAUTIONS AND MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS:

1. Never start the heater when compressor is off.
2. Operate all the knobs and controls gently.
3. Never keep the equipment in an enclosed room.
4. Keep it in a well ventilated room
5. Leave at least one metre space around the equipment.

CONCLUSION:

Theoretical
COP