Advanced Lucid Dreaming

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AdvancedLucidDreaming
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Page1
ThePowerofSupplements
HowtoInduceHighLevelLucidDreams
&OutofBodyExperiences
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WrittenByThomasYuschak
AdvancedLD,Ltd
Page2
Copyright2006ThomasYuschak
Allrightsreserved.Thisbookisprotectedbycopyright.Noportionof
thisbookmaybereproducedordistributedinanyformorbyany
means,electronicormechanical,includingphotocopy,recording,or
byanyinformationstorageandretrievalsystem,withouttheprior
writtenpermissionoftheauthor.
PublishedbyLuluEnterprises
ISBN9781430305422
Thisbookcanbepurchasedatwww.AdvancedLD.com
TheAuthorcanbecontactedat:
tyuschak@AdvancedLD.com
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Page3
SpecialThanks
Thankyoutoeveryonewhomadepublishingthistextpossible.
ThankyoutoScotStridefortakingthetimetoreviewthistextandfor
providingsomanyvaluablesuggestions.
Thankyoutomybeautifulwifeandtoouramazingboysforhelping
toopenmyeyes,mymind,andmyheart.
MaythistexthelpothersgowhereIhavebeen.
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Disclaimer
Thistextsummarizeshowtheauthorhasusedavarietyoflegal,
nonprescriptionsupplementstoinducehighlevelluciddreamsand
outofbodyexperiences.Theauthorsuggeststhathisapproachmay
producesimilarresultsinawidevarietyofpeopleofdifferent
backgroundandculture.Theauthorstronglyrecommendshowever,
thatanyindividual,whoisinterestedinattemptinganapproachthat
utilizessupplementsforthepurposesofluciddreamenhancement
and/oroutofbodyexperiences,consultsaqualifiedphysicianbefore
addinganysupplementoranycombinationofsupplementstohis/her
diet.TheauthorandAdvancedLD,Ltd(fromhereonjointlyreferred
toasAdvancedLD)alsostronglyrecommendsthatanypersonwho
purchasesorreadsthisbookabidebythefollowing:
1.Thesupplementapproachoutlinedinthisbookisintendedfor
adultsonly.Personsundertheageof18shouldnottakeany
supplementsforanyreasonwithoutfirstconsultingwitha
qualifiedphysician.
2.AdvancedLDshallnotbeheldresponsibleinanywayforthe
misuseoftheinformationcontainedwithinthisbook.
3.AdvancedLDstronglyrecommendsthatallpersonscontact
his/herphysicianbeforestartingtheprogramoutlinedinthis
bookinordertogetadoctor'sapprovalpriortotakingany
supplementsdiscussedinthisbook.
4.AdvancedLDinsiststhatifthereaderhasanyknownor
suspectedmedicalconditions,thatmayincludebutisnot
limitedtopregnancy,heartdisease,highbloodpressure,
mentaldisorder,kidneydisorder,liverdisorder,immune
systemdisorder,historyofstroke,historyofseizure,etc,then
thereaderwillcontactaphysicianandgetaphysicians
approvalpriortotakinganyofthesupplementsdiscussedin
thisbook.
5.AdvancedLDshallnotbeheldresponsibleinanywayif
dosagesbeyondthosestatedaretakenbythereaderand
resultinnegativeeffectsonhealthand/orwellbeing.
6.AdvancedLDshallnotbeheldresponsibleinanywayifthe
profoundeffectsofluciddreamingand/oroutofbody
experienceshaveanegativeeffectonthereaderspsyche
and/ormentalhealth.Theseexperiencesareextremely
profoundandthereforethereadermustjudgeforhim/herself
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Page5
orhaveaprofessionalpsychologistjudgeforhim/herwhether
ornothe/sheisreadytoundergosuchanexperience.
7.AdvancedLDmakesnoclaimsastowhatonecanaccomplish
inthelucid(oroutofbody)stateandpassesnojudgmenton
the"true"meaningoftheseexperiences.
8.Thereaderagreesnottoforward,publish,ordistributethis
bookorthedetailsheldwithin,inanyformormanner.
9.Thereaderissolelyresponsibleforattainingaphysician's
approvalbeforetakinganysupplementdiscussedinthis.
10.Thereaderassumesallliabilityifhe/shepassesthis
informationtootherswithoutfullydivulgingtherisksand
recommendationssetforthinthistext.
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TableofContents
Foreword
Introduction
Part1:TheoreticalBackground
Ch1OpeningRemarks
15
Ch2ReviewoftheSleepCycle
17
Ch3ReviewoftheREMReboundEffect
20
Ch4PredominateDreamTheories
22
Ch5NeurotransmittersandDreaming
28
Part2:IndividualSupplementProfiles
Ch6ImportantDefinitions
47
Ch7Galantamine
60
Ch8CholineSupplements
66
Ch9Nicotine
75
Ch10Piracetam
81
Ch11MucunaPruriens
88
Ch12Yohimbine
94
Ch135HTP(5hydroxytryptophan)
100
Ch14Melatonin
105
Part3:AchievingHighLevelLucidDreams
Ch15AreYouReadyForThis?
111
Ch16UnderstandingtheStrategy
120
Ch17PrimaryTriggerCombination
126
Ch18CounteractingDesensitizationandTolerance
132
Ch19MultipleTriggerCombinations
142
Ch20SupportingSupplements
150
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Part4:ImprovingYourOdds
Ch21DaytimePractice
156
Ch22PreparationandTransitioning
160
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Ch23BreakingDowntheWall
172
Ch24KeepinganUptoDateLog
176
Ch25WhereDoIgoFromHere
178
Reference
180
Index
186
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Foreword:
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Consciousdreamingisafascinatingaspectofthehuman
mind.Notuntilthelate1970sdidthereemergeascientificproofthat
apersoncouldrecognizeandbeawaretheyweredreaming.Lucid
dreaminghascomealongwaysincethenandwecanthankGreen,
Tholey,Hearne,LaBerge,Woresly,Garfield,Blackmoreandothers
fortheiressentialcontributions.Byfarthemostvaluedcontributions
weremadebyLaBergewhohasbeenactiveinthisfieldfornearly30
years.
Manytechniquesandinnovationsforluciddreaminghave
emergedduringthistime,benefitingmanyapersonwantingto
exploretheirpersonaldreamenvironment.Presently,thetechniques
availabletoprospectiveoneironauts(dreamexplorers)include:
StateTesting,Intention,ReflectionIntention,Autosuggestion,MILD
(MnemonicInductionofLucidDreams),WBTB(WakeBackToBed),
WILD(WakeInducedLucidDreams),CAT(CycleAdjustment
Technique)andothers.Thesementaltechniquesinvolvetraining
yourmindtobecomemorecognitivelyawareduringdreaming,so
youcanbecomelucid.Inadditiontotheseentirelymental
techniques,electronictechniques,intheformofdreammasks,were
invented.TheseincludedtheDreamLight,NovaDreamerand
DreamMaker.Electronicdevicesareintendedtocuethedreamer
duringREMsleep(eitheropticallyorauditory),helpingthemto
recognizetheyaredreamingandbecomelucid.
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3
Foreword
Fortunately,thereisplentyofroomforgrowthandexpansion
fromnewtechniquesandinnovations.Myownresearchinto
electronicmeansofhelpinginduceluciddreamsledtothedesignof
aluciddreaminductionsystem(LDIS).Thissystemwasmyattempt
toimproveupontheversatilityandreliabilityofadreammaskbased
onmodernelectronics,imagingtechnologyandsoftware.Aftertwo
workingprototypesandsomeveryencouragingtestresults,Ican
confidentlystatethatafirstratesystemispossible,onewhichcanbe
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producedaffordablyforthedreamingconsumer.
SofarIvementionedtwoavenuesavailabletothe
oneironaut,thementalandtheelectronic.Bothoftheseapproaches
tolearningluciddreaminghavefoundtheirplaceintheoneironauts
toolbox.However,thereisathirdandexcitingavenuethatoffers
muchpotentialforgrowththisistheneurochemistryapproach.
Neurochemistryisabranchofneurosciencethatinvolvesthe
studyofthechemicalprocessesinthebrain.Bystudyingthese
processesscientistsareendeavoringtounderstandtheunderlying
molecularbasesformemory,emotions,cognition,behaviorand
diseasesofthebrainlikeAlzheimers.Someofthemoleculesbeing
studiedare:Glutamate,Histamine,GABA(GammaAminoButyric
Acid),Acetylcholine,Serotonin,Dopamine,NorepinephrineandNitric
oxide.Theseneurochemicals,andothers,areplayersinafascinating
electrochemicaldramathatrunscontinuouslyinourbrainsfrom
conceptiontodeath.
Thesameneurochemicalsthatplayimportantrolesinour
wakingstatearealsopresentinoursleepingstate.Neuroscience
hasledtoaclearerunderstandingofwhatshappeningchemicallyin
thebrainduringthesleepcycles.Chemicals,likeMelatonin,change
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4
duringthecourseofanormalsleepperiodandhelpmanageour
circadianrhythms.Otherchemicalsarealsopresent,invarying
amounts,duringREMsleepwhenluciddreamingmainlyoccurs.Of
thesechemicals,theneurotransmittersarethemostimportant,for
theycarrytheelectrochemicalsignalsthroughoutthebrainsneural
pathways.
Althoughthereisnoscientificstudythatlinksspecifickinds
andquantitiesofneurotransmitterstoluciddreaming,Isurmisea
relationshipdoesexist.Manytimeswouldbeoneironautswill
diligentlypracticeamentaltechnique,likeMILD,orcombineitwitha
dreammask,onlytoexperiencediscouragingresults.Sometimes
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theytrymultipletechniquesandstillstruggle.Thesetechniqueswork
superblywellforsomeandabysmallyforotherstheonlydifference
maybethelevelsofcertainneurotransmittersduringREMsleep.If
thereweresomewaytosafelyboostcertainofthese
neurotransmittersduringREMsleep,thesuccessratemayrise,
turningfrustrationintojoy.
Theheadlinenewsisthereexistsawaytoincreasethese
neurotransmittersbyingestingcertaindietarysupplements.These
supplementscomprisealuciddreamingtechniquewhichItermLucid
DreamingSupplements(LDS).LDSareoverthecountervitamins
andsupplementsthataidinhelpingthebrainattainaneurochemical
statewhichisconducivetohavingaluciddream.
Notsurprisingly,LaBergehasalsodonesomeresearchinto
theseneurotransmittersandidentifiedatypeofsupplementthat
worksremarkablywellatboostingAcetylcholine(ACh)levelsby
inhibitingAcetylcholinesterase(anenzymethatbreaksdown
Acetylcholineintocholineandacetate).ThepresenceofanAChEI
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Foreword
(AcetylcholinesteraseInhibitor)worksbyincreasingthelevelsand
activationofACh.Cholinergicneuronsareinvolvedinthesynthesis
ofAChandbelievedtomodulateourlevelofwakefulness.Taking
supplementsthateffectivelyraiseAChlevelsaffectthewakefulness
ofthedreamingbrainandhenceitsabilitytobecomemoreaware.
LaBergewasabletoclinicallyshowthatingestingcertain
AChEIsdoesimprovetheabilitytobecomelucid.Hisstudyisjust
thetipoftheicebergintheLDStechniqueandunderscoresthefact
thatcertainsupplementsfavorablyimproveanoneironautsoddsof
becominglucid.Manyoverthecountersupplementsareavailable
thataffectthevariousneurotransmittersthismakestheLDS
techniquefairlywideopentoexperimentationandrefinement.Ihave
personallytakensomeofthesesupplementsandconsequently
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enjoyedsomelongandmemorableluciddreams.
AftercorrespondingwithThomasYuschakonhisapproachto
theLDStechniqueIamverypleasedandimpressedbyhiswork.He
hasworkedhardtoidentifyspecificsupplementsthat,whentakenat
therighttimeandinhealthydosages,canopenthedoorstomany
oneironautwhoneedhelp.Eithertakenalone,orcombinedwiththe
existingmentalandelectronictechniques,inacomplementary
manner,supplementscanrewardtheoneironautwithamore
powerfultoolbox.
Thisbookisanimportantfirststepinintroducingtothe
oneironautanewandexcitingluciddreamingtechnique:atechnique
thatpromisestomakeiteasiertoconsciouslydream,andexplorean
elusiveaspectofourinnerselves.
ScotL.Stride
Pasadena,California
October,2006
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Introduction:
WhyIwrotethisbook:Mymaingoalinwritingthisbookis
simplytosharewhatIhavelearnedthroughpersonalexperience
aboutthepowerofnonprescriptionsupplementsinachievinghigh
levelluciddreamexperiencesand/oroutofbodyexperiences.There
isaquietmovementgrowingamongluciddreamerswhohavefound
thatcertainnaturalsubstancesprovideacatalysttoincreaseddream
memory,vividness,andlucidity.Unfortunately,thereislittle
informationavailabletoactasaguidefortheseindividuals.Thishas
ledtomuchspeculation,hearsay,andmisguidedapproachesthat
haveresultedinabsolutelynothingspectacular.Thefewwhohave
experiencedpositiveresultsoftenfindtheyfadewithtimeand
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becomeinfrequentatbest.
Furthermoretherearethosewhoareputtingthereownhealthatrisk
becausetheydonotfullyunderstandingorappreciatethecorrect
approachandtheimportantfactorsonemustconsiderwhenutilizing
asupplementapproachtoluciddreaming.Whatismissingisa
comprehensiveguidethatremovestheguessworkaltogetherand
setspeopleonthecorrectpathofdevelopment.Thisbookismy
attemptatsuchaguide.
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Introduction
Itismysincerebeliefthatluciddreamingcanhaveadramatic
andpositiveeffectontheglobalsocietyandcultureasawhole,and
canhelptoopenoureyestothepotentialweallholdinsideofus.In
orderforthattohappenhowever,advancedluciddreamingmust
becomeavailabletothegeneralpublic.Typicalluciddreamers
strugglewithluciddreamfrequency,length,recall,vividnessand
control.Themethodpresentedinthisbookaddressesallofthese
issuesandopensthedoorforalmosteveryonetoexperience
extremelyhighlevelluciddreams.
Atthetimeofthiswritingthereisnootherbookavailablethat
providesacomprehensivemethodofusingnatural,andgenerally
healthynonprescriptionsupplementsasameansofproducing
extremelyhighqualityandlongdurationluciddreamexperiences.
Thatsetsthisbookapartfromallothersandwillhopefullyaidin
wakingupthegeneralpublictothewondersandpowersoflucid
dreaming.
Whatthisbookisandwhatthisbookisnot:
Thisbookisnotacomprehensivelistofsupplementsthat
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haveproventohaveapositiveimpactondreamingand/orlucid
dreaming.Therearemanysupplementsavailablewhichhavesome
effectonhowandwhatwedreamanditisnotmygoaltocreatea
longandrelativelyuselesslist.InsteadIfocusonthesupplements
thathavehadthemostprofoundeffectsonmyowndream/lucid
dreamdevelopmentand,moreimportantly,Iprovideameansof
comparingallsupplementsbythemechanismtheyuseratherthan
thenamestheyarecalled.InthiswayIprovideamethodof
comparinganyothersupplementthatonefeelsmighthavethe
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8
potentialtoenhanceluciddreaming.Furthermore,Ihaveincluded
sectionsthatdiscusstheeffectsofthesupplementswhentaken
individuallyaswellaswhentakenindifferentcombinations.
Thisbookisnotanoverlytechnicaltreatiseonthe
neuroscienceofsleepordreams.Althoughsomebasicconceptsand
definitionsareincludedasameansofprovidingabetter
understandingofhowsupplementscanfunctiontoincreasethe
quality,frequency,anddurationofluciddreams,Ihavepurposefully
triedtokeepthesciencetalktoaminimum.Itismygoalthatthe
readercanfullyunderstandandtakeadvantageoftheinsightsthis
bookprovides.
Thisbookisnotanauthoritativereferenceonmodernday
dreamtheoriesafascinatingtopic,butonethatisbeyondthescope
ofthistext.Iwillbrieflysummarizethetwomajorschoolsofthought
however,becausetheybothplayamajorroleindeterminingwhich
supplementsmightworkbest.
Thisbookisnotaonesizefitsallbook.Whathasprovento
workexcellentlyformemaynotberightforyou.EventhoughIwill
sharemydetailedsupplementschedule,includingexactdosesand
consumptiontimes,youshouldconsiderthisasapointofreference
only.Youwillfindthatingeneral,Ihaveplacedaveryhighregardfor
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myownpersonalhealthandhappiness.Iexpectyoutodothesame.
Blindlyfollowingaschedulemaycauseyouharminthelongrun,soI
havetriedtoincludetheknowledgeyouneedtooptimizeyourown
supplementprogramaswellasexperiencefirsthandtheeffectsof
eachofthesupplementsdescribed.
Finally,thisbookisnotabasicluciddreamingbook.Ihave
writtenitprimarilyforexperiencedluciddreamerswhowanttotake
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Introduction
theirexplorationstoahigherlevel.Ifyouhavenotyetexperienceda
luciddreamthenIstronglyencourageyoutoputthisbookdownand
gobuyoneoftheexcellentbooksaimedatgettingyoustartedinthis
wonderfulfield.Afteryouhavegoneinandseenforyourselfwhata
luciddreamreallyis,thencomebacktothisbookandtake
advantageofthemethodscontainedherein.Luciddreamingisaskill
youmustdevelopwithpracticeandmovingatthecorrectspeedwill
getyoumuchfurtherinthelongrun.
SowhatISthisbook?
ThisbookismyexperienceandmymethodofhowIhave
successfullybeenabletogeneratehighlevel,longdurationlucid
dreamsonregularbasisusingaspecificcombinationoflegal,over
thecounter,andgenerallyhealthydietarysupplements.Thisbook
notonlygivesthefinalrecipesthatworkformepersonallybutalso
detailsthemeansIusedtodeterminetheserecipessothatanyone
canintelligentlydeveloptherightcombinationsforthemselves.
LucidDreamsvsOutofBodyExperiences
Thereisconsiderabledebateabouttherelationshipbetween
luciddreamsandoutofbodyexperiences.Somepeoplebelievethat
anoutofbodyexperienceisaspecialtypeofluciddream.Iamone
ofthosepeople.Twotypesofluciddreamsareoftentalkedabout
amongenthusiasts:DILDsandWILDs.ADILD(DreamInduced
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LucidDream)isthemoreprevalenttypeofluciddreaminwhicha
personisasleepanddreamingwhentheynoticesomethingoddand
suddenlyrealizetheyareinthemidstofadream.DILDsstartas
regularnonluciddreams.AWILD(WakeInducedLucidDream)is
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characterizedbymovingdirectlyfromtheawakestateintothedream
statewithnolossofconsciousness.Onemomentyouareconscious
inyourphysicalbodyandthenextmomentyouareconsciousinyour
dreambody.Duringthetransitionfromthephysicaltothedreamyou
canundergosomeintensesensationssuchasafeelingoffloating,
strongvibrations,and/orrapidaccelerations.Thesearethesame
sensationsthatareoftenreferredtoinmostOBEaccounts.
Furthermore,whenthetransitionfromonebodytotheotheris
complete,thereisaboutan85%chancethatyouwillfindyourself
standinginyourbedroom.Atthispointyoucanwalkaroundthe
houseatyourleisure.Atsomepointthesurroundingstransitionintoa
differentlocaleeitherspontaneouslyorbyconsciouseffort.Thistype
ofWILDisanOBEbyallclassicaldefinitionsandthemethods
describedinthisbookresultinWILDsabout90%ofthetime.To
simplifythewriting,IwillrefertoeitherluciddreamorWILDwiththe
understandingthattheexperienceissynonymouswithOBEs.
Whatisahighlevelluciddream?
Thedefinitionofluciddreamingis,inmyopinion,overlysimplistic.
AccordingtoStephenLaBerge,apopularauthorandexperimenter
onthesubject,luciddreamingisdefinedas"dreamingwhileknowing
thatyouaredreaming."Thoseexperiencedinluciddreaming
understandhowever,thatthequalityoftheexperiencecanvary
greatlyfromdreamertodreameraswellasfromdreamtodream.In
the10orsoyearsIhavebeenpracticingluciddreamingIcontinually
rankedmyexperiencesbyanumberofcriteriaincluding:durationof
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thedream,sensoryvividness,abilitytorecalltheexperience,andthe
abilitytocontrolmyreasoning,emotions,andwillallwhilestaying
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Introduction
11
activelyinvolvedwithinthedream.Anotherimportantcriterionin
advancedluciddreamingisthefrequencyinwhichyoucanenterthe
lucidstate.Hereisacomparisonofhighlevelluciddreamingto
averageluciddreaming:
UsingthesupplementapproachoutlinedinthisbookIhave2
to3nightsperweekofhighlevelluciddreaming.Thedreams
generallylastinexcessofanhourandcanoccasionallylastaslong
astwoandhalfhours.Mysensesfunctionaswellastheydoin
wakinglifeandmydreamsgenerallyincludetheuseofallmy
senses.Icontinuallyshowhighlevelsofcontrolthatincludeeasy
accesstomymemoriesfrommyphysicallife,totallackoffeareven
inthemostadversesituations,theabilitytosuccessfullycarryoutmy
dreamexperiments,andtheabilitytoeasilymanipulatemy
dreamscape.Thisisntbragging,itsthepowerthattheright
combinationofsupplementscanhaveonluciddreaming.
Furthermore,onceonecanrepeatedlyexperiencehighlevellucid
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dreams,theycanfocusonunlockingthesecretsthatourcontained
within.
Althoughmanyreaderswillundoubtedlybedrawntothe
sectionsofthisbookthatcoverthebestofthebestoftheavailable
dreamenhancingsupplementsorthesectionsthatdetailmy
personalandexactmethodofachievingfrequentandconsistent,
longdurationluciddreams,Irecommendreadingthisbookfromstart
tofinish.Thisbookhasawealthofinformationsoyoumaywantto
revisitthefirstfewchaptersafteryouhavefinishedthecomplete
book.Thisapproachwillgiveyouadeeperunderstandingofthe
topicandbetterprepareyoutooptimizeyourownpersonal
supplementschedule.
IfyouarenewtoluciddreamingIstronglyencourageyouto
readsomeoftheotherwonderfulbooksthatdescribethebasic
techniques.Myfavoritesare:
TheLucidDreamer
AWakingGuidefortheTravelerBetweenWorlds
ByMalcolmGodwin(1994)
&
ExploringtheWorldofLucidDreaming
ByStephenLaBergeandHowardRheingold(1990)
Ihavealsoincludedareferencesectionattheendofthis
bookwhichcontainssomeveryusefullinksandarticles.Iencourage
youtoreadasmuchaspossible.
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Introduction
13
OneFinalNote
Thesupplementsoutlinedinthisbook,enhancelucid
dreamingbyaffectingthelevelsofspecificneurotransmittersinthe
brainduringsleep.Thesesupplementsarenothallucinogensand
theyarenotcontrolledsubstances.Theyareavailableasoverthe
counterdietarysupplementsanddonotinduceanytypeofdruglike
intoxicationiftakenwhileawake.WiththeexceptionofNicotine,they
arenotaddictiveandaregenerallyconsideredtobeahealthy
additiontoyourdiet.Onegroupisknowntoincreasememory,
anothergroupisknowntoincreasefocusandattention,athirdgroup
isknowntoincreasemotivationandcreativity,andthelastgroupis
knowntoreducestress,improvemoodandincreasequalityofsleep.
Therearequiteafewsupplementsdescribedinthisbook.
Everyonehasadifferentcomfortlevelwhenitcomestotaking
supplementsanditisimportanttounderstandthatitisnotnecessary
totryeverycombinationdescribedhere.Startwithoneortwoofthe
maintriggercombinationsandbuildfromthere.
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Part1:
TheoreticalBackground
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1
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OpeningRemarks
Thissectionofthebooksummarizessomeimportant
conceptsthathavebeendevelopedinthefieldofneuroscience.
Neuroscienceisafieldthatisoverflowingwithitsownterminology
anditisimportantnottoconfuseorunderminethetopicathandby
includingunnecessarydefinitionsorhighlytechnicaldiscussions.
Thatbeingsaid,therearesomeconceptsandinsightsthatare
absolutelyessentialtotheunderstandingofhownaturalsupplements
canbeusedtoenhanceluciddreaming.ThereforeIhavetriedto
keepthissectionassimpleandstraightforwardaspossibleyetstill
includeabasicunderstandingofthetopic.
IshouldalsonotethatIhavemixedfeelingsaboutthefieldof
neuroscience.Ononehanditcannotbeignoredthatthefieldis
expandingourunderstandingandknowledgeabouthowourbrains
processdataandinfluenceourthoughtsandemotions.Ontheother
handhowever,itisimpossibletoholdinhighregardafieldthatis
builtuponafoundationofdestructiveexperimentationonotherliving
animals.Thisinefficientandbarbaricapproachhighlightsourown
ignoranceandlackofrealunderstandingaswellasfully
demonstratesthegreatstridesneededinourownevolution.
Beforeintroducingsomeoftheimportanttermsandconcepts
associatedwiththeneuroscienceofsleepanddreams,weneedto
brieflyreviewthebasicsleepcycle,theREMreboundeffect,andthe
twopredominatetheoriesconcerninghowourbrainsdream.
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Aquickreviewofthesetopicswillhelpclarifytherelevanceofthe
termsandconceptspresented.
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2
ReviewoftheSleepCycle
Oursleepgenerallymovesincycles,firstmovingfrom
wakefulnessdownintoadeep,regenerativesleep,thencomingback
uptowardwakefulness,thenbackdownagainandsoon.Sleepers
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generallymovethroughfourtosixofthesecyclespernight,with
eachcyclelastingbetween70and110minutes.
Eachsleepcycleisdividedintotwodistinctphases:nonREM
sleepandREMsleep.FurthermorethenonREMsleepphaseissub
dividedintofourstagesthattransitionusfromwakefulness(orREM)
intodeepsleepandthenbackupagain.Thecyclesmergeand
transitionfromonetoanotherinthesmoothcontinuumwecallsleep.
DuringthedeepeningstagesofnonREMsleepthebody
becomesincreasinglyrelaxedwithbrainwavesbecomingslowand
regularandwithbloodpressure,temperatureandmuscletoneall
decreasing.REMsleep,ontheotherhand,ischaracterizedbyan
increaseinheartandrespiratoryrate,rapidandirregulareye
movements,increasedbloodpressure,aswellasparalyzedmuscles
fromthechindown.
ThefirstcyclesofthenighttendtohaveshorterREMperiods
andlongerperiodsofdeepsleep.Thistrendreversesasthenight
goeson.ThelatercycleshavelongerREMperiodsandshorterdeep
sleepperiods.
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Bymorning,mostsleepersspendalmostalloftheirtimein
stages1,2andREMsleepwithverylittleornodeepsleep(stages3
and4).Infantsareuniqueinthattheyspendapproximately50
percentoftheirsleeptimeinREMsleep.
TheNationalInstituteofNeurologicalDisordersandStroke
providesthisdescriptionofthefivesleepstages.
Stage1(Drowsiness)Wedriftinandoutofsleepforabout5to10
minutesandcanbeawakenedeasily.Oureyesmoveveryslowly
andmuscleactivityslows.
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Stage2(LightSleep)Oureyemovementsstopandourbrain
waves(fluctuationsofelectricalactivitythatcanbemeasuredby
electrodes)becomeslower,withoccasionalburstsofrapidwaves
calledsleepspindles.Ourheartrateslowsandbodytemperature
decreases.
Stages3and4(DeepSleep)Slowbrainwavescalleddeltawaves
begintoappear,interspersedwithsmaller,fasterwaves.ByStage4
thebrainproducesdeltawavesalmostexclusively.Itisverydifficult
towakesomeoneduringstages3and4,whichtogetherarecalled
deepsleep.Thereisnoeyemovementormuscleactivity.People
awakenedduringdeepsleepdonotadjustimmediatelyandoftenfeel
groggyanddisorientedforseveralminutesaftertheywakeup.
REMSleepDuringREMsleep,ourbreathingbecomesmorerapid,
irregular,andshallow,oureyesjerkrapidlyinvariousdirections,and
ourlimbmusclesbecometemporarilyparalyzed.Ourheartrate
increases,ourbloodpressurerises,andmalesdeveloppenile
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ReviewoftheSleepCycle
19
erections.Peopletendtohavethemostvividdreamsduringthis
stageofsleep.
Neurotransmitterscontrolthesleepcycle:Ofparticular
interesttousisthatthebraincontrolsthesleep/wakecycleby
releasingvariouschemicalsinthebraincalledneurotransmitters.
Thesechemicalsactonneuronsinthebrainthatessentiallyswitch
onandoffthevariousstagesofsleepandwakefulness.Sincesleep
andwakefulnessareinfluencedbydifferentneurotransmittersignals
inthebrainfoods,medicines,andherbsthatchangethebalanceof
thesechemicalsaffectwhetherwefeelalertordrowsy,howwellwe
sleep,andhowmuchtimewespendintheREMphaseofsleepas
wellashowmuchwedream.
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3
ReviewoftheREMReboundEffect
Itisaninterestingfactthatyourbodystrivestomaintaina
balancedsleepschedule.Itisverydifficulttodepriveyourbodyof
deepsleeporofREMsleep,norshouldyouwantto.Deepsleepis
stronglyassociatedwithbodyrejuvenationandisimperativefor
maintainingpropermentalandphysicalhealth.Itiswellknownthatin
timesofsicknessorinjuryyoursleepschedulewillshifttoinclude
longerandmorefrequentperiodsofdeepsleep.Thebodyishealing
itself.Itisalsowellknownthatdeprivingyourbodyofdeepsleepcan
resultinnegativeeffectsonbothyourmentalandphysicalhealth
includingaweakenedimmunesystem,increasedlevelsofagitation
andstress,andagenerallylowerfeelingofwellbeing.Asalucid
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dreamenthusiastyoumustntsacrificeyourdeepsleepinthepursuit
ofhigherqualityluciddreams.Thisapproachisunsustainableat
best.Ifyoudepriveyourbodyofdeepandrestfulsleepononenight,
inadditiontofeelingenergydeprivedonthefollowingday,youwill
dropintolongerperiodsofdeepsleeponthenextnightinorderto
makeupforthelosttime.Anymethodofluciddreamenhancement
mustnotsacrificeyourquantityorqualityofdeepsleepifitistobe
worthanythingsignificant.
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ReviewoftheREMReboundEffect
21
Thereisaninterestingcounterparttothissleep
characteristic.IfyousuppressREMsleepforaperiodoftime,your
bodywillbestronglyencouragedtomakeupforthelosttimespentin
thisstate,andthenexttimeyoufalltosleepyoumayexperiencean
effectreferredtoasREMrebound.REMreboundcanbedescribed
asprolongedperiodsofREMsleepduetopriorperiodsofREM
suppression.Thiseffectiscommonlyseenamongalcoholabusers
andmarijuanasmokers.BothalcoholandTHC(theactivechemical
inmarijuana)areknowntosuppressREMsleep.Ifhighenough
levelsofthesesubstancesareinthebloodstreamatsleeponset(a
commoncasefortheusers)REMsleepwillbesuppressed.Ifthe
userdecidestocleanouttheirsystembydiscontinuinguse,the
individualwillcommonlyexperienceseveralnightsofincreasedREM
timeandwillcommonlyexperiencelongandvividdream
experiences.Keepinmindthatthemostvividdreamexperiences(as
wellasmostluciddreams)occurduringREMsleep.Althoughthe
REMreboundeffectisasomewhatindirectmethodtoincreaseREM
time,itisstillavaluabletoolthattheluciddreamenthusiasthasat
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theirdisposal.
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4
PredominateDreamTheories
Thedescriptionsinthischapteraremainlybasedonanarticle
titledDREAMINGANDREMSLEEPARECONTROLLEDBY
DIFFERENTBRAINMECHANISMSwrittenbyMarkSolms,
AcademicDeptNeurosurgery,StBartholomew's&RoyalLondon
SchoolofMedicine.
Therearetwopredominatetheoriesregardingdreaming.The
firsttheorycanbecalledtheREMdreamtheory,thebrainstem
dreamtheory,orperhapsthecholinergicdreamtheory.Thesecond
theorycanbecalledtheForebraindreamtheory,thecerebral
activationdreamtheory,orperhapsthedopaminergicdreamtheory.
Thefirsttheory(whichIrefertoasthecholinergictheory)has
beenaroundsincethe1950swhenthefirstlinksbetweentheREM
sleepphaseanddreamingwerediscovered.Thetheoryquickly
developedtheconceptthatREMsleepisrequiredfordreamingto
occur.Thisbeliefwasbasedonthefactthat7095%ofnormal
subjectswhowereawakenedfromtheREMstatereportthatthey
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havebeendreamingwhereasonly510%ofnonREMawakenings
producedsimilarreports.Inthemid1970sitwasdiscoveredthat
REMsleepwasessentiallycontrolledbyvariousmechanismslocated
inthebrainstemandthisfindingresultedinawidespreadbeliefthat
thesesamemechanismswerealsoresponsiblefordreaming.
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Specificallyitwasdeterminedthatthecholinergicbrainstem
mechanismcouldswitchonorofftheREMsleepphaseand
thereforedreamingbycontrollingthereleaseofspecific
neurotransmitters.Accordingtothistheory,REMsleep(andhence
dreaming)isswitchedonbythereleaseofaneurotransmittercalled
acetylcholine(ACh)andturnedoffbythereleaseofadifferent
neurotransmittercalledserotonin.Onecouldconcludefromthis
theorythattheneurotransmitterAChcontrolsREManddreaming.
Probablythemostdishearteningaspectofthistheoryisthatit
assumesthatcognitionplayspracticallynoroleindreaming.The
brainstemsimplycausesarandomfiringofneuronswhoseelectrical
impulsestraveltothecognitioncenterofthebrain(forebrain)where
theyarepassivelysynthesizedbyitsmemorysystemintoabestfit
forotherwiseincoherentdata.Inotherwordstherandomimpulses
makeittotheforebrainwhichtriestoforcemeaningtothem.Itisthis
processthatgeneratesdreams.Althoughthistheoryexplainsthe
illogicalandnonsensicaldreamswesometimesexperience,it
doesntcaptureatalltheluciddreamexperienceinwhichthe
dreamerdirectlyinfluencesandcontrolsthedreamplotandsetting.
Insupportofthistheory,ithasbeenshownthatdrugs/herbsthat
promotethereleaseofAChwithinthebrainstemcannotonly
generateREMsleepbutalsogeneratedreams.
Thesecondtheory(whichIrefertoasthedopaminergic
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theory)is,inmyopinion,moresophisticated,elegant,andcomplete
thanthecholinergictheoryandissubstantiatedbyastrongclinical
basis.Thedopaminergictheorytriestofillintheholesleftbythe
cholinergictheory.Forexample,between530%ofREMawakenings
donotelicitdreamreportsandatleast510%ofnonREM
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awakeningsdoelicitdreamreportsthatareindistinguishablefrom
REMdreamreports.Accordingtothedopaminergictheory,itisthe
forebrainthatcausesdreamingtooccurandnotthebrainstem.This
assumptionhasanumberofimportantconsequences.Itiswell
knownthattheforebrainhaslittle,ifanyeffectonREMsleep.
ThereforetheconclusionmustbethatREMsleepisnotrequiredfor
dreamingtooccur.Oneoftheclinicalfactsthatprovidesthebasisfor
thistheoryisthatbrainlesionswhichoccurintheforebrainareacan
totallyhaltdreaminginanindividualwithouthavinganyaffecton
REMsleep.Itwasalsonoticedthatthelesionswhichhalted
dreamingwerelocatedinthesameregionoftheforebraintargetedin
theprefrontalleucotomy(i.e.frontallobotomy)operationsusedasa
meansofbehaviorcontrol.Ithasbeenconfirmedthat7090%of
theseoperationsyieldedcompleteornearlycompletelossof
dreaminginthesubjects.Itisthisregionofthebrainthatisrichwith
fibersconnectingfrontalandlimbicstructureswithdopaminergic
cells.Thissystemwasthetargetoftheleucotomybecauseitis
believedtocontrolthegoalseekingandpleasureseeking
mechanisms.Damagealongthissystemproducesdisorders
characterizedbyreducedinterest,reducedinitiative,reduced
imagination,andthereducedabilitytoplanahead.Thesefacts
stronglysuggestthatdreamingisgeneratedbythisdopaminecircuit.
FurtherevidencesupportingthistheoryisthatwhenLdopa(a
populardrugusedtocombatParkinsonsdiseasebyincreasingthe
levelofdopaminewithinthebrain)isadministeredtopatientsinthe
nighttimehours,dreamfrequencyandvividnessaregreatly
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increasedeventhoughthereisnocorrespondingincreaseinREM
sleep.Furthermore,thedopaminergictheorysuggeststhatdreaming
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isnotchaoticinnaturebutrathermanifestsfromspecificandhighly
complexcognitiveprocesses.
SoifREMsleepisnotresponsiblefordreaming,howdoes
thedopaminergictheoryaddressthehighcorrelationbetweenREM
sleepanddreamreports?ThistheorysuggeststhatinsteadofREM
sleepbeingrequired,amoregeneralstateofcerebralactivation
duringsleepisrequired.REMsleepisoftenreferredtoas
paradoxicalsleepbecausethebrainisbothasleepand
simultaneouslyhighlyactivated.Thevastmajorityofdreamreports
thatoccuroutsideofREMsleepareassociatedwithstage1orstage
2sleep(i.e.verylightsleep).Allofthesestages,includingREM,line
theborderbetweendeepregenerativesleepandthewakingstate.
Thefactthatdreamingcanbeartificiallygeneratedbythe
administrationofavarietyofstimulantdrugs,includingboth
cholinergicanddopaminergicagentsisopentoasimilar
interpretation.Ofcrucialtheoreticalimportanceisthefactthat
dopaminergicagentsincreasethefrequency,vivacityanddurationof
dreamingwithoutsimilarlyaffectingthefrequency,intensityand
durationofREMsleep.Thisobservation,togetherwiththeequally
importantfactthatdamagetospecificareasofthefrontallobe
obliteratesdreamingbutsparestheREMcycle,suggestsaspecific
dopaminergic`dreamon'mechanismwhichisdissociablefromthe
cholinergic`REMon'mechanism.
Soaccordingtothedopaminergictheory,twoindependent
eventsmustoccurinordertospawnthedreamstate:Firstthe
subjectmustundergocerebralactivationduringsleep(whereREM
initiationaccountsforoneformofsuchactivation)andsecondly,the
dopaminergiccircuitslocatedintheforebrainmustalsobeengaged.
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Whatcantheluciddreamenthusiastlearnfromthesetwo
theories?
Thesetwotheoriesprovidethebasisofthemethodoutlinedin
thisbooksoitisimportanttohighlighttheimportantfindingsasthey
relatetoourgoalofluciddreamenhancement.Thefollowinglistisa
summaryofthosefindings:
Thereleaseofspecificneurotransmittersinthebraincontrol
whichsleepstateweareinaswellasactivateourinternal
dreamingmechanism.
Foods,medicines,andherbscanimpactthelevelsofspecific
neurotransmittersinthebrain.
MostvividdreamexperiencesoccurduringREMsleepbut
canalsooccurinstage1andstage2nonREMsleep.
Theneurotransmitteracetylcholine(ACh)hastheabilityto
switchonandmaintainREMsleep.
Theneurotransmitterserotoninhastheabilitytoswitchoff
andsuppressREMsleep.
REMsleeponlyprovidesoneofthetworequirementsneeded
fordreamingtooccur.
Thesecondrequirementisthatthedopaminergiccircuitmust
beengaged.
Theneurotransmitterdopaminecanengagethedopaminergic
circuit.
Usingtheaboveguidelinesoneshouldbeabletoeasilygenerate
longdurationvividdreamexperiences.Butthereisstillsomething
missingfromtheequation.Whatisitthatdistinguishesregular
dreamingfromluciddreaming?Luciddreamingisauniquestate:the
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bodyisasleepyetthemindisawakeandselfaware.Inthisstatewe
areneitherfullyasleepnorarewefullyawake,wearesimultaneously
inbothstates.Ibelievethisuniquestateisachievedwhenthelevels
ofcertainneurotransmittersareincreasedbeyondwhatistypically
associatedwithsleepandmorecloselyresemblelevelsassociated
withbeingawake.Acetylcholineisakeyluciditytriggerbecause,
amongotherthings,itincreasesourwakefulness.Anotherexcellent
luciditytriggerisaneurotransmittercallednorepinephrinewhichis
mainlyassociatedwithbeingawakeratherthanwithbeingasleep.It
isalsoforthisreasonthatdopamine,whichheavilypromotes
dreaming,doesnotnecessarilypromoteluciddreaming(thisisnotto
underminetheprofoundeffectthatdopaminehasonluciddreams)
andwhyserotoninmustbeusedindirectlytoaidinluciddream
enhancement.
Beforediscussinghowsupplementscanbeusedtoadjustthe
levelsoftheseneurotransmitters,aswellasthestrategythatwe
shouldfollowinordertopromotehighlevelluciddreaming,ithelpsto
brieflysummarizetherolethateachoftheseneurotransmitters
(serotonin,acetylcholine,dopamine,andnorepinephrine)playinour
dailylives.
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5
NeurotransmittersandDreaming
Ourbrainsaresimilartoacomputerinanumberofways.Our
sensesgatherinformationandinputthedataintothebrain.Thebrain
processesthedata,storesit,andproducessometypeofoutput.Just
likeacomputer,thebrainmanagesallthisbysendingmillionsoftiny
electricalimpulsesbackandforthacrossmillionsofnerveand
chemicalpathways.Thebraincontrolsandguidestheseimpulsesby
thereleaseofspecificchemicalscalledneurotransmitters.
Aneurotransmitterisanaturalchemicalinthebrain
responsiblefortransmittingmessagesfromonenervetoanother.If
youweretocomparetheroleofnervesandneurotransmitterstoan
electricalcircuit,thenerveswouldberepresentedbythecopper
wiresandtheneurotransmitterswouldberepresentedbytiny
switchesthatcandirectacurrenttospecificgroupsofwires(nerves).
Theneurotransmittersareresponsibleforactivating(ordeactivating)
specificpartsofourbrain.Bydoingso,theyareresponsiblefor
wakingusup,puttingustosleep,andmakingusdreamaswellas
playingavitalroleincontrollingourstateofmind.Ourabilitytorecall
thepast,ourlevelofalertness,aswellasouremotionalstateareall
directlyinfluencedbythelevelsofspecificneurotransmitterswithin
thebrain.
Therearefourprimaryneurotransmittersthatcontrolour
wakingandsleepcycles.Thefourprimaryneurotransmittersare:
Serotonin,Dopamine,Norepinephrine,andAcetylcholine.
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Itwillbecomeclearinreadingthefollowingsectionsthat
theseneurotransmitterscontroladelicatebalancewithinyourbrain
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andbody.Ingeneral,everythingyoueataffectsthisbalanceand
medicinesandherbscanhaveanamplifiedaffect.Boostingor
suppressinganyofthesesystemsbyexcessiveamountswill
undoubtedlyhaveanegativeimpactonyourlifeandhealth.
However,smallmodulationscanyieldprofoundbenefits.Thisisthe
basisoftreatingmostmentaldiseaseslikeAlzheimers,ADD,
depression,bipolardisorder,Schizophrenia,andmanyothers.
Forourpurposesitisbettertoerroronthesideof
conservatismandfollowtheruleofthumbthatlessisbetterand
thatexceedingtheeffectivedosagesispointless.
Serotonin(5HT):Oftheneurotransmittersthatwewilldiscuss,
serotoninplaysthemostcomplexroleinourdailylivesandprobably
themostindirectroleinluciddreamenhancement.Itistheonlyone
ofthefourthatcanactasbothanexcitatorytransmitterandan
inhibitorytransmitter.Serotoninplaysasignificantroleinboth
wakefulnessandsleep.Itisinvolvedintheregulationofmood,pain,
appetite,anddeepregenerativesleep.Serotonindeficiencieshave
beendeterminedtobeacausefordepression,certaintypesof
migraineheadaches,bipolardisorder,andanxiety.Alsolow
serotoninlevelstendtomakeitmoredifficulttofocusonesthoughts,
maybeassociatedwithpoorappetitecontrol(obesity),andarea
causeforinsomnia.
Increasedserotoninlevels,ontheotherhand,areassociated
withdecreaseddepression,decreasedanxiety,increasedrelaxation,
increaseddrowsiness,decreasedsexdrive,increasednonREM
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sleep,andsuppressedREMsleep.Drugsthatincreaseserotonin
levels,likeProzac,canrelievestressandcombatdepressionandare
amajorfocusofongoingresearch.
Ifserotoninlevelsbecometoohighhowever,onemay
experienceaphenomenonknownasSerotoninSyndrome.Thisisa
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seriousandpotentiallylifethreateningmedicalcondition
characterizedbymentalconfusion,hypomania,agitation,headache,
coma,shivering,sweating,fever,hypertension,tachycardia,nausea,
diarrhea,muscletwitching,overresponsivereflexes,tremor,
insomnia,sleepdisruption,andunrefreshingsleep.Thissyndromeis
usuallycausedbycombiningdrugsthateachaffecttheserotonergic
systeminsimilarandamplifyingways,suchasbycombiningSt.
JohnsWort(apopularnonprescriptionherbthatcansimultaneously
boostserotonin,dopamine,andnorepinephrinelevels)withother
serotoninboostingdrugs.Withthisinmindoneshouldalwaysbe
awareofnegativedruginteractionsthatcanoccurwhencombining
varioussupplements.Informativedecisionsandconservatismarea
must.
Serotoninandsleep:Serotoninplaysanimportantroleinregulating
sleep.Aswedriftofftosleep,serotoninlevelsbegintoriseand
continuetodosoaswemovedownintothedeepeststagesofnon
REMsleep.Atthispointserotoninlevelsstarttodecreaseaswe
movefromdeepsleepbackupthroughthelighterstagesand
diminishcompletelywhenweenterREMsleep.Thereforethe
amountofserotonininyoursystemhasadirectimpactonwhich
stageofsleepyouarein.Moreserotoningenerallyimpliesdeeper
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levelsofnonREMsleep.Forthisreason,serotoninboostingdrugs
arewidelyusedtocombatinsomnia.
Serotoninanddreams:Foods,medicines,andherbalsupplements
thatincreaseserotoninlevelshaverepeatedlybeenshowntocause
morevividdreams.Onemustaskhowthisispossiblesinceit
appearsthatincreasedserotoninlevelsreducethetimespentin
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REMsleep(thestagewherethemostvividdreamstendtooccur).
Themostcommonexplanationisthatserotoninbaseddreamsare
causedbytheREMreboundeffect.Serotonindreamstendtooccur
inthemorninghourswhenthemedicationsarewearingoffand
serotoninlevelsaredropping.Thissuggeststhatduringthefirsthalf
ofthenight,whiletheselevelsareelevated,REMsleepis
suppressedandmoretimeisspentinthedeepernonREMsleep
stages.Asserotoninlevelsdrop,thebodycompensatesforthelack
ofREMsleepbymaintaininglowerlevelsforextendedperiodsof
time.ThisresultsinlongerandmoreintenseperiodsofREMsleepin
themorninghours.Eventhoughthesleepstageshavebeen
rearrangedabit(moredeepsleepinthefirsthalfofthenightand
moreREMsleepinthesecondhalfofthenight,theneteffectisa
balancednightssleep.Furthermore,ithasbeenmyexperiencethat
supplementsthatincreaseserotoninlevelstendtogeneratemore
calmandrelaxingdreams.Thereisalsoamarkedincreasein
vividnessthatisveryrefreshing.Thenegativeaspectofserotonin
dreamsisthattheyseemtobehardertorememberthanthose
relatedtotheotherneurotransmitters.Thishighlightsaninteresting
point:vividsensoryexperiencedoesnotimplyvividmemoryofthat
experience.
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Serotoninandluciddreams:Serotonincanaffectluciddreamingin
anumberofwayssomeofwhicharepositiveandsomeofwhichare
negative.Onthepositiveside,serotoninboostingsupplementscan
causeREMreboundwhichcansetupextendedperiodsofREM
sleepinthemorninghours(ormorespecifically:afterthe
supplementshavemostlywornoff).Remembermostluciddreams
occurduringREMsleep,solongerperiodsofREMcanresultinan
increasedchanceofhavingaluciddreamalongwithbeinglongerin
general.Furthermore,serotoninboostingsupplementscanincrease
yourqualityofsleep.Althoughthismaynotbeapparentyet,wewill
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seethatsomeofthesupplementsdiscussed,significantlyincrease
thetimespentinREMsleep.Ifthesesupplementsaretakentoo
earlyinthenight,itispossibletoexperienceadrasticreductionin
deepnonREMsleep.Thiswillresultinfeelingenergydeprivedthe
nextday.Thisfeelingcanbereducedifthesetypesofsupplements
aretakenafter4or5hoursofsleepbecausealargerpercentageof
deepsleepoccursduringthefirsthalfofthenight.Furthermore,if
thesetypesofsupplementsaretakenafter4or5hoursofsleepand
ifaserotoninboostingsupplementistakenjustbeforebedtime,the
resultcanbeoneofabalancednightssleepwithextendedtime
spentinahighlevelluciddream.Thisisaveryimportantfactorto
considerwhentryingtohavehighlevelluciddreamsthreeormore
timesperweek.Ifyoursleepisnotbalancedonanyindividualnightit
willtrytorebalanceitselfonthefollowingnight(ornights).Ifyou
furtherdepriveyourselfofdeepnonREMsleep,yourbodywilltry
evenhardertorebalanceitself.Theresultisthatyoubegintofeel
moreandmoreenergydeprivedduetothisconflictyoureputting
yourbodyin.Eventuallythebodywillstarttowinandyourlucid
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dreamswillsufferinbothdurationandfrequency.Althoughthisisan
indirectbenefitofserotoninboostingsupplements,itisonethat
needstobeconsideredandtakenadvantageof.
Thenegativecharacteristicofserotoninboostingsupplements
istheywillsignificantlydecreaseyouroddsofbecominglucidifthey
arestillinyoursystemduringaluciddreamattempt.Forthisreason
onemustbecarefulandthoughtfulofboththedosagesandthe
consumptiontimesofthesetypesofsupplements.Rememberthat
REMsleepisnormallyassociatedwithincreasedlevelsof
acetylcholineandreducedlevelsofserotonin.Becausethemethod
describedinthisbookdependsonmovingdirectlyfromwakefulness
intoREMsleepinordertoinitiatealuciddream,itisimportantthat
serotoninlevelsnotbetoohighduringtheattempt.
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Serotoninandsupplements:Serotonintakenorallydoesnotpass
intotheserotonergicpathwaysofthecentralnervoussystem
becauseitdoesnotcrossthebloodbrainbarrier.However,the
aminoacidTryptophananditsmetabolite5hydroxytryptophan(5
HTP),fromwhichserotoninissynthesized,cananddocrossthe
bloodbrainbarrier.Itisbelievedthat5HTPismoreeffectivethan
Tryptophanatincreasinglevelsofserotonininsidethebrainbecause
itmorereadilycrossesthebloodbrainbarrierandbecauseitisthe
directprecursortoserotonin.Anotherinterestingsupplementthat
actsviatheserotonergicpathwayisMelatonin.Melatoninisthe
substanceinthebrainthatserotoninismetabolizedinto:Serotonin
Melatonin.TherearesomestudiesthatsuggestthatMelatonin
doesnotsuppressREMsleepalthoughIpersonallydoubtthisisthe
case.Allthreeofthesesubstancesareavailableasadietary
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supplementandallhavebeencitedascausingvividdreams.Ihave
notexperimentedwithTryptophan,buthavehadgoodsuccesswith
both5HTPandMelatonin.Thesesubstanceswillbediscussedin
detailinalatersectionofthisbook.
Dopamine:Dopamineismostfamousforitsstimulantand
pleasurableeffects,andalsoappearstoplayanimportantrolein
learningandcontrollingyourbodysmovementandbalance.
Dopamineplaysacentralroleinourbodysnaturalrewardsystem
andthereforeisacrucialfactorinmotivation.
Duetothegenerallypositivefeelingsassociatedwith
increasedlevelsofdopamine,virtuallyeverydrugofabuse,including
heroinandotheropiates,alcohol,cocaine,amphetamineand
nicotineactivatethedopaminesystemstosomedegreeoranother.
Elevateddopaminelevelstendtomakepeopleeuphoric,confident,
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aggressive,andmorealert.Ithasevenbeensuggestedthatan
increaseindopaminelevelsresultinanenhancementinverbal
fluencyandcreativity.
Decreaseddopaminelevelstendtomakepeoplemoretired,
forgetful,andgenerallylackingdriveandvitality.Lowerthanaverage
dopaminelevelsalsocontributetolowlevelsofselfesteemand
libido.
Thereareanumberofpsychiatricdisordersassociatedwith
dopamineimbalances.Forexample,Schizophreniaisthoughttobe
caused,atleastinpart,byexcessivelevelsofdopamineand
Parkinsonsdiseasehasbeenshowntoberelatedtoasignificant
dopaminedeficiency.Mooddisorders,includingcertaintypesof
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depressionarealsothoughttoberelatedtodopaminedeficiencies
withinthebrain.
Anotherinterestingandimportantfactorishowtheaging
processtakesaninevitabletollondopaminergicneuronsvia
oxidativestress.Dopaminecontentofthebrainisstableuntilaround
age45,andthendecreaseslinearlybyabout13%everydecade.
Whenthelossofdopaminereachesaround30%Parkinsonian
symptomsmaysurface.Thismayalsopartiallyexplainwhypeoplein
general,haveastrongerlustforlifeandlibidointheiryoungeryears
thanintheirelderyears.
Dopamineandsleep:Unlikeserotonin,dopaminedoesnotseemto
playamajorroleinregulatingthesleepcycleinthatthedopamine
dependentneuronsundergoonlysightmodulationsoveratwenty
fourhourperiod.
Dopamineanddreams:Someofthemostinterestingeffectson
dreamingattributedtodopaminehavecomefromreportsof
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Parkinsonsdiseasepatientswhotakethedopamineincreasingdrug,
Ldopa,aspartoftheirtreatment.Ithasbeenshownthatincreasing
dopaminelevelsduringsleepcanhaveadramaticaffecton
dreaming,makingdreamsmorevivid,longerindurationandperhaps
morenightmarish.Thisistrueeventhoughtheincreaseddopamine
levelsdonothaveasignificantimpactonREMsleep.Theaffectof
dopamineondreamswiththecorrespondinglackofaffectonREM
sleephascausedashiftinmoderndaydreamtheories.Nolongerdo
scientistsbelievethatREMisexclusivelyrequiredorevennecessary
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fordreaming.Althoughthismaybethecase,letsnotforgetthatthe
majorityifluciddreamsdoseemtooccurinREMsleep.
Myownexperiencewithdopaminedreamshasbeen
extremelyinteresting.Dopaminedreamstendtobeactionpacked
andconsistentlycarrythethemeofhavingtoovercomesomekindof
adversary.Furthermore,dopaminedreamstendtobefully
participatoryinthatyouarealwaysactivelycaughtupintheaction
ratherthanpassivelyobservingitfromthesidelines.Whendescribing
dopaminedreamstheyoftensoundnightmarish(vampires,snakes,
gunbattles,physicalattacksarecommondreamplots)yetthe
experienceofdopaminedreamsisverydifferentfromwhatIconsider
tobeanightmare.Myemotionalstateduringadopaminedreamis
oneofextremeconfidenceandtotallylackinginfear.Eventhough
thereisalwaysanadversarypresent,thetypicalthemeisonein
whichIriseup,directlyfacetheadversary,andprevail.WhenIwake
upItendtofeeltriumphant,confident,andmotivated.
Dopamineandluciddreams:Dopamineplaysanimportantrolein
producinghighlevelluciddreamshoweverittypicallydoesntactas
aluciddreamtrigger.Bythis,Imeanthatincreasingdopaminelevels
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inthebraindoesntseemtoresultinmorefrequentluciddream
experiences.Thatbeingsaid,increasingdopaminelevelsresultina
profoundeffectontheabilitytocontrolthedreamifyoudobecome
lucid.Theenhancedconfidenceandlackoffearthatwasprevalentin
thenonluciddopaminedreamsisalsopresentintheluciddopamine
dreams.Itisoftensaidthatyoucandoanythinginaluciddreamas
longasyoubelieveyoucan.Theincreasedconfidenceresultingfrom
dopaminegivesyouthepowertobelievethatyoureallycando
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anything.Theresultisnothingshortofmiraculous!Considerthe
exampleofflying.Mostlikelyeveryluciddreamerhastakentothe
skiesatsomepointoranother.Butjustbecauseyoucanflydoesnt
meanthatyoucanflywell.Manyluciddreamerssitepoorly
controlledandclumsyexperiencesandalargenumberof
experiencesareprobablybetterdescribedasfloatingratherthan
reallyflying.Thisisnotthecasewhendopaminelevelsareelevated.
Highspeed,highprecisionsupermanstyleflyingbecomesthenorm
ratherthantheexception.Alsoconsiderthecaseofchangingyour
dreamsurroundings.Themostcommonapproachofaccomplishing
thisisfortheluciddreamertostartspinningwiththeintentionofthe
surroundingschangingtomeettheirdesires.Manyluciddreamers
strugglewiththis.Onceagaindopaminehasaprofoundeffect.Just
thespinningaloneisincredibleandeasilyoutperformsworldclass
iceskatersinspeed,acceleration,andduration.Ofcoursethebest
partiswhereyouwantedtogo,youhavearrived.Thesearejusttwo
ofthecountlessnumberofexamplesofenhanceddreamcontrol
availableviathedopaminergicpathway.
Dopamineandsupplements:Dopaminetakenorallydoesnotpass
intothedopaminergicpathwaysofthecentralnervoussystem
becauseitdoesnotcrossthebloodbrainbarrier.Theimmediate
precursortodopamineisachemicalcalledLdopaanditdoespass
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throughthebloodbrainbarrier.TherearetwotypesofLdopaa
purifiedsyntheticformthatisavailablewithprescriptiononly,anda
naturaloccurringformthatispresentinseveralspeciesofbeans.
ThespeciesthatcontainsbyfarthehighestLdopacontentiscalled
MucunaPruriens.Thisherbisavailableasadietarysupplementand
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hasbeenstandardizedtovaryingconcentrationsofLdopacontent.
Thereareotherdopamineprecursorsthatarereadilyavailable
(namelyphenylalanineandtyrosine)butMucunaPruriensprovides
themostdirectmethodofincreasingdopaminelevels.Iwilldiscuss
MucunaPruriensindetailinalatersectionofthisbook.
Acetylcholine(ACh):Acetylcholinewasthefirstneurotransmitter
tobeidentifiedintheearly1900s.AChplaysamajorroleinthe
stimulationofmuscles,memory,thinking,learning,aswellas
regulatingsleepandcontrollingemotions.Withinthebrain,
acetylcholineisthoughttoplayamajorroleintheformation,storage,
andrecallofmemories.Duetothisfact,acetylcholineisthefocusof
anenormousamountofresearchandisthecurrentbasisforthe
treatmentofAlzheimersdiseaseanddementia.Duetoitsroleinthe
stimulationofmuscleshowever,acetylcholinehasalsobeentargeted
byseveralstrongpoisons.Forexample,Curareisapoisonthat
blocksacetylcholinereceptorsandcancauseseveremuscle
paralysis.Ontheothersideofthespectrum,sometypesofnerve
gasacttopreventthebreakdownofacetylcholineandresultin
severemusclespasms.
Slightlyelevatedacetylcholinelevelsareassociatedwith
goodmemory,abilitytolearn,andincreasedtimespentinREM
sleep.Decreasedacetylcholinelevelsareassociatedwithpoor
memory(Alzheimersdisease),inabilitytothinkclearly,poor
reasoningskills,fatigue,andsuppressedREMsleep.
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Anotherinterestingandimportantfactisthatasweagethe
levelsofacetylcholinepresentinourbrainstendtodecrease.This
hasanegativeimpactonourabilitytorememberandeventothink
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clearly.InadvancedAlzheimersdisease,wherethememoryhas
almosttotallystoppedfunctioning,acetylcholinelevelscanbeas
muchas90%lowerthannormallevels.Thereisawealthofclinical
evidencesuggestingthatpeopleshouldsupplementtheirdietswith
acetylcholineboostingnutrientsinordertohelpensureanimblemind
andhenceagoodqualityoflifeduringthesenioryears.
Acetylcholineandsleep:AChplaysamajorroleintheregulationof
sleep.AChlevelsstarttodropaswedriftofftosleepandreachtheir
lowestlevelswhenweareinthedeep,nonREMstagesofsleep.As
wemovebackuptowardREMsleep,AChlevelsincreaseandreach
levelscomparedtothewakingstateduringREMsleep.Acetylcholine
andserotoninworktogetherinaninverserelationshipinorderto
controloursleep.
DeepnonREMsleepHighSerotonin+LowAcetylcholine
REMsleepLowSerotonin+HighAcetylcholine
Thispairingofacetylcholineandserotonintoproducethe
differentsleepstageshassomeimportantimplications.To
experiencetherejuvenationofdeepnonREMsleep,itisnot
sufficienttojustboostyourserotoninlevelsbutratheritmustbe
coupledwithadecreaseinacetylcholinelevels.Toexperiencethe
dreamrichREMstateitisnotsufficienttojustboostyour
acetylcholinelevelsbutratheritmustbecoupledwithadecreasein
serotoninlevels.Thissubtlepointhasimportantimplicationswhenit
comestochoosingatimetoinitiatealuciddream.Sincethebody
triestoenterthedeep,nonREMstagesduringthefirstpartofthe
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nightanddoessobyincreasingserotoninlevelsinthebrain,itisbest
nottotrytoartificiallyraisetheacetylcholinelevels(viaa
supplement)duringthisperiod.Doingsodoeslittletopromotelucid
dreamingandessentiallyrobsyouofthedeepsleepyouneed.So
insteadofputtingyourbodyinconflictwithitself,itisbyfarmore
effectivetoletthebodyrestnaturallyfor4or5hoursbefore
stimulatingthecholinergicsystemwithsupplements.
Acetylcholineanddreams:Acetylcholinehasaprofoundeffecton
dreamingandthesupplementsthatboostacetylcholinelevelstendto
causelongandvividdreamexperiences.Acetylcholineplaysadual
roleindreamenhancement:increasedtimespentinREMsleep
PLUSimprovedmemoryofthedreamexperience.Therolein
memoryisoftenoverlookedwhendiscussingthedreambenefitsof
acetylcholine.Itmaybeeventhatthememoryboostplaysthebigger
rolecausingyoutosimplyrememberthedreambetter.Whetherits
thememoryboostortheREMboostthatplaysthebiggerrolein
dreamenhancementisupfordebate,butthefactthatincreasing
AChlevelsleadstolongandvividdreamexperiencescannotbe
denied.
Acetylcholineandluciddreams:Acetylcholinehasaprofound
effectonluciddreaming.ThesupplementsthatincreaseAChlevels
havetheabilitytoactuallytriggerluciddreamexperienceswhen
usedcorrectly.Theydosobyallowingyoutomovedirectlyfromthe
wakingstateintoavividdreamstatewithoutlosingconsciousness.
Recallthattherearetwokindsofluciddreamscommonlydiscussed
amongenthusiasts:DILDsandWILDs.ADILDischaracterizedby
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thedreameralreadybeingwithinadreambeforelucidityoccurs.In
thesecasesthedreamerusuallyrecognizessomethingpeculiarand
thensuddenlybecomeawarethattheyaredreaming.AWILDis
characterizedbyanunbrokencontinuumofconsciousnessasthe
dreamermovesfromtheconsciousstateintothedreamstate.Itis
commonlystatedthatapproximately90%ofluciddreamsareDILDs
andonly10%areWILDs.OneproblemwithDILDsisitgenerally
requiresalotofpracticebeforeyougetgoodatinducingthem.Your
mindisalreadysleepinginsidethedreamandyouhavetolearnto
wakeitupinordertobecomelucid.Anotherwayofsayingitisthat
youhavealreadylostconsciousnessandnowyoumustlearntogetit
backagain.WithaWILD,ontheotherhand,yourconsciousnessis
unbroken.Thereisnohavingtodiscoveryourelucid.Youalready
arerightfromthebeginning.Ittakesthehitandmissoutoflucid
dreamingaltogether.Theproblemisthatwhenyoulaydownyour
mindtendstofalltosleepjustasfastasyourbodydoesanditcan
takeyearsofmeditationandpracticetobecomeskilledattheartof
keepingyourmindawakeandalertwhileyoutransitionintosleep.It
isanamazingtruththatsupplementsthatboostAChlevelscan
greatlyassistyouinthistransition!Thismakespossibleareversalin
luciddreamstatisticsinthatwhenusingsupplements,approximately
90%ofluciddreamscanbeWILDs.EvenifyoudontattemptWILDs,
thehigherAChlevelsincreaseselfawarenessmakingiteasierto
recognizedreamsignstherebyhavingmoreDILDs.
Acetylcholineandsupplements:Duetoitsstrongroleinretaining
memoryandkeepinganimblemind,supplementsthatboostACh
levelsinthebrainareoftenreferredtoasbrainfood.Therearethree
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commontypesofsupplementsavailable:thosethatform
acetylcholineinthebrain(AChprecursors),thosethatmimicthe
actionsofacetylcholineinthebrain(AChagonist),andthosethat
preventthebreakdownofacetylcholineinthebrain(AChEinhibitors).
AllthreecanbeusedasaluciddreamtriggeralthoughtheACh
precursorsseemtobesomewhatlesseffectivethaneithertheACh
agonistortheAChEinhibitors.Allthreetypeswillbediscussedina
latersection.
Norepinephrine(NE):Norepinephrine(alsocallednoradrenalin)
hascometoberecognizedasplayingasignificantroleinattention,
focus,andmemory.Specificallynorepinephrineisassociatedwith
theabilitytonotgetdistractedfromwhatyouredoingandtoalso
haveastrongworkingmemory.Forpeoplewhosufferfrom
ADD/ADHD,medicationssuchasRitalinareprescribedtohelp
increaselevelsofnorepinephrinewithinthebrain.
Withnorepinephrine,moresothanwiththeother
neurotransmitters,itisespeciallyimportanttodistinguishbetween
thenorepinephrinethatisinthebrainandthenorepinephrinethatis
intheblood.Ingeneral,norepinephrineisabrainchemicalinthat,
thebrainiswhereitisstoredandreleased.Howeverifthelevelsin
thebrainexceedacertainthreshold,thenorepinephrinebeginsto
excretefromthebrainandintothebloodstreamwhereitisthen
carriedthroughoutthebody.Thisprocessisknownasoverflow.
Whennorepinephrinegetsintothebloodstreamitactsasaflightor
fightsubstance.Itincreasesourheartbeatandrespiratoryrate,and
canfilluswithnervoustension.
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Norepinephrineandsleep:Norepinephrineisnormallyassociated
withwakefulnessratherthansleep.Amphetaminesusuallyrelease
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significantamountsofnorepinephrineandtoomuchwillmakeitvery
difficulttofalltosleep.Thisbeingsaid,onewouldexpectthat
norepinephrinelevelswoulddecreaseduringdeepsleepand
increaseasonemovestowardwakefulnessandREM.Thisisnot
quitetruebecausethenorepinephrinesystemessentiallyshutsoff
duringtypicalREMsleep.
Norepinephrineanddreams:Ingeneral,norepinephrineis
consideredtobelessrelatedtodreamingthantheotherthreetypes
ofneurotransmitters(serotonin,dopamine,andacetylcholine).
ThroughpersonalexperienceIhavefoundtheprofoundeffects
norepinephrinecanhaveondreaming.Supplementsthatboost
norepinephrinelevels(inthebrain)canproducesimilarresultsas
acetylcholineboostingsupplements.Thedreamexperiencestendto
belongandextremelyvivid.Unlikeacetylcholinehowever,
norepinephrinedoesnotseemtoinitiateREMsleepbutrather
supportsitsandprolongsit.
Norepinephrineandluciddreams:Norepinephrinecanhavea
profoundeffectonluciddreaming.Takenintherightdose,itcanact
asaluciddreamtriggerinthesamewaythatacetylcholinecan.
Norepinephrinedoesmorethanjusttriggerluciddreamshoweverit
helpsyoustayextremelylucidforverylongperiodsoftime.In
addition,itkeepsyoufocusedandalertwhileinthedreamand
greatlyenhancestheabilitytorecalldetailsandmemoriesfromyour
wakinglifewhilewithinthedream.Thisallowsyoutomaintain
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constantattentiononaccomplishinganygoals,experiments,orother
assignmentsthatyouhavepreparedforthedream.Thereare
severalkeystousingnorepinephrineboostingsupplementshowever.
Theymustbeusedinverysmalldosesandtheyaremosteffectiveif
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takenwhennaturallyenteringREMsleep.Sincenorepinephrinedoes
notseemtoinitiateREMlikeAChdoes,thetwocanbeused
togethertoproduceanextremelyeffectiveluciddreamtrigger.
Norepinephrineandsupplements:Thereareveryfewnon
prescriptionsupplementsthatcanincreasenorepinephrinelevels
withoutsimultaneouslyaffectingserotoninanddopaminelevels.A
classofsubstancesknownasalpha2adrenergicblockersisknown
toindirectlyraisenorepinephrinelevelsinthebrainbypreventingthe
bindingofnorepinephrinetothealpha2nervecellreceptors.
Unfortunately,therearefewnaturalsupplementsavailablewithouta
prescription.Onesupplementthatisavailableisasubstancecalled
Yohimbinewhichisveryeffectiveiftakeninextremelysmalldoses.
Yohimbinewillbediscussedinalaterchapter.
Summary:Eachofthesefourneurotransmittersplaysacrucialrole
inboththewakingandsleepcycles,includingdreamingandlucid
dreaming.Wecanuseeachtoouradvantageinordertosetupthe
bestpossiblecircumstancestoobtainenhancedluciddream
experiences.
Serotonin:Playsanindirectroleinluciddreaming.Increasing
serotoninwillincreasethetimespentinnonREMsleepbyactively
suppressingREMsleep.Althoughthepathisindirect,theserotonin
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systemcanstillbeusedasaluciddreamaidbyutilizingtheREM
reboundeffect.Serotonincanalsobeusedtoincreasetheoverall
qualityofsleepbyallowingthedreamertobetterbalancethetime
spentinbothnonREMandREMsleepstages.
Dopamine:Mostlikelyplaysafundamentalroleindreaming
althoughdopaminebyitselfdoesnotseemtoactasaluciddream
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trigger.However,dopaminegreatlyincreasesthecontrolthata
dreamerhaswithinaluciddreambysubstantiallyincreasing
confidenceandmotivationlevels.
Acetylcholine:Playsamajorroleinincreasingmemoryand
promotingREMsleep.Acetylcholinecanactasaluciddreamtrigger
byallowingthedreamertomovemoreeasilyfromwaking
consciousnessdirectlyintoadream.
Norepinephrine:Thisneurotransmitterisgenerallythoughttohave
muchmoretodowiththewakingstateasopposedtothesleepstate
althoughmyexperimentshaveshownittobeavaluabletoolfor
dreamenhancement.Norepinephrinecanactasluciddreamtriggerif
takenwhennaturallyenteringREMorcanbeusedsynergistically
withACh.Norepinephrinecangreatlyenhancefocusandattention
duringaluciddream.Norepinephrinealsohelpswithremembering
yourwakinglifewithinthedreamstateandconverselyyourdream
lifewithinthewakingstate.
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IndividualSupplementProfiles
InthefollowingchaptersIshalldiscussthespecificoverthe
countersupplementsthathavemadethebiggestimpactonmylucid
dreamdevelopment.ThegoalofPart2istointroduceeachofthe
individualsupplementsbysummarizingtheirkeycharacteristics,
typicaldoses,possiblesideeffects,andsoon.Iwillalsocommenton
theroleeachofthesesupplementshasplayedinmyluciddream
development.
Ingeneral,pleaseexercisecautionandcommonsensewhen
itcomestotakingdietarysupplementsofanykind.Istrongly
recommendyouconsultadoctorbeforetakingsupplements,
especiallyifyouhave(orthinkyoumayhave)anymedical
conditions,oraretakingprescriptiondrugsforhealthreasons.
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6
ImportantDefinitions
Thereareafewdefinitionsandconceptsthatarehelpfulto
understand.Keepinmindthatnotallsupplementsarecreatedequal
evenifthelabelssaytheydoexactlythesamething.Inordertohelp
understandtheirusefulness,Ilisttenkeycharacteristicsusedto
comparesupplementstoeachotherandtomyowngoalsofdream
enhancement.
BloodBrainBarrier:Usingsupplementstoenhancedreaming
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requiresthattheyhavesomeeffectonthebrainschemistry.The
bodyregulateswhichsubstancescanpassintothebrainthrougha
systemreferredtoasthebloodbrainbarrier.Thisbarrieractsasa
typeoffilterthatonlypermitscertainsubstancestopassfromthe
bloodintothebrain.Therearemanysubstances,andthereforemany
supplements,thatdonoteasilycrossthebloodbrainbarrier.These
typesofsubstanceswillbeoflittleornouseinenhancinglucid
dreamdevelopment.Unfortunately,mostoftheneurotransmitters
themselvesdonotcrossthisbarrierandthereforetakingoraldoses
ofserotoninordopamine,forexample,willhavenoeffectonthe
serotoninordopaminelevelsinthebrain.Thesupplementsoutlined
inthisbookreadilycrossthebloodbrainbarrierandacttoincrease
neurotransmitterlevelswithinthebrainbyusingoneofseveral
mechanismsofactiondescribedbelow.
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MechanismofAction:Neurotransmitters,likeACh,donoteasily
passthroughthebloodbrainbarrier,sothesupplementsmustbe
abletoenterthebrainandthenworktoincreasetheneurotransmitter
levels.Thereareseveralmechanismsofactionthatthesupplements
canusetoaccomplishthis.Understandingthesemechanismswill
helpdeterminewhichsupplementshavethebestpotentialof
producingpositiveresults,andgiveinsightsonhowdifferent
supplementsmightworktogethersynergisticallytofurtherenhance
luciddreamdevelopment.
Thefourprimaryactionmechanismsaretheprecursor,the
agonist,theantagonist,andthereuptakeinhibitor.
Precursor:Aprecursorisasubstanceorcomponentfromwhich
anothersubstanceiscreated.Inotherwordsaprecursorisan
ingredientnecessarytoformadifferentsubstance.Forexample,
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dopaminedoesnotcrossthebloodbrainbarrier,butseveralofits
precursorsdo.Onceadopamineprecursorcrossesthebloodbrain
barrieritisutilizedintheproductionofdopamine.Sincethe
dopamineisnowbeingproducedinsidethebrain,thebloodbrain
barriernolongerplaysarole.
Eachofthefourneurotransmittersdescribedinthisbookcanbe
directlyaffectedbyusingprecursors.Ageneralruleisthatthecloser
theprecursoristothefinalproduct,themoreefficientlyitwillwork
(assumingofcoursethatitcanpassthroughthebloodbrainbarrier).
Thefollowingsummarizestheprimaryprecursorsofserotonin,
acetylcholine,dopamineandnorepinephrine.
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1.Serotoninprecursors:
Tryptophan5HTPSerotoninNAcetylSerotonin
Melatonin
Withintheserotoninsynthesislineallbutserotonin
andnAcetylserotoninpassthroughthebloodbrainbarrier
andareavailableasnonprescriptionsupplements.Since5
HTPiscloserinthechaintoserotoninitself,ittendstobethe
mostefficientprecursoratraisingserotoninlevelsinthebrain,
althoughTryptophanwouldalsobeanoption.Ascanbeseen
fromthediagram,elevatedserotoninlevelsalsoleadtoan
increaseinMelatoninalthoughsinceiteasilypassesthrough
thebloodbrainbarrier,aMelatoninsupplementisprobably
moreefficient.
2.Acetylcholineprecursors:
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VitaminB5CoAAcetyl
CholineSupplementPhosphatidylcholineCholine
Choline+AcetylAcetylcholine
Acetylcholineisformedbyaddinganacetylgroup
ontoacholinemolecule.VitaminB5istheprimaryprecursor
neededtoformtheacetylgroup.Mostnormaldietsinclude
sufficientamountsofvitaminB5soyouprobablyhaveplenty
ofacetylgroupsinyourbrainatanygiventimethatcanbe
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usedtohelpformacetylcholine.Thisisnotthecasefor
Cholinehowever.
Onlytwotypesofcholinesupplementsefficientlycross
thethroughthebloodbrainbarrier:GPC&CDPcholine.Of
thesetwoGPCisdefinitelythebestoneforluciddream
enhancementforreasonshighlightedinchapter8.Boththese
supplementsincreaselevelsofPhosphatidylcholinewithinthe
brainwhichthenrevertsbacktocholineinordertoform
acetylcholine.
3.DopamineandNorepinephrineprecursors
PhenylalanineTyrosineLDopaDopamine
NorepinephrineEpinephrine
Dopaminedoesnotpassthroughthebloodbrain
barrierbutallthreeofitsprecursorsdo.Ofthethree,Ldopa
isbyfarthemostefficientatincreasingdopaminelevels
withinthebrain,althoughPhenylalanineandTyrosineare
possiblealternatives.PureLdopaisonlyavailableby
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prescriptionbutthereareseveralspeciesofbeansthat
naturallycontainLdopa.Thetypethatcontainsbyfarthe
highestLdopacontentiscalledMucunaPruriens.Mucuna
Pruriensisavailableasanonprescriptionsupplement.
Asyoucanseefromtheabovediagram,dopamineis
theimmediateprecursortonorepinephrineandthereforeany
precursortodopamineisalsoaprecursortonorepinephrine.
Unlikedopaminehowever,norepinephrinecanpassthrough
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bloodbrainbarrieralthoughitisavailableonlybyprescription.
Youwouldntwanttouseitanywaybecauseonceinthe
blood,norepinephrinecausesahostofundesirableside
effectssuchasrapidheartbeat,increasedbloodpressure,
hypertension,andothers.Norepinephrineisbestkeptwithin
thebrain.
Agonist:Anagonistisasubstancethatmimicstheactionsofa
neurotransmitterbybindingtothespecificreceptorsofthenaturally
occurringsubstance.Inotherwords,anagonistisatotallydifferent
chemicalthatactsinthesamewayasoneoftheneurotransmitters.
Neurotransmittersworkbybindingtospecifictypesofreceptors.The
shapeoftheneurotransmitterdetermineswhetheritcanfitintoand
bind(lock)tothereceptor.Youcanthinkofaneurotransmitterasa
keyandareceptorasalock.Thekeymusthavethecorrectshapein
ordertofitintoandactivatethelock.Anagonisthasessentiallythe
sameshapeastheneurotransmitterandthereforecanalsobindto
thereceptorandactivateit.Thereforeanagonistproducesthesame
resultastheneurotransmitteritself.Unfortunately,nonprescription
agonistsarescarce.TheonlyagonistIhaveincludedisNicotine(via
apatch).Nicotineisapowerfulacetylcholineagonistthatcan
produceexcellentluciddreamresults,butofcourse,hassome
seriousdrawbacks.Nicotinewillbecoveredindetailinchapter9.
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Antagonist:Anantagonistisasubstancethatblockstheactionof
anothersubstance.Inkeepingwiththekeyandlockanalogy,
whereasanagonistcanfitintothelockandopenit,anantagonist
canfitintothelockbutdoesnotopenit.Insteaditblocksthecorrect
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key(agonistorneurotransmitter)fromopeningthelock.Thistypeof
actioncanindirectlyleadtoabuildupofspecificneurotransmitters
bynotlettingthembeutilized(usedup)efficiently.Alpha2
antagonists(sometimescalledalpha2receptorblockersoralpha2
adrenergicblockers)blockthereceptorsthatarenormallyusedto
controlthereleaseofnorepinephrine.Byblockingthesereceptors,
thebrainistrickedintothinkingthatthereislessnorepinephrinethan
isactuallypresentwhichresultsinthereleaseofadditional
norepinephrinewithinthebrain.Yohimbineisanalpha2antagonist
andwillbediscussedinchapter12.
ReuptakeInhibitor:Areuptakeinhibitorisasubstancethat
preventsthebreakdownoftheneurotransmitterallowingittostayin
yoursystemlonger.Sincetheneurotransmitteriscontinuouslybeing
produced,areuptakeinhibitorcanincreasetheamountofthe
neurotransmitterinyoursystembyhavingyourbodycreateitfaster
thanitisbreakingitdown.Reuptakeinhibitorsareprobablythe
doctorsfavoritechoiceincombatingalargenumberofmental
disorderssuchasdepression,ADD,andAlzheimersdisease.
Althoughmostreuptakeinhibitorsareprescriptionbasedtherearea
fewthatareavailableasoverthecountersupplements.Oneofthem
inparticular,Galantamine,isapowerfulsubstanceforluciddream
enhancement.Galantaminewillbediscussedindetailinchapter7.
Youshouldbecarefulwithreuptakeinhibitors,particularly
substancescalledMAOinhibitors.Monoamineoxidase(MAO)isa
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chemicalthathelpsbreakdownserotonin,dopamine,and
norepinephrine.ThereforeaMAOinhibitor,blocksMAOfrom
breakingdownthesesubstancesleadingtoincreasesinallthree
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neurotransmitterssimultaneously(inmoreorlessequalamounts).
Therearethreedisadvantagesinusingthisapproachforluciddream
enhancement.First,youlosedirectcontroloverhowmuchofeach
individualneurotransmitterisadjusted.Secondly,yougenerallydont
wanttoboostserotoninlevelsatthesametimethatyouboost
dopamineornorepinephrinelevels.SerotonindecreasesREM.Only
aftertheserotoninwearsoffisitpossibletoexperienceaREM
reboundeffect.Thirdly,MAOinhibitorstendtocausemanydrug
interactionswhichmeansyouneedtobeextracarefulwhen
combiningthesesubstanceswithothermedicines,herbs,oreven
somefoodsbecauseitispossibletoexperienceapotentially
dangerousreaction.ThereasonIpointthisoutisbecauseMAO
inhibitorsareverycommonandareoccasionallytalkedaboutby
luciddreamenthusiasts.HerbssuchasSt.JohnsWort,Passion
Flower,Nutmeg,LicoriceRootandmanyothersareconsideredMAO
inhibitorsandhavebeensitedaspotentialluciddreamenhancing
substances.Myapproachisbasedonfindingindividualsupplements
foreachofthefourindividualneurotransmittersandthereforeI
generallytrytostayawayfromMAOinhibitors.
Summary:Ihaveintroducedfourprimarymechanismsofaltering
neurotransmitterconcentrationsinthebrain:precursors,agonists,
antagonists,andreuptakeinhibitors.Weshalllearnhowtomake
useofeachofthesemechanismsinordertoproduceexceptional
luciddreamexperiences.
Timetopeakplasmalevels:Aftertakenorally,asupplement
mustpassfromthestomachintothebloodstream.Ingeneral,the
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concentrationofthesupplementinthebloodstartsatzero(atthe
timethedoseistaken),thengraduallyrisestosomemaximum
concentrationafteraperiodoftime,andthenstartstodecreaseback
towardszero.Thetimetopeakplasmalevelisthetimeittakes,
startingatthetimeyouswallowthepill,forthebloodconcentrations
toreachthemaximumstate.Thisconceptisextremelyimportant
whendecidingthebesttimetotakethesupplements.Ingeneral,you
wantthemaximumconcentrationtobereachedatthetimeoflucid
dreaminduction.Somesubstancesreachpeakplasmalevelsina
shortamountoftime(i.e.lessthan1hour)whileothersmaytake
muchlonger.
Eliminationhalflife:Thisistheamountoftimeittakesthe
plasmaconcentrationofasupplementtobecutinhalf.Forexample,
Ldopa(aprecursortodopamine)reachesitspeakplasmalevelin1
to1.5hoursafteringestion.Similarly,theplasmaconcentrationiscut
inhalfabouteveryninetyminutesthereafter.Onehourafteringestion
thepeakconcentrationisreachedninetyminuteslaterthe
concentrationisonehalfanotherninetyminutesandthepeak
concentrationisonequarterofitsmaximumlevelninetyminutes
latertooneeighthandsoon.Theeliminationhalflifeisessentiallya
measureofhowlongasubstanceremainsinyoursystem.AsIwill
pointoutinchapter18,inordertominimizedesensitizationand
toleranceissuesitisbesttoadoptofphilosophyoflettingthevarious
supplementstotallyclearoutofyoursystemaftereachluciddream
attempt.BytotallyclearoutIamimplyingthatthelevelofeach
supplementhasdroppedto3%orlessofitsmaximumvalue.
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Becauseofthisfact,wheneverpossibleIrecommendfinding
supplementswithshorteliminationhalflives.
ConcentrationCurve:Plottingthetimetopeakplasmaleveland
eliminationhalflifeinformationonacurvegivesagoodvisual
representationoftherelationshipbetweentimeandplasma
concentrationforaparticularsupplement.Thesecurvesprovidea
wealthofinformationaswewillseeintheupcomingchapters.The
followingconcentrationcurveisanexampleforGalantamine(an
AChEinhibitorthatboostsacetylcholinelevelsinthebrain).
ConcentrationcurveforGalantaminewithPeakPlasmatime=1hrandeliminationhalflife=7
hr
ThisconcentrationcurvevisuallyshowshowGalantamineis
quicklyabsorbedintothebloodstreamandthat~48hoursare
requiredbeforeitisessentiallyclearedfromthebody.
TherapeuticdoseThetherapeuticdoseisdefinedasthedoseofa
drugthatisrequiredtoachieveadesiredresult.Thetherapeutic
doserequiredforluciddreamdevelopmentisgenerallylessthanthe
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therapeuticdoseassociatedwiththemorecommonlycitedreasons
thesupplementsareused.Thisisgoodbecausesideeffectsand
druginteractionsarealmostalwaysdiminishedatsmallerdoses.
Toxicity,SideEffectsandtheTherapeuticIndex:Practically
everysubstanceknowntomanistoxicinlargeenoughdoses.The
sameistrueofsideeffects.Theimportantpointistounderstandthe
severityandfrequencyofthesideeffectsatthetherapeuticdose.
Thetherapeuticindexisonetoolusedtotrytounderstandthe
relationshipbetweenthedoseandthesideeffects.Thetherapeutic
indexisdefinedastheratiobetweentheminimumeffectivedoseand
maximumtolerateddoseofadrug.Ifthetherapeuticindexisgreater
thanonethenfewsideeffectsoccur.Iftheratioisequaltoorless
thanonethensideeffectswillalmostdefinitelyoccur.Ofcourse
anotherimportantmeasureistheseverityofthesideeffectswhich
canrangefrombarelynoticeabletolifethreatening.
Druginteractions:Adruginteractionisdefinedastheactionof
onedrugonthemetabolism,effect,ortoxicityofanotherdrug.
Sometimesdrugstakenindividuallyareverywelltoleratedbutwhen
takentogetherproduceunwantedeffects.Ofcourse,sometimestwo
drugscanactharmoniouslywitheachotherandprovideagreater
benefitthanwhentakenindividually.SinceIcommonlycombine
supplementsitisveryimportanttobeawareofanydruginteractions
thatcouldoccur(bothgoodandbad).ThisisonereasonIhavetried
tofindsupplementsthatmoreorlessfunctionononlyoneofthefour
neurotransmitters.Thisapproachallowsforbetteroverallcontroland
fewerinteractions.Asstatedbefore,someinteractionsarebeneficial
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anddesired.Forexamplethesynergythatiscreatedbycombining
anAChprecursorwithanAChEinhibitorproducesextremelygood
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oddsoftriggeringaluciddream.Themostimportantpointto
rememberistostayinformed.Manufactures,bylaw,mustdisclose
allknowndruginteractions.Particularlywhenstrivingforasynergistic
combination,alwaysstartatlowdosesinordertoseejusthow
synergisticitis.
ToleranceandDesensitization:Toleranceanddesensitization
arerelatedbutarenotsynonymouswitheachother.Where
desensitizationisaphysiologicalphenomenon,tolerancecanbe
moreofalearnedphenomena.Somesupplementscanleadtoa
desensitizationofthevariousneurotransmitterreceptorsites.Should
thisoccur,itwouldbenecessarytotakealargerdoseinordertoget
thesameeffect.Alargerdoseleadstofurtherdesensitizationwhich
inturnrequiresanotherincreaseindose.Ifthiscycleisallowedto
continueonewouldeventuallyreachthedoseatwhichnegativeside
effectsstarttooccur.Atthispointthesupplementisnolonger
effective.
Toleranceisalittledifferent.Forexample,ifsomeonedrinks
acupofcoffeebeforebedtime,theywillmostlikelylieawakefor
severalhoursuntiltheeffectsofthecaffeinewearoff.Caffeineworks
byblockingtheactionofachemicalcalledadenosine.Adenosineisa
differenttypeofneurotransmitterthantheonesdiscussedinthis
bookbutitisbelievedtobethemainsleepneurotransmitter.Ithas
beendemonstratedthatcaffeine,unlesstakeninverylargedoses
overlongperiodsoftime,doesnotleadtothedesensitizationof
adenosinereceptors.Yet,ifonecontinuestodrinkacupofcoffee,
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nightafternightbeforebedtime,eventuallyonestartstofalltosleep
withoutmuchdifficulty.Thislearnedbehaviorispartofournatural
adaptationprocess.Therearealsoevenlesstangibletypesof
tolerance.Forexample,thefirsttimeyoutakeasupplementthatyou
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believewillcauselucidity,itverylikelywill.Thisisbasedonastrong
expectationofsuccessalongwithastrongemotionalcomponent.As
yourepeattheexperimentnightafternight,eventuallyyour
expectationsandemotionsstarttonormalizeandthesupplement
losesitseffectiveness(eventhoughphysiologicallyitisstillworking).
Fortunatelythereareafewsimpleguidelinesyoucanfollow
toavoiddesensitizationandtolerance.Ihavebeenverysuccessfulin
notbuildingupatoleranceorallowingdesensitizationtotakeplace.
Thisisanextremelyimportanttopicfortheluciddreamerandan
entirechapterisdedicatedtothemethodsthatworkbest.
Dreamenhancementthresholdandtheluciditytrigger:The
Dreamenhancementthreshold(DET)isatermusedtorepresentthe
effectivenessofdifferentdosagesofaparticularsupplementat
enhancingdreams.Itisasubjectivemeasuremeanttodocumentthe
minimumdosageofasupplementthathasanundeniableeffecton
dreamvividnessandrecall.Theapproachistoexperimentwith
varyingdosagesofaparticularsubstanceandrecordhowthelevels
impactdreamvividnessandrecall(aswellasmanyotherfactors).
WhenIreachadosethathasapositiveeffectonmydreaming,Iflag
itashavingpassedtheDET.Thisinformationisusefulincomparing
theoveralleffectivenessofdifferentsupplementsandaswellas
optimizingafinalsupplementschedule.
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AluciditytriggerisanothertermIdefinedtorepresentthe
effectivenessofaparticularsupplementintriggeringaluciddream.
Notallofthesubstancesincludedinthisbookareluciditytriggers,
norshouldtheybe.Thereismoretoadvancedluciddreamingthan
justhavingaluciddream.Triggersare,ofcourse,extremely
importantbutsoisdreamcontrolandhavingtheabilitytoreason
withinthedream.
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7
Galantamine
GeneralDescription:GalantamineisclassifiedasanAChE
inhibitor.Acetylcholinesterase(AChE)isthesubstancethatbreaks
downacetylcholinewithinthebrain.Byinhibitingthisbreakdown,
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acetylcholinecanbuildtoincreasedlevels.Galantamine(aswellas
otherAChEinhibitors)isthesubjectofintenseresearchbecauseof
itsapparentabilitytoincreasememoryandactuallyimprove
Alzheimersdiseasesymptoms.NotonlydoesGalantamineinhibit
thebreakdownofacetylcholine,thereisalsoevidencethatitactsas
anacetylcholineagonistaswell.ThismeansthatGalantaminegives
adoubleboosttotheapparentlevelsofAChwithinthebrain.
Rememberthatacetylcholineisatitshighestlevelsduring
wakefulnessandREMsleep.ByincreasingAChlevelsyouwilltend
togodirectlyintoREMwhenyoufalltosleepprovidedthatyoudont
putyourbodyinconflict.Thenormalsleepcyclebeginsbymoving
quicklyintothedeeper(nonREM)stagesofsleep.Taking
Galantamineisnotnearlyaseffectiveiftakenbeforebedtimeas
opposedtoafter4or5hoursofsleep.Bytakingitbeforebedtime
youaretryingtoforceyourbodyintoREMwhenitwantstoenter
deepsleep.Youroddsofbecominglucidaregreatlyreducedand
youareessentiallydeprivingyourselfofqualitysleep.
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Whentakenafter4or5hoursofsleepGalantaminecanactas
luciditytriggerinthatitallowsyoutomovedirectlyfromwakefulness
intoadreamstatewithanunbrokenconsciousness.Thismakes
GalantaminehighlyeffectiveatproducingWILDs.Oneofthe
characteristicsthatmakesGalantaminesoeffectiveisthatitis
rapidlyabsorbedbythebody.
MechanismofAction:GalantamineisanAChE
(acetylcholinesterase)inhibitor.Acetylcholinesteraseisthechemical
thatbreaksdownacetylcholineinthebrain.ThereforeGalantamine
causestheacetylcholinewithinthebraintoincrease,bycausingthe
braintomanufactureAChfasterthanitisbeingbrokendown.There
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issomeevidencesuggestingthatgalantaminealsoactsasan
acetylcholineagonist.
ConcentrationCurve:Galantamineischaracterizedbyquick
absorptionandarelativelylongeliminationhalflife.Itreachesits
peakplasmaleveljust60minutesafteringestedbuttakesabout48
hourstobecompletelyflushedfromyousystem.
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ConcentrationcurveforGalantaminewithPeakPlasmatime=1hrandeliminationhalflife=7hr
EffectonDreams:Galantaminehasaprofoundimpacton
dreaming.Galantaminewillcauseextremelyvividandlongdreams.If
theGalantamineisallowedtofullyclearfromyoursystem(i.e.only
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takeiteveryothernightorless)dreamsseemtobenormaland
pleasant(especiallyifusingPiracetamtocounterdesensitization
seechapter10).IfGalantamineisnotallowedtocompletelyclearout
ofthebodyand/oriftolerance/desensitizationstartstooccur,dreams
canbecomemoremovielike,bazaar,andperhapsnightmarish(kind
oflikemorbidPicassoimages).Thisisanexcellentmarkerthatyou
needtotakesometimeofffromusingthesubstanceandfrom
stimulatingthecholinergicsystemingeneral.Thiscanbetotally
avoidedifluciddreamattemptsarekepttoaneveryotherdaybasis
orlessandifPiracetamisusedtocountertheeffectsofGalantamine
directlyfollowingaluciddreamattempt(seechapters10&18).
EffectonLucidDreams:AsIhavementioned,Galantaminecanbe
usedasaluciddreamtrigger.Thereareseveralothersubstances
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thatcanalsotriggerlucidity(Nicotine,GPC,andsmalldosesof
Yohimbine)butItendtofavorGalantamineforanumberofreasons.
SideEffects:Therearenumeroussideeffectslistedfor
Galantamine:Nausea,vomiting,diarrhea,dizziness,decreased
appetiteandweightloss.Thesearealldoserelatedhowever.Dueto
itspositiveimpactonmemory,Galantamineiscommonlytakento
reducetheeffectsofAlzheimersdiseaseatdosesupto24mgper
day.Luciddreamenthusiastwillfindthatnomorethan8mgare
necessarytotriggeraluciddream.Atthe8mgdoselevelthatIuseI
havenoticedthreemainsideeffects:
1.Igetsomestrangenoisescomingfrommystomach.Thisis
moreinterestingthanannoying.
2.Itispossibletogetmusclecrampsand/orspasms.There
havebeenseveraloccasionswhereIwakeupafteralucid
dreamandwhenIstandupIgetanimmediatecharleyhorse
inoneorbothofmycalves.Thishashappenedmaybe2or3
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percentofthetime.Thecrampsgoawayquicklybutthe
musclecanfeeltenseformorethanadayfollowingacramp.
3.Energydrainedonthefollowingday.Galantaminewillgivea
considerableboosttoyourcholinergicsystemandcaninturn
depriveyouofthedeeprejuvenatingsleepstages.Itismuch
bettertotakeGalantamineafterabout4or5hoursofsleep.
Thiswillgreatlyimproveyouroddsofbecominglucidandalso
allowyourbodytogetthedeepsleepitneedsinthefirstpart
ofthenight.Thiscanbefurtherenhancedbytaking5HTP
priortogoingtosleep.The5HTPsuppressesREMinthe
firsthalfofthenightandisjustaboutwornoffwhen
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Galantamineistaken.Galantaminesuppressesdeepsleepin
thesecondhalfofthenight.Theresultisamoreorless
balancednightssleep.Thisapproachhasmadeahuge
differenceinhowIfeelfollowinganightusingGalantamine.
Dosage:Ihavealmostexclusivelyused8mgcapsules.Morethan
thatisnotnecessaryandshouldbeavoidedinordertominimize
tolerance/desensitizationandavoidanynegativesideeffects.Ihave
alsoexperimentedwith4mgandstillexperiencedextremelyvivid
dreamsalthoughIcurrentlyuse8mgregularly.
SpecialNotes:NoticethatGalantamineremainsinyoursystemfor
about48hours.Thismeansthatyouracetylcholinelevelsare
boostedwellbeyondthetimeyousetasideforluciddreaming.This
canleadtotoleranceanddesensitizationissues.Onecanavoidthis
iftheyfollowthedetailedschedulelaidoutinchapters17,18,&19.
ThereareseveralformsofGalantamineavailable:pure
Galantamine,GalantaminecombinedwithaformCholineand
Galantaminecombinedwithothersupplements.Forreasonsthatwill
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becomeclearinthenextchapter,Irecommendcombining
GalantaminewithCholineeitherasapreformulatedmixtureortaken
individually.TrytoavoidpurchasingGalantaminethatispremixed
withsupplementsotherthanCholine.
AlsobeawarethatthereisanotherAChEinhibitorthatis
availablewithoutaprescription.ThissubstanceisHuperzineAand
hasbeenusedinChinesemedicineforaverylongtime.Atthe
presenttimeIhavenotdoneanyexperimentswiththissubstancebut
itmaybeanalternativetogalantamine.
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Summary:IuseGalantamineasaluciddreamtrigger.Forthisto
workGalantamineshouldbetakenafter4or5hoursofqualitydeep
sleep.SinceGalantaminetakesafull48hourstocompletelyclear
outofyoursystem,itshouldnotbetakenontwoconsecutivenights.
Ifdreamsbecomemovielikeand/orbazaarconsidertakingafew
daysoff.Piracetamcanbeuseddirectlyfollowingaluciddream
attempttocounteracttheeffectsofGalantamineandreduce
sensitivitytotoleranceand/ordesensitization.
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8
CholineSupplements
GeneralDescription:CholineisverycloselyrelatedtothevitaminB
familyandisconsideredanessentialnutrientbytheUSFoodand
DrugAdministration(FDA).TherearemanykindsofCholine
supplementsavailable:CholineSalts(CholineCitrate&Choline
Bitartrate),Lecithin(phosphatidylcholine),CDPCholine,GPC
(Glycerophosphocholine),andothers.Oftheavailableforms,the
CholinesaltsandGPChaveproventobeespeciallyusefulforlucid
dreamenhancement.
CholineSalts:
BothCholineBitartrateandCholineCitratearepartofgroupof
substancesreferredtoasCholinesalts.Whenyouseeasupplement
thatissimplycalledCholine,mostlikelyitiseitherthebitartrateor
citratevariety.Thesetwotypesarethemostcommonandmostin
expensiveformsofCholinesupplementavailable.Althoughthesalts
passthroughthebloodbrainbarrier,itisoftensaidthattheydoso
inefficiently.Theirtransportiscontrolledbytheconcentration
gradientbetweenthebloodandthebrainandnormallythebrainhas
highenoughconcentrationsofCholinetoallowonlyasmallfraction
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ofthesupplementstoenter.Howeverifbrainconcentrationsare
lower,Cholineistransportedmoreefficiently.
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Onceinthebrain,freeCholineisquicklyconvertedintoacetylcholine
andthereforelowlevelsofCholinetranslateintolowlevelsofACh
andvisaversa.SinceduringthenonREMstagesofsleep,
acetylcholinelevelsarelowerthannormal,transportoffreeCholine
isimprovedifavailable.
TheadvantagethattheCholinesaltshaveisthattheyare
morequicklyabsorbedbythebody.Thisallowsthemtobeused
synergisticallywithGalantamine.Inadditiontotheoveralllevelof
AChinthebrain,animportantfactorininitiatingaWILDistherateof
increaseofacetylcholine.GalantamineinhibitsthebreakdownofACh
butdoesnotincreasetheproductionofit.Addingoneofthesaltscan
jumpstarttheaccumulationprocessbyproducingAChatafaster
rate.Thisnoticeablyincreasestheoddsofbecominglucidandcan
intensifythetransitioningprocess(seechapter22)fromwhatis
normallyexperiencedwithGalantaminealone.
GPC:
AlthoughtheCholinesaltscanjumpstarttheaccumulationprocess,
theyquicklylosethereefficiencyastheconcentrationofACh
increases.Tokeeptheaccumulationprocessgoing,adifferenttype
ofsupplementisrequiredonethatdoesnotdependonlowlevelsof
ACh.OnlytwotypesofCholinesupplementsareknowntocrossthe
bloodbrainbarrierefficientlyundernormalconditions:CDPcholine
andGPC.Bothsupplementsactasaprecursortoacetylcholine,but
ofthetwo,GPCissuperiorwhenitcomestoluciddream
enhancement.TherearethreereasonsGPCispreferred:
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1.ThetimetopeakplasmalevelsforGPCis3hours.Whereas
thetimetopeakplasmalevelsofCDPcholineis6hours.
2.TheeliminationhalflifeofGPCis~1.5hours.Theelimination
halflifeofCDPcholineis~4.5hours.
3.IhavesuccessfullyusedGPCasaluciddreamtriggerbut
CDPcholinehasnevertriggeredaluciddreamformeor
evenhadmuchofanimpactondreamingatall.AlsoGPC
workssynergisticallywithGalantaminetogiveexcellentodds
ofbecominglucidwhereasCDPcholinedidnthaveany
noticeableimpact.
Ifyouaretryingtoincreaseyourmemory,bothsupplementsmay
workthesame.However,ifyouaretryingtodevelophighquality
luciddreams,GPChasclearadvantages.ThefactthatCDPcholine
hassuchalongtimeuntilthepeakplasmalevelsarereachedmakes
itfarfromidealfortheluciddreamer.TouseCDPcholine,onewould
mostlikelyneedtotakeitbeforebedtimesothepeakplasmalevels
wouldarriveatthetimeoftheluciddreamattempt.Althoughthismay
seemlikeaviableapproach,considerwhatishappeningtothe
qualityofdeepsleepinthehoursbeforetheattempt.Acetylcholine
levelswouldbeslowlyandsteadilyrisingwhilethebodyistryingto
maintainthelowlevelsneededforthedeeprejuvenatingsleep
stages.Theresultisadecreaseinsleepquality.
GPCstandsforGlycerophosphocholinebutithasalsobeen
called
Choline
Alfoscerate,
Alphoscerate,
Lalpha
Glycerylphosphorylcholine,andalphaGPC.GPChasbeenused
extensivelyinItalyandotherpartsofEuropebuthasonlyrecently
becomeavailableintheUnitedStates.Duetothisfact,mostofthe
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researchhascomeoutofEurope.TheEuropeanresearchisvery
impressiveandGPChasbeenshowntoimprovecognitivefunction
forbothyoungandoldinseveralstudies.Somestudieshaveshown
GPCtobejustaseffectiveasDonezepilandsuperiorto
Rivastigmine(bothareprescriptionAChEinhibitors)inrelievingthe
symptomsofAlzheimersdisease.FurthermoreGPCisextremely
welltoleratedandhasnoserioussideeffectsatthetherapeutic
dosages.
MechanismofAction:Cholinesupplementsareprecursorsto
acetylcholineandcauseacetylcholinelevelstorisebyallowingthe
braintoproducemore.
ConcentrationCurve:BecauseCholineisfoundnaturallyinmany
foodsources,ithasbeendifficulttofindpeakplasmatimestudiesfor
thestandardforms(i.e.theCholinesalts).Severalstudiessuggest
thattheCholinesaltsaremetabolizedfasterthantheotherforms
(GPCandCDP).OnestudymentionsthatCholineBitartrateis
absorbedmorethantwiceasfastasfastasGPCandhasthesame
eliminationhalflife.GPChasaneliminationhalflifeof90minutes
andtakesabout3hourstoreachitspeakplasmalevels.Basedon
thisinformation,IhaveassumedthatCholineBitartratereachespeak
plasmatimesinaboutanhourandalsohasa90minuteelimination
halflife.Duetothesimilarityinstructureandmetabolicpathwaysitis
probablethatCholineCitrateismetabolizedinthesamewayas
CholineBitartrate.
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70
ConcentrationcurveforGPCwithPeakPlasmatime=3hrandeliminationhalflife=1.5hr
ConcentrationcurveforCholineBitartratewithestimatedPeakPlasmatime=1hrand
eliminationhalflife=1.5hr
EffectonDreams:GPChasaprofoundimpactondreamingand
causesdreamstobeexceptionallyvividandlong.Ihavenothadany
bazaarornightmarishdreamsusingGPCbuthavenottrieditwithout
followingupwithPiracetamtoavoiddesensitizationissues.
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Cholinesaltsdonothavemuchofanimpactondreaming
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unlesstheyarecombinedwithGalantamineinwhichcasetheycan
intensifytheactionofGalantamine.
EffectonLucidDreams:CombiningaCholinesaltwith
GalantamineincreasestheoddsofexperiencingaWILD.Iconsider
theGalantamine/Cholinecombinationtobethefundamentallucidity
triggerfromwhichallothersarederived.
GPChasaprofoundeffectonluciddreamingandcanbe
usedeitherasatriggerorasasupportforGalantamine.Ifitisused
asatrigger,ithastheadvantagethatitiseasiertofallbacktosleep
thanwhenusingeitherGalantamineorYohimbine.Thisisprimarily
duetothelongertimeittakestoreachpeakplasmalevels.The
negativesideofthisisitdoesnotlenditselfaswelltoWILDsandall
myluciddreamsusingGPCbyitselfhavebeenDILDs.
WhenusingGalantamine/CholineandGPCtogetherIhavea
veryhighsuccessrateinbecominglucid.Thiscombinationworks
incrediblysynergisticallytogether.Interestinglythiscombinationalso
hasatendencytogivemyluciddreamsasoundtrackinthatIhear
musicplaying(sometimesveryloudly)duringthedream.Nicotine(an
AChagonist)hasasimilareffectbutofcoursealsohassomeserious
drawbacks(seechapter9).
SideEffects:Bothtypesofsupplementsareextremelywell
tolerated.MostGPCstudiesavailablereportonlymildsideeffectsin
asmallpercentageofthepeopletakingthesupplement.Theside
effectsgenerallyincludednauseaandinsomnia.Ihavenonoticeable
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sideeffectwithdosesupto1200mgofGPCorwithupto1000mg
ofaCholinesalt.
Dosage:ThedosageusedformostoftheGPCstudieswas1200
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mgtakenoncedaily.IhavetakenGPCbyitselfatdosesof900mg
and1200mgandhavecombineditwithGalantamineatdosesof600
mg,900mg,and1200mg.Ihavehadluciddreamsunderallof
theseconditions,butthe900mgdosehadlesssuccessthanthe
1200mgdosewhenGPCwastakenalone.
Cholineisconsideredanessentialnutrientandthe
recommendeddailyallowanceis425mg/dayforwomenand550
mg/dayformen.ThemaximumsafelevelofCholinehasbeensetat
3.5grams/day.Forluciddreamenhancement400800mgshould
besufficient.Itypicallyuse500mgofCholineBitartratein
combinationwith8mgofGalantamine.
WhenaddingGPCtotheGalantamine/Cholinemix,a600mg
doseofGPCimprovestheoddsofbecominglucidandnoticeably
increasesthelengthoftheluciddream.Atdosesof900mgand
1200mgIexperiencedintenseperiodsofacceleration(seechapter
22)andmusicplayingduringmyluciddreams.Themusicseemsto
belouderwiththe1200mgdose.
SpecialNotes:Inordertoformacetylcholinetwoingredientsare
needed:Choline+Acetyl.CholinesupplementsprovidetheCholine
butwheredoesyourbodygettheAcetylgroupfrom?Theansweris
fromvitaminB5.MostdietsincludeplentyofvitaminB5butitis
probablynotabadideatosupplementyourdietwithagood
multivitamintakeninthemorning(notatthetimeofaluciddream
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attempt).IdidsomeexperimentstakingvitaminB5intheformof
Panteteine(activatedformofB5)atthetimeoftheluciddream
attemptbutIdontrecommendititmakesitveryhardtofalltosleep
andmyotherexperimentshaveshownthatIdontneedit(althoughI
dogetB5inmyregulardiet).
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VitaminB5CoAAcetyl
GPCphosphatidylcholineCholine
Choline+AcetylAcetylcholine
Summary:GPCandtheCholinesalts(bitartrateandcitrate)are
excellentsupplementstosupportluciddreaming.Combininga
CholinesaltwithGalantamineincreasestheoddsofexperiencinga
WILDandisthefoundationofallothercombinationsdescribedinthis
book.GPCcanbeusedtotriggerluciddreamsalthoughIgenerally
experienceDILDsinsteadofWILDswhenIuseGPCalone.My
favoritewaytouseGPCisincombinationwithGalantamine/Choline
taken4or5hoursaftergoingtobed.WhenIuseGPCthiswayIfind
600mgisoptimum(althoughIoccasionallyuse900mg).GPCand
Galantamine/Cholinegivemeahighsuccessrateatbecominglucid.
Note,IdonotusethemonconsecutivenightsandusePiracetam
immediatelyfollowingmyluciddreams(seechapter10).BothGPC
andtheCholinesaltsareextremelywelltoleratedandhavefew
noticeablesideeffects.
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9
Nicotine
GeneralDescription:Nicotineisaverycontroversialsubstance.
PersonallyIonlyuseNicotineonrareoccasion,butitwasoneofthe
firstsubstancesIexperimentedwith,andbecauseIhavehadsome
profoundresults,itmustbeincludedhereinordertobecomplete.
Nicotineisavailableviaapatchorchewinggumasanoverthe
counteraidtohelpquitsmoking.Nicotineactsasanacetylcholine
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agonistwhichmeansithasessentiallythesameeffectsas
acetylcholineinsidethebrainanditquicklyandefficientlycrossesthe
bloodbrainbarrier.AlthoughNicotinedoesnotcausecancer,itis
addictivewhenusedregularlyandistoxiceveninsmalldoses.More
importantly,Nicotinecausesbothshorttermandlongterm
desensitizationoftheacetylcholinereceptorsandsincethese
receptorsarecrucialforluciddreamingitiswisenottotakethisfact
lightly.Warningsaside,Nicotinecanhaveaprofoundeffectonlucid
dreamingwhenused(1)onrareoccasions(2)insmalldosesand(3)
whenaproactivemethodisutilizedtocounteractdesensitization.
NicotineproduceseffectssimilartoGPCinthatitcanbeusedto
triggerluciddreamsanditalsoworkssynergisticallywith
Galantamine.AlthoughmyexperiencehasshownthatNicotineis
significantlymoreeffectivethanGPC,Nicotinecanhavefargreater
sideeffectssogreatercaremustbetakenincontrollingthedose.
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MechanismofAction:Nicotineisanagonistforacetylcholinewhich
meansthatitentersthebrainandactsinthesamemanneras
acetylcholine.
ConcentrationCurve:IfNicotineisadministeredviaapatch,the
concentrationcurvelookssomewhatdifferentthanthoseoforally
administeredsupplements.Whenapatchisapplied,plasmalevelsof
Nicotinerisesfairlylinearlyuntilthepeakplasmalevelsarereached
andthenslowlydropsovertheremainderoftheday(whilethepatch
iseffective),andthendropsmuchmorequicklyafterthepatchis
removed.
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ConcentrationcurveforaNicotinePatchwhenusedforanantismokingaid.
Althoughthisisatypicalcurveforauserwhoistryingtoquit
smokingitisnotatypicalcurveforsomeonewhoonlyusesa
Nicotinepatchtopromoteluciddreaming.Becauseoftherapid
desensitizationthatcanoccurwhenusingNicotineitiswisetoonly
wearthepatchduringtheluciddreamattemptandthenremoveit
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Nicotine
immediately.Forexample,thepatchcanbeappliedat4AMjustprior
tohavinganLDandthenremovedat7AMjustafterwakingupfrom
theluciddream.Thisapproachisamustifyouwanttobeableto
consistentlyachieveremarkableresults.Thefollowingconcentration
curvecomparesthetypicalusertotheluciddreamenthusiast.
ConcentrationcurveforNicotinePatchforuseasaluciddreamsupplement
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Nicotine(viathepatch)ischaracterizedbyrelativelyslow
absorption(~7.5hourstoreachpeakplasmalevels)counteredwitha
shorteliminationhalflife(~2hours).
EffectonDreams:Nicotinehasaprofoundimpactondreaming.
NonlucidNicotinedreamsseemabitmoredisturbingthanthose
producedbyeitherGPCorGalantamineandthevisualvividnessis
sometimeslacking.
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EffectonLucidDreams:AlthoughNicotinecantriggerlucid
dreamsbyitselfitisincrediblyeffectivewhencombinedwith
Galantamine.IfIhadonewordtodescribetheinfluenceofNicotine
onmyluciddreamsitwouldbemusic.EspeciallywhenNicotineis
combinedwithGalantamine,myluciddreamsseemtohavea
soundtrackfullofwonderfulandtotallyoriginalmusic.
SideEffects:OfallthesupplementsIhavetried,Nicotinehasthe
worstsideeffects.Thesecanbemanagedhowever,ifthepatchis
lowdoseandonlywornduringtheluciddreamattempt.Ingeneral,
toomuchNicotinemakesyoufeelill.Thesideeffectsgenerallylisted
are:dizziness,nausea,sorethroat,dryorwateringmouth,watering
eyes,headache,constipation,andskinirritation(wherepatchis
worn).WhenIfirststartedusingNicotineasaluciddreamaidIwould
putthepatchonpriortogoingtobed.Afterafulleighthoursof
wearingthepatchIwouldfeelandlooksick.Mycomplexionwas
literallygreen.ThiswentawayhoweverwhenIstartedputtingthe
patchonataround4AMandthenremovingitataboutthreehours
later.NotonlydidthesideeffectsgoawaybutIhadbetterresults
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andbetterqualityofsleep.
Dosage:Nicotinepatchestypicallycomeinthreestrengths:7mg,
14mg,and21mg.Ihavetriedthe14mgand7mgvariety.Theyboth
workwellbutthe7mgresultsinfarfewersideeffects.Thedose
generallyrepresentstheaveragetotaldosereleasedovera24hour
period(or16hourperioddependingonthebrand).
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SpecialNotes:ApossiblealternativetoNicotinepatchesisNicotine
gum.Thegumgivesalargerdoseinashorterperiodoftimebut
wearsofffaster.IhavenotdoneanyexperimentationwithNicotine
gum.
Summary:Nicotinedoesnotcausecancer(thetarincigarettesis
theculpritthere)howeveritisaddictiveandextremelytoxicforsmall
childrenandpets.Practicallyspeaking,ifyouweretouseaNicotine
patchsolelyasanaidforluciddreaming,youwouldmostlikelynever
becomeaddictedandifyoutakepropercareinkeepingthepatches
awayfromchildrenyouwillnotneedtoworryaboutaccidentally
poisoninganybody.Ifyouusethelowestdosepatch(7mg)andkeep
itonforonlyafewhoursyoumostlikelywillnotnoticeanyserious
sideeffects.ThereisanimportantreasonnottouseNicotinevery
oftenhowever,andthatisbecauseiscausesrapiddesensitizationof
yournicotinicreceptors(onetypeofacetylcholinereceptor):definitely
notforeveryday(orevenonceaweekusage).Personally,Irarely
useNicotinethesedaysbecauseofthisfactandbecauseGPC
producessimilarresults.IwilladmitthatNicotinecanhavea
profoundeffectontheabilitytohaveluciddreams.Ifyouaregoingto
considerusingNicotineIstronglyrecommendthatyoufollowupby
usingthenootropicPiracetam(seethenextchapter)inordertohelp
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counteractdesensitization.
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10
Piracetam
GeneralDescription:Piracetamisaveryimportantsubstancethe
luciddreamerhasattheirdisposal,butnotforthereasonsyoumight
think.Piracetamdoesnotenhancedreaming(orluciddreaming)at
allinfactithasproventosignificantlysuppressdreaming.Ifyou
wouldliketoprovethistoyourselftakeahealthydoseofPiracetam
alongwithGalantamine(whichhasaprofoundeffectondreaming)
andseeifyoucanevenrememberhavinganydreams.Piracetam
however,reducesdesensitizationoftheacetylcholinereceptorsand
forthisreasonitallowsformorefrequentluciddreamattemptswhen
usedcorrectly.
PiracetamisinaclassofdrugscalledNootropics.Nootropicsare
typicallydefinedassmartdrugsbecausetheyarebelievedtohave
apositiveimpactonyourbrainaswellasonyourabilitytothinkand
remember.Theyarealsodefinedashavinganextremelylowtoxicity
whichmeansthattheyaresafetotakeeveninlargedoses.Notall
NootropicsarecreatedequalhoweverandPiracetamistheonlyone
thatIhavefoundinwhichthereisanabundantamountresearchon
howitaffectsthecholinergicsystem(acetylcholine).Piracetamis
thoughttocauseacetylcholinetobeusedupmoreefficientlyand
mayevenincreaseacetylcholinereceptordensity.
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FurthermorePiracetamhasbeenshowntocounteractthe
desensitizationofthenicotinicreceptorswhencarbacholisused(a
powerfulAChagonistthatquicklydesensitizesAChreceptors).This
makesPiracetamanextremelypowerfultoolfortworeasons:
1.BothGalantamineandGPCboostacetylcholinelevelsand
stayinyoursystemwellbeyondthetimeittakestoattempta
luciddream.Itisbesttocounteractthiseffectassoonasthe
luciddreamattempthasended.Piracetamallowsyoutodo
this.(Seechapter18fordetails).
2.Nicotineisknowntocausebothshorttermandlongterm
desensitizationofthenicotinicreceptors.Piracetamhasbeen
showntocounteractthisdesensitization.
AnotheradvantagetousingPiracetamisthatwhileitisprotecting
youracetylcholinereceptorssoyoucankeephavinghighlevel
dreams,thereisevidencethatitmakesyousmarterwhiledoingso.
PiracetamhasbeenwidelyusedandstudiedinEuropeandAsia
howevertheUShasdonefairlylittleresearch.TheFDAhasnot
approvedPiracetambutthatdoesntmeanitisillegaltobuyinthe
US.Itisperfectlylegaltopurchaseuptoathreemonthsupplyof
PiracetamforyourownuseandthereareseveralUScompaniesthat
currentlystockit.Ihaveincludedseveralarticlesinthereference
sectionyoushouldreadtolearnaboutallofthebenefitsof
Piracetam.
Keepinmindoneextremelyimportantpoint.Itisbesttonothave
anyPiracetaminyoursystematthetimeofluciddreamattempt.This
willbeexplainedindetailinPart3ofthisbook.
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Piracetam
ConcentrationCurve:Piracetamischaracterizedbyquick
absorptionandarelativelylongeliminationhalflife.Piracetamis
moreorlesscompletelyoutofyoursystemafterabout30hours.This
informationisimportanttounderstandbecausePiracetamshouldnot
beinyoursystematthetimeofaluciddreamattempt.
ConcentrationcurveforPiracetamwithPeakPlasmatime=1.5hrandeliminationhalflife=5hr
ConcentrationcurveforPiracetam&Galantamineoverlapping(Galantamineattime=0,
followedbysingledoseofPiracetamattime=4hrs)
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EffectonDreams:Inhibitsdreamingandrememberingdreams.
Piracetamisnotusedtoenhancedreamingbutrathertocounteract
desensitizationandtolerancecausedbytheotheracetylcholine
boostingsupplements.
EffectonLucidDreams:Piracetamhasanegativeimpactonlucid
dreamingifitisinyoursystematthetimeoftheattempt.Itistheonly
substancethatIknowofthathasbeenclinicallyproventocounteract
desensitization.Whenusedcorrectlyitcanincreasethefrequencyat
whichyoucanattemptaluciddreamusingtheGalantamine,GPC,
and/orNicotine.
SideEffects:Piracetam,aswithmostnootropics,isknownas
havinganalmosttotallackoftoxicity.Thismeansitcausesno
significantsideeffectsevenatextremelyhighdoses.Ifalargedose
istakenhowever(morethan3000mginaday),itisrecommendedto
rampdownthedosageratherthantoabruptlystoptakingit.
Piracetamincreasesbloodflowtoyourbrainandifyoutakealarge
singledoseyoumayexperienceaheadachewhenitwearsoffdueto
thereconstrictingofthebloodvessels.Thiscanbetotallyavoidedif
thedoseisspreadoutandrampeddowninsteadoftakingasingle
largedose.Seechapter18formoredetailsabouthowtotake
Piracetam.
Dosage:Mostreferencescalloutadailydoseof24004800mgper
dayasamaximumrecommendeddose.Themaximumdosedoes
notcorrespondtothedoseatwhichnegativesideeffectsoccurbut
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rathertothemaximumdosethatseemstobenefittheuser.There
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havebeenseveralstudiesthatshowthattakingmorethan4800mg
ofPiracetamproduceslesspositiveeffectsonmemory.Furthermore
theoptimumdosemaybeagerelated.Onestudyshowedthatthe
optimumdoseforyoungerpeoplewas2400mg/dayandwas4800
mg/dayforolderpeople.Humanstudieshavebeendonewithdaily
dosesupto20gramsperdayandanimalstudieshavebeenwith
hugedose/weightratios.Itypicallytake2400mginasingledose
immediatelyfollowingaluciddreamattempt.Thisallowsmeto
successfullycounteracttoleranceanddesensitizationanddoesnot
leadtoaheadache.
SpecialNotes:TheFDAhasnotapprovedtheuseofPiracetamas
ameansofcombatingmentalillnesses.ThisdoesnotmeanUS
doctorsdisputetheeffectsPiracetamhasonthecholinergicsystem.
Thesestudiesarewelldocumented.TheFDAalsodoesnotclaim
thatPiracetamhasanynegativesideeffects.Thelackofapproval
correspondswiththebeliefthatthereisnotenoughevidencetoshow
thatPiracetamworksasaviablemeansofcombatingcertainmental
illnesses.Asluciddreamers,ourprimarygoalistoguardagainst
desensitizationandtoleranceanymentalenhancementsareafringe
benefit.ThefactthattheFDAhasnotapprovedPiracetammaybea
blessingindisguisebecauseiftheFDAweretoapprovePiracetamit
wouldmostlikelybeavailablebyprescriptiononly.AlsoPiracetamis
partofafamilyofsubstancescalledracetams.Alloftheracetams
workinsimilarwayandthereforeotherfamilymembers,suchas
AniracetamandOxiracetam,mayalsoguardagainstdesensitization
andtoleranceeffects.Ofthethreehowever,Ihavefoundmore
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clinicalresearchpertainingtoPiracetamregardingitspositiveeffects
oncholinergicsystem.
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Summary:Piracetamplaysanimportantyetindirectroleinlucid
dreamdevelopment.Itisusedtocounteractthedesensitizationthat
mayoccurwhenusingothercholinergicsupplementssuchas
Galantamine,GPC,andNicotine.ItisimportantnothavePiracetam
inyoursystematthetimeofaluciddreamattempt.Itisalso
importanttorampdownthedosagetoavoidexperiencinga
headacheiflargedailydosesaretaken.Thedetailsofhowto
properlyusePiracetamarecoveredinchapter18.
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11
MucunaPruriens
GeneralDescription:MucunaPruriensisabeanproducingplant
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thathasbeenusedinAyurveda(Indianmedicine)forover4500
years.Thisisoneofthefewknownplantsthatnaturallycontainsa
chemicalcalledLdopa.Althoughdopaminedoesnotcrosstheblood
brainbarrier,Ldopadoesanditistheimmediateprecursorto
dopamine.ThisfactmakesMucunaPrurienshighlyeffectiveat
increasingdopaminelevelswithinthebrain.Therearemanyof
reasonstosupplementyourdietwithalittleLdopaevenifyouarent
interestedinluciddreaming.Dopamineisvitallyimportantin
sustainingyourmotorskillsandasweageourdopaminelevelsdrop
significantly.Parkinsondiseaseisanextremecaseofthisinwhich
movementisseverelyrestrictedduetothelossofproperdopamine
functionality.ThefirstlineofdefenseinParkinsondiseaseisLdopa.
SupplementingyourdietwithLdopacontainingsubstancescanhelp
keepyouactiveandfeelingyoung.Inaddition,dopaminemakesyou
feelgoodandplaysamajorroleindevelopingconfidenceand
motivation.Soevenifluciddreamsarentyourgoal,Ldopa
containingsupplementscanprobablydoyousomegood.Ofcourse
whenitcomestodreaming,dopamineplaysamajorroleinthatitis
believedthedopaminenetworkmustbeengagedfordreamingto
occurinthefirstplace.
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WhenitcomestoluciddreamingLdopa(viaMucunaPruriens)
boostsyourabilitytocontrolthedreamlikenoothersubstanceIve
encountered.
MucunaPruriensoffersanotherbenefitoverthesyntheticL
dopathatiscommonlyprescribedintheUS.SyntheticLdopamust
betakenwithadifferentchemicalcalledCarbidopa.Carbidopais
requiredtokeeptheLdopafrombeingsynthesizedintodopamine
beforeitcrossesthebloodbarrier.Sincedopaminecannotcrossthis
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barrier,iftheLdopaisconvertedtodopaminetooearlyitdoesnot
makeitintothebrainandthereforedoesyounogood.Furthermore,
thenegativesideeffectsofLdopaaretypicallyduetothedopamine
thatiscreatedinthegutratherthaninthebrain.MucunaPruriens
doesnotrequireCarbidopaforreasonsthatarenotfullyunderstood,
buttherearenumerousstudiesshowingthatMucunaPruriensisas
effectiveasthesyntheticLdopa/Carbidopapair.Thisallowsfor
lowerdosesofLdoparesultinginalowerchanceofnegativeside
effects.
MechanismofAction:MucunaPruriensnaturallycontainsthe
chemicalLdopa.Ldopaistheimmediateprecursortodopamine.
IncreasingtheamountofLdopainthebrainleadstoanincreasein
theproductionofdopamine.
ConcentrationCurve:MucunaPruriensischaracterizedbyquick
absorptionandashorteliminationhalflife.Itreachesitspeakplasma
levelsjust90minutesafteryoutakeitandispracticallyoutofyour
systemafter12hours.
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MucunaPruriens
ConcentrationcurveforMucunaPrurienswithPeakPlasmatime=1.5hrandeliminationhalf
life=1.5hr
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EffectonDreams:Ldopainknowntocausevividdreamsandso
doesMucunaPruriens.Ingeneralhowever,thedoseneedstobein
thetherapeuticrangefortreatingParkinsonsdiseasebeforeamajor
impactondreamingisobserved.Myownexperimentshaveshown
thataround400mgofLdopa(viaMucunaPruriens)areneededto
stimulateadopaminedream.Dopaminedreamsarefascinatingand
aremypersonalfavoritetypeofnonluciddream.Theyarealways
extremelyactionpackedandfullyparticipatory(meaningthatthe
dreamerisfullycaughtupintheactionratherthanjustobservingit).
Thereseemstoacommonthemetodopaminedreams:thedreamer
isputinsomekindofthreateningsituationandmustovercomesome
typeofadversary.Ontheoutside,thesedreamsoftensoundlike
nightmares,butontheinsidetheyareusuallycharacterizedbya
strongfeelingofconfidenceandatriumphantrushoncethedreamer
hasprevailed.Ifindthesetypesofdreamsthoroughlyenjoyable
althoughtheymaynotbeforeverybody.
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EffectonLucidDreams:TheeffectofMucunaPruriensonlucid
dreamingisindirectyetprofound.MucunaPruriensdoesnotactasa
luciddreamtrigger.FurthermoreifalargedoseofMucunaistaken
withGalantamine,theoddsofbecominglucidseemtobesomewhat
reduced.TherearesomestudiesthatsuggestthatLdopacan
actuallysuppressREM.However,ifasmalldoseofMucunaistaken
withGalantamine(oroneoftheothertriggers)oriflargerdosesare
takensometimebeforethetrigger,theresultsarealmost
unbelievable.ThedopamineboostthatiscausedbyMucuna
Pruriensleadstoasignificantincreaseinconfidencelevel.This
increaseinconfidenceleadstoatotallackoffearandaprofound
boostintheabilitytocontrolthedream.
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TherearenoothersupplementsIhavefoundthathavethis
effect.Advancedflyingispossible,movingthroughwallsorother
objectsseemsincrediblynatural,andchangingyourdreamscapeis
mademucheasier.
SideEffects:MucunaPruriensisnewtotheWestbuthasbeen
usedforcenturiesinotherpartsoftheworld.HighdosesofMucuna
Prurienscancauseoverstimulation,increasedbody
temperature,insomnia,andnausea.Therearesomestudiesthat
suggestitmayleadtoanincreasedriskofbirthdefectssoitshould
notbetakenwhenpregnant.
Dosage:ThereisnodailysuggesteddoseforMucunaPruriens
althoughmostcompanieslistasuggesteddoseof200300mgofL
dopaperday(thecorrespondingMucunadosagedependsonthe%
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standardization).Thereisanimportantruleofthumbthatcanbe
usedtodefinethemaximumallowabledose.Parkinsondisease
patientsareoftenonmassivedosesofLdopaanditiswellknown
thatafterseveralyearsoftreatmenttheyaresubjecttoacondition
referredtoasdyskinesias.Dyskinesiasisaconditiondescribedby
sudden,involuntary,jerkymovements.Mostphysiciansnowcapthe
maximumdoseofLdopaatnomorethan600mg/dayandifpossible
keepthedoseat400mgorloweroverthefirst35yearsinorderto
reducetheriskofdyskinesias.TypicallyIuse80200mgofLdopa
(viaMucunaPruriens)incombinationwithothersupplementsforthe
purposeofluciddreamenhancement.
SpecialNotes:MucunaPruriensisavailableinseedformoras
standardizedextracts.Theseedscanvarysubstantiallyfromseedto
seedastotheconcentrationofLdopasoIdontrecommendusing
them.Thestandardizedextractsareavailablein10%,30%,and50%
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Ldopaconcentrations.Istronglyrecommendthelower
concentrations.Ihavetriedboththe10%and50%formsandhave
muchbetterresultswiththe10%extractatequivalentLdopadoses.
RememberthatsyntheticLdopaisprescribedwithCarbidopain
ordertokeeptheLdopafromprematurelysynthesizinginto
dopamine.MucunaPrurienshasproventobeeffectivewithoutthe
useofCarbidopa.AstheconcentrationofLdopaincreases,the
concentrationoftheothercompoundsthatmimictheCarbidopa
decreaseandyouarepronetomorenegativesideeffectsandless
impactondreaming.Thisknowledgeisfrompersonalexperience.At
500mgofLdopaIhaveexperiencedvividdreamsandnoside
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effectsusingthe10%form,butatthesamedoseusingthe50%form
Isufferednauseaandnoticednoimpactondreaming.
VitaminB6shouldnotbetakensimultaneouslywithMucuna
Pruriens(oranyLdopacontainingsubstance).VitaminB6isthe
ingredientnecessarytosynthesizeLdopaintodopamine.Ifthereare
largeamountsofB6presentinyourdigestivetrackwhenyoutake
Mucuna,theLdopamaybeconvertedtooearlyandhencenotbe
abletocrossthebloodbrainbarrier.
Summary:MucunaPruriensdoesnotactasaluciddreamtrigger
butcangreatlyincreasecontrolwhencombinedwithGalantamineor
otherluciddreamtriggers.Supermanstyleflying,movingthrough
objects,andchangingthedreamscapeallbecomemuchmore
natural,straightforwardandeasywhen80200mgofLdopa(via
MucunaPruriens)istakenwithGalantamine(or1hourpriorsee
chapter19fordetails).NoothersupplementthatIhavefoundhas
madesuchalargeimpactondreamcontrolasMucunaPruriens.
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12
Yohimbine
GeneralDescription:Yohimbineisprobablythemostcontroversial
substanceIregularlyuse.Yohimbineistheprimaryactiveingredient
inYohimbeBarkwhichisatreenativetoAfrica.Althoughitwas
initiallyusedbyweightlifterstoincreasebloodflowduringaworkout,
itisprimarilyusedtodaytocombatmaleimpotence.Although
YohimbineisclassifiedasamildMAO(MonoamineOxidase)
inhibitor,itsmainfunctionisasanalpha2adrenergicantagonist.
Thisfunctionblocksnorepinephrinefrombindingwithalpha2
receptorsandresultsinanincreaseinnorepinephrinelevelsinthe
brain.Atthedosetypicallytakenforimpotence,thelevelsof
norepinephrinebuildupsomuchinthebrainthataphenomenon
occursreferredtoasoverflow.Overflowistheprocesswhere
norepinephrineflowsfromthebrainthroughthebloodbrainbarrier
andintothebloodstream.Itisthehighlevelsofnorepinephrineinthe
blood(notthebrain)thatcanbeusedbetocounteractimpotencebut
alsocauseahostofnegativesideeffects.Keepinmindthatanother
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namefornorepinephrineisnoradrenalinwhichisthedirectprecursor
toadrenaline(alsocalledepinephrine).Thesesubstancesare
referredtoasfightorflightsubstancesbecausetheyareresponsible
forthatnervoustensionyougetrightbeforeaconfrontation.
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Whenintheblooditiscommontoexperiencesweatypalmsandfeet,
increasedheartrateandpressure,butterfliesinyourstomach,a
slightacheinyourjoints,anxiousness,andsoon.Asluciddream
enthusiastsweneitherneednorwantforoverflowtooccur.This
requiresasignificantreductionindosefromwhatiscommonlyused.
Wheninthebrain,norepinephrineimprovesmood,alertness,focus,
aswellasworkingmemoryandhasproventohaveprofoundeffect
ondreamingandluciddreaming.Ihavefoundtheidealdosetobe
~1/20ofthedosetypicallyfoundinsinglepill.Sincemylucid
dreamingmethodconsistsofattemptsonaneveryotherdaybasis,it
wouldtakeoveramonthbeforeIwoulduseupasingledose
(assumingthatIusedYohimbineoneveryattempt,whichIdont).At
thesesmalldosestwofactsstandout:(1)Isuffernonegativeside
effectsand(2)theeffectondreamingandluciddreamingis
profound.AnothermisconceptionisthatYohimbineisamaleonly
herb.ThisisnotthecaseandstudieshaveshownthatYohimbine
hasessentiallythesameeffectsonmenandwomenwithnoincrease
inrisk.
MechanismofAction:Yohimbineisanalpha2adrenergic
antagonist.Thealpha2receptorsareresponsibleforcontrollingthe
productionofnorepinephrinewithinthebrain.Whenthealpha2
receptorsareantagonizedthebrainnaturallyproducesmore
norepinephrinewithinthebrain.
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ConcentrationCurve:Yohimbineischaracterizedbyquick
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Yohimbine
leveljust1hourafteryoutakeitandispracticallyoutofsystemafter
only5hours.
ConcentrationcurveforYohimbinewithPeakPlasmatime=1hrandeliminationhalflife=40
minutes
EffectonDreams:Yohimbinehasaprofoundeffectondreaming.
Dreamvividnessandmemoryareperhapsevenbetterthanwiththe
acetylcholineboostingsupplements.Howeversleepispossibleonly
withverysmalldoses.ThedreamsIhavehadusingYohimbinehave,
forthemostpart,beenverypleasingalthoughIhavefeltsome
anxietyduringthedreamsifthedoseisgreaterthanabout1mg.
ThereisonesubtlepointthatIhavenoticedwithYohimbine:itdoes
notseemtoinitiateREMsleep,butrathermustworkinconjunction
withit.DuringnormalREMsleepthenorepinephrinesystem
essentiallyshutsoffandhavingelevatednorepinephrinelevelsdoes
littletopushyouintoadreamstate.However,ifyouarenaturally
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enteringadreamstatethedreamsbecomemuchmorevividand
strongifnorepinephrinelevelsareincreased.Thisimpliesthat
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Yohimbineismuchmoreeffectivewhentakenintheearlymorning
hourswhenmuchmoretimeisspentnaturallyinREMsleep.
EffectonLucidDreams:IconsiderYohimbinetobeoneofthe
mostpowerfulsupplementsavailableforluciddreamdevelopment.
Yohimbinecanbeusedasaluciddreamtriggeriftakenunderthe
rightconditionsandactsmuchthesamewayasGalantamineinthis
respect.ThedownsideofusingYohimbineasatrigger,isthatyou
mustbenaturallyenteringREMsleepverysoonafteryoutakeit.
Alsothedosesthatworkbestastriggersareincrediblyclosetothe
dosethatwillcauseinsomnia.Forthesereasons,Icommonlyuse
Galantamineasthemaintriggerandmuchsmallerdosesof
Yohimbineasacomplimentarysubstance.Whenusedinthiswaythe
resultsareremarkable.GalantamineinitiatesREMsleepwhich
initiatestheeffectsoftheYohimbine.Oncelucidthenorepinephrine
improvesattention,focus,andworkingmemory(atypeofshortterm
memory)farmorethanwithGalantaminealone.These
characteristicssignificantlyboosttheabilitytoreasonwithinthe
dream.Themindstayscleareranddoesnotgetaseasilydistracted.
Thisallowsonetogodeeperintothedreamworldinordertosearch
forhiddenpotentialandknowledge.Italsoimprovestheconnection
betweenthedreammemoryandthephysicalmemory.Withinthe
dream,memoriescanberecalledandevenrelivedmucheasierthan
withoutit.Thisimprovedconnectionalsohelpstoensurethatyou
carryoutyourentiresetofdreamexperimentswhilewithinthe
dream.
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SideEffects:AtthedosesIrecommendsideeffectsareextremely
rare,butkeepinmindthateveryoneisdifferent.Ifoverflowshould
occur(asignyouneedtoreducethedose)youmayfeelhot,
experienceincreasedheartrateandpressure,feelanervousachein
yourjointsaswellasexperiencesweatypalmsandfeet.Inmore
extremecasesanxiety,tremors,dizziness,andvomitingmaybe
experienced.Yohimbinemaytriggeranxietyorpanicattacksinprone
individuals.AnoverdoseofYohimbinemaybedeadlywatchoutfor
salivation,enlargedpupils,irregularheartbeat,andlowblood
pressure.Anoverdoseneedstobetreatedimmediatelyby
emergencymedicalprofessionals.
Dosage:Iconsiderthe9mgdoseofYohimbinethatistypically
includedinasinglecapsuleasinsanelyhigh.ThefirstdoseItook
was3mgandIexperiencedsignificantoverflow.Forme,overflow
typicallystopsatabout1.5mghoweveritisliterallyimpossibletofall
tosleeponthishighofdose.Atabout0.751mg,Yohimbinecan
beusedasaluciddreamtrigger.TouseYohimbinesynergistically
withGalantamine,Itypicallyuse0.350.5mg.Usinga0.35dose
impliesthatyoudivideasingle9mgtabletinto~25pieces.
SpecialNotes:Yohimbineisavailableasanoverthecounterthe
supplement.ItissoldeitheraspureYohimbeBarkorasamore
concentratedformthatiseitherstandardizedto2%,4%,or8%
Yohimbine.RememberthatitistheYohimbinethatboosts
norepinephrine.Allofthestandardizedformsusuallycontain9mgof
Yohimbinepertablet.IdontrecommendbuyingthepureYohimbe
BarkbecauseyoudontknowexactlyhowmuchYohimbineisin
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eachcapsuleandinfactitcanvarygreatlyfromcapsuletocapsule.I
preferthe8%Yohimbineformbecauseitcomesinasolidtablet
insteadofapowderfilledcapsule.Thismakesiteasiertocutitinto
smallerpiecesusingarazorbladeratherthantryingtodivideupa
powder.
Summary:Yohimbineisanalpha2adrenergicantagonistwhich
meansthatitcanboostnorepinephrinelevelsinthebrain.Typical
dosesare2025timestoostrongfortheluciddreamenthusiast
whichwillrequiredividingupthetabletintomuchsmallerpieces.
Yohimbinecanactasluciddreamtriggeraroundadoseof1mgbut
thisborderlinesonadosethatcancauseinsomnia.Using0.5mgor
lesssimultaneouslywithGalantaminecanproduceextremelyhigh
levelluciddreams.Thiscombinationseemstoworkbetterthanall
otherswhenthegoalisasearchforknowledgewithinthedream.
Thiscombinationalsoseemstomakeyourphysicalmemoriesmore
accessiblewithinthedream.
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13
5HTP(5hydroxytryptophan)
GeneralDescription:5hydroxytryptophan(5HTP)istheimmediate
precursorofserotoninandwhileserotonindoesnotcrosstheblood
brainbarrier,5HTPdoes.Duetoitsabilitytoincreaseserotonin
levelswithinthebrain,5HTPhasbeenusedforavarietyof
therapeuticpurposesthatincludecombatingdepression,reducing
stressandanxiety,promotingsleep,andfightingoffcertaintypesof
migraineheadaches.Ithasalsobeenusedtosuppressappetites.In
general,thereportssurrounding5HTParepositivebutkeepinmind
that5HTPhasonlybeenavailableintheUSsinceforashorttime
(since1994)althoughithasbeenusedinEuropefordecades.
Concerningluciddreamdevelopment,5HTPplaysanimportant
yetindirectrole.AsIwillpointoutinpartthree,5HTPandMelatonin
bothplayauniquerole.Using5HTPcorrectlywillaccomplishthe
following:
1.Improvetheoverallqualityofsleeponthenightsthatyou
attempttoachievehighlevelluciddreams.
2.Increasechanceofsuccessofhavingaluciddreambytaking
advantageoftheREMreboundeffect.
3.Increasethelengthofaluciddreambytakingadvantageof
theREMreboundeffect.
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4.Increaseabilitytofalltosleepaftertakingmorestimulating
substancessuchasGalantamineorYohimbine(seepart3for
details).
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MechanismofAction:5HTPistheimmediateprecursorto
serotonin.5HTPsupplementsresultsinincreaselevelsofserotonin
inthebrainbymakingavailabletherequiredchemicalstoproduce
serotonin.
ConcentrationCurve:5htpischaracterizedbyquickabsorption
andashorteliminationhalflife.Thesepropertiesmakeitidealto
takejustbeforegoingtosleep.Itreachesitspeakplasmalevelsjust
90minutesafteryoutakeitandhasreducedtojustabout12%
concentrationafter6hoursofsleep(~4sleepcycles).
Concentrationcurvefor5HTPwithPeakPlasmatime=1.5hrandeliminationhalflife=1.5hr
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EffectonDreams:5HTPhasapositiveeffectondreamlengthand
quality.Dreamenhancementdueto5HTPismostlikelyduetoREM
suppressionfollowedbyREMreboundandthisresultsinincreased
dreamvividnessinthemorninghoursasthesubstanceiswearing
off.5HTPquicklyincreasesserotoninlevelsthatbringondeepand
restfulsleep.Duetotheshorthalflifehowever,the5HTPis
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practicallyoutofyoursystemafter5or6hours(assumingyoudont
takealargedose).ThisresultsinincreasedREMtimeintheearly
morninghourswhichproducesmorevividdreams.Furthermore,I
havefoundthatthedreamvividness,especiallythevisualaspect,is
extremelyclear.Ihavealsofoundthatwhentaking5HTPbyitself,I
ampronetoexperiencecalmandrefreshingdreams.Althoughthe
dreamvividnessishigh,mydreamrecallisabitfuzzy.SometimesI
findthatIactmorelikeanobserverthananactiveparticipantin
dreamsthatarebroughtaboutby5HTP.
EffectonLucidDreams:5HTPplaysasupportingroleinlucid
dreamdevelopment.ThemainreasonIuse5HTPistoincreasemy
overallqualityofsleeponnightsthatIattempttohaveluciddreams.I
accomplishthisbytaking100150mgof5HTPjustbeforebedtime.
Thisincreasesmyserotoninlevelsandhelpstohavemoretime
spentinthedeepnonREMsleepstagesduringthefirsthalfofthe
night.WhenIwakeupafter4or5hoursIamalmostalways
dreaming.Ithentakethesupplementsthattriggerluciddreaming
andgobacktobed.AfterseveralhoursofintenseluciddreamsI
climboutofbedandfeelrefreshedandrejuvenated.
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SideEffects:Themostcommonsideeffectsof5HTParenausea
andgastrointestinaldistress.Thenauseaproblemcanberesolved
bystartingatalowdoseandthengraduallyincreasingit.Evenwhen
largedosesaretakentheproblemtendstodiminishovertime.
PersonallyIhaveneverexperiencedanynegativesideeffectswith5
HTP.Itypicallyuse100150mgtakenatorjustbeforebedtime.
5HTPshouldnotbetakenwithprescriptionantidepressants
(thisincludesSt.JohnsWort)withoutthedirectconsultationofa
http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:4oBcBiOiBkgJ:www.cortexel.us/awesome/uppers/Advanced_Lucid_DreamingThe_Power_
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doctor.Manyoftheseantidepressantsactbyalsoincreasing
serotoninlevelsandthereforecouldmagnifytheeffectsandpossibly
leadtopotentiallydangerousconditionknownasSerotonin
Syndrome.Duetotheshorttimethissupplementhasbeenavailable
therearenotalotofstudiesthathaveinvestigatedthelongterm
effectsoftaking5HTP.
Dosage:Thereisnomaximumrecommendeddoseassociatedwith
5HTP.However,areasonabledoserangeisprobablybetween50
and300mg.Fortreatingdepressiondosesupto500mgdailyare
used.Atthelowerdosessideaffectsarerare.
SpecialNotes:YoushouldnottakevitaminB6with5HTPasitmay
catalyzethereactiontoserotonininthegutratherthaninthebrain.
Rememberthatserotonindoesnotpassthroughthebloodbrain
barrierandsoyouwanttokeepthe5HTPintactuntilthebarrierhas
beencrossed.Thereissomespeculation(althoughnoclinical
researchthatIcouldfind)thattheorizesbuildingupserotonininthe
bloodratherthaninthebraincouldcauseheartdamage.Thistheory
hasnotbeenconfirmedordeniedbutshouldnotbeanissueunless
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youaretakinglargeamountsofvitaminB6simultaneouslywith5
HTP.
Summary:5HTPistheimmediateprecursortoserotonin.Increased
serotoninlevelsleadtoastateofcalmrelaxationandhavebeen
shownclinicallytosuppressREMsleepbyfavoringthedeeper,non
REMstages.Since5HTPhasashorteliminationhalflife,itcanbe
takenjustbeforebedtimeforthepurposeofsuppressingREMsleep
andincreasingthetimespentinnonREMsleep.Asthedosewears
off,REMreboundoccursandisusuallyaccompaniedbymorevivid
dreamexperiences.Ifaluciddreamtrigger(suchasGalantamine)is
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takenatthistime,thereisanincreaseinoddsofbecominglucid.
Also,sinceluciddreamtriggersusuallysuppressnonREMsleepin
favorofREMsleep,5HTPcanacttobalancetheamountoftime
spentineachphaseduringthenightwhichresultsinamore
balancednightssleep.Bymaintainingbalancedsleeppracticesyou
willnotfeelenergydeprivedfollowingaluciddreamattemptandcan
increasethefrequencyofluciddreamattempts.
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14
Melatonin
GeneralDescription:Melatoninisahormonethatisreleasedfrom
thepinealglandandisthoughttohelpusfalltosleep.Since
Melatoninproductionisenhancedindarknessanddecreasedbylight
exposureitisoftensaidthatMelatoninhassomecontroloverour
circadianrhythmandhastheabilitytoresetourinternalclocks.For
thisreason,Melatoninissometimesusedtoreducejetlag.Although
Melatoninissynthesizedfromserotoninand5HTPissynthesizedto
serotonin,theybothhaveasimilareffectonsleep:bothcanhelpyou
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falltosleepandbothcancausevividdreamsasthedosesare
wearingoff.ForthisreasonMelatoninisapossiblealternativeto5
HTPalthoughItendtouseitforadifferentpurpose.
TherearethreecharacteristicsthatmakeMelatoninmy
secondchoiceforsuppressingREM.FirstofallMelatoninhasan
extremelyshorthalflife.Sincemelatoninshalflifeisonly40
minutes,onehastotakeaprettylargedosetosuppressREMfor4
or5hours.Iestimatethat3mgwouldbenecessarytosuppress
REMforfourhours.Secondly,Ifinditdifficulttofalltobacktosleep
aftertheMelatoninhaswornoff.Thirdly,Iexperiencemorevivid
dreamsusing5HTPthanIdousingMelatonin.
ThereishoweveranotherwaytouseMelatoninthatmaybe
advantagestosome.Researchhasshownthatonly0.3mgof
Melatoninisnecessarytoinducesleep.
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Melatonin
Atthislowdose,REMsleepisnotsuppressedandtherefore
MelatonincanbeusedsimultaneouslywithGalantamine(orother
supplements)iffallingbacktosleepisaproblem.WhenIused
YohimbineastheluciditytriggerIwouldoftenuseverysmalldoses
ofMelatonintoaidinfallingtosleep.Thisprovedtobeafairly
successfulmethod.Thetimeittooktofalltosleepwasdecreasedby
abouthalfandfurthermore,Iwasmuchmorerelaxedwhileawake
andwaitingforsleeponset.Forthistowork,itisimportanttokeep
thedoselow,asIdidnoticeareducedchanceinbecominglucid
evenat0.5mgofMelatonin.
MechanismofAction:SerotoninistheprecursortoMelatonin
thereforeMelatoninsupplementsprobablydontdomuchtoserotonin
levels.However,MelatonincanhelptofallasleepandsuppressREM
sleep.
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ConcentrationCurve:Melatoninischaracterizedbyquick
leveljust60minutesafteryoutakeitandisessentiallyoutofyour
systemafter6hours(~4sleepcycles).
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ConcentrationcurveforMelatoninwithPeakPlasmatime=1hrandeliminationhalflife=40min
EffectonDreams:Melatoninhasbeenshownclinicallytoincrease
thetimespentinREMsleepinthemorninghours(asthedoseis
wearingoff).ItistheorizedthatthisphenomenaisduetoaREM
reboundeffect.Ihavefound5HTPtoproducemorevividdreams
thanMelatoninbutthereareplentyofpeoplewhohavecommented
onincreaseddreamvividnessanddurationbyusingMelatonin.As
with5HTPIfinditmoredifficulttorememberthedetailsofthe
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dreamthanIdowhenusingtheacetylcholineornorepinephrine
boostingsupplements.
EffectonLucidDreams:IuseMelatoninassupportingsupplement.
WhenIamtakingaluciddreammixthatIknowcausesinsomnia,I
willsometimesadd0.3mgofMelatonintohelpmefallasleep.Atthis
smalldose,REMisnotsuppressedandonecanmaintainexcellent
oddsofbecominglucid.
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SideEffects:Therearenoknownserioussideeffectsofusing
Melatoninsupplementsalthoughlongtermsideeffectshavenot
beenstudied.SomepeoplewhohavetakenMelatoninhavereported
sleepiness,headache,a"heavyhead"feeling,stomachdiscomfort,
depressionorfeelinghungover.Thereareanimalstudiesthat
suggestthatlargedosesofMelatonincaninterferewithfertility.
Dosage:WhenusingMelatonin,lessisbetterinmyopinion.There
aretabletsavailablein1,2,3and5mgdoses.Thereisnomaximum
dailydosesuggestedalthoughthelongtermseffectsofMelatonin
arelargelyunknown.Mytypicaldoseis~0.33mg(a1mgtabletcut
intothreepieces).Idonothowever,useMelatoninonanykindof
regularbasis.
Summary:Melatoninisahormonethatisformedfromserotonin.It
hasthepotentialtosuppressREMsleepandcanbeusedasasleep
aid.Ifindthat5HTPissuperiortoMelatoninforthepurposeof
producingvividdreamexperiencesandIfinditdifficulttofallbackto
sleepaftertheMelatoninhaswornoff.Mypreferredwaytouse
Melatoninisinverysmalldoses(<0.5mg)asanaidtofalltobackto
sleepaftertakingsomeofthemorestimulatingluciddream
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supplements.
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AchievingHighLevelLucidDreams
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15
AreYouReadyForThis?
IrememberthefirstdayIwentparachutinglikeitwas
yesterday.Iarrivedatthedropzoneat7:30AMwithastomachfullof
butterflies.CanIdothis?Iwondered.Mymindwasfullof
excitement,anticipation,doubt,andfear.Ithenproceededtogo
throughadetailedfourhourlongclassthatwentrepeatedlyover
exactlywhattodoineverypossiblesituation.TimeandtimeagainI
wentthroughtheexactdetailsofhowtoclimboutoftheplaneand
hangfromthewing,howtoarchmybackandletgo,howtostay
mentallyalertwhilefalling,howtohandleanyoneofdozensof
potentialproblemsthatmightoccur,howtosteermychuteandkeep
mybearings,andfinallyhowlandsothatIdidntgethurt.Attheend
oftheclasstheinstructorcamearoundtoeachoneofusandasked,
Areyoureadyforthis?IansweredwithaconfidentYes.Ifelt
ready,reallyready.
Butthenithappened,Iputonmyparachute,walkedoutinto
themiddleofalargegrassyfieldandclimbedintothesmallCessna.
MyfirstimpressionoftheplanewasthatofanoldVWBeetlewith
wingsandthenaftertheenginestartedIrevisedmyimpressiontobe
thatofanoldVWBeetlewithwingsthatneededatuneup.My
stomachstartedtoacheandmymusclesandjointsfeltweakand
uncomfortable.Wetookoffandproceededtoflyincirclesaroundthe
dropzone.
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Ilookednervouslyoutofthewindowandwatchedaseach
circletookushigherandhigher.Thejumpaltitudewas~3500ftand
suddenlytheenginesquietedandpilot/jumpmasteropenedhis
windowtoletinablastofwindandthenmotionedformetomove
forwardtothedoor.TosaythatIwasoverflowingwithfearisabitof
anunderstatementbutImanagedtokeepmyselftogetherandcrawl
tothedoor.Openthedoorshoutedthejumpmaster.Iturnedthe
knobandthedoorflewopenwithamightythrush.Thejumpmaster
lockedthedoorinplaceandthenbellowedthenextcommand,
Position!heshouted.Inhindsight,InowunderstandthatIwasin
partialshockandmyfearhadturnedtototalnumbnessasIplaced
myfootoutonthe3inchby10inchstepprotrudingfromthesideof
theplane.Myfootwasfollowedbymyhandthatgrabbedontothe
strutconnectingthewingtotheplane.TheviewwasamazingbutI
couldntenjoyit.Ihadalwaysconsideredmyselftobescaredof
heights,butIwassohighthatitdidntevenseemtoberealandallI
feltwasnumbness.Thenmysecondhandfollowed.Islideboth
handsoutalongthestrutasIsteppedfullyoutoftheplane.Thewind
noiseandpressurewereintense.ThenIletmyfeethangoutinthe
openairbehindme.Itsmucheasiertohangfromthewingofaplane
thanyoumightthink,iffornootherreasonthanthedeathgripthat
youimposeonthestrut.Ilookedintheplaneknowingthattherewas
noturningback.
Thejumpmasterlookedmeintheeyeandgavethethumbs
up.WiththatsignalIturnedmyheadforwardandlookedupata
smallreddotpaintedontheundersideofthewingandletgo.The
nextseveralsecondsareatotalblurofwhichIonlyrememberavivid
sightoftheplanerapidlydiminishinginsizefollowedbyaseriesof
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jerks.Imalive!Ialmostcried.ThenIheardavoicecomingfromthe
radioIwaswearingaroundmyneck.Yahhoo!Nicejump.Yourlines
areabittwistedsoyourgoingtohavetokickyourselfoutthevoice
said.What?Ilookedup,OhmyGod!Theseriesoflinesthat
connectedmyharnesstotheparachuteweretwistedaroundeach
otherkeepingtheslider,asmallpieceoffabricthatlocksthechute
open,fromslidingintoplace.Iwasalmostpanickingasthethoughts
racedthroughmyheadWhatdoIdo,whatdoIdo?Asifoncuethe
voiceinradiosaidagain,Youregoingtohavetokickyourselfout.
ThememorycamebackandIproceededtokickmylegsoutinabig
circularmotion.Thisgotmespinningaroundandarounduntilthe
cordsfullyuntwistedandthesliderslideintoplace.Ibreathedthe
biggestsighofreliefthatispossibleforalivingbeing.Forthefirst
timeIreallylookeddown.ThereIwassuspendedabout2500feet
abovetheground.Theonlysoundwasthatofthewind.Thefarms
belowlookedonlylikerectanglesofvarioussizesandshadesof
green.Thetreesremindedmeoftinypiecesofbroccolispread
acrossaplate.Reachupandreleaseyourbrakesshoutedthe
voiceintheradio.Ilookedupandcouldseethetwosteeringropes
thatwereVelcrodintotheslowbrakeposition.Thehandleswere
about15abovethewhiteknucklegripthatIwasusingtoholdonto
themainlines.Isuddenlyrealizedthattheonlythingreallyholding
meintheharnessweretwonylonstripsthatwrappedaroundmy
legs.IfthosebreakImgoingtofallrightoutofthischute,Ithought
andonceagainIwasovercomebyfear.Ilookedupagain,Calm
down.Ireachedupwithonehandandreleasedthebrakefollowed
bytheother.AtthispointIcouldbegintosteerthechuteandmy
stressfinallystartedtotransformintopureandintenseenjoyment.I
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letoutaseriesofyahhoosthatweresoloudthattheycouldbe
clearlyheardontheground(orsoIwastold).Iglideddown,
performingaseriesofcircles,bothverylargeandsomeverytight
untilIdroppedgentlyontheground.Alrightmaybeitwasntsogentle
butIhaddoneitandlivedtotalkaboutit.
Thepointofthisstoryistounderstandthatnoamountof
intellectualortechnicaltrainingcouldhavepreparedmeforthereal
experienceofjumpingoutofanairplane.Thesameistrueoflucid
dreaming,ingeneral,andespeciallyforthesupplementapproachto
luciddreaming.Therearetwotypesofluciddreamsthatare
popularlyrecognized:DILDsandWILDs.DILDreferstoalucid
dreamthatstartsasanormal(nonlucid)dream.Inthiscasethe
dreamertypicallyrecognizesthatsomethingisntquiterightand
thensuddenlybecomesawarethattheyaredreaming.Ithasbeen
reportedthat~90%ofallluciddreamsareDILDsandonly10%are
WILDs.UsingthesupplementapproachIfindtheoppositetobetrue
wellover90%areWILDs.WILDreferstoaphenomenonofmoving
directlyfromwakingconsciousnessintoadreamwithtotalcontinuity.
Theactualtransitionfromthephysicalworldtothedreamworldcan
beeverybitasintenseasjumpingoutofanairplane.Forthisreason
IcansaywithconfidencethatIcannotfullyprepareyouforthe
experience.Icanonlyletyouknowaboutmyexperiences,what
mightoccurtoyou,andtoletyouknowthatothershavegonebefore
andcrossedbetweenworldsandlivedtotalkabout.
TypicalExperiences:Thefollowingparagraphssummarizethefour
typesoftransitionsthatmakeupthemajorityofmysupplement
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inducedWILDs.Ihavelistedtheminorderfromthemostgentleto
themostintense.
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1.Themostgentletransitionsaretheonesinwhichthedream
worldcomestomeratherthanmegoingtothedreamworld.
Imagesstartforminginthemindandbecomeincreasingly
detailedandcomplex.Suddenlythereisafullydetailed
dreamenvironmentthatfillsmymind.Atthispoint,Iamonly
anobserverandamnotfullyintegratedintoeithertheplotor
thefabricofthedream.Theactualtransitioncanbeswiftand
surprising.Thedreamseemstowraparoundyouandyou
suddenlyfindyourselfstandinginafullyanimateddream
world.Asanexampleconsiderthefollowingexperiencethat
occurredtome.Iwaslyingonmyrightsidewitheyesclosed
andwaitingpatientlyformyluciddreamtostart.Imagesof
varyingdetailwerefloatinginandoutofmyawareness.An
imageformedthatstartedasdarkimpressionslackingin
shapeanddetail.Colorsstartedtobecomericherandthe
imagesbegantotakeonfamiliarandrecognizableshapes.
Theimagesstartedasdiscreteandseparated,butthen
startedtoformasinglecomplexview.Itwasaroom.I
watchedobjectscomeintofocus:abed,abookshelffilled
withbooks,toysscatteredonthefloor.Thenanotherform
startedtoappear.Theformtransitionedfromaslewofcolors
intoaboyaboutsevenyearsoldstandinginfrontofme.The
detailsbecameincreasinglyclearer.Theboycameinto
perfectfocus.Strippedshirt,brownhairandpalecomplexion
arejustafewofthedetails.Suddenlytheboyturnedhishead
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andlookedmedirectlyinmymindseyeasthoughfullyaware
Iwasthere.HislookwassopiercingthatitsurprisedmeandI
backedup.ThenInoticedthatIhadreallybackedup!Itwas
atthispointthatIbecameawareofmydreambodyandfound
myselfstandingintheroomfacingthechild.Fromtherethe
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lucidexperiencebegan.Thistypeoftransitioningexperience
accountsforabout10%ofmyWILDs.
2.Moreoftenthedreamdoesnotcometothedreamerbutthe
dreamermustgotothedream.Thisismuchmoreprofound.
Themostgentleofthesetypesoftransitionsgenerallystarts
asafeelingoffloating,oratleastascertainpartsofyour
bodyasfloating,whicharedistinctandseparatefromthe
physicalbody.Afteralittlepracticewiththisfeelingyoulearn
thatyourmindhasinfactalreadyformedyourdreambody
anditislyinginamoreorlesscoincidentpositionwithyour
physicalbody.Yourawarenesshasalreadystartedtoshiftto
thedreamworldbuthasdonesotactilelyratherthanvisually.
Inthesecasesitispossibletoguideyourdreambodyaway
fromyourphysicalbodyandthenyoujustneedtostandup
andwalkaway.Nowcomesthedebateaboutoutofbody
experiencesandluciddreams.TypicallywhenIgetupand
walkawayIaminmybedroom.Icanwalkaroundthehouse
asIpleaseuntilmysurroundingstransformintoadifferent
localeeithernaturallyorbyaconsciouseffort.WasIwalking
aroundmyphysicalhouseoradreamrepresentationofmy
physicalhouse?AlthoughIcantsaywith100%certainty,I
believethelatter.Ibelievethatitisverynaturalforthemind
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tocreateadreamrepresentationoftheplacethatyou
physicallylaiddownunderthissetofcircumstances.Your
consciousnessremainedunbrokenduringthetransition.Your
consciousnessrememberscominginandlyingdownonyour
bed.Soitisnaturalthatyourconsciousnessbelievesyouare
stillthereonceyouenterthedream.Inluciddreamingitsall
aboutbelief.Ifyoureallybelieveit,itisrealwithinalucid
dream.SincemyconsciousnessiscontinuousandbecauseI
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amcertainIlaiddownonmybed,whenIstandupandwalk
awayImustbewalkingawayfrommybed.Ifyoufollowthe
programoutlinedinthisbookyoucandecideforyourself
becauseyouwillundoubtedlyexperiencethisphenomenon.
Thistypeofexperienceaccountsforabout40%ofmy
WILDS.
3.Thethirdtypeoftransitionisquitecommonandcanbevery
intense.Onceagainconsciousnessremainsunbrokenbut
thistimeIexperiencewhatIrefertoasintenseaccelerations
asameansofmovingintothedreamworld.Thisisalmost
alwaysjustatactilesensationthatinvolvesmybodysuddenly
acceleratinginaparticulardirectionatincrediblespeeds.The
velocitycanvarygreatlyfromexperiencetoexperiencebut
canbefasterandmorerealisticthanyoucanpossibly
imagine.FurthermoreImaysuddenlystoporchange
directioninatotallyunpredictableway.Inthebeginningyou
willprobablyhavenocontroloverthisbutafterawhileyou
caninfluenceitabit.Oncetheshockfactorofthiseventhas
wornoffyouwillmostlikelyreallyenjoytheexperience(at
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leastIdo)butthefirstfewtimesmightreallyfreakyouout.
Dontletitscareyou,itisnaturalandithappensallofthe
time.NowwhenIfeeltheaccelerationsstartingIgetasmile
onmydreambodysfaceandtrytoprolongtheexperienceby
pushingmyselftofasterandfasterspeeds.SometimeIfeela
textureunderneathme,likeIambeingdraggedacrossthe
ground(dontworryitneverhurts).Thereisalsoaless
common,butthoroughlyenjoyable,typeofaccelerationthat
hasoccurredasIwastryingtorolloutofmyphysicalbody
justastheaccelerationsstarted.Theresultwasaspinthat
theTasmaniadevilwouldhavebeenproudof.Generally
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whentheaccelerationstopsIeitherfindmyselfinadreamor
inmybedroominwhichIjustgetupandwalkaway.Thistype
ofexperienceaccountsforabout45%ofmyWILDs.
4.Thelasttypeoftransitionhasonlyoccurredtometwiceand
thereforeisveryrare.Itinvolvesasenseofvibrationthat
startsatthebackofmyheadandspineandgrowsincredibly
intenseasitmovestowardsthefrontofmyhead.Itslike
walkingbackwardsthroughanelectriccurtain.Thereareno
wordsthatcanexplaintheintensityoftheexperience.Both
timeswereaccompaniedbyasenseofparalysisand
althoughthesensationonlylastedforabout20secondsitis
lifechanging.Thesensationsstartmildandthengrowmore
intenseinanexponentialmanneruntilyourverysoulisbeing
shakenloosefromthephysicalworld.Then,inaninstant,the
sensationtotallyvanishes.Atthispointyouarefreetogetup
andwalkintothedreamworld.
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Itwouldbefoolishtothinkthatthesearetheonlytypesof
transitionsthatoccurtheyaremerelytheonlyonesIhavepersonally
experienced.Itwouldbeequallyfoolishforyoutothinkthatan
intellectualaccountoftheseexperiencescancomeclosetocapturing
therealexperienceofthesetransitions.Theyarealllifechanging.
Advancedluciddreamingisnotforthemeekandtimid,youare
movingintoavirtuallyunknowndimensionthatiseverybitasrealas
thephysical.Althoughyoushouldntbescaredoftheunknown,you
shouldalwaysmaintaintheverydeepestrespectforit.
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16
UnderstandingtheStrategy
Usingsupplementstoachievehighlevelluciddreamingrequires
astrategyifonewantstomaximizetheoddsofbecominglucidwhile
alsomaximizingthefrequencyofattempts.ThestrategythatIhave
developedissimpleandeffective.Inthemostgeneralsensethe
strategycanbebrokendownintofourelements:
Placehealthandwellbeingfirst.
Maintainhighqualityandbalancedsleep.
Achievehighlevelluciddreams.
Counteracttheeffectsofdesensitization
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andtolerance.
Letstakeadeeperlookateachoneoftheseelements.
Placehealthandwellbeingfirst:IfollowacoupleofrulesthatI
nevercompromisewhenitcomestohealthandsupplements.
1.Alwaysstartwithasmalldoseandthenincreaseitonlytothe
pointofeffectiveness.
2.Neverexceedthemaximumrecommendeddailydose(asset
byclinicalresearch).
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3.Alwaystakesupplementsindividuallyfirstbeforecombining
themwithothersupplements.
4.Alwaystrackandrecordanysideeffectsnomatterhowsmall
theymaybe,rememberingthatsideeffectscanbephysical,
mental,and/oremotional.
Maintainhighqualityandbalancedsleep:Sleepistoooftenan
afterthoughtinourlivesyetishasaprofoundeffectonourqualityof
life.Iamafather,ahusband,afulltimeemployee,awriter,a
homeowner,aluciddreamer,andmuchmore.Attimestryingto
manageeverythingseemsbothimpossibleandimpractical.Even
withabusyschedulehowever,Idonotsacrificemysleep,nordoI
sleepmylifeaway.Istrivefor78hoursofsleepatleastfivenightsa
weekandItrytoneverdropbelowsixhours.Moresleepisntneeded
butlesssleepindetrimentaltoourphysical,mentalandemotional
health.Forhealthydreaming,youneed78hoursofsleeppernight.
Thiswillnotonlyimproveyourstatemindbutalsogreatly
improveyouroddsofbecominglucid.Achievingfrequent,highlevel
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luciddreamswilldemandsomeshiftsinthewayyousleep.Hereare
somesimplerulestofollowthathaveproventoworkextremelywell.
1.Alwayssleep45hoursbeforeattemptingtohavealucid
dream
2.Donotattemptluciddreamsonnightsthatyoufeelphysically,
mentally,oremotionallyexhausted.
3.Ifattemptingthreeofmorenightsofluciddreamingperweek,
activelysuppressREMsleepinthehoursbeforeeach
attempt.
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Qualitysleepisprobablythemostoftenoverlooked,yet
extremelyimportantaspectofluciddreampractice.Sleepresearch
hasshownthatwhenwefirstfalltosleepafteranactiveday,we
naturallyandquicklydropintodeepnonREMsleep.Therearefew,if
any,welldocumentedreportsofluciddreamsoccurringduringthe
deepsleepstages.Alsokeepinmindthatsupplementswhichactas
luciddreamtriggersdonotletyougointothedeepstagesofsleep
thisisoneofthereasonswhytheyworksowell.Takingacetylcholine
boostingsupplementsornorepinephrineboostingsupplementsatthe
beginningofnightisnotpracticalnoraneffectivemeansofinducing
luciddreams.Whenthisisdonethebodyisplacedinastateof
conflictthebodywantsdeepsleepbutthesupplementswontallow
it.TheresultisnoluciddreamANDpoorqualityofsleep.
Rememberthatdeepsleepisassociatedwithelevatedserotonin
levelsandlowacetylcholineandnorepinephrinelevels.Byallowing
yourselftosleepfourorfivehoursbeforetakingaluciddream
trigger,youareallowingyourbodytocompleteaboutthreefullsleep
cycles.Thisistheturningpointwherethebodystartstofavorthe
REMsleepstageinsteadofthedeepsleepstagesinnaturalsleep.
Whenatriggeristakenatthistimeitworksmoresynergisticallywith
thebodyinsteadofputtingthebodyinastateofconflict.Thereis
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sometimespentindeepnonREMsleepduringthesecondhalfof
thenight,andtakingthesesupplementswillsuppressitwellbeyond
whatisnatural.Forthisreason,onemightfeelsomewhatenergy
deprivedfollowinganightofsupplementinducedluciddreaming.
ThiscanbealmosttotallyavoidedifREMissuppressedinthefirst
halfofthenight.Forexample,ifamodestdoseof5HTPistakenjust
beforebedtime,theserotoninlevelsinthebrainwillbeelevated.The
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doseworkssynergisticallywiththebrainbecauseitwantsdeepsleep
inthefirsthalfofthenightandincreasedserotoninlevelsare
associatedwithdeepsleep.Whereasthebrainnaturallyhassome
shortperiodsofREMsleep,the5HTPwillacttosuppressthemby
continuouslycrossingthebloodbrainbarrierandconvertinginto
serotonin,thereforemaintainingamoreorlessconstantdeepsleep.
Asthe5HTPwearsoff,thebrainwillwanttomakeupforthelost
timespentinREMandwillsuppresssomeofthenonREMsleepin
theearlymorninghours.Ifaluciddreamtriggeristakenatthis
transitionpoint,theresultwillbemoreorlessasplityetbalanced
nightssleep:deepnonREMsleepinthefirsthalfofthenightand
REM(luciddream)sleepinthesecondhalf.Notonlydoesthisresult
inarestfulnightssleepbutitcanalsonoticeablyextendthelengthof
yourluciddreams.
Finallydontforegoyourcommonsenseinthesearchoflucid
dreams.Ifyouarephysically,mentallyoremotionallyexhausted,
takethenightoffandgetsomerest.Thesameistrueifyouareill.In
thesecasesyourbodywillrequiremoredeepsleepthanusualand
youshouldletyourbodyhealitself.
Achievehighlevelluciddreams:Therearemoreelements
involvedinachievingahighlevelluciddreamthanjusttakinga
supplement.SomuchsothatIhavededicatedanentirepartofthis
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booktothesubject(seePart4:IncreasingYourOdds).Themost
importantelement,withoutadoubt,istohavetherightstateofmind.
Althoughitistruethatyouhavetowantittohappeninordertohave
anychanceofsuccess,youmustexpectittohappenifyouwantto
getyoursuccessrateupabove90%.Oneofthemainreasonsmy
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successissoextremelyhighisthatIknowthatIwillhavealucid
dreamonthenightsItrytodoso.OfcourseoneofthereasonsIam
sosureisthatIvehadmanysuccessfulattemptsonwhichtobuild
myconfidence.
Thenextimportantelementistotaketherightcombinationof
supplementsattherighttime.Ifyoufollowtheprogramoutlinedin
thenextfewchapters,youwillquicklyfindwhatworksforyouand
whatdoesnt.
Thethirdelementispatience.Inahighlevelluciddreamyou
areneitherfullyasleepnorareyoufullyawakeortoputitanother
way,youaresimultaneouslyasleepandawake.Thelucidstateisa
borderlinestatelocatedbetweentheclassicaldefinitionofsleepand
wakefulness.Thereforethetriggersthatworkbestdonotlend
themselvestoeasilyfallingtosleep,norshouldthey.Animportant
keytosuccessistoliequietlyandjustbepatient.Thereisnorush.
Havefaiththatthedreamswillcome.Thistakesabitofgettinguse
to.Donttalktoyourself.Dontanalyzethesituation.Dontkeepflip
floppingpositions.Remainrelaxedandlietherepatiently.Ihave
developedafewexercisesdesignedtomovesomeonefrom
wakefulnessintothelucidstate.Theseexerciseshavemadeabig
impactonmysuccessrateandwillbeexplainedinPart4ofthis
book.
Finallythereisanarttomakingtheactualtransitionintothe
dream.Theexperienceoftransitioningfromthephysicalintothe
dreamisaweinspiringandlifechanging.Inthebeginningyoumay
havenightswhereyougorighttotheedgebutjustmissthe
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transition.Usuallythishappensbecauseyougettooexcitedand
wakeyourselfup.Dontletitfrustrateyou.Itgetsmucheasieraftera
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fewsuccessesarebehindyou.Aftersomepracticeyouwillfindthat
youcanbringyourselfoutofaluciddreamandthengobackinmany
timesduringasinglenight.
Counteracttheeffectsofdesensitizationandtolerance:The
goalisnotjusttohaveoneortwoluciddreams,itstohavehighlevel
luciddreamsfrequentlyandforyearstocome.Desensitizationand
toleranceareveryrealphenomenaandshouldnotbe
underestimated.Fortunatelythereareafewtechniquesthatwork
extremelywellandshouldbeincorporatedrightfromthebeginning.I
willexplainthesetechniquesindetailinchapter18,butthe
philosophycanbesummarizedas:
Donttakealargerdosethannecessarytogettheresult.
Alwaysletthesupplementsclearoutofyoursystem.
Ifthesupplementsstayinyoursystemwellbeyondthetime
oftheluciddream,activelycounteracttheireffectsifpossible.
Donttakethesamecombinationtwiceinarow(i.e.alternate
betweenseveralcombinations).
Ifnecessarytakesometimeoff.
FollowingthissimplephilosophyIamabletohavehighlevellucid
dreamsonaneveryothernightbasiswithpracticallyguaranteed
success.
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17
PrimaryTriggerCombination
IhavelistedeightdifferentsupplementsthatIhaveusedwith
successinmyownpersonalluciddreamdevelopment.Sowhere
shouldyoustartyourownluciddreamdevelopment?Thebestwayto
inducealuciddreamusingsupplementsistouseoneoftheproven
luciddreamtriggers.Recallthatthetriggersdomorethanjust
increasedreamvividnessandrecalltheyactuallypromotelucid
dreaming.Luciddreamtriggersworkbyallowingyoutomovefrom
thewakingstatedirectlyintothedreamstate(WILD)orbypromoting
enhancedreasoningskillsthatallowyoutorecognizeyourdream
signs(DILD).Inpart2,fourluciddreamtriggerswereidentified:
Galantamine,GPC,Nicotine,andYohimbine.Yohimbineincreases
norepinephrinelevelsandtheotherthreeincreaseacetylcholine
levels.Hereismyadvice:
DontstartwithYohimbine:Yohimbineisprovingtobeonethe
mostadvancedsupplementsinmyowndevelopmentbutitnotthe
beststartingplace.AlthoughIhavefoundYohimbinetobea
successfultrigger,itismoredifficulttousethantheothers.
YohimbinedoesnotinitiateREMsleepandthereforerequiresthat
younaturallyenterREMsleepshortlyaftertakingit.Thisrequires
thatyouhaveagoodunderstandingofyoursleepcycleinorderto
useiteffectively.TheotherdisadvantagewithYohimbineisthatthere
isafinelinebetweenasuccessfulluciddreamandinsomnia.
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Tocomplicatetheissue,youremotionalstatecannoticeably
affecttheoptimumdosage.Ifyoufeelanyexcitementoranticipation
duringanattemptyourbrainwillnaturallyproducemore
norepinephrine.Youmayfindthatthesamedosethatworkedonone
nightleadstoinsomniaonthenext.ForthesereasonsIdont
recommendusingYohimbineastheprimarytrigger.
DontstartwithNicotine:IrarelyusenicotinethesedaysbutIhave
hadverygoodsuccesswithit.OnecouldeasilyuseNicotineasa
startingpointforluciddreamdevelopment.Ofallthesupplements
discussed,Nicotinehasthemostnoticeablesideeffects.Ithasbeen
showntorapidlycauseshorttermdesensitizationofthenicotinicACh
receptorsandcaneventuallyleadtolongterm(i.e.permanent)
desensitization.Thesereceptorsarecrucialforluciddreamingso
bestnottodesensitizethem.
ThisleavesGalantamineandGPC.Rememberthat
GalantamineinhibitsthebreakdownofAChandGPCisaprecursor
toACh.Thetwoworkverywelltogether(asIwilldiscussinchapter
19).IrecommendstartingwithGalantaminebasedonthefactthatit
isincrediblyeffectiveandbecauseIhavemuchmoreexperience
usingitthanIdowithGPC.GPChastheadvantageofbeing
extremelywelltoleratedbutithasthedisadvantageofalongertime
untilpeakplasmalevelsarereachedyoumayfalltosleeptooearly.
Ifthisshouldhappenyouwillneedtobecomelucidfromwithinthe
dream(i.e.DILD)insteadofmovingdirectlyfromwakefulnessinto
thedream(i.e.WILD).
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StartwithGalantamine:TheveryfirstnightItriedGalantamine,I
hadaluciddreamthatwasalmostanhourlong.Itisanextremely
effectivetrigger.GalantamineismosteffectiveifaCholine
supplementisusedincombinationwithit.Recallfromchapters7&8
thatwhenCholineiscombinedwithGalantamine,AChlevelsrise
morequickly,increasingyouroddsofmovingdirectlyintoREM
(dream)sleep.ThetypeofCholineshouldbeeitherCholine
BitartrateorCholineCitrateandcanbepurchasedeitherpremixed
withGalantamineorasaseparatesupplement.Dontbuy
GalantaminethatispartofamemorymixorthathasMelatonin
mixedinyouwilljustbeconfusingtheissue.Irecommendadoseof
48mgofGalantaminecombinedwith250500mgofCholine.I
recommendagainsthigherdosesofGalantaminebecausetheriskof
sideeffectscomeintoplayaroundthe1216mglevel.Iusethe
Galantamine/Cholinemixastheprimarytriggercombinationon
whichallothercombinationsarebuilt.
Procedureforinducingyourfirstsupplementbasedlucid
dream:Suggestionsonhowtohaveasuccessfulluciddreamusing
theGalantamine/Cholinetrigger.
1.DonotconsumeAlcoholontheeveningpriortotheattempt.
Asingleglassofwinewithdinnermaybealright,butkeepit
toaminimum.
2.Gotobedaround10:30PM.
3.Sleeppeacefullyuntil3:30AMandgetup.Itisbetterifyou
canwakeyourselfupnaturallywithouttheuseofanalarm
clockbutifyoumustuseonesetthevolumejustloudenough
tobeeffective.
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4.Getupandgotothetoiletthentake48mgofGalantamine
and250500mgofCholineBitartrateorCholineCitratewitha
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cupofwater.
5.Ifyoufeeloverlygroggy,stretchalittle(nomorethanabout
fiveminutes).Rememberthatyoudonotwanttofall
immediatelybacktosleep.Youwanttotransitionintosleep
afterthesupplementshavestartedworking.
6.Liebackinbed.Irecommendlyingonyourbackwithyour
handsbyyourside.Makesureyourecomfortable.
7.Whenyoufirstliedowngooveryourintentionsthreetimes.
Tellyourselfsomethinglike,ThenextthingIwillexperience
willbeadream.Iwillrecognizethedreamstateandbecome
lucid.WhileIaminthedreamIwill(fillinwhateveryouwant
todohere)andsoon.
8.Afteryougooverthisthreetimesquietthemind.Whenever
youfindthatyouarethinkingtoyourselfjustcasuallystop.
Dontgetfrustratedifyoufindyourinternalvoicekeeps
talking,justkeeplettingitgowithoutpayingmuchattentionto
it.
9.Afterabouttwentyminutesturnontoyourside.TheTibetan
dreamyogasuggeststhatmenshouldsleepontheirright
sideandwomenshouldsleepontheirleftside.TheTibetans
believethatformen,lyingontherightsideslightly
compressesthebodysrightsideenergychannel.This
suppressesnegativeemotionsandencourageswisdomprana
(vitalenergy)toflowintheleftchannel.Theoppositeistrue
forwomen.Sleepingonmyrightsidehasprovenvery
effective.
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10.Nowjustcalmlyrelaxandbepatient.
Itverywellmaytakeyouoveranhourtofalltosleepthefirstfew
timesyoutrythis.ThisisduetotheAChlevelsbuilding,combined
withyourownexcitement(excitementincreasesnorepinephrine
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levels).Itdoesbecomeeasierafterafewsuccessfulattempts.Just
keeplyingtherecalmlyandpatientlywaitingforthedreamtocome.
Youmaystarttoexperienceagentlethrobbingsensationinyour
head.Dontgettooexcitedifthishappens.Justrelaxandwait.Once
youseeimagescomingandgoinginyourmindyouwillknowyouare
gettingclose.Remainpassive,relaxandwait.Themoreyoucan
controlyourexcitementthebetteryourchancesareofsuccessand
thesoonertheluciddreamwillcome.Theimageswillstartto
becomemorefrequentandmorevivid.Youmaystarttoexperiencea
vibrationinyourheadandneck,orafeelingoffloating.Dontget
excited.Justrelaxandwait.Atthispointatransitionwilllikelyoccur.
Rememberthatthetransitionscancomeinmanyforms.Ifthe
vibrationsgetverystrongorifyousuddenlyexperienceanincredible
sensationofacceleration,youareprobablyalreadyinyourdream
bodyandcanjustgetupandwalkaway.However,forthefirstfew
attemptsyoushouldnotgetup.Insteadjustkeeplyingthere
patiently.Thiswillresultinadreamformingwithyouinsideitand
fullyaware.
Afteryouhavegoneinandexploredabit,Isuggestyou
consciouslywakeyourselfup.Thisisaseasyasjustdecidingtodo
sofromwithinthedream.Thiswillhelpkeepthememoriesfreshand
vivid.Thengetupandwriteeverythingdown.
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Manypeoplewillbesuccessfulontheirfirstattempt.Ifyourenot,
dontworryaboutit,youllgetthefeelofitafterafewattempts.
Whetheryouresuccessfulornot,waitatleastfourdaysbeforetrying
again.Timewillworkinyourfavorhere.Istronglyrecommendnot
takingGalantamineontwoconsecutivenightsbecauseyouarenot
givingitenoughtimetocompletelyclearoutofyoursystem.This
maycausetoleranceissuesinthefuture.Followthisroutineuntilyou
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haveexperiencedatleastfivehighlevelluciddreams.Atthispoint
youarereadytoadvancetothemultipletriggercombinations
outlinedinthefollowingchapters.
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18
CounteractingDesensitizationandTolerance
Desensitizationandtolerance,althoughrelated,donotmean
thesamething.Whereasdesensitizationismainlyaphysiological
effect,toleranceinvolvespsychologicalaspectscoupledtoboth
directandindirectphysiologicaleffects.Thenetresultisthesame
however:Thesupplementsjustdontworkaswellastheyuseto.
Afterexperiencingatleastfivehighlevelluciddreamsusing
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themethodoutlinedinthepreviouschapteryoumayhavenoticed
twosubtlebutimportantchanges.First,thegentlethrobbinginyour
headprobablyisntasstrongasitwasthefirsttimeyoutried
Galantamine.Second,youprobablycanfalltosleepmucheasier
thanyoucouldafterthefirstfewattempts.Bothoftheseeventsare
relatedtotolerance.Thethrobbingseemstooccurduetotherapidly
increasinglevelsofacetylcholineinsideyourbraincausedby
Galantamine.Afterafewtimes,thebodyismoretoleranttothisrapid
fluctuation.Thetimeittakestogotosleepismorecontrolledbyyour
reactionsandexpectations.Strongexcitementandanticipationcause
norepinephrinetobereleasedinthebrainatthesametimethat
GalantamineisactingtoincreaseAChlevels.Thismakesfallingto
sleepmuchmoredifficultthantheGalantaminedoesonitsown.
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Also,sincenorepinephrinealsocanactasaluciddream
trigger(seeYohimbine),yourownexcitementcanactuallyincrease
youroddsofsuccessandevenmakeanytransitioningsensations
moreintensethanGalantaminewillcauseonitsown.Alittlebitof
toleranceistobeexpected,isnatural,andcanbehandledquite
easily.
Desensitization,ontheotherhand,mustbeavoided.
Desensitizationisaphysiologicalevent.Galantaminecauses
increasedlevelsofacetylcholinetobepresentinthebrainforupto
48hoursafteryoutakeadose.Thisincreasedconcentrationcan
literallycausethereceptorsthattheacetylcholinebindswithtostart
tolosetheirsensitivity.Thismeansthatinordertohavethesame
physiologicaleffectyouwillneedtoincreasetheacetylcholinelevels
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evenfurther(i.e.takealargerdoseofGalantamine)inordertoget
thesameeffectasyouhadwiththeinitialdoses.Thelargerdose
causesfurtherdesensitizationandhenceaviciouscyclecontinues
untilonereachesahighenoughdosethatnegativesideeffectsbegin
tosurface.FortunatelyclinicalstudiesshowthatGalantaminedoes
notcauselongtermdesensitization.Shorttermdesensitizationcan
becounteredbylettingthelevelofacetylcholinewithinthebrain
returntoitsnormalstateforsomeperiodoftimebeforetaking
anotherdose.
Ihavebeensuccessfulinavoidingtoleranceanddesensitization
byfollowingasimpleandeffectivestrategy:
Donttakealargerdosethannecessarytogettheresult.There
isnopointintakingexcessivedosesofanysupplement.Going
beyondthedoserequiredtoproducethedesiredeffectwillultimately
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leadtomorerapidtolerancebuildupanddesensitization.AlthoughI
oftenrefertospecificdosesthatworkwellforme,keepinmindthatI
determinedthesedosesbyaratherrigoroustrialanderrorperiod.
DuringthisperiodItookonlyonesupplementpernightateither11
PMorat4AMinordertorecordtheeffectsthatithadonmydreams.
Istartedatverylowdosesandoftenhadtocutupasinglepillin
manysmallpiecestogettowhatIconsideredtobeasuitable
startingpoint.Ithenworkedmywayuptofindthedoselevelsthat
startedtohaveaprofoundeffectonmydreams.ThenwhenIstarted
combiningsupplementsIreducedthedosesandstartedtoagain
builduptoseewhatworked.Althoughthiswasapainstaking
exerciseityieldedawealthofinformationabouthoweachofthese
supplementscanbeusedtoproducesomeamazingluciddreams
andalsowhatdoselevelsworkbestforme.Iwouldntexpectthatmy
optimumdoseisequaltoyouroptimumdose.Itisagoodideato
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startatthelowendofthedoserangethatIhaveincludedinmy
recommendations,andprobablyanevenbetterideatocutthose
dosesinhalfandbuildupfromthereinordertooptimizeyourown
doselevels.Bykeepingthedosagestoaminimum,youare
minimizingtheswinginyourbrainsneurotransmitterlevels.By
keepingthisswingtomoreofatilt,youareensuringthattheentire
systemstaysbalancedandrobust.Swingingtoofarcannotonlylead
tophysicalsideeffects,butcanalsoleadtomoodswingsoreven
scatteredthoughts.
Alwaysletsupplementstotallyclearoutofyoursystem.By
lettingthesupplementsclearoutofyoursystem,youareallowing
yourbodytoreturntoitsnormalstateandforallofthe
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neurotransmitterstoreturntotheirnormallevelswithinthebrain.
Returningtothenormalstateforsomeperiodoftimeisanexcellent
waytoguardagainstshorttermdesensitizationandthereforeensure
thatthesupplementskeepworkingastheyshould.Thequestionthat
mustbeaskedishowlongdoesthebodyneedtostayinitsnatural
statebeforetheshorttermdesensitizationisdiminished?Thisis
complicatedquestionthatdependsonmanyfactorsandreallyhasno
simpleanswer,butmyapproachhasbeentoletthebodyremainin
thenormalstateforatleastaslongasthesupplementwasinthe
body.
Forthemostpart,allofthesupplementscontainedinthis
bookhavesufficientlyclearedoutofthebodyafterabouttwelve
hours.Byusingtheruleabove,thiswouldimplythatthese
supplementscouldbetakenonadailybasis:12hoursinthebody
plus12hoursoutofthebody.Themajorexceptiontothisis
Galantaminewhichtakesabout48hourstoclearoutofthebody.
ThisimpliesthatGalantamineshouldnotbetakenmorefrequently
thanonceeveryfourdaysinordertoavoidanyshortterm
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desensitizationproblems.
Ifthesupplementsstayinyoursystemwellbeyondthetimeof
theluciddream,activelycounteracttheireffectsifpossible.The
fourdayruleforGalantamineworksverywellformeandIhaveseen
mysuccessratedropifItrytoshortenthetimebetweenattempts.
Thatis,untilIactivelystartedtryingtocounteractitseffectsassoon
asmyluciddreamended.Piracetamisaveryusefulsubstanceto
helpnormalizethecholinergicsystem.Therehavebeenmany
studiesthatshowPiracetamhelpsoptimizetheefficiencywithwhich
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acetylcholineisusedup.Someofthesestudiesindicatethat
Piracetamcancounteractbothshorttermandlongterm
desensitizationoftheAChreceptorsbycounteractingtheeffectsof
thedrugsthatarecausingthedesensitizationtooccur.Galantamine
causesacetylcholinelevelstoincreasebyblockingthesubstance
thatisresponsibleforbreakingitdown.SinceGalantamineisinyour
systemforuptofortyeighthoursitisreasonabletobelievethatyour
acetylcholinelevelsarehigherthannormalforthisperiodoftime.
Higherthannormalacetylcholinelevelsleadtoshortterm
desensitization.Piracetamsfunctionisnottobreakdown
acetylcholinelikeacetylcholinesterasedoes(recallthatGalantamine
inhibitsacetylcholinesterase),butinsteaditisthoughttousethe
acetylcholinetohelpformandmaintainmemories.Byusingupthe
extraacetylcholinethatGalantamineproduces,Piracetamhelps
maintainlowerlevelsofacetylcholinethanwouldbemaintained
under
the
influence
of
Galantamine
alone.
The
Piracetam/Galantaminecombinationresultsinamorenormallevelof
acetylcholineinthebrainandthereforethereislessofachancefor
desensitizationtooccur.Withlessdesensitization,Galantaminecan
betakenmoreoften.
AsIstatedinchapter10however,Piracetamseemsto
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effectivelycounteractGalantaminespotentialtotriggeralucid
dream.ThislastpointistakensolelyfrommyownexperiencebutI
have,onnumerousoccasions,triedtousePiracetamorthe
Piracetam/Galantaminecombinationtoinducealuciddreamwithno
success.Furthermoreitseemsasthoughmydreamrecallis
particularlybadifIhavesignificantamountsofPiracetaminmy
systemandsoforthisreasonIrecommendmakingsurethat
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Piracetamisclearedoutofyoursystembeforeattemptingthenext
luciddream.
Thereareafewkeypointstounderstandinordertounderstand
howtousePiracetamtocombatdesensitization.
1.AlthoughPiracetamisknowntobeextremelysafeevenat
verylargedoses,itisimportanttorampdownadosewhen
usingitifyouplantotakemorethan3000mginasingleday.
OneofPiracetamsfunctionsistoincreasebloodflowtothe
brain.Thisincreasedbloodproducessomeofthebenefitsof
usingPiracetambutcanleadtoaheadacheifthePiracetam
suddenlywearsoffandthebloodflowbecomesmore
constricted.Thiscanbecompletelyavoidedifyouspreadout
thedoseofPiracetamthroughouttheday.
2.Piracetamhasarelativelylonghalflifeatfivehours.This
requiresabout36hourstocompletelyclearoutofthesystem.
3.TherecommendeddailydoseofPiracetamis24004800mg.
Thisdoserangehasbeenshownclinicallytohavethe
optimumeffectonmemoryenhancement.Piracetamusually
comesin800mgcapsulesso36capsulesperdayare
recommended.
4.Piracetamshouldbetakenimmediatelyfollowingalucid
dreamattempt.ThisisthetimewhenAChlevelsareattheir
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peakandthereforethemostcriticaltimetocounter
desensitization.Irecommendtaking2400mgofPiracetamas
soonasyouwakeupfromanattempt.Ihaveexperimented
with2400mg/dayand4800mg/day.Bothdoselevelsseem
equallyeffectiveandthereforeIfavorasingledosejustafter
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awakening.Ifyouplanontakingahigherdoseyoucanadd
800mgapproximatelyeveryfivehours.Thisapproachwill
allowbloodconcentrationstograduallydecrease,avoidinga
possibleheadache.
Thefollowinggraphshowstheoverlapofa4800mgdoseof
PiracetamwithasingledoseofGalantamine.ThePiracetamis
spreadthroughoutthedaywith2400mgtakenuponawakeningand
then800mgtakeneveryfivehoursthereafter.Noticethattheoverall
concentrationofPiracetamisgraduallybeingreducedintheblood
streamandthatbothsupplementsarecompletelyclearedoutofthe
bodyafter48hours.
OverlapofPiracetamdosewiththatofGalantamine.IntheabovegraphGalantaminewas
takenat3AM,2400mgofPiracetamwastakingat8AM,800mgofPiracetamwastakeneach
at1PM,6PMand11PM.
Donttakethesamecombinationtwiceinarow(i.e.alternate
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betweenseveralsuccessfulcombinations).Ifyoutaketheexact
samecombinationofsupplementseverytimeyoutrytohavealucid
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dreamyourbodystartstogetusetoit.Thisisaformoftolerance.
Themindmaybecometoolackadaisicalandaftersometimeyou
maynoticetheeffectivenessstartingtowane,especiallyifyouare
makingattemptsmorethantwiceaweek.ThebestmethodIhave
foundtokeepthingsfreshistomixitupabit.Iregularlyuse
Galantamine/Cholineastheprimarytriggercombinationhowever,on
onenightImightaddsomeMucunaPruriensandthenonthenext
attemptImayaddsomeYohimbine,maybeafterthatItry
Galantamine/CholinebyitselforwithalittleGPC.Thepointisthat
mybodyneverquiteknowswhatIamgoingtothrowatitandthis
keepsthingsfresh.IalsokeepdetailedrecordsofeachattemptsoI
cangobackandseewhatcombinationsregularlyproducethemost
astoundingresults.Bymixingthingsup,thebodyneverreallyadapts
andmyluciddreamsremainextremelystrong.
Keepyourexpectationshigh.Dontunderestimatethepowerof
yourmind.IrememberthefirstveryhighlevelluciddreamIhad.
Therewerenosupplementsinvolved.Ihadmaybetwodozenlowto
mediumlevelluciddreamexperiencesthatwerespreadoutover
severalyearsoftrying.OnthisparticularnightItookthetrashoutside
andlookedupatthesky.Theskywasclearandtheairwascrisp.I
couldseeSaturnandJupiterdefiningtheeclipticthatledtoamoon
thatwasabout90%full.InaninstantIwaspositivethatIwasgoing
tohavealuciddreamthatnight.Mycertaintyisdifficulttoexplainbut
itwasbothsincereandtotal.WhenIlaiddownthatnightIfeltatease
andrelaxed.Myluciddreamthatnightwasimmenselyprofound,long
andmarkedbyexcellentdreammanipulationskills.AfterthatnightI
triedtorecapturethatcertaintyonmanyoccasionsbutIonly
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sincerelyfeltiteverysooften.EachtimeIdidfeelithowever,I
succeededinhavingaluciddream.Nowwithsupplements,things
aremucheasierbuttheroleofthemindshouldnotbeneglected.
Youneedtowantit,notjustalittlebit,butwitheverythingyouhave,
asthoughyourownfuturedependedonbecominglucidthat
particularnight.Morethanwantingit,youneedtoexpectittobe
sureofittonotsettleforanythingless.Whenyourehavinghigh
levelluciddreamsmultipletimesperweek,therewillbethosetimes
thatyourheartjustisntinit.Youmaybetired,oryoumaynothave
plannedoutanythingspecial,oryourmindmayjustbepreoccupied
withsomethingelse.Inthesecases,doyourselfafavorandtakethe
nightoff.Keepyourmindfocusedonthegoalofbecominglucidand
yoursuccessratewillbemuchhigherthanifyoujustwakeupat4
AMtotakeapillandthengobacktosleep.
Ifnecessarytakesometimeoff.Forwhateverreasonsometimes
thesupplementsjustdontwork.Thiscouldbefromtoleranceor
desensitizationormaybejustbeduetosomethinggoingoninyour
life.Whenthisoccursyoushouldtakeacoupleextradaysoffbefore
tryingagain.Twoextradaysseemstodoaworldofgood.Duringthe
timeoff,focusonwhatitisyouwanttoachieveduringyournextlucid
dreamandletyourbodyjustsleepnaturally.SinceIoftenexperience
intenseaccelerationswhentransitioningintoadream,Iusethisasa
markerforeffectiveness.Iftheaccelerationsseemlessintensethan
usualIwillusuallytakeanextradayoffbeforetryingagain.The
sameistrueifmydreamrecallseemstobedroppingoff.Tomethis
isamuchbetterapproachthantowaituntilIdontsucceedinhaving
aluciddreamatall.Thereisnothingwrongwithtakingabreakfrom
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timetotime.Thiswillhelpkeepthequalityofthelucidexperiences
exceptionallyhigh.
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141
19
MultipleTriggerCombinations
Hopefullybynowyouhavedevelopedafirsthand
understandingofthepowertheGalantamine/Cholinecombination
hasastheprimaryluciddreamtrigger.Inthischapterwebuildupon
thatpowertoformfourincrediblyeffectivetriggercombinations.The
reasonthesecombinationsaresoeffectiveistheyincludemorethan
onetrigger.Whenmultipletriggersarecombined,thelikelihoodof
experiencingaluciddreamisincreased.Inaddition,dreamlength
andmentalclarityarebothpositivelyinfluenced.
InPart2,Iidentifiedfoursupplementsasluciddream
triggers:Galantamine,GPC,Nicotine,andYohimbine.Eachofthe
combinationsinthischapterincludestheprimarytriggercombination
(Galantamine/Choline)andaddsoneormoreoftheothertriggersin
ordertoenhancetheresult.
ThePrimaryTrigger:
Aswaspointedoutinchapter17,GalantamineandCholine
combinetoformtheprimaryluciddreamtrigger.Ihaveincludedit
hereforeasyreferenceandcomparisontothemultipletrigger
combinations.Eachtriggerdescriptionincludesasummarytableand
concentrationchart.Thesummarytablehighlightsthesupplements
used,theeffectivedoserange(includingthedoseItypicallyuse),
andthebesttimetotakethesupplements.
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Theconcentrationcurvesgiveavisualrepresentationofhow
thesupplementsworktogetheronatimebasisandshowthewindow
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ofopportunityforexperiencingaluciddream.Theconcentration
curvefortheprimarytriggershowsthatCholineplaysasignificant
roleinthefirsthourandthendropsoffquickly.Itworkssynergistically
withGalantaminetoquicklybuildupAChlevelsthatimproveyour
oddsofbecominglucid.
ConcentrationCurveforthePrimaryTriggerCombination(Galantamine+Choline)
TheExtendedPlayTrigger:
ThiscombinationaddsGPCtotheprimarytrigger.SinceGPC
efficientlycrossesthebloodbrainbarrierandtakesthreehoursto
reachpeakplasmalevels,itpicksupwhereCholineleavesoff:
Acetylcholineconcentrationsrisetoahigherlevelandstayelevated
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foralongerperiodoftime.Thiscanresultinextremelylonglucid
dreams.Twohoursormoreisnotuncommon.Furthermore,this
combinationisverywelltoleratedattheeffectivedoselevelandI
haveneverexperiencednegativesideeffectswhenusingit.Youcan
expectastrongtransitionandpossiblyhearingmusicduringthe
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courseofthedream.Ifthemusicistooloud,reducethedoseofthe
GPCforthenextattempt.
ConcentrationCurvefortheExtendedPlayTriggerCombination(Galantamine+Choline+
GPC)
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TheSoundtrackTrigger:
ThiscombinationaddsNicotine(viaapatch)totheprimary
trigger.AlthoughNicotinehasanumberofnegativecharacteristics,
whencombinedwithGalantamineitcanproducephenomenallucid
dreams.Extremelystrongtransitionsarepossibleandexpectavivid
memoryofthedream.Someofmyfavoriteluciddreamsdeveloped
fromthiscombination.Inadditiontovisualandtactilevividness,
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thesedreamscanbecharacterizedashavingaheightenedauditory
sense.OnmanyoccasionsIhaveexperiencedasoundtracktomy
dreamsthatcanbedescribedaswonderfulandoriginal.Tosome
degree,IhavealsoexperiencedthisphenomenausingGPC,butwith
Nicotinethemusicseemstobettermatchmymoodandthedream
plot.Negativesideeffectscanbeavoidedifalowdosepatchis
placedonafterfourorfivehoursofsleepandimmediatelyremoved
uponawakening.DuetotheshorttermdesensitizationthatNicotine
causeshowever,Itypicallytakeafullsevendaysofffrom
supplementsafterusingthiscombination.
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ConcentrationCurvefortheSoundtrackTriggerCombination(Galantamine+Choline+
Nicotine)
ThePowerofReasonTrigger:
ThiscombinationaddsYohimbinetotheprimarytrigger.
WhenYohimbineisusedcorrectlyitcanproduceextremelyhigh
levelluciddreams.Wheresomeoftheothercombinationsmay
increasedreamlength,Yohimbinecanincreasetheabilitytothink
whilewithinadream.Advancedluciddreaminginvolvesmorethan
justhavingaluciddreamitinvolvesmovingthroughthedreamwith
aclearmindsothatyoucanconsciouslygodeeperintothe
experience.Extremelysmalldosesareallthatarerequiredinfact,
smalldosesaretheoptimum.Therightdosewillbeonethatdoes
notsignificantlyincreasethetimeittakestofalltosleep.Toolargeof
dosewillextendthetimeittakestofalltosleepbeyondtheoptimum
timeoftheothersupplements.Thiscombinationcancauseextremely
strongtransitions.
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ConcentrationCurveforthePowerofReasonTriggerCombination(Galantamine+Choline+
Yohimbine)
TheTrifectaTrigger:
ThiscombinationaddsbothGPCandYohimbinetothe
primarytrigger.ItistheonlytripletriggercombinationIhave
included.Transitionsareintensesobeprepared.Asistrueforany
combinationthatleadstolonglucidexperiences,youmaywantto
consciouslybringyourselfoutofthedreamfromtimetotimeand
thengobackin.Thiswillhelptoremembermoreofthedetailsofthe
entiredream.
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ConcentrationCurvefortheTrifectaTriggerCombination
(Galantamine+Choline+Yohimbine+GPC)
HowtousetheMultipleTriggerCombinations:
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Theprocedureoutlinedonpage127givesagoodoutlineof
basicstepsusedtoinduceluciddreams.Part4ImprovingYour
Oddsgoesintothemoredetailandincludesmanyusefultipsand
techniques.IfyouarenotusingPiracetamimmediatelyfollowingyour
attempts,youshouldtakeatleastfournightsoffbetweentries.You
mayfindyourneedfive,six,orevensevennightsoffinordertoget
consistentresults.IfyouuseNicotine,Irecommendyouwaitafull
sevendaysbeforemakinganotherattempt.IfyouusePiracetam,
rememberthatitisveryimportanttotakethefirstdoseimmediately
afterawakeningfromanattempt.WhenusingPiracetam,youshould
takeatleastonenightoffbetweenattemptsandyoumayfindthat
twooreventhreenightsoffarerequiredforconsistentresults.
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20
SupportingSupplements
ThischaptersummarizeshowtouseMucunaPruriens,
Piracetam,5HTP,andMelatonintosupportandenhancelucid
dreaming.
IncreasingDreamControl:MucunaPruriens
Whenusedcorrectly,MucunaPrurienscanhaveastrong
effectonluciddreams.Itdoessobyincreasingdopaminelevelsin
thebrainwhichleadstoastateofincreasedconfidence,motivation,
andanalmosttotallackoffearfromwithinthedreamstate.Withthis
emotionalboost,practicallyanythingispossible.Previously,I
mentionedthepositiveeffectsMucunaPrurienshasonflyingand
changingthedreamscape,butitseffectsgofurtherthanthat.Ihave
walkedintoaragingfireandabsorbedtheenergyoftheflames,
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createdathunderstormandguidedlightningboltsintomyhands,
stoodonthetracksasaspeedingtrainpassedrightthroughme,and
climbedamountaintothesummit,thenjustcasuallysteppedoffthe
edge,andmuchmore.MucunaPrurienscancreateatrueadventure
inyourluciddreams.Thatbeingsaid,Mucunacanbealittletrickyto
use.LargedosesofMucuna(100mgormoreofLdopa)takenwitha
triggerwillreduceyouroddsofbecominglucid(althoughyouwill
mostlikelyexperienceextremelyvividdreams).
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Smallerdoseswillgiveyouanedgebutmaynothaveasbig
asimpactoncontrolasthelargerdosesdo.Oneprovensolutionisto
takeMucunaanhourorsopriortotakingthetrigger.
MucunaPrurienscanbeaddedtoanyofthetrigger
combinationslistedpreviously.IfyouaregoingtotaketheMucuna
simultaneouslywiththetriggeryoushouldtakeadosethatcontains
lessthan100mgofLdopa(seechapter11).Ifyouwanttotrya
largerdose(100200mgLdopa),youshouldtakeitanhourorso
beforetakingthetrigger.Youcaneithersleeporstayawakeforthe
hourbetweendoses.Thefollowingtablesshowthetwomethodsof
combiningMucunaPrurienswiththeprimarytriggercombination.
CounteractingDesensitizationandTolerance:Piracetam
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Piracetamcanincreasethefrequencyyoucantake
supplementsandsucceedinhavingaluciddream.Without
Piracetam,oneortwonightsperweekareaboutthelimit.With
Piracetam,threeorfournightsperweekarepossible.Evenwith
Piracetamhowever,youmayhavetotakeafewextradaysofffrom
everysooften.Itsbesttokeepyourdreamscheduleflexible.For
example,Imighthavethreeorfournightsofluciddreaminginone
particularweek.IfInoticethatmytransitionsarebecomingweaker
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asthedaysgoby,IknowthatIamapproachingadryspell.Inorder
togetbacktowhereIstartedIwillgenerallytakeafewextranights
offbeforemakinganotherattempt.Youwillneedtouseyourown
judgmentastowhatworksbestforyou.
ThedetailsofusingPiracetamweredescribedearlier(See
chapter18),butrememberthatforPiracetamtobemosteffective,
youshouldtakeadoseimmediatelyafterwakingupfromeach
attempt.ThisallowsPiracetamtocounterAChlevelswhentheyare
attheirhighestandthereforekeepsdesensitizationtoaminimum.
ImprovingQualityofSleep:5HTP
5HTPcanbeusedasameansofsuppressingREMsleepin
thefirsthalfofthenight.ThisallowsyoutohavelongernaturalREM
periodsduringthetimethatyouareattemptingaluciddream.Italso
helpsbalanceyoursleep.Thisisespeciallyimportantifyouare
attemptingtohavemultiplenightsperweekofsupplementinduced
luciddreaming.Thetriggerscanoftenleaveyoufeelingfatiguedthe
nextday,evenwhentheyaretakenafter4or5hoursofsleep.When
thetriggersareprecededby5HTP,youroverallsleepisofahigher
qualityandyoufeelmuchmorerefresheduponawakening.
Thefollowingtableandconcentrationchartshowhow5HTP
isusedinaccordancewiththeprimarytriggercombination.The
optimumdoseof5HTPwillbetheonethatresultsinthemostvivid
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dreamsafterfourorfivehoursofsleep.5HTPcanprecedeanyof
thetriggercombinations.
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CounteractingInsomnia:Melatonin
Ifyoufindthatyouhavetroublefallingbacktosleepafter
takinganyoneofthetriggercombinations,youmayconsideradding
alittleMelatonintothemix.ThetestingIdidshowedthatasmallof
doseofMelatonin(<0.5mg)couldcutthetimetofallbacktosleepin
halfandstillmaintainhighoddsofhavingasuccessfulluciddream.
Largerdoseshelpmefalltosleepfaster,butgenerallyreducedmy
oddsofsuccess.Theidealtimetofalltosleepaftertakingthetrigger
supplementsis4060minutes.Thisisthetimethatmostofthe
triggersarereachingtheirmaximumplasmalevelsandtendstobe
thetimethestrongesttransitionsoccur.Ifyoufindyouarestaying
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awakemuchlongerthanthisduringanattempt,thenMelatoninmay
actuallyincreaseyouroddsofsuccessbylettingyoufalltosleep
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closertotheoptimumtime.ThefollowingtableshowshowMelatonin
canbeusedinaccordancewiththeprimarytriggercombination.
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Page159
Part4:
ImprovingYourOdds
NowIwilldiscussseveralstrategiesthatyoucanuseto
greatlyimproveyouroddsofbecominglucid,lengthenthetimespent
inthelucidstate,andincreasethecontrolyouhaveoverthedream.
Someofthesepracticeshavebeenknowntoluciddreamersforover
ageneration,otherswereadaptedfrommyqigongpractice,anda
fewweredevelopedbymoreorlesshitandmissexperimentation
tacticsduringmyownluciddreamdevelopment.
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21
DaytimePractice
Thefirstfacttheluciddreamerisforcedtoacceptisthatthe
dreamworldiseverybitasdetailedandrealasthephysicalworld.
Oncethisisrealized,onesooncomestorealizethesecondfactthe
physicalworldiseverybitassubjectiveandinsubstantialasthe
dreamworld.Thesetworealizationscannotbefullyintellectualized
andmustbeexperiencedfirsthandinordertograsptheprofound
natureofluciddreamingandalsoofbeingphysicallyawake.
InmyluciddreamexperiencesIhavefoundtherearetwo
primarytypesofdreamcharacters:theignorantandthealive.The
ignorantcharactersaremoreorlessmindless,justplayingouttheir
roleinthedreamandhavingnoabilitytoactuallythink.Their
ignorancebecomesfullyapparentwhenyou,inafullylucidstate,
attempttohaveaconversationwiththem.Askthemaquestionthat
requiresthoughtorselfreflectionandtheyaredumbfounded.Even
thesimplestquestionslike,Whatareyouthinkingabout?,Tellme
aboutyourself.,orWhatisyourname?willyieldamindlessand
emptyresponse.
Thereishoweveratotallydifferenttypeofcharacter.They
tendtobefullyanimatedandcanexpresstheirownopinionsthat
mayberemarkablydifferentfromyourown.Theyhavetheabilityto
adaptandtothinkontheirfeetandcansometimesevenoutsmart
youinagameofwits.
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155
DaytimePractice
Whenweareinadreambutarenotlucid,weresemblethe
firsttypeofcharacter,theignorant.Wereunawareofwhatwere
doingwejustdoit.Wedontthinkwedontrecognizethethingswe
shouldwearejustactingoutapartinaplayweknownothingabout.
Whenwearepresentinthedreaminfulllucidityontheotherhand,
weresemblethesecondtypeofcharacter.Wearealiveandknow
thesituation.Wecanleadandtakecontrolofthesituation.Wehave
transformedourselvesfrompuredeterminists,whotakenoreal
responsibility,intoexamplesoffreewillbyactivelyguidingthe
situationandthereforeourlives.
Afterthisisfullyexperiencedandrealizedinthedreamstate
onemaystarttonoticeasimilarcharacterizationinthephysical
state.Considerthetimeswefollowthroughwithourdailyactivitiesin
amechanicalmanner,blindlygoingaboutsomeactivityforwhatever
reason.Rememberthatthegoalistobecomelucid,notjustinthe
dreamstatebutalsointhephysicalstateandalsorememberthat
maintaininglucidityinonestatehelpsinachievinglucidityintheother
state.Oneshouldstrivetobealiveandlucidineveryinstantinthe
physicalaswellasinthedream.
OftenwhenIfirstenteraluciddreamInoticethatalthoughI
amwalkingabout,myvisionisquitehazyandblurred.Ihavelearned
thatbypayingverycloseattentiontothedetailssurroundingmeand
bylookingintothingsinsteadofjustlookingatthem,myvision
suddenlysnapsintoclearandvividfocus.Thesameprinciplecanbe
appliedduringwakinglife.Lucidityisnotaspecialtypeofdream
phenomenaitisaspecialtypeoflifephenomena.
Inadditiontoconstantlystrivingforlucidityoneshould
constantlybeconsideringwhethertheyarecurrentlyinthedream
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stateorthephysicalstate.Itisnotagiventhatyouareawakeandin
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thephysicalstateatanygivenmoment.Thedreamworldcanbe
everybitasmundaneasthephysicalandthephysicalworldcanbe
everybitasexcitingasthedream.Bothworldscancomewith
exquisitedetailandbeautyorperhapsblandnessandugliness.The
trueluciddreamerknowsthatthetwoworldscannotbeeasily
distinguishedwithjustaglanceorpassingthought.Youmaythink
youaredefinitelyawake,butletmeassureyouthattherearemany
timesthatyouareabsolutelypositiveyouawakebutinsteadarefully
engagedinadream.Simpletestscanbedonetohelpyou
distinguishthedifferenceandyoushouldgetintothehabitof
carryingoutthesetestsonafrequentbasis.
Itisafalseassumptionthatthedreamworldhasnorules.Infact,
notonlydorulesexistbutthetwoworldshavemuchincommon.For
example,therearenonewcolorsinthedreamworldinfactthere
arenonewsensationsofanykindinthedreamworld.Gravitydoes
existinthedreamworlditisjustthatyouhavetheabilityto
manipulateit.Paincanexistinthedreamworldaswellboth
emotionalandphysical.Solidsubstancesexistinthedreamworldit
isjustthatyouhavetheabilitytotranscendthem.Theonlytwo
significantdifferencesarethat:
1.Itiseasiertomanipulateyoursurroundingsinthedream
world.
2.Formostofusthephysicalworldismorebasedonrepeating
cyclesthanthedreamworld.Yesterdaymaynotbethat
differentfromtoday(Igotup,tookashower,drovetowork,
atelunch,drovehome,playedwiththekids,atedinner,then
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wenttobed).Thedreamworldhowever,seemstobemoreor
lessfreefromcycles.Everyexperienceisanewanddifferent
setofcircumstances.
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Itiswisetokeepthesethingsinmindasyoumovethroughthe
physicalandintothedreamandthenbacktothephysical.
Continuallytestyourstate.Doesthisplacelookfamiliar?AmI
supposedtobehere?WhatwasIdoingtenminutesago?Ifthereis
anyhintthatsomethingisntquiteasyouwouldexpect,tryhovering
offthegroundalittlebit,orchangingthecolorofthegrass,or
walkingthroughawall,oranythingelseuntilyouareabsolutely
convincedthatyouknowwhichstateyouarein:thephysicalorthe
dream.Continualpracticeofthiswillspilloverintothedreamandis
remarkablyeffectiveatwakingyouupwithinthedream.
Therealfirststepinadvancedluciddreamingistosetyour
intentiontobecomefullylucidinbothstatesandtocontinuallyprove
toyourselfwhichstateyouinatanygiventime.
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22
PreparationandTransitioning
IfyouchoosetotrysomeofthetechniquesIpresentedinthis
bookyouwillundoubtedlyfindtherearesomeverysubtlefactorsthat
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ultimatelydeterminewhetherornotyouaresuccessful.Thischapter
summarizeswhatIhavelearnedthroughcountlessluciddream
attempts(bothsuccessfulandunsuccessful)astowhathasthe
biggestimpactofactuallymakingitinandachievingasuccessful
WILD.
1.Createapeacefulenvironment.
Sleeptimeshouldbepeacefulandfreeofdistractions.
Whenyouareontheedgethatseparateswakefulnessfrom
theluciddreamthelastthingyouneedistohavesomething
fromtheexternalworldgrabyourattention.Noisecanbebig
factor.Atfourinthemorningthequietestsoundcancapture
yourmindandbecomeanannoyingnuisance.Youmaywant
towearearplugswhenattemptingtohavealuciddreamor
perhapsevenamaskoveryoureyes.Themoreyoucan
isolateyourselffromyourexternalsensesthebetteryour
chancesofquicklyenteringthedream.
2.Dontsacrificeyourqualityofsleep.
Ihaveseenithappen.Peoplecangettoocarried
awaywithluciddreamingobsessedwithit.Itsnew,itscool,
anditmayholdthekeytomanysecretslockedawaywithin
thesubconscious,butitisnotworthsacrificingyourhealth.
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Withoutgoodhealth,youhavenothing.Poorsleepusually
carrieswithitanumberoframifications.Youmaynotbethe
besthusbandorwifethatyoucould,orthebestfatheror
mother,orthebestemployee,orthebestanything.Itmay
takeatollonyourhappiness,peaceofmind,andonthe
strengthofyourimmunesystem.Dontgodownthatpath.Itis
possibletohavefrequenthighlevelluciddreamsandstill
maintainabalancedsleepschedule.Ifirmlybelieveeveryone
shouldtakeatleastonenightoffbetweenluciddream
attempts.Notonlydoesthisallowyoutofullydigestyourlast
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luciddreamandproperlyprepareforthenextone,butby
takinganightoffyouallowyourbodycatchuponwhatever
sleepitneeds.
3.Wakingupjusttherightamount.
Inmyownpractice,Ihavefocusedondevelopingthe
abilitytoconsistentlyachieveWILDs.Thetriggersdescribed
inthisbookalsoincreasetheoddsofachievingDILDsand
dependingonwhetheryouaregoingforaWILDoraDILD
willinfluencewhatyoudojustafteryoutakethesupplements.
IfyoufavorDILDs,yourgoalwillbetoavoidinsomniaby
fallingbacktosleepsoonaftertakingthesupplements.You
shouldwakeup,gotothetoilet,takethesupplements,lie
backdown,andrelax.Thelesstimeyoureup,thebetterthe
oddsoffallingquicklybacktosleep.Avoidturningonbright
lights.Avoidclimbingupordownstairsandanyotheractivity
thatmightincreaseyourheartrate.Someofthese
supplementsstarttoworkfastandthelongeryoureawake,
themoredifficultitwillbetofallbacktosleep.Purposely
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avoidbecomingtooalertandlearntostayinarelaxedstate.
Thesearethekeystoquicklygettingbacktosleep.
WILDsrequireadifferentapproach.Youshould
neitherwakeuptoomuchnorfalltosleeptooearly.Fallto
sleeptooearlyandthesupplementswontbeworking
adequatelytoassistyouwiththetransition.Wakeuptoo
muchandyoucouldenduplyinginbedforhourswith
insomnia.Fallingtosleep4060minutesaftertakingthe
supplementsisideal.ItiswithinthistimeframeIfindthe
transitionstobethemostvibrantandthedurationoflucid
dreamstobethelongest.Myapproachistowakeup,goto
thetoilet,takethesupplementsandliebackdown.Justasin
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thecaseoftheDILD,Itrytonottobecometooalertandhope
tomaintainafeelingofdrowsiness.Istayrelaxed,butinstead
ofhopingtofallquicklybacktosleep,Igentlyremindmyself
ofwhatmydreamgoalsare.Justpriortonoddingoff,I
slightlyopenmyeyesjustenoughtoletsomeambientlight
entermyfieldofvision.Theopeningofmyeyesissoslight
thatanobserverwouldlikelynotnoticeitatall.Ithenrelax
andletmyeyesnaturallycloseandrelax.Irepeatthisonceor
twicemore.EachtimeIgetclosetolosingconsciousnessI
crackopenmyeyesforonlyaninstant.Bythistimefivetoten
minuteshavepassedsincetakingthesupplements.Ithen
casuallyandsleepilypracticeanexerciseIcallarmsand
legsqigongfollowedbyseededvisualizations.Bothof
theseexercisesaredescribedbelow.DuringtheseexercisesI
continuetocrackmyeyesopenanytimeIfeelIamaboutto
falltosleep.WiththisapproachIcanstayrightontheborder
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thatseparateswakefulnessfromsleepuntilatransition
occurs.
4.Quietingthemind.
Thebiggestinfluencethatkeepsyoufromfallingback
tosleepafteryouhavetakenasupplementisthatannoying
littlevoiceinyourheadthatjustwontseemtoshutup.Right
afteryouliebackdownitisagoodideatospendfiveorten
minutesgoingoverwhatitisthatyouwanttoaccomplishin
thedream,butafterthatyouneedtoturnoffthevoice.This
canbeabittricky.Youmightfindyourselfwonderingwhat
timeitis,orwonderingifthesupplementsarestartingtowork,
orcomplainingaboutyourbodyposition,orwhatever.The
factisthatthelongeryoutalktoyourself,thelongeryouare
goingtostayawake.Sinceyourmindisawakeitwantstobe
active,andthinkinginwordsseemstobeitsfirstchoiceof
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activity.Youwillneedtolearnhowtoquietthemind.The
easiestwayistoletyourmindgetcaughtupinsomeother,
nonverbalactivityliketactileorvisualexercises.Buteven
thenthevoicewillcomethroughagainandagainandtryto
winoveryourattention.Ignoreitandletitgo.Thebiggest
mistakeyoucanmakeistogetfrustrated.Calmnessand
patiencearewordstolivebyinthissituation.Simplygoback
tothetactileorvisualexercisethatyouweredoinganddont
giveitanotherthought.
5.Loosingthebody(Armsandlegsqigong).
Anexcellentwaytoquietthemindandprepareforthe
transitionfromthephysicalstatetotheluciddreamstateisto
dotactileexercise.Tactileexercisesareonesthatinvolve
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imaginingthesensationofmotion.Theyareanalogousto
visualizationsexceptthattheymakeuseofthesenseoftouch
insteadofthesenseofsight.Rememberthatabout90%of
myluciddreamsusingsupplementsinvolvemegettingup
andwalkingawayfrommyphysicalbodyfullyintegrated
withinadreambody.Byusingtactileexercises,youare
preparingthemindforthistypeoftransition.Ihavetriedmany
typesoftactileexercises:walking,running,climbing,spinning,
floating,etcbuttheonesthatworkbestformearetheones
inwhichIimaginepartofmydreambodyslippingoutofmy
physicalbodyandthenslippingbackinandthenrepeating
thisoverandoveragain.Myfavoriteoftheseexercisesisone
inwhichIimagineeithermyarmsorlegs(orboth)floating
downwardoneachexhaleandthenrisinguponeachinhale.
Forexample,asIexhaleabreath,Ifeelmylegsbendatthe
kneeforcingmyimaginaryfeetandcalvestorotatedownward
andleavemyphysicalbody.Bytheendoftheexhalemy
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imaginarykneehasrotatedafullninetydegreessuchthatmy
imaginaryfeetaredanglingbelowmybody.Ontheinhale,I
rotatemyimaginarykneeintheoppositedirectioninorderto
raisemyimaginarylegsbackup.BytheendoftheinhaleI
havebroughtmyimaginarylegsallthewayupandeven
slightlythroughmyphysicallegssothattheyaresuspended
abovemybody.IkeeprepeatingthisoverandoveragainasI
liethere.Anothervariantistovisualizemyarmsbendingat
theshoulderinasimilarmannerortodobothmyarmsand
legstogether.Iusuallylieonmybackwhiledoingthis
exerciseanddoitforabout1020minutes.AfterthatIroll
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overontomyrightsideanddoseededvisualization
exercisesuntilthedreamstarts.
6.Initiating(butnotforcing)visualization(Seededvisualizations)
AtthispointIamveryclosetosleepandthe
supplementsarestartingtowork.Nowitstimetotrytoget
thedreamstarted.Activevisualizationdoesnotworkforme
becausethefocusittakestoactivelyvisualizesomething
endsupkeepingmeawake.Purelypassivevisualization
doesntworkverywelleither,becausesometimestheimages
dontcomeandIenduphearingmythoughtsinstead.What
worksbestiswhatIcallseededvisualizations.Aseeded
visualizationisonethatIactivelystartbutthenimmediately
letgoandpassivelyletitdeveloponitsown.Insteadof
activelytryingtokeepavisualizationgoing,Ijustkeepon
droppingseedsuntiltheytakeoffontheirown.Thistechnique
isveryeffective.Imightvisualizeaplace,anobject,ora
personjustlongenoughtoreallyseetheimageandthenIlet
go.Ifnothinghappensafteralittlewhile,Idoitagainand
againandsoon.Theseflashesofvisualizationtendtomake
otherflashesstarttohappenthatgraduallygetlongerin
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duration.ItgetstothepointthatIdropaseedandendup
almostenteringadreambutthencomeout.ThenIseed
anotheroneandalmostenteradreambutthencomeout.
ThenIseedanotheroneandbeforeyouknowitIamcaught
upinatransitionfromthephysicalstateintotheluciddream
state.
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7.Patience
ThemethodthatIhavedescribeddefinitelyrequires
patience.Alwaysremaincalmandrelaxed.Dontallow
yourselftogetanxiousevenifyouhavebeenlyingawakefar
toolong.Justrelax.Thedreamswillcome.Assoonasyour
patiencewearsthin,youwillundoubtedlystarttalkingto
yourselfandcomplaining.Thiswillfurtherreduceyour
chancesofsuccess.Justliethereandrelaxandthedreams
willcome.
8.Transitioning
Transitioningreferstotheexperienceofmovingfrom
thephysicalstateintothedreamstatewithacontinuous,
unbrokenthreadofconsciousness.Whenyouexperiencea
transition,youdonotloseyouridentitynordoyouloseyour
memorynordoyoulosetrainofthought:notevenforasplit
second.Itisacontinuumofconsciousness.Transitioning
fromthephysicalstateintothedreamstateisoneofthemost
profoundexperiencessomeonecanachieve.Themethodsin
thisbookleadtoWILDs.Wakeinducedluciddreamsinclude
aconscioustransitionfromthephysicalstateintothedream
state.ThistypeoftransitioniswhattheTibetandreamyogis
strivefor.Itisoftenreferredtoasanoutofbodyexperience,
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anastraljourneyorperhapsaspiritquest.Althoughthe
experienceofthistypeoftransitionisidenticalforallofthese
systems,thebeliefstructuresthatsupportitcanbevery
differentfromoneanother.Luciddreamersbelieveitisa
transitionintoadream.Onceinsidethedreamyoucanbetter
tapintothesubconsciousthatmayholdmanyyettobe
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discoveredsecrets.TheTibetansbelievethatthetransitionis
arehearsalfordeathsothatonecanlearntomaintain
awarenessafterthephysicallifeceaseswiththehopeof
breakingtheendlesscycleofreincarnation.Theoutofbody
believersperceiveittobeonebodyleavinganotherthe
astralbodybeingofafinertypeofenergywhichhasthe
abilitytowalkthephysicalearthorentertheastralplanes.
Thespiritquestpractitionersbelieveittobeajourneyfor
knowledgeorhealingpurposes,oneinwhichyoumay
encounterancientancestorsorgreatteachersthatpossess
metaphysicabilities.Maybeoneofthemright,maybenoneof
themareright,ormaybeallofthemareright.Idoknowthat
theexperiencewillchangeyourlifeforeverandthatitisatthe
fingertipsofeverybodywhofollowsthemethodsinthisbook.
Althoughtheexperiencecanneverbefully
intellectualized,Ihavelearnedafewtricksofthetradethat
mayassistyou.Thissectionsummarizesthemethodthat
consistentlyworksforme.
i.
Learntorecognizewhenatransitionisaboutto
occur:
Thereareseveralsignsyouwillrecognizeasyou
getmorepractice.Thefirstsignisthatdreamimagery
getsstrongerandlengthier.Whenyouarecontinually
seedingyourvisualization,therecomesapointwhere
theystarttotakeoff.Youarealmostdrawnintothe
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dreambutthenyoucomeout,thenalmostinagain,
andthenout.Thesecondsignisthatyoumay
experienceintensevibrationsorasensationofsudden
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acceleration.Bothoftheseexperiencescanbe
overwhelming,especiallyifyoureanovice.Theycan
lastforaminuteormorewhichmayseemlikean
eternity.Myadviceistosimplyenjoytheride.Donttry
tomove.Dontgetscaredorpanicky.Justliethere
andtrytorelax.
ii.
Relax:
Ifyouarenewtothesensationsoftransitioning,
theideaofbeingabletorelaxmayseemalittle
comicalor,attheveryleast,impractical.Howeverif
yougettootense,orstarttopanic,ortrytomove,the
sensationswilljustsuddenlystopandyouwillbelying
inyourbedupsetthatyoumissedagreatopportunity.
Henceyoureallyneedtolearntorelaxduringthe
experience.Hereareafewguidelinesthatmighthelp:
Dontstarttakingtoyourself.Sayingthingslike,
OhmyGod,orHoly$*&@,orevenStaycalm,
isntgoingtohelpyoumakeitintothedreamstate.
Yourbreathingshouldbesmoothandsteady,but
trynottofocusonit.Justdoacausalandpassing
checktomakesureyourbreathingiscalm.
Focusonthesensationsandsoakinthe
experience.Toputitanotherway:Enjoyit.
iii.
Feelthenaturalsensationfirst:
Astheexperienceisendingyoumayfeellikeparts
ofyourbodyarefloating.Itisverycommonformeto
feelasifmylegsarestartingtofloatupwardstowards
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theceiling.SometimesIalsofeelasthoughmyentire
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bodyisstartingtorolloverorperhapsonearmis
slowlyrising.Thefeelingisveryauthentic.Thefloating
isgentleasthoughgravityhasjuststoppedaffecting
partofthebody.Thepartofthebodythatisdoingthe
floatingalsofeelstotallyauthentic.Ifyourlegsfeelas
thoughtheyarerisingtowardtheceiling,itisnotas
thoughanimaginarysetoflegsisrisingwhilethe
physicallegslieonthebed.Therearenottwosetsof
legsinthisexperience,onlyonesetexistandthatis
thesetdoingthefloating.Asfarasyourexperienceis
concerned,yourphysicallegsnolongerexist.
iv.
Leadthenaturalsensationaway:
Theinitialfloatingfeelingoccursnaturally.Itisnot
asthoughyoutriedtoimagineit.Itjusthappens.Dont
bringyourattentionbacktophysicalbody.For
example,ifyoufeelyourlegsfloatingup,dontbring
yourattentiondowntothebedwhereyourlegsare
supposedtobeinanefforttoseewhetherornot
yourreallegsarefloating.Doingthiswillmostlikely
endtheexperienceandyouwouldhavemisseda
greatopportunity.Insteadleadyourlegsfurtheraway
inthesamedirectionthattheyfeelliketheyregoing.
Hereiswherethearmsandlegsqigongexercisepays
off.Whileyouwerepracticingthisyoufeltyourlegs
floatingdownontheexhaleandthenguidedthem
backupontheinhale.Nowintheexactsamemanner
asinthatexercise,keepguidingyourfloatinglegs
furtherandfurtherinthesamedirectiontheyare
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168
floatingin.Sincethelegsarenaturallyattachedtothe
restofthebody,astheymovefurtherawaytheyend
upcarryingtherestofyourbodywiththem(whereat
thispointyourbodyisyourdreambody).Itisreally
thateasy.Forexample,mylegsstarttofloatup
naturallyandIthenIcarrythemupwardsomyentire
bodyispulledupwardfollowingthem.ThenIguide
themdowntothefloorsothatIendupstandinginthe
middleoftheroom.Anotherexample,Ifeelmybody
naturallystarttorollandIcarrythemotionforwardso
thatIrollawayfromwhereIwassleepingandthen
standupinthemiddleoftheroom.
v.
Keepgoing:
Onceyoureout,keepgoing.Thetransitionis
usuallymostlyorpurelytactile.Thismeansyoufeelit
butyoudontseeorhearit.Onceyougetout,your
senseoftouchisvividandalivebutyourothersenses
needtobecleanedupabitbeforeyoucandomuch.
Sinceyoursenseoftouchisallyouarerelyingonat
hispoint,itisagoodideatokeepitgoingbystarting
towalkforward.Asyoudosoyoumaynoticeyour
visionstartingtoevolve.Mineisusuallyveryhazyand
blurryatthispoint.TherearetwoexercisesIdothat
havebeenverysuccessfulinsnappingmyvisioninto
vividfocus.Thefirstexerciseistolookverycloselyat
objectsandtrytoseethesmalldetails.Keepmoving
butkeeplookingatthingsandnoticethetinyfeatures
inthem.Theotherexerciseistojustjumpupand
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169
downabitwhileyouarelookingatwhateverisinfront
ofyou.Thiskeepsyoumovingbutnotmovingforward
sothatthesameobjectstaysinfrontofyouuntilit
finallysnapsintofocus.Itusuallytakesabout10to20
jumpsbeforemysightisclearandvivid.Atthispoint
youmaynoticethatyouarestandinginyourbedroom
andcanwalkaboutyourhouseatyourleisure.The
detailisincredibleandcanbetotallyconvincingthat
youreallyarewalkingaroundyourphysicalhouse.I
tendtobelieveitisadreamduplicateofthehouse.
ButIwillleaveitforyoutodecideforyourself.Iget
boredwalkingaroundadarkhouseat4AMsoI
usuallyventureoutside.OnceoutsideIeither
consciouslychangemylocationorithappens
spontaneouslyandtheluciddreamgoesonfrom
there.
Anotherformofthistypeofexit,thatisperhaps
easierforthenovicetosuccessfullycomplete,
involvesrotatingyourbody.Onceyoufeelpartofyour
bodystarttofloatinanydirection,guidethatpart
aroundinalargecircularmotionsoyourlegsare
pulledaroundtotheheadboardofthebed,continuing
backthefootboard,backtotheheadboardandsoon.
Whendonecorrectly,thiswillgenerateatotally
authenticsensationofrotation.Youdontneedtoturn
fast,justkeepthemotiongoingforaslongasyoucan.
Whenyoustopyouwillfindthatyouarefullywithin
thedream.
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23
BreakingDowntheWall
Thereisawallthatdividesthephysicalworldfromthedream
world.Thisdivisionisthefundamentalfeaturethatkeepsusallfrom
enteringtheluciddreamstatereadilyandeasily.Thedivisionis
mysterious,dauntingandhistoricallyhasonlybeencrossedbyafew
luckyortalentedpeople.Theinformationhereinopensupthis
experiencetopracticallyanyonewhoiswillingandabletotry,and
theexperienceallowsustoask,Whatisitthatcreatesthiswallin
thefirstplace?Onepopularansweristhatthiswalliscreatedbya
lossofconsciousnesswhenwegotosleepwesimplylose
consciousnessandtheegoceasestoexist.Ihaveseriousdoubts
aboutthistheory.Inmyviewitisnotconsciousnessthatfailsus,itis
ourmemory.Nomemoryresultsinalossofidentitybutnotlackof
consciousness.Basedonpersonalexperience,Idonotagreewith
eitherdreamtheorypresentedinthebeginningofthisbook.Ibelieve
wearecontinuallydreamingthroughoutthenight.Ibelieveour
consciousnessisalwayscontinuousduringeveryinstantofour
existence.Ibelieveitisourmemorythatbreaksdownduringsleep
leavinguswithalmostcompleteamnesia.Itisnocoincidencethat
thebestluciddreamtriggersarepowerfulmemoryboosters.Todays
dreamtheoriesarebasedonthepremisethatwhenpeopleare
awakenedfromdeepsleep,theydontremembertheirdreams.
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BreakingDowntheWall
171
Researchersextrapolatethistomeanthattheydontdream
duringdeepsleep,asiftheabilitytorememberandtheabilityto
experiencewerethesamething.TheTibetansbelieveitispossible
toholdontoconsciousnessduringdeepsleepandtoactually
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rememberitwhenyouwakeup.Ifwearetobecomethebestthatwe
canbecomewithourluciddreamdevelopment,wemustlearnhowto
breakdownthiswall.Ihavedevelopedanexercisethatisdesigned
todojustthat.
Mostpeoplerarelyremembertheirdreams.Nightafternight
weenteradreamworldfilledwithadventureandmystery,yet
morningaftermorningwehaveabsolutelynorecollectionofit.Most
luciddreamenthusiastskeepadreamjournaltotrytobreakdown
thiswall.TryingtorememberyourdreamsdoeshelpandIdokeep
anactiveanduptodatedreamjournal.Thereisanotherexercise
however,thatisatleasttentimesasbeneficial.Thewallthatdivides
thedreamfromthephysicalistwosidedandjustasitisdifficultto
rememberyourdreamsinthephysicalitisequallydifficultto
rememberthephysicalinyourdreams.
AtthebeginningofeveryluciddreamIpracticeafewminutes
ofphysicalrecall.Ihavefoundthat,whenusingthesupplement
approachtoluciddreaming,factualkindsofinformationareeasyto
recall,mucheasierthanwhennosupplementsareused.Thisis
probablybecausebothacetylcholineandnorepinephrineboost
memoryandthebestluciddreamtriggerseitherboostacetylcholine
ornorepinephrinelevelswithinthebrain.Informationlikemyname,
address,familymembersnamesandbirthdays,evenmycreditcard
numberareeasilyshoutedout.Thechallengecomeswhendealing
withexperientialmemories.TryingtorememberanythingthatIdid
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172
thatdayismuchmoredifficult.Askyourselfwhatyouhadfor
breakfastandyoumayfindyourselfstandingthereinthedreamwith
yourmouthhangingopensayinguhhhhhhhh.Thisabilitycanbe
drasticallyimprovedwithpractice,andasitimprovesyouwillfind
yourselfhavingmoreandmorehighlevelluciddreams,evenon
nightswhennosupplementsareused.TheapproachIuseistothink
aboutaspecificeventthatIwanttorememberasIamgettingready
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toenteraluciddream.Ipurposelydonttrytorememberorrehearse
allofthedetailsIjusttrytoplacetheeventfirmlyinmymind.Then
whenIgettothepointthatIamseedingmyvisualization,Idosoby
givingmyselfshortvisualsnapshotsofdifferentpartsofthememory.
AfterIenterthelucidstateIkeepseedingthedreamwiththesame
kindofvisualsnapshots.Thistransformsthedreamintoa
reenactmentofthememory.Itisanamazingexperience.Ifleft
unattendedthedreamwillnaturallygooffonsometangentbutifyou
keepdroppingtheseedsitcansnapthedreambacktoactingoutthe
memory.Thisundeniablyleadstothebestrecallofanyevent
becauseyouactuallyreliveitinsteadofjustrememberit.Doingthis
exerciseonaregularbasisactivelybreaksdownthewallthat
separatesthetwostates.Youwillfindthatyouareremembering
dreamsingreatdetailevenonthenightsthatyoudontuse
supplementsandyouwillfindthatyoucanstarttorecallmoreand
moreofthedetailsfromyourphysicallifewhileinthedream.When
youreallystarttorememberyourphysicallifewhileindream,you
naturallystarttohaveluciddreamsmuchmoreoften.Itbecomes
easytorecognizethedreamstate.Thisexercisealsohasa
significantimpactondreamrecall.Understandthatvividsensory
experienceandvividrecallarenotsynonymous.Performingthis
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BreakingDowntheWall
173
exercisewhileyouarealsoactivelytryingtorememberyourdreams
whenyouawake,actstobreakdownthewallfrombothsidesand
oncethewallstartstofall,luciditygoeswayup.
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24
KeepinganUptoDateLog
Beyondjustkeepingadreamjournal,youshouldkeepanupto
datelogthatdocumentsthedetailsofeachattemptyoumakeat
becominglucid.Afterjustadozenorsohighlevelluciddreams,you
cangainagreatmanyinsightsbygoingoverthedetailsofeachtrial.
Thelogwillhighlightstatisticaltrendsandshowyouwhat
combinationsworkthebestandhowthevariouscombinationsaffect
theluciddream.Irecommendthatyouincludethefollowing
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information:
Date
Thesupplementsthatyoutook
Thedoseofeachsupplement
Thetimethatyoutookthesupplements
Howmanyhoursofsleepyouhadbeforeyoutookeach
supplement
Whetherornotyouweredreamingwhenyouwokeuptotake
thesupplements
Anyotherimportantnotesaboutthesupplements
Whatexercisesyoudidwhenyoufirstlaydownaftertaking
thesupplements
Howlongittooktofalltobacktosleeporenterthelucid
dream
Whatyoursleeppositionwas.
Detailsaboutthetransitionintothedream
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KeepinganUptoDateLog
175
Didyourfeelaccelerations,vibrations,orfloatiness.Ifsorank
theintensity
Ranktheresultingdreamquality
Rankyourabilitytorecallthedream
Rankyourvisualvividness
Rankyourtactilevividness
Rankyourauditoryvividness
Rankyourparticipationlevel(i.e.didyoujustobservethe
dreamorwereyouactivelyinvolved)
Rankyourluciditylevel
WasitaDILDoraWILD
Rankyourabilitytocontrolyourreasoningwithinthedream.
Rankyourabilitytocontrolyouremotionswithinthedream.
Rankyourabilitytocontrolyourwillwithinthedream
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Noteiftherewereanyphysicalsideeffects
Noteiftherewereanymentalsideeffects
Noteiftherewereanyemotionalsideeffects(crying,
laughing,etc)
Listsomegeneralnotesabouttheexperience
Summarizethedream
Listanylessonslearnedortheoriesthatcameoutofthe
dream.
Althoughthelistmayseemextensive,itonlytakesaboutten
totwentyminutestofilloutifyousetupasimplespreadsheet.Thisis
agreatwaytoarchiveyourdevelopmentthatgoesfarbeyondjust
keepingadreamjournal.
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176
25
WhereDoIgoFromHere?
Hopefullythisbookwillopenuptheworldofhighlevellucid
dreamingtoamuchwideraudience.Butnowthatyoucanhavehigh
levelluciddreams,thenwhat?Isadreamjustadreamoristhere
moretoitthanthat?Canweuncoverandtapintoourownhidden
potentials?Canwefindanswersconcerninglife,death,andwhy
werehere?Thepotentialsareenormousbuttheterritoryisalmost
entirelyunmapped.Oncehighlevelluciddreamsbecomecommon
place,thentherealadvancementwillstarttohappen.Canweheal
ourselvesorothersfromwithinadream?Canwepurposefullyenter
anotherpersonsdream?Canwebringbackknowledgefromthe
dreamstateintothephysicalstate?Thenextseveraldecadesshould
provetobeenormouslyexcitingandrichwithdiscovery.Ilook
forwardtobeingpartofthatexperienceandIhopeyouwillto.
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Pleasevisitwww.AdvancedLD.comandletmeknowhowyou
aredoingandfeelfreetoaskanyquestionsthatyoumighthave.
Alsowatchthewebsitefornewdiscoveriesconcerningthe
supplementapproachandIinviteyoujoinsomeoftheresearch
studiessponsoredonthesite.Ifyouneedhelplocatinganyofthe
supplements
referred
to
in
this
book,
visit
www.AdvancedLD.com\links.htmlandfindlinkstoallofthe
distributorsthatIregularlyuseplusonesthathavebeen
recommendedtome.
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WhereDoIgoFromHere?
177
Ifyouenjoyedthisbook,watchforupcomingpublicationsthat
willfocusonadvancedluciddreamingtechniquesandapplications.
Alsofeelfreetoemailmewithquestionsandcomments.
GoodLucktoAll!
ThomasYuschak
tyuschak@AdvancedLD.com
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Page184
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References
1.TheoreticalBackgroundReferences
a.SleepCycle
i.http://www.sleepdisorderchannel.com/stages/
ii.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleep#Sleep_physi
ology
b.REMRebound
c.DreamTheories
i.http://www.psychoanalysis.org.uk/solms4.htm
ii.http://psych.ucsc.edu/dreams/Library/domhoff_
2001a.html
iii.http://www.bbsonline.org/Preprints/OldArchive/
bbs.solms.html
iv.http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/neuro/neuro0
1/web1/MillerJ.html
d.Neurotransmitters
i.http://web.umr.edu/~rhall/neuroscience/03_sle
ep/sleepneuro.pdf
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ii.http://www.ifisiol.unam.mx/Brain/trnsmt.htm
iii.http://www.benbest.com/science/anatmind/ana
tmd10.html
iv.http://bipolar.about.com/cs/neurotrans/l/aa0007
_msngrs.htm
Page185
179
Reference
v.http://thedea.org/yourbrain.html
vi.http://www.neurosci.pharm.utoledo.edu/MBC3
320/nicotinic.htm
vii.http://www.raysahelian.com/dopamine.html
2.IndividualSupplementReferences
a.Galantamine
i.http://www.galantamine.cc/research/galantami
neresearch38.htm
ii.http://www.galantamine.cc/galantamine12.htm
iii.http://www.galantamine.cc/galantamine6.htm
iv.http://www.galantamine.cc/galantamine11.htm
v.http://www.galantamine.cc/research/galantami
neresearch27.htm
vi.http://www.galantamine.cc/research/galantami
neresearch11.htm
vii.http://www.galantamine.cc/galantamine17.htm
viii.http://www.galantamine.cc/galantamine24.htm
ix.http://www.galantamine.cc/galantamine10.htm
x.http://www.birf.info/home/bi
tools/qlinks_memo.html#Galantamine
xi.http://www.galantamine.cc/galantamine9.htm
b.GPC(Glycerophosphocholine)
i.http://www.dockidd.com/pdf2/GPCMindBody,4
_14_05.pdf
ii.http://www.dockidd.com/pdf2/GPCasInjectable,
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4_14_05.pdf
iii.http://www.pdrhealth.com/drug_info/nmdrugpro
files/nutsupdrugs/lal_0153.shtml
Page186
180
iv.http://www.lef.org/magazine/mag2003/jul2003_
abs_03.html
c.Nicotine
i.http://www.medsafe.govt.nz/profs/Datasheet/n/
Nicotrolpatch.htm
ii.http://www.quitworks.org/docs/PharmoGuide_s
mall.pdf
iii.http://science.howstuffworks.com/nicotine4.htm
iv.http://www.as.uky.edu/Biology/faculty/cooper/B
io401G/nicotineDesen.pdf
v.http://cds.ismrm.org/ismrm
2001/PDF2/0538.pdf
vi.http://www.blackwell
synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1471
4159.1994.63020561.x
vii.http://jp.physoc.org/cgi/content/abstract/553/3/
857
viii.http://www.drugs.com/Nicotine/index.html
ix.http://www.trdrp.org/research/PageGrant.asp?
grant_id=1853
d.Piracetam
i.http://www.bulknutrition.com/?ingredients_id=4
1
ii.http://www.bulknutrition.com/a87_Brain_Food_
_Piracetam_II.html
iii.http://www.ceri.com/noot.htm
iv.http://emc.medicines.org.uk/emc/assets/c/html/
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displaydoc.asp?documentid=16509
Page187
181
Reference
v.http://www.antiaging
systems.com/a2z/nootropics.htm
vi.http://www.ceri.com/pira97.htm
vii.http://www.lef.org/prod_hp/abstracts/piracetam
.html
viii.http://www.piracetam.com/
ix.http://www.worldhealth.net/p/1010,2056.html
x.http://www.piracetam.com/piracetam12.htm
xi.http://www.piracetam.com/piracetam26.htm
xii.http://www.piracetam.com/piracetam11.htm
e.MucunaPruriens&LDopa
i.http://www.parkinson.org/site/pp.asp?c=9dJFJ
LPwB&b=184301
ii.http://www.raintree.com/velvetbean.htm
iii.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?c
md=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1547820
6&dopt=Abstract
iv.http://www.healthyeatingclub.com/APJCN/Volu
me2/vol2.2/kempster.htm
v.http://www.neuroskills.com/tbi/motor.shtml
vi.http://www.neurology.org/cgi/content/abstract/6
1/7/1008
vii.http://www.raysahelian.com/mucunapruriens.ht
ml
viii.http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi
bin/abstract/109672614/ABSTRACT?CRETRY
=1&SRETRY=0
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182
f.Yohimbine
i.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norepinephrine
ii.http://www.biopsychiatry.com/yohimin.htm
iii.http://www.biopsychiatry.com/yohimbine.htm
iv.http://www.biopsychiatry.com/norad.htm
v.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?c
md=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6100759
&dopt=Abstract
vi.http://www.raysahelian.com/yohimbe.html
vii.http://jcp.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/34/
5/418
viii.http://www.general
anaesthesia.com/alpha2.html
g.5HTP(5hydroxytryptophan)
i.http://www.raysahelian.com/5htp.html
ii.http://www.healthyplace.com/communities/depr
ession/treatment/alternative/brain_chemistry_2
.asp
iii.http://www.biopsychiatry.com/5htp.html
iv.http://web.mit.edu/dick/www/pdf/989.pdf
v.http://www.life
enhancement.com/article_template.asp?ID=31
4
vi.http://www.holistic
online.com/remedies/Sleep/sleep_ins_melatoni
nand5HTP.htm
vii.http://www.1fast400.com/i60_5HTP.html
175/182
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Page189
183
Reference
h.Melatonin
i.http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/1999/melatonin
1103.html
ii.http://www.holistic
online.com/remedies/Sleep/sleep_ins_melatoni
nand5HTP.htm
iii.http://www.charm.net/~profpan/armitage.html
iv.http://jcem.endojournals.org/cgi/content/abstra
ct/89/1/128
v.http://www.raysahelian.com/melatonin.html
3.Desensitizationandtolerance
a.http://cds.ismrm.org/ismrm2001/PDF2/0538.pdf
b.http://www.as.uky.edu/Biology/faculty/cooper/Bio401G
/nicotineDesen.pdf
c.http://www.blackwell
synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1471
4159.1994.63020561.x
d.http://www.currentseparations.com/issues/152/cs15
2d.pdf
e.http://jp.physoc.org/cgi/content/abstract/553/3/857
f.http://www.trdrp.org/research/PageGrant.asp?grant_id
=1853
g.http://www.piracetam.com/piracetam12.htm
4.Misc
a.http://members.aol.com/atracyphd/syndrome.htm
b.http://www.clevelandclinic.org/health/health
info/docs/0900/0929.asp?index=5580&src=news
Page190
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Index
5
5htp,33,49,100,101,102,103,104,
105,107,108,122,184
5HTP,2,33,49,63,100,101,102,103,
104,105,107,123,150,152,184
5hydroxytryptophan,2,33,100,184
A
acceleration,37,72,118,130,168
accelerations,10,117,140,177
Acetyl,49,72,73
acetylcholine,23,27,33,38,39,40,42,
43,48,50,51,55,60,61,64,67,69,
72,75,76,79,81,82,84,96,107,
122,126,130,132,133,136,173
Acetylcholine,26,27,28,38,39,40,41,
45,49,68,73,81,144
Acetylcholinesterase,60,61
ACh,23,26,38,39,40,41,57,60,61,
82,127,132,136
AChagonist,42
AChprecursors,42
AChE,42,55,57,60,61,64,69
AChEinhibitor,55,57,60,64
AChEinhibitors,42,60,69
ADD,29,42,52
Adenosine,57
ADHD,42
adrenaline,94
agonist,42,48,51,60,61,75,76,82
alert,19,34,41,43,111
alertness,28,95
alfoscerate,68
alpha2,44,52,94,95,99
alpha2adrenergicblockers,44,52
Alpha2antagonists,52
alpha2receptorblockers,52
alpha2receptors,94,95
alphaGPC,68
alphoscerate,68
Alzheimers,29,38,39,52,60,63,69
Amphetamines,43
Aniracetam,86
antagonist,48,51,94,95,99
anxiety,29,96,98,100
appetite,29,63
attention,13,42,44,45,97,129,157,
160,163,169
awakestate,10
Ayurveda,88
B
balancedsleep,104,161
bind,51
bipolardisorder,29
Bitartrate,66,69,129
bloodbrainbarrier,33,37,47,48,49,
75,94,103,123
BloodBrainBarrier,47
bloodbrainbarrier,33
brain,13,18,19,23,24,25,26,28,29,
33,35,36,37,38,40,41,42,43,44,
47,48,49,50,51,52,53,55,60,61,
75,76,81,85,88,89,93,94,95,99,
100,101,103,122,127,132,133,
134,135,136,137,173,184
brainlesions,24
brainstemdreamtheory,22
BreakingDowntheWall,3,172
C
Caffeine,57
Carbidopa,89,92
CDPcholine,50
CDPcholine,67,68
CDPCholine,66
centralnervoussystem,33,37
cerebralactivation,22,25
cerebralactivationdreamtheory,22
chemical,21,28,37,42,51,52,57,61,
88,89
Page191
Index
chemicals,19,28,101
choline,49,50,66,68,72
Choline,2,49,50,64,66,67,69,70,71,
72,73,128,129,139,142,143,144,
146,147,148
CholineBitartrate,66,69,72,128
CholineCitrate,66,69,128
Dreamenhancementthreshold,58
dreamjournal,173,176,177
dreamrecall,102,136,141,174
dreamstate,10,25,45,61,129,157,
158,166,168,174,178
dreamtheory,22,172
dreams,8,9,11,15,23,31,32,35,36,
177/182
12/25/2016
Cholinesalts,66,69,73
CholineSupplements,2,66
cholinergic,22,23,25,40,62,63,81,
85,86,135
cholinergicdreamtheory,22
cholinergictheory,22,23
circadianrhythm,105
cognition,23
concentration,54,55,76,77,92,101,
133,138
concentrationcurve,55
ConcentrationCurve,55,61,69,76,
83,89,95,101,106
confidence,36,45,88,91,114,124
confident,34,36,111
conflict,32,40,60,122
consciousness,10,40,45,61,114,
117,166,172
creativity,13,34
D
deepsleep,17,18,20,30,31,32,40,
43,60,63,122,172
dementia,38
depression,29,35,52,100,103,108,
184
desensitization,54,57,58,62,64,65,
71,75,76,79,81,82,84,85,86,120,
125,127,132,133,134,135,136,
137,140
DILD,9,40,114,127,177
DILDs,9,40,71,73,114
donezepil,69
dopamine,24,26,27,30,34,35,36,37,
43,44,45,47,48,50,52,54,88,89,
90,91,92,93,181
Dopamine,28,34,35,36,37,45,50,
88,90
dopaminelevels,34,35,36,38,47,88
dopaminergic,22,23,25,26,35,37
dopaminergicdreamtheory,22
dopaminergictheory,23,25
Dosage,64,72,78,85,92,98,103,108
40,41,43,58,62,65,70,72,77,78,
81,82,84,90,96,102,114,122,124,
134,166,172,173,174,178,180
drug,13,24,30,34,35,53,55,56,181
druginteractions,30,53,56
dyskinesias,92
E
earplugs,160
eliminationhalflife,55,68,69,104
eliminationhalflife,54,55,61,62,70,
77,83,89,90,95,96,101,106,107
Eliminationhalflife,54
emotionalstate,28,36
emotions,10,15,38,58,177
Epinephrine,50
ExtendedPlayTrigger,143,144
F
fear,11,36,91,111,112
flightorfight,42
floating,10,37,115,116,130,164,168,
169
fly,37,111
flying,37,91,93
focus,7,12,13,29,30,38,42,45,95,
97,115,140,157,165,168,170,179
focused,43,140
forebrain,23,24,25
Forebraindreamtheory,22
frequency,7,8,11,24,25,33,56,84,
104,120
frontallobotomy,24
G
galantamine,61,62,63,65,68,71,72,
73,75,77,78,81,82,84,86,91,93,
97,98,99,101,104,106,126,127,
128,129,131,132,133,135,136,
138,139,142,181
Page192
Galantamine,2,52,55,60,61,62,63,
64,84,133,136,181
gastrointestinaldistress,103
Glutamate,3
Glycerophosphocholine,68,181
glycerylphosphorylcholine,68
GPC,50,63,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,
73,75,77,79,82,84,86,126,127,
139,142,144,145,147,148,181
157,160,161,163,165,171,172,
173,176
luciddreamtriggers,93,104,122,126,
172,173
luciddreaming,4,7,8,10,11,12,13,
15,26,27,32,40,43,44,59,64,71,
73,75,76,79,81,84,88,91,95,102,
114,117,119,120,121,122,127,
156,159,160,173,178
luciddreams,4,7,8,9,12,20,21,27,
32,36,40,43,68,71,72,73,75,78,
178/182
12/25/2016
headache,30,78,85,86,108,137
headaches,29,100
health,4,6,8,20,29,46,120,121,160,
185
highlevel,4,6,7,9,10,11,27,32,36,
68,82,99,100,120,121,123,124,
125,131,132,139,161,174,176,
178
HuperzineA,64
I
inhibitors,42,52,53
insomnia,29,30,31,72,91,97,99,107
Insomnia,153
L
Lalphaglycerylphosphorylcholine,68
Ldopa,24,35,37,50,54,88,89,90,
91,92,93
LDopa,50,183
LDS,4,5
Lecithin,66
lesions,24
LicoriceRoot,53
log,176
longduration,7,9,12,26
longtermdesensitization,133
luciddream,4,6,7,9,10,20,21,23,
26,27,29,32,33,36,39,40,42,43,
44,45,46,47,48,50,51,52,53,54,
56,57,59,62,63,65,67,68,73,77,
78,81,82,83,84,86,90,91,92,93,
95,97,98,99,100,102,104,107,
108,114,115,117,121,122,123,
124,125,126,127,128,130,133,
135,136,139,140,142,155,156,
79,88,99,100,102,114,116,120,
121,122,123,125,131,132,134,
139,140,161,164,166,174,176,
178
lucidity,6,27,41,58,59,61,63,106,
157,175,177
luciditytrigger,27
M
MAO,52,94
MAOinhibitors,52
MechanismofAction,48,61,69,76,
89,95,101,106
mechanisms,22,24,47,48,53
melatonin,100,105,106,107,108,128,
184,185
Melatonin,2,33,49,105,106,107,108,
150,153,185
memories,11,38,43,97,99,130,136,
173
memory,6,13,23,31,38,39,40,41,
42,45,60,63,68,95,96,97,113,
128,166,172,173
MILD,2,4
mind,3,21,27,28,30,39,41,47,82,
94,97,98,100,111,115,116,121,
122,123,129,130,134,139,159,
160,161,163,174
Monoamineoxidase,52
mood,13,29,95,134
Mooddisorders,34
motivation,13,34,45,88
Mucunapruriens,89,91
MucunaPruriens,2,37,50,88,89,90,
91,92,93,183
MultipleTrigger,2,142,148
musclecramps,63
muscleparalysis,38
musclespasms,38
Page193
Index
music,71,72,78,144
N
nausea,30,72,78,91,93,103
Nausea,63
neurons,19,23,35,136
neuroscience,8,15,180
Neuroscience,15
neurotransmitter,19,23,26,27,28,38,
45,47,48,51,52,53,57,134
neurotransmitters,13,19,23,26,27,
28,29,31,42,43,44,47,48,51,52,
53,56,57,135
Neurotransmitters,2,19,28,51,180
Nicotine,2,13,51,63,71,75,76,77,
PassionFlower,53
peakplasmalevels,54,68,71,76,77,
89,101,127
phenylalanine,38,50
Phenylalanine,50
phosphatidylcholine,49,50,73
physicalstate,45,157,158,163,165,
166,178
physicalworld,114,118,156,158,172
pinealgland,105
piracetam,62,71,73,81,82,83,85,86,
135,136,137,138,183,185
Piracetam,2,62,65,73,79,81,82,83,
84,85,86,135,136,137,138,148,
150,151,152,182
plasmaconcentration,54
179/182
12/25/2016
78,79,82,84,86,126,127,142,145,
146,148,182
nicotinegum,79
nicotinepatches,79
nicotinicreceptors,82
nightmare,36
nightmares,90
nightmarish,35,36,62,71
nonREMsleep,17,26,30,31,32,39,
102,104,123
nootropics,84,183
Nootropics,81
noradrenalin,42,94
norepinephrine,27,30,42,43,44,48,
50,52,94,95,98,99,107,122,126,
127,130,132,173
Norepinephrine,28,42,43,44,45,50,
51,97,184
Nutmeg,53
O
OBE,10
orally,33,37,53,76
outofbodyexperiences,4,6,9,116
overflow,42,44,94,98
Overflow,94
oxidativestress,35
Oxiracetam,86
P
Panteteine,73
Parkinsonsdisease,24,34,35,90
Parkinsonian,35
poison,38
PowerofReason,146,147
precursor,33,37,48,49,50,54,57,67,
69,88,89,94,100,101,104,106,
127
precursors,38,42,48,49,50,53
prefrontalleucotomy,24
PrimaryTrigger,2,126,142,143
Prozac,30
psychiatricdisorders,34
Q
qigong,155,163,169
qualityofsleep,13,32,45,122
R
racetams,86
receptor,51,52,81
relax,130,166,168
relaxation,29,104
REM,2,15,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,
25,26,29,30,31,32,33,35,38,39,
40,43,44,45,53,60,64,91,100,
102,104,105,106,107,108,121,
122,180
REMdreamtheory,22
REMrebound,15,21,31,32,45,53,
100,102,104,107
REMsleep,17,18,21,22,24,25,30,
31,32,33,35,38,39,43,44,104,
123
reuptakeinhibitor,52
reuptakeinhibitor,48
Page194
Ritalin,42
S
schizophrenia,29
Schizophrenia,34
seededvisualization,165
Seededvisualizations,165
sensation,118,130,164,167,168,169,
171
senses,11,28,160,170
serotonin,23,27,29,30,31,32,33,35,
39,43,44,47,48,49,52,100,101,
102,103,104,105,106,108,122
Serotonin,26,28,29,30,31,32,33,39,
44,49,53,103,106
serotoninsyndrome,30,103
sideeffects,51,56,57,63,64,69,71,
75,78,79,85,86,89,92,94,98,103,
108,121,127,128,133,134,177
SideEffects,56,63,71,78,84,91,98,
suppressREMsleep,21
suppressed,21,30,31,38,106,107,
122
T
tactileexercise,163
tactileexercises,164
tactilesensation,117
theories,8,15,22,26,35,172,177
therapeuticdose,55
therapeuticindex,56
TherapeuticIndex,56
timetopeakplasmalevel,54,55
Timetopeakplasmalevels,53
tolerance,54,57,58,62,64,65,84,85,
86,120,125,131,132,133,134,139,
140,185
Tolerance,2,57,132
toxic,56,75,79
Toxicity,56
180/182
12/25/2016
103,108
sleep,8,13,15,17,18,19,20,21,22,
23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,
33,35,38,39,40,41,43,44,45,57,
60,63,65,68,71,73,78,96,98,100,
101,102,104,105,106,107,108,
120,121,122,123,124,127,129,
130,132,140,160,161,163,165,
172,176,180,184,185
sleepcycle,15,60
SoundtrackTrigger,145,146
spinning,37,113,164
St.JohnsWort,30,53,103
stagesofsleep,19,39,60,122
strategy,27,120,133
supplement,4,5,6,7,8,11,12,32,33,
37,39,40,44,49,50,53,54,55,58,
59,71,72,73,77,88,93,98,103,
107,114,122,123,128,133,135,
139,163,173,176
supplements,4,6,7,8,9,11,12,13,
15,27,30,31,32,33,37,40,41,43,
44,46,47,48,49,50,52,53,54,56,
57,58,66,68,76,78,84,86,88,91,
92,96,97,101,102,106,107,108,
120,121,122,124,125,126,127,
132,134,135,138,139,140,163,
164,173,176
suppress,21,26,33,81,91,100,104,
105,106,108,121,122
transition,10,17,41,114,115,117,
118,123,124,129,130,144,163,
165,166,167,170,176
transitions,115,116,119,130
transmitter,29
TrifectaTrigger,147,148
trigger,13,27,36,40,42,43,45,58,59,
61,63,65,68,71,73,75,78,91,93,
97,98,99,102,104,106,122,126,
128,131,133,136,139,142,143,
145,146,147,150,151,152,153
triggers,59,91,124
tryptophan,33
Tryptophan,33,49
tyrosine,38,50
Tyrosine,50
V
vibration,118,130
vibrations,10,130,167,177
vision,157,170
visualize,164,165
vitaminB5,49,72
VitaminB5,49,73
vitaminB6,93,103
vivid,19,21,26,31,34,35,40,43,62,
64,70,90,93,102,104,105,107,
108,112,130,157,170,174
vividdream,21,26,40,104,108
Page195
Index
vividdreams,19,31,34,64,90,93,
102,105,107
vividness,6,7,10,24,31,58,77,96,
102,107,177
W
wakefulness,17,19,27,29,33,43,60,
124,127,160
WBTB,2
weightloss,63
WILD,9,41,114,127,160,177
WILDs,9,40,61,71,73,114,115,116,
118,166
workingmemory,42
Y
YohimbeBark,94,98
yohimbine,71,94,96,97,98,101,106,
126,139,184
Yohimbine,2,44,52,63,94,95,96,97,
98,99,126,133,184
181/182
12/25/2016
Page196
182/182

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