CONTENTS

CHAPTER I
DUTIES OF PERMANENT WAY OFFICIALS/MEN
PART 'A'
Duties of Assistant Engineer/Assistant Divisional Engineer
General 101. Essential duties of Assistant Engineer 102. Knowledge of rules and regulations
103. Coordination with officials of other departments 104. Inspection by higher officials 105.
Inspection by Assistant Engineer 106. Inspection of Permanent Way 107. Execution of Works
108. Measurement of Ballast 109. Action in case of emergencies 110. Accompanying Track
Recording/Oscillograph Cars 111. Control over Expenditure 112. Training of probationers
113. Witnessing payments to staff 114. Inspection of office and stores of Inspectors 115.
Staff matters 116. Relinquishment of charge 117.
PART 'B'
Duties of Permanent Way Inspectors / Section Engineer (P Way)
Duties of Permanent Way Inspectors (in overall charge)
General responsibility 118. Knowledge of rules and regulations 119. Co-ordination with
works, bridge and staff of other departments 120. Keeping of materials 121. Accompanying
on inspections of higher officials 122 Testing of running qualities of track 123. Routine
inspection of track 124. Revised Schedule of Inspection of track 124A. Safety of track 125.
Check on Patrolling 126. Execution of works affecting Track 127. Action in case of
emergency 128. Inspection and maintenance of LWR/CWR Track 129. Measurement of
Ballast 130. Station Yards 131. Witnessing payment to staff 132. Other Establishment
matters 133. Correspondence and records 134, Relinquishment of charge 135.
Duties of Permanent Way Inspectors (not in overall charge)
General responsibilities 136. Knowledge of rules and regulations 137. Co- ordination with
Works, Bridge and Staff of other departments 138. Routine Inspection of Track 139. Revised
Schedule of Inspection of track 139A. Annual maintenance works 140. Check on patrolling
141. Execution of works affecting Track 142. Action in case of emergency 143. Maintenance
of LWR/CWR Track 144. Witnessing payments to staff 145.
PART 'C'
Duties of Permanent Way Mistries
General responsibilities 146. Knowledge of rules and signals 147. Permanent Way Mistry incharge of gangs 148.
PART 'D'
Duties of Mates, Keymen and Gangmen
General
Knowledge of rules and signals 149. Safety of the line 150. Equipment at site of work 151.
Musters and Gang Charts/Diary books 152. Observance of sleeper packing during passage
of train 153 Precautions when view is obstructed. 154. Tidiness of section 155. Safe custody
of tools 156. Action when line is unsafe or in the event of accident 157. Patrolling during
abnormal rainfall 158. Commencing work affecting safety of trains 159. Weekly inspection of
gang length by mate 160. Preventing trespass and theft of Permanent way fittings 161.
Relief arrangement in emergencies 162. Assistance to Posts and Telegraph staff 163.
Assistance in protection of trains 164. Assistance in placing fog signals 165. Responsibilities
of the Mate in LWR track 166.
Duties of Keyman
Selection and training of Keyman 167. Keyman's daily inspection 168(1). Roster duty hours
of Keyman 168(2). Equipment of Keyman 169. Duties of Keyman 170. Keyman's book 171.
CHAPTER II

THE MAINTENANCE OF PERMANENT WAY

PART 'A'
Responsibility of Engineering officials 201.Classification of lines 202.Systems of track
maintenance 203. Annual programme of track maintence 204. Maintenance planning 205.
Record of gang work 206. Attention to Inspection Notes 207. Record of work of artisans and
other workmen employed 208. Special reports on the condition of Permanent way 209.
Permanent Way Inspector's section register 210. Permanent way plans and diagrams 211.
Records of materials under trial 212. Strength of gangs 213. Musters 214. Custody of gang
tools 215. Section Limit Board 216. Kilometre and gradient posts 217.Telegraph pole
number 218. Verification of land boundaries 219. Trolly refuges 220. Standard dimensions
221. Felling of trees obstructing view 222. Side drains, catch water drains and water-ways
223.
PART 'B'
Regular Track Maintenance
Through packingConventional maintenance by beater packing 224. Maintenance by
Measured shovel packing (deleted) 225. Track maintenance by machines 226. Systematic
overhauling 227. 3-tier system of track maintenance 228. Picking up slacks 229.
Observance of sleepers under passage traffic 230. Sample of standard section off track 231.
Checking work of gangs by PWI232. Lifting of track 233. Lowering of track 234. Distance
pieces to platform lines 235. Fouling marks 236. Inspection and maintenance of Points and
Crossings 237.
PART 'C'
Works incidental to regular track maintenance
Deep screening of ballast 238. Side and catch water drains and water-ways 239. Drainage in
station yards 240. Lubrication of rail joints 241. Counteraction and adjustment of creep 242.
Buckling of track 243.
PART 'D'
Sleepers and Fastenings
Laying of sleepers 244. Wooden sleepers 245. Cast iron sleepers 246. Steel trough sleepers
247.
PART 'E'
Rails and Fastenings
Standard sections of rails 248. Causes of rail deterioration 249. Rail maintenance to reduce
rail deterioration 250. Maintenance of rail joints 251. Inspection of rails in service 252.
Action to be taken in the case of rail fractures/weld failures 253. Stacking of rails 254.
Handling of rails 255. Rail closures 256. Rail failures 257 Careful usage of fish-plates 258.
Combination fish-plates 259. Fish plate failures 260.
PART 'F'
Ballast and Ballast Depots
Type of ballast in use 261. Size of ballast 262. Ballast profiles/Sections/Depths of cushion
263. Assessment of ballast requirements 264. Collection and training out of ballast 265.
Depot collection of ballast 266. Along side collections 267. Handing over charge by AEN 268.
Unloading ballast along the line 269. Surplus ballast along the line 270. Ballasting new
formation 271.
PART 'G'
Track structure on Bridges
Rail and rail joints on Bridges 272. Bridge timbers 273. Use of rail free fastenings in girder
bridges 274. Provision of guard rails on bridges 275. Provision of walkways 276. Inspection

and maintenance of track on approaches of bridges 277. Inspection and maintenance of

Track on bridge proper 278.
Maintenance of Track in track circuited areas
Precautions to be taken while working. 279. Insulated joints 280. Glued insulated joints
281.
PART 'J'
Maintenance in Electrified areas
General instructions 282. Special instructions 283. Maintaining continuity of track 284.
Catch sidings 285. Additional precautions in A. C. Traction area 286. Fire in Electrified areas
287. Permanent Way Tools 288. Treatment of persons suffering from Electric shock 289.
Accident to power lines of outside bodies 290.
PART 'K'
Treatment of Formation
Classification of formation 291. Nature of formation problems 292. Site investigations 293.
Soil investigations and testing 294. Remedial measures suggested 295.
CHAPTER III
PERMANENT WAY RENEWALS
Classification of renewals 301. Factors governing Permanent Way renewal 302. Planning of
Renewals 303. Track renewal programme 304. Track standards for renewals 305. Planning
for posting of staff and other facilities 306. Traffic facilities for renewals 307. Speed
restrictions 308. Project Report for track renewal works 309 A. Preliminary Works 309 B.
Unloading of rails, sleepers and fastenings 310. Methods of carrying out renewal 311.
Relaying with Mechanical equipment 312. Complete relaying Method (Manual) 313.
Piecemeal method of Relaying (Manual) 314. Essential points to be observed during linking
315. Track laying standards 316. Renewal of points and crossings 317. Sleepers in yards
and running lines 318. Rails in station yards 319. Classification and use of released
materials 320. Marking of Permanent Way material 321. Identification of different qualities
of rails in field 322. Works to be attended after completion of relaying 323.
CHAPTER IV
CURVED TRACK AND REALIGNMENT OF CURVES
PART 'A'
General
Determination of radius 401. The reference rail 402. Gauge on curves 403 Definitions 404.
Safe Spaed on curves 405. Superelevation, cant deficiency and cant excess 406. Length of
transition curve and setting out transitions 407. Running out superelevation 408.
Indicators/Boards provided in curves 409. Speed over turn-out curves 410. Permissible
speed over curved main line at turn-outs 411. No change of superelevation over turn-outs
412. Curves of contrary flexure 413. Curves of similar flexure 414. Curves with crossovers
415. Curves with diamond crossings 416. Extra clearance on curves 417. Compensation for
curvature on gradient 418. Vertical curve 419.
PART 'B'
Realignment of Curve
Running on curves 420. Criteria for realignment of a curve 421. Stringlining operations 422.
Realigning curves on double or multiple lines 423. Cuttings of rails on curves 424. Joints on
curves 425. Check rails on curves 426. Wear on outer rail of curves 427. Measurement of
rail wear on sharp curves 428.
CHAPTER V
WELDING OF RAILS : LAYING AND MAINTENANCE OF SHORT WELDED RAILS,
LONG WELDED RAILS AND CONTINUOUS WELDED RAILS

PART 'A'
Welding of rails
General 501. Alumino Thermit Welding of rails 502. Tolerances allowed in the case of Flash
butt welds 503. Short pre-heat welding process 504.
PART 'B'
Short welded rails
Definitions 505. Track structure for SWR 506. Conditions of laying 507. Laying of short
welded rails 508. Maintenance of short welded rails 509. Gap survey and adjustment of gap
510. Conversion of SWR into LWR 511.
PART 'C'
Long welded rails/Continous welded rails
Reference to LWR/CWR Manual 512.
CHAPTER VI
TRACK RECORDING, ANALYSIS AND MONITORING
Introduction 601. Track recording by Mechanical/Electronic equipment 602. Track recording
Cars 603. Mechanical Track recording Car 604. Electronic Track recording Car 605.
Frequency of Track recording 606. Track categories for various parameters 607. Analysis of
track recording Car charts 608. Arrangements for running TRC 609. Actual running of TRC
610. Action to be taken on TRC charts 611. Brief explanation of recordings 612. Monitoring
of riding quality of track 613. Hallade track recorder 614. Oscillograph Car 615. Analysis of
Oscillograms and interpretation of results 616. Use of oscillograph car recordings 617.
Portable accelerometers 618.
CHAPTER VII
ACTION DURING ACCIDENTS INCLUDING BREACHES AND PRE-MONSOON
PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES
PART 'A'
Action during accidents including breaches
Observance of Rules 701. Report of accident to Station Master/Railway servant-in-charge of
Block hut 702. Accidents impairing through traffic 703. Action at site 704. Report to the
Chief Engineer 705. Attendance of Police at site 706. Examination of site and preparation of
sketches 707. Recording particulars at site of accident 708. Use of recorded data 709.
Repairs to damaged track 710. Procurement and arrangement of labour 711. Diversion 712.
Transhipment 713. Funds required during Emergencies 714. Obstructions found on track
715. Flooded Causeways/Dips 716. Special precautions when track is submerged 717.
Driver's report on defects in track 718. Abnormal occurrences attributable to locomotives
and other rolling stock 719. Accidents not affecting through traffic 720. Records of accidents
721. Accident statements to the Railway Board 722.
PART 'B'
Pre-monsoon precautionary measures
General precautions to be taken before monsoon 723. Materials for emergencies 724.
Service spans and Rail clusters 725. Railway affecting works (including Railway affecting
tanks) 726. Vigilance over Railway affecting tanks during heavy rains 727. Weather
warnings and action to be taken 728.
CHAPTER VIII
ENGINEERING RESTRICTIONS AND INDICATORS AND USE OF DETONATING AND
FLARE SIGNALS
Work involving danger to train or traffic 801. Carrying out of works, in case of emergency
802. Responsibility of the Railway servant in-charge of the work 803. Precautions before

commencing operations which would obstruct the line 804. Categories of Engineering works
805. Works of short duration 806. Works of long duration 807. Temporary Engineering Fixed
SignalsLocation and details 808. Procedure for passing trains at stop-dead restrictions
809. Procedure for Blocking line for Engineering purposes 810. Work at time of poor
visibility 811. Temporary signals in emergency 812. Periodical Notice of Engineering
restrictions 813. Permanent speed restriction indicators 814. Indicators (General) 815.
Detonating signals 816. Care and custody 817. Stock with Engineering staff 818. Use of
detonators 819. Testing 820. Life of detonators 821. Disposal of time-barred detonators
822. Safety range 823. Flare signalsDescription 824. Use of flare signals 825. Safeworking
of Contractors 826.
CHAPTER IX
LEVEL CROSSING AND GATEMAN
General location 901. Classification of Level Crossings 902. Categories of Roads 903.
Standards for different classes of level crossings 904. Gates and locking arrangements 905.
Skew level crossings 906. Normal position of gates 907. Gate lamps and blinders 908.
Traffic and Engineering gates 909. Equipment at level crossings 910. Siting of gate-lodges
911. Appointment of Gatemen, rosters and medical fitness certificates 912. Duties of
Gatemen 913. Maintenance of level crossing, examination of gate- equipment and Gateman
in rules 914. Level crossing registers 915. Level crossing indicators 916. Visibility
requirements for unmanned level crossings 917. Provision of speed breakers on the
approaches of unmanned level crossings 918. Census of traffic at level crossings,
unmanned/manned 919. Unmanned ' C ' class level crossings 920. Track structure in level
crossings 921. Manning of the unmanned level crossings through Member of Parliament
Local Area Development Scheme (MPLADS) 922. Level Crossings on National Highways/
State Highways and other important roads 923. Provision of new level
Crossings/Manning/Demanning/Elimination 924. Criteria for Replacement of existing level
crossings (other than those provided on 'Deposit Terms') with road Over/Under Bridges on
cost sharing basis 925.
CHAPTER X
PATROLLING OF THE RAILWAY LINE
Types of Patrolling 1001. Protection of line in case of Emergency 1002. Commencement and
termination 1003. Preparation of Patrol Charts 1004. Distribution of Patrol Charts 1005.
Patrol Books and Systematic Patrolling 1006. Equipment of patrolman 1007. Selection of
Patrolman 1008. Certificate to be submitted by P.W.I. 1009. Duties of Patrolmen 1010.
Action when damage is observed 1011. Responsibility of Engineering Officials in the matter
of Patrolling 1012. Action by A.E.N. and P.W.1. on receipt of information regarding Damage
to the Line 1013. Vulnerable locations (Points) 1014.
CHAPTER XI
THE WORKING OF TROLLIES, MOTOR TROLLIES AND LORRIES
General Instructions 1101. Distinction between Trolly, Motor Trolly and Lorry 1102.
Certificate of competency 1103. Officials permitted to use Trollies, Motor Trollies and Lorries
1104. Responsibility for safe working 1105. Efficient brakes 1106. Attachment to Trains
Prohibited 1107. Working on track circuited Sections and section provided with treadls 1108.
Numbering of trollies /Motor Trolies/ Lories 1109. conveyance of non-railway officials 1112.
Trolly-permits for private sidings 1113. Military officers using trollies in Ordnance depots
1114. Trolly refuges and observation posts 1115. Equipment for Trolly/Motor Trolly/Lorry
1116. Signals for Trolly/Motor Trolly/Lorry 1117. Working of Trollies 1118. Working of Motor
Trollies 1119. Working of Lorries 1120. Working of Cycle Trollies and Moped Trollies 1121.
Working of Rail Dolleys 1122.
CHAPTER XII
WORKING OF MATERIAL TRAINS AND TRACK MACHINES

Rules for working 1201. Material Train 1202. Economical working 1203. Restrictions in
running 1204. Brake-vans and Shelter wagons 1205. Ordering of Material trains 1206. Issue
of' Fit-to-run ' certificate 1207. Official-in-charge of Material train 1208. Equipment 1209.
Testing of brake power 1210. Working in Block Section 1211. Pushing of Material trains
1212. Procedure to be followed while pushing back 1213. Running on Ghat Section and
descending grade 1214. Passage over points 1215. Speed of material trains 1216. Stabling
of a material train 1217. Reporting deficiencies and damages 1218. Warning to workers on
material trains 1219. Engine Crew's hours of duty 1220. Loading at Ballast depots 1221.
Working trip 1222. Operation of Hoppers 1223. Training out materials and daily reports of
working 1224. Charges for material train working 1225. Register of Engineering vehicles
1226. Working of Track maintenance machines 1227.
CHAPTER XIII
PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING SANCTION AND CARRYING OUT WORKS AFFECTING
SAFETY OF THE RUNNING LINE AND FOR OPENING NEW WORKS
Reference to rules 1301. Works requiring sanction of C.R.S. and notice there for 1302.
Application for sanction of works 1303. Documents to accompany application 1304.
Submission of Safety Certificate 1305. Deviations from plans approved by C.R.S. 1306.
Applications for running of new types of locomotives and/or rolling stock and for increase in
speed 1307. Notification to Railway officials when opening works 1308. Works arising out of
accidents including breaches 1309. Opening of new lines 1310.
CHAPTER XIV
LAYING AND MAINTENANCE OF CONCRETE SLEEPERS
Types of concrete sleepers 1401. Identification of sleepers at Site 1402. Fittings to be used
1403. Locations
where concrete sleepers are used 1404. Laying of concrete sleepers 1405. Operations
connected with relaying 1406. Procedure for manual laying 1407. Maintenance of concrete
sleeper Track 1408. Casual renewal of concrete sleepers 1409. Corrosion of Steel in
concrete sleepers 1410. Maintenance of concrete sleeper fastenings 1411. Action in case of
derailment 1412. Laying of fanshaped turnout sleepers 1413.
CHAPTER XV
TRAINING FOR PERMANENT WAY STAFF
Types of Training Courses 1501. Initial/Induction Courses 1502. Promotional courses 1503.
Refresher Courses 1504. Special Courses 1505.
CHAPTER XVI
BOOKS OF REFERENCE
Books of reference 1601. Circulation of Technical papers 1602.
LIST OF ANNEXURES
Annexure No.

Particulars of sketch/Performa

2/1

Railway Map of India / BG showing group 'A' and 'B' routes

2/2

Railway Map of India/MG showing group ' Q ' routes

2/3

Typical gang Chart

2/4

Track diagram

2/5

Permanent way diagram of station yard

2/6

Pro forma for inspection of points and crossings

2/7

Pro forma of creep register

2/8

Reconditioning of holes in wooden sleepers

Para ref

2/9

Criteria for declaring rails as defective by Ultrasonic Testing

2/10

Pro forma for reporting rail failures

2/11

Ballast profile for LWR Track/BG

2/12

Ballast profile for LWR Track/MG

2/13

Ballast profile for other than LWR/BG

2/14

Ballast profile for other than LWR/MG

2/15

Ballast profile for NG

2/16

Preparation of Bridge Timber

2/17

Temporary connection during relaying operations (Electrified areas).

2/18

Locations where soil sampling is to be done

252(d

3/1

Pro forma for justification for complete track renewal

3/2

Pro forma for loss of weight of released scrap (P. Way components) ..

32

3/3

Pro forma for summary of summary of P. Way material to be released..

32

4/1

Cant and speed in BG for different Radii

4/2

Cant and speed in MG for different Radii

4/3

Maximum speed and cant in non-transitioned curves with cant on virtual

transition.

4/4

Maximum speed and cant in non-transitioned curves without cant.

4/5

Performa of curve register

5/1

Rail temperature Zone Map

5/2

Pro forma for Gap Survey and rectification of gaps

6/1

Sample chart of TRC (Mechanical)/BG

6/2

Sample chart of TRC (Electronic)/BG

6/3

Sample chart of TRC (Electronic)/MG

6/4

Sample Hallade chart

6/5

Oscillograph car chart/BG

6/6

Portable accelerometer chart

7/1

Details to be collected in the case of accidents for preparation of a sketch

7/2

Performa showing the Permanent way particulars to be collected in the

case of accident

8/1

works of snort duration - Protection of line in case of stop dead

restriction.

8/2
8/3
8/3A

Works of short duration - Protection of line in case of reduced speed.

Location of Engineering indicators for dead stop and non-stop
restrictions.

80

Position of engineering indicators in case of multi speed restrictions

807

8/4

Details of Engineering indicators for temporary/permanent - restrictions.

807

8/5

Competency Certificate

9/1

Classification and Standard Specification for level crossings

9/2

Details of Stop disc and Safety chain to be used in emergencies

9/3

Protection diagram in emergencies in the case of level crossing

9/4

Pro forma for level crossing register

9/5

Details of Whistle Boards on the approaches of level crossings

9/6

Speed Breaker Plan

9/7

Warning Signs

10/1

Specimen patrol chart - Low density line

10/2

Specimen patrol chart - Heavy density line - 2 Beats

10/3

Specimen patrol chart - Heavy density line - 3 Beats

11/1

Specimen of Indemnity Bond for Trolly use by outsiders

11/2

Specimen of Indemnity Bond for siding users

11/3

Trolly/Lorry notice

11/4

Protection of Trolly on line

11/5

Protection of Lorry on line

12/1

Daily report of Material train working

13/1 to 13/3

1118

Application for CRS sanction and Annexures

13/4

Safety certificate in the case of new Locomotive/Rolling Stock.

13/5

Safety certificate while opening works

13/6

Form of telegram to be sent while opening works

14/1

Proposed Disposition of Fan shaped Concrete Layout

16/1

List of Books of Reference

M/1

Instruction Manual for Measured Shovel Packing

(D

M/2

Manual of Instructions on Long Welded Rails (1979)

(D

M/3

Manual of Instructions for Directed Track Maintenance

(D

M/4 & M5

Concordance Table (Old)

(D

M/6

Concordance Table (New)