1 That That

2 Wh-
3 whether if ornot whether
4 As if
5 that that afraid, alarmed, amazed,
amused, angry, annoyed, astonished, aware, clear, confident, depressed, disappointed, distressed,
glad, grateful, happy, hopeful, horrified, irritated, pleased, proud, sad, shocked, sorry, sure, thankful,
upset
6

7
8 which whom
9 whose
of which
10
11 Such.as as
12 The same .as/that as that not changed, not another
youve made the same mistakes as I did(another) ; youve made the same mistakes as you made
last time (itself)
13 What
14 all, nothing, everything, something, anything, much, little
the only, the very, the same, the last that
which
15 whom, that
16 which, who, whom
17 that
18 it is/was + + that/who
is/was that/who

when, whenever, as, while, before, after, until, till, once, the moment, as soon as, by the time,
since
where, wherever
because, as, since, now that
so that, in order that, for fear that, in case that, lest
so that, so.that, such.that
if, as long as, unless, provided
though, although, no matter, however, even if
as if, as though, as
than, as

1Despite, in spite of although, though

2During
3Because of, on account of, thanks to
4Too..to.so.that.
5Since

6Even even though, even if

When, while
If, unless
Though, even though, although, no matter how
As if

2 be
be

1
information, news, word, message, story, proof, announcement
thought, idea, belief, truth
hope, doubt, fear
question, problem, answer, reply
suggestion, proposal, advice
promise, permission
2 that, whether, who, what, when, where, why, how

That that that

child

children

foot

feet

tooth

teeth

goose

parenthesis

parenthese

medium

media

bacterium

bacteria

basis

bases

nucleus

nuclei

geese

ellipsis

ellipses

fungus

fungi

man

men

axis

axes

stimulus

stimuli

woman

women

hypothesis

hypotheses

alumnus

alumni

mouse

mice

oasis

oases

focus

foci

louse

lice

crisis

crises

radius

radii

ox

oxen

criterion

criteria

terminus

termini

penny

pence

phenomeno

phenomena

larva

larvae

analysis

analyses

alga

algae

appendix

appendices

datum

formula

formulae

data

[f]-f -fe
1 beliefs, chiefs, cliffs, dwarves, hoofs, scarves
2 f fe v es[vz]
3 wharfs, wharves
-o
1+s : kilos, photos, Filipinos, Eskimos, radios, solos
2+es : heroes, potatoes, tomatoes, Negroes
3+es/s : cargos / cargoes

deer

Chinese

gallows

hertz

grouse

Japanese

headquarter

kilohertz

salmon

Portuguese

li

trout

Swiss

means

mu

carp

Vietnamese

series

aircraft

bison

barracks

species

spacecraft

sheep

corps

works

craft

crossroads

horsepower

offspring

actor

actress

prince

princess

hero

heroine

host

hostess

waiter

waitress

widower

widow

father

mother

uncle

aunt

son

daughter

king

queen

dog

bitch

horse

stallion

mare

duck

drake

male nurce

man doctor

maid servant

woman voter

gentleman friend()

lady clerk

male swan

female flower

1
2 Every, each, another, many a
3
4 Other
5 these, those, many, various, several, numerous, few, a few, both, diverse, a
(good / large / great) number of, numbers of, one of
6 One / two / many + of + +
clothes, riches, fireworks, remains, wages, ashes, thanks, sweets
num, + n. + (adj.) n.
much, little, a little, a great deal of, a great amount of, a piece of, an article of

1 ones own
2
3 some, any, another, each, all, both, most, such, few, one, enough,
many, neither, either
4 Every, no
5 of+: few of the students, many of these bridges
6 That one those ones

7 Other others
8
9 It

1
2
3
1He is a man rude but henpecked
2This is a subject worthy of careful study
3She own a diamond worth $5,000,00;A student confident
that..
4a good , always ready to
5Soto do, too.to do, ..enough to do
she is a nurse careful enough to
=she is careful enough a nurse to.
6-ing person busy doing; a student long understanding
7a tower 180 feet high
8Morethan, asas a student no more diligent than Tom
9a stolen car = a car stolen
4
5
6
7
former, latter, inner, outer, upper, elder
mere, outright, utter, very
chief, joint, main, only, principal, sole, chemical, nuclear, solar
major, minor, senior, junior, superior, inferior, prior
English, French
average, equal, daily, weekly, unique, square, round, vertical, excellent,
infinite, extreme, right, absolute, correct, true, wrong, right, false, left
inside, outside, indoor, outdoor
8
exactly, just, nearly, almost, hardly, twice, three times
slightly, a little, a bit, much, many, a lot, greatly, a great deal, far, even, still -2
times
by far, the second
9
No more..than
Tom no less than Jerry = Tom as much as Jerry TOM JERRY
More.than
It is more a poem than a picture

As.as, more than, less than

Its no more than a mile to.
He will come in less than
As many as 300 people come 300

Literal literary
Economic economical
Historic historical
Forgettable forgetful
Respectable respectful respective
Sensible sensitive
Imaginable imaginary imaginative
Special specific
Effective efficient
Credible creditable
Considerable considerate
Industrial industrious

1 Yet not
2
first, second / firstly, secondly / anyhow, anyway / again, also, too, besides, further,
furthermore / moreover, next, then /
altogether
namely
incidentally, meanwhile, now, well
accordingly, consequently, hence, therefore, thus, thereby
else, otherwise
however, nevertheless, notwithstanding, still, though
alternatively, conversely, instead

1 have a walk / rest, all of a sudden, as a rule, go on a diet, in a sense,

once in a while
2 all the time, by the way, in the distance, on the whole, to the point, out of
the question, pull sb. By the arm , in the morning / afternoon / evening, in the past, in the
meanwhile, in the air
3 hand in hand, step by step, day
after day, from there to there
4 from city to suburb, from birth till death,
heart and soul, day and night
5 a kind / type / category / species / sort of
6

7 by accident, in advance, in fact, go to school / hospital / prison / bed (

), on duty, on earth, under way

1 After
2 Among
3 As the same as, such as asas
4 By
5 Despite
6 During
7 In
8 Into
9 Like
10 Of
11 Since
12 To
1 e.g. at
table at the table
2
3 P162

1 Only, more than, less than

2 One of the+
3

1
2
3 being + v.edhaving + v.ed
4

Advise, anticipate, fancy, mind, doubt, escape, finish, ponder, admit, suggest, consider, miss, delay,
mention, resist, resent, risk, appreciate, enjoy, deny, keep, practice, avoid, postpone, favor, ensure,
resume, detest, cant help, forgive, quit, recall, celebrate, pardon, regret, advocate, tolerate, report,
excuse, imagine, dislike, discontinue

Cannot help +V-ing = cannot but +V

There is no + v-ing = it is impossible to do
It is no use + V-ing = it is of no use to do
Be worth + V-ing
Be busy + V-ing
Of onew own + V-ing = ~ed by oneself

Feel like + V-ing

Look forward to + V-ing
Confess to + V-ing
5 to to
(1) to
Be contrast to, be contradictory to, object to, be opposed to, with a view to, in contrast to
(2) to
Be used to, be accustomed to, be exposed to, be devoted to, be dedicated to, abandon
oneself to, limited to, committed to, resort to, react to, as to, with regard to, respond to
6 fromFrom V1 + + From +
V2-ing.

1 a bell ringing, I m
excited at the news
2
a moving story, a meeting held yesterday
3

He sat there, reading a book. Given more attention, the trees..= Being given more
attention, the trees

1 to do to What he did was (to) call us

purpose,
objective, goal, aim, function, reason, intention
2 afford, agree, arrange, ask, attempt, beg,
care, choose, claim, consent, contrive, dare, decide, decline, demand, deserve, desire, determine,
endeavor, expect, fail, fear, guarantee, help, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, long, manage, offer,
petition, plan, pledge, plot, pray, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, resolve, seek, swear, threaten,
undertake, venture, volunteer
3 except, but
4
ambition, approach, chance, courage, way, effort, force, method, motive, movement, opportunity,
power, reason, time, ability, determination, attempt
5 too.to, adj/adv + enough + to.., so + adj/adv + as.to
6 cause, compel, drive, enable, enforce, force, get, lead, leave,
oblige, press, urge
7 P.186-187
8 Have, let, make feel, hear, listen TO to

9 to had better, would rather, had sooner(), had rather, would

sooner, cannot but,do nothing but, prefer to do rather than do

10
11
(1) I am sorry to hear thatfortunate, glad, happy, lucky, proud,
sorry
(2) He was silly to do so
(3) She was difficult to teach
(4) He is afraid to go there
(5) He is certain to come
12
not onlybut also, notbut, eitheror, neithernor, or, nor, there be

1.

So ..that : So beautiful is the girl that she remains single today

2.

As.as , More.than
I swim as well as did Mao

3.

Among those students is my sister.

In Zhang Guan Cun Lies New Oriental school

4.

Contrary to the opinion of most people is my heartfelt objection to the construction plan
S + Be + Adj. + + O. Adj. + + O. + be + S
S + Be + +() + O. + () + O. + Be + S

5.

Adj. though / as + S +
Busy as I am, I will go shopping

6.

+ + S + +
Not / Nor / never / neither / not / seldom / rarely / barely / scarcely / hardly

7.

Only + + + +
Only though this crisis do I understand that you love me best in the world

1 had+would have +

2 would+
3 be were
4 Demand, suggest, propose, request, insist, order, suggestion, proposal, order, idea
would + I suggest that we (should) cancel the trip
5 Wish, would rather, had rather, as if, tough, if only
I wish I were a bird, Ive loved you as if you were my son
6 Its (high) time Its time we went to bed, Its time
that they were taught a lesson