Cassandra

:
1101
. .
. .
ssnr
ssnr
(ts sm)
(olumn ml) -
(ksp) -
(olumn) (ro)
(ro k)
:
(olumn nm),
(lu).
(tmstmp)
,
.
http://habrahabr.ru/post/155115/
).
;
.
BtsTp:
AsTp: ASCII
UTF8Type: UTF-8
IntrTp:
Int32Type: 4LongType: 8UUIDType: UUID 1TimeUUIDType: UUID 1DateType: 8BoolnTp:
FloatType: 4DoubleType: 8DmlTp:
CounterColumnType: 8-
4: tru = 1
ls = 0
(consistent hashing).
(token)
(rplton tor).
(ring).
(t runn).
,
ONE;
TWO
THREE
QUORUM
LOCAL_QUORUM
EACH_QUORUM
ALL
ANY
,
:
ONE
TWO
THREE
QUORUM
LOCAL_QUORUM
EACH_QUORUM
ALL
:
(read repair)
(hinted handoff)
notool rpr
,
(anti-entropy node repair)

,
(tombstone)
HBs: 4
. Cssnr
,
.
Cassandra
cluster-level
Compaction
:
Thrift
Cassandra
:
ASF
/t/pt/sours.lst
deb http://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/debian 11x main

deb-src http://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/debian 11x main
su root
mc
/etc/apt/sources.list
/t/pt/sours.lst
f4,
f2, y
PUBLIC_KEY
gpg --keyserver pgp.mit.edu --recv-keys F758CE318D77295D

gpg --export --armor F758CE318D77295D | sudo apt-key add (
debian packet 0.7.5)
gpg --keyserver pgp.mit.edu --recv-keys 2B5C1B00

gpg --export --armor 2B5C1B00 | sudo apt-key add
Cassandra
apt-get update
apt-get install cassandra
service cassandra restart
. CQLSH
cqlsh
CQL.
CQL SQLCassandra Query Language.
cqlsh.
C*
.
ksp (
).
CREATE KEYSPACE twissandra

ITH strtgss ='SpStrtg
AND strategy_options: replication_factor = '1';
Column Fml (
(
CQL
SQL
.
).
Column Fml,
tl)
CQL
USE twissandra;
CREATE COLUMNFAMILY users (
KEY varchar PRIMARY KEY,
password varchar,
gender varchar,
session_token varchar,
state varchar,
birth_year bigint);
C*
,
PRIMAR KE.
INSERT INTO users (KEY, password) VALUES

('jsmith', 'ch@ngem3a') USING TTL 86400;
SELECT * FROM users;
ALTER COLUMNFAMIL
,
.
oupono
varchar:
ALTER TABLE users ADD coupon_code varchar;
ALTER COLUMNFAMIL,
,
.
oupono
,
,
ALTER TABLE users ALTER coupon_code

TYPE int;

INSERT
86400
UPDATE
smt,
(TTL).
UPDATE
UPDATE users USING TTL 432000 SET 'password' =

'ch@ngem3a' WHERE KEY = 'jsmith';
,
<columnFamily> DROP <column>.
,
:
ALTER TABLE
ALTER TABLE users DROP coupon_code;
oupono
,
sttk
rtr
usrs.
CREATE INDEX state_key ON users

(state);
CREATE INDEX birth_year_key ON users
(birth_year);
DELETE session_token FROM users where

KEY = 'jsmith';
DELETE FROM users where KEY ='jsmith';
DROP COLUMNFAMILY users;

DROP KEYSPACE twissandra;
:
1101
..
. .
Cssnr
1000000
.
(SELECT * FROM
names) :
:
SQLt,
Cssnr
PostrSQL
Brkl
:
1101
. .
. .
Pton
Cassandra
Ap
Python
Apache
Cassandra
Pton
Cssnr
pp
- pip install pycassa
Ap
pss,
ColumnFamily
from pycassa.pool import ConnectionPool

poo = ConntonPoo('Ksp1,'oost:9160'])
ColumnFml:
from pycassa.columnfamily import ColumnFamily

col_fam = ColumnFamily(pool, 'ColumnFamily1')
col_fam.insert('row_key', {'col_name': 'col_val'})

:
col_fam.insert('row_key',
{'col_name':'col_val','col_name2':'col_val2'})
col_fam.batch_insert({'row1': {'name1': 'val1', 'name2': 'val2'},

'row2': {'foo': 'bar'}})
col_fam.get('row_key')
col_fam.get('row_key', columns=['col_name', 'col_name2'])
col_fam.get('row_key', column_start='5', column_finish='7')
col_fam.multiget(['row1', 'row2'])
col_fam.get_count('row_key')
pool =
pycassa.ConnectionPool(keyspace='Keyspace
1', server_list=['10.0.0.4:9160', '10.0.0.5:9160'])
:
1101
. .
. .
. .
Apache Cassandra
Java
Apache Cassandra
Eclipse IDE
Maven 2 Eclipse plug-in
Eclipse
Maven
:
groupId: com.example.cassandra
artifactId: simple-client
Prot Vr
Maven > Add Dependency
tst
om.tst.ssnr
com.example.cassandra.SimpleClient
:
1101
. .
. .
. .
Apache Cassandra
cassandra.yaml
.
cluster_name ,
data_file_directories -
.
,
commitlog_directory -
saved_caches_directory .
seeds -
IP.
listen_address ,
,
, . .
5%
30%
- lolost.
Single-Node Cluster
ssnr.ml
ustrn: 'MCustrN
initial_token: 0
Snl-No,
seeds: <IP of node>

listen_address: <IP of node>
rpc_address: 0.0.0.0
endpoint_snitch: RackInferringSnitch|PropertyFileSnitch
root
# service cassandra start
Ubuntu (IP192.168.1.101)
nos P (IP192.168.1.100)
:
: 'JDNots Clustr'
cluster_name -
data_file_directories : d:\cassandra_data\data
nos
commitlog_directory :/var/lib/cassandra/commitlog.
nos
: d:\cassandra_data\commitlog
saved_caches_directory :/var/lib/cassandra/saved_caches.
Windows: d:\cassandra_data\saved_caches
seeds Uuntu.
192.168.1.101.
: /var/lib/cassandra/data.
listen_address 192.168.1.100.
: 192.168.1.101.
Ubuntu - 192.168.1.101,
, . .
0.0.0.0 -
nos P Gossp.
./cassandra -f
Multi-Node or Multi-Data Center Cluster
ssnr.ml:
node2
cluster_name: 'MyDemoCluster'
initial_token:56713727820156410577229101238628035
seed_provider:
- seeds: "110.82.155.0,110.82.155.3"
listen_address: 110.82.155.2
endpoint_snitch: RackInferringSnitch
node0
initial_token: 0
seed_provider:
- seeds: "110.82.155.0,110.82.155.3"
node1
lustrnm: 'MDmoClustr
initial_token:2835686391007820528861455061931
seed_provider:
-seeds: "110.82.155.0,110.82.155.3"
node3
initial_token:850705917302346158658436518579420528
seed_provider:
- seeds: "110.82.155.0,110.82.155.3"
node4
initial_token: 113427455640312821154458202477256070485
seed_provider:
- seeds: "110.82.155.0,110.82.155.3"
node5
initial_token: 141784319550391026443072753096570088106
seed_provider:
- seeds: "110.82.155.0,110.82.155.3"
:
1101
. .
. .
. .
Apache Cassandra
PostgreSQL
1000
1000
10000
100000
Cassandra
0,000752
0,000315
0,00087
0,000864
Postgre
0,000237
0,000225
0,000184
0,000162
1000
10000
100000
Cassandra
0,0005
0,000616
0,000638
0,000878
Postgre
0,000395
0,000706
0,00122
0,009146
Cassandra
PostgreSQL
2008
1989
Java
BSD, Linux, OS X, Windows
HP_UX, Linux, OS X, Solaris,

Unix, WIndows
Wide column store
Relational DBMS
C#, C++, Clojure, Erlang, Go,

Haskell, Java, JavaScript,
Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby,
Scala
.Net, C, C++, Java, Perl,

Python, Tcl
CQL
PSQL
API
, ADO.NET,
JDBC ODBC
:
1101
. .
. .
..
CQL
SQL,
SELECT
UPDATE,
INSERT
,
CREATE INDE.
<create-keyspace-stmt> ::= CREATE

KEYSPACE (IF NOT EXISTS)?
<identifier> WITH <properties>
CREATE KEYSPACE Excelsior WITH replication = {'class':

'SimpleStrategy', 'replication_factor' : 3};
<drop-keyspace-stmt> ::= DROP

KEYSPACE ( IF EXISTS )? <identifier>
DROP KEYSPACE myApp;
CREATE TABLE monkeySpecies (

species text PRIMARY KEY,
common_name text,
population varint,
average_size int )
WITH comment='Important biological records'
AND read_repair_chance = 1.0;
<drop-table-stmt> ::= DROP TABLE ( IF EXISTS

)? <tablename>
DROP TABLE worldSeriesAttendees;
<insertStatement> ::= INSERT INTO <tablename>

'(' <identifier> ( ',' <identifier> )* ')'
VALUES '(' <term-or-literal> ( ',' <term-or-literal> )* ')'
( IF NOT EXISTS )?
( USING <option> ( AND <option> )* )?
<term-or-literal> ::= <term>
| <collection-literal>
<option> ::= TIMESTAMP <integer>
| TTL <integer>
INSERT INTO NerdMovies (movie, director, main_actor, year)

VALUES ('Serenity', 'Joss Whedon', 'Nathan Fillion', 2005)
USING TTL 86400;
SELECT name, occupation FROM users WHERE userid IN (199, 200,

207);
SELECT name AS user_name, occupation AS user_occupation

FROM users;
SELECT time, value

FROM events
WHERE event_type = 'myEvent'
AND time > '2011-02-03'

AND time <= '2012-01-01'
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM users;

SELECT COUNT(*) AS user_count FROM users;
<create-index-stmt> ::= CREATE (

CUSTOM )? INDEX ( IF NOT EXISTS )?
<ntr>? ON <tn> '(
<identifier> ')' ( USING <string> ( WITH
OPTIONS = <map-literal> )? )?
CREATE INDEX userIndex ON NerdMovies (user);

CREATE INDEX ON Mutants (abilityId);
CREATE CUSTOM INDEX ON users (email) USING 'path.to.the.IndexClass';
CREATE CUSTOM INDEX ON users (email) USING 'path.to.the.IndexClass' WITH
OPTIONS = {'storage': '/mnt/ssd/indexes/'};
Apache Cassandra [
]:
,http://profyclub.ru/docs/172,
NoSQL-,
:
.
Cssnr 2.0
[
]:
-,
http://habrahabr.ru/post/203200/,
[
]:
: http://wiki.apache.org/cassandra,
p ssnr [
-,
:
http://habrahabr.ru/post/155115/,
CQL3
:
.
,-
.
]:

Cassandra

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:

(anti-entropy node repair)

deb http://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/debian 11x main

gpg --keyserver pgp.mit.edu --recv-keys F758CE318D77295D

debian packet 0.7.5)

gpg --keyserver pgp.mit.edu --recv-keys 2B5C1B00

CREATE KEYSPACE twissandra

INSERT INTO users (KEY, password) VALUES

ALTER TABLE users ALTER coupon_code

UPDATE users USING TTL 432000 SET 'password' =

ALTER TABLE users DROP coupon_code;

CREATE INDEX state_key ON users

DELETE session_token FROM users where

DELETE FROM users where KEY ='jsmith';

DROP COLUMNFAMILY users;

from pycassa.pool import ConnectionPool

from pycassa.columnfamily import ColumnFamily

col_fam.insert('row_key', {'col_name': 'col_val'})

col_fam.batch_insert({'row1': {'name1': 'val1', 'name2': 'val2'},

col_fam.get('row_key', columns=['col_name', 'col_name2'])

col_fam.get('row_key', column_start='5', column_finish='7')

seeds: <IP of node>

# service cassandra start

Multi-Node or Multi-Data Center Cluster

HP_UX, Linux, OS X, Solaris,

Wide column store

C#, C++, Clojure, Erlang, Go,

.Net, C, C++, Java, Perl,

<create-keyspace-stmt> ::= CREATE

CREATE KEYSPACE Excelsior WITH replication = {'class':

<drop-keyspace-stmt> ::= DROP

DROP KEYSPACE myApp;

CREATE TABLE monkeySpecies (

<drop-table-stmt> ::= DROP TABLE ( IF EXISTS

DROP TABLE worldSeriesAttendees;

<insertStatement> ::= INSERT INTO <tablename>

INSERT INTO NerdMovies (movie, director, main_actor, year)

SELECT name, occupation FROM users WHERE userid IN (199, 200,

SELECT name AS user_name, occupation AS user_occupation

SELECT time, value

AND time > '2011-02-03'

SELECT COUNT(*) FROM users;

<create-index-stmt> ::= CREATE (

CREATE INDEX userIndex ON NerdMovies (user);

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