ch18 PDF

CHAPTER 18
REVENUE RECOGNITION
CHAPTER LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1.
Understand revenue recognition issues.
2.
Identify the five steps in the revenue recognition process.
3.
Identify the contract with customers.
4.
Identify the separate performance obligations in the contract.
5.
Determine the transaction price.
6.
Allocate the transaction price to the separate performance obligations.
7.
Recognize revenue when the company satisfies its performance obligation.
8.
Identify other revenue recognition issues.
9.
Describe presentation and disclosure regarding revenue.
*10.
Apply the percentage-of-completion method for long-term contracts.
*11.
Apply the cost-recovery method for long-term contracts.
*12.
Identify the proper accounting for losses on long-term contracts.
*13.
Explain revenue recognition for franchises.
18 - 2
Test Bank for Intermediate Accounting, IFRS Edition, 2e
TRUE-FALSEConceptual
1.
The new revenue recognition standard adopted a liability approach as the basis for
revenue recognition.
2.
Revenue is recognized in the accounting period when the performance obligation is

satisfied.
3.
The first step in the revenue recognition process is to identify the separate performance
obligations in the contract.
4.
Revenue from a contract with a customer cannot be recognized until a contract exists.
5.
Whether a contract modification is treated as a separate performance obligation or

prospectively, the same amount of revenue is recognized before and after the modification.
6.
If the performance obligation is not highly dependent on, or interrelated with, other
promises in the contract, then each performance obligation should be accounted for
separately.
7.
A performance obligation is a written guarantee in a contract to provide a product or

service to a customer.
8.
Companies always use the expected value, a probability-weighted amount, to estimate

variable consideration.
9.
When a sales transaction involves a significant financing component, the fair value is
determined either by measuring the consideration received or by discounting the payment
using an imputed interest rate.
10.
Companies rarely have to allocate the transaction price to more than one performance
obligation in a contract.
11.
When a company sells a bundle of goods at a discount, the discount should be allocated to
the product that caused the discount and not to the entire bundle.
Revenue Recognition
18 - 3
12.
A company recognizes revenue from a performance obligation over time by measuring the
progress toward completion.
13.
A company can only satisfy its performance obligations at a point in time.
14.
When a company sells a product but gives the buyer the right to return it, revenue should
not be recognized until the sale is collected.
15.
Warranties that the product meets agreed-upon specifications in the contract at the time
the product is sold are referred to as assurance-type warranties.
16.
A contract liability is a companys obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for

which the company has received consideration from the customer.
*17.
The most popular input measure used to determine the progress toward completion in
long-term contracts is the cost-to-cost basis.
*18.
If the difference between the Construction in Process and the Billings on Construction in
Process account balances is a debit, the difference is reported as a current asset.
*19.
The Construction in Process account includes only construction costs under the
percentage-of-completion method.
*20.
Under the cost-recovery method, companies recognize costs only when the contract is
completed.
*21.
The principal advantage of the cost-recovery method is that reported revenue reflects final
results rather than estimates.
*22.
Companies must recognize the entire expected loss on an unprofitable contract in the
current period under the percentage-of-completion method but not the cost-recovery
method.
*23.
A loss in the current period on a profitable contract must be recognized under both the
percentage-of-completion and cost-recovery method.
*24.
Neither the Billings account balance nor the Construction in Process account balance can
exceed the long-term contract price.
*25.
The provision for a loss on an unprofitable contract may be combined with the Construction
in Process account balance under percentage-of-completion but not cost-recovery.
True-False AnswersConceptual
Item
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Ans.
F
T
F
T
T
Item
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Ans.
T
F
F
T
F
Item
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Ans.
T
T
F
F
T
Item
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
Ans.
T
T
T
F
F
Item
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
Ans.
T
F
F
T
F
18 - 4
MULTIPLE CHOICEConceptual
26.
To address inconsistencies and weaknesses, a comprehensive revenue recognition model

was developed entitled the
a. Revenue Recognition Principle.
b. Principle-based Revenue Accounting.
c. Rules-based Revenue Accounting.
d. Revenue from Contracts with Customers.
27.
The converged standard on revenue recognition

a. reduces the number of disclosures required for revenue reporting.
b. increases the complexity of financial statement preparation.
c. recognizes and measures revenue based on changes in assets and liabilities.
d. simplifies revenue recognition practices across entities and industries.
28.
The first step in the process for revenue recognition is to

a. determine the transaction price.
b. identify the contract with the customer.
c. allocate the transaction price to the separate performance obligations.
d. identify the separate performance obligations in the contract.
29.
The second step in the process for revenue recognition is to

a. allocate transaction price to the separate performance obligations.
b. determine the transaction price.
c. identify the contract with customers.
d. identify the separate performance obligations in the contract.
30.
The third step in the process for revenue recognition is to

a. determine the transaction price.
b. identify the separate performance obligations in the contract.
c. allocate transaction price to the separate performance obligations.
d. recognize revenue when each performance obligation is satisfied.
31.
The fourth step in the process for revenue recognition is to

a. recognize revenue when each performance obligation is satisfied.
b. identify the separate performance obligations in the contract.
c. allocate transaction price to the separate performance obligations.
d. determine the transaction price.
32.
The last step in the process for revenue recognition is to

a. allocate transaction price to the separate performance obligations.
b. recognize revenue when each performance obligation is satisfied.
c. determine the transaction price.
d. identify the contract with customers.
33.
A contract
a. must be in writing to be an enforceable contract.
b. is an agreement that creates enforceable rights and obligations.
c. is enforceable if each party can unilaterally terminate the contract.
d. does not need to have commercial substance.
Revenue Recognition
18 - 5
34.
Revenue from a contract with a customer

a. is recognized when the customer receive the rights to receive consideration.
b. is recognized even if the contract is still wholly unperformed.
c. can be recognized even when a contract is still pending.
d. cannot be recognized until a contract exists.
35.
Signing of the contract by the two parties is

a. not recorded until one or both parties perform under the contract.
b. recorded at the time the contract is approved by both parties.
c. not recorded until both parties perform under the contract.
d. recorded immediately after the contract is signed.
36.
On January 15, 2015, Bella Vista Company enters into a contract to build custom
equipment for ABC Carpet Company. The contract specified a delivery date of March 1.
The equipment was not delivered until March 31. The contract required full payment of
$75,000 30 days after delivery. This contract should be
a. recorded on January 15, 2015.
b. recorded on March 1, 2015.
c. recorded on March 31, 2015.
d. recorded on April 30, 2015.
37.
A company must account for a contract modification as a new contract if

a. Goods or services are interdependent on each other.
b. The promised goods or services are distinct.
c. The company has the right to receive consideration equal to standalone price.
d. Goods or services are distinct and company has right to receive the standalone price.
38.
When a contract modification does not result in a separate performance obligation, the
additional products are priced at the
a. standalone price of the product.
b. blended price of original contract and contract modification.
c. average selling price of original selling price and standalone price.
d. selling price specified in contract modification
39.
A performance obligation exists when

a. a company receives the right to receive consideration.
b. a contract is approved and signed.
c. a company provides a distinct product or service.
d. a company provides interdependent product or service.
40.
When multiple performance obligations exists in a contract, they should be accounted for
as a single performance obligation when
a. each service is interdependent and interrelated.
b. the performance obligations are distinct but interdependent.
c. the product is distinct within the contract.
d. determination cannot be made.
18 - 6
41.
New Age Computers manufactures and sells pagers and radio paging systems which
include a 180 day warranty on product defects. It also sells an extended warranty which
provides an additional two years of protection. On May 10, it sold a paging system for
$3,850 and an extended warranty for another $1,200. The journal entry to record this
transaction would include
a. a credit to Service Revenue of $5,050.
b. a credit to Service Revenue of $1,200
c. a credit to Sales of $3,850 and a credit to Service Revenue of $1,200
d. a credit to Unearned Service Revenue of $1,200.
42.
Seadrill Engineering licensed software to oil-drilling firms for 5 years. In addition to

providing the software, the company also provides consulting services and support to
ensure smooth operation of the software. The total transaction price is $350,000. Based on
standalone values, the company estimates the consulting services and support have a
value of $100,000 and the software license has a value of $250,000. Assuming the
performance obligations are not interdependent, the journal entry to record the transaction
includes
a. a credit to Sales Revenue for $250,000 and a credit to Unearned Service Revenue of
$100,000.
b. a credit to Service Revenue of $100,000.
c. a credit to Unearned Service Revenue of $100,000.
d. a credit to Sales Revenue of $350,000.
43.
The transaction price

a. excludes discounts, volume rebates, coupons and free products, or services.
b. is the amount of consideration that a company expects to receive from a customer
c. excludes time value of money if the contract involves a significant financing component.
d. does not consider noncash consideration such as donations, gifts, equipment or labor.
44.
Companies can use the expected value to estimate variable consideration when
a. the contract has only two possible outcomes.
b. a company has a small number of contracts with similar characteristics.
c. a company can use the most likely amount in a range of possible outcomes.
d. a company has a large number of contracts with similar characteristics.
45.
If a contract involves a significant financing component,

a. the time value of money is used to determine the fair value of the transaction.
b. the time value of money is not required to determine transaction price, if the payment is
more than a year.
c. the transaction amount should be based on the current sales price of goods or
services.
d. interest is not accrued as a result of the financing component.
46.
Noncash consideration should be

a. recognized on the basis of fair value of what is given up.
b. recognized on the basis of original cost paid by customer.
c. recognized on the basis of fair value of what is received.
d. recognized on the basis of fair value of equivalent goods or services.
Revenue Recognition
18 - 7
47.
Consideration paid or payable to customers

a. includes volume rebates which increases the cost to the customer.
b. includes discounts which reduces the cost of purchases to the company.
c. reduces the consideration received and the revenue to be recognized.
d. includes prompt settlement discount which increases revenues.
48.
The transaction price for multiple performance obligations should be allocated

a. based on selling price from the companys competitors.
b. based on what the company could sell the goods for on a standalone basis.
c. based on forecasted cost of satisfying performance obligation.
d. based on total transaction price less residual value.
49.
When the bundle price is less than the sum of the standalone prices, the discount should
be allocated to
a. the product (or products) associated with the discount.
b. the entire bundle of products or services.
c. the product cost, thereby increasing product margin.
d. the selling price of product or services provided.
50.
A company has satisfied its performance obligation when the

a. company has received payment for goods or services.
b. company has significant risks and rewards of ownership.
c. company has legal title to the asset.
d. company has transferred physical possession of the asset.
51.
The most popular input measure used to determine the progress toward completion is
a. units-of-delivery method.
b. cost-to-cost basis.
c. labor hours worked.
d. tons produced.
52.
The cost-to-cost basis measures progress towards completion by

a. comparing costs incurred to date with total costs to complete the contract.
b. tracking results of work completed to date; it is an output measure.
c. tracking floors of a building completed versus floors still to be completed.
d. tracking miles of a highway completed versus miles of highway still to be completed.
53.
When sales are made with a right of return, the company

a. should not recognize any revenue.
b. should recognize revenue for the full sales price.
c. records the returned asset in a separate inventory account.
d. record the estimated returns in the Sales Returns account.
54.
When a company has an obligation or right to repurchase an asset for an amount greater
than or equal to its selling price, the transaction should be treated as a
a. outright sale.
b. financing transaction.
c. repurchase transaction.
d. put option.
18 - 8
55.
When a customer purchases a product but is not yet ready to accept delivery, this is
referred to as
a. a repurchase agreement.
b. a consignment.
c. a principal-agent relationship.
d. a bill-and-hold arrangement
56.
The role of the agent in a Principal-Agent relationship is to

a. arrange for the principal to provide goods or services to a customer.
b. provide the goods or services for a customer.
c. market the principal goods and services to prospective customers.
d. develop and maintain goodwill of the principals customers.
57.
The use of the net method of recognizing revenue by an agent

a. is appropriate as long as both revenue and costs are included.
b. is the correct method in a principal-agent relationship.
c. could result in an overstatement of the agents revenue.
d. could result in an understatement of the agents revenue.
58.
Consignments are a specialized marketing method whereby the

a. Consignee purchases goods for sale and sends payment when goods are sold.
b. Consignee (agent) holds title to the product.
c. Consignee pays for good up front and is paid when merchandise is sold.
d. Consignee takes possession of merchandise but title remains with manufacturer.
59.
Consigned goods are recognized as revenues by the

a. consignor when a sale to a third party has occurred.
b. consignor when the merchandise has been shipped to a consignee.
c. consignee when a sale to a third party has occurred.
d. consignor when it receives payment from consignee for goods sold.
60.
A warranty provided when a customer exercises an option to purchase a warranty is

recorded as
a. an expense in the period the goods or services are sold.
b. a warranty liability for all costs incurred after sale due to correction of defects.
c. revenue in the period that the service-type warranty is in effect.
d. an assurance type warranty which is included in the sales price of the product.
61.
Nonrefundable upfront fees

a. should be recognized immediately upon receipt of payment.
b. such as activation fees for cable should be recognized as revenue immediately.
c. such as a one-time initiation fee in a health club should be recognized immediately.
d. should not be recorded as revenue at the time of payment if they are for future delivery
of products and services.
Revenue Recognition
18 - 9
62.
Entertainment Tonight, Inc. manufactures and sells stereo systems that include an
assurance-type warranty for the first 90 days. Entertainment Tonight also offers an optional
extended coverage plan under which it will repair or replace any defective part for 2 years
beyond the expiration of the assurance-type warranty. The total transaction price for the
sale of the stereo system and the extended warranty is $3,000. The standalone price of
each is $2,300 and $800, respectively. The estimated cost of the assurance-warranty is
$350. The accounting for warranty will include a
a. debit to Warranty Expense, $800.
b. debit to Warranty Liability, $350
c. credit to Warranty Liability, $800
d. credit to Unearned Warranty Revenue, $800
63.
Unconditional rights to receive consideration because a performance obligation has been

satisfied are
a. reported as a receivable on the statement of financial position.
b. reported as a contract asset on the statement of financial position.
c. reported as a contract liability on the statement of financial position.
d. are not reported on the balance sheet.
64.
Partial satisfaction of a multiple performance obligation is reported on the statement of

financial position as
a. contract liability.
b. receivable.
c. contract asset.
d. unearned service revenue.
65.
Contract liability is a companys obligations to transfer goods or services to a customer for

which the company has received consideration from the customer. An example of a
contract liability is
a. Prepaid subscription.
b. Unearned magazine subscription.
c. Mortgage Payable.
d. Service Revenue.
66.
On July 31, OMalley Company contracted to have two products built by Taylor
Manufacturing for a total of $185,000. The contract specifies that payment will only occur
after both products have been transferred to OMalley Company. OMalley determines that
the standalone prices are $100,000 for Product 1 and $85,000 for Product 2. On August 1,
when Product 1 has been transferred, the journal entry to record this event include a
a. debit to Accounts Receivable for $100,000.
b. debit to Accounts Receivable for $85,000.
c. debit to Contract Assets for $85,000.
d. debit to Contract Assets for $100,000.
67.
Disclosure related to revenue

a. does not require capitalized costs to obtain and fulfill a contract.
b. does not require judgments that affect amount and timing of revenues from contracts.
c. requires disclosure of remaining performance obligations.
d. requires disclosure of average balance of contract assets.
18 - 10 Test Bank for Intermediate Accounting, IFRS Edition, 2e

*68.
The percentage-of-completion method

a. recognizes revenue and gross profit each period based upon progress.
b. is used primarily for short-term contracts.
c. accumulates construction costs in the Billings on Construction in Progress account.
d. recognizes revenue and gross profits only when contract is completed.
*69.
In selecting an accounting method for a newly contracted long-term construction project,

the principal factor to be considered should be
a. the terms of payment in the contract.
b. the degree to which a reliable estimate of the costs to complete and extent of progress
toward completion is practicable.
c. the method commonly used by the contractor to account for other long-term
construction contracts.
d. the inherent nature of the contractor's technical facilities used in construction.
*70.
How should the balances of progress billings and construction in process be shown at
reporting dates prior to the completion of a long-term contract?
a. Progress billings as deferred income, construction in progress as a deferred expense.
b. Progress billings as income, construction in process as inventory.
c. Net balance, as a current asset if debit balance, and current liability if credit balance.
d. Net balance, as income from construction if credit balance, and loss from construction if
debit balance.
*71.
In accounting for a long-term construction-type contract using the percentage-ofcompletion method, the gross profit recognized during the first year would be the estimated
total gross profit from the contract, multiplied by the percentage of the costs incurred during
the year to the
a. total costs incurred to date.
b. total estimated cost.
c. unbilled portion of the contract price.
d. total contract price.
*72.
The Billings on Construction in Progress account is a(n)

a. contract revenue account.
b. inventory account.
c. contra-inventory account.
d. construction expense account.
*73.
The principal advantage of the cost-recovery method is that

a. reported revenue is based on final results rather than estimates of unperformed work.
b. it reflects current performance when the period of a contract extends into more than
one accounting period.
c. it is not necessary to recognize revenue at the point of sale.
d. a greater amount of gross profit and net income is reported than is the case when the
percentage-of-completion method is used.
Revenue Recognition
18 - 11
*74.
Under the cost-recovery method

a. revenue, cost, and gross profit are recognized during the production cycle.
b. revenue and cost are recognized during the production cycle, but gross profit
recognition is deferred until the contract is completed.
c. revenue, cost, and gross profit are recognized at the time the contract is completed.
d. None of these answers are correct.
*75.
Cost estimates on a long-term contract may indicate that a loss will result on completion of
the entire contract. In this case, the entire expected loss should be
a. recognized in the current period, regardless of whether the percentage-of-completion or
cost-recovery method is employed.
b. recognized in the current period under the percentage-of-completion method, but the
cost-recovery method defers recognition of the loss to the time when the contract is
completed.
c. recognized in the current period under the cost-recovery method, but the percentageof-completion method defers the loss until the contract is completed.
d. deferred and recognized when the contract is completed, regardless of whether the
percentage-of-completion or cost-recovery method is employed.
*76.
Cost estimates at the end of the second year indicate that a loss will result on completion
of the entire contract. Which of the following statements is correct?
a. Under the cost-recovery method, the loss is not recognized until the year the
construction is completed.
b. Under the percentage-of-completion method, the gross profit recognized in the first
year does not affect the computation of loss for the second year.
c. Under the cost-recovery method, when the billings exceed the accumulated costs, the
amount of the estimated loss is reported as a current liability.
d. Under the cost-recovery method, when the Construction in Process balance exceeds
the billings, the estimated loss is added to the accumulated costs.
*77.
When there is a significant increase in the estimated total contract costs but the increase
does not eliminate all profit on the contract, which of the following is correct?
a. Under both the percentage-of-completion and the cost-recovery methods, the
estimated cost increase requires a current period adjustment of excess gross profit
recognized on the project in prior periods.
b. Under the percentage-of-completion method only, the estimated cost increase requires
a current period adjustment of excess gross profit recognized on the project in prior
periods.
c. Under the cost-recovery method only, the estimated cost increase requires a current
period adjustment of excess gross profit recognized on the project in prior periods.
d. No current period adjustment is required.
*78.
All revenue for franchise companies is derived from

a. assistance for site selection and negotiating lease.
b. bookkeeping and advisory services.
c. sale of initial franchise and continuing fees.
d. advertising and promotion.

*79.
Franchise fees should be recognized

a. on the date the contract was signed.
b. on the date the franchise is opened for business.
c. on the date the franchise fee is paid to franchisor.
d. when performance obligations are satisfied.
*80.
Revenue for sales-based royalty payments should be recognized

a. when the amount of sales can be determined.
b. on the date payment is received by the franchisor.
c. on the date the performance obligation is satisfied.
d. on the date the contract was signed.
*81.
Franchise revenue are recognized over time if

a. franchise rights are transferred at a point in time.
b. the franchisor is providing access to the right rather than transferring control.
c. performance obligations regarding franchise rights are completed when the franchise
opens.
d. the franchisee fee is payable upon signing of contract.
*82.
Types of franchising arrangements include all of the following except

a. service sponsor-retailer.
b. wholesaler-service sponsor.
c. manufacturer-wholesaler.
d. wholesaler-retailer.
*83.
Continuing franchise fees should be recorded by the franchisor

a. as revenue when uncertainty related to the variable consideration is resolved.
b. as revenue when received.
c. in accordance with the accounting procedures specified in the franchise agreement.
d. as revenue only after the balance of the initial franchise fee has been collected.
*84.
Occasionally a franchise agreement grants the franchisee the right to make future bargain
purchases of equipment or supplies. When recording the initial franchise fee, the franchisor
should
a. increase revenue recognized from the initial franchise fee by the amount of the
expected future purchases.
b. record a portion of the initial franchise fee as unearned revenue which will increase the
selling price when the franchisee subsequently makes the bargain purchases.
c. defer recognition of any revenue from the initial franchise fee until the bargain
purchases are made.
d. None of these answer choices are correct.
*85.
Franchise revenues are recognized over time if

a. franchise rights are transferred at a point in time.
b. the franchisee fee is payable upon signing of contract.
c. performance obligations regarding franchise rights are completed when the franchise
opens.
d. None of these answer choices are correct.
Revenue Recognition
18 - 13
Multiple Choice AnswersConceptual

Item
Ans.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
d
c
b
d
a
c
b
b
d
Item
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
Ans.
Item
a
c
d
b
c
a
d
a
b
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
Ans.
d
a
c
c
b
a
d
b
a
Item
Ans.
Item
Ans.
Item
Ans.
Item
Ans.
c
b
d
a
b
d
d
c
d
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
*68.
*69.
*70.
d
a
c
b
d
c
a
b
c
*71.
*72.
*73.
*74.
*75.
76.
77.
*78.
*79.
b
c
a
c
a
c
b
c
d
*80.
*81.
*82.
*83.
*84.
*85.
a
b
b
a
b
d
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
MULTIPLE CHOICEComputational
86.
Marle Construction enters into a contract with a customer to build a warehouse for
$850,000 on March 30, 20155 with a performance bonus of $50,000 if the building is
completed by July 31, 2015. The bonus is reduced by $10,000 each week that completion
is delayed. Marle commonly includes these completion bonuses in its contracts and, based
on prior experience, estimates the following completion outcomes:
Completed by
July 31, 2015
August 7, 2015
August 14, 2015
August 21, 2015
Probability
65%
25%
5%
5%
The transaction price for this transaction is

a.
b.
c.
d.
87.
$895,000
$850,000
$552,500
$585,000
On June 1, 2015, Johnson & Sons sold equipment to James Landscaping Services. In
exchange for a zero-interest bearing note with a face value of $55,000, with payment due
in 12 months. The fair value of the equipment on the date of sale was $50,000. The
amount of revenue to be recognized on this transaction in 2015 is
a. $55,000.
b. $5,000
c. $50,000
d. $50,000 sales revenue and $2,917 interest revenue.

88.
P & G Auto Parts sells parts to AAA Car Repair during 2015. P&G offers rebates of 2% on
purchases up to $30,000 and 3% on purchases above $30,000 if the customers purchases
for the year exceed $100,000. In the past, AAA normally purchases $150,000 in parts
during a calendar year. On March 25, 2015, AAA Car Repair purchased $37,000 of parts.
The journal entry to record the sale includes a
a. debit to Accounts Receivable for $37,000.
b. debit to Accounts Receivable for $36,260.
c. credit to Sales Revenue for $35,890.
d. credit to Sales Revenue for $36,260.
89.
Roche Pharmaceuticals entered into a licensing agreement with Zenith Lab for a new drug
under development. Roche will receive $6,750,000 if the new drug receives FDA approval.
Based on prior approval, Roche determines that it is 85% likely that the drug will gain
approval. The transaction price of this arrangement should be
a. $6,750,000.
b. $5,737,500.
c. $1,012,500.
d. $0 until approval is received.
90.
Meyer & Smith is a full-service technology company. They provide equipment, and
installation services as well as training. Customers can purchase any product or service
separately or as a bundled package. Container Corporation purchased computer
equipment, installation and training for a total cost of $120,000 on March 15, 2014.
Estimated standalone fair values of the equipment, installation, and training are $75,000,
$50,000, and $25,000 respectively. The transaction price allocated to equipment,
installation and training is
a. $75,000, $50,000, $25,000 respectively
b. $40,000, $40,000, $40,000 respectively
c. $120,000 for the entire bundle.
d. $60,000, $40,000 and $20,000 respectively.
91.
Meyer & Smith is a full-service technology company. They provide equipment, and
installation services as well as training. Customers can purchase any product or service
separately or as a bundled package. Container Corporation purchased computer
equipment, installation and training for a total cost of $120,000 on March 15, 2014.
Estimated standalone fair values of the equipment, installation and training are $75,000,
$50,000 and $25,000 respectively. The journal entry to record the transaction on March 15,
2014 will include a
a. credit to Sales Revenue for $120,000.
b. debit to Unearned Service Revenue of $25,000.
c. credit to Unearned Service Revenue of $20,000.
d. credit to Service Revenue of $50,000.
92.
Bella Pool Company sells prefabricated pools that cost $100,000 to customers for
$180,000. The sales price includes an installation fee, which is valued at $25,000. The fair
value of the pool is $160,000. The installation is considered a separate performance
obligation and is expected to take 3 months to complete. The transaction price allocated to
the pool and the installation is
a. $155,676 and $24,324 respectively
b. $160,000 and $25,000 respectively
c. $180,000 and $25,000 respectively
d. $138,378 and $21,622 respectively
Revenue Recognition
18 - 15
93.
Botanic Choice sell natural supplements to customers with an unconditional right of return
if they are not satisfied. The right of returns extends 60 days. On February 10, 2014, a
customer purchases $3,000 of products (cost $1,500). Assuming that based on prior
experience, estimated returns are 20%. The journal entry to record the sale and cost of
goods sold includes a
a. debit to Cash and a credit to Sales Revenue of $3,000.
b. credit to Refund Liability of $600 and a credit to Sales Revenue of $2,400.
c. debt to Cost of Goods Sold and credit to Inventory for $1,500.
d. credit to Estimated Inventory Returns of $300
94.
Botanic Choice sells natural supplements to customers with an unconditional right of return
if they are not satisfied. The right of returns extends 60 days. On February 10, 2014, a
customer purchases $3,000 of products (cost $1,500). Assuming that based on prior
experience, estimated returns are 20%. The journal entry to record the return of $200 of
merchandise includes a
a. credit to Refund Liability for $200.
b. credit to Returned Inventory for $100.
c. credit to Estimated Inventory Returns for $100.
d. debit to Estimated Inventory Returns for $100.
95.
On August 5, 2015, Famous Furniture shipped 20 dining sets on consignment to Furniture

Outlet, Inc. The cost of each dining set was $350. The cost of shipping the dining sets
amounted to $1,800 and was paid for by Famous Furniture. On December 30, 2014, the
consignee reported the sale of 15 dining sets at $850 each. The consignee remitted
payment for the amount due after deducting a 6% commission, advertising expense of
$300, and installation and setup costs of $390. The amount cash received by Famous
Furniture is
a. $12,750
b. $11,985
c. $11,295
d. $11,685
96.
On August 5, 2015, Famous Furniture shipped 20 dining sets on consignment to Furniture

Outlet, Inc. The cost of each dining set was $350 each. The cost of shipping the dining sets
amounted to $1,800 and was paid for by Famous Furniture. On December 30, 2015, the
consignee reported the sale of 15 dining sets at $850 each. The consignee remitted
payment for the amount due after deducting a 6% commission, advertising expense of
$300, and installation and setup costs of $390. The total profit on units sold for the
consignor is
a. $11,295
b. $4,695
c. $6,045
d. $9,945

97.
On November 1, 2015, Green Valley Farm entered into a contract to buy a $75,000
harvester from John Deere. The contract required Green Valley Farm to pay $75,000 in
advance on November 1, 2015. The harvester (cost of $55,000) was delivered on
November 30, 2014. The journal entry for John Deere to record the contract on November
1, 2015 includes a
a. credit to Accounts Receivable for $75,000.
b. credit to Sales Revenue for $75,000.
c. credit to Unearned Sales Revenue for $75,000.
d. debit to Unearned Sales Revenue for $75,000.
98.
On November 1, 2015, Green Valley Farm entered into a contract to buy a $75,000
harvester from John Deere. The contract required Green Valley Farm to pay $75,000 in
advance on November 1, 2015. The harvester (cost of $55,000) was delivered on
November 30, 2015. The journal entry for John Deere to record the delivery of the
equipment includes a
a. debit to Unearned Sales Revenue for $75,000.
b. credit to Unearned Sales Revenue for $75,000.
c. credit to Cost of Goods Sold for $55,000.
d. debit to Inventory for $55,000.
99.
Arizona Communications contracted to set up a call center for the City of Phoenix. Under
the terms of the contract, Arizona Communications will design and set-up a call center with
the following costs:
Design of call center
Computers, servers, telephone equipment
Software
Installation and testing of equipment
Selling commission
Annual service contract
$10,000
$275,000
$85,000
$15,000
$25,000
$50,000
In addition, Arizona Communications will maintain and service the equipment and software
to ensure smooth operations of the call center for an annual fee of $90,000. Ownership of
equipment installed remains with the City of Phoenix. The contract costs that should be
capitalized is
a. $460,000
b. $410,000
c. $360,000
d. $370,000
Use the following information for questions 100-103:
Seasons Construction is constructing an office building under contract for Cannon Company. The
contract calls for progress billings and payments of $1,240,000 each quarter. The total contract
price is $14,880,000 and Seasons estimates total costs of $14,200,000. Seasons estimates that
the building will take 3 years to complete, and commences construction on January 2, 2015.
Revenue Recognition
18 - 17
*100. At December 31, 2015, Seasons estimates that it is 30% complete with the construction,
based on costs incurred. What is the total amount of Revenue from Long-Term Contracts
recognized for 2015 and what is the balance in the Accounts Receivable account assuming
Cannon Company has not yet made its last quarterly payment?
Revenue
Accounts Receivable
a. $4,960,000
$4,960,000
b. $4,260,000
$ 1,240,000
c. $4,464,000
$ 1,240,000
d. $4,260,000
$4,960,000
*101. At December 31, 2015, Seasons Construction estimates that it is 75% complete with the
building; however, the estimate of total costs to be incurred has risen to $14,400,000 due
to unanticipated price increases. At December 31, 2014, Seasons estimated it was 30%
complete. What is the total amount of Construction Expenses that Seasons will recognize
for the year ended December 31, 2015?
a. $10,800,000
b. $6,300,000
c. $6,390,000
d. $6,540,000
*102. At December 31, 2015, Seasons Construction estimates that it is 75% complete with the
building; however, the estimate of total costs to be incurred has risen to $14,400,000 due
to unanticipated price increases. What is reported in the balance sheet at December 31,
2015 for Seasons as the difference between the Construction in Process and the Billings
on Construction in Process accounts, and is it a debit or a credit?
Difference between the accounts
Debit/Credit
a.
$3,380,000
Credit
b.
$1,240,000
Debit
c.
$880,000
Debit
d.
$1,240,000
Credit
*103. Seasons Construction completes the remaining 25% of the building construction on
December 31, 2016, as scheduled. At that time the total costs of construction are
$15,000,000. At December 31, 2015, the estimates were 75% complete and total costs of
$14,400,000. What is the total amount of Revenue from Long-Term Contracts and
Construction Expenses that Seasons will recognize for the year ended December 31,
2016?
Revenue
Expenses
a. $14,880,000
$15,000,000
b. $3,720,000
$ 3,750,000
c. $3,720,000
$ 4,200,000
d. $3,750,000
$ 3,750,000

The following information relates to questions 104 and 105.
Cooper Construction Company had a contract starting April 2015, to construct a $18,000,000
building that is expected to be completed in September 2017, at an estimated cost of $16,500,000.
At the end of 2015, the costs to date were $7,590,000 and the estimated total costs to complete
had not changed. The progress billings during 2015 were $3,600,000 and the cash collected
during 2015 was 2,400,000.
*104. For the year ended December 31, 2015, Cooper would recognize gross profit on the
building of:
a. $632,500
b. $690,000
c. $810,000
d. $0
*105. At December 31, 2015 Cooper would report Construction in Process in the amount of:
a. $690,000
b. $7,590,000
c. $8,280,000
d. $7,080,000
*106. Hayes Construction Corporation contracted to construct a building for $4,500,000.
Construction began in 2015 and was completed in 2016. Data relating to the contract are
summarized below:
Year ended
December 31,
2015
2016
Costs incurred
$1,800,000
$1,350,000
Estimated costs to complete
1,200,000
Hayes uses the percentage-of-completion method as the basis for income recognition. For
the years ended December 31, 2015, and 2016, respectively, Hayes should report gross
profit of
a. $810,000 and $540,000.
b. $2,700,000 and $1,800,000.
c. $900,000 and $450,000.
d. $0 and $1,350,000.
*107. Monroe Construction Company uses the percentage-of-completion method of accounting.
In 2015, Monroe began work on a contract it had received which provided for a contract
price of $25,000,000. Other details follow:
2015
Costs incurred during the year
$12,000,000
Estimated costs to complete as of December 31
8,000,000
Billings during the year
11,000,000
Collections during the year
6,500,000
What should be the gross profit recognized in 2015?
a. $1,000,000
b. $13,000,000
c. $3,000,000
d. $5,000,000
Revenue Recognition
18 - 19
Use the following information for questions 108 and 109.

In 2015, Fargo Corporation began construction work under a three-year contract. The contract
price is 4,800,000. Fargo uses the percentage-of-completion method for financial accounting
purposes. The income to be recognized each year is based on the proportion of costs incurred to
total estimated costs for completing the contract. The financial statement presentations relating to
this contract at December 31, 2015, follow:
Statement of Financial Position
Accounts receivableconstruction contract billings
Construction in progress
Less contract billings
Costs and recognized profit in excess of billings
200,000
600,000
480,000
Income Statement
Income (before tax) on the contract recognized in 2015
120,000
120,000
*108. How much cash was collected in 2015 on this contract?

a. 200,000
b. 280,000
c. 40,000
d. 480,000
*109. What was the initial estimated total income before tax on this contract?
a. 600,000
b. 640,000
c. 800,000
d. 960,000
*110. Adler Construction Co. uses the percentage-of-completion method. In 2015, Adler began
work on a contract for 6,600,000 and it was completed in 2016. Data on the costs are:
Year Ended December 31
2015
2016
Costs incurred
2,340,000
1,680,000
1,560,000
For the years 2015 and 2016, Adler should recognize gross profit in 2015 and 2016 of
a.
b.
c.
d.
2015
0
1,548,000
1,620,000
1,620,000
2016
2,580,000
1,032,000
960,000
2,580,000

Gomez, Inc. began work in 2015 on contract #3814, which provided for a contract price of
14,400,000. Other details follow:
2015
2016
2,400,000
7,350,000
Estimated costs to complete, as of December 31
7,200,000
0
Billings during the year
2,700,000
10,800,000
Collections during the year
1,800,000
11,700,000

*111. Assume that Gomez uses the percentage-of-completion method of accounting. The portion
of the total gross profit to be recognized as income in 2015 is
a. 900,000.
b. 1,200,000.
c. 3,600,000.
d. 4,800,000.
*112. Assume that Gomez uses the cost-recovery method of accounting. The portion of the total
gross profit to be recognized as income in 2016 is
a. 1,800,000.
b. 2,700,000.
c. 4,650,000.
d. 14,400,000.
Kiner, Inc. began work in 2015 on a contract for $16,800,000. Other data are as follows:
2015
2016
Costs incurred to date
$7,200,000
$11,200,000
4,800,000
Billings to date
5,600,000
16,800,000
Collections to date
4,000,000
14,400,000
*113. If Kiner uses the percentage-of-completion method, the gross profit to be recognized in
2015 is
a. $2,880,000.
b. $3,200,000.
c. $4,320,000.
d. $4,800,000.
*114. If Kiner uses the cost-recovery method, the gross profit to be recognized in 2016 is
a. $2,720,000.
b. $5,600,000.
c. $2,800,000.
d. $11,200,000.
*115. Horner Construction Co. uses the percentage-of-completion method. In 2015, Horner
began work on a contract for 16,500,000; it was completed in 2016. The following cost
data pertain to this contract:
Year Ended December 31
2015
2016
Cost incurred during the year
5,850,000
4,200,000
Estimated costs to complete at the end of year
3,900,000
The amount of gross profit to be recognized on the income statement for the year ended
December 31, 2016 is
a. 2,400,000.
b. 2,580,000.
c. 2,700,000.
d. 6,450,000.
Revenue Recognition
18 - 21
*116. If the cost-recovery method of accounting was used, the amount of gross profit to be
recognized for years 2015 and 2016 would be
a.
b.
c.
d.
2015
6,750,000.
6,450,000.
0.
0.
2016
0.
(300,000).
6,450,000.
6,750,000.
*117. Remington Construction Company uses the percentage-of-completion method. During

2015, the company entered into a fixed-price contract to construct a building for Sherman
Company for $24,000,000. The following details pertain to the contract:
Percentage of completion
Estimated total cost of contract
Gross profit recognized to date
At December 31, 2015

25%
$18,000,000
1,500,000
At December 31, 2016

60%
$20,000,000
2,400,000
The amount of construction costs incurred during 2016 was

a. $12,000,000.
b. $7,500,000.
c. $4,500,000.
d. $2,000,000.
Eilert Construction Company had a contract starting April 2015, to construct a 21,000,000
building that is expected to be completed in September 2016, at an estimated cost of 19,250,000.
At the end of 2015, the costs to date were 8,855,000 and the estimated total costs to complete
had not changed. The progress billings during 2015 were 4,200,000 and the cash collected
during 2015 was 2,800,000. Eilert uses the percentage-of-completion method.
*118. For the year ended December 31, 2015, Eilert would recognize gross profit on the building
of
a. 0.
b. 737,917.
c. 805,000.
d. 945,000.
*119. At December 31, 2015, Eilert would report Construction in Process in the amount of
a. 9,660,000.
b. 8,855,000.
c. 8,260,000.
d. 805,000.

*120. Douglas Diners Inc. charges an initial franchise fee of $90,000 broken down as follows:
Rights to trade name, market area, and proprietary know-how
Training services
Equipment (cost of $10,800)
Total initial franchise fee
$40,000
11,500
38,500
$90,000
Upon signing of the agreement, a payment of $40,000 is due. Thereafter, two annual
payments of $30,000 are required. The credit rating of the franchisee is such that it would
have to pay interest of 8% to borrow money. The franchise agreement is signed on August
1, 2014, and the franchise commences operation on November 1, 2014. Assuming that no
future services are required by the franchisor once the franchise begins operations, the
entry on November 1, 2014 would include
a. a credit to Unearned Franchise Revenue for $40,000.
b. a debit to Service Revenue for $11,500.
c. a debit to Sales Revenue for $38,500.
d. a debit to Unearned Franchise Revenue for $40,000.
*121. Douglas Diners Inc. charges an initial franchise fee of $90,000 broken down as follows:
Rights to trade name, market area, and proprietary know-how
Training services
Equipment (cost of $10,800)
Total initial franchise fee
$40,000
11,500
38,500
$90,000
Upon signing of the agreement, a payment of $40,000 is due. Thereafter, two annual
payments of $30,000 are required. The credit rating of the franchisee is such that it would
have to pay interest of 8% to borrow money. The franchise agreement is signed on August
1, 2015, and the franchise commences operation on November 1, 2015. Assume that the
total training fees includes training services for the period leading up to the franchise
opening ($5,500 value) and for 3 months following opening. The journal entry on August 1,
2015 would include
a. a credit to Unearned Service Revenue for $11,500.
b. a credit to Unearned Service Revenue for $6,000.
c. a debit to Sales Revenue for $38,500.
d. a debit to Unearned Franchise Revenue for $40,000.
Revenue Recognition
18 - 23
*122. On January 1, 2015 Dairy Treats, Inc. entered into a franchise agreement with a company
allowing the company to do business under Dairy Treats's name. Dairy Treats had
performed substantially all required services by January 1, 2015, and the franchisee paid
the initial franchise fee of $840,000 in full on that date. The franchise agreement specifies
that the franchisee must pay a continuing franchise fee of $72,000 annually, of which 20%
must be spent on advertising by Dairy Treats. What entry should Dairy Treats make on
January 1, 2015 to record receipt of the initial franchise fee and the continuing franchise
fee for 2015?
a. Cash.................................................................................... 912,000
Franchise Fee Revenue...........................................
840,000
Revenue from Franchise Fees.................................
72,000
b. Cash.................................................................................... 912,000
Unearned Franchise Fees........................................
912,000
c. Cash.................................................................................... 912,000
840,000
57,600
14,400
d. Prepaid Advertising..............................................................
14,400
Cash.................................................................................... 912,000
840,000
72,000
14,400
*123. Wynne Inc. charges an initial franchise fee of $1,840,000, with $400,000 paid when the
agreement is signed and the balance in five annual payments. The present value of the
future payments, discounted at 10%, is $1,091,744. The franchisee has the option to
purchase $240,000 of equipment for $192,000. Wynne has substantially provided all initial
services required and collectibility of the payments is reasonably assured. The amount of
revenue from franchise fees is
a. $ 400,000.
b. $1,443,744.
c. $1,491,744.
d. $1,840,000.
Multiple Choice AnswersComputational

Item
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
91.
92.
Ans.
a
d
c
b
d
c
a
Item
93.
94.
95.
96.
97.
98.
99.
Ans.
b
c
c
c
c
a
b
Item
*100.
*101.
*102.
*103.
*104.
*105.
*106.
Ans.
c
d
b
c
b
c
c
Item
*107.
*108.
*109.
*110.
*111.
*112.
*113.
Ans.
c
b
d
c
b
c
a
Item
*114.
*115.
*116.
*117.
*118.
*119.
*120.
Ans.
Item
Ans.
b
a
c
b
c
a
d
*121.
*122.
*123.
a
c
b
MULTIPLE CHOICECPA Adapted

124.
Green Construction Co. has consistently used the percentage-of-completion method of

recognizing revenue. During 2015, Green entered into a fixed-price contract to construct an
office building for $24,000,000. Information relating to the contract is as follows:
At December 31
2015
2016
Percentage of completion
15%
45%
Estimated total cost at completion
$18,000,000
$19,200,000
Gross profit recognized (cumulative)
1,200,000
2,880,000
Contract costs incurred during 2016 were
a. $5,760,000.
b. $5,940,000.
c. $6,300,000.
d. $8,640,000.
125.
Bruner Constructors, Inc. has consistently used the percentage-of-completion method of

recognizing income. In 2015, Bruner started work on a 42,000,000 construction contract
that was completed in 2016. The following information was taken from Bruner's 2014
accounting records:
Progress billings
Costs incurred
Collections
13,200,000
12,600,000
8,400,000
25,200,000
What amount of gross profit should Bruner have recognized in 2015 on this contract?
a. 4,200,000
b. 2,800,000
c. 2,100,000
d. 1,400,000
126.
During 2015, Gates Corp. started a construction job with a total contract price of
$14,000,000. The job was completed on December 15, 2015. Additional data are as follows:
Actual costs incurred during the year
Estimated remaining costs
Billed to customer
Received from customer
2015
$5,400,000
5,400,000
4,800,000
4,000,000
2016
$6,100,000
9,200,000
9,600,000
Under the cost-recovery method, what amount should Gates recognize as gross profit for
2016?
a. $900,000
b. $1,250,000
c. $1,900,000
d. $2,500,000
Multiple Choice AnswersCPA Adapted

Item
*124.
Ans.
Item
*125.
Ans.
Item
*126.
Ans.
Revenue Recognition
18 - 25
DERIVATIONS Computational
No. Answer
Derivation
86.
($900,000 .65) + ($890,000 .25) + ($880,000 .05) + ($870,000 .05) =

$895,000.
87.
($55,000 $50,000) 7/12 = $2,917.
88.
$37,000 ($37,000 .03) = $35,890.
89.
$6,750,000 .85 = $5,737,500.
90.
$75,000 + $50,000 + $25,000 = $150,000

$75,000/ $150,000 $120,000 = $60,000
$50,000/ $150,000 $120,000 = $40,000
$25,000/ $150,000 $120,000 = $20,000.
91.
$75,000 + $50,000 + $25,000 = $150,000

($25,000/ $150,000) $120,000 = $20,000.
92.
$160,000 + $25,000 = $185,000.

$160,000/ $185,000 $180,000 = $155,676
$25,000/ $185,000 $180,000 = $24,324.
93.
$3,000 .2 = $600; $3,000 $600 = $2,400.
94.
$1,500/ $3,000 = 5; $200 .5 = $100.
95.
(15 x $850) ($12,750 .06) $300 $390 = $11,295.
96.
$11,295 (15 $350) = $6,045.
97.
98.
99.
$10,000 + $275,000 + $85,000 + $15,000 + $25,000 = $410,000.
*100.
$14,880,000 .30 = $4,464,000.
*101.
($14,400,000 .75) ($14,200,000 .30) = $6,540,000.
*102.
($14,880,000 .75) ($1,240,000 8) = $1,240,000 debit.
*103.
$14,880,000 .25 = $3,720,000

$15,000,000 ($14,400,000 .75) = $4,200,000.
*104.
($18,000,000 $16,500,000) ($7,590,000 $16,500,000) = $690,000.
Revenue Recognition
*105.
$7,590,000 + $690,000 = $8,280,000.
*106.
$1,800,000
($4,500,000 $3,000,000) = $900,000
$1,800,000 + $1,200,000
18 - 27
($4,500,000 $3,150,000) $900,000 = $450,000.

*107.
$12,000,000
($25,000,000 $20,000,000) = $3,000,000.
$12,000,000 + $8,000,000
*108.
480,000 200,000 = 280,000.
*109.
600,000 120,000 = 480,000

480,000
(4,800,000 Total estimated cost) = 120,000
Total estimated cost
Total estimated cost = 3,840,000
4,800,000 3,840,000 = 960,000.
*110.
2,340,000
- (6,600,000 3,900,000) = 1,620,000
3,900,000
(6,600,000 4,020,000) 1,620,000 = 960,000.
*111.
2,400,000
(14,400,000 9,600,000) = 1,200,000.
9,600,000
*112.
$14,400,000 $9,750,000 = $4,650,000.
DERIVATIONS Computational (cont.)

No. Answer
Derivation
*113.
$7,200,000
($16,800,000 $12,000,000) = $2,880,000.
$12,000,000
*114.
$16,800,000 $11,200,000 = $5,600,000.
*115.
2014: [5,850,000 (5,850,000 + 3,900,000)] 6,750,000 = 4,050,000

2015: (16,500,000 10,050,000) 4,050,000 = 2,400,000.

*116.
2016: 16,500,000 10,050,000 = 6,450,000.
*117.
($20,000,000 .60) ($18,00,000 .25) = $7,500,000.
*118.
(8,855,000 19,250,000) 1,750,000 = 805,000.
*119.
(8,855,000 19,250,000) 1,750,000 = 805,000.

8,855,000 + 805,000 = 9,660.000.
*120.
*121.
*122.
Cash = $840,000 + $72,000 = $912,000

Franchise Fee Revenue = $840,000
Unearned Franchise Fees = $72,000 20% = $14,400
Revenue from Franchise Fees = $72,000 $14,400 = $57,600.
*123
$400,000 + $1,091,744 $48,000 = $1,443,744.
DERIVATIONS CPA Adapted

No. Answer
Derivation
*124.
($19,200,000 45%) ($18,000,000 15%) = $5,940,000.
*125.
$12,600,000
($42,000,000 $37,800,000) = $1,400,000.
$37,800,000
*126.
14,000,000 5,400,000 6,100,000 = 2,500,000.
Revenue Recognition
18 - 29
EXERCISES
Ex. 18-127Allocate transaction price.
Windsor Windows manufactures and sells custom storm windows for enclosed porches. Windsor
also provides installation service for the windows. The installation process does not involve
changes in the windows, so this service can be provided by other vendors. Windsor enters into the
following contract on June 1, 2015, with a local homeowner. The customer purchases windows for
a price of $3,500 and chooses Windsor to do the installation. Windsor charges the same price for
the windows irrespective of whether it does the installation or not. The price of the installation
service is estimated to have a fair value of $900. The customer pays Windsor $3,000 (which
equals the fair value of the windows, which have a cost of $1,700) upon delivery and the
remaining balance upon installation of the windows. The windows are delivered on August 1,
2015, Windsor completes installation on September 15, 2015, and the customer pays the balance
due. Prepare the journal entries for Windsor in 2015. (Round amounts to nearest dollar.)
Solution 18-127
June 1, 2015
No entry neither party has performed under the contract.
On August 1, 2015, Windsor has two performance obligations: (1) the delivery of the windows and
(2) the installation of the windows.
Windows
Installation
Total
$3,000
900
$3,900
Allocation
Windows ($3,000 $3,900) X $3,500 $2,692
Installation ($900 $3,900) X $3,500
808
Revenue recognized
$3,500
(round to nearest dollar)
Windsor makes the following entries for delivery and installation.
August 1, 2015
Cash....................................................................................
Accounts Receivable...........................................................
Unearned Service Revenue.........................................
Sales Revenue.............................................................
3,000
500
Cost of Goods Sold..............................................................

Inventory......................................................................
1,700
808
2,692
(Windows delivered, performance obligation for installation recorded)
1,700

Solution 18-127 (cont.)
September 15, 2015
Cash...........................................................................................................
Unearned Service Revenue........................................................................
Service Revenue (Installation).............................................................
Accounts Receivable...........................................................................
500
808
808
500
Ex. 18-128Sales with discounts.

On July 2, 2015, Lake Company sold to Sue Black merchandise having a sales price of $6,000
(cost $3,600) with terms of 2/10, n/30, f.o.b. shipping point. Lake estimates that merchandise with
a sales value of $600 will be returned. An invoice totaling $120, terms n/30, was received by Black
on July 6 from Pacific Delivery Service for the freight cost. Upon receipt of the goods, on July 3,
Black notified Lake that $250 of merchandise contained flaws. The same day, Lake issued a credit
memo covering the defective merchandise and asked that it be returned at Lakes expense. Lake
estimates the returned items to have a fair value of $100. The freight on the returned merchandise
was $20 paid by Lake on July 7. On July 12, the company received a check for the balance due
from Black.
Instructions
(a) Prepare journal entries for Lake Company to record all the events noted above assuming sales
and receivables are entered at gross selling price.
(b) Prepare the journal entry assuming that Sue Black did not remit payment until August 5.
Solution 18-128
(a)
July 2
Accounts Receivable....................................................................
Refund Liability.................................................................
Sales Revenue.................................................................
6,000
Estimated Inventory Returns........................................................

Cost of Goods Sold......................................................................
Inventory...........................................................................
*($3,600 $6,000) X $600
360*
3,240
600
5,400
3,600
July 3
Refund Liability.............................................................................
Accounts Receivable........................................................
250
Returned Inventory.......................................................................
Estimated Inventory Returns.............................................
100
250
100
Revenue Recognition
18 - 31

The journal entry to record delivery cost is as follows.
July 7
Delivery Expense..........................................................................
Cash.................................................................................
20
20
The journal entry to record payment within the discount period is as follows.
July 12
Cash ..........................................................................................
Sales Discounts (2% X $5,750)....................................................
(b)
5,635
115
5,750
August 2, 2015
Cash ..........................................................................................
5,750
5,750
Ex. 18-129Allocate transaction price.

The Appliance Store is an experienced home appliance dealer. Appliance Store also offers a
number of services together with the home appliances that it sells. Assume that Appliance Store
sells dishwashers on a standalone basis. Appliance Store also sells installation services and
maintenance services for dishwashers. However, Appliance Store does not offer installation or
maintenance services to customers who buy dishwashers from other vendors. Pricing for
dishwashers is as follows.
Dishwasher only
Dishwasher with Installation service
Dishwasher with maintenance services
Dishwasher with installation and maintenance services
$ 950
1,050
1,150
1,200
In each instance in which maintenance services are provided, the maintenance service is
separately priced within the arrangement at $200. Additionally, the incremental amount charged by
Appliance Store for installation approximates the amount charged by independent third parties.
Dishwashers are sold subject to a general right of return. If a customer purchases a dishwashers
with installation and/or maintenance services, in the event Appliance Store does not complete the
service satisfactorily, the customer is only entitled to a refund of the portion of the fee that exceeds
$800.
Instructions
(a) Assume that a customer purchases a dishwasher with both installation and maintenance
services for $1,200. Based on its experience, Appliance Store believes that it is probable that
the installation of the equipment will be performed satisfactorily to the customer. Assume that
the maintenance services are priced separately. Identify the separate performance obligations
related to the Appliance Store revenue arrangement.

Ex. 18-129 (cont.)
(b) Indicate the amount of revenue that should be allocated to the dishwasher the installation, and
to the maintenance contract.
(c) Prepare the necessary journal entry for the Appliance Store.
Solution 18-129
(a)
The separate performance obligations are the dishwasher, installation, and maintenance
service, since each item has standalone value to the customer.
(b)
Dishwasher
Installation
Maintenance
Total
(c)
Cash
Sales Revenue
Service Revenue
Unearned Service Revenue
$ 950/$1,250 X $1,200 = $ 912

$ 100/$1,250 X $1,200 = $ 96
$ 200/$1,250 X $1,200 = $ 192
$1,250
1,200
912
96
192
Ex. 18-130Warranty arrangement.

On December 31, 2015, Dieker Company sells equipment to Tabor Inc. for $62,500. Dieker
includes a 1-year assurance warranty service with the sale of all its equipment. The customer
receives and pays for the equipment on December 31, 2015. Dieker estimates the prices to be
$61,000 for the equipment and $1,500 for the cost of the warranty.
Instructions
(a) Prepare the journal entry to record this transaction on December 31, 2015.
(b) Repeat the requirements for (a), assuming that in addition to the assurance warranty, Dieker
sold an extended warranty (service type warranty) for an additional 2 years (20172018) for
$1,000.
Solution 18-130
(a)
(b)
Cash.............................................................................................
Warranty Expense........................................................................
Warranty Liability..............................................................
Sales Revenue.................................................................
62,500
1,500
1,500
62,500
Dieker should recognize $500 of warranty revenue in 2017 and 2018.

Cash.............................................................................................
Warranty Expense........................................................................
Warranty Liability..............................................................
Sales Revenue.................................................................
Unearned Service Revenue (Warranty)............................
63,500
1,500
1,500
62,500
1,000
Revenue Recognition
18 - 33
Ex. 18-131Existence of a contract.

On July 1, 2015, Ellsbury Inc. entered into a contract to deliver one of its specialty machines to
Kickapoo Landscaping Co. The contract requires Kickapoo to pay the contract price of $2,500 in
advance on July 15, 2015. Kickapoo pays Ellsbury on July 15, 2015, and Ellsbury delivers the
machine (with cost of $1,600) on July 31, 2015.
Instructions
(a) Prepare the journal entry on July 1, 2015, for Ellsbury.
(b) Prepare the journal entry on July 15, 2015, for Ellsbury.
(c) Prepare the journal entry on July 31, 2015, for Ellsbury.
Solution 18-131
(a)
July 1, 2015
No entry neither party has performed on July 1, 2014.
(b)
July 15, 2015

Cash.............................................................................................
Unearned Sales Revenue.................................................
(c)
2,500
2,500
July 31, 2015

Unearned Sales Revenue............................................................
Sales Revenue......................................................................
2,500
Cost of Goods Sold......................................................................

Inventory................................................................................
1,600
2,500
1,600
*Ex. 18-132Journal entriespercentage-of-completion.

Dixon Construction Company was awarded a contract to construct an interchange at the junction
of U.S. 94 and Highway 30 at a total contract price of $12,000,000. The estimated total costs to
complete the project were $9,000,000.
Instructions
(a) Make the entry to record construction costs of $5,400,000, on construction in process to date.
(b) Make the entry to record progress billings of $3,000,000.
(c) Make the entry to recognize the profit that can be recognized to date, on a percentage-ofcompletion basis.
*Solution 18-132
(a)
(b)
Construction in Process................................................................ 5,400,000

Materials, Cash, Payables................................................
5,400,000
Accounts Receivable.................................................................... 3,000,000

Billings on Construction in Process...................................
3,000,000

*Solution 18-132 (cont.)
(c)
Construction Expenses................................................................. 5,400,000

Construction in Process (60% complete)...................................... 1,800,000
Revenue from Long-Term Contracts.................................
7,200,000
*Ex. 18-133Percentage-of-completion method.

Dalton Construction Co. contracted to build a bridge for $8,000,000. Construction began in 2015
and was completed in 2016. Data relating to the construction are:
2015
$2,640,000
2,160,000

2016
$2,200,000
Dalton uses the percentage-of-completion method.

Instructions
(a) How much revenue should be reported for 2015? Show your computation.
(b) Make the entry to record progress billings of $3,300,000 during 2015.
(c) Make the entry to record the revenue and gross profit for 2015.
(d) How much gross profit should be reported for 2016? Show your computation.
*Solution 18-133
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
$2,640,000
$8,000,000 = $4,400,000
$4,800,000
Accounts Receivable.................................................................... 3,300,000
Billings on Construction in Process ..................................
3,300,000

4,400,000
Revenue
Costs
Total gross profit
Recognized in 2015
Recognized in 2016
Or
Total revenue
Recognized in 2015
Recognized in 2016
Costs in 2016
Gross profit in 2016
$8,000,000
4,840,000
3,160,000
(1,760,000)
$ 1,400,000
$8,000,000
(4,400,000)
3,600,000
(2,200,000)
$ 1,400,000
Revenue Recognition
18 - 35
*Ex. 18-134Percentage-of-completion method.

Penner Builders contracted to build a high-rise for $28,000,000. Construction began in 2015 and is
expected to be completed in 2018. Data for 2015 and 2016 are:
2015
2016
$3,600,000 $10,400,000
14,400,000
9,600,000

Penner uses the percentage-of-completion method.
Instructions
(a) How much gross profit should be reported for 2015? Show your computation.
(b) How much gross profit should be reported for 2016?
(c) Make the journal entry to record the revenue and gross profit for 2016.
*Solution 18-134
(a)
$3,600,000
$10,000,000 = $2,000,000
$18,000,000
(b)
$10,400,000
$8,000,000 = $4,160,000
$20,000,000
Less 2014 gross profit
Gross profit in 2015
(c)
2,000,000
$2,160,000

8,960,000
*Ex. 18-135Percentage-of-completion and cost-recovery methods.

On February 1, 2015, Marsh Contractors agreed to construct a building at a contract price of
5,800,000. Marsh estimated total construction costs would be 4,000,000 and the project would
be finished in 2017. Information relating to the costs and billings for this contract is as follows:
Total costs incurred to date
Customer billings to date
Collections to date
2015
1,500,000
2,500,000
2,200,000
2,000,000
2016
2,640,000
1,760,000
4,000,000
3,500,000
2017
4,600,000
-05,600,000
5,500,000
Instructions
Fill in the correct amounts on the following schedule. For percentage-of-completion accounting
and for cost-recovery accounting, show the gross profit that should be recorded for 2015, 2016,
and 2017.

*Ex. 18-135 (cont.)
Percentage-of-Completion
Gross Profit
Cost-Recovery
Gross Profit
2015
____________
2015
____________
2016
____________
2016
____________
2017
____________
2017
____________
2015
2016
2017
Cost-Recovery
Gross Profit
1,200,000d
*Solution 18-135
2015
2016
2017
Percentage-of-Completion
Gross Profit
675,000a
165,000b
360,000c
1,500,000
1,800,000 = 675,000
4,000,000
2,640,000
1,400,000 = 840,000
4,400,000
2015 gross profit

2016 gross profit
(675,000)
165,000
5,800,000
4,600,000
1,200,000
(840,000)
360,000
5,800,000
4,600,000
1,200,000
Total revenue
Total costs
Total gross profit
Recognized to date
2017 gross profit
Total revenue
Total costs
Total gross profit
Revenue Recognition
18 - 37
*Ex. 18-136Franchises.
Pasta Inn charges an initial fee of $1,600,000 for a franchise, with $320,000 paid when the
agreement is signed and the balance in four annual payments. The present value of the annual
payments, discounted at 10%, is $1,014,000. The franchisee has the right to purchase $60,000 of
kitchen equipment and supplies for $50,000. An additional part of the initial fee is for advertising to
be provided by Pasta Inn during the next five years. The value of the advertising is $1,000 a
month. Collectibility of the payments is reasonably assured and Pasta Inn has performed all the
initial services required by the contract.
Instructions
Prepare the entry to record the initial franchise fee. Show supporting computations in good form.
*Solution 18-136
Total fee
Amount due
Present value of payments
Bargain purchase
Advertising ($1,000 60)
Revenue from franchise fees
$1,600,000
$1,280,000
(1,014,000)
Cash.......................................................................................... 320,000
Notes Receivable...................................................................... 1,280,000
Discount on Notes Receivable ......................................
Revenue from Franchise Fees ......................................
Unearned Franchise Fees .............................................
(266,000)
(10,000)
(60,000)
$1,264,000
266,000
1,264,000
70,000
PROBLEMS
Pr. 18-137Allocate Transaction Price, Discounts, Time Value.
Master Grill Company sells outdoor grilling products, providing gas and charcoal grills,
accessories, and installation services for custom patio grilling stations.
Instructions
Respond to the requirements related to the following independent revenue arrangements for
Master Grill products and services.
(a) Master Grill offers contract MG100 which is comprised of a free-standing gas grill for small
patio use plus installation to a customers gas line for a total price $700. On a standalone
basis, the grill sells for $600 (cost $350), and Master Grill estimates that the fair value of the
installation service (based on cost-plus estimation) is $150. Master Grill signed 15 MG100
contracts on May 30, 2015, and customers paid the contract price in cash. The grills were
delivered and installed on June 15, 2015. Prepare journal entries for Master Grill for MG100
in May and June 2015.
(b)
Master Grill sells its specialty combination gas/wood-fired grills to local restaurants. Each grill
is sold for $900 (cost $500) on credit with terms 2/20, net/60. Prepare the journal entries for
the sale of 20 grills on August 1, 2015, and upon payment, assuming the customer paid on
(1) August 20, 2015, and (2) September 29, 2015. Assume the company records sales net.
Solution 18-137
(a)
The total revenue of $10,500 ($700 X 15) should be allocated to the two performance
obligations based on their relative fair values. In this case, the fair value of the grills is
considered $9,000 ($600 X 15) and the fair value of the installation fee is $2,250 ($150 X 15).
The total fair value to consider is therefore $11,250 ($9,000 + $2,250). The allocation is as
follows.
Equipment ($9,000 / $11,250) X $10,500 = $8,400
Installation ($2,250 / $11,250) X $10,500 = $2,100
Master Grill makes the following entries.
May 30, 2015
Cash..........................................................................................
Unearned Service Revenue (Installation).......................
Unearned Service Revenue (Equipment).......................
10,500
2,100
8,400
June 15, 2015

Unearned Service Revenue (Installation)..................................
Unearned Service Revenue (Equipment)..................................
Service Revenue (Installation).......................................
Service Revenue (Equipment).......................................
2,100
8,400
Cost of Goods Sold...................................................................

Inventory ($350 X 15)....................................................
5,250
2,100
8,400
5,250
Revenue Recognition
18 - 39

(b)
1.
August 1, 2015
Accounts Receivable
[$18,000 (2% X $18,000)].........................................
Sales Revenue.........................................................
Cost of Goods Sold..........................................................
Inventory ($500 X 20)...............................................
August 20, 2015
Cash................................................................................
Accounts Receivable................................................
2.
17,640
17,640
10,000
10,000
17,640
17,640
August 1, 2015
Accounts Receivable
[$18,000 (2% X $18,000)].........................................
Sales Revenue.........................................................
Cost of Goods Sold..........................................................
Inventory ($500 X 20)...............................................
September 29, 2015
Cash................................................................................
Accounts Receivable................................................
Sales Discounts Forfeited
(2% X $18,000)......................................................
17,640
17,640
10,000
10,000
18,000
17,640
360
Pr. 18-138Long-term construction project accounting.

Dobson Construction specializes in the construction of commercial and industrial buildings. The
contractor is experienced in bidding long-term construction projects of this type, with the typical
project lasting fifteen to twenty-four months. The contractor uses the percentage-of-completion
method of revenue recognition since, given the characteristics of the contractor's business and
contracts, it is the most appropriate method. Progress toward completion is measured on a costto-cost basis. Dobson began work on a lump-sum contract at the beginning of 2015. As bid, the
statistics were as follows:
Lump-sum price (contract price)
Estimated costs
Labor
Materials and subcontractor
Indirect costs
Estimated Gross Profit
$4,000,000
$ 850,000
1,750,000
400,000
3,000,000
$1,000,000

Pr. 18-138 (cont.)
At the end of the first year, the following was the status of the contract:
Billings to date
Labor
Materials and subcontractor
Indirect costs
Latest forecast total cost
$2,250,000
$ 464,000
648,000
193,000
1,305,000
3,000,000
It should be noted that included in the above costs incurred to date were standard electrical and
mechanical materials stored on the job site, but not yet installed, costing $105,000. These costs
should not be considered in the costs incurred to date.
Instructions
(a) Compute the percentage of completion on the contract at the end of 2015.
(b)
Indicate the amount of gross profit that would be reported on this contract at the end of 2015.
(c)
Make the journal entry to record the income (loss) for 2015 on Dobson's books.
(d)
Indicate the account(s) and the amount(s) that would be shown on the balance sheet of
Dobson Construction at the end of 2015 related to its construction accounts. Also indicate
where these items would be classified on the balance sheet. Billings collected during the year
amounted to $1,900,000.
(e)
Assume the latest forecast on total costs at the end of 2015 was $4,060,000. How much
income (loss) would Dobson report for the year 2015?
Solution 18-138
(a)
Costs to date
Less materials on job site
$1,305,000
(105,000)
$1,200,000
Costs Incurred to Date

= Percentage of Completion
Total Estimated Costs
$1,200,000
= 40%
$3,000,000
(b)
Revenue 40% $4,000,000 =

Costs incurred
Gross profit
$1,600,000
1,200,000
$ 400,000
(c)

Construction in Process................................................................ 400,000
1,600,000
Revenue Recognition
18 - 41

(d)
(e)
Current Assets
Accounts receivable
$350,000 ($2,250,000 $1,900,000)
Current Liability
Billings in excess of contract costs and
recognized profit
$650,000 ($2,250,000 $1,600,000)
Total loss reported in 2015

Contract price
Estimated cost to complete
Amount of loss to be reported
$4,000,000
4,060,000
$ (60,000)
Pr. 18-139Accounting for long-term construction contracts.

The board of directors of Ogle Construction Company is meeting to choose between the costrecovery method and the percentage-of-completion method of accounting for long-term contracts
in the company's financial statements. You have been engaged to assist Ogle's controller in the
preparation of a presentation to be given at the board meeting. The controller provides you with
the following information:
1.
2.
Ogle commenced doing business on January 1, 2015.

Construction activities for the year ended December 31, 2015, were as follows:
Project
A
B
C
D
E
Project
A
B
C
D
E
3.
4.
Total Contract
Price
500,000
720,000
475,000
200,000
450,000
2,345,000
Billings Through
12/31/15
340,000
210,000
475,000
100,000
400,000
1,525,000
Contract Costs
Incurred Through
12/31/15
424,000
195,000
350,000
123,000
320,000
1,412,000
Estimated
Additional Costs to
Complete Contracts
101,000
455,000
-097,000
80,000
733,000
Cash Collections
Through 12/31/15
310,000
210,000
390,000
65,000
400,000
1,375,000
Each contract is with a different customer.

Any work remaining to be done on the contracts is expected to be completed in 2016.

Pr. 18-139 (cont.)
Instructions
(a) Prepare a schedule by project, computing the amount of income (or loss) before selling,
general, and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2015, which would
be reported under:
(1) The cost-recovery method.
(2) The percentage-of-completion method (based on estimated costs).
(b)
Prepare the general journal entry(ies) to record revenue and gross profit on project B (second
project) for 2015, assuming that the percentage-of-completion method is used.
(c)
Indicate the balances that would appear in the statement of financial position at December
31, 2015 for the following accounts for Project D (fourth project), assuming that the
percentage-of-completion method is used.
Accounts Receivable
Billings on Construction in Process
Construction in Process
(d)
How would the balances in the accounts discussed in part (c) change (if at all) for Project D
(fourth project), if the cost-recovery method is used?
Solution 18-139
(a)
(1) and (2)
Projects
Contract price
Contract costs incurred
Additional costs
to complete
Total cost
Total gross profit
or (loss)
A
500,000
424,000
B
720,000
195,000
C
475,000
350,000
D
200,000
123,000
E
450,000
320,000
101,000
525,000
455,000
650,000
-0350,000
97,000
220,000
80,000
400,000
70,000
125,000
(20,000)
50,000
(25,000)
The amount reported as income (loss) under the cost-recovery method for 2015 is:
Project A
B
C
D
E
(25,000)
-0125,000
(20,000)
-0 80,000
The amount reported as income (loss) under the percentage-of-completion method for 2015 is:
Project A
B
C
D
E
(25,000)
21,000
125,000
(20,000)
40,000
141,000
70,000 (195,000 650,000)

50,000 (320,000 400,000)
Revenue Recognition
18 - 43

(b)
(c)
(d)
Construction in Process................................................................
Construction Expenses.................................................................
Revenue from Long-term Contracts..................................
Billings
Cash collections
Accounts receivable
Billings on Construction in Process
100,000
(65,000)
35,000
100,000
Costs incurred
Loss reported
Construction in process
123,000
(20,000)
103,000
21,000
195,000
216,000
The account balances would be the same.
Pr. 18-140Long-term contract accounting (cost-recovery).

Evans Construction, Inc. experienced the following construction activity in 2015, the first year of
operations.
Cash
Cost
Estimated
Total
Billings
Collections
Incurred
Additional
Contract
through
through
through
Costs to
Contract
Price
12/31/15
12/31/15
12/31/15
Complete
X
$260,000
$170,000
$155,000
$182,000
$ 63,000
Y
330,000
115,000
115,000
100,000
252,000
Z
233,000
233,000
198,000
158,000
-0$823,000
$518,000
$468,000
$440,000
$315,000
Each of the above contracts is with a different customer, and any work remaining at December 31,
2015 is expected to be completed in 2016.
Instructions
Prepare a partial income statement and a partial statement of financial position to indicate how the
above contract information would be reported. Evans uses the cost-recovery method.
Solution 18-140
Evans Construction, Inc.
Income Statement
For the Year 2015
Revenue from long-term contracts (contract Z)
Cost of construction (contract Z)
Gross profit
Provision for loss (contract Y)*
*Contract costs through 12/31/15
Total estimated costs
Total contract price
Loss recognized in 2015
$233,000
158,000
$ 75,000
22,000
$100,000
252,000
352,000
330,000
$ 22,000

Evans Construction, Inc.
Statement of Financial Position
As of 12/31/15
Current assets:
Accounts receivable ($518,000 $468,000)
Inventories
Construction in process (contract X)
Less: Billings
Unbilled contract costs
Current liabilities:
Billings ($115,000) in excess of contract costs ($100,000)
Estimated liability from long-term contracts
$ 50,000
$182,000
170,000
12,000
15,000
22,000

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CHAPTER 18

Understand revenue recognition issues.

Identify the five steps in the revenue recognition process.

Identify the contract with customers.

Identify the separate performance obligations in the contract.

Determine the transaction price.

Allocate the transaction price to the separate performance obligations.

Recognize revenue when the company satisfies its performance obligation.

Identify other revenue recognition issues.

Describe presentation and disclosure regarding revenue.

Apply the percentage-of-completion method for long-term contracts.

Apply the cost-recovery method for long-term contracts.

Identify the proper accounting for losses on long-term contracts.

Explain revenue recognition for franchises.

Test Bank for Intermediate Accounting, IFRS Edition, 2e

Revenue is recognized in the accounting period when the performance obligation is

Whether a contract modification is treated as a separate performance obligation or

A performance obligation is a written guarantee in a contract to provide a product or

Companies always use the expected value, a probability-weighted amount, to estimate

A company can only satisfy its performance obligations at a point in time.

A contract liability is a companys obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for

Test Bank for Intermediate Accounting, IFRS Edition, 2e

To address inconsistencies and weaknesses, a comprehensive revenue recognition model

The converged standard on revenue recognition

The first step in the process for revenue recognition is to

The second step in the process for revenue recognition is to

The third step in the process for revenue recognition is to

The fourth step in the process for revenue recognition is to

The last step in the process for revenue recognition is to

Revenue from a contract with a customer

Signing of the contract by the two parties is

A company must account for a contract modification as a new contract if

A performance obligation exists when

Test Bank for Intermediate Accounting, IFRS Edition, 2e

Seadrill Engineering licensed software to oil-drilling firms for 5 years. In addition to

The transaction price

If a contract involves a significant financing component,

Noncash consideration should be

Consideration paid or payable to customers

The transaction price for multiple performance obligations should be allocated

A company has satisfied its performance obligation when the

The cost-to-cost basis measures progress towards completion by

When sales are made with a right of return, the company

Test Bank for Intermediate Accounting, IFRS Edition, 2e

The role of the agent in a Principal-Agent relationship is to

The use of the net method of recognizing revenue by an agent

Consignments are a specialized marketing method whereby the

Consigned goods are recognized as revenues by the

A warranty provided when a customer exercises an option to purchase a warranty is

Nonrefundable upfront fees

Unconditional rights to receive consideration because a performance obligation has been

Partial satisfaction of a multiple performance obligation is reported on the statement of

Contract liability is a companys obligations to transfer goods or services to a customer for

Disclosure related to revenue

18 - 10 Test Bank for Intermediate Accounting, IFRS Edition, 2e

The percentage-of-completion method

In selecting an accounting method for a newly contracted long-term construction project,

The Billings on Construction in Progress account is a(n)

The principal advantage of the cost-recovery method is that

Under the cost-recovery method

All revenue for franchise companies is derived from

18 - 12 Test Bank for Intermediate Accounting, IFRS Edition, 2e

Franchise fees should be recognized