Professional Documents
Culture Documents
SUBSTATIONS
In the Power System of the Future
Terry Krieg
Chairman CIGRE Study Committee B3 - Substations
Overview
Background
CIGRE Study Committee B3 Activities
Challenges in Industry
Trends in Substation Development
The Future Substation
Questions
Background
3.0%
2.5%
2.0%
1.5%
1.0%
0.5%
0.0%
Australian Productivity
Australian Productivity
(source WEF)
Common Problems
Labour:
Labour costs
Increased level of management
Skill shortages, staff retention
Staff (and consultant) resistance to change!
De-engineering of organisations, reducing
innovation
Capital Delivery:
Regulatory environment
Industry unbundling and privatisation process
Design standards & procurement options
We need fast delivery, minimised, predictable costs
We need to do more with less!
Who is CIGR?
Conseil International des Grands Rseaux lectriques
B : SUBSYSTEMS
C : SYSTEM
D : HORIZONTAL
SC A1 Rotating Electrical
Machines
SC B1 Insulated Cables
SC C1 System
Development & Economics
SC D1 Materials &
Emerging Test Techniques
SC A2 Transformers
SC B2 Overhead Lines
SC C2 System Operation
& Control
SC D2 Information Systems
& Telecommunication
SC A3 High Voltage
Equipment
SC B3 Substations
SC C3 System
Environmental Performance
SC C4 System Technical
Performance
SC B5 Protection &
Automation
SC C5 Electricity Markets
& Regulation
SC C6 Distributed Systems
& Dispersed Generation
SC B3 Structure
SC B3 Secretary
Study Committee
24 Regular Members, 14 Observer Members, 2 Special Reporter, all WB Convenors
B3.13
B3.25
B3.31
B3.34
B3/C1/C2.14
Circuit Configuration Optimisation
B3.36
Special Considerations for AC Collector
Systems and Substations associated with
HVDC connected Wind Powers Plants
B3.35
Substation earthing system design
optimisation through the application of
quantified risk analysis
B3.29
B3.32
B3.30
Guide to minimize the use of SF6 during
routine testing of electrical equipment
JWG B3/B1.27
Factors for investment decision GIL vs.
Cables for AC Transmission
WG B3.24
Benefits of PD diagnosis on GIS condition
assessment
WG B3.37
Internal arc effects in medium voltage
switchgear (1-52kV) - mitigation techniques
B1/B3.33
Feasability of a common dry type interface
for GIS and Power cables of 52 kV and
above
SC B3 Membership
Study Committee B3
Mission:
Scope:
SC B3 Brochures
B3.11
B3.12
B3.15
B3.29
562
B3.25
567
B3.10
B3.17
B3.20
B3.18
B3.21
B3.22
B3.23
B3.26
389
462
354
472
499
390
430
439
400
532
483
Events
Stakeholders
Profitability
Utility
Ellagen
Legislation
Health & Safety
Report inventory of SF6
SF6 leakage limited by law (California)
Import tax (Australia)
Trend 1
Standardisation to achieve innovation
Base Documents
Current
State
Substation Design
Design
Policies
Primary
Functional
Specifications
CAPEX
Review
Secondary
Future
State
Vision
Concept
Design
Civil
Reference
Tech
Tech
Design
Stds.
Stds.
Manual
Tech
Tech
Tech
Specs.
Specs.
Specs.
Tech
Tech
Other
Specs.
Specs.
Docs.
TB389
Trend 2
SMART Grids
Traditional Topology
Future Networks
Centralised and distributed
generation
Micro-grids
Intermittent generation
(wind/solar)
Multi-directional power
flow
Load adapted to
production
Operations based more on
real-time data
Energy Storage!
Energy Storage
Trend 3
61850 Development
IEC 61850
IEC 61850-8-1
GOOSE
NCIT Development
Process bus enables introduction of NCIT using fibre
optic sensors
Advantages:
Reduced substation environmental footprint
Design and construction savings
Trend 4
420 kV SF6 CB
1950
SF6 Breakers
2 Chambers/170 kV
2000
Disconnectors with
open contacts
1950
2000
SF6 Breakers
1 Chamber/245 kV
Vacuum
Hybrid
DS
Disconnecting
CB
DCB
CT
BB
BB
ES
VT
CT
ES
VT
43
Source: Hans-Erik Olovsson, SC B3/AA1 2011
Rotating
Withdrawable
44
Source: Hans-Erik Olovsson, SC B3/AA1 2011
Nano-composites
(a)
Figure 1.4.1
Trend 5
Urban Substations
Originally in outskirts of city, now surrounded by
Urban Aesthetics
Trend 6
USA 765kV
Japan 1100kV
Planning since the 90s
Existing 500 kV to 1100 kV
Some lines built for 1100 kV
Energized at 500kV, later 1100kV
1100kV subs under construction
Key Features:
V = 1100kV DC
P = 22,000MW
L = 5,600kM
Cost = ?
Trend 7
Asset Management
Modern asset management:
Financial Sector:
PAS-55 Framework
Consideration of risk
Information systems
Changes to design standards
New test techniques:
Trend 8
Alternative Materials
SF6 substitution: Pilot installation of 145kV CO2 circuit
breaker
Robotics
Substations Evolution
Islanding
Control
SVC
Voltage &
Load
Control
Energy Flow
G
Fault
Limiter
Storage
Load
Load
Demand Response
Load
Future Substations
Switching stations fully enclosed, contacts in SF6
Reduced maintenance, fault tolerant 1 -CB, 2-CB
Conclusions
Future Substations
Questions
It is not the strongest of the species that
survives, nor the most intelligent that
survives. It is the one that is the most
adaptable to change.
Thankyou
TERRY KRIEG
tkrieg@globalskm.com