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Argument - any group of propositions of which one is claimed to follow from the

others, which are regarded as providing support or grounds for the truth of that one
Deductive reasoning - is a logical process in which a conclusion is based on the
concordance of multiple premises that are generally assumed to be true; sometimes
referred to as top-down logic.
(Deduction) - one of the two major types of argument traditionally distinguished, the
other being induction. A deductive argument claims to provide conclusive grounds
for its conclusion; if it does so it is valid, if it does not it is invalid
Inductive reasoning - is a logical process in which multiple premises, all believed
true or found true most of the time, are combined to obtain a specific conclusion;
often used in applications that involve prediction, forecasting, or behavior.
(Induction) - One of the two major types of argument traditionally distinguised, the
other being deduction. An inductive argument claims that its premises give only
some degree of probability, but not certainty, to its conclusions
Stare decisis - the legal principle of determining points in litigation according to
precedent
Categorical Syllogism - a deductive argument consisting of three categorical
propositions that contain exactly three terms, each of which occurs in exacty two of
the propositions
Proposition - A statement; what is typically asserted using a declarative sentence,
and hence always either true or false - although its truth or falsity may be unknown.
Common law tradition - law established by court decisions rather than by statutes
enacted by legislatures; jurisprudence
Premise - In an argument, the proposition upon which inference is based; the
proposition that is claimed to provide grounds or reasons for the conclusion
Conclusion - In any argument, the proposition to which the other propositions in the
argument are claimed to give support, or for which they are given as reasons

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