Word Builders

Digitized by the Internet Archive
in
2013
http://archive.org/details/wordbuildersOOclau_mtj
Word
Builders
by Valerie Vos
illustrated
by Marc Johnson
cover design by Jeff Van Kanegan
Publisher
Instructional Fair TS Denison
Grand Rapids, Michigan 49544
About the Author

Vos received her B.S. degree from the
University of Colorado in Boulder. She has over
Valerie
twelve years' experience in various positions and
assignments in Tucson, Arizona, where she lives
with her husband and three daughters, Valerie has

five other
middle school teacher resource books
currently in print.
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grants the individual purchaser permission to reproduce the
student activity materials in this
book
for
noncommercial individual or classroom use
Reproduction for an entire school or school system

publication
may be reproduced
by any means,
is strictly
prohibited.
No
only.
part of this
for storage in a retrieval system, or transmitted in
any form or
electronic, mechanical, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written
permission of the publisher. For information regarding permission, write to Instructional Fair
TS
Denison, P.O.
Box
1650, Grand Rapids,
MI
49501.
ISBN: 1-56822-549-0
Word Builders
Copyright
1997 by Instructional Fair
TS Denison
NW
2400 Turner Avenue

Grand Rapids, Michigan 49544
All Rights Reserved
Printed in the
USA
Table of Contents
the World with Words
Greek Root
Greek Influence
Greek Way Prefixes
Greek Way Suffixes
Oh, Those Ologies
Words From Greek Mythology
The Alpha and Omega or The
Beginnings and Endings
The Twelve Labors of Hercules
Words and Grammar
Around
The
The
The
The
2
3
Word Building
Find the Noun
32
33
The
Preposition,
By
the
Book
Reference Books
A Gold Mine
Heat
Name? Places
Name? People
Flames and Other Analogies .37

38
10
Cliches
What's in a
Mi Casa es Su Casa
French Lessons
11
Something Borrowed,
Something Blue
13
Hyphens
South of the Border^
14
Apostrophes
Music
15
in a
12
^The Italian Influence
or
Folk Song Treasury
17
And
18
19
Pear or a Pair?
20
The Colors Around Us
21
Aesop's Words to Live By
Antonyms How Opposites Attract .22
Definitions
Building on Words
.23
By Word of Mouth and
Other Common Phrases

Common Usage Problems
of Transportation
Weather Today Is
Rivers and Waterways
Paths and Passageways
Gems and Jewels
Upon the High Seas
SSSSSounds in the Night
The Art
Stretching Your Dollar
Words
Often Confused
Is It a
16
Modes
House
Homonyms
Distinction ... .40
41
Everyday Words
Word Geography
Compound Words Around
the
Lines of
39
The Marks of Possession
Words and More Words
34
35
36
of Information
(seven-twelve)
31
The Object,
and the Phrase

What's
30
(one-six)
Animal Adjectives
"And All the Better to Smell
You With, My Dear"
Nouns Stepping Stones to
the
of Managing
24
Money
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
Dressing for the Occasion
51
On
52
the
Dance Floor
In the Kitchen
53
Cooking with Spice

Now and Then
Origins
26
Leaders
Abbreviations
"First Ladies"
A Better Word
27
28
54
55
56
Slimy Sluggish Slugs and

Other Word Twisters
Answer Key
57
29
Is It
Word
Build
This or
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Is It
That?
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25
iii
IF2726 Word Builders
A Note from the Author

Word Builders contains many
skills.
command
Gaining
fun-filled activities that will
new words
over
improve student vocabulary
builds not only a stronger vocabulary, but also
helps to build self-confidence as well.
The book
is
divided into four sections, each providing practice on a different focus of
vocabulary development. The

suffixes,
culture.
first
section contains activities
and words with an international
The second
flair that
on root words,
prefixes,
have become a part of our
own
book focuses on confusing pairs, common usage

is on parts of speech and proper
section concentrates on correct use of words that are a part of
part of the
problems, and word origins. In part three the emphasis
grammar
usage.
The
last
our everyday vocabulary.
Readings are current and contain high-interest content for middle school students.
Through
the varied format that includes puzzles,
students will
become more
word
familiar with everyday
searches, and other formats,
words and word meanings and thus
develop stronger vocabularies.
The
activities
A complete answer
you build a better word!
vary in difficulty and can be used in any order desired.
key makes
this
an excellent self-help teaching
Instructional
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iv
tool.
Have fun
as
Around the World with Words
The Greek Root

The English language
is filled with words that stand alone, such as age, or words that
can be divided, such as misspell.
word that stands alone is a base word. A word that
can be divided can have three parts. These parts are the root, prefix, and suffix. The root
is the meaning of the word.
Below
Greek roots and their meanings. Choose a word from the word bank
same meaning as the root and write it in the blank.
are
that
contains the
1.
anthro
human
2.
bio
life
3.
dem
people
4.
derm
skin
5.
geo
earth
6.
hom
same, similar, regular
7.
hydr
water
8.
log
study,
9.
morph
form, shape
therm
heat
10.
Word Choice
Meaning
Root
word
1 Word
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Bank
biology
geography
epidermis
thermometer
democracy
metamorphosis
hydrant
homogenized
apology
anthropology
The Greek Influence

The following sentences have missing words that are derived from the Greek language.
Using a word from the word bank below, complete each of the sentences. Not all the
words
1.
will be used.
Thomas Alva Edison, considered by many

the
2.
The top
human
is
4.
_,
is
largest
the science that studies all living things.
the science that studies the earth and
The instrument which measures
its
physical features.
the temperature of liquids, solids,
called a
Abraham
one of the
is
body.
3.
6.
in 1877, his favorite invention.
layer of the skin, called the
organs of the
5,
the "world's greatest inventor," called
which he invented
and gases
is
Lincoln, the sixteenth president of the United States, described a

as a
"government of the people, by the people, for
the people."
7.
To
fight fires properly, firefighters
obtain enough water to put out the
8.
9.
need access
Following pasteurization, milk is

distributes the fat globules evenly so the
When
a person
commits an
to a
to
fire.
error, the
_.
fat
does not
This process
rise to the top.
proper course of action
is
for that person to
make an
H Word
Bank
biology
geography
apology
epidermis
zoology
thermometer
orthodontist
democracy
philosophy
metamorphosis
anthropology
phonograph
homogenized
historical
hydrant
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The Greek Way

common Greek
that contains the
words
to
change
their
prefixes and their meanings.
Choose
Prefixes are added to the beginnings of

are
Prefixes
same meaning
as the prefix
and write
it
meanings. The following
word from
in the blank.
word bank
Not all words
the
will be used.
Word Choice
Meaning
Prefix
1.
amphi
both, around
2.
anti
against, opposite
3.
cata
down, against
4.
dia
through, across
5.
exo
outside, external
6.
hyper
over, excessive
7.
hypo
below, less than normal
8.
mono
one
9.
para
beside,
10.
peri
around
11.
pro
before, in front of
beyond
Word Bank
hypodermic
monarchy
parallel
perimeter
psychology
hypertension
amphitheater
antiseptic
genetics
exoskeleton
diameter
symphony
prologue
catastrophe
custom
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The Greek Way
Suffixes
A suffix is added to the end of a word to change its meaning.

which part of speech the word
is.
The following are
common
Suffixes determine
suffixes
and
their
meanings. Choose a word from the word bank that contains the same meaning as the
suffix and write it in the blank. Not all words will be used.
Word Choice
Meaning
Suffix
one concerned with
1.
an (ian)
like,
2.
dom
state, rank,
3.
ician
specialist in
4.
ics, tics
art,
5.
ism
belief in, practice of
6.
ist
7.
ite
condition
science, study of
one who believes

engaged in
in,
one
inhabitant of, one
connected with
8.
ize
make, cause
9.
ness
quality, state
10.
oid
having the shape of
11.
ward
in the direction
to
be
of
Bank
alcoholism
barbarian
taxidermist
cardiac
intercede
forward
happiness
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Oh, Those Ologies
Logia comes from the Greek language meaning "the science of or "study of." The
English language has adopted this ending, to identify the many fields of study that
exist today. For example, biology is derived from bio meaning "life" and ology
meaning the "study of." Biology is the "study of life."
Following are
1.
Audiology
a.
2.
4.
6.
poisons
one's ancestors
8.
is
Paleontology
9.
a.
10.
is
is
c.
organisms
b.
human customs
c.
ancient documents
b.
fossils
c.
weather
b.
the past
c.
the heart
b.
ants
c.
birds
b.
spiders
c.
fossils
b.
earthquakes
c.
prisons
b.
existence
c.
God
b.
drugs
c.
birds
the study of
the study of
is
the study of
poisons
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existence
the study of
Life
Toxicology
a.
is
embryos
Theology
b.
the study of
rocks
Seismology
a.
the weather
the study of
is
the nervous system
Ornithology
a.
c.
the study of
is
earthquakes
a. fish
7.
hearing
the study of
is
Neurology
a.
b.
the study of
is
Meteorology
a.
5.
the study of
is
Genealogy
a.
"ologies." Circle the correct definition.
the nervous system
Ecology
a.
3.
common
TS Denison

from ancient Greece about gods and heroes have contributed many words to
Each of these words has a story behind it. Aftgr reading the story,
define the word used today.
The
stories
the English language.
The
Titans, a race of primeval giants, ruled the universe before the
When
Zeus arrived
years.
From
1.
Titanic
Odysseus
odyssey
2.
is
Olympian gods.
Mt. Olympus, he overthrew the Titans in a battle that lasted ten
the Titans the
word
titanic is derived.
means
Odyssey, an epic
way home
at
poem by Homer,
tells
of the travels of the Greek hero Odysseus on his

many adventures and strange encounters,
following the Trojan War. After

finally
reached his native land ten years
later.
From Odysseus,
the
word
derived.
Odyssey means
Mt. Olympus was home to the Greek gods and goddesses. Though they often fought
among themselves and behaved childishly, they are remembered for their majestic,
divine qualities. From Mt. Olympus the word Olympian is derived.
3.
Olympian means
King Minos of Crete had a huge structure built to contain the Minotaur, a half bull-half
man. Thieves were sent to this structure, where they were unable to find a way out. They
wandered through the maze until they died of starvation or were devoured by the
Minotaur. From the structure that Minos built, the word labyrinth is derived.
4.
Labyrinth means
_.
While Odysseus was fighting

his faithful advisor. Mentor.
5.
in the
From
Trojan War, he entrusted the education of his son to
this advisor, the
Mentor means
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word mentor
is
derived.
.
The Alpha and Omega or

The Beginnings and Endings
Greek alphabet, the A (alpha) means beginning and the Q (omega) means the end.
In this activity, you will work with the beginnings and endings to words. Define the
following words by stressing the force of the prefix. For example: hypothermia
below
body temperature
In the
1.
amphibious
2.
anti-aircraft
3.
cataract
4.
diagnosis
5.
exotic
6.
hypersensitive
7.
hypogene
8.
monoplane
Suffixes can be noun-forming, adjective-forming, and verb-forming. In the following

sentences, identify the
word
in
bold
italics as a
noun or
adjective
by writing "noun" or
words in bold
"adjective" in the space provided. Underline the suffix in each of the

italics.
9.
As
the
studies
American population grows older, geriatrics,

how Americans age, also continues to grow.
10.
In our galaxy, the asteroid belt lies between
11.
George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four
is
the branch of medicine
Mars and
which
Jupiter.
a disturbing novel of a totalitarian
society.
12.
In 1946, Orwell achieved his greatest success with
anti-communist
13.
Judaism
14.
When
is
satire.
the monotheistic religion of the Jews.
the members of the United Nations gather

assemblage of people from around the world.
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Animal Farm, an
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in
New York,
it
is
heterogeneous

(one
II
six)
is one of Greek mythology's most famous heroes. Zeus' wife

Hera hated Hercules and his mother, a beautiful princess. Hera was able to make
Hercules go mad. During his time of insanity, Hercules killed his wife and children.
When Hercules regained his sanity, he pleaded with the gods for a way to cleanse
himself of his evil deed. Their response was that he had to complete 12 difficult tasks
given to him by King Eurystheus. Following are the 12 labors of Hercules.
Hercules, the son of Zeus,
1.
The
first
labor
was
to kill a beast
Hercules removed
this beast,
its
ravaging a city in Eastern Greece. After killing
skin and
wore
it
as armor.
Unscramble the
letters to identify the beast.
ONIL
2.
'
The second labor was
to kill the Hydra, a nine-headed serpent. Hercules

succeeded by cauterizing the necks as he cut off the heads.
Cauterize means to
3.
The
third labor required Hercules to capture a wild stag
Eurystheus.
a.
4.
male
adult
The
property.
b.
fifth task,
goat.
c.
to
c.
adult
male elephant
which was destroying

King Eurystheus, the king
A wild boar is a
hog.
d.
ram.
which fed
Hercules drove off a flock of destructive
b.
bears
c.
apes
d.
birds
King Augeas where 3,000

39 years. Hercules had one day to
sixth labor required Hercules to clean the stables of
oxen lived. The stables had not been cleaned

complete his task. He accomplished it by
it
flesh.
lions
The
male horse.
Hercules arrived to present the animal to

he shut himself up in his house for days.
of the swine family. Its domestic cousin is the
on human
6.
adult
When
dog.
For his
a.
b.
terrified that
member
5.
deer.
fourth labor required Hercules to capture a wild boar
was so
a.
and return
A stag is an
in
make
a.
asking his father to hurl his thunderbolts and
b.
turning the course of a river to flow through the stables and
c.
asking Neptune, the god of the seas, to bring the
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it
rain.
wash them
floods upon the land.
out.

(seven
7.
twelve)
For the seventh labor, Hercules had to capture a wild bull that was killing people on
a nearby Greek island. This Greek island was
a.
8.
Hawaii.
b.
Tahiti.
c.
Crete
d.
Atlantis.
For his eighth labor, Hercules traveled to Thrace and captured the man-eating horses
of the evil King Diomedes. When Hercules arrived, he killed Diomedes and fed him
to the horses. Unscramble the letters to describe the change in the nature of the
'
horses.
ENTGLE
9.
The
a.
10.
Amazons and bring back the

and gems worn by the queen. The Amazons were a nation of
ninth labor required Hercules to conquer the
girdle of gold
Eskimo women.
The
b. strong,
tenth labor took Hercules
on
warlike
women.
c.
Polynesian women.
a long journey to the west coast of Africa to kill
the three-headed giant, Geryon. In addition to slaying Geryon, Hercules had to slay
his guardian, another hideous beast. Hercules
Unscramble the
letters to identify
succeeded in killing both beasts.
the Geryon 's guardian.
ODG
completing his tenth labor, Hercules returned to Greece. He then learned his
him back to Africa in search of the golden apples from
the garden of the Hesperides, three lovely maidens. Once he found the apples, it
was not the lovely maidens he had to fight but a beast who helped the maidens
11. After
eleventh labor, which took
protect the apples.
Unscramble the
letters to identify that beast.
RGODAN
him to the Lower World to capture Cerberus and return him
Once Eurystheus saw the beast, Hercules returned it to the Lower
World. Cerberus was a
12. Hercules' last task took

to Eurystheus.
a.
three-headed dog.
b.
four-headed dragon.
c.
five-headed serpent.
Once Hercules returned the Cerberus, he had successfully completed his twelve
At the end of his life, Hercules won immortality. He was taken to Olympus and
welcomed as one of the gods.
13.
labors.
Define immortality.
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What's
The following
in
a Name? Places
are familiar proper names.
Each name
is
followed by four pairs of
definitions. Circle the letter of the correct pair.
1.
2.
3.
Vancouver
a.
French explorer, island off the northeastern coast of Canada.
b.
French explorer, island off the southwestern coast of Canada.
c.
English explorer, island off the northeastern coast of Canada.
d.
English explorer, island off the southwestern coast of Canada.
Phoenix
a.
Capital of Arizona, a bird from Arabian legend
b.
Capital of Arizona, a large bird from the dinosaur age.
c.
Capital of Nevada, a large
d.
Capital of Nevada, a two-headed bird from Greek mythology.
is
reborn from
its
ashes.
of the parrot family.
Victoria
a.
Capital of British Columbia, Canada,
b.
State in Southeast Australia,
c.
Capital of British Columbia, Canada,
d. State in
4.
member
which
Southeast Australia,
Queen of England from 1837-1901.

Paris
a.
b.
Capital of Austria, son
Andromeda from
c.
the sea monster.
Capital of France, son of Zeus
Andromeda from
d.
who abducted Helen and caused the Trojan War.

of Zeus who slew the Gorgon Medusa and saved
Capital of Italy, Trojan prince
who
slew the Gorgon Medusa and saved
the sea monster.
Capital of France, Trojan prince
who
abducted Helen and caused the Trojan
War.
5.
London
a.
Capital of the United
Kingdom, English playwright famous
b.
Kingdom, American
novelist
famous
for
The Call of the
novelist
famous
for
Moby Dick.
for Hamlet.
Wild.
c.
Kingdom, American
d.
Kingdom, English playwright famous
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10
for Pygmalion.
What's
in
a Name? People
Circle the letter of the correct pair of definitions.

1.
Swift
a.
Scottish writer
famous
for Treasure Island, a small fast-flying bird.
b.
Scottish writer
famous
for Peter Pan, a small fast-flying bird.
c. Irish
d.
writer
famous
for Gulliver'^ Travels, a small fast-flying bird.
American writer famous
for
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, small
fast-flying bird.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Frost
a.
English poet, thin layer of frozen water vapor.
b.
American
poet, thin layer of frozen water vapor.
c.
American
poet, thick layer of ice.
d.
English poet, thick layer of
ice.
Jupiter
Roman god
Roman god
a.
Largest planet in the solar system,
b.
Largest planet in the solar system,
c.
Fourth planet in the solar system, Greek god of the heavens.
d.
Fourth planet in the solar system,
Solomon
a. Group of islands
b. Group of islands
c. Group of islands
d. Group of islands
Roman god
of the heavens.
of the oceans.
of the oceans.
in the
North Atlantic Ocean, tenth-century ruler of
in the
North Atlantic Ocean, twentieth-century ruler of Egypt.
in the
Western Pacific Ocean, twentieth-century ruler of
in the
Western Pacific Ocean, tenth-century ruler of
Israel.
Israel.
Israel.
Revere
American statesman.
a.
City on Chesapeake Bay,
b.
City on Massachusetts Bay,
c.
City on Massachusetts Bay, American Civil
d.
City on Massachusetts Bay, Admiral in the
American statesman and
patriot.
War general.
War of 1812.
Pluto
a.
Sixth planet in the solar system, Greek god of love.
b.
Capital of Argentina, ninth planet in the solar system.
c.
Roman god
d.
Greek god of love,
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of the underworld, ninth planet in the solar system.
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capital of Argentina.
11
Ml Casa es Su Casa
house is your house" is a common Spanish phrase peopl e use to welcome guests
homes. Following are descriptions of other types of homes where people live
today and have lived in the past. Match the description to the dwelling by placing the
"My
into their
letter in the blank.
DWELLINGS
1.
A one-storied tiled house surrounded

a.
apartment
b.
bungalow
A group of rooms on one floor
c.
castle
forming a residence for a family.
d.
chalet
e.
cottage
f.
flat
by a veranda
2.
3.
Farmhouses found
in the
Swiss
mountains.
4.
A group of rooms in one building
g-
hacienda
h.
igloo
i.
j-
5.
A Spanish term for the main house

on a large farm or ranch
Southwest
6.
in the
k.
1.
m.
lodge
mansion
palace
shanty
villa
A residence to royalty in feudal

times.
7.
A crude hut found among the lower

economic
classes.
lake or mountain resort.
8.
Small house
9.
A small shelter often used during hunting season or as a vacation home.
at a
10.
A domed-shaped hut made from blocks of snow inhabited by Eskimos.
11.
A very large, stately, impressive residence.
12.
A large country residence, often a second home.
13.
The
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official residence for a
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bishop or other exalted personage.
12
French Lessons
Many
the
foreign words have found their way into the English language. Using words from
word bank below, complete the puzzle with these French words that are common to
the English language.
ACROSS
1.
Exhibition of art
3.
The end of
performance
7.
One who
enjoys the
quality of life
10.
Custard-filled pastry
12.
A mixture of unrelated
objects
13,
A young lady making

her
first
social
appearance
DOWN
2.
A pre-dinner alcoholic
drink
4.
Indifferent
5.
Small specialty shop
6.
8.
Main course
Hotel guest service
agent
9.
The "best"
10.
Performing group
11.
Good
luck
South of the Border

With our neighbors to the south so close, it is no wonder that many of the Spanish
words used in Mexico have become a part of the American vocabulary. Using words
from the word bank below, complete the puzzle.
ACROSS
1.
Dry, densely
wooded
area
3.
Polite
form
for
addressing a
7.
9.
12.
13.
man
Extremely masculine
Bullfighter
A devoted person
A large hat
DOWN
2.
Village
4.
Horseman
5.
Priest
6.
Small saloon
8.
A small cabin or
structure
An
overwrap; blanket
with hole in the center
11. Quickly
10.
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14
Music
Italian
words dominate
The Italian Influence
the English language
when
it
learns early the importance of understanding Italian
comes
when
to music.
The music student
playing an instrument or
singing in a choir. For everyone else, understanding these terms gives a better
appreciation of music and
how
it
is
played.
ACROSS
From
the
Italian
word bank below complete
the puzzle with the
2.
Lowest female voice
6.
Leading female
8.
An
terms defining musical expressions.
in the choir
singer in an opera
10.
operatic melody
The conductor
n. When
music gets
louder and louder
12.
the
Music played quickly

and disjointedly
DOWN
1.
Singer with the

highest voice in the
choir
A highly skilled
musician
To play very loudly
Music played very
slowly
Music played in a
lively
manner
Without
accompaniment
Word Bank
Instructional
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TS Denison
15
a capella
crescendo
prima donna
allegro
fortissimo
soprano
alto
largo
staccato
aria
maestro
virtuoso
Words and More Words
Word Geography
Did you know that the word hamburger takes its name from the German city of
Hamburg? The hamburger was originally called "Hamburg steak," When German
immigrants came to the United States, so did the Hamburg steak, which ultimately
became the hamburger.
Following are other common words and their unusual places of origin. Select the correct
country to which each word belongs.
1.
Baloney, a luncheon meat,
is
word derived from
the city of Bologna, located in
the country of
a.
2.
b.
Denmark.
c.
Brie, a soft, sharp-tasting cheese, originated

a.
3.
Sweden.
Belgium.
b.
Denmark.
d.
from the town of Brie

c.
The small cabbage-shaped vegetables
France
France.
Italy
in
d.
called brussels sprouts get their
Italy.
name from
the capital city of Brussels, located in the country of

a.
4.
nickname
Ocean
called
Portugal.
for coffee, takes
Indonesia.
b.
Nigeria.
The name
b.
c.
it
name from
Philippines.
The small orange-colored fruit

African country known as
a.
6.
b.
Java, a
a.
5.
Austria.
c.
Netherlands.
the
main
Solomon.
called tangerines get their
Morocco.
c.
Zaire.
d.
Belgium
island chain in the Indian
d.
Marshall.
name from Tangiers

d.
in the
Egypt.
is also the name of one of the Marshall Islands

Ocean where hydrogen bombs were tested in 1946. This swimsuit and
for a two-piece swimsuit
in the Pacific
Pacific island are called

a.
7.
thong.
When
b.
bikini.
c.
fishnet.
d.
wetsuit.
the Pilgrims arrived in America, they discovered a bird they recognized
homeland. This bird came to England by way of a country which bears

name. The name of this country and the bird is
their
a.
Paraguay.
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TS Denison
b.
Peru.
c.
16
Turkey.
d.
Monte
from
its
Carlo.
Compound Words
Around the House
\
Following are some interesting

the
bits
of information about
home. Form compound words from
the
list
provided
common
in the
items found around
word bank
to identify
the following descriptions.
1.
A man-made device for which the Chinese have two names, "wooden ox" and
"gliding horse."
2.
This inexpensive substitute for woven tapestries originated in France.

popular after the increase in the number of paper mills in Europe.
3.
Once used as whistles by

Germany in 1921.
4.
5.
The
art
back
to
primitive societies, this whistling pot
made
became
It
its
debut in
of preparing this snack food began with the American Indians but dates
300 B.C.
This wheat flour patty takes its origin from the Egyptians as far back as 2600 B.C.
the 1933 Chicago World's Fair, the popularity of these flat patties spread as a
warm and friendly black woman served the fair visitors. She was affectionately
known as "Aunt Jemina."
At
Form
six
more compound words
identifying items around the house
from
the
remaining words in the word bank,

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
tea
bath
high
barrow
cakes
waste
corn
paper
mat
wheel
basket
salt
pan
kettle
washer
wall
pop
chair
dish
flash
shaker
light
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1
I
Homonyms or Words
Often Confused
Homonyms are words that have the same pronunciation but have different meanings.
There are two types of homonyms. Homographs are spelled the same but have different
meanings. For example: kind "helpful and considerate," or "class or groups of objects."
Homophones are words that have the same pronunciation but are spelled differently and
have different meanings. Match each homophone to its correct meaning.
smash or
split apart
1.
surf
a.
to
2.
serf
b.
the
3.
aisle
c.
harsh, grating, lacking in smoothness
4.
isle
d.
a long
5.
baron
e.
to
6.
barren
f.
7.
course
g-
a large
8.
coarse
h.
a small island
9.
hoard
i.
10.
horde
j-
11. sac
12. sack
13. alter
14. altar
k.
1.
member of the
passageway
modify or make
different
person attached to the land and required to provide

services to the land owner
group or crowd
a large bag
the
waves on
the sea
not producing, sterile

a device for slowing
m. path,
n.
lowest grade of nobility
route, to
down
a vehicle
move forward
a baglike structure, found in plants or animals,
which
contains fluid
15. brake
0.
a hidden supply
break
P-
an elevated structure where religious

performed
16.
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18
rites are
a Pear or a Pair?
Is It
In the following sentences, underline the correct
word
or
words
in parentheses
which
best complete the sentence.
1.
2.
The
(capital, capitol) in
still
in daily use.
The
(capitol, capital) of
home
3.
Annapolis, Maryland,
is
the oldest state (capital, capitol)
Maryland is Annapolis, a city located on Chesapeake Bay,

United States (Navel, Naval) Academy.
to the
A favorite pastime of many young people is going (clothes, cloths) shopping at a

nearby mall.
4.
Everyone deserves a (complement, compliment) for a job well done.
5.
A popular style today is to (wear, where) (loose,
6.
By
7.
For teams
lose)-fitting clothes.
law, all individuals under the legal age of 21 are considered (miners, minors).
to
work
together effectively,
it
is
important that they have good (morale,
moral).
8.
The
first
step in applying for a job
is to
(meat, meet) with the (personnel, personal)
director.
9.
Sometimes
it
might be said
that
having nice (stationery, stationary) helps make
letter-writing easier.
10.
It is
essential to have a (quite, quiet) place to study to develop
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19
good study
habits.

fill our world in more shades than one can name. Yet when color comes to mind,
one generally visualizes one of the primary or secondary colors.
Colors
Match two synonyms, one from each column,
words
in
bold face.
MORE COLOR
COLOR
COLOR
1
white
a.
lavender
b.
tawny
2.
gray
c.
scarlet
d.
tangerine
3.
brown
e.
cinnamon
4.
red
g-
peacock
5.
oranse
6.
yellow
7.
green
8.
blue
0.
saffron
9.
purple
q-
charcoal
10. Following is a
What
to the
color
list
i.
k.
f.
h.
slate
alabaster
j-
jade
emerald
1.
magenta
m. marigold
of words which are
all
n.
turquoise
P-
lilac
r.
synonyms
one primary
color.
is it?
ultramarine
navy
azure
cornflower
robin's egg
sky
sea
albino
for this
sapphire
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topaz
TS Denison
20
beryl
,
hyacinth
Aesop's
Words to Live By
Aesop, a Greek slave and storyteller who lived over 2,000 years ago, told stories about
animals with human qualities. These stories, cMed fables, teach lessons about daily life.
The moral of the story is written at the end of the fable. Following are short descriptions
from a few of Aesop's fables. Match the fable to its moral.
1.
In the fable
The Fox and the Goat,
a fox
is
caught
in a
well and
is
unable to get out.
A goat comes along and sees the fox in the well. The fox pretends he is having fun
swimming and asks the goat to join him. As the goat jumps in, the fox uses the
horns of the goat to leap out. With him free and the goat now stuck in the well, the
fox says, "Had you half as much brains as you have beard you would have looked
before you leaped."
2.
3.
In the fable The Leopard and the Fox, the leopard boasted of his beautiful spots. He
was so proud of his spots that he felt he was better than the other beasts of the
forest. The fox, hurt by the leopard's remarks, boldly said to the leopard, "You may
think yourself fine, but depend upon it, people value a bright brain far more than a
handsome body."
In the fable
The Hare and the
Tortoise, a hare
makes fun of
a tortoise's
clumsy
walk. The tortoise challenges the hare to a race. The tortoise starts off immediately
on a slow and steady pace. The hare, thinking this is all rather funny, takes a
nap before starting, knowing that he can beat his rival with time to spare.
But the hare oversleeps and awakes to discover the tortoise at the finish line.
4.
The Farmer and
caught with a flock of cranes

stork pleads to be released
claiming that he did not destroy any of the corn. But the farmer responds, "I have
caught you with those who were destroying my crops, and you must suffer with the
In the fable
the Stork, a stork
is
destroying a farmer's newly-sown crop of corn.
company
a.
b.
c.
d.
in
which you
The
are found."
Slow and steady wins the race.

People are judged by the company they keep.
Think before you act.
Beauty is only skin-deep.
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21
I
I
An antonym
Antonyms
How QpposiTES Attract

the opposite of a
is
synonym. Antonyms are words
opposite of other words. For example: the antonym of high
Underline the word in each line which
is
the
is
that express the direct
low.
most accurate antonym for the word
in
boldface.
1.
poor
destitute
opulent
well off
rich
2.
small
large
titanic
tiny
big
3.
friend
enemy
acquaintance
partner
bad guy
4.
new
modern
old
senile
virgin
5.
fast
crawl
hurry
slow
speed
6.
dark
light
shine
ebony
glow
7.
saint
angel
friend
evil
sinner
8.
wet
earth
dry
land
liquid
9.
live
slaughter
produce
slay
die
10.
sweet
acidic
tart
sour
sugary
11.
truth
lie
falsehood
correct
right
12.
safety
comfort
risk
danger
hazard
13.
awake
asleep
weary
lively
tuckered
14.
shout
scream
yell
quiet
whisper
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22
Definitions
Words
Building on
The
art
way
to
of defining a word beyond a three- or four-word explanation
is
an excellent
expand the verbal vocabulary as well as the written.
For example: a definition of a chair could be a seat with four legs. But a more
descriptive way of defining a chair could be a practical piece of furniture on which
people sit. The seat could be soft, cushioned material or a hard wood with either an
adjustable cushioned back or a wooden frame support. The legs could be narrow
spindles or fat curved pieces with casters to move about the floor.
Following are words with less-than-descriptive definitions. Rewrite each of the

definitions to provide a better visual description of the word. Do not use a dictionary.
1.
neighbor
2.
broom
3.
to
4.
to exercise
5.
to sleep
a tool used to
cook
Instructional
who
a person
to prepare
Fair
sweep
door
floors
food for consumption
to exert energy to maintain proper fitness
to let the
lives next
TS Denison
body replenish
itself
when
23
it
gets
weary
By Word of Mouth and

Other Common Phrases
Do you
wonder where certain phrases originated, such as "clean as a whistle" or

doornail"?
"dead as a
At one time, these phrases related to specific events or legends
that
have long-since been forgotten. These phrases are often called ^lost metaphors."
From
1.
ever
the description of
its
origin,
unscramble the metaphorical phrase.
Gold, unlike other alloys, will not dissolve in a concentrated form of nitric acid. To
prove that jewelry contained pure gold, it was dropped into the acid. If it did not
dissolve, it was said to have passed the ICDA STTE
.
2.
Long ago, a farmer would place a fake egg in a hen's nest to encourage her to
produce more eggs. Today, this phrase is associated with a reserve of money. It
called a
3.
is
SNET GEG
Water expands as
it
freezes into ice.
When
it
expands,
it
can do damage, such as
causing water pipes to burst. In the ocean, the unseen portion of ice is the most
dangerous. The crew of the luxury liner Titanic was not aware of the unseen ice but
saw only
4.
the
PTI
FO HET BRIEEGC
During the old-time country fairs, young boys would try their skills at throwing
swinging mallets for a prize, a cigar. These games were usually fixed and
sorry!"
the boys seldom won. This phrase today now means, "Nice try, but
balls or
SELOC TBU ON GICRA

5.
his ax, flinging the ax
individuals
6.
come off the handle as the ax holder swung

an innocent bystander. Today, this phrase refers to
In the old days, an ax head could easily
Long
who
head
at
easily lose their tempers.
ago, household rodents were
common. They would
the floor, leaving behind an odor that
Today, the odor of these rodents

rotten.
The phrase used
Instructional Fair
TS Denison
is
to describe
LEY EOF HET DNAHEL
die in the walls or under
would be detected by
purely figurative, but
something rotten
24
is I
the
it still
home
dwellers.
means something
is
ESLML A TRA
Common Usage Problems

This or
Is It
Is
it
an illusion, or
is
it
an allusionl
Is
it
Is It
who, or
is
it
for the proper usage can be confusing. Following are
avoid
common
usage problems. After reading the
That?
whomi
Selecting the correct
some simple
word
rules to follow to
rules, underline the correct
word
in
each sentence.
a,
an
Use a before words beginning with
a consonant sound; use
an before words
beginning with a vowel sound.

accept, except
Accept means "to receive"; except means "to leave out or omit."
allusion, illusion
Allusion
a reference to something; an illusion
is
is false
appearance.
emigrate, immigrate
Emigrate means "to leave a country"; immigrate means "to enter a country."
than, then
Than
is
a conjunction used to
make comparisons;
then
is
an adverb which refers
to
time.
who, which, that
Who
refers to people;
which refers
to things; that refers to
people or things.
major concern
1.
Today, in the United States,

(between, among) citizens.
2.
During the mid- 1800s, the United States opened its doors to all (who, which)
touched the shores. (Then, Than) it was the (accepted, excepted) thing to do.
3.
(immigration, emigration)
is
In the early years of the twentieth century, (immigration, emigration)
popular.
Many Americans made
(allusion, illusion) that life
4.
illegal
homes on European
abroad was better.
their
soil, as
was very
was (a, an)
there
Gertrude Stein (1874-1946), (a, an) American author (who, which) made her home
in Paris, France, influenced many Americans, through her writing, to live abroad. It
might be said that she, more (then, than) any other individual, contributed to
expatriotism.
Instructional
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25
Word Origins
Many
of the words that are part of our everyday language have lost their original
meanings. Etymologists, those who study word origins, must at times use a certain
amount of guesswork as they trace words to their places of origin. From the word
origins given, select the word used today and write its letter in the blank.
1.
This word came to the West Indies from Africa. The slaves used it to
describe a corpse who could follow orders but had no will of its own.
a.
2. In
zombie
b.
moron
c.
imbecile
French, this word means the "costume and
hide their appearance." Today, this
is
d.
idiot
makeup used by
actors to
a military term "to disguise oneself
from the enemy."

a.
3.
shroud
c.
communication
b.
attention
awful
b.
terrible
c.
c.
d.
immersion
d.
frightful
d.
The Latin word peculiaris comes from Latin pecu meaning

olden times, cattle were the most
time, this Latin
a.
6.
camouflage
veil
who
application
This word comes from Latin horrere meaning "to stand on end." Over
time, its meaning has been downgraded.
a.
5.
b.
This word comes from Latin tendere meaning to "stretch." Students

do this "stretch" out their minds.
a.
4.
conceal
typical
word has come

b.
peculiar
to
common form
mean an
c.
horrible
"cattle." In
of private property. Over
individual's distinctive
distinguished
d.
traits.
original
This word, one of the few English words borrowed from Turkey,
originally meant a "turban." It then took on the meaning of a colorful
turban-shaped flower. This is a popular springtime flower today.
a.
thistle
b.
tarragon
c.
turkeyberry
d.
tulip
Abbreviations
the week and the months of the year are common abbreviations that appear
on calendars and are used in writing. There are other abbreviations that are also used in
The days of
writing to address individuals or identify specific times.
Underline the correct term for each of the following abbreviations.

1.
Asst.
assortment
astringent
assignment
assistant
2.
C.O.D.
Cash on Departure
Collect on Delivery
Complete on Deadline
3.
Mfg.
multifaceted
manufacturing
magnify
4.
P.M.
post
mortem
(Latin
meaning
"after death")
prime minister
post meridiem (Latin meaning "after noon")
5.
post script (Latin meaning "after the letter")
P.S.
possession
postage
Underline the correct abbreviation for each of the following terms.

6.
Doctor of Philosophy
P.D.
Prof.
Ph. D.
7.
Incorporated
Icp.
Inc.
Ipt.
8.
Limited
Lid.
Lmt.
Ltd.
9.
Pound
pd.
pb.
lb.
R.N.
M.D.
R.R.
Sn.
Se.
Sr.
10. Registered
Nurse
11. Senior
Instructional Fair
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27
Build a Better
Word
building and the spelling of
more
difficult
Word
words gets easier
after
mastering
the spelling of root words.
Add one
of the following endings to each of the words below to create a related

word. Then, follow with a short definition. You may use an ending more than once.
er
ant
ence
ent
ive
ance
al
ion
sion
ful
Word
Variation
1.
account
account
2.
confide
confide
3.
critic
critic
4.
decide
decis
5.
exist
exist
6.
interrupt
interrupt
7.
occasion
8.
peace
peace
9.
persist
persist
occasion
10. possess
possess
11.
separate
separat
12.
testimony
testimoni
Instructional
Fair
Definition
TS
Denison
28
Slimy Sluggish Slugs

AND Other Word Twisters
Tongue
twisters are fun but also serve a purpose.
announcers, and they
may
They help
in training actors
and
also be helpful to people with speech problems. Peter Piper,
one of the oldest and most familiar twisters, has its roots in England. Many familiar
twisters have survived over time, though their authors remain unknown.
Tongue twisters are senseless sentences

Match each of the following twisters to
1.
Six slimy sluggish slugs slithered
2.
Nine nimble nymphs knitted
3.
Donald Donaldson donated donuts
4.
Wise wolves wooed
5.
Which witch
6.
Who
7.
Raymond
saw
that
that contain
the phrases
in the wilderness
washed
the
words with the same sound or letter.

below to create a tongue twister.
while
whisk well
five slugs slide
ran rainbows around
Rachel's rosy robot.

wallabies wondered without concern.
downtown.
will
wash
slowly
the
down
whisk again?
the slide?
slowly along the slippery sidewalk,

nine neckties in nine minutes.
Illustrate
Write your own
Instructional Fair
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29
your own
twister.
twister.
Words and Grammar
Animal Adjectives
Adjectives add zest to nouns. A\\ of a sudden, water becomes bone -chilling cold, murky,
muddy, or smooth as glass. Water can be quenching, appealing, and inviting. Water
character provided by. the adjective.
longer just water, but a noun with character
Puppies and kittens are often described as cuddly, soft, cute, and frisky. From the
adjectives, select two that (in your judgment) best describe each of the following
animals. You may use an adjective more than once.
ANIMALS
ADJECTIVES
1.
jaguar
sleek
2.
whale
web-footed
3.
elephant
4.
ram
5.
snake
6.
manatee
slippery
7.
penguin
graceful
8.
eagle
9.
shark
majestic
10.
polar bear
powerful
11.
hyena
12.
giraffe
13.
gazell
14.
lion
is
list
no
of
gentle
social
swift
tallest
monstrous
keen
proud
venomous
carnivorous
nimble-footed
spotted
Instructional Fair
TS Denison
"And All the Better to

Smell You with. My Dear"
The
and taste are used to describe the

from
the outside world. Adjectives inject emotion to
information the brain receives
five senses
sight, smell, touch, hearing,
describe the senses.
1.
The sense of touch senses
heat, pressure, cold, pain,
and touch. Circle the adjective
that does not belong with the sense of touch.
2.
contact
ticklish
sensitive
acute
sharp
icy
dull
cosmic
warm
soft
coarse
rough
There are three small bones in the ear that amplify sounds. They are the hammer,
the anvil, and the stirrup. Circle the adjective that does not belong with the sense of
hearing.
3.
loud
attentive
audible
vocal
melodic
oral
quiet
supersonic
phonetic
clear
guttural
coherent
Taste buds in the
mouth
are sensitive to bitter, sweet, sour,
and
salt.
Circle the
adjective that does not belong with the sense of taste.
tart
weak
4.
acidic
pungent
translucent
sugary
rich
flat
savory
juicy
spicy
seasoned
In the nasal cavity, scent particles send messages to the brain identifying various
smells. Circle the adjective that does not belong with the sense of smell.
5.
fume
fragrant
strong
stench
putrid
offensive
synthetic
rotten
rancid
aromatic
musty
fruity
Though
all
the senses are important,
it
is
the eye and
its
ability to transfer
images
to
considered the most important of the senses. Circle the adjective

that does not belong with the sense of sight.
the brain that
is
visual
optical
penetrating
apparent
dimming
telescopic
transferable
beholdable
squinty
riveting
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31
Stepping Stones
Nouns
To Word Building
Nouns
are
words
that
name
a person, place, thing, or idea.
Common
nouns name a group
of persons, places, or ideas. Proper nouns identify a particular person, place, or thing.
Abstract nouns describe a quality or characteristic.
Following
is
list
of nouns. Identify each noun as common, proper, or abstract.
1.
country
2.
ambition
3.
Mardi Gras
4.
Queen Elizabeth
5.
hope
6.
tablecloth
7.
totem pole
8.
Vancouver
9.
beauty
10.
yearbook
11.
San Francisco Bay
12.
desert
13.
redwoods
14.
student
15.
courage
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32
Find the
Noun
The word bank contains both nouns and

found in the word bank.
JN.
o
N N
c E
A
E G
R F
C
E D
C R
I
J-/
12/
JX
o R F
word search
T o F n
Y1 T T1 T
circle only the
c
o
r-
n R VV F
K
T
V c
R L L A B T F
s c o
c A R
Xx
G A M E s J H R s L B A N T FX^
(J M M
1
1
b h c s s Y I
T
M N P N R
S A Y u L R V W P
D E H
W D N R E M E L
E
L E E T C
M M A N D E R R Z
R R E T A E W S F G H W P Z Z
C V G
R I L L A D W E A G A
W D C M P U T E R J W V B
C S W I M M E R A E W R E D N
verbs. In the
i.
F
-1/
F
r
T
I
T
1
/A.
T
1
/-I
nouns
X^
xy
N
C
N
U
Word Bank
ocean
Softball
gorilla
pizza
skeleton
speaker of the house
committee
cotton
think
province
jump
swimmer
volcano
sleep
ant
computer
skip
listen
tower
ability
eat
herd
hum
confidence
jazz
bobsled
underwear
ice cream cone
pepper
pepper
forest
jewelry
sing
fleet
commander
sweater
hedge
games
receive
Instructional Fair
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crow
33
The Preposition, the Object,

AND THE Phrase
A preposition is a word which shows the relationship of a noun to another word. The
noun following the preposition
the object of that preposition. Together, the preposition
is
and the object are called the prepositional phrase.
Using the words from the word bank below, find the prepositions
K A M
I
N G
R H T
U L
D B T E
N B
R F F
T E R E V
B F
H G K
R N D
E D
S
S
M N
M A
N U U D S S
D U R I N G E E I
N B A W I T H I N
U T E W S S
R C
V B N N E E W T E
search.
K E R
C V R
B Y E
X C E
word
E E
R A L
in the
E D
U
A W N
B N D
B
Word Bank
across
after
at
before
behind
amid
below
beside
by
down
during
except
for
around
between
from
in
into
like
near
of
off
on
over
within
since
to
through
under
with
among
above
Instructional Fair
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34
By the Book
Prepositional phrases are so
common
that they often
go unnoticed. But where they do
they appear on the cover of a book. Many works of literature have

prepositional phrases as part of their titles. In the list of titles, underline the
stand out
is
when
prepositional phrases and then
blank.
Some
authors
match each
may be used more
1.
Around
2.
title
to its author
by placing
its letter
in the
than once.
the World in Eighty
Days
a.
Nathaniel Hawthorne
Life on the Mississippi
b.
Jules Verne
3.
The Last of the Mohicans
c.
John Steinbeck
4.
The House of the Seven Gables
d.
Mark Twain
5.
The Fall of the House of Usher
e.
James Fenimore Cooper
6.
Twenty Thousand Leagues

Under the Sea
f.
E. B.
White
1.
Of Mice and Men
g.
Kenneth Grahame
8.
The Trumpet of the Swan
h.
Anne Frank
9.
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
i.
The Wind
j.
10.
11. Little
in the
House
Willows
in the
Big Woods
12.
The Diary of a Young Girl
13.
The Sea Around Us
14.
And
to
Think That I Saw
k.
1.
Rachel Carson
Laura Ingalls Wilder
Edgar Allan Poe

Dr. Seuss
It
on Mulberry Street
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Reference Books
A Gold Mine of Information
many local libraries has a new look that is different from

few years ago. Next to the volumes of sources are computers filled with endless
supplies of information on just about anything of interest to anyone' Though computers
contain a great deal of information, it is still important to know reference sources and
what each one has to offer.
Today
the reference section at
that of a
Following are
common
reference sources.
Match each source
to its description.
1.
Thesaurus
a.
summarizes notable events
2.
Encyclopedia
b.
contains
3.
Who's
c.
is
Who
maps
a series of
books and
yearbooks
4.
Atlas
d.
profiles
5.
World Almanac
e.
tells
famous people
where
to locate biographical
information
Biographical Index
6.
f.
tells
where
to find
poems and
short stories
Facts on File
7.
g.
contains articles arranged

alphabetically
8.
Subject Guide to Literature
9.
Bartlett's Quotations
Encyclopedia of
10.
Mammals
h.
by subject
mammals
contains facts on
a dictionary of
synonyms
i.
is
j.
contains famous quotes indexed
by subject
fAORB
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36
ir
Word
Builders
Heat Flames
AND Other Analogies
:
Analogies show relationships between pairs of words. Following is a table of specific

word relationships. From the type provided, complete each of the examples in the
table. Use the word bank below to select the best word to complete each analogy. The
symbol (:) stands for the words "is to" and the symbol (::) is the word "as." The first
one has been done for you.
Example
Tvoe
1
Svnonvm
is
2.
Antonym
is to
'2
svnonvm
Draw Sketch
antonym
Rescue
to
J.
VjCllClal Is lU opC^lliC
4.
Specific
5.
Part
6.
Whole
7.
is to
general
nciuu
Blue
Fixi^i^ci
whole
Slice
is
to part
Calendar
Object
is
to
8.
Action
9.
is to
Pie
purpose
Fork
is to
object
Painting
Leader
is to
follower
Moses
10.
Action
is to
performer
Riding
11.
Time
is to
time
::
::
::
automobile
hammer
Brush
::
Equestrian
::
Pied Piper
::
sweeping
::
Israelites
cushion
Month
mpnti
honor
::
star
Noon Midnight
:
liuii
..
::
Eating
sew
Abandon
Color
free-falling
June
Bank
sky diver
engine
building
couch
pear
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37
Cliches
Cliches are tired expressions that have found a permanent spot in our vocabulary. They
once began as fashionable sayings, but over time they have lost their freshness. Cliches
are so
much
a part of our everyday language that their place of origin or true
meaning
is
rarely considered.
Match
the following cliches to their meanings.
1.
A penny for your thoughts
a.
To see what
2.
Take the
bitter
b.
Prepare for an unpleasant
3.
Between
a rock
4.
Beggars can't be choosers
5.
The bigger they come,
with the sweet
the
mind wants
to see
experience
they
and a hard place
the harder
c.
Take what
d.
Realize success from a difficult
offered
situation
fall
See the
is
light at the
end of the
e.
Least significant person in a group
f.
What's on your mind?
tunnel
Beauty
the eye of the
is in
beholder
g.
8.
Bite the bullet
9.
The bottom
line
h.
Beware of money or triumph
as
actually received
yours until
it
Sometimes
the mightiest can be
is
the easiest to defeat

10.
Don't count your chickens

before they're hatched
11.
12.
i.
Escape
j.
Difficult situation with
Fly the coop
Low man on
the totem pole

k.
1.
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TS Denison
no
attractive alternative
With the good comes the bad
The
net result; either profit or loss
Something Borrowed,
Something Blue
Many
of the words in the English language are borrowed from the languages of foreign
countries. Underline the geographic region from which each word in bold is borrowed.
A good dictionary will be helpful for this activity.
WORD
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
1.
menu
Australian
Turkish
French
2.
geyser
Arabic
Scandinavia
Chinese
3.
delicatessen
German
French
Dutch
4.
wok
Chinese
Japanese
German
5.
karate
Chinese
French
Japanese
6.
igloo
Arabic
Inuit
Native
7.
boomerang
Australian
Arabic
Hindi
8.
tulip
Arabic
Persian
Italian
9.
moccasin
Inuit
Turkish
Native American
10.
balcony
French
Italian
Dutch
11.
algebra
Hindi
Scandinavia
Arabic
12.
kindergarten
French
Dutch
German
13.
typhoon
Japanese
Persian
Chinese
14.
landscape
French
Dutch
Native American
Australian
Hindi
Turkish
Hindi
Arabic
Persian
15. coffee
16.
pajamas
Instructional
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39
Amencan
IF2726 Word-Builders
Hyphens
Lines of Distinction
Following are a few rules to apply when using the hyphen:
When two separate persons or things are united into one
When two nouns form a new noun

When a noun and another part of speech form a new noun
When a verb and another part of speech form a new noun
the following words and then spell them correctly in the space provided by
adding the hyphen where necessary. Not all the words will be hyphenated.
Match
1.
fire
2.
runner
3.
back
4.
play
5.
self
6.
key
7.
secretary
8.
down
9.
semi
10.
drive
11.
South
12.
mid
13.
one
14. Vice
15.
Major
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40
Apostrophes
Following are a few rules to apply when using the apostrophe:
To indicate a lost vowel

To show possession with nouns
Rewrite the following phrases, which use the apostrophe to show possession. Underline
noun to which the apostrophe belongs. For example:
the
The
1.
The fangs of
2.
The
3.
The animators from
4.
The
5.
The house of my grandmother
6.
The daughter of
7.
The assignments of
a tiger
tiger's
fangs
tentacles of an octopus
fruit
the Disney studio
of the tree
the president
the teacher
two words can be combined, using an apostrophe to

the blank beside each phrase. The first one has
you. Note: one phrase might contain more than one apostrophe.
In each of the following phrases,
replace a vowel. Write the
been done for

8.
They
9.
The teams could
new word on
They're
are all out of soda.
not agree on a mascot.
who
10.
You
11.
Let us wait until the next bus arrives.
12.
We
13.
It is
very humid today.
14.
She
is
the
Instructional
Fair
are
one of the few
is
always on time.
are all going to the park together,
most talented one of the group.
TS Denison
41
Everyday Words
Folk Song Treasury

The
is recorded not only in text but also in song. Over time,

have
these songs
survived and become folk songs, which are stories passed down
through generations. Match the song titles to their storylines.
history of our great land
1.
"Yankee Doodle," words by Richard Shuckburgh
2.
"John Henry," author unknown

'
3.
"Oh! Susanna," music by Stephen Collins Foster
4.
"Get Along,
A Southern ballad that describes the life of a very strong, determined man who laid
track and
d.
dug tunnels
Written in 1908,
become
c.
unknown
"Blowin' in the Wind," words and music by Bob Dylan
6.
b.
Dogies," author
"Take Me Out to the Ballgame," words by Jack Norworth,

music by Albert Von Tilzer
5.
a.
Little
the
little
for the railroads during the
mid- 1800s.
did the composer and lyricist
anthem of America's national
The theme song for the men and

American Revolution.
know
Gold Rush
song would
sport.
officers of the Continental
Miners and prospectors sang these words as they sought

California
that their
Army
during the
their fortunes during the
in 1849.
World War II and into the

anthem of the Civil Rights movement.
song became the unofficial
e.
In the years after
f.
A Texas work song sung by cattle drivers to soothe the restless calves while on the
sixties, this
trail.
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42
Modes of Transportation
October 1, 1908, the first Model T designed by Henry Ford drove off the assembly
and public transportation was never to be the same again. Complete the puzzle
below, which tells of other modes of transportation both past and present.
On
line,
DOWN
1.
Motor-driven
vehicle used to pull
2.
farm machinery
Horse-drawn
vehicle which
traveled a specific
route
3.
Public vehicle
running along
tracks along certain
streets
7.
8.
Horse-drawn, two-
wheeled vehicle
from ancient times
Two-wheeled, manpowered oriental
carriage
Footboard attached
to a handlebar and
two wheels
10. Enclosed
automobile with
two or four doors
9.
seating four or
more
people
12. Four- wheel-drive
ACROSS
2.
A vehicle powered by overhead wires
4.
Horse-drawn, four-wheeled carriage with a
military vehicle
Word Bank
top
5.
6.
8.
Covered vehicle used for moving goods

Two-wheeled vehicle drawn by oxen or
mules
Shoes with four wheels to be used on
sidewalks
jeep
sedan
tractor
cart
rickshaw
stagecoach
trolley
chariot
roller skates
place of burial
streetcar
van
Emergency vehicle
hearse
scooter
11. Vehicle for transporting the
13.
ambulance
dead
to their
surrey
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43
And the Weather Today
Is
Do you live in a state that is known for its sunshine, tornadoes, or long winters? How
would you describe the weather in your area? Do you like it? Would you rather live in
another climatic zone? Following are some common weather terms that describe
conditions for a particular day. Select the day that best identifies the following weather
conditions.
Day
Mild Day
Clear
1.
Blue Skies
2.
Heatwave
3.
Blustery
4.
Balmy
5.
Inclement
6.
Foggy
7.
Sunshine
8.
Blizzard
9.
Sultry
10.
Temperate
11.
Smoggy
12.
Sleet
13.
Gusty
14.
Drought
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Cold Day
Hot Day
Wet Day
Windy Day
44
Overcast
Day

The surface of
composed of 70 percent
water. That water is found in our

such as the Nile, flow a long way. Others flow
wild with very treacherous rapids. Other rivers trickle, when beds are dry because rain
sparse. Following are different types of waterways. Underline the correct waterway in
parentheses from the description provided.
the earth
is
oceans, lakes, and rivers.
1.
Some
rivers,
is
A (channel, canal) can be either an accessible waterway between two bodies of

water or a waterway between a continent and an island.
2.
A (channel, canal) is a man-made waterway for the navigation of vessels.
3.
The
4.
Associated mainly with the southwestern United States, (arsenals, arroyos) are
flat-bedded waterways that remain dry except during heavy rains.
5.
Often described as "babbling," the (creek, brook)
6.
A (creek, brook) is described as smaller than a river and often found in coastal
Scottish term for a lake or a protected bay
is
a (loch, ness).
is
a small freshwater waterway.
areas.
7.
A (pool, pond) is a body of water described as "smaller than a lake."
It
may be
artificially created.
8.
A (pool, pond) is any body of standing water.
9.
A narrow waterway connecting two large bodies of water is called a (strait,
It is
synonymous with
a puddle.
straight).
10.
(Springs, Streams) are sources of water from beneath the earth's surface which can
away
either flow
11.
or stand
still.
(Springs, Streams) are waterways which flow into other waterways such as rivers
and oceans.
Instructional Fair
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45

During the westward expansion in the early 1800s and before the coming of the railroad
in 1840, settlers packed up their wagons and followed the trails that would lead them to
a new life. The Santa Fe Trail and Cumberland Road are just two 'of the important routes
that connected parts of our nation. There are many other types of routes that lead us to
unknown locales or just down town. Underline the correct passageway in parentheses
from the description provided.
1.
2.
John C. Fremont, The Pathfinder, was the first man to successfully map out the
Oregon (Trail, Lane) in 1842. This passageway became the primary route to the
Northwest Territory.
A narrow passageway between fields or houses,

is
3.
often enclosed with fences or trees,
called a/an (lane, alley).
A narrow passageway through a row of houses with access to a street is called a/an
(lane, alley).
Germany
4.
Expressways
5.
A high-speed highway
6.
A high-speed highway with traffic routed on
in
are called (autobahns, autostradas).
maintained by
tolls is called a
(thoroughfare, turnpike).
and off by the use of cloverleaves
is
a/an (freeway, expressway)
7.
A high-speed highway with no intersections and limited points of access and exits is
a/an (freeway, expressway).
8.
Passageways connecting parts of a building are (corridors,
9.
Longitudinal divisions within a building, more
commonly
aisles).
in a church, are
(corridors, aisles).
10.
(Boulevards, Avenues) are city streets that have park-like appearances. (Avenues,
Boulevards) are wide, often tree-lined city streets leading to specific points of
interest.
Instructional Fair
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46
Gems and Jewels

The
hardest of
stone.
all
minerals, the diamond,
The following precious stones
all
colorless, transparent, precious
is a
have color. Match the gemstone to
its
description.
Agate
a.
A transparent gemstone bluish-green in

color,
Ruby
b.
One
resembling sea water.
of the hardest of
gem
minerals,
it
ranges in color from deep yellow to

light
Amethyst
c.
When
cut correctly, this gem resembles

an animal's eye with shades of green,
red,
Aquamarine
d.
brown.
and yellow.
The ancient Chinese had high regard for

this beautiful pale-green stone which
they used for carvings and jewelry.
Eye
5.
Cat's
6.
Topaz
7.
Emerald
e.
f.
g.
A rich, clear deep-green gemstone.

A rich, deep-red gemstone.
A banded, multi-colored gemstone in
blends of gray, brown, yellow, blue or
black.
Jade
8.
h.
A variety of quartz which is purple to

bluish-purple in color.
Sapphire
The following two gems
i.
Beautiful, midnight blue
gemstone
from minerals, but instead are taken from

identify the gem.
are not cut
animals. Unscramble each term to
live
RAPLE
10.
From
11.
Attached to reefs along the ocean's bottom lives a small sea animal from which
ornaments and toys are made. This material with shades of yellow to red is called
the soft muscle of the mollusk
comes
the beautiful white
LARCO
Instructional Fair
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47
IF2726
\)Vord Builders
Upon the High Seas

Ships come in all sizes and designs to meet their specific demands. They can range from
a single-passenger canoe paddling down river to a 3,000-member crew aboard an aircraft
carrier in the Indian Ocean. Following are descriptions of various' sea-going vessels.
Match
the description to the vessel
1.
Used
by placing the correct
to transport passengers
letter in
and vehicles
across relatively small bodies of water

2.
A flat-bottomed boat having an ornamental

bow and stern. A single oarsman stands at the
stern as the passengers
3.
sit
and enjoy
Vessel
a.
trawler
b.
cruiser
c.
catamaran
d.
kayak
e.
ferry
f.
liner
their ride
A small but powerful boat used to push or tow

large ships
4.
A fishing vessel that uses a net to catch fish
5.
A hunting vessel used primarily by Eskimos

(The occupant sits inside, and the closure
around his waist is watertight.)
6.
each blank.
g.
barge
h.
hydrofoil
i.
tug
j.
gondola
k.
1.
dinghy
icebreaker
m. schooner
A sailing vessel constructed of two floats side

by side
7.
A flat-bottomed vessel used primarily in

hauling freight
8.
Any
9.
A fast-moving vessel in which the hull lifts off
small boat rowed or driven by a motor
the watery surface as
10.
it
propels forward
A vessel designed especially to chop through

ice
11.
Any
sailing vessel with a foremast
and
mainmast
12.
A large vessel carrying passengers on a voyage
13.
A medium-size,
Instructional
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TS Denison
swift-moving military vessel
48
SSSSSOUNDS
IN
THE NiGHT
Many
animals are associated with a particular sound. Unscramble each of these words.
Then, match the animal to the sound with which it is associated.
SISH
TOHO
RROA
MWOE
RWOC
BKRA
KEAQSU
TNUGR
1.
bees
2.
cats
3.
dogs
4.
ducks
5.
horses
6.
lions
7.
mice
8.
owls
9.
pigs
Instructional Fair
TS Denison
ZUBZ
NIGHE
LWHO
KACUQ
49

The Art of Managing Money
Select the best definition for each of the following financial terms. Using those terms,
complete the sentences below.
1.
dividends
a.
of ownership in a
certificates
corporation
bonds
2.
b.
funds lent on the conditions they

will be returned
interest
3.
c.
a fixed
payment paid
to a
person for
past services
mutual fund
4.
d.
payments by a corporation
to a
shareholder
stock
e.
individual retirement account
loans
f.
certificates offering a fixed interest
rate
7.
allowance
g.
money from
pool of
investors to
purchase a variety of securities
pension
8.
h.
payment
for the use of
borrowing
money
IRA
9.
i.
money
allotted for a particular
purpose
1.
It is
believed that the best
tax-deferred basis.
2.
way
Investing in the stock market

lifetime.
By
is
wealth
to increase personal
The most popular
tax-deferred plan
is
is
to invest regularly
called an
on
one way of staying ahead of inflation over a

rate can
the
selecting an aggressive
exceed 20 percent.
3.
Today, as companies downsize and break their contracts, the outlook for a
has diminished as a sole source of retirement.
Many investment "careers" begin when a child

completing his or her chores.
5.
After the decision
is
made
to
Often, the
first
automobile. To
receives an
purchase
are issued, based

6.
first
in a
on the agreement
at the
major purchase a young person will make

fulfill that
purchase,
it
may
require a
for
company, quarterly
time of purchase.
is
the purchase of an
with the
agreement of fixed payments over a 36-month period.
Instructional
Fair
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50

From
the
list
of clothing items below, dress one individual for a day at the beach, one
and another for attending a wedding. List those articles of
for playing ball at the park,
clothing that belong to each person in the space available. Not
be used.
If
you
desire, select articles of clothing that are not
all
the items listed will
on the
list
COATS
TOPS
PANTS AND DRESSES

Jeans
Blazer
T-Shirt
Tuxedo
Sweatshirt
Skirt
Suit
Blouse
Dress slacks
Overcoat
Cardigan
Windbreaker
Pullover
Shorts
Jersey
Evening gown
Sweats
FOOTWEAR
HEADGEAR
Sneakers
Heels
Boots
Cap
Dress
shirt
Sandals
Bonnet
Helmet
Sombrero
Top Hat
Thongs
Visor
Loafers
Stetson
AT THE BEACH
AT THE PARK
Cleats
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AT A WEDDING
51
On the Dance Floor

Of
the arts, dance
one of the
dance has allowed

people to express themselves in telling a story or conveying their emotions through body
movement. Answer the following true or false statements about various types of dances
by circling T for true and F for false.
1.
all
is
oldest. Since the earliest of times,
Ballet, a classical dance that
began
in France during the reign of

(1638-1715), requires dancers to use their bodies to
Louis
XIV
mime
the story.
2.
Charleston, a slow-moving ballroom dance, became popular

during the depression years of the 1930s.
3.
Flamenco
takes
its
roots
from the gypsies of southern Spain.
It is
a strongly rhythmic dance, involving the clapping of hands and

the stamping of feet.
4.
Fox-trot, a popular social dance where couples combine quick

short steps, takes
its
name from watching foxes
scurry across
meadows.
5.
Jitterbug,
made popular
turns, splits,
in the 1940s, combines athletic skill with

and somersaults while dancing to boogie woogie and
swing.
6.
7.
Minuet, a formal stately dance, was made popular

seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
Square dancing
in a square.
8.
is
in the
an American folk dance done by four couples
A caller directs the patterns the dancers take.
Twist, a slow-moving dance, became popular in the 1960s
among
the high school youth.
9.
Instructional Fair
Waltz, a ballroom dance done in three-quarter time, takes its

dancers in circles around the dance floor. Johann Strauss
(1825-1899), known as "The Waltz King," introduced the waltz to
America.
TS Denison
52
In the Kitchen
This word bank contains items commonly found in the kitchen and around the house.
In the word bank, circle the items found in the kitchen. Then, locate and circle them in
the word search below.
TUREENLENNUF D
KCOLANDERSWR
AKROFJCBOWLY T
CBVRAYUTNTKI
LBSEDDTKIOMN R
ELCSIHTKWPOGE
MEASURINGCUP H
ONHACBNRECUA
NDVCSWGKAHPN A
JELTTOBRMJLO M
URAFDGOIAPAN D
IWDKFVAKETTL E
CELLLIRGNVED R
EFEGRIDDLEYR
ROLLINGPINEVO
I
Word Bank
cutting board
sofa
grater
blender
bed
dish
measuring cup
jar
piano
bottle
funnel
robe
casserole
pot
colander
computer
wok
frying pan
candlestick
lemon juicer
desk
oven
dresser
bowl
spoon
masher
grill
rolling pin
kettle
ladle
pillow
makeup mirror
tureen
fork
plate
games
griddle
saucer
Instructional Fair
TS Denison
53
Cooking with Spice

Spices add flavor and zest to any meal. They perk up meats and vegetables, add the extra
of sweetness to desserts, even add an aromatic touch to the air in a room. Answer the
bit
following true or false statements about

for true or
common
spices found in a kitchen
by
circling
for false.
Cinnamon,
powder form, comes from the bark of trees

found in the East Indies. It is said that the best cinnamon comes
from Ceylon. Cinnamon is used primarily in the preparation of
in stick or
desserts.
Cloves come from the dried flower of a tropical tree. They can be
used in cooking in either the powder form or as whole buds.
Ginger
is
a synthetic spice used primarily in the preparation of
cookies and breads.
was created
It
in the lab to
add spice
to
holiday baking.
Dishes flavored with

peppermint.
The bay
leaf
is
mocha
will have the taste of coffee
an actual leaf used in sauces and stews.
and
Some
varieties are edible, but the cherry laurel leaf is poisonous.
The sweet
taste of dill
comes from
the bark of trees found in the
East Indies.
Mustard, in
of the poppy
either a
plant.
It
powder or paste form, comes from
the seed
also has medicinal values.
Peppers come in a variety of shapes, colors, and tastes. They can

be red hot or mildly sweet. They can be used on any food types
except desserts.
One of the most popular cooking condiments,

strong-scented bulb picked from a plant.
natural state instead of
Instructional
Fair
TS Denison
its
54
It is
garlic, is a
best
when used
in its
weaker powdered form.
Leaders
Now and Then
The
title of president is given to the leader of the United States. Following are titles
given to leaders of countries or specific groups from around the world. Circle the
country associated with each leader.
1.
A sheikdom is land under the control of a sheik. Sheiks are men who lead villages
or tribes in
a.
2.
Arabia.
b.
Shoguns were
Asia.
the chief military
and 12th centuries. The country

a.
3.
this
Asian country between the 8th
is
Korea.
c.
Japan.
b.
titles
Ethiopia.
c.
Laos.
given to ancient kings in the land of
Greece.
b.
Egypt.
c.
Rome.
Kahn was
the title given to rulers who were descendants of Genghis Khan. He

conquered most of Asia and Europe between 1162-1227. His homeland was
a.
6.
India.
Pharaohs were
a.
5.
b.
commanders of
Mongolia.
A rajah is a title given to a Hindu prince in the country of

a.
4.
China.
c.
China.
b.
Russia.
c.
A kaiser has absolute authority over his realm.
Kaiser
is
Mongolia.
the
title
given to the
emperor of
a.
7.
Germany.
b.
The ayatoUah
is
Italy.
an individual
who
is
highly knowledgeable of Islamic law. Islam
a religion practiced mainly in the region

a.
8.
South Pacific.
Chancellor
is
the
b.
title
Turkey.
known
is
as the
Latin America.
c.
given to judges and other high
Middle East.
officials.
But
it
is
also the
title
given to the chief minister of

a.
9.
Governors
a.
Northern Ireland.
South Korea.
are titles given to individuals
Mexico.
Instructional Fair
b.
b.
TS Denison
who head
the United States.
55
c.
Germany.
individual states in
c.
France.
"First Ladies"
The
title
of
lady
first
is
given to the wife of the president of the United States. Following
are titles given to leaders (and others) in countries around the world. Circle the
is
bestowed upon the wife of each

1.
In England, a
baron
upon
is
a.
2.
member
b.
of the lowest grade of nobility.
baronage.
czar of Russia was Nicholas

bestowed upon his wife Alexandria was
last ruling
czarist.
b.
In England,
call
is
a.
4.
wife
baroness.
The
a.
3.
his
is
when
of duty, the
title
man
title
that
leader.
czardas.
c.
II,
who was
,
The
title
bestowed
baronet.
executed in 1918. The
c.
title
czarina.
knighted for performing duties above and beyond the

of Sir then precedes his name, such as Sir John Doe. His wife
is
then addressed as
princess.
Maharajah
b.
is
the
title
highness.
c,
dame.
given to the ruling prince of India. His wife
is
addressed as
the
a.
5.
mahatma.
b.
The Spanish equivalent

a.
7.
c.
mahaleb.
A duke is an Englishman who holds the highest title outside the royal family. His
wife is addressed as the
a. duchess.
6.
maharani.
senorita.
Lord
is
b.
to
Mr.
b.
title
duchy.
is
c.
senor.
duchesse.
The Spanish equivalent
senora.
c.
often used by the English for individuals
8.
mademoiselle.
Sultan
the
title
The
title
is
religion.
b.
madame.
who own
c.
is
senna.
land or are leaders in a chosen profession. The wife of a lord

a.
Mrs.
to
is
large
amounts of
addressed as
lady.
given to the ruler of a country which practices the Islamic

bestowed on his wife, daughter, or sister is one in the same. That
title is
a.
sultana.
Instructional Fair
b.
TS Denison
sultanate.
56
c.
sultane.
Answer Key
page
The Greek Root
6.
homogenized
1.
lion
biology
7.
hydrant
2.
Cauterize means to
democracy
8.
apology
3.
9.
metamorphosis
4.
thermometer
5.
6.
1.
anthropology
2.
3.
4.
epidermis
5.
geography
The Greek
10.
page 2
Influence
7.
1.
phonograph
6.
democracy
8.
gentle
2.
epidermis
7.
hydrant
9.
3.
Biology
8.
homogenized
10.
dog
4.
Geography
9.
apology
11.
dragon
5.
thermometer
The Greek WayPrefixes
12.
13.
Immortality
is to
bum
pages 8
with a hot iron
have an unending
What's
in a
1.
amphitheater
6.
hypertension
antiseptic
7.
hypodermic
1.
3.
catastrophe
8.
monarchy
2.
4.
diameter
9.
parallel
3.
5.
exoskeleton
10.
perimeter
11.
prologue
What's
The Greek WaySuffixes
forever
page 4
in a
1.
2.
3.
Name?
Places
page 10
Name?
People
page 11
1.
barbarian
6.
taxidermist
2.
kingdom
7.
Israelite
3.
pediatrician
8.
motorize
4.
genetics
9.
happiness
1.
5.
alcoholism
10.
android
2.
9.
11.
forward
3.
10.
4.
11.
Mi Casa
es
Su Casa
page 12
h
j
5.
12.
1.
6.
6.
13.
2.
7.
7.
3.
8.
4.
9.
5.
10.
pages
Oh, Those Ologies
French Lessons
page 13
South of the Border
page 14
page 6
of enormous size and power.
1.
Titanic
2.
Odyssey
3.
Olympian
4.
5.
is
is a
long series of wanderings.
is
exalted and majestic.
Labryinth
is
a complicated arrangement of passageways.
Mentor
a wise counselor.
is
The Alpha and Omega or The Beginnings and Endings

both on land and
amphibious
live
2.
anti-aircraft
against
3.
cataract
4.
diagnosis
5.
exotic
6.
hypersensitive
opaque
reach
enemy
in
page?
water
aircraft
film against the lens of the eye

a decision through an examination
outside native origin
overly sensitive
formed below
with one
7.
hypogene
8.
monoplane
9.
geriatrics^
10.
life, live
page 3
2.
1.
&9
the earth's surface
airplane
sustaining
wing
noun
asteroid: adjective
11.
totalitarian: adjective
12.
anti-communist: adjective
13.
Judaisni monotheisjlic: noun, adjective
14.
heterogeneous: adjective
Instructional Fair
TS Denison
57
^The
Music
Italian
Innuence
page IS
Definitions
1.
Building on Words
who
A
Neighbor
need a helping hand, or

day-to-day news with.
to
2.
there
whenever you should
borrow something, or
in
in
just to share
someone who watches you
your pains and sorrows, along
your
life.
Broom A five- to six-foot-long tool used to sweep inside a

home or outside on patios or sidewalks. It has a smooth, narrow
handle made of wood or plastic with nylon or natural fibers at
the
3.
happy events
the
all
is
A neighbor is
grow and mature, who shares

with
page 23
close friend
end with which
To cook
sweep.
to
To combine food items with
the result being a
delicious meal to be served at either breakfast, lunch, or dinner.
To cook can be
simple process or a long, drawn-out assembly
of foods, time, and materials to prepare an elegant array of

items pleasing to look
Word
page 16
Geograpiiy
4.
To
exercise
^To
well as to taste.
at as
tone and shape the muscles of the body to a
To continue on
1.
5.
desired weight and appearance.
2.
6.
maintain that desired physique for an extended period of time.
3.
7.
4.
Compound Words Around
tlie
5.
House
To sleep ^To lie down on a comfortable mattress and

body so it can face another strenuous day of activity.
By Word
page 17
of
Mouth and Other Common Phrases
a.
dishwasher
1.
acid test
4.
close but no cigar
wallpaper
b.
bathmat
2.
nest
egg
5'.
fly off the
teakettle
c.
wastebasket
3.
tip
6.
popcorn
d.
highchair
pancakes
e.
saltshaker
f.
flashlight
or
Words Often Confused
Common
page 18
of the iceberg
Usage Problems Is
This or
It
immigration,
2.
who, Then, accepted
3.
emigration, an, illusion
4.
an,
10.
11.
g
n
12.
1.
4.
13.
2.
5.
14.
3.
6.
16.
page 26
page 27
Abbreviations
a Pear or a Pair?
capitol, capitol
2.
capital,
3.
clothes
4.
compliment
5.
wear, loose
6.
minors
manufacturing
7.
morale
post meridiem
8.
meet, personnel
post script
9.
stationery
Build a Better
Answers may
page 20
9.
lb.
10.
R.N.
11.
Sr.
Word
page 28
vary.
11.
9.
die
12.
testimonial
o, f
7.
k,j
3.
e,b
8.
g,n
4.
c,
9.
a,
5.
m, d
10.
1.
2.
3.
4.
blue
Aesop's Words to Live By
6.
page 21
1.
3.
7.
2.
4.
8.
9.
How Opposites Attract
10.
page 22
2.
large
3.
enemy
10.
sour
4.
old
11.
falsehood
5.
slow
12.
danger
6.
light
13.
asleep
7.
sinner
14.
whisper
accountant
for
business
5.
rich
Inc.
Ltd.
dry
6.
1.
7.
8.
8.
i,
q, h
Antonyms
Delivery
person who records monies spent and received

confidence
person;
always
decision
of making up one's mind
world
existence
be
break
occasional
peaceful calm and
endless
possessive not
share
break
separation
1.
2.
On
Ph.D.
quiet
10.
6.
Collect (or Cash)
page 19
Naval
page 25
Origins
assistant
1.
That?
who, than
9.
15.
Is It
handle
rat.
among
1.
Word
smell a
rest the
page 24
wheelbarrow
Homonyms
Is It
a regimen to
trust in a
faith in ability
finding fault
critical
the act
in the real
living, to
interruption
to
in
infrequent, irregular
quiet
persistent
constant,
willing to
a division or
declaration of character
Slimy Sluggish Slugs and Other

1.
Word Twisters
page 29
Six slimy sluggish slugs slithered slowly along the slippery

sidewalk.
2.
Nine nimble nymphs knitted nine neckties
3.
Donald Donaldson donated donuts downtown.
4.
Wise wolves wooed
in the
in nine
minutes.
wilderness while wallabies
wondered without concern.
Instructional
Fair
TS Denison
58
Which wilch
5.
washed
that
whisk well
the
will
wash
the
whisk
Thousand Leagues
T\venty
6.
Under the Sea
again?
6.
Who
7.
Raymond
saw
five slugs slide
slowly
down
the slide?
ran rainbows around Rachel's rosy robot.
page 30
Animal Adjectives
Answers may vary.
1.
Of Mice and Men
8.
The Trumpet of the Swan
9.
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
10.
The Wind
1 1
Little
in the
House
Willows
in the
Bi^ Woods
The Diary of a Young Girl
1.
swift, spotted, graceful
12.
2.
sleek, monstrous, slippery
13.
The Sea Around Us
3.
powerful, social
14.
Atid To Think That I
4.
nimble-footed, graceful
5.
venomous, Swift
6.
gentle, graceful
7.
sleek, web-footed
8.
proud, keen, majestic
9.
swift, carnivorous,
Reference Books
1.
powerful, keen, carnivorous
11.
social, spotted
12.
tallest, spotted,
13.
swift, graceful
14.
majestic, powerful, proud
"And All
graceful
6.
g
d
7.
3.
8.
4.
9.
5.
10.
Heat
the Better to Smell
page 36
Gold Mine of Information
^A
2.
monstrous
10.
Saw It
on Mulberry Street
My
You With,
Dear"
page 31
Flames and Other Analogies
page 37
2.
disgrace
7.
building
3.
pear
8.
broom
4.
heavens
9.
rats
1.
cosmic
4.
synthetic
5.
couch
10.
skydiver
2.
supersonic
5.
transferable
6.
engine
11.
December
3.
translucent
page 38
Cliches
Nouns
Stepping Stones
to
Word
page 32
Building
1.
1.
common
abstract
2.
2.
abstract
10.
common
3.
3.
proper
11.
proper
4.
4.
proper
12.
5.
abstract
13.
6.
14.
7.
common
common
common
common
common
1.5.
abstract
8.
proper
9.
7.
8.
9.
10.
5.
11.
6.
12.
page 33
French
2.
Scandinavia
10.
Italian
3.
German
11.
Arabic
4.
Chinese
12.
German
5.
Japanese
13.
Chinese
6.
Inuit
14.
Dutch
7.
Australian
15.
Turkish
8.
Persian
16.
Hindi
9.
Lines of
Although no
answers
The
M M E(R)a
Preposition, the Object,
E V/ R
and the Phrase
list
reflect
Book
Eighty Days
1.
Around
Life on the Mississip pi
3.
77ie
4.
The House of the Seven Gables

The Fall of the House of Usher
5.
the
World
in
Last of the Mohicans
Instructional Fair
IS Denlson
most frequent usage of
correct in
all
usage cases, these
the hyphen.
semicolon
9.
2.
runner-up
10.
3.
background
11.
South Pacific
4.
playoff (n), play-off (adj.)
12.
mid-Atlantic
5.
self-made
13.
one-half, one half
6.
keyboard
14.
Vice-Admiral
7.
secretary-treasurer
15.
Major General
8.
downstairs
drive-in (adj.)
D N
page 34
page 35
2.
is
firefighter
2.
the
page 40
Distinction
of hyphenated words
1.
Apostrophes
By
page 39
Native American
1.
Hyphens
Something Borrowed, Something Blue
Find the Noun
B C (S
The octopus's
page 41
tentacles
3.
Disney's animators
4.
The
5.
My
grandmother's house
6.
The
president's daughter
7.
The teacher's assignments

The teams couldn't agree on
tree's fruit
9.
10.
11.
Let's wait until the next bus arrives.
12.
We're
13.
It's
14.
She's the most talented one of the group.
59
mascot.
You're one of the few who's always on time.
all
going
to the
park together.
very humid today.
IF2726 Word BuiWers
^The Art of Managing Money
page 42
Folk Song IVeasury
1.
IRA
7.
2.
mutual fund;
8.
3.
pension
4.
allowance
5.
stock; dividends
6.
loan
1.
2.
5.
2.
3.
6.
3.
4.
9.
5.
1.
Modes
page 43
of IVansportation
page 50
4.
6.
interest
page 51
Answers may
vary.
Person #7 at the Beach:
Windbreaker or cardigan; blouse; T-shirt or sweatshirt;
shorts, jeans or
sweats; sneakers, thongs or sandals, cap, sombrero or visor
Person #2 at the Ballpark:

Overcoat, cardigan or windbreaker, any top
listed, jeans,
sweats, shorts,
sneakers, cleats, sandals, cap, helmet, Stetson
Person #3 at a Wedding:
Blazer, tuxedo, suit; blouse, dress shirt; skirt, dress slacks, evening
gown;
And
the
Weather Today
Is
heels, loafers, top hat,
bonnet
page 44
1.
clear day
8.
cold day
2.
hot day
9.
hot day
On
the
1.
Dance Floor
3.
windy day
10.
mild day
2.
4.
mild day
11.
overcast day
3.
5.
wet day
12.
wet day
4.
6.
overcast day
13.
windy day
5.
7.
clear day
14.
hot day
6.
7.
T
T
T
8.
page 45
1.
channel
7.
pond
2.
canal
8.
pool
3.
loch
9.
strait
4.
arroyos
10.
Springs
5.
brook
11.
Streams
6.
creek
page 52
T
(a vigorous
dance made popular
in the
(Fox-trot has no connection to the
(a
1920s)
movement of foxes)
vigorous dance performed by couples or alone by twisting
the arms, legs, and torso)

9.
In the Kitchen
page 53
Cooking with Spice
page 54
page 46
1.
Trail
6.
freeway
2.
lane
7.
expressway
3.
alley
8.
corridors
4.
autobahns
9.
aisles
5.
turnpike
10.
Boulevards,
Avenues
Gems and Jewels

g
7.
2.
8.
T
T
3.
9.
F (Ginger comes from
4.
10.
pearl
Indies.)
5.
11.
coral
6.
Upon
1.
8.
9.
3.
10.
4.
11.
5.
12.
1.
6.
13.
2.
7.
g
in the
meow
3.
bark
4.
5.
6.
Night
Leaders
page 49
buzz
3.
4.
5.
Now and Then
page 55
squeak
"Fist Ladies"
hoot
9.
grunt
1.
quack
10.
crow
2.
neigh
11.
hiss
3.
roar
12.
howl
4.
Instructional Fair
plant)
T
T
1.
2.
(Chocolate, not peppermint)
F (Bitter taste of dill comes from the leaf of a

F (comes from the seed of the mustard plant)
page 48
2.
1.
the root of a plant found in the East
the High Seas
SSSSSounds
page 47
1-
TS Denison
60
page 56
Middle School
Mastery Skills Series
F2705
F2706
F2707
F2708
F2709
F2710
F2716
F2717
F2718
F2720
F2721
F2722
F2723
F2724
F2725
F2726
F2727
F2728
F2729
F2730
F2731
F2735
F2736
F2737
Math Puzzles
Word Problems
Pre-Algebra
Decimals, Fractions, and Percents
Geometry
Operational Skills
Physical Science
Science
Earth Science
Reading Comprehension
Diagraming
Life
Grammar
Punctuation
Writing Skills
Spelling
Word
Builders
Calculator Fun
Time Zones and Money

Charts, Tables, and Graphs
Logic Fun
Critical
Thinking
Reading Maps
50 States
American Presidents
About This Book

Vocabulary development becomes fun
they work through the more than 50
in
Word
Builders. Students will
confidence as they increase
new words and develop

words they currently
communication with
international
uses for old

for
flair,
for kids as
activities
enjoy a boost
use
command
their
in
others.
in self-
vocabulary with
their
a greater
found
Words
of the
everyday
with
various parts of speech, and
words combine
to
make
this
an
new
a useful tool
helping the middle school student to "build a
better word."
SPCN
990-1219-6993
ISBN 1-56822-549-0

Word Builders

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Word Builders

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Digitized by the Internet Archive

cover design by Jeff Van Kanegan

About the Author

twelve years' experience in various positions and

assignments in Tucson, Arizona, where she lives

with her husband and three daughters, Valerie has

middle school teacher resource books

grants the individual purchaser permission to reproduce the

student activity materials in this

noncommercial individual or classroom use

Reproduction for an entire school or school system

for storage in a retrieval system, or transmitted in

electronic, mechanical, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written

1650, Grand Rapids,

1997 by Instructional Fair

2400 Turner Avenue

Words and Grammar

Flames and Other Analogies .37

South of the Border^

^The Italian Influence

Folk Song Treasury

Other Common Phrases

Distinction ... .40

The Marks of Possession

Words and More Words

and the Phrase

The Twelve Labors of Hercules

Dressing for the Occasion

Cooking with Spice

Slimy Sluggish Slugs and

IF2726 Word Builders

A Note from the Author

fun-filled activities that will

improve student vocabulary

builds not only a stronger vocabulary, but also

helps to build self-confidence as well.

divided into four sections, each providing practice on a different focus of

vocabulary development. The

section contains activities

and words with an international

have become a part of our

book focuses on confusing pairs, common usage

problems, and word origins. In part three the emphasis

our everyday vocabulary.

the varied format that includes puzzles,

familiar with everyday

searches, and other formats,

words and word meanings and thus

develop stronger vocabularies.

vary in difficulty and can be used in any order desired.

an excellent self-help teaching

IF2726 Word Builders

Around the World with Words

The Greek Root

same, similar, regular

IF2726 Word Builders

The Greek Influence

Thomas Alva Edison, considered by many

the science that studies all living things.

the science that studies the earth and

The instrument which measures

the temperature of liquids, solids,

in 1877, his favorite invention.

layer of the skin, called the