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Bicol University
GRADUATE SCHOOL
College of Nursing Graduate Program
Module
For
Population
Module Description: The module describes the current population distribution, current Philippine
situation, effects of population explosion and population control. The emphasis of the module is on the
population of the Philippines, its situation and its effects to better understand the trends and changes in
the past years and its implication on the coming future.
General Objective: at the end of the module, the student will have and acquire a deeper understanding
and knowledge about population distribution, current situation of the Philippines, effects, and trends
and changes in population as well as the effects of fertility as related to population.
Specific Objective: discuss the meaning of population, present the projected population and compare to
actual population and be able to correlate the difference, discuss the current Philippine situation in
regards to population, and discuss fertility and its effect to population explosion and to be to provide
solution through population control.
Lessons:
This lesson shows the Population distribution of the Philippines group according to their respective
regions and subdivided according to their provinces and according to gender. The population
distribution maybe projected or actual depending on the availability of the current census as long as the
source is reliable.
Population
Population distribution
- how the population of an area is arranged according to variables such as age, race, or sex
World population distribution is uneven. Places which are sparsely populated contain few people. Places
which are densely populated contain many people. Sparsely populated places tend to be difficult places
to live. Nobody likes to live
It took humanity 200,000 years to reach its first billion mark and due to the agricultural revolution
around 8,000 BC, humans could support more population so the increase started. In a matter of 100
years the population hits its second billion mark; the third in a matter of another 30 years; the fourth in
a matter of another 15 years; the fifth in a matter of another 10 years,; and the sixth in a matter of
another 15 years. Now the population of the world is around 6.7 billion and with a projection of 9 billion
by 2050. The interval between years is shortening and the population is just increasing with this
continuing trend there will be lesser land area to occupy and scarce resources to allocate.
By 2050 (Medium variant)
2009
2050
STOP
Let’s stop and internalized
Learning Activity
TO DO: Search the internet or research on the current population distribution on your nearest National
Statistics Office of the present year. Compare it to other countries and rank them.
The current population of the Philippines as projected by the National Statistics Office for 2010 is
between 93. 5 million to 94.5 million and will be able to reach an estimated 147 million on 2040/50. An
estimated of 47.5 million for the male population and 47 million for the female population. The
Philippine population would continue to grow as stated above until 2040 reaching the staggering
amount of 147 million. As of May 2000 census the country has 76.5 million and the population had
grown 18 million in just a matter of 10 years. On 2009, the Philippines is ranked 12 th most densely
populated country in the world with the population of over 92 million until today we hold that record. It
is estimated that half of the population resides in the island of Luzon with Manila considered to be the
eleventh most populous metropolitan in the world. The population of the Greater Manila Area is around
20 million which compromise an estimated 20% of the total population. Life expectancy is 71.09 years,
with 74.15 years for females and 68.17 years for males. Population growth rate between 1995 to 2000
was 3.21% but has decreased to an estimated 1.95% for the 2005 to 2010 period with this growth rate
though decreased still stands the 5th fastest growing in the world. 2005 to 2010 period, the birth rate is
24.89/ 1000 population, death rate of 5.41deaths/ 1000, net migration rate of -1.48 migrant(s)/ 1000
population, sex ratio of 1 male/ female for the total population but at birth there is 1.05 male/ female,
infant mortality rate of a total of 22.81 deaths/ 1000 live births with 25.59 deaths/ 1000 live births for
females and 19.89 deaths/ 1000 live births for male.
As indicated in Table 1 of the projected population index the median for the population for 2010 is
around 94 million. Table 2 projected to have 141 million by 2040. The other tables also show the
different regions population distribution. Among the population distribution of the region let us focus
locally on Bicol region. Bicol region alone has an estimated of 5.7 million residents, whom an estimated
of 2.9 million are male and 2.8 million are female, in which Camarines Sur has the most population of an
estimated 1.9 million, with 970,400 male and 933,800 female, followed by Albay of 1.3 million.
Attached is the population distribution of the Philippines as of 2010 as projected by the NSO
This lesson shows the current population situation of the Philippines noting the status of the Philippines
and how the Philippine adapt to the increasing population.
Among the regions, CALABARZON is projected to have the largest population by 2010, surpassing
the NCR which currently has the largest population. In 2010, CALABARZON would have 11.9 million
people, while the NCR, 11.6 million. By 2040, CALABARZON would have 18.5 million, and Central Luzon,
by then the second largest region, would have 15.0 million. Cordillera Administrative Region would
continue to have the smallest population with 2.7 million by year 2040. Meanwhile, MIMAROPA would
remain as the fastest growing region, as it is expected to have an annual growth rate of 2.6 percent in
2005-2010 and 1.6 percent in 2035-2040.
Within the metropolitan of Manila, Quezon City ranked first in terms of population in highly
urbanized cities followed by Manila and Caloocan City and Davao City outside of the NCR area. Half of
the population, around 55%, reside in the island of Luzon, followed by Mindanao with an estimated 24%
and the Visayas with an estimated of 21% of the total population. The age median is at 22.5 years old;
meaning half of the population is below 22.5 years old. As of 2010, we have an estimated 94 million
residents in the Philippines which is continually growing giving our resources a tight stretch. With the
recent issues of rice shortage, water shortage, and power outage, increasing number of families below
the poverty line, increasing number of out of school youth, increasing number of crime rate due to
poverty, the country is struggling to get by.
What is the ranking of the Philippines in the most densely populated country?
This lesson shows the effects of population explosion the country and the world. This lesson provides
the meaning of population explosion and show an overview of what may happen if population explosion
is not prevented nor solved.
Population explosion (population eruption). A sudden rapid increase in size of the population of a
species or genus. The most violent explosions occur when a species is introduced into a new locality
where it finds unexploited resources of suitable food, shelter, etc., and a lack of negative controls such
as predators or parasites
What makes the population explosion a problem? This splurge of growth gives jitters to state
economists and policy makers for the reason that human beings need resources in order to survive.
Since these resources have their limits, a continuous snowballing of the human population would be
difficult to sustain and would eventually reach a point where it could no longer be sustained.
We may just take a look at the more basic needs of food, water, shelter and air. As the population
increases, agricultural lands are converted to residential use, which entails a reduction of food
production. Converting the forest reserves into agricultural lands in order to meet the rising demand for
food would not be a wise option because this would cut into the oxygen and water cycles that the same
growing population needs.
Go to your nearest slum area. Assess and observe the status of living, way of life and culture most
dominant. Make a reaction paper based on your experience from the activity.
This activity aims to provide the student an overview of what will happen if no intervention is done if
population continues to explode.
This lesson shows the method of population control and measures the world and the government would
take to solve the problem of population explosion
Human population control is the practice of artificially altering the rate of growth of a human population.
Historically, human population control has been implemented by limiting the population's birth rate,
usually by government mandate, and has been undertaken as a response to factors including high or
increasing levels of poverty, environmental concerns, religious reasons, and overpopulation. While
population control can involve measures that improve people's lives by giving them greater control of their
reproduction, some programs have exposed them to exploitation. Worldwide, the population control
movement was active throughout the 1960s and 1970s, driving many reproductive health and family
planning programs. In the 1980s, tension grew between population control advocates
and feminist women's health activists who advanced women's reproductive rights as part of a human
rights-based approach. Growing opposition to the narrow population control focus led to a significant
change in population control policies in the early 1990s.
Methods
Population control may use one or more of the following practices although there are other methods as
well:
Contraception
Abstinence
abortion
emigration
Decreasing immigration
starvation, famine
pestilence, plague
war
The method(s) chosen can be strongly influenced by the religious and cultural beliefs of community
members. The failure of other methods of population control can lead to the use of abortion or infanticide
as necessary final options. While a specific population control practice may be legal/mandated in one
country, it may be illegal or restricted in another, indicative of the controversy surrounding this topic.
Birth control is a regimen of one or more actions, devices, sexual practices, or medications followed
in order to deliberately prevent or reduce the likelihood of pregnancy or childbirth. There are three
main routes to preventing or ending pregnancy: the prevention of fertilization of
the ovum by sperm cells ("contraception"), the prevention of implantation of
the blastocyst ("contragestion"), and the chemical or surgical induction or abortion of the
developing embryo or, later, fetus. In common usage, term "contraception" is often used for both
contraception and contragestion.
The history of birth control began with the discovery of the connection between coitus and pregnancy.
The oldest forms of birth control included coitus interruptus, pessaries, and the ingestion of herbs that
were believed to be contraceptive or abortifacient. The earliest record of birth control use is
an ancient Egyptian set of instructions on creating a contraceptive pessary.
Different methods of birth control have varying characteristics. Condoms, for example, are the only
methods that provide significant protection from sexually transmitted diseases. Cultural and religious
attitudes on birth control vary significantly.
Sexual abstinence is the practice of refraining from some or all aspects of sexual activity for medical,
psychological, legal social or religious reasons.
Abortion has a long history and has been induced by various methods including herbal abortifacients,
the use of sharpened tools, physical trauma, and other traditional methods. Contemporary medicine
utilizes medications and surgical procedures to induce abortion. The legality, prevalence, and cultural
views on abortion vary substantially around the world. In many parts of the world there is prominent
and divisive public controversy over the ethical and legal issues of abortion. Abortion and abortion-
related issues feature prominently in the national politics in many nations, often involving the
opposing "pro-life" and "pro-choice" worldwide social movements. Incidence of abortion has declined
worldwide, as access to family planning education and contraceptive services has increased.
Abortion incidence in the United States declined 8% from 1996 to 2003
Emigration is the act of leaving one's native country or region to settle in another. It is the same
as immigration but from the perspective of the country of origin. Human movement before the
establishment of political boundaries or within one state, is termed migration. There are many
reasons why people might choose to emigrate. Some are for political or economic reasons, or for
personal reasons like finding a spouse while visiting another country and emigrating to be with them.
Many older people living in rich nations with cold climates choose to move to warmer climates when
they retire.
Many political or economic emigrants move together with their families toward new regions or new
countries where they hope to find peace or job opportunities not available to them in their original
location. Throughout history a large number of emigrants return to their homelands, often after they
have earned sufficient money in the other country. Sometimes these emigrants move to countries
with big cultural differences and will always feel as guests in their destinations, and preserve their
original culture, traditions and language, sometimes transmitting them to their children. The conflict
between the native and the newer culture may easily create social contrasts, generally resulting in an
uncomfortable situation for the "foreigners", who have to understand legal and social systems
sometimes new and strange to them. Often, communities of emigrants grow up in the destination
areas
Emigration had a profound influence on the world in the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries, when millions
of poor families left Europe for the United States, Canada, Brazil, Argentina, the rest of Latin
America, Australia, and New Zealand.
Even though definitions may be vague and vary somewhat, emigration/immigration should not be
confused with the phenomenon of involuntary migration, such as instances of population
transfer or ethnic cleansing.
Motives to migrate can be either incentives attracting people away, known as pull factors, or
circumstances encouraging a person to leave, known as push factors, for example:
PUSH FACTORS
These factors, excepting disagreement with politics and discontent with natives and immigrants,
generally do not affect people in developed countries; even a natural disaster is unlikely to cause
out-migration.
PULL FACTORS
o Higher incomes
o Lower taxes
o Better weather
o Better availability of employment
o Better medical facilities
o Better education facilities
o Better behaviour among people
o Family reasons
o Political stability
o Religious tolerance
o Relative freedom
o National prestige
Learning Activity:
Site some situations that may further contribute to population explosion. What can you do about
the situation to prevent it from aggravating? Make an essay or a reaction to the situation.
Choose a Population control method. What can you do to improve that method?
Can you give another method other than stated above? Defend your given method in accordance to
the norms provided by law and church.