International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication

Volume: 4 Issue: 3

ISSN: 2321-8169
507 - 510

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Monitoring Drivers Fatigue using Eye Blink Sensor

Pooja Holimath1 ,

Manisha Deshmukh2,

Prof.Vrishali Motgi3,

Electronics and Telecommunication

Engineering Department,Shri
Siddheshwar Womens Polytechnic,
Solapur, India
Email-Id:
poojaholimath687@gmail.com

Electronics and Telecommunication

Engineering Department,Shri
Siddheshwar Womens Polytechnic,
Solapur, India
EmailId:manideshmukh321@gmail.com

Electronics and Telecommunication

Engineering Department,Shri
Siddheshwar Womens Polytechnic,
Solapur, India
Email-Id:vrishali.motgi@gmail.com

Prof. Shailesh Pendpale4,

Electronics and Telecommunication
Engineering Department,
Shri Siddheshwar Womens Polytechnic,
Solapur, India
Email-Id:pendpalesv29@gmail.com
Abstract:- Now a days number of accidents is increasing at large places, and various technologies are being introduced to reduce the accidents.
In this project we introduce monitoring drivers fatigue using eye blink. Using eye blink sensor drivers fatigued status is monitored to prevent
form vehicle accident wherein the vehicle is stopped immediately and intimated wherever needed. The main module of this project is eye blink
sensor. The eye blink sensor is placed near the eye to sense the blink count and this information is transmitted in the form of pulses and is given
to the microcontroller. The microcontroller uses this information to compare with the normal eye blink programmed in the chip and if any
interruption occurred in this situation the vehicle is stopped with an alarm indication, this operation is enabled by means of the driver circuit
connected to vibrator motor simultaneously microcontroller uses this information for displaying the alert message in the LCD as programmed.
Keyword- AT89s52 Controller, Eye blink sensor, Vibrator motor

__________________________________________________*****_________________________________________________
1.

Introduction

The ever increasing numbers of traffic accidents all over the

world are due to diminished drivers vigilance level. Drivers
with a diminished vigilance level suffer from a marked
decline in their perception; recognition and vehicle control
abilities and therefore pose a serious danger to their own
lives and the lives of the other people. For this reason,
developing systems that continuously monitors the drivers
level of vigilance and alerting the driver of any insecure
driving condition is essential for accident prevention. The
technique for detecting drivers fatigue is monitoring the
response of the drivers eye blink. This involves periodically
requesting the driver to send a response to the system to
indicate alertness [1]. In this project an eye blink sensor is
used. The transmitter transmits IR rays continuously &
receiver receives that IR rays continuously. When drivers
eye gets closed then output of microcontroller goes high
signal. At the output microcontroller display message on
LCD, gives alerting message to buzzer and at final stage
vibrator motor generates vibrations to stop vehicle.

2.

Working Methodology

In the Monitoring drivers fatigue using eye blink sensor

consists of AT89s52 Microcontroller, Eye blink sensor,
vibrator motor, Buzzer etc. Microcontroller plays essential
role in this system.
1. We wear the goggle then IR sensor continues receive
the signal
2. When eyes are closed
3. After some delay the high signal given to controller
4. Controller is given high signal to the output devices.
5. Then buzzer is on & vehicle is stop. In this project we can
wear the goggle IR sensor sense the eye blinks continuously
when eyes are closed after some time delay the IR sensor is
given high signal to controller .controller is then given high
signal to output devices the vehicle is stopped with an alarm
indication, this operation is enabled by means of the driver
circuit connected to the vehicle motor and the signal is
transmitted via RF-transmitter at the frequency

507
IJRITCC | March 2016, Available @ http://www.ijritcc.org

_______________________________________________________________________________________

International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication

Volume: 4 Issue: 3

ISSN: 2321-8169
507 - 510

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Figure 2.1: Flow chart for monitoring drivers fatigue using

eye blink sensor.
In the transmitter section the eye blink sensor is placed near
the eye to sense the blink count and this information is
transmitted in the form of pulses and is given to the
Microcontroller. The Microcontroller signal compare with
the normal eye blink programmed in the chip and if any
abnormal situation arises the vehicle is stopped with an
alarm indication, this operation is enabled by means of the
driver circuit connected to the vehicle motor and the signal
is transmitted via RF-transmitter. In the Receiver side the
transmitted signal is received and the signal is decoded and
given to the Microcontroller, controller display alert
message in the LCD as programmed, simultaneously a
buzzer alert is given.
3.

Hardware description

The hardware part of the system contains Eye blink sensor,

power supply, LCD display, Microcontroller, vibrator
motor, buzzer. Additionally, with simulation, one can write
and test applications before target.

3.1 AT89s52: Microcontroller AT89s52 available in

different memory type such as UV-EPROM, Flash and NVRAM, but we use flash memory. This is the main
component of this project. It controls the complete working
of the project. Microcontroller receives input signal from
eye blink sensor, the sensor continuously monitor the
fatigued status of driver. If drivers eyes gets closed after
three seconds then microcontroller gives output signal to
buzzer and Eyes closed message will be displayed on
LCD. At the same time Microcontroller give output signal to
vibrator motor to stop the vehicle.
3.2 Eye blink sensor: Infrared transmitter is one type of
LED which emits infrared rays as IR Transmitter and
infrared receiver is used to receive the IR rays transmitted
by the IR transmitter. One important point is that both IR
transmitter and receiver should be placed in straight line to
each other. Eye blink sensor monitors the blinking of eyes.
When eyes gets closed, the IR sensor signal is high, the IR
transmitter LED is conducting it passes the IR rays to the
receiver. The IR receiver is connected with comparator. The
comparator is constructed with LM 358 operational
amplifier. In the comparator circuit non inverting input
terminal is connected IR receiver and inverting input
terminal is connected to reference voltage. When interrupt
occurs between the IR transmitter and receiver, as IR
receiver is connected to non inverting terminal, the IR
receiver is not conducting. So the comparator non inverting
input terminal voltage is higher than inverting input. Now
the comparator output is in the range of +5V. This voltage is
given to microcontroller and LED will glow.
3.3 Vibration Motor: A vibrator is a mechanical device to
generate vibrations. The vibration is often generated by
an unbalanced mass on its driveshaft. It is connected to the
Ignition system to stop the vehicle. When comparators
output signal is high then its output signal is given to the
vibrator to stop the vehicle.
3.4 LCD: Liquid crystal display 16x2 alphanumeric which
displays alphabets along with numbers on two lines each
containing 16 characters. These are output devices, and used
to alert the driver. The output message Eyes closed will
display on LCD when interrupt occurs between transmitter
and receiver.

Figure 3.1: Block diagram of Monitoring drivers fatigue

using eye blink sensor.

3.5 Motor Driver IC (L293D): L293D is a Motor

driver integrated circuit which is used to drive DC motors
rotating in either direction. This IC is used to drive Vibrator
motor. As microcontroller conducting 20mA sink current, it
is not sufficient to vibrate a motor, so to conduct vibrator
motor we used motor driver IC L293D to boost up the
current.

508
IJRITCC | March 2016, Available @ http://www.ijritcc.org

_______________________________________________________________________________________

International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication

Volume: 4 Issue: 3

ISSN: 2321-8169
507 - 510

_______________________________________________________________________________________
4.

Software Description

LCD displays Eyes closed, When the high signal is given

by controller.

The coding part of the microcontroller AT 89s52 is done in

C programming using Keil vision software. This
Simulation helps to understand hardware configurations and
avoids time wasted on setup problems. Additionally, with
simulation, one can write and test applications before target
hardware is available. Program is burnt into the IC using
Flash magic tool and IC burner kit 4K bytes of Flash, 128
bytes of RAM, 32 I/O lines, two 16-bit timer/counters, five
vector two-level.
5.

Figure 5.2: LCD Display

Experimental validation

The performance of the proposed control approach is

validated with aid of laboratory prototype that has system
parameters shown
in table 1.
Table 5.1: System parameter
IR transmitter
TIL38
IR receiver

TIL81

Mains
Vibrator motor

230 v
304-002

Buzzer

SD1209T3-A1

Figure 5.3: Execution of project

Based on the hardware description and flowchart the system

of Vehicle Accident Prevention sing Eye Blink Sensor is
built. The hardware model of proposed system is shown in
Figures given below. Accident Prevention and overall
procedure of selection of options, withdrawal of grains and
its record.
Given figure shows the experimental set up of Vehicle
Accident Prevention and overall procedure of selection of
options, withdrawal of grains and its record.

Figure 5.4: Monitoring Drivers Fatigue Using Eye Blink

Sensor
6.

Component establishes interface with other drivers

very easily.
Life of the driver can be saved by locking the
ignition system of the car.
Traffic management can be maintained by reducing
accidents and traffic jams can be avoided.
Using GPS & GSM exact location of the Car can
be traced on MAP.
7.

Figure 5.1: Project at working condition

Advantages

Applications

Automobiles.
Security Guard Cabins.
509

IJRITCC | March 2016, Available @ http://www.ijritcc.org

_______________________________________________________________________________________

International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication

Volume: 4 Issue: 3

ISSN: 2321-8169
507 - 510

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Operators at nuclear power plants where

continuous monitoring is necessary.
Pilots of airplane.
Military application where high intensity
monitoring of soldier is needed.
8.

Conclusion

Thus the proposed system for monitoring drivers fatigue

using eye blink sensor can be implemented and detects
fatigued status of driver. This is possible by continuously
monitoring the eyes of the driver and can be implemented
by AT89s52 Microcontroller which can efficiently work
with LCD display, vibrator motor and buzzer. Complete
working system can be build using software like Keil
vision.
9. Reference
[1] N NAROLE and P BAJAJ: A Neuro-Genetic System
Design for Monitoring Drivers Fatigue: A Design
Approach (A NEURO-GENETIC SYSTEM DESIGN)
.Raisoni College of Engineering, Nagpur
[2] Raj Kamal, Embedded Systems, 2nd Edition, TMH.
[3] Muhammad Ali Mazidi, The 8051 Microcontroller &
Embedded Systems Pearson.
[4] V. Udayshaan Kara, 8051 Microcontroller Hardware,
Software & Applications, M.S. Malikarajunsanay,
T.M.H
[5] Dr.Prasad, John Wiley & Sons ,Embedded/Real-Time
systems programming Black Book, concepts & design,
2005, edition..

Author profile

Ms. Pooja Holimath pursuing the Diploma in

Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering From Shri
Siddheshwar Womens Polytechnic, Solapur

Ms. Manisha Deshmukh pursuing the

Diploma in Electronics and Telecommunication engineering
From Shri Siddheshwar Womens Polytechnic, Solapur

Ms. Vrishali Motgi received the BE degree

from
Solapur
university
in
Electronics
and
Telecommunication engineering and M.Tech. in VLSI
Deisgn System from JNTU University in 2014. Currently
working as a lecturer in Shri Siddeshwar Womens
Polytechnic, Solapur

Mr. Shailesh Pendpale received the BE

degree from Solapur university in Electronics and
Telecommunication engineering and M.Tech. in Embedded
System from JNTU University in 2014. Currently working
as a lecturer in Shri Siddeshwar Womens Polytechnic,
Solapur

510
IJRITCC | March 2016, Available @ http://www.ijritcc.org

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