Professional Documents
Culture Documents
GUIDELINES
ON
TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
IN WORK ZONES
INDIAN
ROADS CONGRESS
2014
2014
https://archive.org/details/govlawircy2014sp55_0
IRC:SP:55-2014
GUIDELINES
ON
TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
IN WORK ZONES
(First Revision)
Published by:
INDIAN
ROADS CONGRESS
Kama
Koti
Marg,
New
Delhi-110 022
January, 2014
Price
(Plus Packing
? 900/-
& Postage)
IRC:SP:55-2014
Reprinted
2001
November, 2004
Reprinted
October, 2010
First
First
Published
Revision
(All
July,
January, 2014
Rights Reserved.
translated or transmitted in
shall
be reproduced,
1000 Copies
IRC:SP:55-2014
Contents
Page No
Personnel of the Highways Specifications and Standards Committee
Section
Introduction
1.1
Background
.2
.3
Who
.4
1.5
1
.6
Traffic
WTMPs?
What Can Make WTMPs Effective?
Judicious Application of WTMPs
Legal Aspects of WTMPs
Section 3
Principles of
Basic Principles of
3.2
Planning of
4
4
6
Work Zones
3.1
Management Plans
Traffic
WTMP
16
1
WTMP
17
3.2.1
17
3.2.2
17
3.2.3
17
3.2.4
18
3.2.5
Ensure
3.2.6
that planners
18
18
WTMP
18
Primary Features of
3.4
3.5
WTMP in
WTMP in
Temporary
3.3
3.6
Should Prepare
Section 2
Section 4
Traffic
Management Plan
20
Urban Areas
Project
Development
Traffic Control
20
21
Zones
22
22
4.1
Introduction
4.2
Elements of Temporary
Traffic Control
Zone
22
22
4.2.1
4.2.2
Approach
4.2.3
Activity
4.2.4
26
4.2.5
26
transition
zone
zone
25
25
Section 5
Traffic Control
Types
5.1
Road Signs
5.3
Section 6
27
28
5.1.2
Sign placement
28
5.1.3
Design of signs
30
5.1.4
Regulatory signs
30
5.1.5
Warning signs
37
5.1.6
Informatory signs
43
.1
46
Channelizing Devices
47
cones
5.2.1
Traffic
5.2.2
Tubular markers
48
5.2.3
Hazard markers
49
5.2.4
Drums
50
5.2.5
Barricades
50
5.2.6
54
5.2.7
New jersey
54
5.2.8
Water-filled barricades
55
5.2.9
57
5.2.10
Delineators
57
barrier
5.4
27
of Devices
5.1
5.2
27
Devices
Road
59
stud
Lighting Devices
&
58
Variable
Message Signs
59
5.4.1
Lighting devices
59
5.4.2
Floodlights
59
5.4.3
60
5.4.4
Warning
61
5.4.5
Temporary
5.4.6
Portable variable
5.4.7
Arrow boards
Measures
lights
traffic
for Vulnerable
61
message
62
signs
63
VRUs
6.1
Measures
6.2
Guidance
6.3
for
control singals
67
67
67
&
Cyclist
67
IRC:SP:55-2014
Section 7
6.4
Works on Footpath:
6.5
Traffic
Management
Introduction
7.1
Alternate
Alternative
Way
for
Pedestrians
70
Practices at Worksites
72
72
One Way
72
Operations
.1
Traffic control
73
7.1 .2
Traffic control
by
73
7.1 .3
Traffic control
by stop/go boards
7.1 .4
Traffic control
by portable
7.1
priority
signs
traffic
74
signals
74
7.2
Detours
76
7.3
Diversions
76
7.4
Full
7.5
Intermittent Closures
76
7.6
Lane Closures
79
7.7
Lane Constrictions
79
7.8
Median Crossovers
79
7.9
Use
7.10
Night Construction
7.11
Road Closures
of Shoulder as a Travel
76
Lane
82
82
of
Work Zone
Design Strategies
Section 8
69
Introduction
8.2
Critical
82
84
84
Players or Stakeholders
84
8.2.1
Road
authority
84
8.2.2
Road operator
85
8.2.3
Project director/in-charge
86
8.2.4
Designer
86
8.2.5
Road
87
8.2.6
Contractor
87
8.2.7
Concessionaire
88
8.2.8
Supervision consultant/independent/resident
safety auditors
Engineer
88
8.2.9
Local police
88
8.2.10
General public/community
89
IRC:SP:55-2014
Section 9
Section 10
90
90
9.1
Introduction
9.2
Deployment
9.3
Reflective Clothing
91
9.4
Roll
Up Signs
92
9.5
Protective
of
Flagman
Gears
Typical Applications
for
Workers
90
93
95
10.1
Introduction
95
10.2
Typical Layouts
95
IRC:SP:55-2014
(Convenor)
Ministry of
Bhavan,
&
New
Delhi
Patankar, V.L.
(Co-Convenor)
Kumar, Manoj
(Member-Secretary)
Transport
New
Road
& Highways,
New
Transport Bhavan,
Delhi
Members
MORTH, New
4.
Basu, S.B.
5.
Bongirwar, P.L.
Advisor, L
6.
Bose,
Head,
7.
Duhsaka, Vanlal
8.
Gangopadhyay,
9.
Gupta, D.P.
DG(RD) & AS
10.
Jain, R.K.
11.
Jain, N.S.
12.
Professor
Dr. Sunil
&
FPC
T,
Mumbai
Divn.
Chief Engineer,
Dr. S.
Director, Central
&
CRRI
PWD
(Retd.),
Faridabad
Road Research
(Retd.),
New
Institute,
MORTH, New
Delhi
Delhi
PWD,
MORTH, New
Sonipat
Delhi
Engg., Deptt. of
Civil
13.
14.
Kumar, Ashok
15.
Kurian, Jose
Chief Engineer,
16.
Kumar, Mahesh
Engineer-in-Chief, Haryana
17.
Kumar, Satander
Ex-Scientist,
18.
Lai,
Chaman
Delhi
MORTH, New
DTTDC
CRRI,
New
Ltd.,
New
Delhi
Delhi
Delhi
PWD, Chandigarh
Delhi
Manchanda, R.K.
Intercontinental Consultants
New
and Technocrats
Delhi.
20.
Marwah, S.K.
21.
Pandey, R.K.
22.
Pateriya, Dr.
I.K.
MORTH, New
MORTH, New
Pvt. Ltd.,
Delhi
Delhi
New
Delhi
IRC:SP:55-2014
23.
Pradhan, B.C.
24.
Prasad, D.N.
25.
Rao,
26.
Reddy,
P.J.
RCD, Patna
K. Siva
Road &
Building Deptt.
Hyderabad
27.
Representative of
28.
BRO
DG,
29.
CEO
30.
Sharma, M.P
Member
(Highways),
India,
GMR
New
DG(RD) & AS
(Retd.),
32.
Sinha.A.V.
DG(RD) & SS
(Retd.)
33.
Singh, B.N.
Member
35.
Vasava, S.B.
Jit
DG
Yadav,
Dr. V.K.
Limited, Bangalore
Highways Authority
of
MORTH, New
MORTH New
(Projects), National
Delhi
Delhi
Highways Authority
of India,
Delhi
(RD) &
SS
(Retd.),
Chief Engineer
Roads &
36.
Delhi
Delhi
Sharma, S.C.
New
Highways
(Technical), National
31.
Singh, Nirmal
Delhi-110 010
School of Planning
34.
HQ DGBR, New
MORTH, New
Delhi
Building Dept.,
DGBR, New
Delhi
MORTH, New
Delhi
Corresponding Members
1.
Bhattacharya, C.C.
2.
Das,
3.
Dr.
Animesh
DG(RD) & AS
(Retd.)
Associate Professor,
IT,
Kanpur
Bangalore-560 070.
4.
Momin, S.S.
5.
Advisor,
Ex-Officio
Mumbai
NT Kharagpur, Kharagpur
Members
1.
Kandasamy, C.
2.
Director General
ii
New
Delhi
IRC:SP:55-2014
IN
WORK ZONES
INTRODUCTION
The Guidelines on Safety in Road Construction Zones; IRC:SP:55 was first published by
Indian Roads Congress in 2001. Since then, there has been development in road safety
materials & technology. Therefore, a need was felt to bring out revised version of Guidelines to
include latest technology of Traffic Management and Road Safety Aspect during construction.
Accordingly, the work of revision of these Guidelines was taken up by the Transport Planning,
Traffic Engineering and Road Safety Committee (H-1) during the tenure 2009-2011 under
Convenorship of Shri S.C Sharma. The first draft of revised document was prepared by the
Sub-group comprising Shri D.P. Gupta, Dr. Geetam Tiwari, Ms. Nimisha Pal, Shri Sudhir
Kumar, Dr. M. Parida, Dr. Surinder Mohan, and Shri Pawan Kumar Singh. This draft was
discussed in various meetings of H-1 Committee during the tenure 2009-2011
The H-1 Committee was
Traffic
reconstituted
in
Bahadur
Velmurugan and
Jacob George.
The draft prepared by the Sub-group was discussed in various meetings of H-1 Committee
and the document was subsequently approved by the H-1 Committee in its meeting held
on 23.3.2013 for placing before the HSS Committee. The same draft was placed before
the Highways Specifications and Standards Committee (HSS) during its meeting held on
19 th July, 2013 and the HSS Committee approved this document subject to modifications
in light of comments of members offered during the meeting. The Executive Committee in
st
its meeting held on 31
July, 2013 approved the same document for placing it before the
Council. The Council in its 200 th meeting held at New Delhi on 11 th and 12 th August, 2013
approved the draft "Guidelines on Traffic Management in Work Zones" (First Revision)"
subject to modifications in the light of comments offered during the meeting and authorized
Convener of HSS Committee to finalize the document for printing.
Shri A.P.
The composition
of the H-1
Dr. S.
S.K.
Committee
is
Reddy,
Dr. S.
as given below:
Convener
Gangopadhyay
Marwah
Dr. S.
Mr.
Co-Convener
Member
Velmurugan
Secretary
Members
A.P.
D.K. Mohapatra
Bahadur
Amandeep Singh
D.P.
Ashok Bhattacharjee
Dr.
Bhargab Maitra
D. Sanyal
Dr.
Geetam
Gupta
Tiwari
IRC:SP:55-2014
R.K. Singh
M.R. Tagore
S.C.
Subhash Chand
Nimisha Pal
Nirmaljit
Sharma
Sudershan
Singh
K. Popli
Kumar
Sudhir
Surinder
Mohan
TheAIG
Police,
Dr. P.K.
Sarkar
The
Chandra
Dr. Satish
Jt.
CP
Haryana
(Traffic),
New
Delhi
W. Blah
H.C. Sethi
Corresponding Members
Dr.
C.E.G Justo
Dr. T.S.
Reddy
Gyanendra Singh
Co-opted Member
Jacob George
Ex-Officio
C.
Members
Kandasamy
(Road Development)
& Special Secretary, MoRT&H and
President, IRC
Director General
Background
The road construction and maintenance activities are the integral part of road network
development particularly for developing and transitional economies. Improving and expanding
the roadway network is critical to economic development as well as the quality of life and,
these activities create work zones in the network. The road work zones are areas of conflict
between normal operating traffic, construction workers, road building machineries and
construction
traffic.
If
it
is
a construction of
new
will
not be
traffic.
it
work whereby the driver is often surprised, insufficient warning signs for
normal and construction traffic, lack of audible warning to workers and, inadequate provisions
of safety devices to protect workers. At most work zones, normal traffic is never more than
1 5 meters away from construction activities. Major contributing factors to work zone accidents
IRC:SP:55-2014
are not paying sufficient attention, going too fast for the prevailing conditions, failure to yield
the right-of-way and, following too close.
An
way
ideal
to
traffic
flow by segregating
is
to
and
site.
Massive road building and development is being taken up in India, under various schemes,
such as National Highway Development Project (NHDP) and Prime Minister's Rural Road
Development Schemes (PMGSY). Activities of improvement of about 45,000 kms of National
Highways and around 400,000 kms of rural roads besides numerous urban roads are going
on, all across the country. To ensure safety of all, there is a need to adopt an efficient and
effective plan for management of traffic in work zones. Work Zone Traffic Management Plans
(WTMPs) are required to meet the safety needs of regular traffic as well as works traffic,
ensuring minimum disruption in access to properties and movement of pedestrians.
This document provides appropriate guidance and examples of best practice to improve the
safety for
all
the use of
Road
those
who
new methods
is
It
is
in
of the
to properties
and
bicycle,
When
is
to provide for
and pedestrian
WTMP
provides for
traffic, transit
operations,
utilities.
in
these guidelines.
continuity of the
and access
Traffic
roadway
is
submitted to the
or device
1 .2
new method
is
in
the varied
not expected by the road users, which creates an even higher degree of vulnerability for
WTMP
is
the efficient
construction and maintenance of the highway, as well as efficient resolution of traffic incidents,
if
in
1 .3
One
Who
set of
applications also
common deployment
smooth and
WTMPs?
cannot satisfy
may
Should Prepare
WTMPs
The WTMP,
all
all
possible
the category of highway, geographical location, road user categories, physical constraints,
and the distance/separation from the working space coupled with duration
3
of operation.
IRC:SP:55-2014
WTMPs
the fundamental principles of road safety, and the road work activities to be performed.
officer/engineer handling the task of preparing the
The design
WTMPs
is
The
.4
of the layout
Effective?
Improved road user performance can be better achieved through a well-prepared WTMP. The
efforts towards publicity giving the nature of the work, the time and duration of its execution,
the anticipated effects upon road users, and possible alternate routes and
also important.
The
WTMP
modes
of travel are
should be considered at the planning phase and continue through the design,
1 .5
The
Judicious Application of
WTMPs
rural National
An urban road
or street
traffic
is
turning conflicts,
typically characterized
by
and less
relatively
low
and houses.
In
included to help
in
are also
WTMPs
Legal Aspects of
in
safety.
WTMPs
Motor Vehicles Act 1988 provides the legal backing for erection of traffic signs and for traffic
operations on roads. Most of the construction and maintenance activities (except for short term
maintenance activities performed departmentally) in India are performed through contracts
signed between road authority and Contractor/Concessionaire. These contract/Concession
authorities
and
private firms
have
their legal
bases.
IRC:SP:55-2014
Normal contracts are generally governed by FIDIC Conditions of Contract which cover,
besides other aspects, safety aspects in construction activities. For projects under Public
Private Partnership (PPP), the Model Concession Agreement and its Schedule L provides for
safety requirements for project development and construction.
Building
of
Construction Workers' Welfare Cess Act, 1996 are the legal provisions governing the safety
The
policy
delayed as
is
to
little
to traffic safety
in India.
of the roads to a
minimum and
to
ensure that
be given
the workmen. Before
as well as
to provide a safe
which
will
working environment
influence
traffic,
to
traffic is
is
to
cases of projects with private sector participation) has to get the legal permission of the
road/traffic authority and local police about the means and extent of securing the construction
zone. The traffic management strategies to be used at construction zones should ensure that
traffic safety is an integral and high priority element of the project.
in
IRC:SP:55-2014
SECTION
in
Activity
Zone
Activity
Zone
activity is in
in
this
document.
Advance Warning
Zone
Advance Warning Zone is the section of the road in which the road
users are warned in advance about the presence of work zone ahead
and prepare them for the change in driving conditions.
Advance Warning
Length (AWL)
ahead
Alternate
One-Way
Operations
in
direction
help of flag
Approach
Longitudinal
Buffer (ALB)
One-Way Operations
Alternate
one
first
men
is
is
traffic
management
and then
for the
where
moving
practice
traffic
or traffic signal.
Approach
Transition
Zone
Approach Taper
Length (ATL)
the length
in
IRC:SP:55-2014
Authority
the legally responsible body for the provision of road and operation
of the road
11
Barricades
There could be
traffic.
[UdU dllU
lo Ualfcjyuiy UI
Barricades are
traffic
different authorities
depending on
damages.
Barriers
Buffer
Space
The
Buffer
ocL-'dl dlfcJb
area,
Built-up
Area
Channelization
Space
lilt;
IUI
beam
is
Idl
lateral
UdlllO IU W
1
UI
LI
lc
WUI l\ bpdUc
for
UI dl IUII
ItJI
UI Ibd
an errant vehicle.
Channelization
is
Channelizing
Devices
of traffic
movement paths
to help
They include
panels, drums, barricades, pavement
activities.
Cold Applied
Road Marking
Paint
Concessionaire
Concessionaire
is
Paint
is
who
Contractor
in
is
the person or
traffic
control devices.
IRC:SP:55-2014
Crash Impact
Attenuators
Crash worthiness
is
Delineators
minimum
traffic
visibility
Designer
Designer
is
and
critical
used
delineate and
reflectivity
control devices, to
occupants
injuries.
its
locations of the
traffic
management
for
work zone.
Detectable
Edging
Pedestrians
Detours
for
alternative
The
when
a section of road
traffic is totally
traffic, in
such case,
for pedestrians at
is
taken up
this
Direction
The
Indicator
Barricades
Diversion
Diversion
is
the
movement
traffic
one or both
temporary road constructed alongside the work zone, while the main
carriageway or bridge/culvert
is
Drums
is
for
segregating
delineating or channelizing;
traffic
for
of lightweight, flexible,
IRC:SP:55-2014
(ELB)
Exit Longitudinal
Buffer (ELB)
is
in
the
minimum
buffer distance to
be
end of
the actual end of work
The Flagman is the person who controls the traffic with Stop and Go
boards in one-way operation of the traffic in the work zone. He also
controls the movement of the construction vehicles in and out from the
Flagman
work space.
Flashing Warning
Beacons
draw the
lights,
Floodlights
Road
power
lights
in
control devices to
construction activities
whpn
rplativplw
used
Full
traffic
to illuminate the
traffir voli
area
imp
Road Closure
in
low
management
which a road is
completely closed for traffic temporarily for construction or maintenance.
Thic; pniilfi hp for <?hort tprnn or lonm tprm srtix/itv rpomirinn dptonr^
Full
Closures
The General
General public
and Communities
is traffic
practice
in
and
habitations along
System
carriageway) operating
traffic
one
of
one-way system
the
is
in
direction
opposing
is
traffic
Hand Paddles
traffic to
onprptinn
Hazard Markers
in
1 1
\-A
*LA
\Jt
1 1 I
*4
III
11
Hot
Thermoplastic
be applied
pavement
Paint
is
road markings.
for
marking the
IRC:SP:55-2014
Informatory Signs
Informatory Signs are the signs used to inform road users of the
movement through
Intermittent Closure
Closure
in
one or both
allow the
traffic
is
them
with to the
etc.
management
stopped
strategy
in
which
traffic
may be hazardous
for
traffic,
machinery,
Lanes Closure
is
directions
critical
to direct/guide
etc.
Lanes Closure is the operation in which one or more traffic lanes and
any adjacent shoulder are closed to traffic, in case of a multi-lane
highway, for carrying out the road works.
Lane
Constrictions
movement through
speed.
Lateral Buffer
Lateral Buffer
Space (LBS)
maintained
in
Space (LBS)
is
the
minimum
buffer distance to
be
traffic, i.e.
distance
of the carriageway
used by
of the
work area
constituting
permanent or temporary
used in work zones to make
Long term road works are stationary working zones, with traffic
devices in place, required to be there for more than 24 hours.
Low Speed
A low speed
limit of
control
50 kmph or
less.
Low Volume
relatively
Roads
vehicles per day, design speeds typically less than 50 kmph, and
corresponding geometry
Marshaling Torch
Marshaling Torch
is
with
10
IRC:SP:55-2014
Median
Crossover
tkio
Hi\/prQi<~n \A/ith
II IC UIVCIoIUII Willi
Mobile
Road
Works
hanncsli"7atirn
r
L/l Id
ICI IZ.d UUI
>
1 1
traffic control
move
continuously
will
devices and
New Jersey
New Jersey
Barrier
Barrier
damage
is
in
Normal
Regulatory Signs
prohibitory or regulatory
The shape,
anrl
i*j
en
Ordinary
Road
Marking Paint
i<ipH
Uocu
i
color
in vv/nrk
vvui i\
ii
in
nature for
scheme and
same as
that given
in
IRC:67
7nnp?
ico pJqh
diou.
c.yji
size are
this is
is
in
c
n rtl nprinr!
OlhIUI
JJCI IUU.
Portable Traffic
Signals
vehicular
movement
at
traffic
work zones
and
for short
construction period.
the devices
(made
LED based
Portable Variable
Portable Variable
Message Signs
messages in
work zones, pertinent to the on-going road works, conveying messages
like direction of diversion and also warning messages for approaching
matrix boards) with the
flexibility to
of
display a variety of
Ul VtJI o.
1
Priority
Signs
Priority signs
installed in a
work zone
where
Gears
Workers
Protective
for
traffic
control
is
priority of traffic
movement)
movement,
required.
11
IRC:SP:55-2014
the high
Reflective
Reflective Clothing
Clothing
retro-reflective material,
is
visibility
fluorescent clothing
made
of
work zone is
weather and light conditions.
in
Regulatory Signs
regulations to be adhered to
Segal validity that
in
Retro Reflective
Sheeting
back
to the
sign)
or
Road Operator
when
source (the
outside
Road Operator
driver,
is
ability of
whose
used
laws or
to indicate the
beam has
headlight
for signs to
traffic
be
fallen
light
on the
light is insufficient.
is
A Road
is
Road Studs
(RRPM)
raised
Pavement Markers
pavement markings to
Retro-Reflective
Road Users
installed
all
constituent
Road Workers
Road Workers
and involved
includes
in
and exposure
work zone,
all
workers present
in
or around the
work zone
management of works,
of surveying. Due to close
construction and
traffic
modes
to the
moving
kind
traffic in their
including
proximity
vulnerable to hazards.
Road Works
Road Works
include
all
activities for
Roll-up Signs
traffic
turn
will
activities that
likely to
be encountered, which
guide the
shall
traffic for
in
construction zones
be changeable and
shall
have provisions
Roll-up Signs
for fixing
on
different
Safety Auditor
Safety Auditor
project
Traffic
in
its
Management
12
!RC:SP:55-2014
Shadow
Vehicles
Shadow
moving trucks
fitted
physical protection to
traffic
Road
Short Term
Works
with attenuators
work zone.
devices
place, required to
in
be there
for less
control
in
good
visibility
adequate flood
traffic
Speed Breakers
attenuators
light.
Speed Breakers are the humps created for slowing down the traffic.
They shall be constructed with premix bituminous concrete and shall
oe as per me design sianuaras speciiiea sn mis aocumeni. Kumuie
strips are also
oiop/Kjo Doaros
Supervision
Supervision
to
Temporary
Control
Traffic
Zone
traffic
traffic
Traffic Control
irom ine
the normal
A Temporary Traffic
Temporary
traffic
to
Control
normal conditions.
Terminal
work zones
is
transition
in
and used
to
safe manner.
zone
in
which the
operations
Zone starts
or nagger ana exienas mrougn ine
Control Signals
Zone
manage
iirsi
last traffic
Transition
done by an expert
Temporary
in
Traffic
all
facilitating
Temporary
means
io
zone
be
normal
traffic will
to their
circular
curves.
Terminal Taper
Length (TTL)
which the
traffic is
terminal taper
accomplish
will
is
in
this.
13
rate of taper
adopted
to
IRC:SP:55-2014
Traffic
cones
Control
Devices
Traffic Control
used
to
managing
Traffic
Space
The
me
Traffic
Space
is
saieiy.
in
Transverse Bar
Marking
and also
to delineate the edge of a pavement where the space limitations do
not allow the use of larger devices. These could be reflectorised also
opposing lanes of road users, or
Typical
Construction
Layouts
as guide
in
commonly occurring/adopted
in this
Work Zone
Traffic
Management
Plans (WTMPs).
Vulnerable
Road
Users (VRUs)
in
and other non motorised vehicles, who are more exposed and
susceptible to road
Warning Sign
in
traffic
hazards.
The Warning Signs are the triangular signs with yellow background and
red border used to warn/caution the road users about the presence
of
of
Water-Filled
Barricades
and shapes, which can be filled with water, and are forgiving type.
They are generally made from frangible materials like rubber/plastic
and are in shape of crash barrier.
14
IRC:SP:55-2014
Work Space
is
and excluded from the use of road users and set aside
workers, equipment, and materials.
Work zone
Work zone
is
zone closed
for construction
utility
Work Zone
Work Zone
Direction
Information Sign
traffic into
is
announced by a
traffic
sign
is
Work Zone
Work Zone
Informatory Sign
about any
plan
shall
posted
traffic
sign,
where
the end of the work
and
to indicate
resumes from
is
the point
this point.
facility
traffic
management
in
letters/legends.
work
zones to convey general and specific messages by means of words or
symbols and are categorized as regulatory, warning and informatory/
basically temporary signs installed
in
guide signs.
Work zone
Regulatory Signs
Work zone
Warning Signs
the
specific
regulatory
in
and
work
15
in
IRC:SP:55-2014
SECTION
PRINCIPLES OF
3.1
Basic Principles of
WTMP
The basic safety principles governing the design of roadways should also govern the design
of Work Zones Traffic Management Plans (WTMPs). While designing the WTMP, all care
needs to be taken so that anyone coming along the road or the footpath from any direction
understands exactly what is happening and what is expected of him/her.
The aim should be to facilitate the passage of road users through such work zones using
roadway geometries, roadside features, and Traffic Control (TC) devices comparable to those
for normal highway operations. Thus, road user movement should be free from any hazard
with the following aspects
in
view:
if
lanes,
to
be
on
avoided.
Provisions should be
made
Bicyclists
in
Early coordination with officials having jurisdiction over the affected cross
streets,
plan
preparation
resistance.
If
16
IRC:SP:55-2014
Special attention
vehicle
Planning of
3.2
traffic in
may be needed
to regulate
and
control
heavy commercial
WTMP
of
WTMP
should be based on
some
of the
important
considerations.
3.2.1
Safety provisions governing the design of road works should be followed, and a detailed
control
traffic
stakeholders.
It
is
in
in
basic safety principles governing the design of permanent roadways, and should consider
the needs of
etc.).
well
all
road users (pedestrians, bicyclists, non motorized vehicles, cars and trucks,
In
is
necessary
users
in
advance
It
be encountered; guide road users through unusual sections of road; provide control
users at conflict points; and forgive road users' mistakes when accidents happen.
Minimize hindrance or delay
3.2.2
as
to
for
road
road users
and management plan must assume that drivers will reduce speeds if they
perceive a clear need to do so. A WTMP should be designed so that vehicles can reasonably
safely travel through the Temporary Traffic Control (TTC) zone with a speed reduction
is
appropriate for the location. However, whatever speed limit is chosen and implemented,
absolutely imperative that these are enforced. Experience has shown that to be effective and
to ensure they do not lose credibility with drivers, there must be a programme of enforcement.
Speed cameras are quite effective as they give drivers the opportunity to modify their behaviour
even if they speed past the first camera. The key consideration is to have the appropriate
speed for the prevailing conditions.
The
traffic
control
it
to
night work,
if
carefully
it
3.2.3
understanding of what
is
is
errors.
17
IRC:SP:55-2014
3.2.4
It
is
make sure that there is a roadside recovery area (clear zone), although
manage in some work zones, particularly for disabled vehicle and emergency
Road worker's vehicles and equipment should NOT be stored in this area, and
important to
difficult to
situations.
it
site.
Ensure that planners and decision makers have the necessary knowledge
3.2.5
Only those individuals who are trained in proper safe practices and have an understanding of
safe work zone principles should be permitted to plan and design TMPs.
Provide good public relations
3.2.6
Traffic
electronic
print,
Primary Features of
3.3
The
WTMP
maximum
material
work zones.
in
WTMP
should be given adequate attention for achieving
movement
in traffic
men and
of
in
in
advance
of
in
is
usable
for.
Provisions
for
continuity
effective
where
of
in
accessible
temporary
circulation
traffic
paths
management
for
plan
those
is
who have
opened
any new
necessary signs shall be in
to traffic,
all
place.
Access
to
travel
across intersections
18
disabilities
IRC:SP:55-2014
control
Traffic
temporary
traffic
removed
or covered.
As
in
movement and
to
when
Flagging procedures,
traffic
disabilities
should be considered.
traffic
are
separately explained.
Professionals who are knowledgeable, trained and/or certified
in
the principles
that
the
all traffic
traffic
management
in
traffic
traffic
carefully monitored
volumes,
light,
traffic
Coordination should be
management
made between
and
plan.
When
law enforcement
officials of
made
in
traffic
cooperation with
traffic
control zone.
identify
in
to
situations,
As
part of the
crane
WTMP,
facilities to
or clear
zones should be
tow away any disabled vehicle promptly from the work zone
area.
Only those professionals who are trained in proper traffic control practices
and have a basic understanding of the principles, established by applicable
standards and guidelines, including those of these guidelines, should
supervise the selection, placement, and maintenance of traffic control devices
used
for
work zones.
19
IRC:SP:55-2014
All
TC
longer needed.
When work
A WTMP
suspended
Traffic
they are no
no longer appropriate
3.4
is
when
shall
be removed or covered.
Management Plan
traffic control
traffic flow.
WTMPs may
typical
in
range
in
drawings contained
in
The degree
of detail
WTMPs
to simply referring to
to
in
the
be implemented.
(for
example,
and placement of
traffic
activities to
TMP
should be based on
engineering judgment.
3.5
The planning
WTMP in
Sn
Urban Areas
to
be carried
out,
more
attention
traffic
Road users should be channelized and routed through and around the area
under repair with minimum of delays. Driver behavior should be effectively
influenced so that the speeds are reduced to desired levels on approaches
to construction
coordinated
in
zones. The
traffic control
such a manner as
to
As pedestrians are
likely to
be present
buffer
20
at
activity.
urban construction
sites, there
barrier
IRC:SP:55-2014
Availability of
recommended speed
in
WTMP in
There are
five
Project Development
phases of
Planning Phase
To
and include
identify
of vehicles at the
the mind.
3.6
movement
Design Phase
To design the
control requirements,
work
Management Plan
in detail,
with regard
and layout
to types, location
Traffic
in
traffic
Implementation Phase
in
To
the temporary
Traffic
install
To remove
and
permanent
reinstate the
Management
To inspect the
in
all
21
to
control
devices safely
Plan.
Traffic
Management Plan
the temporary
traffic
traffic control
traffic
scheme.
IRC:SP:55-2014
SECTION 4
4.1
A work zone
space
for
is
makes
activities.
The presence
of
It
traffic
and works
first
traffic
the work
oscillating or strobe
lights installed
continues to
4.2
Elements of Temporary
The elements
of
Temporary
Traffic Control
Traffic Control
Approach
Activity
transition
Zone
Zone are
zone
zone
Suggested lengths for Temporary Traffic Control Zone for different speeds are given in
Table 4.1 and illustrated in Fig. 4.1. The normal posted speed of the highway shall be the
speed at the start of each traffic control zones. For example, the speed at the start of advance
warning zone shall be the approach speed of highway and length of the advance warning
length shall be chosen based on this approach speed. However, the speed to be considered
for taper rate or the radius of circular curve at the diversion shall be dictated by the geometric
properties of these elements, as traffic is expected to reduce the speed as they are adequately
warned through number of signs.
4.2.1
The "Advance Warning Zone" is the area to warn the road user of the approaching hazard
and to prepare them for the change in driving conditions. should provide information on:
It
The presence
by the distance
Any change
at
Work"
sign,
accompanied
to the hazard;
affecting traffic
of lanes and/or
"Men
in
22
'
'
IRC:SP:55-2014
o
CM
Exceptional
in
in
rz
i-
CD
Between
kilometers
in
Distance
CM
Desirable
Sites
CD
rz
CD
CD
o
o
rz
CO
CD
4
Work
'CD
Space
Varies**
rz
CD
rz
in
Buffer
Lateral
"O
in
meters
Minimum
LBS
Space
oo
CM
CM
CD
CO
CO
ZJ
in
_Q
CO
in
Space
Exit
dinal
Longitu-
meters
Minimum
Q)
0)
in
FLB
Buffer
o
CO
CL
o
CD
E
CO
X
Buffer
CO
CD
in
Approach
dinal
Longitu-
meters
Minimum
ALB
in
Buffer
o
CO
o
CD
o
o
rz
CD
CL
>
Z3
CD
Work
Zone
End"
Length
in
meters
-WEL
o
CD
uo
in
CO
m
CO
co
m 3
CO
o
CO
Case
of
Radius
Circular
Curves
in
meters
SR
O
OO
CD
o
in
2 3
o
o
CD
CM
-Q
in
<*
Shift
Length
o
"3-
oo
"J-
o
CD
CM
I
s-
CO
o
00
O O
<S
meters
Space
M
*in
o
CM
CM
o
CO
CD
CO
CM
in
(S2)
00
CM
CM
Examples
Including
CD
Lateral
Taper
Meters-TTL
Buffer
Zone/Length
in
Terminal
of
Rate
00
Taper
Transition
*
of
in
Space
00
O
CD
CM
o
oo
Z3
o
CM
+-'
O
CM
CD
O
o
1
1
1
including
Width
rz
CO
CM
CM
O
CO
CD
CO
rz
CO
CD
rz
00
T3
"a
o
N
O
Buffer
CD
CO
CM
in
CM
Length
Rate
of
in
in
oo
CO
Taper
o
CM
o
CM
Q-
CM
CD
~
CD M
CM
CO
Q,
CO
Distance
between
Minimum
two
successive
meters-d
Warning
(min.)
uo
in
o
00
o
o
CO
CO
CD
-
*1
in
O
CM
signs
=
CO
Zone/Length
CO
(Jl
i.e.
Advance
I
First
Sign
Advance
from
Oldl
Warning
Length-
AWL
o
oo
o
CM
Taper
o
in
CO
o
o
in
CD
rz
M
F
I
1100
CD
at
50
65
80
to
to
to
51
66
Start
100
Control
Zones
(kmph)
the
of
Up
23
to
&
=
CD
CD
a>
a
a
CD
81
120
rz
CO
rz
CD
rz
CD
O
E
E 2
o I
CD
Z3
CD
"
CO
_-
CD
-Q
to
101
CD
Traffic
Speed
III
Approach
CM
CL
o
m
Hazard
Q
CO
o
o
CO
CO
C
Example
O
5
Id
Meters-ATL
CD
_Q
CD
CO
rz
(S1)
Taper
CD
CD
CD
24
IRC:SP:55-2014
The type
(for
restriction);
of hazard etc.
The advance warning zone is where the reduction in speed of vehicles should be notified.
The drivers should be advised to reduce their speed so as to achieve the desired speed of
transition zone. The information in this zone is conveyed through a series of traffic signs
along the length of the zone. Typical distances for placement of advance warning signs for
various approach speeds are also given in Table 4.1.
Approach
4.2.2
transition
zone
zone is that section of highway where road users are redirected from their
normal path, where the regular traffic is guided to deviate from their normal path of travel
through this zone. Lateral shifting of moving vehicle from the normal pathway can be achieved
by strategic use of tapers or with circular curves.
The
transition
The
rate of taper
in
Table
4.1,
of taper,
and Approach Taper Length (ATL) for a few sample width are presented
where the speed reduction is expected from the approach speed at the start
and
it
is
If
diversion
is
radii
4.2.3
The
Activity
zone
Work Space
activity
takes place.
It
Space The
traffic
Buffer
expected
Space
the normal
space is the portion of the highway in which road users are routed
zone. This space should be determined and designed keeping in mind
to
The
traffic
traffic
is
move through
buffer
space
is
lateral
flow from the work space or an unsafe area, and might include
some
recovery space for an errant vehicle. Neither work activity nor storage of equipment, vehicles,
or material should occur within a buffer space. Buffer
The
either
may
space may be
activity
area
25
IRC:SP:55-2014
pavement-edge
drop-offs.
A lateral
buffer
for various
travel lanes,
Approach Longitudinal Buffer, Exit Longitudinal Buffer and Lateral Buffer Space are given in
Table 4.1 Placing of work zone at closer intervals will always be inconvenient for road users,
and hence the desirable distance between two work zones are given in Table 4.1 which may
be maintained, as far as possible. However, at unavoidable situations, the distances given for
exceptional cases can be adopted subject to the approval of competent authority.
.
4.2.4
In
The
rate of taper
presented
in
Table
for
shift
are
be already at lower
operating speed than on normal approach road. The lateral shifts by tapering and by circular
curves are presented in Fig. 4.1. Channelizing devices and/or pavement markings should be
used
to bring traffic
4.2.5
back
to the
normal path.
a speed
traffic
end
limit sign,
or other signs
may be used
normal operations.
26
if
posted.
sign,
can resume
IRC:SP:55-2014
SECTION
5
Traffic
Control
to regulate, warn, or
and normally placed on, over, or adjacent to a street, highway, pedestrian facility, or cycle track
by the engineer responsible for managing the traffic operations efficiently and safely in the
work zones. All traffic control devices used on street and highway construction, maintenance,
utility laying or repair, shall conform to the applicable provisions of these guidelines. Traffic
control devices are broadly classified into three categories, and these are discussed in the
following subsections.
Road Signs
Channelizing Devices
Lighting Devices
&
Variable
Road Signs
5.1
Work zone
Message Signs
in
messages by means
normal highway,
viz.
(i)
words or symbols
regulatory; (ii) warning; and
of
informatory/guide signs.
The construction zones require more signs than that being used for normal highway to convey
site conditions. The regulatory sign to be used in temporary traffic management plans are
subdivided as Normal Regulatory (NR) sign and Work zone Regulatory (WR) signs. Those
regulatory signs adopted directly from IRC:67-2012 are grouped under normal regulatory
and those regulatory signs specifically prepared and included in this guideline for
traffic management plan for work zones, are grouped under work zone regulatory signs. The
colour of normal regulatory signs will be same as that given in IRC:67-2012, whereas the
color of work zone regulatory signs shall be of white texts/arrows/borders on red background.
The warning signs are also classified as normal warning sign and work zone warning signs.
Normal Warning (NW) signs are those taken from IRC:67-201 2. In order to retain the familiarity
among the road users, the shape of the normal warning signs used in work zone shall be
triangular, but in yellow background for better conspicuity and to distinguish that the road
users are passing through the work zones. The Warning signs (WW) specifically meant for
work zone shall be rectangular shape with black text/legend/border in yellow background.
The informatory signs shall be either work zone Information Signs (IS) or temporary Direction
Signs (DS), and their color schemes shall be black texts/arrows/borders in yellow background.
Shape and color of the background plate to be followed for different categories of signs are
signs,
given
in
Fig. 5.1.
27
IRC:SP:55-2014
Shape
Colour
Category
As given
Normal Regulatory
(NR) Signs
in
Examples
Circular
IRC:67-2012
Regulatory/
Mandatory
Road
Closed
As given
in
Triangular
IRC:67-2012
Signs
but
in
yellow
background
(WW)
Black
&
Rectangular
Road
Works
Ahead
Yellow
Signs
&
Work Zone
Black
Yellow
Rectangular
Cycle
Track
Informatory
Signs
Work Zone
Black
Direction
on Signs (DS)
&
Rectangular
Yellow
N ehru Place
1
l
Fig. 5.1
all
Pattern of Signs
In
WTMP
5.1.1
For
roads works except on access controlled highway, the sheeting for ground mounted
signs to be used
in
III
5.1.2
Sign placement
Where
left
in
these
emphasis is needed, signs may be placed both on the left and right
sides of the roadway. The height and lateral clearance of temporary ground-mounted signs
guidelines.
special
28
IRC:SP:55-2014
in
Fig. 5.2
Table
5.1
&
Vertical
Clearance
Minimum (mm)
Desirable
(mm)
Maximum (mm)
1200
1800
2500
1000
2000
2500
300
600
1000
1500
1800
2100
2100
2100
2500
5000
G
In
2000
1800
2100
business, commercial, and residential districts where parking and/or bicycle or pedestrian
movement
likely to occur,
or
caused
in
their
no obstruction
is
movements.
may be
itself.
Signs
may
29
IRC:SP:55-2014
Fig. 5.3
on multiple
breakaway posts
shall
Design of signs
5. 1 .3
The design
Speed
of
Lower Case
Upper Case
75
105
45
Operation
Up
to
50 km/h
51
65 km/h
100
140
60
66
80 km/h
125
175
75
150
210
105
200
280
135
81-120 km/h
101-120 km/h
The Annexure
and Plate
III
Zone Regulatory
Signs,
be designed
shall
in
of
III
IRC:67-2012
for English
and arrows
Information Signs.
like
The
the
Work
sign boards
for the
location.
5.1 .4
The
Regulatory signs
work zones
in
specific regulatory sign. Regulatory signs are to instruct road users of traffic laws
or regulations
and
legibility
and emphasis
30
be
retro-reflective
IRC:SP:55-2014
of at least
Roads &
Grade Type
III,
i.e.
Bridges, Ministry of
internal or external
a Temporary Traffic Control (TTC) zone requires regulatory measures different from
those existing, the existing permanent regulatory devices shall be removed or covered and
If
shall
5.1.4.1
used only
and
It
be made
is
in
essential,
traffic authorities.
The Normal regulatory signs are the circular signs as prescribed in IRC:67-2012 and similarly
the color and shape pattern shall be the same as given in IRC:67-2012. The speed of the
road governs the size of the signs and they vary from 600 mm to 1200 mm as given in
Table 5.3. The 'STOP' and 'GIVE WAY' signs are the exceptions, where the height of an
octagonal 'STOP' sign shall be 750 mm, 900 mm, and 1200 mm respectively for an approach
speed of up to 50 kmph, 51 to 65 kmph and greater than 65 kmph. In the case of 'GIVEWAY'
sign, the one side shall be 600 mm, 900 mm, 1200 mm respectively for approach speed up
to 50 kmph, 51 to 80 kmph and greater than 80 kmph. The applications of normal regulatory
signs are presented in Fig. 5.4 with brief description about the usage of sign.
Table 5.3 Size of Circular Signs
Speed
Upto 65 kmph
66 - 80 kmph
81-100 kmph
> 100
kmph
Size
Small
600
Medium
750
Normal
900
Large
1200
management
shall
line
that
plan
STOP
danger.
will
not
cause
give
way
traffic
i.e.
is
to
must
yield to other
having the
way due
right of
road works.
sign
WAY
sign
Fig.
WZ.NR01
to
to slow down
when necessary
need
or stop
avoid
interfering
conflicting traffic.
31
with
Fig.
WZ.NR02
IRC:SP:55-2014
The
sign
shall
The signs
be
at
located
the
at
one-way
the
detour or
entry
street
traffic
due
to
to
Work
management
enter on account of
diversion
zone
plan
traffic
plan
Fig.
WZ.NR03
be where
forms a
T-junction with a two-way
road and traffic is required
to turn in one direction due
to road works
This sign
a
be located
shall
side
Fig.
WZ.NR04
Fig.
WZ.NR06
Fig.
WZ.NR08
Fig.
WZ.NR10
Fig.
WZ.NR12
be where
forms a
T-junction with a two-way
road and traffic is required
This sign
will
road
to turn in
to
Fig.
will
road
side
one
direction
due
road works
WZ.NR05
The
must
oncoming
way
give
The
to
prohibit
overtaking
to
vehicles.
in
be
installed
either
Hindi
or
way
vehicles'.
can
plate
Definition
written
or
'Give
written
oncoming
to
WZ.NR07
plate
definition
sign
Fig.
necessary
can
below the
If
in
in
be
English
regional
language as appropriate
The
to
The
parking
on
Fig.
WZ.NR09
The
for
vehicles
load
limit
road
lead to congestion
Fig.
WZ.NR11
exceeds a
a
in
or
construction
32
whose
axle
particular
temporary
structure
for
IRC:SP:55-2014
exceeding
length
The
Fig.
WZ.NR15
and also
diverted pathway
of taper
The
the
in
be taken on account of
work zone management
plan and the traffic to move
to
direction
Fig.
WZ.NR17
The
movement
to
WZ.NR19
the
to
the
installed
move
and
in right
sign
of
to
direction.
and
traffic
in left
to
direction
that are
taken
in
approximately
ahead
management
Fig.
be
temporary
to
traffic
WZ.NR20
sign
of
advance
50
m
respect
position
move
respect
with
position
lawfully
Fig.
the
indicate
The diversions
movement
the
installed
Fig.
indicate
signs
be taken on account of
work zone management
plan and traffic to move
ahead and left direction
to
signs
WZ.NR18
The
Fig.
be taken on account of
work zone management
plan and traffic to move
ahead and right direction
to
The
WZ.NR16
Ahead
Fig.
the
WZ.NR14
in
Fig.
The
construction
of
in
as the
that indicated
on
WZ.NR13
beyond
particular
activities
prohibited
is
account
Fig.
the indicated
due
traffic
plan
WZ.NR21
Fig.
WZ.NR22
Fig.
WZ.NR24
The
sign
in
to
temporary
management
of sign placed
works
traffic
diversion.
traffic
plan
Fig.
WZ.NR23
33
IRC:SP:55-2014
The
The
sign
of sign
works
traffic
diversion
sign shall
mean
only
traffic
due
to
to road
works
WZ.NR26
Fig.
WZ.NR28
indicate
shall
at
Fig.
which all
imposed
temporary
Fig.
Work zone
sign
point
prohibitions
traffic is
As mentioned
management in
due
the
management
5.1.4.2
side
traffic
This
that
either
WZ.NR25
are
pedestrians
vehicle
pass
diversion
Fig.
The
shows
sign
can
WZ.NR27
regulatory signs
earlier,
regulatory/mandatory
the
signs
required
for
temporary
traffic
grouped under work zone regulatory signs. These are to be installed for WTMP either to
regulate or to control. The design of work zone regulatory sign shall be done for speed
and font size as given in Section 5.1.3. Wherever required sign boards are to be designed
and installed in Hindi or in other regional languages. The application of different work zone
regulatory signs
is
presented
in
Fig. 5.5.
The sign
where a
Sign
is
to indicate that
road
opening
of works
of temporary
management
traffic
other
plan
the
to
is
be installed
pathway or
traffic
traffic
WTMP
only and
has
all
to follow
provided
for
them
Fig.
Fig.
WZ.WR01
34
WZ.WR02
IRC:SP:55-2014
The sign
is
so that
installed
approaching
shall
traffic
mandatorily to inform
is
It
opened
wrong way for them
apparently
kept
is
WRONG
WAY
on account of temporary
diversion and traffic shall
not enter into
way movement
WZ.WR03
The
be deflected
traffic
approach
vehicle
be reversed
WZ.WR05
WZ.WR06
The
direction.
be positioned
in such a way that head
beam from an approach
sign
Fig.
the
if
to the right of
shall
vehicle
the
with
is
approach
Fig.
sharp
in its
deflection
The
direction.
where the
to take a
direction.
shall
WZ.WR04
movement
The
arrow
deflection
to the right of
be positioned
in such a way that head
beam from an approach
sign
has
to
shall
is
Fig.
where the
TRAFFIC
CONTROL
AHEAD
it
Fig.
The
exists
control
that traffic
sign
better
for
with
the
sign
for
better
be
used
one
way
visibility
visibility
The
in
sign
movement
portable
wherein
when
through
signal
traffic
traffic
The
be used
one way
to
alternate
has
to wait
WHEN RED
LIGHT SHOWS
WAIT HERE
sign
to
alternate
in
movement
GO
with
control
STOP &
where
traffic
WZ.WR07
WHEN STOP
SIGN SHOWS
WAIT HERE
Fig.
WZ.WR08
Fig.
WZ.WR10
traffic
diversion at
is
be
such a way
installed.
positioned
in
to
where the
It
shall
is
shown.
be
direction
reversed
is
if it
to the right
approach direction. It
shall be positioned in such
of
of the
which arrow
The arrow
approaching vehicle
Fig.
WZ.WR09
from
an
in
the
beam
approaching
vehicle
35
IRC:SP:55-2014
Sign
to
that
indicate
can go up to
beyond which
totally
point,
Road Closed
For
EXIT
management
CLOSED
traffic
Thru Traffic
TT
be
will
it
blocked
Fig.
traffic
plan
WZ.WR11
WZ.WR12
Fig.
r
1
r-\
11
Sign to indicate that
exit
for
all
traffic
EXIT
Sign to permit
exit only
EXIT
CLOSED
ONLY
r
Fig.
WZ.WR13
Fig.
The
"STOP" board in
STOP and GO control in
a one lane-two directional
traffic control.
The sign
not
shall
used
unless
night
are
be
directly
When
STOP
illuminated.
a frame
is
used
it
directional
at
signs
the
to
shall
WZ.WR14
Fig.
WZ.WR15
The
control.
of both
in
traffic
STOP
and
GO
boards shall
across
the
be uniform
and
partial
neither
GO
illumination
sign
face
nor
intermittent illumination
Fig.
WZ.WR16
is
permitted
circular substrate
to
slow
SLOW
Fig.
The
overall size of
WZ.WR17
principles
IRC:67-2012.
36
for different
IRC:SP:55-2014
Table 5.4 Overall Size of
Figure
Upto 50 kmph
No
English
51 to 65
Hindi
English
kmph
66 to 80
kmph
English
Hindi
WZ.WR01
585
465
425
465
780
619
566
619
975
774
708
Fig.
WZ.WR02
597
463
717
465
795
617
956
619
994
771
1195
Fig.
WZ.WR03
589
368
451
368
785
490
601
490
982
613
752
Fig.
WZ.WR04
664
465
610
465
885
619
813
619
1107
774
1017
Fig.
WZ.WR05
1070
430 (Chevron)
Fig.
WZ.WR06
1600
430 (Chevron)
Fig.
WZ.WR07
906
465
795
465
1208
619
1059
619
1510
774
1324
Fig.
WZ.WR08
861
465
795
465
1148
619
1059
619
1435
774
1324
\ ft
f\ r\ r\
mm)
81 to 100
kmph
English
Hindi
Fig.
in
Hindi
774
1170
929
849
774
1193
926
1434
613
1178
735
902
774
1328
929
1220
929
774
1812
929
1589
929
774
1722
929
1589
929
879
939
964
750
964
x
x
x
x
Fig.
WZ.WR09
543
440
470
482
723
586
626
643
904
733
783
803
1085
Fig.
WZ.WR10
323
440
375
482
430
586
500
643
538
733
625
803
645
/n A A
WZ.WR11
739
424
933
424
985
565
1244
Fig.
WZ.WR12o
435
308
458
308
579
410
610
436
724
513
763
545
869
Ci
\A/"7
XA/DHO
WZ.VVKIo
537
327
477
327
716
436
635
436
895
545
794
545
1074
Fig.
WZ.WR14
417
327
477
327
556
436
635
436
695
545
794
545
834
Fig.
WZ.WR15
Fig.
WZ.WR16
600
(Circular)
750
(Circular)
900
(Circular)
1200
(Circular)
Fig.
WZ.WR17
600
(Circular)
750
(Circular)
900
(Circular)
1200
(Circular)
Fig.
i
* ft
\ ft
rig.
\ ft /
ij
\ ft /
,4
600 (Octagonal)
750 (Octagonal)
706
1555
706
1478
848
1866
615
654
654
735
848
915
654
953
654
953
654
1200 (Octagonal)
900 (Octagonal)
into
signs.
5.1.5.1
to highlight the
given
1232
565
879
929
Warning signs
5.1.5
The
929
in
Table
hazardous
5.5.
The
when used
situation in
is
explained
in
Fig. 5.6.
Speed
Size
Side (mm)
Border (mm)
Clear Visibility
Distance (m)
Upto 50 kmph
Small
600
45
45
51
65 kmph
Medium
750
60
60
66
80 kmph
Normal
900
70
60
kmph
Large
1200
90
90
> 80
37
IRC:SP:55-2014
WZ.NW01
Fig.
indicate
to
direction to
Sign
to
indicate
direction to
WZ.NW03
Sign
WZ.NW01
where first
work zone
is right
turn
in
traffic
Sign
to
control
WZ.NW06
to
management
a portal signal.
plan
WZ.NW08
merging
part
as
of temporary traffic
indicate
road
Sign to
suddenly
narrows
due
to
management
construction
Fig.
traffic
Fig.
from
Sign
Sign
traffic
WZ.NW07
in
WZ.NW03
Fig.
indicate
Sign
WZ.NW05
WZ.NW04
Fig.
in
in
Sign
change of
right in a work
zone
Fig.
Fig.
WZ.NW02
Fig.
change of
left in a work
zone
Fig.
to
Fig.
right is
plan
WZ.NW09
Fig.
Sign
indicate
pavement
width widens ahead in a
indicate
to
temporary
control
WZ.NW11
Sign
WZ.NW09
to
control
carriageway
carriageway
Fig.
steep ascent
more than 1 0% in a traffic
indicate
narrow
to
bridge
less
is
Fig.
Sign
traffic
WZ.NW10
to
road
in
work area
WZ.NW12
Sign
to
to
zone
in
traffic
control
Fig.
WZ.NW11
Fig.
38
WZ.NW12
IRC:SP:55-2014
Fig.
WZ.NW13
indicate that
Sign
left traffic
WZ.NW14
Fig.
to
lane
to
indicate
traffic
work
construction work
Fig.
WZ.NW15
Sign
WZ.NW13
Fig.
to
becomes
road
indicate
dual carriageway
in
WZ.NW16
indicate
a work
Sign
WZ.NW14
Fig.
WZ.NW16
Fig.
WZ.NW18
Fig.
WZ.NW20
Fig.
WZ.NW22
Fig.
WZ.NW24
to
in
a work zone
Fig.
Fig.
WZ.NW17
warn
crossing
Sign
Fig.
part of
ahead
is
to
as
Fig.
Fig.
WZ.NW21
that
one
Sign
(right
to
work
in
Fig.
WZ.NW20
warn
that
one
Sign
(right)
to
lane
WTMP
warn
Sign
WZ.NW17
way
two
that
movement
Sign
WZ.NW18
work zone
in
WZ.NW19
warn
WZ.NW15
to
Fig.
WZ.NW19
to
most)
Fig.
WZ.NW22
warn
that
one
Sign
(right
to
most)
lanes
lanes
Fig.
WZ.NW21
Fig.
WZ.NW24
should be displayed
Fig.
Fig.
becomes
road
undivided carriageway
zone
Fig.
right
Fig.
Sign
that
WZ.NW23
warn
to
be
that
shifted
carriageway
Sign
traffic
to
due
men
sign
when
machines are
working on the road or
to
has
or
adjacent to
other
it.
The
sign
to
"END"
WTMP
Fig.
WZ.NW23
shall
be provided
39
IRC:SP:55-2014
Fig.
warn
WZ.NW25
that
Sign
sudden
dip
WZ.NW26
to
Fig.
in
warn
speed
Sign
reduction
area
zones
Fig.
Fig.
WZ.NW27
Sign
to
a temporary
to
WZ.NW30
traffic
WZ.NW28
Fig.
WZ.NW32
control
Sign
to
movement
in
road
works
WZ.NW31
Sign
WZ.NW29
to
Fig.
WZ.NW33to
stop
WZ.NW32
Single
to indicate
Chevron
in
temporary diversion
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
in
in
Fig.
that
traffic
WZ.NW26
to
WZ.NW27
control
traffic
Sign
Fig.
zone
zone
Fig.
WZ.NW28
Fig.
Fig.
Sign
work
Fig.
WZ.NW29
to
WZ.NW25
Fig.
to
WZ.NW31
indicate
and go
traffic
Flagman in an alternate
one movement as part of
WTMP
Fig.
5.1.5.2
In
WZ.NW33
in
management
border/text
yellow background.
in
The
applications of
Fig. 5.7.
40
traffic
IRC:SP:55-2014
3TT^
Fig.
WZ.WW02 to
the
temporary
diversion
area
warning area
WZ.WW01
Fig.
to indicate
installed
and
in
indicate
traffic
can
be
the advance
Traffic
Diversion
Ahead
Fig.
Fig.
WZ.WW03 to
Fig.
WZ.WW01
indicate
Fig.
ahead due
works and can
be installed in advance
slow
to
of
traffic
road
WZ.WW04
one
traffic
warning area
to inform
due to
and can
advance
lane road
control
be installed at
warning area
One Lane
Road Ahead
Fig.
Fig.
WZ.WW02
WZ.WW04
WZ.WW03
tJ3T cfT7
~ 300
Fig.
WZ.WW05
the
closure
500
of
to inform
road
at
ahead
Fig.
WZ.WW06
to inform
the
Detour of
traffic
300
Detour
at
300m
ahead
Fig.
Fig.
WZ.WW05
41
aft
WZ.WW06
IRC:SP:55-2014
WZ.WW07
of blasting
zone
to
at
warn
500 m
Fig.
ahead
Fig.
WZ.WW09
as
supplementary plate and
shall be always with a
warning sign to inform
Fig.
depicted
sign
exists
500
aft
500 m
Fig.
that
WZ.WW11
at
through
closed
only
is
road
and
local
permitted to
traffic
move
forward
WZ.WW12
that at 10
Road Closed
10 km Ahead
bridge
and
local
km ahead
traffic
move
at the
of traffic control
zones
Fig.
WZ.WW15
the
through
end
End
Road Work
Fig.
WZ.WW13
Fig.
WZ.WW15
same
that
zone
in
the
42
post
fcfcx*$l
3TT3t
the
Bridge Closed
10 km Ahead
Local Traffic Only
is
WZ.WW12
as
plate
particular
to inform
traffic
only
WZ.WW10
10
forward
WZ.WW14
inform
km
Fig.
of
roadwork ends
to inform
WZ.WW11
to inform
km ahead
permitted to
Fig.
WZ.WW13
Icfodfl
the warning
in
supplementary
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
WZ.WW08
to inform
ahead
has been
as
WZ.WW09
km
10
Fig.
sign exists at
ahead
Fig.
Road Work
Next 5 km
WZ.WW10
Fig.
depicted
500
at
to inform
WZ.WW07
warning
the
in
WZ.WW08
roadwork
km or so
of
End
Fig.
WZ.WW14
IRC:SP:55-2014
work zone warning signs for different speeds are given in Table 5.6
and also can be done following design principles given in Annexure III and Plate III of
The
overall size of
IRC:67-2012.
Table 5.6 Overall Size of
Upto 50 kmph
Figure No.
English
Fig
WZ.WW01
WZ.WW02
Fig WZ.WW03
Fig WZ.WW04
Fig WZ.WW05
Fig WZ.WW06
Fig WZ.WW07
Fig WZ.WW08
Fig WZ.WW09
Fig WZ.WW10
Fig WZ.WW11
Fig WZ.WW12
Fig WZ.WW13
Fig WZ.WW14
Fig WZ.WW15
Fig
5.1.6
402
51 to 65
English
Hindi
424
445
424
613
440
510
431
424
509
686
307
450
448
536
424
817
423
575
706
327
424
446
327
804
506
424
644
kmph
66 to 80
565
593
586
679
565
679
915
410
442
424
599
327
598
552
424
307
888
327
440
214
473
336
214
473
kmph
English
Hindi
565
670
849
706
1225
706
849
706
862
512
1177
545
1372
746
898
847
931
897
654
1608
645
732
565
719
436
1144
565
621 x 565
749
706
776
436
1072
436
747
544
1340
675
565
736
565
844
706
920
859
410
1185
214
587
284
214
448
285
x
x
436 1074
631
285
631
285
512 1481
734
356
560
356
x
x
x
545
Hindi
English
804
1021
kmph
81 to 100
Hindi
565
mm)
741 x 706
706
* Height in
x
x
848
890
879 1018
847
1018
847
615 1413
654
847
847
1012
847
1104
847
544 1288
615 1777
654
706
789
356
789
356
880
427
627
427
946
427
946
427
991 x 424
1340
424 1321
565 1786
565 1651
706 2232
706 1981
847 2679
847
991 x 424
1340
424 1321
565 1786
565 1651
706 2232
706 1981
847 2679
847
644
307
778
327
859
410
1038
436 1074
512 1297
545 1288
615
654
313
214
473
214
417
285
631
549
424
494
732
659
427
565
285
569
421
915
356
789
706
824
356
625
711
1098
x
x
427
848
557
946
427
989
854
Informatory signs
The informatory signs for traffic management plans at work zone are also subdivided
Work zone informatory sign and Work zone direction signs for diversion/detour.
5.1.6.1
848
will
into
sign
facility
Fig. 5.8
Fig.
WZ.IS01
to
Work Zone
indicate
Informatory Sign
Fig.
WZ.IS02
to
warn
that
to walk.
due
Footpath
Fig.
to road work.
Footpath
Closed
WZ.IS01
Fig.
43
WZ.IS02
"
IRC:SP:55-2014
Fig. 5.8
Work Zone
Fig.
WZ.IS04
to
that
footpath
has
Fig.
may use
and they
inform
been
the
Footpath Closed
to cross
Fig.
as indicated by
The arrow can
the arrow.
be reversed
Footpath Closed
Ahead
also.
Cross Here
WZ.IS03
Fig.
Fig.
WZ.IS05
pedestrians
WZ.IS06 to inform of
cycle track and for a facility
to inform the
to
WZ.IS04
Fig.
proceed
Pedestrian
.J-"
Fig.
WZ.IS07
is
to forward
movement and
is
Fig.
WZ.IS05
Fig.
WZ.IS07
Fig.
WZ.IS06
to inform
that priority
traffic in
MS
opposite direction
expected
to
definition
plate
installed
written
yield.
can
be
'Priority
The
overall
in
work zones
for different
Figure No.
English
51 to 65
Hindi
English
kmph
66 to 80 kmph
English
Hindi
in
mm)
81 to 100
Hindi
English
kmph
Hindi
Fig
WZ.IS01
564
219
499
206
751 x 292
665
274
939
365
832
343
1127 x 438
998
Fig
WZ.IS02
559
327
510
327
745
436
679
436
932
545
849
545
1118 x 654
1019
654
Fig
WZ.IS03
934
424
1227
424 1245
565 1636
565 1557
706 2045
706 1868
848 2454
848
Fig
WZ.IS04
934
424
1000
424 1245
565 1333
565 1557
706 1667
706 1868
848 2000
848
Fig
WZ.IS05
608
337
561
350
811 x 449
748
466
1014
Fig
WZ.IS06
385
327
575
327
513
766
436
642
Fig
WZ.IS07
436
600
44
800
x 561
x
545
411
935
583
541
674
1122 x 699
958
545
770
654
1149
654
IRC:SP:55-2014
Work zone
5.1.6.2
The
to
be
designed and the design principles in Section 5.3 shall be followed. The shape of direction
information sign for temporary traffic management plan shall be rectangular and color shall
Fig.
WZ.DS01
inform
to
traffic
Fig.
WZ.DS02
end
of detour.
to inform of
oTrrj
3fcT
DETOUR
Fig.
END
DETOUR
WZ.DS01
Fig.
Fig.
WZ.DS03
to
inform
Fig.
WZ.DS04
to
inform
of pedestrians
due
to road
works
WZ.DS02
to take a
cJ5? 3TH7
ft
DETOUR
"i
Fig.
Fig.
to
WZ.DS05
to
WZ.DS03
inform
Fig.
location
Fig.
WZ.DS06
direction
traffic
is
bound
direction
traffic
Fig.
information that
Nehru Place
to destination
placed.
The
is
WZ.DS04
the
Fig.
WZ.DS06
shown, as part of
detour.
WZ.DS05
45
in
III
IRC:SP:55-2014
Table 5.8 Overall Size of Direction Information Signs (Length x Height
Upto 50 kmph
Figure No.
English
51 to 65
kmph
English
Hindi
66 to 80
kmph
English
Hindi
WZ.DS01
575
214
790
214
767
285
154
285
959
356
1317
Fig.
WZ.DS02
548
327
476
327
731 x 436
633
436
914
545
794
Fig.
WZ.DS03
538
439
808
424
717
586
1078
565
896
732
1347
Fig.
WZ.DS04
538
439
808
424
717
586
1078
565
896
732
1347
Fig.
WZ.DS05
161 x 539
1282x719 1282
719
1602
1602
Fig.
WZ.DS06
161 x 539
As per
899
mm)
81 to 100
Hindi
Fig.
in
kmph
English
Hindi
1150
427
1581 x 427
1096
654
952
706
1075
879
1917
847
706
1075
879
1617
847
899 1923
356
545
1078 1923
654
1078
actual design
Channelizing Devices
5.2
The
is
to
the roadway. Channelizing devices include cones, tubular markers, vertical panels, drums,
barricades,
studs.
facilitate
traffic
flow from
one lane to another, onto a bypass or detour, or into a narrower traveled way. They are also
used to separate vehicular traffic from the work space, pavement drop-offs, pedestrian or
shared-use paths, or opposing directions of vehicular traffic. Devices used to channelize
pedestrians shall be detectable to road users and visible to persons having low vision.
Where
shall
rails
with
no gaps between
be no higher than
50
individual barricades.
The bottom
of the bottom
If
rail
shall
normally used to channelize pedestrians, they shall be located such that there are no gaps
of the devices,
in
manner when
in
a predictable
pose any
significant
The
retro-reflective material
surface that
shall
day or night.
maintaining the channelizing devices to keep them clean, visible, and properly positioned at
all times. Devices that are damaged or have lost a significant amount of their retro-reflectivity
and effectiveness shall be replaced.
will
in
46
IRC:SP:55-2014
5.2.1
Traffic
cones
cones may be of the height of 500 mm, 750 mm and 1000 mm and of 300 to
500 mm in diameter or in a square shape. They shall be of brilliant red/orange/yellow and
shall be made of a material that can be struck without causing damage to the impacting
vehicle. Fig. 5.10 shows the traffic cones of 500 mm, 750 mm and 1000 mm.
Traffic
Fig.
For nighttime use, cones shall be retro-reflectorized or equipped with lighting devices for
maximum
visibility.
Retro-reflectorization of
cones
that are
750
to
1000
mm
height shall
in
mm wide white band located 75 to 100 mm from the top of the cone
and an additional 100 mm wide white band located approximately 50 mm below the 150 mm
band. Retro-reflectorization of cones that are more than 900 mm in height shall be provided
be provided by a 150
by horizontal, circumferential, alternating red and white retro-reflective stripes that are
100
to
150
mm wide.
Each cone
Any
exceed 75
mm
in
non-retro-reflective
to
Cones should
in
possibility of
the
same
direction,
sandbag
stability.
cones
rings that
Some cones
be kept
to the
in
work
individual devices.
Ballast should
for
filled
lanes,
traffic.
traffic
that
stripes
width.
or
stripes with
divide lanes
duration
when two
shall
47
in
Table
5.9.
to provide
added
application of traffic
!RC:SP:55-2014
Table 5.9 Application of Traffic Cones (Spacing)
Cones
Speed
Size
Upto 65 kmph
mm
750 mm
1000 mm
500
kmph
A minimum 300
The
in
Transition Area
Cones
in
Straight Portion
1.5
1.5
1.5
traffic
to the traffic
cones
traffic
5.2.2
a well-defined path.
Tubular markers
in
in
Fig. 5.11
same
the
direction,
Retrorefkctive
Band
Fig. 5.11
When
manner such
is
Tubular Markers
used,
it
shall
be attached
to the
pavement
in
48
is
presented
in
IRC:SP:55-2014
Table 5.10 Application (Spacing) of Tubular Markers Along the Running Direction"
Speed (kmph)
Between Two
Streams on Same
Traffic
Direction
mm)
66-100
mm
700 mm
> 100
N.A.
450
Upto 65
***
in
9
9
m
m
6
6
m
m
9
9
m
m
Not Applicable
situation
A minimum 300
Application
Between iwo
Opposite Streams of
where there
is
in
traffic
urban or
install
larger devices
in
and cyclist movements are there due to abutting roadside activities. If the traffic approaching
in one direction is required to be diverted into two different pathways, it can be used in
longitudinal direction along with traffic lane line marking. It is generally used where traffic
moves at relatively slow speed and traffic volume is relatively high.
Hazard markers
5.2.3
shall
450
300,
an angle of 45 degrees
traffic.
With
respect
or right
i.e.
in
to
downward
at
position
side hazard,
it
can be
of
traffic
for either
can pass
Hazard Markers
If
traffic
be Two Way
(TWHM). The one-way and two-way hazard markers
are shown in Fig. 5.12 and the placement of hazard
markers is presented in Fig. 5.13.
on both sides,
it
shall
Fig.
OHM
Right) & TWHM
&
Fig.
5.13 Application of
OHM
(Left
&
Right)
&
TWHM
Application
All
49
IRC:SP:55-2014
Drums
5.2.4
Any
non-retro-
will
Drums are highly visible and give the appearance of being formidable obstacles, and therefore,
command the respect of road users. They are portable enough to be shifted from place to
place within a work zone in order to accommodate changing conditions, but are generally
used
in
situations
where they
will
remain
in
Although drums are most commonly used to channelize or delineate traffic flow, they may
also be used alone or in groups to mark specific locations, including as crash attenuators.
Drums should
in
work
zones or along sidewalks unless they are continuous between individual devices. Drums
should not be weighted with sand, ballast, water, or any material to the extent that would
make them hazardous to road users or workers when struck. Ballast shall not be placed on
the top of a drum. Drums used in regions susceptible to freezing should have drain holes
in the bottom so that water will not accumulate and freeze causing a hazard, if struck by
traffic.
The
Drums are
5.2.5
ideal for
Barricades
along the
50
barrier.
to
be easily
IRC:SP:55-2014
relocated and have four specific functions such as
i)
Prevent
storage
ii)
traffic
to:
sites;
traffic
as well as construction
workers;
and
iii)
Separate two-way
iv)
traffic;
exposed
Barricades can be portable or permanent. Portable barricades should be stable under adverse
to
in
Fig. 5.16.
2.0
-2.5m
150
TYPE OF
SUPPORT
mm
200
300mm
VARIES
1
ill
TYPE
TYPE
BARRICADE
BARRICADE
II
1m min
variable
150
max
mm
^45
TYPE
Fig.
III
BARRICADE
51
200
300mm
II
IRC:SP:55-2014
1MMTHK.M.S SHEET
dimensions are
in
millimeters.
!SMC 75
ISA40X40X5MM
SMC 75
= 76.50 Kg
40X40X6
CONCRETE
= 0.648
ISA
=12.6Kg
=39.25 Kg
=2.16 SQM
52
IRC:SP:55-2014
Table 5.11 Characteristics and Dimensions of Barricades
Type/Component
Width of
Rail
200
mm
mm
300
200
mm
IV
Ill
II
300
mm
200
mm
300
mm
mm
2000
(Width of barricade)
Length of
Rail
2.0
2.5
1.0
1.2
min
variable max.
2550
mm
(Length of
barricade)
Width of Strip
150
mm
1.0- 1.5
Height of
Barricade
Type of Frame
Heavy
Flexibility
Essentially
'A'
150
1.0
Frame
Light
movable
'A'
mm
mm
150
1.5
Frame
Fixed,
Portable
150
2.15
Demountable
Essentially
mm
Fixed,
Permanent
Demountable
Essentially
Permanent
Retro-reflective
sheeting
Class B sheeting as
per IRC:67-2012.
II
Where the barricades extend entirely across the carriageway, the stripes
should slope downward towards the direction the traffic must turn in detour. Where both left
and right turns are provided for, the chevron stripes should slope downward in both directions
from the centre of the barricade. The entire area of chevrons should be reflectorised so as to
traffic is to
be
visible
pass.
Type or Type
barricades shall be used when traffic is redirected. These
barricades can be used inter-changeably and are more useful in repair work that is generally
initiated on emergency basis. The support should be of an "A" frame configuration or hinged
or otherwise flattened at the top to permit convenient folding and stacking for transportation.
Since these barricades are susceptible to overturning in wind, their stability can be improved
Application
II
through ballast.
Type
III
when
a road section
is
made
closed to
of
wood
traffic in
or metal.
These are
construction projects.
They may extend completely across a roadway and its shoulders or from kerb to kerb. Where
provision must be made for the access of construction and supervision vehicles, type III
barricades must be provided with a gate or moveable section that can be opened and/or
closed as required. Signs such as "ROAD CLOSED" and "DETOUR ARROWS" should be
erected on the fixed barricade.
Type IV barricade are to be used in road construction works of long duration, in urban areas.
They serve the purpose of screening and separation of traffic from work area but should not
be expected to provide much protection. Therefore, they should be installed at such locations
which should prevent all kinds of entry and exit by the road users/construction workers to
53
IRC:SP:55-2014
work space and also those works which are not intended to be seen by public, lest
distract the driving attention. These should not be used on roads/highways having high
volume and speed since they do not provide much protection when impacted.
it
can
traffic
5.2.6
900VM
Fig.
The
bottom
rail
shall
an angle of 45
The
mm and a
height of
The
stripes
on the
downward
at
be 100 mm wide.
be of size 600 x 300 mm. The bottom rail shall have
a length of 600
The
The
stripes shall
200 mm.
any associated
be crash
worthy.
Application
The
may be used
in
is
in
tapers, transitions,
necessary.
If
and other
series to direct the driver through the transition and into the
The New Jersey Barriers are 1 .5 m to 2.0 m long pre-cast reinforced concrete modular pieces
with shaped ends that can be interlocked and connected. Where the road works are to be
undertaken which would continue for some time or where the space is limited and there is a
need for the protection of the work force, particularly where the speed of passing traffic may
be high, New Jersey Barrier as shown in Fig. 5.18 may be used.
54
IRC:SP:55-2014
Fig.
Application
traffic,
where
New
traffic
Jersey barrier
moves
is
5.18
to
New Jersey
be used
Barrier
to barricade or
parallel to barricading.
It
is
intended to minimize
damage
in
case
any accident. New Jersey barrier shall be provided at location especially where there is
edge drop of more than 300 mm between the carriageway and adjacent strip of land as part
of work area. While installing barricade, the minimum clearance as shown in Fig. 5.19 shall
be kept at all time.
of
mm
expressways)
1
200mm
1070mm
50mm
255mm
75mm
820mm
Edge
Line
Fig.
5.2.8
Barricade
Water-filled barricades
55
IRC:SP:55-2014
These
portability is important.
on-site to provide a
filled
moderate
level of stability
and crash
protection.
These
barriers
can also be
with soil/sand, or concrete to produce a heavier barrier with greater crash protection, at
more experience
lanes and buffer zones to be employed,
where space
is
will
enable narrower
Fig.
They
0.5
shall
tall
traffic
is likely
to
until
be high.
be minimum 0.7
tall
for
Each unit shall come with interlocking devices for use on tangent/straight
and horizontal curves with mounting arrangement to fix devices for lighting.
It
is
traffic
It
shall
pedestrians
when
footpath
is
to
shall
for
56
IRC:SP:55-2014
5.2.9
at
and
ground
fixed
in
level to provide
walkway.
Sections of lumber interconnected and fixed
in
edge.
asphalt or concrete kerb.
In-situ
in
Continuous temporary
traffic barrier
placed along the edge of the sidewalk or walkway that provides a pedestrian
edging at ground
Chain
link
level.
rail.
Detectable pedestrian edging should be red or yellow and should match the color of the
may be
traffic
control devices,
if
referred.
5.2.10
Delineators
Delineators are generally combined with or are used to supplement other traffic control devices.
They
shall
(Fig. 5.10),
drums
(Fig. 5.14)
Spacing along roadway curves should be such that several delineators are always visible to
the driver. Delineators may be used in work zones to indicate the alignment of the roadway
and
Application
smooth geometry
to
guide the
traffic in
is
57
IRC:SP:55-2014
5.3
Pavement markings
Warning signs, channelizing devices and delineation shall be used to indicate required
is not possible to provide a clear path by pavement
road user paths in work zones where
markings. All pavement markings and devices used to delineate road user paths shall be
carefully reviewed during daytime and also during night time.
it
in
way that
Pavement
marking obliteration shall leave a minimum of pavement scars and shall remove old marking
material. Painting over existing pavement markings with black paint or spraying with asphalt
shall not be accepted as a substitute for removal or obliteration.
Road users should be provided pavement markings within a work zone comparable to the
pavement markings normally maintained along such roadways, particularly at either end of
the work zone.
The intended
in
day, night,
and
twilight periods
shall
Fig. 5.21.
Directional marking
Fig. 5.21
Pavement Markings
58
IRC:SP:55-2014
Road studs
5.3.1
be amber. Where
it
is
be reinforced with road studs and the color of the road studs
essentially required to divide the two streams of traffic, and
shall
be provided
at
.5
m to 9 m spacing.
Roads studs
shall
be used
acute temporary diversions to reinforce the temporary continuous marking and also where
contra-flow situation
shown
in
is
Fig.
5.4
Lighting Devices
5.4.1
Lighting devices
management
plan
Fig. 5.22.
Road Studs
used
traffic
@ 6m c/c
5.22 Placement of
be provided
in
Road Studs
Signs
for
warning
lights
When
should be
Four types of lighting devices are commonly used in work zones. They are
warning beacons, warning lights, and steady-burn electric lamps.
may be used
floodlights, flashing
5.4.2
Utility,
devices
to
Floodlights
maintenance, or construction
nighttime periods
when
vehicular
activities
traffic
IRC:SP:55-2014
Warning Lights
Rotating
When
nighttime work
is
Light
The adequacy
Amber
Desired illumination levels vary depending upon the nature of the task involved.
An average
horizontal luminance of
levels
216
lux.
5.4.3
traffic
warning beacon
shall
60
IRC:SP:55-2014
Warning
5.4.4
Type A, Type
B,
lights
When
or channelizing devices
in
warning
a manner
that,
maximum
lights
hit
if
lights
lights
will
not penetrate
Flashing warning lights shall not be used for delineation, as a series of flashers
fails to
Type
Type
warning
lights
approaching or proceeding
may be mounted on
in
used
to
a potentially
channelizing devices.
Type B high-intensity flashing warning lights are used to warn road users during both daylight
and nighttime hours that they are approaching a potentially hazardous area.
Type C steady-burn warning
during night time to
When used
may be
hit
5.4.5
to delineate a curve,
by the passing
Temporary
traffic.
traffic
control signals
Temporary traffic control signals used to control road user movements through work zones
and in other work zone situations shall meet the applicable provisions.
Temporary traffic control signals are typically used in work zones such as temporary haul road
crossings; temporary one-way operations along a one-lane, two-way highway; temporary
one-way operations on bridges, reversible lanes, and intersections.
One-lane, two-way vehicular
traffic
road users to clear the portion of the work zone controlled by the
Temporary
Temporary
traffic control
traffic
control
traffic
control signals.
may be
signals
portable or
61
IRC:SP:55-2014
control signals are preferable to other
means
of traffic control,
STOP
traffic
or
devices alone.
5.4.6
Portable variable
message signs
message signs shall be the devices with the flexibility to display a variety of messages.
Each message shall consist of either one or two phrases. A phrase shall consist of up to three
words of eight characters per word. The message to be conveyed should not exceed three
phrases displayed in three lines. Portable variable message signs have a wide variety of
applications in work zones including: roadway, lane, or ramp closures, crash or emergency
incident management, width restriction information, speed control or reductions, advisories
on work scheduling, road user management and diversion, warning of adverse conditions,
Portable
control.
of portable variable
Some
signs
in
work zones
is
to
a)
Where
b)
Where
significant
c)
d)
Where
e)
Where advance
f)
Where changes
in
The components
traffic is
expected
to
drop substantially;
in
roadway closures
is
needed;
of a portable variable
message
message
sign panel,
control systems, a
The
message
message signs should be visible from 800 m under both day and night
conditions. For a trailer or large truck mounted sign, the letter height should be a minimum
of 450 mm. For variable message signs mounted on service patrol trucks, the letter height
should be a minimum of 250 mm.
Portable variable
The message panel should have adjustable display rates (minimum of 3 seconds per phrase),
so that the entire message can be read at least twice at the posted speed, the off-peak
85th-percentile
speed
prior to
work
a)
b)
If
the
speed.
single thought.
in
line
should present
the problem, the center line should present the location or distance ahead,
line
62
IRC:SP:55-2014
c)
d)
When
e)
When
brief
as possible.
understood.
The message sign panel may vary in size. Smaller letter sizes may be used on a Portable
Variable Message sign mounted on a trailer or large truck provided that the message is
legible from at least 200 m, or mounted on a service patrol truck provided that the message
is
legible
control
system
message
Portable variable
up
above the
The
control
system
shall
be capable
of
when
failure of the
The mounting
truck shall
shall
continuous operation
to provide
unavailable.
is
message signs
for the
of portable variable
it
The
text of the
messages
message
their
speed, or to
The portable
highway.
variable
message
maximum
if
be removed;
if
5.4.7
be delineated with
if
Arrow boards
An arrow panel
63
IRC:SP:55-2014
An arrow panel
in
mode
An arrow
arrow panel
if
traffic
in
control devices.
or
situations involving
devices, or other
is
It
it
should be removed;
temporary
traffic
of
in
traffic
it
if
or,
traffic
if
practical, further
control devices.
not removed,
it
from
When
an
should be shielded;
control devices.
meet the minimum size, legibility distance, number of elements, and other
specifications shown in Table 5.12 and Fig. 5.24. Type 'A arrow panels are appropriate for
use on low-speed urban streets. Type 'B' arrow panels are appropriate for intermediatespeed facilities and for maintenance or mobile operations on high-speed roadways.
Type 'C arrow panels are intended to be used on high-speed, high-volume motor vehicle
traffic control projects. Type 'D' arrow panels are intended for use on authorized vehicles.
Arrow panels
shall
Panel Type
Minimum
Size
Minimum
Length x Width
Legibility
Distance
Minimum Number
Elements
0.8
km
12
1.2
km
13
mm
1500 x 750 mm
2400 x 1200 mm
1.6
km
15
None*
0.8
km
12
A
B
1200x600
of
Type A, B, and C arrow panels shall have solid rectangular appearances. AType D arrow panel
shall conform to the shape of the arrow. All arrow panels shall be finished in non-reflective
black. The arrow panel shall be mounted on a vehicle, a trailer, or other suitable support. The
minimum mounting height of an arrow panel should be 2.1 m from the roadway to the bottom
of the panel, except on vehicle-mounted panels, which should be as high as practical. A
vehicle-mounted arrow panel should be provided with remote controls. Arrow panel elements
shall be capable of at least a 50 percent dimming from full brilliance. The dimmed mode shall
be used for nighttime operation of arrow panels. Full brilliance should be used for daytime
operation of arrow panels. The arrow panel shall have suitable elements capable of the
various operating modes. The color presented by the elements shall be yellow.
64
IRC:SP:55-2014
Operating
I.
Mode
modes
shall
panel illustrated)
left is
similar)
be provided:
Flashing Arrow
Move/Merge Right
Sequential Arrow
Move/Merge Right
Sequential Chevron
l>]
Move/Merge Right
II.
shall
HE
be provided
Move/Merge Right or
III.
Left
5.24 Typical
Illustration of Arrow
Message
Guidance
an arrow panel consisting of a bulb matrix is used, the elements should be recess-mounted
or equipped with an upper hood of not less than 180 degrees.
If
The minimum element on-time shall be 50 percent for the flashing mode, with equal intervals
of 25 percent for each sequential phase. The flashing rate shall be not less than 25 and not
more than 40 flashes per minute.
An arrow panel
shall
a)
A Flashing Arrow,
b)
A flashing
c)
A flashing
Caution mode.
An arrow panel
in
mode
shall
For shoulder work, blocking the shoulder, for roadside work near the shoulder, or for temporarily
closing
65
shall
be used only
in
IRC:SP:55-2014
the caution mode. For a stationary lane closure, the arrow panel should be located on the
in
When
be used
Where
When
for
the shoulder
each closed
if
in
is
to close multiple
lane.
the
first
arrow panel
the
first
of the
is
in
the
at the
first
is
placed on the
downstream end
of
adequate separation from the work operation to allow for appropriate reaction by approaching
drivers. A vehicle displaying an arrow panel shall be equipped with high-intensity rotating,
flashing, oscillating, or strobe lights. Arrow panel(s) shall not be used to laterally shift traffic.
A portable Variable Message Sign (VMS) may be used to simulate an arrow panel display.
66
IRC:SP:55-2014
SECTION
6.1
Where
have
with
for
(VRUs)
VRUs
pedestrians, including differently abled persons and people with visual impairment,
to negotiate a
and directed
work
site or to
to suitably
site,
6.2
In
Guidance
proposing measures for devices for pedestrians, people of disabilities and for cyclists/
It
in
or sharp edges,
Scaffolding be
head room.
It
causing personal
is
marked
with white
bands
bump
into
objects
anything
eye
for
level
stick.
rumble
traffic
strip
speed
barricades
at
over or
fall
falling
injury.
not
will
shall prevail:
will
to
be
high.
be required
and
cyclists.
The
safety buffer
is
like
provided
in
If
water
filled
the carriageway,
if
If
be taken
Clear guidance must be given as to where they are expected to cross while
the works are ongoing.
6.3
&
Cyclist
Pedestrian barrier should be used to mark out any temporary footpath. Water
67
traffic,
filled
barricades
IRC:SP:55-2014
Fig. 6.1
Place warning
may
Space
lights at the
include mesh,
if
rail
visibility
rail
or
if
fixed at
separate must be
above ground
for detection
by
above ground
rail (for
blind
which
minimum
hand
of 0.9
level,
which
mm
fixed,
level. Visibility
1.2
barriers,
stick) of
maximum
and white
rail
traffic barriers;
min depth
height of
200
50
gives a
and
mm with a
mm above the
ground.
When covers are required to be removed from underground chambers or manholes, a flag
man shall always be there, and also a barrier with a handrail fixed no lower than 0.8 m above
ground
level will
be
to
enclose the
opening. Pedestrian barrier can be used to block and to redirect the pedestrian movement,
and
plastic
given
in
mesh
Fig. 6.2.
barrier
The
illustration of
how
to put
them
into practices is
shown
activity
in
area as
Fig. 6.3.
68
IRC:SP:55-2014
or
new roads
to inhibit access,
if
road
is
closed to
traffic
pedestrian
deep excavations
movement
is
or steep falls
expected.
Mesh
Pedestrian Barrier
barrier
Fig. 6.3
6.4
An
Works on Footpath
Examples of
Alternative
Installations
Way for
Pedestrians
69
IRC:SP:55-2014
temporary footpath
is
in
provided with signs. The lateral safety buffer clearance(s) must be on the
pedestrian barriers.
in
traffic
side of the
is
blocked.
Works on Footpath
Fig. 6.4
In
Alternative
but
if
children
6.5
and
may be
acceptable
in
some
quiet roads,
must be taken
into
account.
Most desirable speed reduction shall be by enforcement system using radar speed gun
for violation of posted speed limit at the work zone. In urban roads and highways passing
through urban areas, physical measures like speed breaker or raised rumble strip markings
may be adopted. But they must be located after a careful assessment of the needs and most
appropriate location. Such installation of speed breaker must be with adequate warning signs
on approaches and proper lighting of the area for clear conspicuity of the speed breaker to
approaching vehicles.
be exercised
The
to
shown
m to 9.5 m.
in
will
raised rumble strip markings using thermo plastic paint or mastic sheets can be used
both directions of
first
traffic,
application can be of
as shown
in
Fig. 6.6.
70
IRC:SP:55-2014
Fig. 6.5
Speed Breakers
for
FOOTPATH
FOOTPATH
i ...
FOOTPATH
'
FOOTPATH
SECTION AA
Fig. 6.6
shall
Raised Rumble
Strip
Markings
71
at sites.
..
IRC:SP:55-2014
SECTION
To manage the
Common
traffic
planning of
number
is
crucial to
Alternate
7.1
The Alternate One-way operations can be put in place on a two lane bi-directional road;
however this approach is suitable for very low volume roads. While one lane of travel is
taken up with construction activities, the remaining lane is alternately used to accommodate
traffic travelling in opposite direction. This strategy is generally limited to low volume roads,
and requires at least two flaggers, or temporary
'Go' arrangement of traffic.
Different traffic control
When
methods employed
Priority sign
"STOP/GO" boards
Portable
traffic in
traffic
traffic lights to
one-way operation
for alternate
and
are:
or flags
signals
movements from
one-way movement
each end
shall
Table
7.1
Choice of
Maximum Speed
Traffic Control
Methods
(kmph)
50
Traffic Control
Methods
Limit
Transition
50
Zone (m)
(max)
Traffic
Flow
400 veh/hour
20 commercial
vehicle/hour
"STOP/GO" boards
or
80
60
Priority sign
(max)
100
60
flags
200
300
400
500
Portable Traffic Signal
60
300
72
m
m
m
m
m
(max)
850 veh/hour
1400veh/hr
1250 veh/hr
1050 veh/hr
950 veh/hr
850 veh/hr
No
limit
IRC:SP:55-2014
Traffic control
7.1.1
volume of traffic
apply:
Total
two-way
traffic
400 veh/hour;
Speed
limit is
50 km/h or less
is
not
Drivers approaching from either direction can see both ends of the
Fig. 7.1
7.1.2
Traffic control
site.
Traffic Control
by priority signs
difficulties of
traffic
by
priority
effective.
conditions apply:
\
i
Hh
Fig. 7.2 Traffic Control
Total
two-way
traffic
Priority
by
Signs
850 veh/hour
end
of the exit
IRC:SP:55-2014
Drivers approaching from either direction can see through the site from a
60
point
zone (coned
area), for
70
Indian conditions,
distances are
visibility
on 60 km/h roads;
point
its
Priority
use
is
not
this
speed
limit.
recommended on
must be given
to either:
The unobstructed
vehicle lane; or
7.1 .3
by stop/go boards
Table 7.2
Site
Source
7.1 .4
Maximum
Traffic
Length (m)
Vehicles/hour
Vehicles/3 minutes
100
1400
70
200
1250
63
300
1050
53
400
950
47
500
850
42
Safety at Street
Traffic control
a)
traffic
signals
when
b)
by portable
U.K., 2001.
the lights
change
traffic
to green.
traffic
traffic within
50
of a
may cause
road traffic to block back to a level crossing, railway management must
be consulted before work starts. The solution will probably be to move the
If
it
is
traffic
control to a point
74
IRC:SP:55-2014
SUET
OIJJEJl
aV3HV
10M1NO0
OV3HV
oiddvai
iohjlnoo
r
u>nc
3.3H 1IVM
SMdHS NDIS
dOiS N1HM
I
T
3U3H 1IVM
09
'0
SMOHS JLH9H
aaa N3HM
dOlS lenuew
C/)
"O
1_
CD
O
CD
O
O
-4
CO
c
o
O
o
CO
Manual STOP or
GO
ul
Im
^T3TT3
IT?
'
LIGHT SHOWS
WAIT HERE
WHEN STOP
SIGN SHOWS
WAIT HERE
an^t
\l
WHEN RED
a3
i
3^
TRAFFIC
CONTROL
AHEAD
TTT
4m
75
IRC:SP:55-2014
d)
The road
e)
The
authority
signal timings
As back
in
Traffic
Detours
7.2
When
construction/improvement, to an alternative
rapidly.
traffic is
traffic route,
(i.e.,
traffic totally
applied for
all
categories of
7.3
The
traffic
Diversions
one or both directions is routed onto a temporary road constructed around the
work zone and reconnected with the permanent infrastructure of the designated route. This
provides positive separation between traffic and the work zone. Diversions can carry oneway or two-way traffic. This is especially useful in construction of bridges and culverts. The
Fig. 7.6 shows a temporary road for culvert construction.
7.4
traffic in
Full
Road Closures
Although dramatic,
this strategy,
if
work time such that the full closure is actually better in terms of delay. This can be effective
and successful on road strategies with low, medium or high volume traffic. If a full road
closure is chosen, whether it be short term or long term, the need for detours, as discussed
above, must be weighed against the safety and operational benefits of the full road closure.
in
7.5
Intermittent Closures
76
77
!RC:SP:55-2014
peaiiv
UOISJdAIQ
Ajejodiuai
aasoio
OV3HV
avoa
C
o
w
l_
>
3NOZ>WOM
O
Q.
CO
ROAD
AHEAD
CLOSED
X
Temporary
Diversion
Ahead
IRC:SP:55-2014
Lane Closures
7.6
In this
one or more
strategy
When
7.7
traffic
on
barriers should
be adopted
traffic
if
Lane Constrictions
one or more
be
adopted when maintaining traffic with less than desirable travel lane width is preferable to
other alternatives. This can raise safety concerns, and therefore, reduced speeds are critical
for this strategy to
7.8
7.7.
Median Crossovers
This strategy
is
two-way traffic
implement this strategy including.
Routing
traffic
in
one
in
direction
across
the
median
to
the
opposite
carriageway;
Maintaining two-way
carriageway
Substantial separation of
is
traffic
direction
closed.
traffic
is
provided by
this
strategy and
While designing curves for median cross over, the radius given for various approach speed
in
shown
is
Speed
Up
(kmph)
30
20
31 to 50
30
51 to 65
90
66
165
to
to
80
81 to 100
250
101 to 120
400
79
well
as
IRC:SP:55-2014
D
1
Z
5
80
3
I
Z
5
IRC:SP:55-2014
81
IRC:SP:55-2014
7.9
In
may
is
used as a temporary
traffic
pavement structures
to adequately support expected traffic loads. This strategy uses existing roadway width to
compensate for the capacity lost by closing a permanent travel lane and can be adopted
on facilities such as divided multilane, un-divided multilane and two-lane highway (Refer
Fig. 7.9). The existence, proximity, and nature of roadside features (e.g., bridge piers) should
lane.
This strategy
be considered
in
assessing
this strategy.
Fig. 7.9
7.10
In
many
Night Construction
situations night construction
may be
preferred as the
volume
of traffic
is
generally
lower and conflicts are minimized. Consideration must be given to the effect of night operations
on the surrounding environment as well as the workers. Further, even if the work occurs
night, a lane or lanes may need to remain closed during higher traffic times.
7.11
at
of
82
in
Table
7.4.
IRC:SP:55-2014
1)
Summary
Strategy
S.No.
Alternate
one-way Mitigates
operations
for
Detours
Reroutes
Diversions
onto Flexible:
Vdl Ico
luuifcjo/
Ul
Ut/fJGl IUII iy
improvements
the network.
lUdUWdy
aUJdUcMIL
UUI
LU
Full
road closures
uoiuuitsu iuulc;
1,
lay icLjuiic
safety.
from Cost
traffic
UULIUI
loll
impact on
to
and
temporary Separates
Provides
construction.
4)
may be
substantial.
tJUUUcU
traffic.
Closes the
facility to all
UdlllL>
cAp'oUIlt^U
IU1
traffic
dvdlldUlt;.
route.
3)
Requires stopping of
facility.
traffic
facilities of
flexible
of several
cxibiiny
uiiici
or
full
UocU
Idllcb.
Disadvantages
Advantages
closure
intermittent
Strategies
bjJfcLJ IfcU
1
UUI
separates
duration.
Doll
UULIUI
traffic
1,
II
traffic
DjJdULo.
from
construction.
5)
Intermittent
OlUbUI ob
Stop traffic
nor IUU
nn
pel
for a
short Flexible
UUol.
activities
for
r*r\nn
n lotoH
UUI IjJIoLUU
1
in
II
short time.
6)
Lane closures
one
Closes
Udvcl
more Maintains
or
Idllcb.
idiiiy
service
at
temporary
barriers
11
Reduces
in\//~J\/o
IIIVUIVc
may
capacity:
traffic
UdlllO
rlr\co
t_>IUbo
t/~i
IU
omitted.
7)
Lane constrictions
Reduces
trcn/ofloH
lldvcllcU
width
of
\a/o\/
number
Maximizes
udvcl
Wdy.
Idllcb.
8)
costly;
Median crossovers Maintains two-way traffic Separates traffic from Relatively
on
one
carriageway construction: right of way interchanges need special
01
norriidiiy
uiviocu not
dUcNUUII.
ictjUirccj.
highway.
9)
Use
of shoulder as
a travel lane
Uses
shoulder
travel lane.
as
may
be problematic.
10)
Night Construction
Move work
activities to
Lower
lower
traffic
traffic
volume or Higher
impacts.
agency
cost;
83
IRC:SP:55-2014
SECTION
8.1
it
is
each
of
in
and
must be
be compromised.
of that party including funding of the provisions. All the necessary responsibilities
assigned and completed without which the safety of the work zone
will
issues of
who must do
what and when! Furthermore, these concepts allow to clearly defining where the
responsibility
By
lies,
and assists
8.2
Critical
in
Critical
players
in
and
responsibilities
addresses the
critical
ensuring that important safety issues are not overlooked at any time.
Players or Stakeholders
activities are:
Road
Road Operator
Designers
Concessionaire
Contractor
Local Police
Road User
General Public/Communities
Authority
PPP
in
projects
8.2.1
Road authority
The Road
makers must
responsible
work
zone
planning
and
design
from
transportation
professionals;
Political
in
safe behaviour within the work zone from the workers; and
is
travelling public.
and enforcement
of standards
road works, otherwise, even the best designs and plans cannot logically provide for the
84
IRC:SP:55-2014
Road
8.2.2
Road operator
The road operator must insist that the legal and safety requirements, standards and
regulations for work zone safety that have been established by the authorities are complied
in letter and spirit. The Road Operator shall ensure that Work zone Traffic Management Plan
has been prepared before taking up the work of building and or improving the road and being
implemented effectively. If necessary, the road operator may demand additional requirements
that should be in writing and publicly available. These additional demands regarding safety
and traffic management issues include:
Maximum
level
like
determining
environment);
(depending on the
in
if
a bypass
is
minimum requirements
or condition for
needed; and
Requirements for the roadway that will be used for detour (including design
and pavement standards and capacity requirements to ensure that safety is
not compromised).
PPP
in
(for
projects) as the
are planned.
85
IRC:SP:55-2014
demonstrates clear
Project director/in-charge
8.2.3
The
risks, or
to the
The
Project Director
its
implementation
may
He would review
WTMP
effectively.
and
social aspects.
Designer
8.2.4
of (and,
if
appropriate, certification
is
to include
in)
all
alert the
The designer
be responsible for ensuring that all technical solutions are described and
can be implemented in accordance with the appropriate laws and standards. The designer
will be the legally responsible party for the work zone layouts. The designer must:
will
Gather
all
necessary information on
traffic
volume,
traffic
mix,
and types of
Understand technical elements of the site of the work zone, as well as roads
that might be used for detours/diversions/bypasses;
Coordinate and
Consider road signs and markings, including existing permanent signs that
might need to be removed or covered as well as to provide necessary work
zone
manage
detours;
signs;
Harmonize the technical and scheduling aspects of the work zone with regard
to implementing, managing and removing the work zone; and
Identify the
necessary
lighting of the
considered.
86
work zone,
if
night
IRC:SP:55-2014
The designer should develop a work zone that allows emergency vehicles sufficient access
and passage of transit vehicles. If a road is closed and emergency vehicles must use a
detour, the designer should provide that information
writing.
in
advance before detours are established so that they can plan their
trips and stops. The designer is likely to take on the responsibility of participating in public
hearings or community outreach meetings to explain the work zone to the community.
should be informed
in
8.2.5
shall
at
its
Road
Authority,
in
the
traffic
field
audit
non-compliance of approved
control devices
will
come up
have
with
for
On
may
to the
be.
The
recommendations
WTMPs.
Since the
direct
Traffic
without
Work zone
will
the
in
will
shall
be complied
the other hand, the road safety auditor shall be liable for any irresponsible
approved
report,
at the time of
which are
design of
illogical
WTMP.
Contractor
8.2.6
Contractor has a contract with the road operator to execute the work zone and conduct the
work.
He
is
WTMP
and
designer to
ensure that they understand how the work zone should be set up and operated over the
course of the works.
If
the contractor
must
is
not qualified to
install,
which
is
remove
activities.
An expert on safety or an engineer trained on work zone safety from a qualified company
should be named to implement the work zone, including installing, operating, maintaining
and removing the work zone. The work zone must be checked daily (or more frequently, if
necessary) to ensure
ensure that
all
it
workers and
staff
to
damaged
is
and
train the
7).
87
IRC:SP:55-2014
traffic
8.2.7
For
PPP
projects, the
in
Agreement
(for
and
the Concession Agreement, during the design, development, construction, operation and
maintenance. He shall ensure that safety of road users and workers remains the paramount
consideration
in
For
PPP
projects, the
management
plan
(WTMP)
with
all
traffic control
Concession Agreement
for
temporary
traffic
8.2.8
He should have
the contractor) to
that safety
He
will
responsibility to the
it
needs are
realized.
to
ensure that
it
is
and other
WTMP and
It
is
It
is
is
deficient,
He should
make
in
particular
Local police
if
all
in
strictly
WTMP. The
enforced.
control for
IRC:SP:55-2014
Road user
All
to
little
in
moving vehicles that are travelling past their place of work. They should drive in such caution
that they do not pose a threat to other traffic or to workers. Drivers should be educated about
the risks of travelling in work zones and fully informed that safe driving behaviors will be
strictly enforced by the police. They shall respect and observe any restriction, especially for
speeds.
8.2.10
General public/community
The community has a responsibility to participate in public hearings and be informed about
work zones, detours, and possible transportation options. As they have the best knowledge of
their environment, they can contribute to improve work zone safety by providing information
about the
89
IRC:SP:55-2014
SECTION
9.1
Many
in
advisable to deploy the specific and assigned personnel for controlling the
traffic
it
is
during the
Deployment of Flagman
The flagmen
Workers or equipment
One
The flagman
lane
is
used
for
intermittently block
two direction of
an unprotected
lane
traffic
traffic
traffic is
considered necessary
and gloves for their protection and for conspicuity, while flagging.
Warning garments worn at night must be of reflective material. Flags for signaling shall be
minimum 600 mm x 600 mm in size and made of good red cloth and securely fastened to a
staff of approximately 1 m in length. Sign paddles should be at least 600 mm wide provided
with a rigid handle. The background color of STOP should be red and its shape shall be
octagonal conforming to IRC:67-2012. The word STOP would be in white colour. Similarly,
the background of SLOW sign should be yellow with black letters, and the GO sign shall be
with green background with white letters.
safety headgear, footwear
The
a)
600
mm
600
flags,
mm should
be used with
Since,
is
if
used
in
red, yellow
for safety of
daytime usage.
sites are
traffic
expected
The flagmen
and
to maintain
approaching
traffic for
all
at the
it
work
continuous
workmen. For
90
IRC:SP:55-2014
site.
and
This distance
to permit traffic to
is
however 60 m to
this distance shall be reduced to 20 m to 50 m. The use of sign paddle is
illustrated in Fig. 9.1. Other modern method is Marshalling torches as shown
in Fig. 9.2, and are
and
i)
site conditions;
ii)
To
LED
bulbs.
warning
provide
or rechargeable
signal
for
impending
hazard
or
danger on
Fig. 9.1
Fig. 9.2
9.3
In
Marshalling Torch
Reflective Clothing
all
wear high visibility fluorescent clothing with retro-reflective material, so that their presence
conspicuous from a distance of even 100 m. Clothing may be in form of vests, T-shirts,
shall
is
91
IRC:SP:55-2014
and raincoats etc., depending upon weather conditions and ease of usage.
The suggested colour to be used for the safety jackets shall be as given in Tabie 9.1
jackets, pants
User
Workers exposed
Red
to traffic
Orange
Orange
Yellow
visiting
higher
officials
The
9.4
Roll
Up Signs
construction work zones to guide the
in
traffic
IRC:67-2012.
a)
Mounting of the
roll
The
shall
roll
up sign
Mounting of the
roll
on the
have necessary attachments to mount
work zone maintenance vehicles. The back support ribs shall have dual
lock high bonding tapes; mechanical fastening or snap fit clips or attached
magnets. The receiving part of dual lock tape, clips or metallic attachment
shall be pasted on the vehicle surface where the roll up sign needs to be
The
roll
up signs
shall
it
mounted.
The
sign mounting
mechanism
the vehicle.
92
weight and
movement
of
IRC:SP:55-2014
c)
up sign on barricades
Mounting of the
roll
The
The
shall
roll
up signs
ribs at the
shall
to
mount
it
on Barricades.
ribs of the
Temporary
Fig. 9.3
up signs. Shown
in
Fig. 9.3.
Rollup Stand
&
Roll
up Stand
9.5
All
Installation of
roll
shall
wear
their protection.
falling
The
traffic
or
equipment
in
injury.
It
shall
anchorages, comfortable
wearing and shall meet the requirements of Bureau of Indian Standards (IS:2925). The
safety
shoes or boots
done and provide comfortable wearing without giving any hindrance in the
expected tasks. The work gloves shall provide protection against any personal injury that
could be caused by the activities to be performed and comfort in wearing without giving any
hindrance in the expected tasks. If the worker is to be exposed to dust in the work zone, he
shall have respiratory protection by dust mask meeting the requirements of IS:9473-2008.
Depending upon the task, workers engaged in welding operations shall have eye protection
93
EN 175
IRC:SP:55-2014
Fig. 9.4
Illustrative
Safety Jacket,
94
for
Workers
IRC:SP:55-2014
SECTION
10
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
Introduction
10.1
Some typical construction scenarios are presented in the section to serve as guide in preparing
Work Zone Traffic Management Plans (WTMPs). The signs, markings and traffic
devices shown herein are indicative only and more are required to be added to cater
site specific
control
to the specific
WTMPs
and
if
likely to
use.
Highway and
Traffic
Engineers
may be sought
for this.
10.2
Typical Layouts
Following
commonly
in
only ones.
Fig. 10.1
Two Lane
10.2
Two Lane
Fig.
to
to
(Shifting of Traffic
from
One Carriageway
to
Other)
Fig.
10.3
Two Lane
to
Fig.
10.4
Two Lane
to
Fig.
10.5
2-Lane
Fig.
10.6
Four Lane
to
Fig.
10.7
Four Lane
to Six
Fig.
10.8
to
Shoulders
Fig.
10.9
Shoulders
Fig.
10.10
Fig. 10.11
Temporary Diversion
Roadwork
in
for Reconstruction of
Junction Area
Fig.
10.12
Work
Fig.
10.13
One
Fig.
10.14
Road Work
Fig.
10.15
Fig.
10.16
Fig.
10.17
Fig.
10.18
at
CD Works
Center of Carriageway
Work
at the
Centre of Road
with Detour/Bypassing
95
of
Expressway
to
2-Lane with
IRC:SP:55-2014
Fig.
10.19
Road Work
at the
Centre of a Junction
Fig.
10.20
Road Work
at the
Fig. 10.21
Road Work
at
Roundabout
Fig.
10.22
Road Works
Fig.
10.23
Hard Shoulder
Fig.
10.24
Fig.
10.25
Roadwork
Fig.
10.26
Roadwork
Fig.
10.27
Fig.
10.28
Stage-1
at Level
in
with
Traffic
& Shadow
Vehicle
Road Junction
to a
Cloverleaf
Interchange
Fig.
10.29
96
to
a Cloverleaf
>
IRC:SP:55-2014
>..
to
.'
CD
m ID
o
O
to
CD
CD
f ,
CO
to
r--
Meter
o
in
o
o
o
CO
(N
Q
CO
o>
CD
CD
Distance
o o
o o CM
to
Si
to
O o
o
O
CO
CO
o>
Speed (kmph)
T3
CD
.E
O
2
S?o
50
65
80
o
o
to
to
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123
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Fig.
APPLICATION
In
the
first
stage of the development of a heavy trafficked major road junction to grade separated full cioverieaf
slip road in four quadrants will be constructed along with acceleration and deceleration lanes
interchange, the
for the
Fig.
APPLICATION
Once
the slip roads in four quadrants are constructed, in the second stage, the traffic will be diverted into these
newly developed slip roads. The major road movements through the junction wiil now become circulatory
system around the work area as shown in the layout, with proper direction information signs. During this stage,
the central area will be taken up for construction of the structures and loops.
124
IRC
to this
in its periodical,
WARNING SIGN ON
HAND PADDLES
cl>7 3ITU
DETOUR