Al maidah 51 tafsir.

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Interpretation
Jews and Christians (5:51) appear in the Holy Quran from the Medina period after emigration.
Since then there was a fluid contact with the Jewish Arab community of Medina, and soon also
with Christian Arabs from the rest of Arabia, for example, the meeting of the Prophet (BPDyC) in
Medina with the Christians of Najran, which quranic revelations. And determined important
revelations to the end of the mission of the Prophet (BPDyC), took place contacts with Christians
outside Arabia, with Byzantium, which then dominated by the historic Syria, and tried to stifle the
attacking Islam Muslims in the peninsula. In addition, messages sent by the Prophet (BPDyC)
neighbors and powerful rulers of the time, including three Christians, the Negus of Abyssinia
(Ethiopia), the Muquqas, Coptic Christian ruler of Egypt and the Byzantine Emperor Heraclius.
Even before the given asylum took place Muslims by the Christian king of Ethiopia.
At first the Prophet (BPDyC) tried to live with the Jews of Medina and its surroundings, and even
establish mutual defense pacts, as evidenced by the Sahifah or Dustur then issued (which we call
"Constitution of Medina). But his attempt failed because the material interests that had the
Jewish community, their fanaticism and cultural backwardness, arrogance of its leaders, scholars
and scholars of the time. Nor should we confuse the Jewish community with the rest of the Jews in
history, because it was very special, both for its culture, and its knowledge of the Torah.
Those who are believers! Do not you adopt for intimate Jews and Christians !: They are each other
about intimate others, and that you take them for beloved [and partners] is therefore of them
(5:51) The order mentioned Jews and Christians indicates the degree of importance that at that
time both had for Muslims, referring to two issues: the beliefs, and political.

Adopt ... it means resorting to something specific for a particular purpose, or

someone to serve us associate or cooperate to achieve this.

As for Judaism, the doctrine or belief hand, has similarities with Islam, although historically the
Jews linked to the birth of Islam, and its first expansion, defined from then until now its role of
enemies, even more than the of other faiths. Instead, Christians are historically closer to Islam
than the Jews, being in Islamic countries (especially Arabs) closer to Muslims as citizens of these

countries, with a popular culture and a common history. This also has to do with the doctrine of
Mercy and universality, both Islam and Christianity, which is also found in the bottom of the
teachings of the Torah, although Jews practiced only limitedly, despite the example of Prophets
(BP)
Etymologies

Intimates: Aul`, plural of Wali, translate it as "intimate" with the meaning of

"appreciated", "affection" and "allies" as well as "friends". It comes from al-uil`, friendship,
protection and love, and it is derived from the word al-Uiliah, indicating the role of protector,
friend, advocate, provident, and al-taul, the fact exercise that function, or protective seek
someone to exercise. It is a very broad word, whose ulia root conveys the idea of two or more
very close things together, without the separate obstacle, no need for other external things for
their attachment or accession, or by the place, or they are maintaining link, or relationship, or the
Commonwealth of beliefs, or defense, or friendship. When it comes to humans, this coexistence
determines a degree of love, mutual collaboration and dedication of each other, which does not
participate the rest. Is friendship or intimacy between them, and their mutual identification, both
in ideas and acts.
Another use of the word is Wali - friend and protectively "in charge" or "responsible" for someone,
his "heir" or "representative". In Spanish there is the word "valid", perhaps derived from the
Arabic, with meanings close to the above, as "preferred", "Unbreakable," "favorite" and "private".
The Uiliah, then, is the protection and defense, and is also in charge of a matter. It is said equally
Uiliah and Ualiah (with an "a" at the beginning, instead of "i"), and is said equally Wali or Mawla
to indicate equally to those who exercise Uiliah, as well as those who are benefited for her. Both
words make both active participle or agent (which performs the action indicated by the verb), as
well as passive participle or patient (which receives the action of the verb, such as "beloved")
"Wali of Allah" He say, "friend or representative of Allah" on the person exercising or providence
protection from Allah; and he says "Allah is the Wali and mawla of the believers", "Protector, Lord
and Provident" for believers benefit from it.
The Holy Quran gives us an idea of Uiliah and Wali, and even Mawla: Is that adopt uales besides
Him, being that Allah is [the One] Wali? (42: 9) Do not have besides Him any protector or
intercessor Wali Will ye not you persuade? (32: 4) Allah is the Wali of those who are believers,
extracts them from darkness to light (2: 257) You are my Wali in the world and in the hereafter
(12: 101) Mawla says: this is because Allah is mawla of those who are believers, and those who are
wicked have no Mawla [protector] any (47:11) and certainly Allah is his mawla [Prophet] (66: 4)
Interpretation
Do not adopt as close (auli`) Jews and Christians (5:51), refers to the spiritual identification,
friendship and love, and mutual alliance or defense, and its expression in action. That friendship
stems from a common idea about the existence, beliefs that are shared, and involving way of
being, behavior, and goals that remain. We believe that both Jews and Christians created concepts

that do not respond to the revelation of their Prophets (P), as the idea of "chosen people" or
"trinity", forged through history to the divine Message other foreign accessions. So intimacy with
them is to accept their mistakes, may Allah conviction.
This does not contradict the Prophet (BPDyC) has tried to live with the Jews, establishing pacts,
maintaining peaceful relations and theological conversations, and also ordered that protect them.
Even at first this treatment was also in favor of the idolaters of Medina and other parts of Arabia,
pacts like Hudaybiyah. But while idolaters protection was lifted to reveal the sura ninth, did not
happen the same with Jews and Christians, the Holy Quran always designated as "People of the
Book" because they have something in common with the Muslims, Revelation and the Prophets
(BP) and why are recognized in Islam, both externally in respect of Revelation. This does not mean
approve their background beliefs or weak adherence to the Prophets (P), which take as heroes, or
examples of race and culture, and in some cases not as much as this, they adopt others. And in the
case of Jesus (P) the error is greater because it was made theologically.
They are each other about intimate other. Jews and Christians still had not reached allying with
each other at war with Islam, as in the twentieth century. Because of its accessions and common
affections, of any type whatsoever, they currently have with one another offensive alliances, such
as the protection of Israel. But it is not precluded from trading with them, if convenient, or make
pacts, never against other Muslims.
Other verses of the Holy Quran about friendship and alliance with Jews and Christians say: Those
who are believers!: Do not adopt to My enemies and your enemies as allies [intimate or
protectors], whom you dedicate yourselves with love, when they have been wicked to what I came
from the Truth! (60: 1) And whosoever of you intime with them, such are the wicked (60: 9) Do not
find [Prophet] a believing people in Allah and the Last Day who loves those who turn away from
Allah and His Messenger or even if they were their fathers, or their sons, or their brothers, or their
clan (58:22) And regarding idolaters only he says: believers should not adopt the wicked as friends
[is kinship, or single friendship] apart from [other] believers. Those who do this have nothing [of
friendship] with Allah, except that you think of them any fear. Allah warns you of Himself [of
punishment]! (3:28)