2017.1.

18
... x n

n
x n

1 = 0 n

2k
n cos( 2k
n ) + i sin( n )

n n n
2
= cos( 2
n ) + i sin( n )

n n (n) [1, n] n

(n) n 1 , 2 , , (n) (x)

= (x i ) (x)

1 (x) = (x 1)
2 (x) = (x + 1)
3 (x) = (x2 + x + 1)
4 (x) = x2 + 1

xn 1 = d|n d (x) xn 1| d|n d (x) d|n d (x)|xn 1

2. d (x)
1.

 F x n

1 = 0 F n

1. n x n

1 nxn1 0
0 x n 1 = 0 x n 1 = 0 nx n1
xn 1
2. n p n = k p m k p
m
m
xn 1 = xkp 1 = (xk 1)p xn 1 k x n 1 pm

n F n (x) F F n n
n (n) n (x)