CTP MP

Review
Plumbing Code
Roldan Q. Pineda

DEFINITION of TERMS

Plumbing
'The art of and science of installing pipes, fixtures and other apparatus
to convey and supply water in the buildings and to dispose and
discharge waste water and other liquids, gases and other substances
out of buildings in a safe, orderly healthy and sanitary way to ensure
the health and sanitation of life and property.
Plumber

title given to a person who is skilled in the field of sanitation.

Plumbarius

Roman word refers to an individualwho worked in the

sanitary field of ancient Rome.
Plumbum

Latin

Purposes of Plumbing

1,
2.

To furnish water to the various parts of the building.

To remove the liquid waste and discharge them into the sewer or

pfivate disposal plant.

Objectives in the design of water supply system

1, Must provide a sufficient amount of water to serve each fixture.

2. There must be no opportunity for backflow of used water into the
water pipes,

Objectives in the design of building drainage system

1. Quick removal of the waste with minimum chance for stoppage of

2.

drains or leakage.
Prevention of entrance into the house of wastewater, vermin and
sewer gas or foul smelling air from the plumbing system or sewer.

Performance Requirement of Building System

I
I

Sr3..r i be accordance with modem standards of sanitalor

Ser,':a', c'ailage system should be provided to convey seita.-e
ircn a, 'r.1-res iO an adequate, apprOved meanS of disposa
,ir,'ater
s-:; 1 S.rslcfTl should fumish cold water t0 every *,aie.
close: a-: .'^al a"C hoUcold water to every sink, la;::-1 :a,
autcire:: 3.-:li *ash;ng machine, lavalcri la:-:-: :-: :-.: r,=Plumc ir: s,s:glr sl:.1.d nct become a:,a:e-: ?
it -,*i;T

)es,g'

and

v,e'e'e - le':'s

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^; ^^.'^^.^
^ udl,-g=
d.
-,=,.=->= - -= =-.:
k
i
^^
u. ^^,,.^^
D\JUitc -^; '-^^

..=r:

c. radiatjcn
d. excessive nc,se

e. source of nuisar,;t
System shall not

,fiea' :;,i:i,i'? -a*f,*-i

=a-:i-

Performance Requirement of Building System

6. lt should avoid fouling, clogging and depositing of solids'

7. lt should be maintained in sanitary and serviceable condition.
8. Equipment requiring operation, inspection, or maintenance should
9,

be located so that easy access to it is provided'

Moving parts of equipment which may be a potential hazard shculd
have guards to protect against accidental contact'

Performance Requirement of Material for

Plumbing Systems
Plumbing systems and equipment should be made of approved
materiali, should be free from defective workmanship and sigi6
for
be designed and installed so as to be durable without need
frequent repairs or major replacements.
quaety
Maierials oipiping should be selected on the basis of fre
water to be conveyed for 35 to 70 years.

4.
5.

lf piping is to be concealed and relatively inaccessibh in fiffis a.tr

walls, it is essentialthat the piping be adequate dur&&q+
Materials should be free from manufrcturing defusE 3i'6iffi48
Used plumbing equipment of materialsho.rH nd E
mr'wl es"{6''fi
unless specially approved by local
or material which is potentially defedire beca,.sE i#. #li,
sanitary hazards, or prior use shotril ro( be l*.ned k$,@mg

r#

auMy

purp0ses.

s@'

Building Occupancy Classifications

1. One or Two Family dweiling - buirding arranged for one or two

2,

3.
4.
5.

dwelling units, a dweiling unit being one or more rooms

with
provisions for living, sanitary and sleeping facilities
arranged for
the use of one family.
Multiple dwelling

a, building containing three or more dwelling units

b, building occupied by one or two famiries ind more
than four
lodgers residing with one of such families.
Business Occupancy - intended for the transaction
of
administrative business or civic or professional services.
Mercantile 0ccupancy - for dispray and sare to pubric
of goods,
wares or merchandise.

lnduskial occupancy

- for manufacture or processing of products

requiring operations such as making, artering, ,rr.riring,
botilirrg

etc.

Building Occupancy Classifications

6.
7,

8,
9.

Stqrage Occupancy - for storage of goods, merchandise,

products, vehicles or anlmals.
Assembly Occupancy - for use in the assembry
for amusement,
athletic, civic, dining, educational, entertainment,
etc,
lnstitutional Occupancy - for persons domiciled
or detained under
supervision.
Miscellaneous occupancy nonresidential buildings
not included
in any of the preceding classifications.

Ad mi n istrative

Authority

The individual official board, department or agency established and

authorized by a state, county, city, or other political subdivision
created by law to administer and enforce the provisions if the plunbing
Code is adopted or amended.

Air Break (Drainage System)

A piping arangement in which a drain from a fixture, appliance, or
device discharge indirectly into a fixture, receptacle, or interceptor at a
point below the flood level rim of the receptacle so installed as to
prevent backflow or siphonage.

fwrtN)il
f }ls.rcy wDil
ueaa xl(, tllrfifra'

Area Drain
A receptacle designed to collect surface or storm water from as open
arca.

./

)|fElm&.1!s
qStEr\tu

FrSuRs r.2.5 AFEA

9ni;r{

Air Gap
FIGUR

T24 ]RG:F
j SySiE:rt

(WATFl OtStR6uf, rCr

(Drainage System)

The unobstructed vertical distance through the free atnosphere

between the outlet of water pipe and the flood level rim of the
receptacle into which it is discharging.
(Water Distribution System

The unobstructed vertical distance through the free

atmosphere
between the lowest opening from any pipe or faucet supplying water to

a tank plumbing fixture or other device and the flood rever rim of the
receptacle.

Aspirator
A fitting or clevice supplied with the water or other fluid under posi,ive

pressure, which passes through an integral orifice or "constriction'

causing a vacuum.

,-hiLET

E.qrllll
G:Vl0lltl

FIGURE I.2,0 ASPIRATOR FTTTING

Backflow
The flow of water or other liquids, mixtures or substances into the

diskibuting pipes of a potable supply of water from any source or

sources other than its intended source. Back-siphonage is one type

of backflow.

r'3-iF r ; ,b a&(rls..
iicx-5..HO.iE!

Bt

causrD

Related Terms to Backflow

Backflow connection

condition or any a,Tangement whereby reverse flow can occur.

Back Pressure Backflow

occurs due to an increased reverse pressure above the

"'-

supply pressure, This maybe due to pumps, boirers, gravity

pressure.

oirittrii sourcei b]

Backflow. Preventer - a device or n eans lo prevent flow of liquid from returning

to
source oi supply. Also called vacuum breakir.

Back-sjphonage

the flowing back of used, contaminated or polluted water from

prumDrng ,xture or vessel into a water supply pipe

due to negative pressure in such

pipe.

Back water Valve

a device installed in a drainade system to prevent reverse flow

- a part of the vent line, which connects direcilv with an

rnorvduat trap undemeath or behind the fixture and extends tri the brandr or
than fixture or fixture traps it serves. This is
.Ba.gly.en! Pipe

Sr#lffiHfri$ flJf,Slj}ljgher

Ball cock - a valve opened and closed by the fall and rise, respectrvely, of an
attached ball floating'on ltre surface oi ttr'e tiquiO,

ttOg qf niOe connection in which a bafi-shaped end is hetd in a

cuprtKe shelt and allows movement in every direction.

l{,iqi.l..g

Bathroom

a room equipped with a shower stall or bathtub.

more simitar adjacent fi xtu res wh idr discfr
soil"oror waste branch.-

P?lt9ry:lglypl,t?!y_Po
rnto a common horizontal

ar

Bell or Hub - that portion of a pipe which, for short distance, is sufficiently
enlarge to receive'the end of another pipe of the same diameter for the
purpose of making a caulked or pushon joint.

Bending Pin or lron

Bibb

- a total straightening or bending lead pipe.

synonymous with faicet, cock, tap, plug. The word laucet' is prefened.

- a plumbing fixture used for washing the middle private part of he body,
especially he genitale, Also called "sitzl bath,
Bidet

Blank Flange

a pipe that is not drilled for bolt holes.

Blind Flange - a flange lhat closes the end of a pipe. There is no openmg
the passage of air or liquid.
Blow-off

a controlled outlet of a pipeline to disdtarge

hr

lqud a deuitus.

Barometric Loop
A loop of pipe risirq apprirlmtety 35 feet, at its top most point above
the highest fixture

t;.*-!

at

srppex"

l.td
LF..--

B.F ::, SAAOMETHC LOOP

r<,
:fr -cflf,artr .cr.6T t o(9Hcil3 ter inJ. xor ps:-=cr
-.,r
rr.3h EriJEFfrg.ISS,9|rI
-+.

Boiler BIow-Off
An outlet on a boiler to permit emptying or discharge cf

se:re.:

Boiler Blow-Off Tank

A vessel designed to receive the discharge from a boiler blow-off ouflet

and to cool the discharge to a temperature when permits its safe

discharge to the drainage system,

Boiler Blow.Off
q" vt\t csYrCE e.sEO ?
!!'it
uPopi aGlie ci.,ir:,rt - -- .
i
i

ourLE'

or e.oE.ofr
F s{,:--flI
FIGUBE 1.3. r 1 AOTLER gr-Offi.Orr AND ELOW
oFF r4ii1(

l0

Branch
Any part of the piping system other than a riser, main or stack.

Branch lnterval
A length of soil or waste stack corresponding in general to a story height,
but in no case less than 2.43meters within which the horizontar branches

from one floor or story of a building are connected to the stack.

o Branch Vent - a horizontal vent connecting one

or more individual vertical back vents stack or
stack vent.

o Brazed joint .

any joint obtained by joining of

metal parts with alloys which melt at temperature

higher than 449 degrees centrigade, but lo!.rer
than the melting temperature of the par'ts tc he
joined.

Building
A structure having walls and a roof designed and used for the housing
shelter enclosure or support of persons, animals or property.
Building Drain
Bulldlng Draln-Comblned
Building Drain-Sanitary
Building Drain-Storm
Building Sewer
Building Sewer-Combined
Building Sewer-Sanitary
Building Sewer-Storm
Building Subdrain
Building Trap
FN}UaE r.2.1G

SEpAtltt SM?lny

Atro

sToFu

wrrx

Building Drain- that part of the lowesl horizontal pioino of a drainaoe svstem
which receives the discharge from soil, wastes ahil oiher drainaoe'oio6s inside
the walls of the building and conveys it to the buitding sewer Ueglnriirig O.O
me ters outside the building wall,
Building Sewer - that part of the horizontal pioinq of a drainaoe svstem which
starts from the end of the buildinq drain and vi,hicl receives lh-e di5charoe of a
building drain and conveys it to a public sewer, private sewer, individual
sewage dlsposal or other point of disposal.
Building Subdrain - that portion of an underground system, which cannot drain
by gravity into the building sewer.
Building Supply

- the pipe carrying potable

water from the water meter or

oher source of water supply to a building or other point of use or distribution

on fie bL Building supply shall also mean water sbrvice connection,

o Caulking

plugging an opening with oakum,

lead or other materials that are pounded into the
annular

space.

o Cap -

a fitting, screwed or caulked over the end

of a pipe for closing the pipe end.

o Catch basin - a receptacle

in which liquids are

retained for a sufficient period of time to allow

settleable materials to deposit.

Cesspool
A lined and covered excavation in the ground which

receives the
discharge of domestic sewage or other organic wastes from a drainage
system, so designed as to retain the organic matter and solids, but
permitting the liquids to seep through the bottom and sides,

Frcurr 2{ How pollution msy Gnlcr weltr thmugh loll pollution rnd by
mcrnr of Srrurcr ln llmcrtoao.

Chase

a vertical shaft for installation of different pipe stacks,

Check Valve - a valve that automatically closes to preventthe

flovr of liquid or gas in reverse direction.
Conductor or Downspout

a vertical pipe to convey rainwater

Corporation cock - a stop valve placed at the connection of the

wat lr service pipe to the water main.

Circuit Vent
A branch vent that serves two or more traps and extends from the
downstream side of the highest fixture connection of a horizontal
branch to the vent stack.

l4

Clear Water Wastes

Coolinq water and condensate drainage from refrigeration, and air
conditioning equipment: cooled condensate from steam heating
systems; cooled boiler blow down water; waste water drainage from
equipment rooms and other areas where water is used without an
appreciable addition of oil, gasoline, solvent, acid, etc., and treated
effluent in which impurities have been reduced below a minimum
considered harmful.

Conductor
A conc'uctor is the water conductor from the roof of the building storm
drain, combined building sewer, or other means of disposal and located
inside of the building.

FIGURE 1.22lCONDUCTOB

Critical Level
The critical level marking on a backflow prevention device or vacuum
breaker is a point established by the manufacturer and usually stamped

on the device by the manufacturer which determines the minimum

elevation above the flood level rim of the fixture or receptacle served at
which the device may be installed, when a backflow prevention device

does not bear a critical level marking, the bottom of the vacuum
breaker, combination valve, or the bottom of any approved device shall
constitute the critical level.

Critical Level
SHONi FUT
AS PEFT^BIJ'S
lo.5.5A

':r",

sATiCA; LEVEL

O\rERfLOw Ofl

FLooo

RrM

SIJPFLY
VALVE

T,GURE

t.z.zacBtncAL LEvEL ryAcuuM ehEexen sHowN)

i6

Cross Connection
Any connection or arrangement between two otherwise separate piping
systems, one of which contains potable water and the other either
water of questionable safety, steam, gas, or chemical whereby there

may be a flow from one system to the other, the direction of flow
depending on the pressure differential between the two systems.

'..Ct**

tqfo- clcq

rroo.r ]rJ
t.r. Erttd
d &.tdnt
uaaffi,.
5.4. bd
.t Hdth-)

t*a

dsl

,...,

fl,')l*

tcxd.q

o,

Dead End
I

A branch leading from a soil, waste, or vent pipe, building drain, or

building sewer, and terminating at a developed rength of zfielor more
by means of a plug cap, or other closed fittings.

AS PeRTAAI-ES

ro.E,s^

a.iricl. rIvEL

l.r7

oTEFfLOT'
FLOED

il,

oe

SIJPDLY
VALVE

r-6l.st 1r2 @JTEAL LEVEL (VAcuuM

BBEAT(EH SHOWNI

Developed Length
The length of a pipeline measured along the centerline of the pipe and
fittings.

DLl'tlopE? Li'igTh F;Ov

Ic\ 3

& IC 3-IHE
;.C?{\i)f q:'i'.r.[r:
r{! A,.i O;.. jj;.'t,o

FHc,.,

f LOJ.'S

Double Check Valve Assembly

A backflow prevention device consisting of two-independently acting
check valves, internally force leaded to a normally closed position
between two tightly closing shut-off valves and with means of testing or
tightness.

,.ri aa.-.

tE:'a:cr

Fixture

Un it

of the probable discharge into the drainage systern by

measure

(Drainage-..d.f.u,)

various types of plumbing fixtures. The drainage fixture-unit value for a

particular fixture depends on its volume rate of the drainage, on the

time duration of a single drainage operation, and on the average time
between successive operations.

Flood Level Rim

Flushing Type Floor Drain

A floor drain, which is equipped with an integral water supply, enabling
flushing of the drain receptor and trap.

Flush Valve
A devictr located at the bottom of a tank for flushing water closets and
similar fixtures,

tLS r:"3 F-.sr4

YrIVE tr{ FLUSI{ TANX-TYPICAL

Flushometer Valve
A device, which discharges a
fixtures for flushins

i::.::

predetermined quantity

and is bv,
\

.-

lilcts

of

water

water pressure

Get-E

Grade
The fall (slope) of a line of pipe in reference to a horizontal plane. tn
drainage it is usually expressed as the fall in a fraction of an inch per
foot length of pipe

FIGL,F:E 1 .? 38 GBADE

il*

Gruund tYater
affifrd Gr*rld lYater - A body of ground water overlain by material
sl#ffinily lmpervious to severance hydrauric connection with overlying
Er'ound water.

Free Ground water - Ground water in the zone of saturation extending

down to the first impervious barrier.

Horizontal Branch Drain

A drain pipe extending laterally from a soil or waste stack or buirding
drain, with or without vertical sections or branches, which receives the
discharge from one or more fixture drains and conducts it to the soir or
waste stack or to the building drain.

Hot Water
Hot water is supplied to plumbing fixtures to a temperature of not less
1.?00F and not more than 1400F excepf that commercial

than

dishwashing machines and similar equipment shall be provided with

water 1800F for sterilization purposes.

lnterceptor
A

device designed and installed so

as

separe md

deleterious, hazardous, or undesirable matbr frun

permitting normal sewage

drainage system by gravity.

or liquid wastes b

re:e;n

rerrid riasEs *F ,e

ffi-*

rm :e

Leaching Pit
A pit oi'receptacle having porous walls, which permit the contents to
seep into the ground.

-.:-atil
-;.-r

0000Booo
00.o D o o c::i
CELiiOBGi0

0c3c3o3f!

!tr 0 c 3 3 3:,
EOO53fac0

Leader
An exterir rrthd drainage pipe for conveying storm water from roof or
gutter drairs.

rh^.r3^ir,sc
-at;Ei4,SL
r,rnvES To

=
-

UTOSRS;tSritEEa-,:

ffiffiry"F

-J

Fl5{-F=

!:.6

!ALS

Load Factor
The percentage of the total connected fixture unit flow, which is likely to
occur at any point in the drainage system.

Nuisance
Public nuisance at common law or in equity jurisprudence; whatever is
dangerous to human life or detrimental to health; whatever building,
structure, or premise is not sufficiently ventilated, sewered, drained,

cleaned, or lighted; in reference to its intended or actual use; and

whatever renders the air or human food or drink or water supply
unwholesome.

l5

Plumbing
l'he practice, materials and

fixtures used

in the installation,

maintenance, extension, alteration and removar of all piping, plumbing

fixtures, plumbing appliances and plumbing appurtenances in

connection with any of the following: sanitary drainage or storm
facilities and or adjacent to any buirding, structure, or convlyance; also

the practice and materials used in the installation, miintenrnce,

extension, alteration or removal of storm water, refrigeration and air

conditioning drains, liquid waste or sewage, and water supply system of
any premises to their connection with the public water supply system or
!
to an acceptahle

disposalfacility,

Septic Tank
A water-tight receptacle which receives the discharge of a building
sanitary drainage system or part thereof, and is designed and
constructed so as to separate solids from the liquid, digest organic
matter through a period of detention, and ailow the liquids to discharge

into the soil outside the tank through

system

of open joint

or

perforated piping, or seepage pit.

.F6uaE 12.63 SPtlC ?^,{<

26

Stack
A general term for any vertical line including offset of the soir, waste,
vent or inside conductor pipirrg, This does not include vertical fixture
and ver t branches that do not extend through the roof or that pass
through not more than two stories before being reconnected to the vent
slack or stack vent.

----j
_l

Trap
A fitting or device, which provides a liquid seal ro prevent the emission

of sewer, gases without materially affecting the flow of sewage

wastewater through it.

or

Vacuum
Any pressure less than that exerted by the atmosphere.

Vent System
nst'-

A pipe or pipes installed to provide a flow of air from a dra:'raEe

or to provide a circulation of air within such system to proted T4 seas
from siphonage and backpressure.

T
I
*

UE-I

l{1&

H.gJq
F(tx

i 2 rt aI Er

lra
r*&.E*r'':I

*rn "-trrriiFffidirnF-

28

Wall Hung Water Closet

A vrater

dcet kisidild

te
----;.

touches

floor.

r-'r

*.d:

a nry ftat rp part 0f tre water closet