I

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PeoplewithdifferentculturesandlanguageshavebeenlivingtogetherinIndiaforthousandsofyears.Whiletherearehundredsof
differentlanguagesonthesubcontinenttheofficiallanguageisHindi,whilemostpeoplespeakEnglishtoo.About80%ofthe
IndianpopulationisHindu.arethebiggestminority.
TodayIndiaisthehometoover1billionpeople.By2050itwillsurpassChinaasthemostpopulouscountryintheworld.Experts
thinkthatIndiawillreachatotalof1.8billionbeforepopulationgrowthbeginstodecrease.Incontrastto,familyplanninginIndia
hasnotbeenconsistent.Inthe1970sand80sthegovernmenttriedtocontrolpopulationgrowthbyforcingpeopletohave
sterilizations.Today,however,therearesignsthatpopulationgrowthisslowingdown.Contraceptionisbecomingwidely
availableinmanyareasandespeciallyIndianwomeninruralareasarebeingmoreeducated.
EveryIndianwomangetsalmost3children,comparedtoalittleoveronechildperfamilyinthewest.AsinmanyAsiansocieties
childrenareneededtodoworkandcareforfamilymemberswhentheygetolder.Boysaremorevaluablethangirls,whomarryatan
earlyage.AboutathirdofIndiaspopulationisunder14,whichmakesitoneoftheyoungestcountriesonearth.ApartfromthatIndia
stillhasthelargestproportionofpeoplewhocannotreadandwrite.
Morethan70%ofIndianpeopleliveinthecountryside,insmallervillagesandtowns.Astheruralpopulationisbecomingpoorermore
andmorepeoplearemovingtothebigcitieswheretheyliveinovercrowdedslumswithnoorcleanwater.Asaresult,citieslike
Mumbai,CalcuttaandNewDelhiareexplodingwithpeopletheyhavenojobsfor.

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OverpopulationinIndiaiscausingevenmoreproblems.Anincreasingpopulationlivingonthesamelandwillquicklyuseupthe
limitedresourcesthecountryhas.Medicalconditionsaregettingworseanddiseasesarespreadingfaster.Moreandmore
Indiansarelivingbelowthepovertyline.

PopulationgrowthofIndiacomparedwithothercountries

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Words
billion=athousandmillion
cause=leadto
comparedto=toseehowtwoormorethingsaredifferent
consistent=tohappeninthesamewayconstant
contraception=methodsofpreventingawomantohaveababybirthcontrol
decrease=togodown
disease=illness
electricity=powerthatiscarriedinwiresandcablesandisusedtogiveuslightandheatortomakemachineswork
especially=aboveall
familyplanning=controllingthenumberofchildrenthatareborn
force=makepeopledosomething
growth=increasewhensomethinggoesup
however=but
incontrastto=somethingthatisdifferent
limited=notverygreatinamountornumber
medicalconditions=healthcaredoctors,hospitalsetc..
minority=smallgroupofpeoplewithinamuchlargergroup
official=formal
overcrowded=withtoomanypeople
overpopulation=whentoomanypeopleliveonasmallamountofland
population=thepeoplewholiveinacountry
populous=fullofpeople
povertyline=whenapersondoesnothaveenoughmoneytobythethingstheyneedtolive
proportion=number,share
reach=getto
resources=rawmaterials
rural=countryside
sign=signal
society=peopleingeneral
sterilization=anoperationthatstopsamanfromproducingandawomenfromgettingbabies
subcontinent=partofacontinent
surpass=overtakebebiggerthan
valuable=worth
widelyavailable=offeredinmanyplaces

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