Diet: the kinds of food that a person, animal, or community habitually eats.

Calorie: the energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water through 1 C,
used to measure food.
Macronutrient:a substance required in relatively large amounts by living organisms, in
particular (Protein, Fats, Carbs, etc.).
Micronutrient: a chemical element or substance required in trace amounts for the
normal growth and development of living organisms.
Daily Value: a guide to the nutrients in one serving of food.
Minerals: certain substances necessary for the maintenance of life and good health.
Nutrients: a substance that provides nourishment essential for growth and the
maintenance of life.
Cholesterol: a steroid alcohol that is present in animal cells and body fluids, regulates
membrane fluidity, and functions as a precursor molecule in various metabolic pathways
and as a constituent of LDL may cause atherosclerosis.
Fiber: dietary material containing substances such as cellulose, lignin, and pectin,
which are resistant to the action of digestive enzymes.
Added Sugar: Added sugars are sugars and syrups that are added to foods or
beverages when they are processed or prepared.
Metabolism: the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to
maintain life.
Malnutrition: lack of proper nutrition, caused by not having enough to eat, not eating
enough of the right things, or being unable to use the food that one does eat.
Obesity: the condition of being grossly fat or overweight.
Protein: large molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids and are
an essential part of all living organisms, especially as structural components of body
tissues such as muscle, hair, collagen, etc., and as enzymes and antibodies.
Carbohydrates: any of a large group of organic compounds occurring in foods and
living tissues and including sugars, starch, and cellulose.
Saturated Fat:a type of fat containing a high proportion of fatty acid molecules without
double bonds, considered to be less healthy in the diet than unsaturated fat.
Unsaturated Fat: a type of fat containing a high proportion of fatty acid molecules with
at least one double bond, considered to be healthier in the diet than saturated fat.
Trans Fat: An unhealthy substance, also known as trans fatty acid, made through the
chemical process of hydrogenation of oils.
Organic: Relating to or derived from living matter. Fats are organic compounds that are
made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Whole Grain: Made with or containing whole unprocessed grain.
Fructose: a hexose sugar found especially in honey and fruit.
Folic Acid: a vitamin of the B complex, found especially in leafy green vegetables, liver,
and kidney.

Body Mass Index: a weight-to-height ratio, calculated by dividing one's weight in

kilograms by the square of one's height in meters and used as an indicator of obesity
and underweight.
Pasteurization: a process that kills microbes (mainly bacteria) in food and drink, such
as milk, juice, canned food, and others.
Vitamin A: any of several fat-soluble vitamins (as retinol) found especially in animal
products (as egg yolk, milk, or fish-liver oils) or a mixture of them whose lack in the
animal body causes epithelial tissues to become keratinous (as in the eye with resulting
visual defects)
Vitamin C: a group of water-soluble vitamins that are found especially in yeast, seed
germs, eggs, liver and flesh, and vegetables and that have varied metabolic functions
and include coenzymes and growth factors
Vitamin D: any or all of several fat-soluble vitamins chemically related to steroids,
essential for normal bone and tooth structure, and found especially in fish-liver oils, egg
yolk, and milk or produced by activation (as by ultraviolet irradiation) of sterols.
Calcium: Calcium is the most plentiful mineral found in the human body. The teeth and
bones contain the most calcium.
Basal Metabolic Rate: is the amount of energy expended while at rest in a neutrally
temperate environment, in the postabsorptive state
Omega 3 & 6 Fatty Acids: Essential fatty acids needed that the body does not
produce.
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