Professional Documents
Culture Documents
STlLNDARD OF
RliDIOGRl:..PHY
OF \'JELDS
.JB928-67
,.
1968
"'-"-D-"-Cl-Q
by arc
1..
1:/eL'.. shall be radiographed only after its surface has been inspected ..
Wel~
disc~ntinuities
radi..)graphy~
2~
Identification of films:
com!,onent.
3.
CiS:ssification of Radiography:
Class
Very low
~lso
be permitted.
4.
used~.
Geometric unsharpness:
GeoLlc'tric unsharpness Ug shall not exceed 0.2mm for Class. __A and 0 . 4mm
for Class B
& Class
C.
Wher,~:
5.
. d
=---b
Film Density:
Class B
Class C
1 .. 5-2.5
1.0-2.0
The fogging density of film shall not exceed 0 3 for Class Band 6.2.f?~
0
--
1 ::-
6.
(f)
Fig. 1
mm
No. of Thickness
Penet- of Steel
ramet- Plate.
erg
1
20 and
smaller
~
2
5-50
v-'
Table 1
Steel Wire
Tolerance.
+ 0.01
35
2-5
0.02
40
3-5
Lead Pain
Identification.
0.30;0.35; 0.40
On 1 ; 0.2;
o 0':;
0.4* ;
0.5; 0.6;
O~7;
0 ... 8;
~*.,
.0
...
0.9; 1.0
50-100
l--
4-7
+ 0.03
100
1.0;
1.5;
2.5*; 3.0"';
4.0;
..
...
2.0*;
3.05*;
+ 0.05
50
5-8
~.5
6
Note: Lead point identification is placed on those wire bearing the mark*.
(2)
Placement of penetrameters:
-or
Penetrameters shall be placed on the source side part of the object being
If this is not
this case the radiographic tEchnique shall be demonstrated with the applica~penetrameter
~he
\vhen source is
(3)
the cover sheet little by little from finer penetrameter wire side to
greaterpenetrameter wire side, as shown in Fig. 2, until the finest wire
has been just visible ...
-.~'
~G~-r':'Y-~H~ND P~=""
Fig. 2
(4)
Calculation
of film sensitivity:
x 100 '}6
T
(3).
Film sensitivity:-
6-15
15
V
Class A
2 . 0
Class B
2 .. 5
Class C
0 .. 2mm
3",0%
~~~
2.0
~/
7.
Steel wire
2,.096
105
2,5%
)-
5;,6
2.5%
==
Records.~-
The radiographic record shall include part number, number of films, area
radiographed ( a sketch may bo prepared instead) and the radiographic
procedure.
duplicat~d roadily~
-: 3 .-
8~
11#
9.
uities exceeds the limit for Class IV such welds shall be judged in Class V.
10 A
Determination of discontinuities:-
(1)
Unallowable
a.
defects~
II, II 1."
(2)
as
For Classes I, II, III and IV, allowable number of voids per any weld
2
area of 10x50mm on radiograph is shown in Table 3~ The width of weld may be
taken as
thickness~
- ',-".-
Plate
thickness,mm 2 .. 0-5,,0
5 0-10 . 0
10..,0-20,.0
20.0-50,,0
100..,0-20
50,,0-100 .. 0
Classification
(19 )
0-2
2-3
3-4
~6
Class II (I)
2-4
4-6
6-8
8-12
12-16
16-24
(c)
3-6
6-9
9-12
12-18
18-24
24-36
Class IV {J;)
4-8
8-12
12-16
16-24
24-32
32-48
Class I
Class III
Class V (e)
b...
8,..12
6-8
-. 4 .-
4...
157&
2mm, whereas for Class IV ::..-:; should not exceed 20% of vmll thickness, at
most not be greater than
3mm~
single welded joints for each class should not be greater than aggregate
length of slag inclusions specified by requirements for corresponding class.
The length of incomplete penetration of single welded joints is not limited
\.,rhen the design \-lelded joint efficiency is eqmtl to or less than 709&.
In case measurement of the discontinuity depth is impracticable, it is
necessary to apply effective method (for instance j a depth gauge with notch
may be placed adjacent to the weld seam) to show the film densitYt and
discontinuity depth is determined by comparison between the film density and
discon~inuity
11~
density.
Determination of discontinuity
Classific~ation:
~::
final weld quality level is determined by subtracting 1 from the sum for leve
of three types of discontinuitiesD
The weld quality levels and sampling percentage specified in this standard
should be selected and agreed
upo~
and user
0-
,
01
such a degree that the resulting radiographic image due to any irregularities
j-.-
i~
conditions.
I~
and class C.
'veIl as the ability of apparatus 7 conditions for apparatus and materials and
economic index must be taken into
consideration~
Films* used for radiography are divided into two types: intensifying and nonintensifying.
These two types of film may also be divided into three types
according to their speed: low speed? medium speed and high speed.
techniques may be divided into
3 kinds: lead
iO~~
Intensifyi
intensification, fluroscent
into two kinds: high difini tion (low speed) and low definition (high spee"d)"
Low graininess (low speed) non-intensifying film and lead foil intensificatio:
technique are used for class A. When geometric unsharpness, density and other
conditions prove satisfactorYl a greater sensitivity will be obtained.
~onger
In th:
In general, the
X-ray machine iG able to radiograph thinner part, for example, its thiclGless
is about 10mm..
accelerator is used.
arG
Q~Rct
and
t~:
oQuinl~n5[~yin~
fil~
"
For technique Class B: in principle 1 the non-intensifying
filQ and lead foil
intensification or technique without intensification are used.
In this case
the intensifying film and high definition fluo~escent screen may also be used.
the use of high speed fluorescent screen is permitted if thickness of part is
greater or the apparatus is not ablo to realize the desired purpose, or by
some other reasonSD
(At present
country)
Technique cl.<;,o,oo
requirementso
"R
i.c:
.. : 7 : ,.
Photog:::'aphic
Film
Level.
Belgium D4
Lead foil front
non-intensifying? screen:
10'., "speed
0 .. 04mm.
rear screen:
0 .. 15mm
Class A
High speed
medical
flt:orescent
screen
Shanghai. L>F
intensifying']
Class B
high speed
~',
_------o~--.-""~-"
Notes:
Technique of
intensification
_"
~_-~~~"
For
15KV
15ma
1;50 sec.
80KV
15ma
45 sec ..
,.~
*In this staEdard the undeveloped film is called film and the
developed film is called
3.
Exposure
condition
4 --
negati~e
film.
geometric unsharpness.
Because any sou::'s,= size is fixed? the radiation source \Vi th diameter d,
as shown in Fig"" v!ill give a radiation which can strike the film around
the forders of
di2cc~~inuity
As a macter of
\Vhi~h
r~t,
This
I,.
very sma"ll value is not necessa::."y and its taking to very greater value is
not permitted eitha::'.
;.'
.....
&
p . 2mm
for class A,
is the
r:b
minimum focal distance for desired Ug. Certainly, the greater focal distance
may be adopted.
t~
.:'0.-
~for
~nd
-'. 8
4~
10
1
When D=1, radiation intensity I is 1/10 of 10
5.
For
(1)
There are
minimum wire diameter is 0.1mm, making in 0.05mm increments, and the tolerancE
is exact.
' ..
hll of these four types penetrameters shall be identified with the number of
lead-made point.
i~
points, we shall know that this penetrameter used is penetrameter No. 1 and
this is then followed by a quick knowing of the diameter of the wire placed
nearby.
The
function of the lead points for other penetrameters is just the same as for
penetrameter No.1.
(2)
examined, where the density is lower and tho geometric unsharpness is the
maximum.
This
~ should be similar.
-. 9
reinforcement th1ckness.
(3)
Permitted by this
Experiments show
f --
is unchanged.
(4)
6.
For
7 -- records.
It is not necessary to note all tho data in the report but all original
data should be maintained together with films for future reference.
7"
For 8
~e
If these
guaranteed.
In some
All these
84
(1)
of the voids, that is, the maximum diameter of each void accurred in any
seri~s 10 by 50mm weld area is covered into the number of points according
to Table
4,
acceptable whefi the greatest summation of all the points does not exceed the
number of points specified in Table 3 in accordance with thickness and weld
10 .-
...
.is ta k en for each void) and 1 'FJid of 2 .. 1-3.0mm (5 po;i.nts)occur
the total number of points is 10..
Therefore,
qUD.lity class B is required,. the void number mc.y be calculated nnd rounded
as specified in Table 3.
the order 20-50mm and in this case, 8-12 points is permitted for
is of
CID.SS B. Difference in thickness is 30mm, and in number of points is 4. As
J
each point is equal to 7.5mmin thickness, 9 points c.re equal to 27.5 and
10 points 1 to 35mm.
In practicc.l \'lOrk, calculation of the point number of the voids may be made
by viewing film in the following way: make a block in 10 by 50mm area on the
glass side of the illuminator or make a 10x50mm opening on the block paper,
then move the most defective portion into the block or the opening for
accurate interpretation.
(2)
For
examp~e,
follows:
For single slag, the length of single slag is allowable to exceed 1/3
a.
of plate thickness.
'. .
.! :.
is greater thnn 60mm, the length o,f single slag inclusion cannot exceed 20mm.
....
b.
is often
\'fhen two or more types of discontinuities 2,re present and L is the length
of the longest inclusion in the group, the distance between these inclusions
should not be less than 6L.
11
class D.
(3)
When the welded joint efficiency (equal to or less than 70%) is not
When in
~' ~
.. ,
"J,
~0j .rifVCed'
,;5.;0-1'1 d? rd~
--~
:... ....
..
~.'
';
"
'::.'
::..:.
-~-.-
'--
------ -- ---- ----.. --- - ------ -----1------ -- - ---------.--- -- -- ---- -- -------- ------ --.- - .. - -------------------.-- --------.. -SCRIPTION
~ tiY~iBDL
:
..
DESCRIPTION.
~.
SWIS'OL
'
-----------------__-------------1--- --... -----,.---....--.----.--.---'------:-------------------.------ ... --------'. ---..,------------.--------------'h WElter
D
~
)
~
cooling wet?r.
~ulBting
;stic lllat8r
.:C'nt watero
i.~f1 tC!r
'igen:tE:,[J llFlter
iic~lly
treated 80ft
nerrlized l,mtrc:r
lic wEJtl'r
tic
g88
FS
PrCiC[!S8
liouid
RS
FUEl
DS
CE~bon
YS
~lor.,.1
HS
Str;"1Tn
T8
CS
/.
v
.~
e'lS21tE
Q
~.
0
0
lub coil
id 6mrnon:!.D
r;:2sEied pir
um
en
CJgEm
JUS ammoniE1
~.
JS
Ilia Liquor
PY
QW
YW
RC!
CO
gn8
dioxidD gns
2ff
~
~
~
AS
PS
Stt.'L-3nl
6r;g/cr.,2
z]
Z5,
Stch" 13Kg/cm26Kg/cm
Z13
Z26
0
~
rv
311g/cm~
r\ls
Y
yg
Steam
SteE~m
Q
Q
j
~
if'i
0
n
Q2
2
0
0
0
N2
A
gFJS
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: g o.J
CF l1
CQ
nf"1R
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Ida to.:;:'
!;Jc
rirsinoge
Pl'OCEr'18
(
~
w~tR~
Process
~I-'
.::J":'
'igF!rEited brinE
Vent
"C'
i\~l
o
o
0
0
,
~o
0
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_ _ _ _ __
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_._ .. _._.
. -, ----TSECTI6fr------T---T------r-~-r---r---r--~r---T--T- ------r--------T----l
~
2 Press~e Q t~mp ~ 643 Q 6~3
2 Kg/Cm
Q
C Q
-2 Plpe
Q -:
Q
667
670 Q 671
Q 681
836 Q 837
271
q 83 ~
Q
~
._.:..------~--------)-L----1----+~~~~~~;~L--~----~----~----3-----~- __ Jy ______ .
Q
Q
2
Q
2
Q
2
Q
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29-35
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780)
360)
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17.5).
17 )
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230 ~ III)
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15.5)
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220 I)'
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350) II)
70 II)
16.5)
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380)
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utian.
29 )
,Salution.~
Q
Q
223) III)
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16.8) 80 ) II)
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14.5) 108 ) III)
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Q
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washed gas~
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2 26-29
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27 28 )400-450) I )
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24 )120-160; III) III
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-: 2 :-
~ Pressure ~ Temp.
643
643
~ Pipe
667 Q 670
Q
Q
--------{-~~~~~=llJ--~~---~----!)~~~~~:!~----~----~----J----~----~---Jl---17
17
Q
Q
Q
) 1 00-1 25)
) 100 150)
16
17
Q
Q
Q
)
~
) II ')
)
) II)
)
))
)
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) III )
)
) II )
)
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) 100-150)
\
45)
)
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16
40)
~
Q
80 5
150)
33
12
400)
Q.
Q
Q
II)
~~
~~: ~:::
10
N.
l
)
II
)
)
)
)
~ tit )
1 50
)
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)
)
I)
)
) )
l l
III
III
)III~
l l l
)
)III)
~?)?
,
~
)
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~
)
",~,-------------,-------,----------)------,--------'~---~----,-----)...---)----,---------
Notes:utili~ies
Classifications for
light of this form.
2.
shall be made
i~
1.
the
---------
IF====================================================jf
~
a
~
~
2
116-SA-19
========================================================
-:t
~~~:~~-~:~!~~~~~~-~~~-~:~~~_~~_~~==_~!E~~~
E~~M~natiori requi~ements for welder~ ~i~~6~~i~~ \k~
weldine on high pressure steel pipes:
!.
~re
weiders
..
:
'
)..
Besides the
~ol16wing
'~.......
'
sho~~d
points
also be observed.
(1)
h~nli-operated el!;!~tric
arc welding:
a.
S'~eei
secon~.
ov~n
p~t
under application.
(2)
will~be
,.
way
used.
,
of,joining
~re
shown in Fig.1.
Welding is performed when the pipe is fixe~ i~ such a
(3)
position as formiLg a 45
(4)
Visual ins.pe,ctiQn
,I.
t~e
satisfied.
a.
b..
(5)
!I.
6, sub-division 5.
(1)
116-SA-006~
when it is used.
(2)
(3)
Fig.1~
(4)
shor.~.d
be inspected visually
a.
b.
ovarlaps~
exceed 2mm.
(5)
(6)
Qualification requirements.
"
The result of the X-ray examination
of the test
JB
928-67~
3 as specified in
The intercrystallinG
-.-.-0-11-.-
.,
I'
i-----------------\
I
PL flo T E
i
!
I
\
'rL----; -)
,
__I
.1____'__ -...:....
~\
-- :--- 7
i_~-~J"
'" '.-i-t..
~~_
;.'
-',
l~ P-IEC E'S.
,r
,'!'"',
"~f
'I
'.~
",t.
J~q
20
1110
~8
2.."
13 ell 00
Lf'i
s-q
)(
x
x
2.8
10
I ("12,8 NI q /I'
108 X
171/ 05
f>CJ x
it'S-
t-<,l
hI
'1
,.,.
II
il
I~
'l.
Ii
Iii'.,
'(
mYClVNCL'S
,qO/~
====-=====_
,-.-.-.-.-.-.-,
:
I::,
116-SA-05
., ....
-
-.-
_,
=;I
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1
GENERALS
CHAPTER 2
CHAPTER 3
CHAPTER 4
CHAPTER 5
CHAPTER 6
CHAPTER 7
ANNEX-I
ANNEX-II
01
CHAPTER -1
1.1
GENERAL::;
'i.2.
1.3
design81~.
2.1
2.2
In case that the pipes are found not in conformity with the
specified grade or the certificats is found not giving the
full information of thGchemical composition aoo mechanical
(
Have all the pipes numbered serially anld checked for hardness.
PIel< up from each batch two pipes, one with the greatest
hardness and the othe I" with the smallest hardness. Out of each
pipe, five test specimens are taken; two for tension test, two
for impact test and one for flatening or cold bending test.
c.
chemical analysis.
:J.
II
Test For Austenite And AustenitG- Ferrite Typo 5.5 11 Method Y8-44-f2iL /
2.4
Each pipe should be measured at its both ends for its outside diameter
as well as its wall thickness. The allowance is given in Table-3 .
2.5
2.6
After the removal of all defects, the actual wall thickness of a pipe
should not bEl less than 90% of 'the nominal thickness. The actual wall
thickness is to bG calculated by the fallowing formulas:
A.
B.
r; - SJ t S1-
,~
'-'a
:6
The measurGment of
SI 52
line.
LJ.
S2.
CC
Grade
Tensile
Yield
strength strongth
(Kg/mm 2 ) (Kg/mm 2
Elongation Impact
toughness
5%
Kg-M/cm 2
".-
Cr1BNi12M ~54
o'
2Ti
"-:::
5
;;10
?; 55
~24
:;. 20
>40
..;.-
~55
~156
140-170
~22
~ 40
::;;'10
~ 55
~22
20
)40
1Cr18Ni9Ti,{" 56
Har'dness
Reduction
(HB)
of sectional
area
Grade
20
~'i'
,-,
.....
Si
Mn
.3
0.17-
0.1'7-
0.35-
0.24
0.37
0.65
1Cr1BNi9Ti
0.12
-.;;
<..
~0.80 ~2"O
.r::::.
-.;
0.04
Cr
Ni
Ti
jVl
0
~
0 . 04
LO.03
6: 0 ,035
-rf. O. 03
~O"
5x(C%-0.o2)0,8
17.019.0
8.011.0
16.0-:19.0
Cr18Ni12M 2Ti
0
035
1.8-
2.5
'
04
..
Cold
drawn
35
35-57
Wall Thickness
( mm )
+ 0.2 mm
- + 0.3 mm
Allowance
0/
{fJ
+ 12
- 10
+ 10
57
+ 0.8%
20
+ 15
- 10
Hot
159
+ 1.00%
20
+ 10 When 0,0
-<JEiB
ro1l8d
150
+ 1.25%
- 1.00%
+ 15 When B.D
- 10
~168
06
~j. 15
times of tho
II
The higr. pressure pi;Je fitti~gs should tie checkod one blj one
with their certificates.
3.5
After test, the qualifiod pipe fittillgs, fC'stonors and valves should
ho marked and properllj stored whereas thLJSO unqualified and not
being able to bG ropairad should be marked with certain colour
for diE1tinction.
CHAPTER 4 FABRICATION OF HI r..3H PRESSURE PIPES
4.1
il
RECORD OF EXAM-
4.2
fiy';.:;d
4.3
,0.,
i'j;-
nl3chining, fixing,
07
8.
~/f/~~;~;t:;;'r~~~ c~~~:~~'."i:,.~~,jU~;
;,' '-j};-'?: " ;.:' ~~
C.
4.4.
El
pipeCincluding
grade No, 2 0 steel pipe) is cut, the portion of pipe with no grade
mark should be immediatellj stampod with the original grade mark.
:".5,
The center of threads made on': a pipe,is 'the 'centBr of the' insttli:t t:::itr;::le
of tha pi;=l8f ,Tha dim8(1sions of the threads should bEl guaranteed.
4.6.
THREf~DS
II
of the
THREALJS ( GB197-63):I, Tho battom of grCJave is arc -shaped. The taper '.:;-;,,:
H
end ovality should be kept within the talerance range. Throad end
will follow ll size of chamfer of bol withdr.awal groove for thread end
GB3-5B II.
4. 7,
08
than 1/5 :Jf Us nominal w::Jrking height.
4.9
4.10
4.11
-".
well protected.
4.12
4.13
4.14
iJJhen hot bund is parformad :::m N::J. 20 stGBI pipes 7 th5 tCJmperature
for banding is prElferabl y kept within a range :Jf 850 DC_gOO DC.
The hoating does nat 8xce8d 1000 DC and aft~r bd'nding, the
temperature is n:::Jt to be below 700 DC.
4.15
09
Pi~8s
[3
mav be aV::Jided. When bending, measures are V:J be taken t:J protect
thtJ pipes against lOC3t pr3ssing.
4. 17
4.13
L:..19
,~ll:Jwable
;::.,.
D.
3.
w.
1;.2J
irlt'J th;:;
~1
.s. -:
~pwn
;Jip2 fittings and fast3nGrs, 'Jalves h::Juld b3 chGckEld f'Jr cElrtificatc:lS and
b2
:3. Z
WGll
protocted.
32f:Jre erecti::m, have the inside of pipes cleaned and chockBd for
st:Jr:3ga. The pipe fittings, fasteners and valvos should also bo
::122nt3d. The thf'Gadad part sh:Juld be coated with
~ixturG
rJ] 52 'greaso or
o
:Jf graphit\3 powder and machine oil. ;:::;heck all the sElaling
~h8n iJ
10
sleeve pipes Or supports should be prepared as specified PV
the design.
5.5
5.5
5.7
Before seating the sealing gasket, have the sealing gasket and
pipe end greased and then have the gasket seated into the socket
exactllj ;
5.:3
5. :3
5.11
The inlinasampliilg parts of instrument should be mounted simultaneousllj with the erection of piping.
'')'
::. ~i.
The following tvpes of welding ara adopted for the joining of high
pressure steel pipes:
A.
8.
Oxv-acetljlena walding is
permissibl~r~
'-'
stainles~
steel pipes.
6.2
11
Table 4
62se mGtal
IType of
Iwelding rod
ry
Tensile strength
1Cr18Ni9Ti
50
50
i T507 (Finishing)
-JIo.,
16
20
;:\ 132
!
I
,::1,212
65
Impact tough
2
ness Kg-M/c m
Elongation
55
T,
1"'~02 ( pnmm
. . . lq)
'I:J
2 un
6
13
25
25
=r18Ni12M 2T0
o
55
I
~
Mn
.~
~J
Sf
c'
Mo
Cr
0/
10
Ni
.:::J
01
10
ot
,0
%.
1.0
18-21
Nb+Ti
= 8xc
-1.0
J.081:::: 2 . 5
L
.s 2.5
J.08
":;1.0
17-20
2-3
S
I
I
:;.3.
Nb
Nb+Tl
=8xc
,-1.2
,~
~-. O. 035
A~JJ,
:I
040
:I
<.. 0.035
........
!
10:~
I
~
0.025
~0.035
13
i
Before use, the Glectrodes should be baked as described in
B.
B8
the INSTRUCTIONS Booklet and when used, they should be kept dry
E.4
'.,
'
12
'-'.
?- 42
l.1..lelders shall only l.LJork on such welding job. as they have been
qualified for it by examination. But those who have been Ejualified for
comprehensive fixed spot welding can also work on rotating flat walding.
6. 5
R8(~uiromorjs
A.
B.
VV\
10mm. The width of welds should COVGr an arGa about 2-3i \of the
bevel at each side,
C.
The joint of samples E!ho!-lld bG chGcked by radiographic examination in conformity with stBndard
,I
IV1echanical
oo
and impact test. The ti3st result should satisfy the mquiromonts
specified in the attachGd TablG-5. ThG locatTon, number and siZ8
of thG sample aro given in Annex-I.
Tabla-5
standald of mechanical propGrty
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _~q:;.::u:..:a::..:l:..:.i.:...:fi:..::c:..::a:...;:t~io=n of we I de d s amp Iss.
I
Grade
40
100
1Cr18Ni9ri
55
120
Cr18Ni2M02Ti
55
120
20
Note"
:J-Bend diameter
13
E.
5.5.
~l.E';r ft:~~
,)
cf!>: t.;
/,'
-.,-:-.
_.-/> ~7
",1,-
)--r-)
= .. 7 r,
..':J
_~
~.~';.
,'.:
...
- - '-:':''''-;9
.---~
-.'~l:)
.-
b
"r
}-(
. -.-:':Z,-/
j
I
~'-"
II
i
i
C--'
.. L
i
I
'/ '" /
___
/
O'''.z
---t--"-----~----.
..;:'
-I,
,~J
2 --...
-~
'~---i
6 0 - 7 ",
z.J
~'
"'.;.....:,.,
\r(~L
i
, c.:t__ ":)
--,-----
,
,
! .25~3'::
;? -;6
C' ,.- i
-' (::;
f--~
;-
~::A;,~
~.
'-~
'
.:}
,"--
'7-34
A c.... , I, ,
C.
'J.
.3
5 ,--
olj
Jf.
S-o-Ss
J/~D
"'~
-.J:
,-~""--
(;-FkR,~:/;'::
!
-L..L./.~
.'"
a JI
-:.=-: r-
/7--34-
''-Q
~-~---
5.7.
2 -5/'-'4
, I
I
I 30~4o I
13'~4'
I
I
---:::-:.-.,
;.' ','
---;-, -- -----,I,
,),--- 2.
-'- I
-~
.,
'iJrB
I "-
I ,
!
alignment.
-~
1Smm
C'1nri /
14
Whon the: part!.' are placed in alignment the axis of thE] two pipes
sh::Juld be on the same straight line with a deviation not morG than
"
1/1000.
6.3
32fora walding, remove all the dirts, greBse, moisturo and rusts
fnm the groove and its surrounding surface within
i3
br83dth of
10-20mm.
5.9
T::J guarantGe thG welding quality, both ends of the flux deposit
::Jf spot welding are prefBr.abl y inclined a little bit by way of grinding.
.-:..;::11 thickness
::If pipe(;7lm)
4-12
13-22
23-32
2-4
5-7
8-12
Serial No .
of passes
2-4
2.5
3.2-4
1-2
2.5-3.2
3-7
3.2-4
1-2
3.2-4
3-12
~'r
S. '1 ~~=quirgments for praheating and post wGlding heat troatmcnt for
'..-l:=ld2d joints 3ra given in Table-B.
Contd .. on page- 1S
15
Tco12 8 RequiremGnt for preheating & post welding h80 t
Treatmcmt.
Prsn85ting
=:;r::::dc
~:::ll
~I-.
!.oj
ilCKnBSS
(mm)
Surr:Junding temprature(oc)
z."r
!O
-10
L....10
7 10
1S-25
PreLJall
thickheating
tempera- ness
ture(o ) (mm)
c
Not preheated
100-200
Not pr8heated
20
20
2~
---/
c..~5
=t=:inI===
=:::::::1
/"
~ 12
7- 10
2E
~ r
>.(
150-250
Tljpe ::If
welding
Manual
electric
arc walding
II
Condition of
Haat treatment
N'J treatment
To be insulated
for gradual cooling
down after welding
OXY-:Jcdyll3nG Heated to
welding
850-900 DC insulatGd for a period
of every o-5-1mm.
flJr 1mm in wall
thickness of pipe
and coolGd in
natural air.
'",
-5
-5
30-100
Not tr::1'ltud
Ie
16
w2tar , for tho rest
Tamp:3roture for passivation treat mGnt ---------room temperature
5.13.
.0.,ftar thG C:Jmp13tion of Gach weld, the welder has to made cGrtain
st221 st2mp f::Jr eoslj distinction. The n Rocord of welding of high
5.14.
cX2minctL:m.
~L)lding
ce
examined radiographicl y is
5LJ% f:]r r:Jtatin,] fI2t walding and 100% for fixed welding.
...:Jhan a wald fails t::J pass the visual inspection and radiographic
:;.15
7.
~r:Jc'.1cti::m.
=-ic::!j inspection
-or
-.
- ..
c.
E.
~.
.'
7 ~ 3 . Besides the .
A.- conformity.,wlttl;drawlngs;"
B.,
c.
'
7.4 'Before the hydrostatic test of the higb pressure Sljfl tem ,
the high pressure piping should b!'l separated fr'om the low pressure
systemand equipments that ~re not to
be
tested hljdrostaticly .
Mark the place w here blind, flange is to bs provided and keep 'a
record for it. Meanwhile, open
in tho system.
Wetar is filled into the system in such a wal} that air is expelled
from the: piping thoroughly.
7.5
'
p ~\.50pL6J\
.
Where
,
(6)2.
P -
p-
-,
lG J1 \ .-:;J
... 1..:.' ~
7.7
DC.
...
~~
After purging, 'pneumEltic' testis c:arr'~e,d out for the' high pre~sur8
'piping,
Mak~
~'~peratecjJroITlJhe 'lOW.,.~(
. "
<
.'-.
'
18 .
7.10
~ualified
if there is
s::Jme leakage, dCJ nCJt mak8 uny repair when the piping is still
7.11
7.12
under pressure.
0..G'!l:::Jvo the tempprury blind p'latas after pne~matic test.
i-Ift.er hydrost3 ... C tGst, purging and pneumatic test, have the
tast r5sult Emterad int'J the" RECORLJ OF TESTING AND PURGING OF
HI-=OH PRE3SURE STEEL PIPING~'(5e8 Table 5 of Annax II)~which bgether
with tho tGchnical d::Jcumants specifi8d in 7.2, will servo as tho
t::st
C2 rtificate.
.~nn2~ I
';.
by turning to mi3ke the weld flush with tho pipe surfoce, In bending
'c.::;st, th3 bond diamGter sh::Juld bo equalt< to two times tho outside
/~
-\ .~4
--\J 20'1 ~#
(~O-~~
~/J
-s-
3.
-1 ~~'
,1:J
I~'..!~)r:
i.1~:i.j~
~)!:!,;
:~.~).~~.'c::'/'")
"",
~\:::'f)cl
.~':/7S':_'::'I:;
~1/eCJ!"'"
. ~.' .
-"'
'.
,r-,?<:./ n'){:- / )
\t-;':::~C,
",",,_-,,)
19
.
~
4.
1: . ,' ;-;'I~..f.~
..::=.~ :;/~~f_>
,"~~""E:: ,;.!l,).-:-/~
43x7.
43x40.
49x10
63x10
58x13.
83x11
102x14. 102x17
TVpo of
samples
felr tension
test
Tljpe of
sampiGs
for bending
tost
11
II
II
II
III
III
IV
IV
Tljpe of samples
for Impact test.
~f<
127x14, 127x17,
1S9xZ3,
127x21
180x3o
II
III
IV
(mrn)
b
(mm)
4 + 0.5
50+0.5
10 + 0.5
15+0.5
15 +0.5
20+0.5
20: 0.5
25+ 0.5
(mm)
20
25
25
30
(mm)
50 +
50 +
80 +
100 +
21
21
21
21
f\pb: The vEllve twillb8 d8tarminod blj the distance between clt3mps of the
CO'
,co
!D
N
'C
01
C
Ll
C
Gl
D
r-..
.....
1:.
. C:~=-J
:;:..-,
~I
ill
E
.....,
L.
1\,':
rE
"I
ill
CJ
......
).:
.,~
D-
1..""
',d
_J
'.
'I
I'
.-
"
,I
\.,
j
!
"
,)\
.'~
"<\
1\
Ie"
'.,\\;
'
\l I
,II,
1\
..\
(fJ
L.
.~
I
~'
II
lJ
...:tUJ
'1-
I, fl,
I.
. . . '-.. 1
II
E
r,J
1,
'.1
I1J
N
[J)
r'\
\\~l
T(~'"
t,
\;"
l'
lJ
.
"'
'-,
, .'
~\\ ~
':1
,\
",
(~
......
.0
r:1
fL.
o
"-
In
1:1
'\
'. .1"\
1.1 ....
I.
E
III
(I)
It-
I-I
IJJ
1:1
......1
en
.5
1:1 1.:1
1:1. C
;:-., III
1- 1]
21:
~t;7'
<:~;~~;./-A
r.-';
. .:': . -'~cT.
=...JL
i
\
i"
L
".:~;;~r,'
':-:-~ f\':T
~EJ~
'. :~;~-'f;~~/'
A ;~./
'~li---
V,
5":" f.2
r-"
~.
:.:, ~--;'.
~{
~j. :-,
.'l.
.j(;c/,
..-/{:, .
Grode
IlL
IT
nes~ Chemic31
-or
Inspected
Date'
b\}_ _ _ _ __
----------
22:
No
Name
Specificatian
Tljpe
--
--
~8ptt.
-~-
--------------
---
--
--------
------------
I _
.:~C:tC:l1 ~r3Wlng
i~~=.
~J:J.
=;
Fi;::in;
Grod8
Specificati:::Jn
--------
Remar ks
~her8Bfter
,
--
------
Inspocted blj
-~----
d3to_______
23
T:::blG 4 Rec~rd of wGlding performoncG ::m H.P.Piping
=~nSUr7lar
3arl.
Unit
Welding Unit
No.
P,mbi- Result of
Welding Pr8Nome &
ant
Examinaname
MatGrial hesting
& post
tGmp.
tiun & Nu. .' sign uf
. :::Jf IdGntifiwGldar
walding
heat
catiun.
treatment
welding
I
J
-----
3 eaCi-lMata- Ty",a of
OatG
InspactGd bV _ _ _ _ _ _ __
~~
2~
. '-.
......
Erection unit
Hvdraul ic Test I
P
LJCIrking :
CJur-Tssp.
:PreP
ation ult : ssure 2 ium
0
:ssure
e
II-"ig/cm
Kg/em h
No "_ _ _ _ _ _ __
IRemar-ks
ult
: ur-e
? ium
Kg/cm-
Inspecto r fi''flm
Technical_ Oeptt.
Inspector- fr-om
Emction Unit
-------
------------.
;Jate:
ult
--------------
RE~UIRC:;j\1;':';N'rS
TECHN ICAL
F'OR t:RECTION
STE~L
PIPING
CHApr~R
GENSRALS
CHAPT8R 2
CHAPTER 3
CHAPTER 4
~~LDING
CHAPTSR 5
CHAPTSR 6
OF PIPING
ACCEPTANC~
OF
PIPING
ANNSX I
AImSx II
~~N~X
III
<::::::::.
;;,??cr//d)'
_/."c
~
a,7rc::<l./cr
OF PIPING
dC//:?o
.
.?'7??;;/'
,.
'"
CHAPTSR 1
GSN~RALS
~rection
~ipings
d~S~cuse
pipings should be made in conformity with the designed requirernents or certain special requirementse
~:
,
CHAPT~R
PIPBS,
PIP~
FITTINGS AND
VALV~S
are
2.2.
prop~rty
~ade
2.3.
2.4.
1 -
diameter~400mm,
method~
~eore
va~ve,
CHAPTER 3
FAURICATION OF
PIP~~
AND
PIPE
~~
i"ITTINGS
3.1.
3.1.1.
3ending of pipes
Carbon st2el pipes may either be hot-bent or cold-bent,
but stainless steel pipes and alloy steel pipes are preferably cold-bent. iihen hot bend is performed, the pipes
are heated g=adually and uniformly. Temperature for bending and conditions of heat treatment should follow Table 1
..Jhen heating stainless steel pipes, diffusion of carbon
should be avoided
no watering is permitted.
.. ".){~
';',
...
TABLe.; 1
Material
Temp. for:
hot bend
(OC)
Carbon
steel
900-850
12C r rii o
15C r 1'1o
900-850
H~AT
TREATI"j;:;NT
Constant tempo
duration
Cooling
mode
Normalization
920-900
2 minutes for
every mm in
wall thickness
Natural
air cooling above
+5 0 C
1C r 18Ni9Ti
,.\"..r..!.
::; 8"!-l i 1-. 2'1'.10
~
ni
Cr 25Ni20
1000-900
Quenching
"
1100-1050
Sudden
cooling
in water
"
3.:.2.
The Dir.imuffi oending radius is 3.5 times the outside diar.1eter of a pipe wi th a nominal diameter~ 100mm, and 4 times
the outside diameter of a pipe with a nominal diameter
> l~OrTi"'.
3.
~.1.3.
A.
?i~e
suc~
like
ti2[~C~So
The reduction in thickness of pipe wall at bending curvature should not exceed 15% of wall thicknessD
Co
',
Ova I ~~y
C'1 . e
Maxo.O.Do
of pipe-Nino ood. of .'Jipe)
d oes
.
.
--'-"---i12:';~o 000. of pipe
-
>~"'"
~ ...
""~.o<
"
/"
<
; .4d.
. __._
_ _ ,. .60.
"""0-~~~,'~~~~~~ J
b
~.
'"
,__",[
}.-:::
_ir,'//
"..
..::.7."'~
,:...:...
;:"/;e
-__~,-
t;7r~~'
C /'.~ --/
~hen
bending
~ipes
....(.
,4.,
,:0
;
't~\ ,
f""J
,
-' \
\'
.'c- .
,'..,~~/.,./'.~\
-,~
:~
::~ 1. :J
-;:[ '; -
'~~~.
~::.
''',
"""
\,
::: \,.----__ "_i~..::~
,!~:
-'-"-
'!"-"~!',:"~@j
6::'
.9c:
3.
Ova11 ty
c.
3ending angle :
I~
~ + 4mm.
'"'
-
1%.
~
5mm!r1.
reguire~ent
is given. Sxpansion
~.
je
lo~ation
than 3mm on every meter and not greater than 10mm on the
'i::Jtal length.
3.3.
st~el
plates.
3.4.
;.4."1..
?refabricated piping
-.hen pipings are prefabricated, considerations should be
;iven to the teansportation and installation facilities.
3esides, appropriate union
~pening
complc~ted
section
...-J
J_(:o~-)--
(:~~cc
,N,
a;
.G"',-
-,
--
~llowable
,,'
." ;;:.;
:-.
s.:..~/, c.r...,.:::J..-;r'-/c
,:.-1,',:; "j,-,':J;-r;,)"
(f/~,iQr/':Jr;':i
c..';i--
F':.:,':.-?
L
~
. :
~.
1,..:
--;
,-.'7r:_-
.~.;- '~7-
-!fIe.
of
;::JrT7f'a,;r,.::a;1cr/
/1:rJC
~!
3.
C.
3mm.
~ j;
+ 3mrn.
3rnm/t'l.
~ 1.. 5mm.
D.
~.
F.
<. lmm.
~'r
<
CHAPTER 4
\J':':LDING OF PIPHJG
~elding
Table 3
Grade
',lelcJlnrJ t{od
,Jelding ,1ire
for Gas ;,'elolng
v~elding
'.viie
for Ar90n-Shi
elded Arc welding
-Carbon steel
(C ~O. 2%)
T422
H 08
H 08A
T4~6
T427
12Crf-'l0
TH2-7
d12Crf-10
15CrNo
TX]-7
H15CrfiJo
lCr18Ni9Ti
/\132
A.137
H1Cr18Ni9N6
Cr18Ni 12i"i02Ti
;~212
Cr25Ni20
A4U2
A407
HCr25Ni20
AG07
T1G-82
Cr16Ni36
18-12-f-'i 0 2 v.Ji th
Nb contained
Notes
1)
require;!1(.:::nt~
wire
shOLl 1d
lie
c12aned.
should not ;)e less than that for preheating. t;ach pac.is should
71cr-'
~.-.-
co~itive
--...:.'-
-----
'J~th
- ---
passes not
the welding
-----_.- - - - -
~ole.
----
'
'Z
pa~~s,
!;)rotectlon.
4.13.
~henever
out door
w~ldimg
is
p~rformed,
--
~.~
''i'
hee ling
Table 4
------------------------------------------------------------------------Grade
Temp_ of Preheating(OC)
----------
CClrbon
No prehea.ting
~tGel
12Crl":0
200-250
15Cri'io
250-300
1Cr18Ni9Ti
No preheating
Crl8!H 12ho2l'i
No preheating
Cr25Ni20
j\jO preheating
--.-
Cr-16,H36
'. ----------~-
['<0
._------ 9 -
preheating
5'/0
"
Dichromate
,Ja t,:':r, for the res t
Tempdrature for pickling
room temperature.
5%
2%
\~a'cer,
for the
r<-~.st
re~istance,
:J~ke
conl1:)1_..:.~J.9n__Qi___ we1_..9_:h~.
u~cd
The
should be che-
eked and calibrated dnd its contact point is in good condition. Finally, have the result entered int~ the record.
- Table 5
Grade
Condition of Heat-Treatment
~arbon steel
Stainless steel
,.;.
Not treated
For electric welding: Gradual heating at a
rate of <250 o C/hr, upto 680-7100C. Keep
this temp .:rature for 3 [l;inutes for every
mm in wall thickness. Then gradual cooling at a rate of 2.5-30C/~in. down to
300 o C o Finally, cooling in natural air.
For gas welding: Gradual heatin'J upto 930-950 o C. Keep this temperature for 1-1.5
rninu tes i or every !:Im in wall thickness.
Then gra~ual cooling to 300 o C. Further
cooling is done in nutural air.
~------
----~-------------.----
10 -
tl'"re
\vl~lds
ence of cracks.
and slag inclusion.
ercut depth does not exceed 10% of the wall thickness
and
t.;e 1','Ii.lX.
lOrllm. The widtn of w.:=ld is to cover about 2::lm over the \iJeld-
too.
are not less than 3. 15% for rotary welding and the
joints to be examined will not be less than 2.
For class I I I piping
rt.
Class I piping
'I -l
'?/C7
p~rc2ntage
the
porlIon to
In
Cd~e
~e
examined doubled.
on full length.
tion is
SU~)j
..s:~ceed
to Jje used
~-or
times~
the welders
examina-
templ~rature)
Ti'~::;T
FOR
The qua-
distan~e
cacul~ted
but the Max. distance will be not exceeding 50% of the outstde diameter of the pipe.
'",
( 1 + a
..:>
..:>
a + -13-
iJhere
a - coefficient of
defor~ation
on unit length
Table 6
~r25Ni20
~ualifi~ation
on Piping
and Cr16Ni36.
Bending angle
(d-bend diaD a-thickness
of the specimen)
~lectric arc
Oxy-acetywelding(aryon 1ene we1darc welding)
ing
'rensile strength
( Kg/mm 2 )
d .. 2a J!- 100 0
d==2a
a <10mm
It
d==2a
70 0
d=2a,;i!t 30 0
:;.. 80 0
Impact
strength
at room
temperature
( K~
i<i'iI cm 2 )
Not less
than 6
Not less
than 5
a? 10mm
;? 50 0
d=2.5a
11
160 0
corrosion tenden-
l'-'1ethod
YB14-64o
Convenient random check for hardness Qf the welded joint
~~-------~--.
of_~
CHAPT~R
5.1.
~.
Srection of piping
5.1.1.
A.
- 13 -
c.
st~p
entrance
desig~
piping is provided under the main piping or closely sticked onto the main piping.
means of
stea~
should De free
~hen
welds.
~ipe
support should be fixed before the pre-elongation of expansion joint. Number of stationary support on the same
straight section of
two
~Jhen
p~ping
ckage is permitted. It is located at half'way of the length of thermal expansion of piping but opposite in direction.
Once the piping is fixed to the slip-support, no relative
displacement should be found.
[{ang~~r
t~ermal
CHAPTER 6
o~
O~
PIPING
check~d
for confor-
ar~
Tho5:e
working pre~sure is> O.7Kg/cm 2 (gauge). aut the testing preSsure is not to be l~ss than 2Kg/cm 2 (gauge). ~hen working
pressure is less than O.7Kg/cm 2 , testing pressure will be
th~
6.2.3. When working with the hydraulic test, have th~ pressure
gradually boosted to the testing pressure which is kept
for 10 minutes, and meanwhile, check the
and packing of valves for
t:i.~~htness
w~lds,
flanges
t:10t:l)U(j~11yo
C. Two pressure gauges witlli ~n accuracy of class 1.5 and qualified after calibration ~hould be provided for the testing.
D. For piping with gn~ater IJotential difference, beside the
testing pressure the st~tic pressure of testing medium
should also be taken into consideration.
s.
accordin~ly.
6.4. for piping delivering fLlli1mable or hazardous medium, airtightness test i.:5 to bt::~ Illdde at a pressure of 1.05 ti!iles
the working pressure af t:'T ble said pipinC;j has been qualified by hydraulic te~t dnd purging but b~!ore putting
into operation. For pip.i!),] \'Jorking under a pressure of
~lping,
17 -
with water or
pu~ging
i ,.
--">
put
into operat':"on.
A working schedule should be made for the purging and
of consealed word.
'"
- 18 -
ffiVN~
~N~~
CH~H~CAL
.----------------------------.......--------.-,.-~.....,...~,.....-~.",..--..-.-:-----.~~-.
-1'1
c.
Mn
5..1
er.
Mo
N1
!l
-~~-----"~-"\
a....1A. A 3 O~...2~,
.
O~.U.7-
.10 0.14-
----
20 0 .. 170' ...24
._-
.( 0 ....15
"-.
O .. _12~
0.,18
Q~4G-
0'.. 65
O .. '1~-
0 .. 3:0
0 .. 3.:::--
O,~17""
O~&3
O"TJ
<. 0 .. ,12
'-.'
~.
0 .. 12
~O .. 04S
O",0S5
..,,-....,~
~2'2
__
~_.
?21
;; 34
0:.,.Iii-1-
C... ??:!'
0 .. 37
G'-... 17..
0.".3,,/
____ - ____.......----.--___
0-
( "L;;C-
0,,8:
( .155
'i e 1(
------ ---..
C..,4:bO .. i~0
() <;.,17-
0-".37
..c 0 ~ 35
O~4(
(. 2", (J;)
"""
::; 2 ",0
~ OC>O~
35
S:((C5~-
0 .. tu
('
(1.I1i.,..o--
[.!
__"" . .
CoO 2 ~_.
.--.-
~Co03
.:.!;~f;J\.J:~2,~
1S\ (
23 .. C~
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26.,('
22 .. 0
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----.....,...
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'-----~;r__-----,.....,,--- ~~-----""!"""I":"'~~"7"""'~
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--~-.--~-
fo.. 2 ..~,.
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11-;C5- 01930~
14.0 0 .. 8
16~(
;?- 42
... ~-.--~
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(.0 03
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~-.-----..-....__..-.-
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----~
8,,0-11 ... 0
~40
'::;()oO.r.
.-----.-!'~-
~0 ..
17.,(
19 .. (
~tJ... ~3J
~--
:::: (;~O':
--
t'l
Cl. _~~'
,:!S.O<.>Q~
~-------
~0 .. 20
? 24
~38
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0",04
:! 0 .,e~
0 .. 17-
t::. .....;..
L20
=--__
....
-.------~-~---.---. -.-----~--.------.-- ..
0 .. 8
~i
-"'-------,..
-~'-'--
1 .'.
p.i:'o1iel:'~;1l.<q.s t 2Q,9C; ~
)tl;r;;::\~,
~~,~,IV,,~g.,.
S:~qtiqn:~.~
ll"~;i%~~.
qv,~Gln~i;;.h
~':,\r1;t
V<.l:~~: ~H.
at~I!;),~;
fi'.'...
.r.eciqc
.
as
. ,. ~.i,.Qri
,.'
..
,
" ....
Kg/mm.4~\9JmF!12
%'
{4 ~4
,l\,~, ~'IA~ffl~
t-ic;h.~l'lill;l ~.l
s.
'r'i
,il:. ~5
~o
--------------------------------.----------------~------~----------------:.. --~--------~--~--~~.--~--~--~~--~--~---
i36 <0 .. 15
<.. 1.5-
~1 ... 0'
1\'$..,C,1~oe
340\03~ .. {;)
~ 0 ~ 03 . ,!f;; ID" ~B
..,. 19 -
...........,
;). 21. . . .
). 5S
.,.-
,'r...
.>.
40
. ..,...~
..."
+lA
,/1,&, :;S,
!!,.,-,
IT'
. ,r,
"
QI
III
;~~1
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~~ "4'
IJ
,',
Q)
\-':,
D.
-8'/
"h
II
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\<
",1
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'I
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"
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, ..
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",
i.
I),
;\
1
,~
''101
t.j
::~~
,I,r ....~
..:~ ,;;:',
,,~
lc,
t
~
......
't
'1/
-i~,I
'
'?
If
I .
.t..L_
'
II
ul IT--'~)
\'.
~ '.
'q
n...,t
-,
r/)
",I
CO
I\.
t ..
.,-_._.'---'
'
1'/
-'\
t()
'-'t)
1,\
..... :.
l~
,.('
(j
I l
,L_I\ j
'",. n---1T'
!i
I
.. ..
'\,
.-.~
'.r ...-
,I
...
j SCI
I, 'ii,
'l~ ~
-~,
Ii.
--Ii r- c/
"',......
..'
r;).
'.,
,'I
, i,
,
'.1,
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J;',
"
"
',~
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I
I
I, ",'
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II
II
d -iL-
IS~Ul
!::::::1
._--1 !!'
Tlr-:
r::~.
:\
i:
ANNEX
Class
II
IV
CLASSIFICATION OF PIPINGS
Working Temperature
( oC )
vvorking Pressure
(Kg/cm 2 )
>
orLl_
.>
40-64
:>
III
III
> 450
-1..40- -45
> 350-450
> -45-
-30
> 200-350
16-40
> -30-
.::.:; '16
-20
) -20-200
Notes :
1)
1"
:;.;--
~!,::in5~1?~s_~':IE~. _again.
'f
!'iCN;;
21
-----
'~ft?
/J,'e 'Sen t:
J/i)r~ f r ~..
(r'
('1
;171, YcJVNc.tS
.~
'.LD.::,.I'Ii',~
1'1E'T''HnI'
'116-SA-08
r9,8/,tJ
~
J
..J.!:'sTr:::C'f;P'I'IBILITY
TO
INTERGRANULAR CO:'1ROSION IN AUSTENITIC AND AUSTENITIC-FEB.RITIC
STAINLESS
STEEL.
'or
...... ~~.
",
''.i.,
. - '.
:: :::.. '
...;.~.
1
SCOPE
This standard recommended practices for detecting
susceptibility to intergranular corrosion in rolling
material~
1)
27:
1.
nec~ssary
structure conditions.
specified as follows:
1)
2
pnrchaser, the condition of its specimen should be that of
delivery.
2.
~nd
Heating Insulating
tempera- time
ture c
Cooling
type
-~
Cr18Ni9Ti, 1Cr18Ni9Ti,Cr18Ni11Nb,
1Cr18Ni12Ti, Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti, Cr18Ni12Mo3Ti,
Cr18Ni9Cu3Ti, Cr18Ni 18Mo2Cu2Ti,
650
2 hours
1Cr13Ni16Hb, Cr14Ni18\'12Nb
Air
cooling
Cr23Ni27Mo2TiIO~r23Ni28Mo3Cu3Ti,
700
10 Minutes
Air
cooling
Cr23Ni28Ho3Cu3Ti
700
10 Hinutes
Air
cooling
Note: 1)
tabl~,
requirements.
3
2)
3)
:~rnace
after feeding.
F.
ste~l
0
350 C and in
(450_850 0 C): the specimens of steel plate. steel pipe, steel tape
as well as other semi-products may be tested under the delivered
condition.
For hot-rolled steel pipe
3)
4)
The heating
:::'
3.
s~mG
intents of batch means that the steel pipes are of same oresmelting furnace No and dimensions.
4.
are as follows:
80mm (length)x20mm (\.ridth)x3-5mm (thickness).
5.
1)
th~t
3mm, the
as the standard
The test should
'~
6.
Shape steel:
specimens should be cut from the middle part of the section of the
shap steel, the thickness of the specimen is 3-5cm, the length
~~v
not
h0
R~ccifi0d.
70
The length
specificatio~s
location of steels
.~
8.
pieces.
4 pieces, two of them are used for 90 0 bend test directly and
the rest for test of intergranular corrosion.
10.
th~
'"
2)
10m~ in diameter,
cut a"
pi~es
are specified
in outer diameter l
the rolling
3mm to
15mm
~irection
of the pipes.
thicy~ess
If the
1mm to
3)
wall is greater than 5mm, the outer surface of the pipe wall
should be machined to 3-5mm in thickness.
Note: 1)The specimens cut from the steel pipes should
maintain their original structure conditionsj even thought the
specimen-is the cut and developed steel pipe as per 2) of this
item, any quenching-treatment for it is not allowed.
2)
This specimen is
usually practiced to ~xamine the quality &f welding rods and the
correction of welding process.
7.
If the thickness
2)
in steels
10mm in thickness,
--:...
-t;.-,_~
:...,::
p?
':-.!r(~::"f:!!?";::""'
;.~"".-:-.::,.,~
L,~~~~~"," '\
<',
~~~~
/
/ )
/~?'<./J/
r",.,"TiT"'< -1.;
,/-/~~\~f'~~;'/~~~'
//
,t/ ./~
. ',>,
-:
f }~ -,'"
//
~"
>
r---"\c<:;r----r' / '
l-l""\
,/,/
l~'~~~)
I
I
','
",. ~-:
',~
!~~7t
'/j
."/-,-,'",",..,:
..v,:....;
! ,,:'
/=;?1;
.....,--J/
.~
/~~?J~~::~'
,/,'
;:""'"
:-, ,'---:..-
',,:,",.
"
r; '/
~
I _.
~
f-:-.,-"
a-,..
(
10mm.
Notes: 1)
2)
8
13.
This specimen
3.
.::._,;r .-
-0~_;r
_~{;'c,:
/1 :
'-
---
'.)
;--7;1.-
1--
I----{.-L'
.-1
L_ \ ! _._-f- \
_ ' - - . . ! __ ~._.~,f
. ; --,~'
-:
piece,~f
14.
transverse welds,
'"
9
specimens of which the welds locate in the middle of the
ring and the length is not less than 30mm should be prepared.
Amony them 2 pioce should be taken to compression test prior
to intergranular corrosion test as per item 29, and other 2
pieces to intergranular test prior to compression test.
15.
1)
inspettion~
and
7.
Note:
steel,
3
50
10
III.
DETECTING HETHODS
(Abstracted)
18 ~
a.
~Dd
20.
1.
Scope,
b.
OCr18Ni9,
1Cr18Ni9,
Apparatus:
ground~ih,
.p
3.
a~
Test solution:
It is
11
c.
Procedure
a.
t2~k,
steel grade should be placed do not come in contact with each other and
then covered with a layer of copper scraps of 10mm.
Note:
b.
Pouring of solution:
be that the solution level 20mm higher than the layer of copper
scraps.
c.
Connect
solution to boilgingo
test period.
cooli~g
If boiling
is~constant
value.
~
d.
'",
If
accumulatively.
Note:
e.
reactor, then rinsed and dried for bending test in accordance with
items 25-29.
Notes:
1) If a layer of copper settled on the specimens can't
be cleaned by water, it maybe rinsed with 20-30%
(calculated in weight) nitric acid solution for
12
2)
OCr18Ni9,
1Cr18Ni9
Group b:
GC~18Ni9Ti,
1Cr18Ni9Ti, 1Cr18Ni12Ti,
Group c:
Cr18Ni12No2Ti,
IV.
Cr18Ni11Nb
Cr18Ni12t-103Ti
EVALUATION OF SUSCEPTIBILITY TO
INTERGRA.NULAR CORROSION
24.
items 19-21, should be removed from the reactor for rinsing and
subsequent drying.
in such a
Pre~~"'or hard
HZH
shape.
'",
HZH
Tubular specimens:
Cut specimens from the pipe of
should be bent to
HZH
3mm in diameter
13
Note:
3.
27.
Welding Specimens.
1.
(bend location includs weld metal and metal~f heat affected zone).
2.
For specimens
containing~corss
3.
No.-, two pieces of specimen should be bent along the length direction
of weld, and other two pieces from both sides of the weld and along
the fusion zone.
Note:
4 grams of
14
28.
1)
a.
31-33.
b~
shou~d
always be included in
~esto
30.
specimen which has been bent,;the materials should fail to pass the
intergranual corrosion (cracking that originates at the edges of the
specimen should be disregarded.
If transversal cracking originates on the surface of the
specimen which has been bent, duplicate specimens shall be tested
repeatedly, thus appearance of transversal cracking on anyone of the
specimens, the materials will fail to pass the intergranual corrosion.
If the above specified unqualified steels have been performed
again to heat treatment or selection" they should be sampled for test
repeatedly.
'.::<~'-"
31.
.~~
be guaranteed
t~
corrosion
piece).
),
magnification~
by measuring
~ch
1)
o
~'T'
2)
33-
test~The
X~
If testing
result~ a~e
diffe~eht
purchaser~
;?t. yovNVJ
116 - SA - 11
Technical
0;,
Requirements
For
Installation And Acceptance
Of
""
1979
/T/J/';o
'(fl'
'.
II)
.jJ
'D
.(..1
C
0
ru
1..,
til
.-1
ill
C
(}J
r_'J
.-1
(}J
-IJ
E:
c
.-1
'rl
::l
p~
ro
~J
'D
0'
(}J
4-1
::l
0
4-,
'l-l
r.:
0
.-1
0
(!J
r-l
..-l
(}J
c:
ru
n.
.jJ
ill
0
U
n:l
'""()
rcl
c:
r.:
0
.-1
GJ
-IJ
U
til
p,
C
~j
<::I'
t,
(Y1
til
rU
rU
~J
U
C
rcl
.p
0..
OJ
U
U
-<
Generals:
1.
1.1
for the HUFPL Project are only applied to the installation and acceptance of the reactors, heat exchangers and vessels made of carbon steel, low alloy
steel and stainless steel with a design pressure <..._----2
0
40 kg/cm (g) and a design tempo ranging from 0 to
0
200 C ..
1.2
Inst~11ation
will be performed in
~ccordance
103
1.4
1.5
~h~
onuipreant~
~hnuld
be
t~~~~~arted
to the
;:}11'
t-",h1 ""
Select
Disassemble the
easilY-~~~2~~rl
J. --
~~rts
Rnd indivicual
off.
1.6
~hen
hydrosta~ically
test-
pressur~
to the specified test pressure and then keep the pressure for 20 minutes to check all welds and connections for leakage.
age is found ..
1.7
L p e1(3.'=!'" +-"",1-
<:h':'111
ri
hp
""""'''''"''"'''-'''<>0 fnt'
the welds
After as-
1.8
'rr
:1-.",:-'0
1.8.2
under the pressure of lkg/cm-Cg) in order to check the tightness of the vessel
1.8 6 3
ried out,
instead.
pneumatic
1.8.4
Tightness test is to be
perfo~ed
at a
2
pressure of lkg/cm (g) with a duration of 24 hrs.
The amount of leakage should not exceed Oe2%.
1.9
equipments will not be done till the successful completion of hydrostatic test and all the welding work
{including having the platforms, supporting members
3 -
2.
Acceptance of foundation:
2.1
found~-
~hecked
is it permissible
2.2
~e
..
requirements:
Ao
B.
Ce
The space for final concrete grouting layer should be provided from the elevation in
accordance with the design requirements.
D.
- 4
+ 20 mm
;0
The
2.4
2.5
~
~
1
.1
3.
Installation of equipment;
3.1
I
.~
_ s __
3.1.1
Make
The
3.1.2
3.1.3
3.2
- 6 -
After alignment of
The final
3.3
equi~mento
am~leJ
the three-way
condary reformer, the waste heat boiler 01 the reforming gas and its connection pipe lines must be
lined before installation.
stallation should
~ot
Transpo~tation
str~~tlv
and in-
~o~birlrlen
so as to avoid breaking
of linings.
I
j
3.4
3.401
vation
3.4.2
+ 5mm o
3 0 4.3
line~
+ 5mm6
.--
3 .. 5
3 6
Q
requireme~tsQ
d=-5~n
4:
If it fails to
~'I<
4.1
---------
te=~al~
rln~
~nspection
r~mnlotion
m~nholcs,
ch~rqin.q __ and
- 8 -
discharging. in acr::::i='d-
.......
_-
Before they
1.2
air
with pipe lines according to tlTechnical Requirements For Erection And Acceptance Of MP And LP Steel
Pipes" (116-SA-06)"
4.3
certifi~ate
tion on packing.
b.
Records on
Co
stren~th
of
do
e.
fo
9 -
;>.
rl
0)
.Q
III
III
III
...
III
(:J
rl
0)
'tJ
:3
l\-j
III
rl
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'-H
0
rl
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'H
(J\
0.
..c;
>-
0
rd
q-<
III
C
'H
til
C
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til
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til
QJ
r:
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ra
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c
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rn
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4
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til
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r[J
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ru
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1)
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III
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III
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CONTi::.:NTS
10
GE:NL.RALS
2..
3.
4.
PRESSURE TEST
5.
Co
7"
ACCEPTANCE
-,..
;.
1.
GE:NSRALS
The technical requirements described here are only applicable to the installation and acceptance of high pressure vessels with a design pressure of 1GO-320Kg/cm 2 (gauge) and a
design temperature of. -50 SC~G
200C.
wo~k-
Certain
veGse~s,
1.4.
qu~l2.fication
materials and
fittin~sD
2.
ACCS~7~NC~
G~
VSSS~L
FOUNDATIONs
'"
2.1. ' The foundation concrete should be able to reach the design
strength. The surrounding area of foundation should be backfilled, levelled and well compacted. The civil construction
co~pa!1~'
2.2.
~-'::':;';-::;i1~i ,,1
to>
::lll?
4=nr-
r:1Jalifi~ation
certificate.
1)
2)
31
.,
~30mm.
t15mm(with consideration
~5mmo
+20mrn.
- 0
COffi-
plete threads.
Before
inst21]~~i0n
the foundation
3.
3.1.
Hav::>
t-.h8
Before cleaning, j;1ark \vi th steel stamp those parts and fi ttings that are required to be
~isassembled
so that after
All the bolts. nut~ ~nd gaskets of bigger diameter are not
2 -
exchangable.
Sealing gaskets
are not exchangable.
In case,a steel stamp mark is, n'ot
ing sUJ::face of a certain high pressure'ves:s'el, other, marks
.
'-'"
"."
completionofcle~nin~;
~
~,
'
'"
. ,.
~.
- ,-.'
visual
inspe~.ticn
. ", I ,
",
int:~;nals. shbuld.
be checked.
T.he"__~ealing face of
'."-::::::::;'::
provid~d
heat-treated~
After
~
treatmen~.
~nd
a)
,.'
deformatior."
anneal~ng,
clo~h .
".
"
",".
. (jO'Q-:].OpoC!,
"
bl
Temperature fOr
insulated
.
. gradual
.
~ ~
groov~s;
sandh61e~~
"
----.
~:'"'-~
<~
'4.
PR~SSUHE
T~~T
4.4.
end of
~he
th~
vessel located
near~
.,
pre-s-suj,~8
to a higher one as rated above. Testing pressure for high preBSllre vessels should be 1.25 times the worJ<ing pressure. ',lihen
-, 4 -
the testing pressure reaches this value, have it first maintalned' for a: period of 10-'15 minutes and then. reduced to
the working pressure. Now knock the welds with a hammer.
weighing
0.5Kg~
5.
CA)
5.1.
Inst~llation
~sting.
of vessel shell
working drawings.
5.2.
5.3.
1)
.... 5 . .:.;.
'.
Allowable deviation of
perp'ef1dicul~ritY;:
.
.'than
.
,
:",--
."
..,...
~9ncrete
cement mortar or
concret~used
gre~terthan
must be
the
of shim
plate~.
-.: ~. :~~
aretightened;~the
,,'
load bearing
knoc~ing
with
a small hammer.
5.8.
-~
is carried"out.
::th~ta
.: ....ila.. tion.
<: '." '~f-:.
~
619
.'"
...
I,
rating~
onlyaft~r
being
qualified.
The packing and internals are installed in such a way as
specified in tha drawings.
o
bJ'
the drawing.
>"
6.
After
tho "::C'':''':' 1
T~ST
OF
V~SSELS
::':::-+-"'0
:fn~
.- 7 -
catal~st.
7.,
ACCEPTANCE
if;
ofinstal~tion
test.
air~tightness
3)
4)
5)
'-'.I.
the vessel
....
-"
8 -
..,
<
"
>-
f;j
f2
s::
rf.l
c.!J
lit
0
~
:3
i::iI
tIl
':'-!
p:j
0
i::q
8
'~
rq
r,a
P
rl.
p:j
'\
C'-
<tj
rf.l
1.0
'\
'\
l.
'\
"~
,.
~,
~I
".
Req~~rements
It is rainingo
f'
9~~,
or
Number the weld seams on each sphere and keep tmrecord. Get the
welders, scaffo~ing ready.
Remove the rust, greaseancl. moisture fr"'m tm 'jevel and from an
3r88 of 30mm on both sides of each seam.
For liquid ammonia sphere, the bevels should 1e checked by
dyeing method on ground.
Preheating will beup to. 100c for N2 Sphere and 1.909 c f.:>r liquid
ammonia sphere~ Preheating shoul~ be uniformly made from the
back side of the seam and the temperature- measuring point will be
locat0d at the front side of seam keeping a distance of
50 mm from the seam. In the d.ur3tion of welding, this preheatei'.
temperature should 1. e maintained a.ll th8 way through. A certain
device should be prepared fot this ~urpose.
For liquid. amIDQuia sphere, insulation material shall be prepared
~efore welding so that tm completed weld seams may be timely
insulated_for grad1lal cooling ..
17
- 2 -
~50
~~i""rr
F-- 100----,.\'
'1
~"...~
Wel~ing o the equator longitudinal seam should be made symmetrically. This will be cllowed hy theweldingo trnsyuth
temperat'-; zone and then the north temperate zone.
Remov""e tho clamps beforG welding a lon$i tudinnl seam'. Grind the
initial part o a spot weld into cone to acilitate the
joining o u~ther welding.
~r.J.(~n weld.ing a longitudinal seam. The first :md the second passes
will be done in sections backwards. The length of each section
is 250 mm for the irst pass and 500 mm or the second pass.
ate~
,.
.,....
..edt tlr thG cOluj,lletit..n U.L auu'-lll.bljT of ct."" c'-,d pl8c.es, t::.:w.:-:;c.: .J...J3.J,-,,-,
of l1felding on the front side will be performed and then the roo':~:Y
of back sid,s is cleomed 8.Ud grotilld and visua:ly inspected. If '
no defect is found. Iveld:- :, :..:'~ '~" c i } ' ~:: ::-'l:~ and then the
front siee e
'
For welding the sphere s;:"pports, the first pass is done in s<$oti0T
interrdttentlyo Begining f::':-om tha second pass, the welding is
performed up"rards from both sic-les till the it7clld. height and angle
are satisfactory:
The reinf0rced itleld height of the 10:>J.gitudinal and circumference
seams on the spheres is' 2 ......... 3 mmo
X-ray exam::'nation 1I/ill be 25% for am.;:nonia liquor sphere and 1UD%
for N2 sphere following the reg;':.liroments specified by .JB928-67"
The stundarc. of radiographic examination of welc'~s", grade 30
-When the se2ms are qualified ~W this examina+;ion} hydrostatic tssr
be made o
In case of
liQ~id
ammonia sphore:
~,.
....
.- 4
d}.
0
ul,tG 200 c c5a o C ~or' 1.5 :u.vurs and l0 is ins.llated, 'i;llen
gradually cooled down 1 ground and dye-inspected.', If no defect
is -!::here, regrind the weld anq. preheat it uptu the specified ~;.' 7'
temperature Welding o~the internal seams should be done
continuously to the end. Tb.en, the welds are post ....heated for
1.5 hours, insulatad and cooled down graduallyo The temperature
between the passes should not be less than 150 c during welding.
0
"
,1
.r,.
Oil
./
3i;~~~
... _/"
. 11
II
II
II
II
II
"
"
II
II
II
II
.11
II
II
II
I
<>:1
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!2;1
1
!2;1
Pill
I
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<>:1
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HI
HI
e:l
!2;
"
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II
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Fl
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Fl
ttl
Pi
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II
~ >e:>( ~ ~ K>I
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toot J<::><
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1c:>(11
.1.1
.,i-
),
CON
I.
T E
S.
2.
3.
4.
II.
III.
LAYING OF INSULATION.
IV.
V.
VI.
INSPECTIONS.
VII"
PRECAUTIONS.
'"
",.
3
I.
NECESSARY
1.
diagr~m
drawing.
2.
N A 11 E
~nd
materials.
(~UANTITY
SPECIFICATIONS.
Valve
}11i
- 2" Pg16
Steel Pipe.
$21;'2"
Cloth-inserted
rubber hose.
Thermocouple.
OO_BOOo, WREU-100
20
tj.;.'l, .01"
159x1000
Pressure gauge.
Lf rl
Floater-type
floi'! meter.
Strip-Chart recorder.
Gear Pump.
Air Compressor.
UNIT
Pee
100
200
16
600
Pee.
M
Pee.
Pee.
LEB-25
Pee.
0_800C
2
2Kg/Crri , 125Kg/hr.
2
2Kg/cm j125Kg/hr.
2
BKg/cm , 3.0m 3 /min.
Set.
Set.
Set.
(0_10Kg/Cm )
Set.
55
M3
Vermiculite.
Diesel OiL
1 D6x3 T
3
2M
1l"l3
Set.
Set.
Pee.
Set.
Burner attachement.
Set.
Set.
~.
Oil Filter.
3urner and iEnitorD
4
II.
~...----c- ___
PLAN
__
,/'
ii"
1//
-"'--'>,
~J
/~
;:.~
...
\ "
iI ! . . /'
( I ":!-! (
!I
-6
!/ :
~ -,
{I
1\
?J
---'
:_"'~----,-----,
~-
\-,-
--{
!
:
II,
.\
'"",.,
-"- !--_.
'._.
".----~ /~/
~I
''-----~
IS
~
,.--.....
t
.6 :
......
,;~,/
\.
'---'/
,.0:,-..
.:!:~)
",'. . _:;.>
.~
',,,B_J.. ~-
/ - - -"-
1---,
(12)'/
\",;3:
..'
._----...--"'- ~--
;-;""-.-'
Notes:
1.
The No.8 and No.9 points are intended for hanging the
test plates.
20
c~rcles
,-
~ -.~----
:::-
-1". _
?,~--7.::-;.-
____ \
r
.
~ ~ .-~.,:",
'"
.--
~~."
,">.' _\(:
5
III.
LAYING OF INSULATION.
Vermiculite is used as the insulation material
of the spheres.
The
I:OV:KSNT OF
SUPPO~TING
LEGS.
fo~ndation
embed~ent
to a certain
of 5 steel
~ll
be shifted 5mm
'~
~r- ;-:-f7i
--
.....
j-,-,-t--__-
application.
2.
3.
v~lve
4.
5.
2
The air pressure is to be kept at O.5Kg/Cm
10.
Temperature drop:
Close the baffle,
heat die out.
Meanwhile, observe
before.
"-'.
~ HeLJ;~
un-I
~i
'"~<,\,
..;..,
,0'' '
<:";.1.1:'1
-',
;..1
s:
.,
I
''0''
'"
'-
~srJ-
"
.~~.
.5,::, :...
:'
30 0
dj~
.....
..\.,"
o
Before the temperature reacheR 315 C, the speed of
The difference in
The speed of
temper~ture
nrSPECTIONS
2.
Metallurgical examination.
-i
~!>
VII.
PRECAUTIONS.
1.
car~
The
workin~
fa~
sho~ld
be prepared in sufficient
~he
4.
It is advisable
~o
provide a weather
protection shield.
-,,-g-g-"-O-
, 'i'
~jid/"
--116-SA-18
~=====================================================
"
1 I ~ U I DAM H 0 N I A S P HER E.
--------------------------------------------
Q
Q
Q
===~=============~=======================~============
'~
-.
CON
1.
TEN
S.
'1
2.
3.
4.
II.
III.
LAYING OF H1SULATION.
;)
IV.
V.
VI.
INSPECTIONS.
VII.
PRECAUTIONS.
, 'i-
I.
NECESSARY
2.
N A H E
}2tl - 2"
Steel Pipe.
,0)';~II, '~'i,
Thermocouple.
!/
20
Pg16
Valve
Cloth-inserted
rubber hose.
QUANTITY.
SPECIFICATIONS.
.01"
,0W', ,0}4", .01;4"
0 _800 0 , \OlREU-100
( NiCr-NiSi 1=1.2m
?
Pce.
100
200
]vI
16
3mm)
UNIT
600
Pce.
Extension liire.
Eu-2x205mm~,
,0159x1000
Pee.
Pressure gauge.
2
Lfn (0-1 OKg/Cm ).
Pce.
Floa ter-t;nJe
flow meter.
LEB-25
Pee.
Strip-Chart recorder.
00_80o o c
2Kg/Clli 2 ; 125Kg/hr.
Set.
Set.
Set.
Gear Pump.
Air Compressor.
2Kg/cm ,125Kg/hr.
2
~
BKs/cm , 3.om.J/min.
sup~ly
Set.
of
Vermiculite.
Diesel Oil.
',,
r1 3
55
1.6x3 T
3
2M
Set.
1I'l 3
Set.
Pee.
Set.
Burner attaehement.
Set.
Set.
Oil Filter.
Burner and ignitor.
4
II.
spher~is
shown below:
ELEVATION
PLAN
,?2~.~----~
/
f~-.
/.~'
,.-
,;
!If
(t
- ~:-----
L
\
.....
------.,
L.
~ ~
d.
--~---.j-
,tt
"~~':"__~7;/
~~-------
...."
"----.-.:--------
i;'
-'
.a!
Notes:
1.
The No.8 and No.9 points are intended for hanging the
test plates.
20
,.. ~
..?-....~.
!:] ,.)(
...-'.
.--,~,
:'f~.:
',--
Ii
I',
I;
I --:---.--,-- ......
"---f'"
(~~..,..-""\
I
.L
~>__ ._L--~::~=-
F--=~~:~~~~---'"';'/'
f'
".r/
'11__
,oj lC"'
5
III.
LAYING OF INSULATION.
The
fo~ndation
to a certain
~ll
be shifted 5mm
or levers.
Similarly~
OPBBATION PIWCEDURE OF
Ai'mEjd~IIiG.
+r
1
~ -r~ ,--1"~'
:>7"
I'
application.
2.
The
ope~ating
3.
4.
5.
6.
-
7.
Ignition:
'1
...
Once the air pressure is stabilized, the gear pump may
~
~e
fails after 1-2 minutes' try, stop oil supply to air the
minute~
bl~ning
again~
If any
fo~,
increas~
of the amount
of oil supply.
8.
Temperature rise:
When the burner is giving stable flame,
t~mperature
rise
should be taken
that the increase in the amount of both the oil and the air
is gradual and in pro-portion with each other ~ince the
flame will likely die out when the air pressure in the
amount of both the oil and the air is gradual and in proportion with each other since the flame will likely die
out when the air pressure is greater than necessary. When
2
air pressure reaches 3Kg/Cm , have the flame stabilized for
a certain period to observe the speed
as indicated by the recorder, which
0
of~
i~
temperature rise
6xpected not
In
Be sure
If
""
accirdents, switch off all the power eqUipment and close the
valve.s and the baffle immediately.
9.
'
"
.;.-
7
10.
Temperature- drop:
Close the baffle,
heat die
~ut.
MeanWhile, observe
o
Before the temperature reacheR 315 0, the speed of
The d~fference in
period v
INSPECTIONS.
The following inspections should be made after the
complet~on
1.
of annealing:
2.
...
Metallurgical examination.
C>
VII.
PRECAUTIONS.
1.
fa~
3.
4.
protection shield.
-.-0-0-0-0-
",.
~
Sajid/"
iO!-
i)
--.
p:===
IF====================================================jf
~
116-SA-19
..
~
~
~
=====================;==========~=======================
",.
I.
the
~e
also be observed.
(1)
hand~operated
electric
arc welding:
a.
2.5mm
3.2 mm
rods or
Beginning from
th~
,.
....
(2)
~ay
of joining are
shown in Fig.1.
(3)
(4)
Visual inspection
b.
(5)
II.
pip~s:
(1)
when it is used.
(2)
(3)
(4)
Cr18Ni1~402Ti,
protq~tion.
bo
(5)
')8
preheated to a temperature
"',.
Qualification requirements.
~
JB 928-67.
3 as specified in
The intercrystalling
-.-.-.-.- ....
Sajji/*
/Tl
Yptl.tVJtS
/98/LJ
..
...
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
Fon
FOJ-['l'ABLE
BH.INEL
HARDNESS
TEs'rEH
Type
HEX - O.~,
,
(f!.HINt4-)
~,.
.;~
,I
CON'rENTS
GERNERAL INTRODUCTION
II
APPLICATIONS
IV
.~,.
GENERAL INTRODUCTION :-
portab~e
advanta~e8:
...
III
AHLICATION
t-
suit~ble
in metallurgy
ul til.a.te tensile strength value (6b = 0.3, HE) of the stee 1 can
be found out in the attached table 3.
III
;,.
,
punchi~~
force to the
staHl ball
4
5 WClrling epring _
6
Hook
Il.S
to
Hook sea.t
@
9
10
contact or
...
IV
t-
.\
fix the steel ball pressing head and the steel ball to the
!'
preBsing rod.
the impr~Bsion depth of the steel ball lsee attached table 1).
However
10
flO
h n nr1
.... 1 _
@)
tho toutpiec8, by now the preosing rod woulJ move into the
~ontactor,
6)
'rl1 iii
attached table 2.
7)
?).
Should tho
on maintenunce
Precau~ion6
1)
Hegularly fill the moving part or' the tester wi th thin lubricating
oil (spindle oil NO.1 or DewinG mad'ine oil).Oil filling can
COl;.zer.
In
CtWG
of Jumllgt} of
internnl part.
any
l.
\1hil,
the
dll.ma{~eu
]( 8J1/~G
ot' B ri n81
Hardnooo vu1ue(HB)
'l'(j~ltpitJco
("J-i~:
(ll:.m)
;,. 1.1
1 Ull
'fJ{j
: i.U
)- ~!(jl..'
-SUD
1 \ j . I)
>yJu
t Ul;
, . Ij
L -
.~~
tlliclcneu6
.. ,:-.., ....... :
Table 2
"
,;(f)" ,
Irnpreosion
HE
dia
d
epl0
----
._-
I~
\.
\:
'.'"
"" I
dia
-'--
,--"
410
2.68
-" - - - - - - ,,-Impression
HE
dia
d
10
HB
10
,.
2.66
-"
248
3.50
149
427
308
3.10
;-:A2
).5~
145
2.70
415
3. J,?
2:;6
3. ')'f
HI
2.72
404
:3. i 1
;:')0
3.56
2.74
?
.76
393
382
316
3818
~ ~~I:~
35(3
1'57
1 y)
220
3.hO
1)0
'2.78
2.80
2.82
371
3.20
215
127
361
3. ~:2
~10
362
3.64
351
341
3. :24
205
,200
121
331
3.;:>8
3.66
3.68
3.70
2.88
7?'"l
2.90
313
3.3 0
3.32
2.84
2.86
....
Impr"""ion
297
331
3.36
17il
28~i
3.38
173
' '5. AO
10<1
282
310
311 It '1
Hi9
3.82
102
16')
100
294
296
2.98
187
161
i 261
34 /J.
3.46
3.81
3. n 6
157
3.RE3
3.48
153
390
3.02
275
268
3.04
3.00
1-- -----,-------,
116
1- P?
,J._
(~
305
'
196
1 nl
118
3.7?
37,t
3.76
3.78
.J L.
2.92
3.06
3?!}
124
254
113
110
lOR
106
""-~
98
86
1-,-----/
94
Table 3
hardnoss vRluo
__
- .
...
~"~
."
HB
33HB
HB
6,
~O;~3jm
I,::
6h~.
33 RIl
217
272
,'266 --
98
211
205
76
,150
54
71
1.41)
,_52
96
56
94
92
~'oo
72
1139.
19,1-
,',;)
250
90
189
70
6n
')0
48
l?B
4G
,24t1.
!:239
68
113'5
66
.12?
-1 'J"'
86
178
64
117
tl-?
84
172
62
111
40
S2
167
60
106
38;'
80
161
5B
100
36
261
'., \:255 .
<
;:<~o.
100
II'
iX':',:.~'
fSh
278
r.
( '.
--
I~.
'
.~
1":