CHAPTER 4

4.1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Methodology is a way to systematically solve the research problem.

4.1.1 RESEARCH – MEANING AND DEFINITION

Research is an art of scientific investigation. The advanced learner’s dictionaries of

current English lay are down the meaning of research as, “a careful investigation (or) inquiry
especially through search for new facts in any branch of knowledge”. Redmen and Mary
define research as a “systematic effort to gain knowledge”...

4.1.2 RESEARCH DESIGN

A research design is purely and simply the framework or plan for a study that guides
the collection and analysis of data. Generally a research design is a blue print of the research
that is to be followed in completing the study . For this project In the research initially the
researcher used descriptive research to report the factor as such happen. Later on he used
exploratory research to find the cause and effect.

4.2 SOURCE OF DATA

4.2.1 PRIMARY DATA

The primary data are those which are collected afresh and for the first time and thus happen to
be in original character .For this project, Primary data was collected with the help of
questionnaire and informal interview were also conducted to get the direct responses of the
employees regarding critical factors.

4.2.2 SECONDARY DATA

Secondary data are those data available already in the books of records. Secondary
data was collected from company records and annual reports.

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4.3 TOOL FOR DATA COLLECTION
The questionnaire was used to collect the data from the employee and informal interview
were also conducted to get the direct responses of the employees regarding critical factors.

The questionnaire was designed to include all attributes related to effectiveness of

training. Much care taken for construct the questionnaire, so that it is free from errors and it
makes sure that questionnaire are in logical sequence.

The questioner designed consists of dichotomous questions and various rating scale.

4.4 POPULATION

The population or universe can be defined as aggregate of items possessing a common trait. In
this study population is finite having definite and no. of employees working in whirlpool of
India limited.

4.5 SAMPLE

Few items selected from the universe for the purpose of study is called sample. Here the
respondents are the employees of whirl pool of India limited.

4.6 SAMPLE DESIGN

Sample design is a definite plan determined before any data actually for obtaining for a
sample from a given data. The sample was collected from population. In the sample size
considered for the study is 100. The purpose of selected sample from the given population is
called sampling

The simple random sampling (probability sampling) is used for the study. The simple random
sampling is that in which each and every item in the population as an equal chance of
inclusion in the sample and each one of the possible samples in case of finite universe, has the
same probability of being selected.

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4.7 STATISICAL TOOL USED FOR ANALYSIS

The following are tools used for analyzing the data collected

 Correlation

 Chi-square

 Co- efficient of variation

 Percentage method

4.7.1 Percentage Method:

It refers to special kind of ratio. It is used to making comparisons between two or

more series of data. Percentages are used to describe relationships.

Percentage = No. Of Respondents X 100

Total No. Of Respondents

4.7.2 Correlation:

Correlation measures the average relationship between two ore more variables. When
change in the value of a variable affects the value of another variables. We say that there is a
correlation between two variables. The two variables may more in the same or opposite
direction.

COV (X, Y)
r=
σ X σ Y

COV (X,Y) = (N)∑XY – XY

σ X = N∑X2 – X2

σ Y = N∑Y2 – Y2

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4.7.3 CHI-SQUARE ANALYSIS:

Karl Pearson developed a test for testing the significance of discrepancy between
experimental values and the theoretical values obtained under some theory or some
hypothesis. This test is known as Chi square test or Test of goodness of fit. Chi-square test
has been used in this study to find the association between quality of training programme and
satisfactory level of employees.
The formula for computing chi-square (χ 2) is as follows

2
χ 2 = Σ { ( Ο − Ε ) / Ε}

4.7.4 CO-EFFECIEN OF VARIATION:

Co-Efficient Of Variation = σ /x * 100

Where, σ is standard deviation, X is mean

Mean = Σ X/N

STANDARD DEVIATION (σ ) = (∑X-X) 2/N

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