BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONS

CHAPTER 23
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Electronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi

DATA-LINK PROTOCOLS AND DATA

COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS

DEFINITIONS

1)

The primary goal of __________ is to give

users of a network the tools necessary for
setting up the network and performing
data flow control.

2)

A set of rules implementing and governing

an orderly exchange of data between
two layer devices.

3)

The transmitting station in a data link

protocol.

4)

The receiving station in a data link

protocol.

5)

Data link network wherein all stations have

equal access to the network.

6)

Discipline, Flow Control and Error Control.

7)

Coordinates hop-to-hop data delivery

where a hop may be a computer, a
network controller, or some type of
network-connecting device

8)

9)

Determines which device is transmitting

and which is receiving at any point in
time.
Coordinates the rate which data are
transported over a link and generally
provides an acknowledgement
mechanism.
Prepared By : MARY JANE R. ROGELIO

TERMS

Network Architecture

Data-Link Protocol

Master Station

Slave Station

Peer-to Peer Network

Functions of Data-link Protocol

Line Discipline

Line Discipline

Flow Control

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BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONS

Electronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi

10)

Specifies means of detecting and

correcting transmission errors.

11)

Two fundamental ways that line discipline

is accomplished in a data
communications network.

12)

It determines which device on the

network can initiate a transmission and
whether the intended receiver is available
and ready to receive a message.

ENQ/ACK

13)

The initiating station begins a session by

transmitting a frame, block, or packet of
data called _________, which identifies the
receiving station.

Enquiry(ENQ)

14)

The response of the destination station

when it is ready to receive.

Positive Acknowledgement (ACK)

15)

The response of the destination station

when it is not ready to receive.

Negative Acknowledgement (NAK)

16)

The best application of the poll/select line

discipline.

Centrally Controlled Data Network

17)

A solicitation sent from the primary to a

secondary to determine if the
secondary has data to transmit

21)

A set of procedures that tells the

transmitting station how much data it can
send before it must stop transmitting and
wait for an acknowledgment from the
destination station

Prepared By : MARY JANE R. ROGELIO

Error Control

Enquiry/Acknowledgement(ENQ/ACK)
and Poll/Select

Poll

Flow Control

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Electronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi

22)

The transmitting station sends one

message frame and then waits for an
acknowledgement before sending the
next message frame.

Stop-and Wait Flow Control

23)

A source station can transmit several

frames in succession before receiving an
acknowledgement.

Sliding Window Flow Control

24)

It refers to imaginary receptacles at the

source and destination stations with the
capacity of holding several frames of
data.

Sliding Window

25)

Primary advantage of sliding window

control.

26)

Primary disadvantages of sliding window

flow control.

Complexity and Hardware Capacity

27)

Interpret a frame of data as a group of

successive bits combined into predefined
patterns of fixed length, usually eight bits
each.

Character Oriented Protocols

28)

Another name for character oriented

protocols.

29)

A discipline for serial by bit information

transfer over a data communications
channel.

Bit Oriented Protocol

30)

A character-oriented protocols generally

used on two point networks using
asynchronous data and asynchronous
modems.

Asynchronous Data link Protocols

Prepared By : MARY JANE R. ROGELIO

Network Utilization

Byte-oriented Protocols

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BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONS

Electronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi

31)

Developed the first file transfer protocol

designed to facilitate transferring data
between two personal computers in 1979.

Ward Christiansen

32)

Cristiansen's protocol which is relatively

simple data link protocol intended for lowspeed applications.

XMODEM

33)

Remote stations can have more than one

PC or printer.

Synchronous Data-Link Protocols

34)

A group of computers, printers, and other

digital devices.

Cluster

35)

A synchronous character-oriented data

link protocol developed by IBM.

36)

Another name for BSC.

Binary Synchronous Communications

(BSC)

Bisync

37)

Another name for enquiry (ENQ)

character.

38)

The __________ uses longitudinal

redundancy checking (LRC) with ASCIIcoded messages and cyclic redundancy
checking.

Block Check Character (BCC)

39)

A synchronous bit oriented protocol

developed in the 1970's by IBM for use in
system network architecture environment.

Synchronous Data-Link Control (SDLC)

40)

41)

Three transmission states.

Flag Fields, Address Field, Control Field,

Information and Frame Check Sequence
Field are __________.
Prepared By : MARY JANE R. ROGELIO

Format or line turn around

Transient, Idle and Active

SDLC Frame Fields

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42)

43)

It is used for the delimiting sequence for

the frame and to achieve frame and
character synchronization.
It is used for polling, confirming previously
received frames, and several other data
link management functions

Electronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi

Flags

Control Field

44)

Three frame formats with SDLC.

Information, Supervisory and

Unnumbered

45)

A command or a response that is used to

send unnumbered information.

Unnumbered Information (UI)

46)

A command that places a secondary

station into the initialization mode.

Set Initialization Mode

47)

A response sent by a secondary station to

request the primary to send a SIM
command.

Request Initialization Mode (RIM)

48)

A command that places a secondary into

the normal response mode.

Set Normal Response Mode (SNRM)

49)

A response transmitted from a secondary

station if the primary attempts to send
numbered information frames to it when
the secondary is in the normal disconnect
mode.

50)

A response sent by a secondary when it

wants the primary to place it in the
disconnect mode.

52)

An affirmative response that indicates

compliance to SIM, SNRM or DISC
commands

53)

An exchange of frames between the

primary station and a secondary station.
Prepared By : MARY JANE R. ROGELIO

Disconnect Mode (DM)

Request Disconnect (RD)

Unnumbered Acknowledgement

TEST
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BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONS

54)

A flag followed by eight consecutive logic

0's.

55)

A SDLC subcommand causes all

previously set functions to be cleared by
the secondary.

56)

A SLDC subcommand causes the

secondary receiving it to turn on or turn
off its carrier.

57)

58)

A SDLC command causes the addressed

secondary station to pace itself into the
monitor mode.
A SDLC command causes a secondary
station to loop its transmission directly to its
receiver input.

Electronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi

Turnaround Sequence

Clear

Beacon Test

Monitor Mode

Wrap

A SDLC command causes the

59)

addressed secondary to initiate a series of

internal diagnostic tests.

Self-Test

60)

The transparency mechanism used with

SDLC.

Zero Bit Insertion or Zero Stuffing

61)

It is used prematurely terminate an SDLC

frame.

Message Abort

62)

The encoding scheme used in SDLC.

63)

Standard that defines the frame structure,

delimiting
sequence,
transparency
mechanism and error detection method
used with HDLC.

Prepared By : MARY JANE R. ROGELIO

Invert-On-Zero Coding

ISO 3309

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BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONS

Electronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi

64)

Operational Mode of SDLC.

Normal Response Mode (NRM)

65)

A mode of operation logically equivalent

to a two point private line circuit where
each station has equal data link
responsibilities.

Asynchronous Balanced Mode

66)

A switched data communications network

similar to the public telephone network
except a PDN is designed for transferring
data only.

67)

It is used when making a standard

telephone call on the public telephone
network.

Circuit Switching

68)

Is a form of store and forward network.

Message Switching

69)

Another name for packet switching.

Public Switched Data Network (PDN)

Hold and Forward Network

70)

A user interface as the international

standard for packet network access.

X.25

71)

SA logically equivalent to a two point

dedicated private line circuit except
slower.

Permanent Virtual Circuit (PVC)

72)

A logically equivalent to making a

telephone call through the DDD network
except no direct end to end connection is
made.

Virtual Call

73)

Identifies whether the packet is a new call

request or a previously established call.

Format Identifier

Prepared By : MARY JANE R. ROGELIO

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BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONS

Electronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi

74)

A 12 bit binary number that identifies the

source and destination users for a given
virtual call.

Logical Channel Identifier

75)

This four bit gives the number of digits that

appear in the calling address filed.

Calling Address Field

76)

This field is the same as the calling address

field except that it identifies the number of
digits that appear in the called address
field

Called Address Length

77)

This field contains the destination address.

Called Address

78)

This field is the same as the called address

field except that it contains up to 15 BCD.

Calling Address

79)

This field identifies the number of eight bit

octets present in the facilities field.

Facilities Length Field

80)

This 32 bit field is reserved for the

subscriber to insert user level protocol.

Protocol Identifier

81)

A proposed network designed by the

major telephone companies in
conjunction with the ITU-T.

Integrated Services Digital Network

(ISDN)

82)

Customers gain access to the ISDN system

through a local interface connected to a
digital transmission medium.

83)

ISDN objectives that ensure universal

access to the network.

System Standardization

84)

Said objectives that allow customers to

use a variety of protocols and
applications

Achieving Transparency

Prepared By : MARY JANE R. ROGELIO

Digital Pipe

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Electronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi

85)

ISDN should not provide services that

preclude competitiveness

86)

Provide private-line and switched services

refers what objectives of ISDN.

87)

ISDN services should not be directly

related to cost and independent of the
nature of the data.

88)

Provide a smooth transition while evolving.

Migration

89)

Provide service to low capacity personal

subscribers as well as to large companies.

Multiplexed Support

90)

Translation between non-ISDN data

protocol and ISDN is performed in this
device.

91)

A boundary to the network and may be

controlled by the ISDN provider.

92)

Refers to interfaces between the common

carrier subscriber loop and the central
office switch

93)

The media interface point between an

NT1 and the central office.

94)

It is defined by ITU-T as a service that

provides transmission channels capable of
supporting transmission rates greater than
the primary data rate.

95)

Information transfer is primarily from

service provider to subscriber
Prepared By : MARY JANE R. ROGELIO

Separating Functions

Variety of Configurations

Addressing Cost-Related Tariffs

Terminal Adapter

Network Termination 1

U-Reference Point

U Loop

Broadband ISDN

Distribution Services

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BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONS

96)

97)

98)

99)

100)

Codes the data information into smaller

packets used by the BISDN network

A connection between a source and a

destination, which may entail several ATM
links.
Once data have entered the ATM
network, they transferred into fixed time
slots called ________.
Controls the flow of traffic across the user
network interface (UNI) and into the
network.
The first three bits of the second half of
byte 4 specify the type of message in cell.

Information fields that are designed to

accommodate PCM-TDM traffic, which
101)
allows the ATM network to emulate voice
or DSN services.

A portion of a public service provider's

switching system where the service
102)
provider could be a local telephone
company or a long-distance carrier.

Provides the most effective and

103) economical means of handling local data
communications field.

A communications system that allows

104) users to send messages to each other
through their computers.

105) LAN Topologies.

Prepared By : MARY JANE R. ROGELIO

Electronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi

Broadband Node

Virtual Channel

Cells

Generic Flow Control Field (GFC)

Payload Type Identifier

Constant Bit Rate

Public ATM Switches

Local Area Networks (LAN)

E-Mails

Star, Bus and Ring Topology

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BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONS

Electronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi

106)

It describes how users access the

communications channel in a LAN.

107)

Access method used primarily in bus

topology.

108)

It two stations transmit at the same time,

________ occurs.

Collision

109)

The time it takes a signal to travel from a

source to a destination.

Propagation Delay

A base band transmission system

110) designed in 1972 by Robert Metcalfe and
David Boggs.

111)

Its purpose is to establish clock

synchronization.

112)

It is simply a series of two logic 1's

appended to the end of the preamble.

113)

Consists of six bytes the corresponds to the

address of the station sending the frame.

Prepared By : MARY JANE R. ROGELIO

Network Access Methodologies

CDMA/CD

Ethernet

Preamble

Start Frame Delimiter

Source Address

177