‘r9n016 Collapse menu 1 Analytic Geometry “aw 2 Instantaneous Rate of ‘Change: The Derivative 3 Rules for Finding Derivatives 4 Transcendental Functions 5 Curve Sketching 6 Applications of the Derivative “aa ‘Integration 8 Techniques of Integratiol 9 Applications of Integration 10 Polar Coordinates, Parametric Equations waa 11 Sequences and Series 12 Three Dimensions 13 Vector Functions 14 Partial Differentiation 15 Multiple Integration 16 Vector Calculus 17 Differential Equations 1 First Order Differential Equations 2. First Order Homogeneous Linear Equations 3. First Order Linear Equations 4, Approximation 5, Second Order Homogeneous Equations 6, Second Order Linear Equations 7. Second Order Linear Equations, take two Dann na 18 Useful formulas = 17.2 First Order Homogeneous Linear Equations ‘Home » Differential Equations » First Order Homogeneous Linear Equations Search the book 17.2 First Order Homogeneous Linear Equations [Jump to exercises) ep» A simple, but important and useful, type of separable equation is the first order homogeneous linear equation: Definition 17.2.1 A first order homogeneous linear differential equation is one of the form y + p(t)y = 0 or equivalently y = —p(t)y. "Linear" in this definition indicates that both y and y occur (o the first power; "homogeneous" refers to the zero on the right hand side of the first form of the equation. Example 17.2.2 The equation y = 2¢(25 — y) can be written y + 2ty = 50¢. This is linear, but not homogencous. The equation 4 4 — ky = 0 is linear and homogeneous, with a particularly simple p(t) = —k. ky, or Because first order homogeneous linear equations are separable, we can solve them in the usual way: y= —p(t)y / 5 dy f —plt) dt In|y| = P(t) +0 ya eer y= AeP, where P(t) is an anti-derivative of —p(t). As in previous examples, if we allow A = 0 we get the constant solution y = 0. Example 17.2.3 Solve the initial value problems y + ycost (0) = 1/2 and y(2) = 1/2. We start with PW) = [-costae —sint, so the general solution to the differential equation is Aen st, y ipsuhwenw titman edulmathematcslalculus_erlinelsectont7 02 Hel us‘r9n016 | > Collapse menu 1 Analytic Geometry ¥ 2instantancousRateot ‘Change: The Derivative 3 Rules for Finding = Derivatives “ 4 Transcendental Functions “ 5 Curve Sketching “ 6 Applications of the Derivative ‘Integration 8 Techniques of Integration 9 Applications of Integration 10 Polar Coordinates, Parametric Equations waa 11 Sequences and Series 12 Three Dimensions 13 Vector Functions 14 Partial Differentiation 15 Multiple Integration 16 Vector Caleulus 17 Differential Equations 1 First Order Differential Equations 2. First Order Homogeneous Linear Equations 3. First Order Linear Equations 4, Approximation 5, Second Order Homogeneous Equations 6, Second Order Linear Equations 7. Second Order Linear Equations, take two 18 Useful formulas = Dann na ipsuhwenw titman edulmathematcslalculus_erlinelsectont7 02 Hel ‘17.2 Fiet Order Homogensass Liner Equatens To compute A we substitute: 1 so the solutions is <== For the second problem, i 2 A so the solution is Example 17.2.4 Solve the initial value problem yy + 3y = 0, y(1) = 2, assuming t > 0. We write the equation in standard form: 9 + 3y/t = 0. Then P(t) = [fe =-3Int and y= Aes = Ars, Substituting to find A: 2 = A(1)~* = A, so the solution is y = 267°. Exercises 17.2 Find the general solution of each equation in 1-4, Ex 17.2.1 9 + 5y = 0 (answer) y= Ae Ex 17.2.2 9 — 2y = 0 (answer) y= Ae™ y Ex 17.23 y x vie 0 (answer)‘r9n016 Collapse menu 1 Analytic Geometry 2 Instantaneous Rate of ‘Change: The Derivative 3 Rules for Finding Derivatives 4 Transcendental Functions 5 Curve Sketching 6 Applications of the Derivative ‘Integration 8 Techniques of Integration 9 Applications of Integration 10 Polar Coordinates, Parametric Equations 11 Sequences and Series 12 Three Dimensions 13 Vector Functions 14 Partial Differentiation 15 Multiple Integration 16 Vector Caleulus 17 Differential Equations 1. First Order Differential Equations 2. First Order Homogeneous Linear Equations 3. First Order Linear Equations 4, Approximation 5, Second Order Homogeneous Equations take two 18 Useful formulas | > 6, Second Order Linear Equations 7. Second Order Linear Equations, waa Dann na = 17.2 First Order Homogenenus Linear Equations = Aen stent Ex 17.2.4 9 + t?y = 0 (answer) Ae? !® In 5-14, solve the initial value problem. Ex 17.2.5 y + y = 0, y(0) = 4 (answer) =4et Ex 17.2.6 y — 3y = 0, y(1) = —2 (answer) 208-3 Ex 17.2.7 9 + ysin: eltenst Ex 17.2.8 9 + ye’ = 0, y(0) = e (answer) 0, y(0) = 0 (answer) Ex 17.2.10 y + ycos(e" 0, y(0) = 0 (answer) Ex 17.2.1 ty — 2y = 0, y(1) = 4 (answer) at? Ex 17.2.12 ?y + y=0, y(1) = —2, t > 0 (answer) ipsuhwenw titman edulmathematcslalculus_erlinelsectont7 02 Hel t 4‘r9n016 | ——> Collapse ment 1 Analytic Geometry = 2InstantancousRateot ‘Change: The Derivative 3 Rulles for Finding = Derivatives 4 Transcendental Functions ¥| 5 Curve Sketching ¥ 6 Applications of the ¥ Derivative ‘Integration 8 Techniques of Integratiol 9 Applications of Integration 10 Polar Coordinates, Parametric Equations waa 11 Sequences and Series 12 Three Dimensions 13 Vector Functions 14 Partial Differentiation 15 Multiple Integration 16 Vector Calculus 17 Differential Equations 1 First Order Differential Equations 2. First Order Homogeneous Linear Equations 3. First Order Linear Equations 4, Approximation 5, Second Order Homogeneous Equations 6, Second Order Linear Equations 7. Second Order Linear Equations, take two 18 Useful formulas = Dann na ipsuhwenw titman edulmathematcslalculus_erlinelsectont7 02 Hel 17.2 First Order Homogenenus Linear Equations —2¢(t/t-1 Ex 17.2.13 t8y = 2y, y(1) = 1, > 0 (answer) et t 4 Ex 17.214 ty 2y, y(1) = 0, t > 0 (answer) Ex 17.2.15 A function y(t) is a solution of y + ky = 0. Suppose that y(0) = 100 and (2) = 4. Find k and find y(t). (answer) Ex 17.2.16 A function y(t) is a solution of y + t"y = 0. Suppose that y(0) = Land y(1) =e". Find k and find y(t). (answer) Ex 17.2.17 A bacterial culture grows at a rate proportional to its population. If the population is one million at ¢ = 0 and 1.5 million at t = 1 hour, find the population as a fumetion of time, (answer) Ex 17.2.18 A radioactive element decays with a half-life of 6 years. Ifa mass of the element weighs ten pounds at ¢ = 0, find the amount of the element at time t, (answer)