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Whatisthedifferencebetweenacurrenttransformer&apotentialtransformer?

Current Transformer

1.

The secondary of a C.T can not be open circuited on any circumstance when it is under service.

2.

A CT may be considered as a series transformer.

3.

The primary current in a C.T is independent of the secondary circuit conditions (burden).

4.

The primary winding of the CT is connected in series with the line carrying the current to be measured. Hence it
carries of the full line current.

5.

With the help of CT, a 5A ammeter can be used measure a high current like 200A.

Potential transformer

1.

The secondary of a P.T can be open circuited without any damage being caused either to the operator or the
transformer.

2.

P.T may be considered as a parallel transformer.

3.

The primary current of a P.T depends upon the secondary circuit conditions (burden).

4.

The primary winding P.T is connected across the line of voltage to be measured. Hence the full line voltage is
impressed across its terminal.

5.

With the help of P.T, a 120V voltmeter can be used to measure very high voltages like 11KV.

Magnitization or excitation curve for a

Current transformers

Current transformer Schematic diagram

I1: primary current.I2 = Kn I1: secondary current for a perfect CT. Is: secondary current actually
fl owing through the circuit. Im: magnetizing current. E: induced electromotive force. Vo: output
voltage.
Lm: magnetization inductance (saturable) equivalent to the CT. Rct: resistance at the CT
secondary. Rwir: resistance of the connection wiring. Rc: load resistance.

The Current Transformer

The Current Transformer ( C.T. ), is a type of instrument transformer that is designed to produce an alternating

current in its secondary winding which is proportional to the current being measured in its primary.

Types of Current transformers

Based on the function performed by the current transformer it can be classified in to as follows:

1. Measuring current transformers

These current transformers are used along with the measuring devices for the measurement of current, energy and power.

2. Protective current transformers

These current transformers are used along with the protection equipments such as trip coils, relays etc.

Based on the function construction it can be classified in to as follows:

1) Bar Type: This type of current transformer consists of a bar of suitable size and material forming an integral part of the
transformer.

2) Wound Type: This type of CTs have a primary winding of ore than one full turn wound over the core.

3) Window Type: CTs of this type have no primary winding. The secondary wind of the CT is placed around the current flowing
conductor. The magnetic electric field created by current flowing through the conductor induces current in the secondary winding
which is used for measurement.
Define

FULL ANSWER

Potential transformers are parallel connected, and are designed to read the voltage
phase and ratio relationship during metering. One can connect the primary terminals on
a potential transformer in two configurations. These configurations include line to line, or
line to neutral.

There are three different types of potential transformers, including an electromagnetic

type, a capacitor, and an optical. The optical
potential transformer s used in conjunction with electrical properties
of optical equipment. The capacitor type is used for higher voltages, and the
electromagnetic potential transformer is of the wire-round type. In potential
transformers, burden and accuracy are combined, as they are dependent on each other.
Most potential transformers have smaller cores and capacities when compared to power
transformers.
When using a potential transformer, certain quantities need to be scaled prior to use.
These include power, voltage, demand and energy. The use of transformers and
potential transformers will require some basic electrical wiring knowledge, as well as
experience with voltage.

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