e-Governance :

India vs. Bharat

22-Aug-2009, NACEN

Some Comments:

SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBER

UDI DO YOU THINK IT WILL
SUCCEED
ON-LINE POPULATION COUNT
VELOCITY OF SPREAD OF A
DISEASE
Polity vs. Bureaucracy vs.
Professionals Who is interested?

India From `in-line to `on-line -- EGovernance

Andhra Pradesh surely was the early mover
in E-Government thanks to a lap-top toting
Chief Minister who refused to entertain even
his own party members unless they were
email savvy. N.Chandrababu Naidu, the only
Indian State head who preferred to call
himself a CEO
-- leading to a Digital Democracy and not digital
divide

Traditionally Governance has meant ---

Meaningless and delayed bureaucratic controls

Stand alone and non-integrated administrative
functions
Excessive Paperwork and Time-consuming
processes
Disjointed application of information
technologies
Fragmented ownership of systems and
resources
Solutions not integrated across all agencies
Wrong and motivated decisions and solutions

Good governance is --1.

anticipatory

2.

transparent

3.

accountable.

Types of E-Commerce ----

Business to Consumer (B2C)

Business to Business (B2B)

Consumer to Consumer ( C2C)
Consumer to Business (C2B)

Then What is E-Governance ----

Government to Consumer (G2C)

Government to Business (G2B)

Government to Government ( G2G)

Governance - How ?

How government can become more responsive and

accessible?
How can the government enhance its role as a catalyst of
economic growth
How can one provide better Government services and,
How can the government use advanced technologies for
transferring benefits, improving health care and
education,
How can government become more lean and thin - reengineering

Governance imperatives -

Improving transparency
Providing information speedily to all
citizens
Improving administration efficiency
Improving public services such as
transportation, power, health, water,
security and municipal services

UNDP approach for leveraging ICT -

A + 6 Cs Strategy

A = Awareness, Advocacy, Vision-building and

Policy
C=Connectivity and Access
C=Capacity and Institution-building
C=Human Capacity-building
C=Content Development and Cultural Diversity
C=Creativity
C=Communications and Networking

UNDP - E-Governance -

Enhancing the delivery of government services and

info through ICTs

strengthening accountability and transparency of

government actions

launching of new participatory mechanisms

strengthening city governance

fostering decentralization processes

strengthening countrys capacity to participate in

international internet governance and IPR regimes

In other words

Electronic Governance is the application

of ICT Technologies to the processes of
Government functioning to bring about :

Simple
Moral
Accountable
Responsive and
Transparent

Governance

This could lead to --

Economic and Global competitiveness

Lower quantity of government to higher
quality of governance
24/7 working - Flexitime for employees
Education and e-literacy
Digital services to citizens
E-Communities

Digital democracy

The e-shift expected -

Previous
Monopoly on
Information

Lengthy procedures
for Clearances

Multiple and non

accessible rules and
norms

IT seen outside
government

Future

Improved Relationships

Greater responsiveness
to applications - quick
approvals

Single Window
Clearances

IT in government as
development
opportunity for private
sector

Implementing e-governance

--

WHAT - applications to begin with

For WHOM
HOW do you want to go about it

Most important -Start Simple, Grow Fast

Different stake holders --

Government

Civil Society

Businesses

While planning EG --

Encourage local languages in the process

Define scope of IT in government
processes

Undertake substantive reforms before EG

Use of RDBMS systems
Develop a uniform citizen code

E-dreams from EG -

Cost savings - up to 20 percent by operating their

supply chains on the web - if private can, why cant I
Voter-friendly form of communication, slicing through
bureaucratic complexities and departmental
boundaries
Internet be made to act as the ultimate policeman so that no one can hide taxes
Force business enterprises - large and small - to
modernize

Why EG - Single window interaction

Grievance handling system
Electronic work flow
providing access to the top administrators
to drill down layers of data

EG areas to begin with -* vehicle registration

*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*

land records
birth and death registrations
employment exchanges
payment of excise duty
sales tax and local tax
electronic bill payment of water and electricity
computerization of health records
relevant education through internet
work of Police and Police Stations

* criminal Justice

EG and rural priority -

Agricultural sector

Mail

Weather forecasting at district

level

Health & Medicine

Price of commodities in all major

centres of the State and other
States.

Land Records

Police Stations, Crime and

Crime Records

Crop Disease Management

Crop loans

Natural
calamities
Emergencies

Educational Opportunities

Income or Caste certificates

Employment opportunities etc

and

EG and Urban population -

Electricity bills

Telephone Bills

Gas Bills

Water Bills

Property tax payment / records

Road Tax

Fines

Sales Tax

Other taxes and charges

Who wants EG -

The EG has nothing to do with Bill Gates or IT

Where is our own willingness to reduce corruption and
bring transparency
We dislike transparency - politicians, bureaucrats, and
businesspersons
PAN not completed in 5-10 years - benami txns
Downloadable forms - death knell of corrupt

Will they ever permit EG to take over ?

EG Transformation Paradigms

Efficient Government -- Effective Govt

Public Administration -- Public Service

Regulation -- Promotion

One stop service -- Zero stop service

No Input, No Output -- No outcome, No

Income

The bottomline

Since IT is crucial in promoting

transparency,
participation,
and
efficiency in government, there has to be
:

Political resolve
Technological competence, and
Allocation of resources

for EG to succeed

And --

Change is the only constant paradigm

Change is impossible when the janta is ..

Stubborn
Calculative
Strong

There is no substitute for good leadership.

And --- On the flip side we have -

Non-updated sites - 7/8 months old data

Static information without offering any
assistance to public
Dysfunctional links, blank pages
Lack of interactivity

Obstacles to E-Governance -

Resistance to change in the mind-set

Popular political decisions and appeasement of vote bank
Availability of funds and experience to implement e-governance
solutions
Non-uniformity of records in public offices
Political will to enforce discipline in public offices
Lack of ICT Infrastructure
Level of IT literacy
Past experiences of interaction with government
Non-uniform growth of various regions of a state
Marginalized sections of the society
Lack of trust among general public
Non-professional approach of polity

E-Governance : India is getting SMART

Many states are known to be having breakthrough

applications in e-Governance

Andhra Pradesh
Bihar
Chattisgarh
Delhi
Gujarat
Karnataka
Madhya Pradesh
Etc.

- Land Records, OLTP, e-Proc

- Sales Tax Admn
- Treasury Office
- RCS Office, Vehicle Tracking
- Tender Notices
- Bhoomi
- Mandi Board, Gyandoot

Some E-governance Initiatives

State/Union
Territory

Initiatives covering departmental automation,

user charge collection, delivery of policy/
programme information and delivery of
entitlements

Andhra Pradesh

e-Seva, CARD, VOICE, MPHS, FAST, e-Cops, AP

onlineOne-stop-shop on the Internet,Saukaryam,
Online Transaction processing

Bihar

Sales Tax Administration Management Information

Chattisgarh

Chhattisgarh Infotech Promotion Society, Treasury

office, e-linking project

Delhi

Automatic Vehicle Tracking System,

Computerisation of website of RCS office, Electronic
Clearance System, Management Information
System for Education etc

Goa

Dharani Project

Gujarat

Mahiti Shakti, request for Government documents

online, Form book online, G R book online, census
online, tender notice.

Some E-governance Initiatives

State/Union
Territory

Initiatives covering departmental automation,

user charge collection, delivery of policy/
programme information and delivery of
entitlements

Haryana

Nai Disha

Himachal
Pradesh

Lok Mitra

Karnataka

Bhoomi, Khajane, Kaveri

Kerala

e-Srinkhala, RDNet, Fast, Reliable, Instant,

Efficient Network for the Disbursement of
Services (FRIENDS)

Some E-governance Initiatives

State/Union
Territory

Initiatives covering departmental automation,

user charge collection, delivery of policy/
programme information and delivery of
entitlements

Madhya
Pradesh

Gyandoot, Gram Sampark, Smart Card in

Transport Department, Computerization MP State
Agricultural Marketing Board (Mandi Board) etc

Maharashtra

SETU, Online Complaint Management

SystemMumbai

Rajasthan

Jan Mitra, RajSWIFT, Lokmitra, RajNIDHI

Tamil Nadu

Rasi MaiyamsKanchipuram; Application

forms related to public utility, tender notices
and display

NeGP Approval

The Government approved the National eGovernance Plan (NeGP), comprising of 27

Mission Mode Projects (MMPs) and 10
components, on May 18, 2006.
The Government has accorded approval to the
vision, approach, strategy, key components
and implementation framework for the NeGP.
However, the approval of the NeGP does not
constitute a financial approval for all the MMPs
and components under it.

NeGP vision

Make all Government services accessible to

the common man in his locality, through
common service delivery outlets and ensure
efficiency, transparency & reliability of such
services at affordable costs to realize the basic
needs of the common man
NISG IS PLAYING A KEY ROLE IN ALL
MMPs AT THE Centre/State Level.

Implementation Strategy

Integrated Approach
Implementation Framework

Integrated Approach

Implementation Framework

Considering the multiplicity of agencies involved in the

implementation of NeGP and the need for overall
aggregation and integration at the national level, it has
been decided to implement NeGP as a programme, with
well-defined roles & responsibilities of each agency
involved, and to create an appropriate programme
management structure. For the effective management of
the NeGP, a programme management structure with welldefined roles and responsibilities has been approved. The
Key components and features of the Programme
Management structure are:

Central MMPs

Banking
Central Excise & Customs
Income Tax (IT)
Insurance
MCA21(Ministry of Company Affairs)
National Citizen Database (NCD/MNIC)/ UNIQUE ID
(UID)
Passport, Immigration & Visa
Pension
e-OFFICE

CBEC - MMPs

The Central Board for Excise and Customs (CBEC) is

implementing this MMP with a view to facilitate trade and
industry by streamlining and simplifying Customs & Excise
processes and helping Indian businesses to enhance its
competitiveness and create a climate for voluntary
compliance by providing guidance and building mutual trust.
This project intends to enable the taxpayers with up to date
information relating to Customs, Central Excise, Service Tax
Laws, forms etc. through internet. It will also enable online
transaction, electronic filing, and web tracking of documents
and even electronic credit of the drawback amount directly
into their account.

The project aims to network 20,000 users in 245 cities using

wide area network. Some of the services proposed to be
covered in the MMP are:
Simplification of Registration, Returns, Revenue
reconciliation and Exports procedure
Movement towards integration of goods and service taxation
E-Registration for excise and service tax
E-filing of returns and refunds
Integration of e-filing with system driven, Risk based Scrutiny
Export facilitation through linkages between Excise and
Customs
Improved Dispute Resolution Mechanism
Monitoring of arrears and their recovery
Central Excise Revenue Reconciliation

INCOME TAX MMPs

The Department of IT is implementing a comprehensive plan to deploy ICT for

setting up an excellent taxpayer service with the objective of promoting remote
access to information and facilities to allow taxpayers and citizens to transact
all businesses with department on anywhere anytime basis. These include
creation of national database, data centres, jurisdiction free filing of returns,
online status of accounts and refunds. Some of the services proposed to be
covered in the MMP are:
Submission of returns online
Tax Accounting
Processing of tax return
Processing of TDS return
Taxpayer grievance redressal
Taxpayer correspondence
Tax compliance
Allocation of PAN
Central Board of Direct Taxes, Ministry of Finance

State MMPs

Agriculture
Commercial Taxes
e-District
Employment Exchange
Land Records
Municipalities
Panchayats
Police
Property Registration
Road Transport
Treasuries

GIS and EG -

What-if' analysis on a map showing roads/population, etc.

Study the geographical features in as much detail as you like

Measure distances and determine alternative routes

Study the different terrain and inter-state borders

Optimize the locations of industrial estates

Deforestation structure

Study the hostility zones for a problem

Study the growth of population, spread of a disease, etc.

Study the agricultural produce patterns

Management of natural resources

Some of the key themes as highlighted by this study include

:
Governments are realizing their visions at different rates
of progress
Governance structures are getting more and more
sophisticated
Customer Relationship Management is gaining currency
Security and Privacy are of paramount importance
Wireless Technology will be the next wave of
eGovernment