JOHAN SUBEKTI

ILMU DAN TEKNOLOGI LINGKUNGAN

081311133059
In Indonesia, the treated oil is widely used as a fuel or fuel oil, which is one type of
fuel that is used widely in the era of industrialization. The price of fuel in Indonesia is often
increased due to the reason that the government wants to reduce subsidies. The purpose of the
reduction is said that funds previously used for subsidies can be diverted to other things like
education and infrastructure development. On the other hand, the increase is often trigger a
rise in the price of other goods such as consumer goods, groceries and electricity tariffs that
can also always resisted the community. Finally, this causes a wide range of opinion out the
pros and cons of the various circles of society in response to the increase in fuel. Here are the
views of the parties:
Some of the arguments in favor of the increase in fuel prices due to several factors.
First, world crude oil soared. The increase in crude oil prices is one reason why the
government needs to raise fuel prices. Then, the oil price assumption in the state budget
should be adjusted. The government no longer possible to set the Indonesian crude oil price
assumption (ICP) of US $90 per barrel, because the current ICP price exceeds US $ 115 per
barrel. Second, the increase in fuel prices caused subsidies misplaced. With fuel prices low, it
gets huge subsidies are people who use the car. Non-residents should get subsidies, such as
motorcycle taxis and auto-rickshaw driver. The move to raise fuel prices is a solution targeted
subsidies.
Meanwhile, on the other hand, for those who refuse to raise the price of fuel also have
arguments. They did not agree with the government's plan to raise fuel prices because budget
would not be broken . The believe the assumptions wrong to think of the state budget will be
broken when the fuel price was raised. The fuel subsidy from year to year is down. So,
assuming the provision of fuel subsidy will make the broken state budget is absurd. Besides,
they did not agree to raise fuel prices because the subsidy has been targeted. Assumption
those government subsidies have not targeted, according they also not true.
Politicians say, most of the premium subsidy consumed by the middle and lower
classes, of the total premium that is consumed by households, 64 percent is consumed by a
motorcycle, while only 36 percent for cars. Given that most motorcycle owners are lower
middle class society, the means for the largest share of premium subsidy as much as 64
percent is consumed by the middle and lower classes, and it is not the rich.
Move the bag, other politicians said that if the government raised fuel prices and
make compensation for the poor, it means only move left pocket to the right pocket.
Regardless of the pros and cons, the increase in fuel prices will continue from year to
year. Of course, people of Indonesia will continue to expect the government policies for
public welfare.

EXERCISE 2.15 (Page 22)

1.

I have been feeling listless and groggy all day I couldnt get to sleep last night. (X)

2.

The day began with fierce wind and heavy showers then the sun came out and dried out
all the puddles. (OK)

3.

Below the cliff was the only survivor of the crash the man crawled away from the
wreckage and looked up. (X)

4.

Superstar athletes make enormous salaries but make even more money from product
endorsement and personal appearance. (OK)

5.

Most candy is full of sugar and fat I have switched to fresh fruit for a snack. (X)

6.

The local television news in may town often covers the same stories and uses the same
film for two or three broadcast. (OK)

7.

You can come to my house for Thanksgiving dinner you can stay home and watch all the
football games. (X)

8.

Mark always talks to me in class yet has never ever asked me to have coffee. (X)

9.

Andrea likes to be the center of attention she always wears exotic make up and clothes.
(X)

10. Occasionally, I take my daughter to the petting zoo and watch her enjoy the baby
animals. (OK)
EXERCISE 2.16 (Page 22-23)
1. The first dog I had after graduating from college was named Fred and he was a great dog
and he loved to play ball and get a bath but he also had a tendency to chew my shoes and
plants when he was a puppy that made me very angry.
The first dog I had after graduating from college was named Fred. He was a great dog and
he loved to play ball and get a bath. But he also had a tendency to chew my shoes and
plants when he was a puppy, that made me very angry.
2. Telephones are probably one of the best and most convenient devices produced in the
twentieth century because you can call anyone, anytime from just about anywhere
especially now that there are so many cell phones available and telephones dont really
cost that much to buy or to use.
Telephones are probably one of the best and most convenient devices produced in the
twentieth century because you can call anyone and anytime from just about anywhere.
Especially now, that there are so many cell phones available and telephones dont really
cost that much to buy or to use.

EXERCISE 4.5 (Page 34)

The invention of the automobile has provided many benefits to travelers. With a car,
man is able to travel vast distances in short periods of time. What once took a two or three
weeks on horseback can now be done in a matter of hours. The comfort enjoyed by travelers,
compared to a horse drawn wagon, is amazing. No longer do travelers have to endure the
bone-jarring ordeal of riding on a stiff leather saddle or splinter-infested wagon seat. Their
voyage is now made on softly cushioned seats that can be adjusted to fit the sojourners level
of comfort. Travelers are no longer subjected to the harsh elements of the weather. In the past,
travelers had to suffer the biting cold of winter and the blistering heat of summer, not to
mention the suffering encountered by gale force winds, blinding snow, and drenching rain.
Today people can enjoy a soothing and relaxing trip thanks to the totally enclosed interiors
that offer air conditioning and heating units in most vehicles. Needless to say, with all the
advantages an automobile has to offer, no one would dream of using the expression Get a
horse today.
*The supporting sentences is red
EXERCISE 4.6 (Page 34-35)
1. Owning a small car has several advantages.
a. A small car is easier to park
b. A small car can pass through the narrow street
c. A small car is easy to clean
d. The price of a small car is low
2. To keep your teeth healthy and your smile bright, do the following things.
a. Dont eat sugary foods
b. Brush teeth regularly
c. Replace toothbrush for three months
d. Check the teeth to dentist regularly
3. Consider these three/four/five factors when planning a family vacation.
a. Consider the interests of everyone
b. Consider the weather
c. Consider the accommodation, including transportation and lodging
d. Consider the cost
4. A good friend has two/three/four important qualities.
a. He/She can keep secrets
b. He/She help resolve the problem
c. He/She could lend money
d. He/She is very silly
5. Avoid studying for a big test by taking the following actions.
a. Turn on the television, the radio, or your CD player
b. Go shopping
c. Play online games
d. Go to sleep
6. A college education is important for these reasons.

a.
b.
c.
d.

It prepares you for a career

It knows more people
It knows more science
It can be productive