PIS TOUR TAG Se IMUUIE TEN 2 IL UNG 18) 016 RAW 0t al \ RAMAYANA rat WITH SELECTED SLOKAS IN SANSKRIT TRANSLATED INTO Be sNevusel ij > HINDI i e ii RPA ADA re SE VINU AON ~ MARATHI SVAN » TELUGU — A annnece=t 1 THE INDO-US CLUB OF RAMAYANA READERS AND RESEARCHERS PARE)eee and guiding force behind this publication Pee era LETT CTS? Le a CRE ater acne ee Pee eens even ee ear Ce es Rees eas SOC nem tet eat career and took his post-graduate degree in lemons NEY ce re eto reac Nay eee eae RM LS Seer ee arte eect ata Ts prestigious Geological Survey of India, He Pees eee ee pecialist division of Engineering Geolog He rose to the highest position of Director fener Eos ree POL aCe eet eae Peete tee eet TOL NONE ONS SONATA and also in human resource Renee ee eae cent ance Eee MIRO ecetaL) Ler Ee SC Ne a Rameshwaram. ‘Then a rent Member of INDUS CLUB and Principal onc Cem eae cea eect Cement ee AtEgEPICTORIAL & MULTI-LINGUAL VALMIKI RAMAYANA THE INDO-US CLUB OF RAMAYANA READERS AND RESEARCHERS 2008ror neue Indo-US Club of Ramayana Readers & Researchers Represented by K.C.C. Raju, Dy. Coordinator #1, INDUS Club ‘Konduru Towers’ 12 2 823/A/79 Santoshnagar, Mehdipatnam eee een Orme ens ‘Tel: 91-40-23514710 foster ey) Somer eg serra eRe Copyright® Indo-US Club of Ramayana Readers & Researchers SR Sr eM eR Oc oe Designed by : K. R. Raju, Vijaya Printers, Hyderabad under the supervision of K. C. C. Raju, Dy. Co-ordinator, INDUS CLUB ee a eRe ca ceca ced All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means ; electronic, recording or otherwise, ‘without the permission of the copyright holder. SNe Tek inedau FOREWORD INTRODUCTION References of Introduction & Acknowledgments APPENDICES (1) _Listof members of INDUS CLUB (2 _ Map of India showing the Itinerary of Rama during Exile ACKNOWLEDGMENT MUSINGS OF PUBLISH List of Donors MANGALASASANAMS THE STORY OF RAMA EDITORS NOTE SECTIONONE ~~ BALA KANDA SECTIONTWO — - AYODHYA KANDA. SECTION THREE - ARANYA KANDA SECTION FOUR ~~ KISHKINDHA KANDA SECTION FIVE - SUNDARA KANDA. SECTION SIX - YUDDHA KANDA. PREFACE, PICTORIAL & MULTILINGUAL VALMIKI RAMAYANA BALA KANDA Death of the Krauncha-Bird, and Birth of the Shloka-Verse Form ‘The Gods Ask Vishnu to Take Human Form as Rama King Dasaratha Distributes Payasam to His Three Wives Young Kama Destroys the Demoness ‘Lataka ‘Vishwwamitea ‘Trains Rama and Lakshmana Rama Breaks Ahalya's Curse of Invisibility ing Janaka, Ploughing in a Field, Finds Sita in a Fusrow Rama Wins Contest for Sita's Hand in Marriage by Breaking, Siva's Bow ‘The Marriage of Rama and Sita AYODHYA KANDA Dasaratha Acks Rama to Assume the Throne Manthara Advises Queen Kaikeyi Queen Kaikeyi Demands Two Favours from King Dasaratha Rama Calmly Accepts Queen Kaikeyi's Demand for His Fourteen Year Exile Rama Bids Farewell to His Mother, the Distraught Queen Kusalya Rama Helps Sita Put on Bark Clothing for ‘Their Forest Sojourn Sumantra Drives the ‘Trio from Ayodhya as Townspeople Follow Guha Offers Assistance to the Trio Sita Salutes the River Ganges King Dasaratha Dies Broken-hearted after Recalling a Curse Upon Him Bharata Finds Rama and Lakshmana in their Forest Retreat Bharata Returns To Ayodhya with Rama's Sandals 19 20 21 5 29 33 37 39 49 31 52 54 36 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 2 "5 ot, Guarded by R: Rama and Lakshmana Wander in Search of Si jis Curse Lifted by Rama, Kabandha Counsels R Rama and Sugriva Make a Pact, as Hanuman W Lakshmana, at Rama's Request, Helps Identify Sia! Sugriva Battles Valin, as Rama Takes Air Sugriva Sends Search Parties in the Four Directic Hanuman and His Search Party Discover a Hidden € the Vulture Sam dresses Jambavan, Hanuman, and As Jambavan Nominates Hanuman for Task of Searching 8 Hanuman Leaps the Ocean Straits D Hanuman Discovers Sita and Hands Her Rama's Rin, 42 Having Burst His Bonds, Hanuman Sets Lanka on Fi “4 Hanuman and His Group Celebrate in the Honey Fores 46 Ravana Holds a Council of War, Despite Vibhishana's Protests. 148 Vibhishana is Welcomed into Rama's Rank: 5 The Monkey Armies Build a Causeway to 1 Hanuman Carries Rama over the Causeway to I Ravana Watches from His Ramparts As Rama's Armies Advance 15 Ravana Shows Sita an Apparition of Rama's Se Garuda Descends with Healing Win, Kumbhakarna is Awakened at Last 6. Rama and Lakshmana Battle the Invisible Indraji 6 fanuman Fetches a Mountain of Healing Herbs 68 Rama and Ravana Face Each Other in Close Encounter ( Rama Renounces His Wrath, Puts Aside his Weapons Standing before Rama, Sita Protests her Innocence dung Cay 7 i Proclaims Sit \ocence, as Gods of Directions Watch Rama and Sita Return to Ayodhya in Pushpaka Ch Rama, Sita, and their Entourage at the ( ion 82 9 THE COLLAGE RAMAYANA 84 Mangala Slokas Nos. 8 Mangala Slokas Nos7 82008, FOREWORD Ey H. Daniel Smith Professor Emeritus of Religion Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY A Lam deeply gratified to see so much of my 1981 publication, long out of print, appear again. I thank the Indo-US Club of Ramayana Readers and Researchers for the goodwill they have accorded all materials from that work entrusted to their use. I am most especially thankful for the additional contributions made by the several Language Associates of the Indo-US Club, named elsewhere in this volume. That cadre of a dozen dedicated translators worked hard to prepare, in six of the regional languages of India, the additional renderings of the printed matter that appeared originally in the 1981 book only in Sanskrit and English. ‘Their devoted efforts greatly expand the number of readers who ted edition. Beyond that, I commend the will be able to use and to enjoy this freshly-1 Club members for so resourcefully making use of computer programs not available before to colorize all of the sixty-six illustrations given over to them. ‘That innovation boosts the visual impact of the recycled graphics for those who discover this title for the first time, The newly enhanced graphics, even so, retain the vigor and detail of the black- and-white line-drawings originally produced in 1981 by the artists, M.S. Kumaraswami (4. 1983) and his disciple, A. Manivelu, I note also the addition of a winter scene (#28) andalterations to qwo of all J the original illustrations (#45 and #59). 1981 1981 Ithas been a pleasure for me to be associated with this remarkable group during the ten months this volume has been in development. Never before in my long professional career have I engaged in an enterprise in which so many view their contributions to the shared effort as “an act of faith.” ‘This array of collaborators The ndoUS Chi of Ramayana Readers Researchershas come together explicitly to create this book in homage to their revered Lord, Rama. For example, every verse translated by each of the language associates was done in the spirit of worship, and was in turn handed over to the coordinators asif each were an offering, But this cohort of contributors is remarkable in other ways as well. Most are what demographers label “seniors.” The majority describe themselves as “retired.” Two are in their 80s, five are in theit 70s and the remainder are well into their 60s (with the exception of two, one 58.and the youngest 46). Morcover, this “club” reaches across the globe: New York, New Jersey; Texas, California and places in India like Bangalore, Chennai, Hyderabad, Lucknow, Pune and Trivandrum. Only some have ever met face to face. Most have instead communicated across the continents almost exclusively by e-mail to recipients known only by name. Given these circumstances, their accomplishment in successfully concluding this projectis altogether notable and impressive, I first crossed paths with this uncommon company through contact with Mr. V. S. Krishnaswamy of White Plains, New York (USA), He initially wrote to me abouta map Ihad once produced. Mr. Krishnaswamy was at the time, quite independently, preparing for publication a paper on certain details relating to Rama's itinerary. My map had been laid out to show the route in India (most of which I, too, had traveled) that I judged Rama followed during his 14 year exile. ‘That map had been designed to show to students in a course I had initiated at Syracuse University (USA) the geographical setting of the Ram-kafha Given our mutual interests, a correspondence began between the two of us, In the course of that exchange Mr. Krishnaswamy learned of my several publications, and of one in particular—a project also designed originally to assist my students, this, time in their efforts to comprehend the gist of Valmiki's long narrative — The Picturebook Ramayana: An Ulustration Version of Valmiki's Story [see List of References for details]. In due time, Mr. Krishnaswamy proposed to update that book for a new generation and, with the active collaboration of some of his friends and former professional colleagues, to expand it fora broader circle of readers, I found thatan irresistible idea, and readily agreed to his proposal. Thatis how the present project was born. I congratulate Mr. Krishnaswamy for having assembled the team that made this publication come to life. Isalute this collaborative effort. I applaud the enriched content the collaboration has so generously put before us, And I urge all drawn to this volume to take to heart the message its core-story rehearses. In all, let us be reminded of the words of Valmiki, the premier poet, “...as long as mountains rise and rivers run the story of Rama will continue to be learned and loved.” [1.2.35]. Syracuse, NY, USA Pie Quik oth 3 pring 2008 FDaniet Smithy ED vers revanaIENZIER@=)2U2C= 1-1 ON by V.S. KRISHNASWAMY Director-General (Retired), Geological Survey of India & Principal Co-ordinator, R-4 Project Indo-US Club of Ramayana Readers & ResearchersINTRODUCTION OF THE BOOK AND ITS “INDU ‘The current publication is based on a 1981 work in Sanskrit and Finglish, illustrated hy 77 expert line-drawi and published by Syracuse University, New York, as a reference book for an undergraduate course in Asian studies offered at that time by the University (1). The effort here, some three decades after that earlier publication, is to extend the outreach of this great epic of ancient India by expanding the realm of potential feadets in the Indian sub-continent and elsewhere in the world through the addition of translations of the original excerpts from the epic into six out of a dozen or more regional languages spoken by the people of India today, viz., Hindi, Marathi, Kannada, Malayalam, Tamil and Telugu — the languages that are displayed on the pages that follow: The popular voices that have been chosen for our purpose echo nowadays not only across the vast north central heart of the subcontinent but throughout the Indian states of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh, but also extends farther southwest into the state of Maharashtra and, from there, even deeper into the Dravidian south, covering what are now the states of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu. "The contributors to this publication — either directly, by providing content to it or, indirectly, by providing cash donations to help finance the effort ~ are for the most part members of a small “Club.” What binds these “Club” members together is a shared devotion to the Rama-story and their common recognition of its deeply layered resonance in each one’s daily life. To be sure, some have been attracted to the “Club” for other reasons, too. This collective of like-minded people calls itself “The Indo-US Club of Ramayana Readers and Researchers” — or “INDUS CLUB ” for short, which, at the end of April, 2008, has 27 metbers currently residing in India, and another 27 currently living in the United States of America. The names of these members and the places of their residence as well as the year of their informal enrolment in the Club are furnished in Appendix 1 As one of the co-founders of the sponsoring organization, Mr. V. S. Krishnaswamy has been able to recall some memories of the early yeurs of its punctuated growth. In fact, he recalls that the first time the idea struck him to bring together a small group of like-minded seekers was in 1978. In those early years, the general extent of his knowledge of the Rama-story was limited to his having read a translation into his mother tongue (Tamil) of the “Sundarakanda,” a widely beloved portion of Valmiki’s great Sanskrit epic. In the last quarter of the year 1981, when he retired from his brilliant professional service of 35 years as a geologist heading this great organization, the Geological Survey of India, he made special efforts to gain a better understanding and appreciation of the Ramayana. The first outcome of this deeper understanding of the Ramayana was the staging of a 2-hour musical concert at his Bangalore residence in the year 1983. The performance by a group of six vocalists in this concert — entitled “"Thyagaraja Ramayana” — was the fruit of an entire year's effort by him to identify and compile a summarized version of the relevant songs, all composed in the Telugu language by Saint Thyagaraja, the 18th century devotee of Rama covering the different episodes of the Ramayana. Thanks to the talents and commitment of the six vocalists participating in this endeavour, he succeeded in presenting a perfectly harmonious and continuous presentation of the Rama story asa musical concert. ‘Thereafter, with the purchase many other recordings of songs and recitations that were Ramayana-related, available in the languages of Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu, Hindi and Marathi, he had built up a modest collection of audio-cassettes and other recording formats. Now, after 20 years in US.A., this audio-library has reached the level of a substantial collection. Late in 1988, he left India and took up residence in the city of White Plains, situated close to New York City. The name of the growing organization was also altered to reflect this shift, thenceforth known as “The Indo-US Club of Ramana Readers and Researchers.” The members, too, grew from ten in 1988 to more than fifty in 2008. During all these ewenty years he has kept available to all those members who were interested, the supplies needed for their consultation, from the library of over 400 audio- cassettes, more than 50 videos and an equal number of CDs and DVDs. Beyond that he maintained a BE EY vase ranwvansmoderate supply of books and research papers in English, Hindi and Tamil, all relating to the studies of the Ramayana. This Library of audio-cassettes, discs, and books, all relating to the Ramayana, had covered a range of discourses, verse formats, musical and dramatic readings in the various regional languages of the sub- continent. All these had helped him to keep his interest in Ramayana very much alive. This continued interest also leads, to his first compilation of a Pictorial Tulsi Ramayan in 2005, that may well be viewed as a precursor of the present project. It was privately produced, with only a small number of copies. In it, he utilized some 60 previously published, coloured illustrations which were selected and presented alongside the related verses from the Tulsidas text These, in turn, were transliterated into English and accompanied by explanatory notes ‘on each episode written by him for the benefit of those who cannot read Hindi and, specially teen-age students being educated in an environment, having an understandably limited exposure to the Ramayana in the Indian diaspora, unlike an Indian environment. This production (2) featuring the Tulsidas version of the Rama-story has, for the last few years, been serving as the centerpiece in the annual group readings by some Club members assembling for the Ram Navami celebrations. EVIDENCE-BASED RAMAYANA RESEARCH BY THE INDUS CLUB MEMBERS Icwas just about che same time frame, of early 2000, that some Club members began to involve themselves with evidence-based research of the Ramayana, using their scientific skills, when some notable studies were made and one of these was found worthy of publication ina learned journal of the geological fraternity(3). In the cited, geo-science oriented article an evaluation was undertaken of the scientific basis regarding the record of snowfall occurrence at Panchavati in Maharashtra State in Western India. Such an event was described by Valmiki in sarga 15 of the “Aranyakanda” (4). In another, more recently published article (5) an attempt was made to classify and portray, for the first time in India, the origin and the geological features of about 80 caves located all over India, including four mentioned in Valmiki's epic. This lead to the geographical locations in terms of the geological nature of each site and included the four caves mentioned in some of the episodes of the Valmiki Ramayana , viz.—one at Chitrakut in Uttar Pradesh, one at Nasik in Maharashtra, and ‘twoat Hampiin Karnataka. PEEL EEE OMUL ROR EL RD ULERO CARO mt eeN ‘The most interesting ramification of that study of caves was the degree to which it served to confirm an outline of the terrain trod by Rama during the course of his exile, Indeed, the query into what was the historic path taken by Rama during his 14-year period of wandering has long absorbed —and has also been contested by — numerous scholars over the last 100 years, commencing early in the 20th century. Around the year 2004, when Mr. Krishnaswamy had developed a postulate relating to Rama's Path of Exile hased on geo-scientific considerations alone, several earlier scholars representing different disciplines had also identified their own versions of the route followed by Rama during his exile. By the end of the 20th century, at least two maps illustrating the path taken by Rama were in circulation, both by American investigators and their associates in geography — one by Professor Joseph E. Schwartzberg of the University of Minnesota published in 1978 (7) and_ the other by Dr. H. Daniel Smith of Syracuse University issued in 1981 (6). Another map, presented in 2006, was in a publication in the Tamil language, covering the pilgrimage-route encompassing the various places visited by Rama and enshrined in tradition, written by the Thiruppullani Swamigal and Velukkudi Krishnan Swamigal (8). The route proposed by them was based on their own independent study of Vaishnavite literature as related to the Valmiki Ramayana and to the information gathered by them during their actual visits to the various possible sites of Ramayana association (8). In mapping out the terrain traversed by Rama and his party during his 14-year exile, there was the vexing problem of the location of Lanka, which has been a puzzle absorbing Ramayana-scholars through the years, The Indo-US Cb of Ramayana Readers & Researches AEone of whom, Suryavanshi, has been a staunch supporter of the viewpoint supporting the location of Lanka as the island now known as Sri Lanka, gave the relevant arguments; the pros and cons the Sri Lanka location in 1981 (9). The island location of Lanka is in agreement with the available geosecientific evidence as well. Further, Suryavanshi also ruled out the Amarkantak Plateau of Madhya Pradesh as the site of ancient Lanka, In the present state of our knowledge, all the postulates that have been advanced so far deserve attention (8). This is not the place to go into more details about the validity or otherwise of the various postulates about Rama's path of exile. Suffice it to say that this aspect of research ought to continue to be one of the ongoing commitments of the “INDUS Club” members and others interested in Ramayana tesearch in the future. Ina lecture delivered in 2007 at the India Centre of Westchester in Elmsford, New York(10), a compilation of all the alternative routes of Rama's path of exile, as proposed up to then was made and these were shown together, on a map. This map has now been reproduced as the Map of the Itinerary of Exile of Rama from Ayodhya to Rameshwaram (on the scale of 1:4 million, suitably reduced) published here as Appendix II. This map has been appended in order to demarcate the regions whose current vernacular languages have been chosen for recapitulating the Rama story as presented in this volume. RESENTATION A few words are in order now to explain how the languages chosen for transmitting to the public the re-telling of the Rama-story in this publication, Clearly, the general mapping of Rama's route of exile, upon which there seems to be overall agreement among the different investigators, has been the decisive factor in selecting the vernaculars used in this presentation. Ihe language Hindi has been chosen in order to cover the popular tongue of the northern portions of the story's locale in the states of Uttar Pradesh and adjacent Madhya Pradesh to its south. Likewise, Marathi and Kannada represent the common languages of the western and south central regions of the states of Maharashtra and Karnataka respectively. Telugu has been chosen to represent the language of the border districts of the present-day states of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh to the east, that seem to have been touched in the course of Rama's exile. and, the Malayalam and Tamil languages represent the peoples’ voices in the south-western and south-eastern parts of the sub-continent's tip, encompassing the modern states of Kerala and Tamil Nadu, both of which were covered in the course of Rama's march with his army of “ranaras” proceeding southwards from Kishkinda to Rameshwaram. Thus, all the geographical regions contended to have been part of the setting of the Rama-story are linguistically represented in the multi-lingual presentation offered in this volume. And, keeping in mind the other objective of the R-4 Project, that is, to make the Valmiki Ramayana accessible to as many individuals as possible, itis planned to distribute free, a significant number of copies of the book from 6 different regional centres in India, covering the area encompassed during the exile of Rama. Itis hoped that this presentation of the Valmiki Ramayana, in several regional languages of India, as described above, and its free distribution, will help multiply the number of readers potentially available for being drawn into the re-telling of this great epic. Sgt PR igceen NT PUBLI Some significant modifications to the earlier model of 1981 have been made in the present publication. These areas follows: # The 33 page summary of the Rama-story in English, originally presented in the 1981 volume, was suitably edited and reduced in volume by about 15%, on account of the omission of that portion of the epic subsequent to Rama's triumphant remmrn to Ayodhya and his coronation thereafter. The space thus made available was used for the addition of brief references in the revised summary for some episodes of Ramayana that had been omitted in the original summary, as for example the Sabari Episode. These episodes are deeply revered and stored in the minds and memories of the Indian readers and listeners, BY venta eavavannbesides some of them celebrated in regional versions of the Rama-story: The omissions were probably guided by the criteria adopted in the earlier presentation, which had strictly included only the episodes as recorded in the “Critical Edition” of the Valmiki Ramayana published earlier by the Oriental Research Institute of Baroda. ¢ Inaddition to the original captions in Sanskrit and English accompanying each illustration in the original 1981 publication, we have added here their equivalents in the six regional languages already identified above, that are now being spoken by the people of India, thus justifying the “Multilingual” modifier in the book's current title # We added one new illustration, namely, the one depicting Rama, Sita and Lakshmana at Panchavati enduring a snowfall in winter, about which, the geo-scientific research done earlier has already been referred to. 4 We altered two of the original drawings by the late M. S. Kumaraswami and Mr. A. Manivelu. One of them, Illustration #59, now reveals Hanuman carrying the mountain of healing herbs with one hand only, instead of two, which was done following a possible alternative interpretation of the Valmiki text “Yuddha-kanda” 61: 62£, This was done in deference not only to a graphic tradition now established in the popular mind by the famous 19" century South Indian artist, Ravi Varma, but also to remain in greater accord with the representation of this episode in the sculpted images of Hanuman worshiped in a large number of Hindu temples throughout South India, ‘The other alteration adjusted the proportionate height of the Mahendra Giri (a mountain rising some 1600 meters [5000 ft] above sea-level, as shown on the Survey of India’Topo-sheet) to better accord with the expanded size of Hanuman, as he prepared to leap across the Palk Straits to Sri Lanka (see Illus. #45). # Because we had access to a computer programme for this project that was not available to the 1981 team, we were able to colourize what were the original black-and-white line drawings. We feel that the result serves to enhance the graphic presentation of the Rama-story fora new generation. # It was decided to add at the end of the presentation of the Rama story a Benediction, or “Mangalam.” ‘This follows the tradition prevalent in India to offer a blessing at the conclusion at the recitation of a sacred story from the epics and the puranas. What we chose here is a benediction composed by the 12" century South Indian Vaishnava scholar and sage, Manavala Mamunigal, to which the translation into English was added. + Toillustrate the benedictory; verses of the “Mangalan’”, the set of pictures that comprise the collage was added, drawn mostly from the 1981 edition, THE CRITERIA FOR THE SELECTION OF THE LANGUAGE ASSOCIATES In May 2007, Mr, Krishnaswamy took it upon himself to identify all who would be serving as Regional Language Associates, They were mostly people with whom he had worked in his earlier Professional life, or who were otherwise already known to him. In selecting these contributors their facility of expression in and their familiarity with the particular language tradition assigned to them was assessed by him. But of almost equal importance to him was the devotion that each Associate would apply to their presentation of the time honoured Rama-story. Further, the reputation each had established for accomplishing challenging tasks in their professional lives, and the status and honor that each had achieved in their respective professional careers was also considered by him. Atthe same time, he would point out, none of the Language Associates who have contributed to this publication (including himself) has any title of research or any special scholarship in the language handled by them nor did they possess any special expertise for discoursing the Ramayana. The Indo-US Cub of Ramayana Reads & Pesearcers‘Two Language Associates each for each of the six vernaculars were chosen. The reason for this was that it was felt that pairs of translators, acting in unison, would render a more objective and appropriate translation than one person working alone could do. Because these associates were working in each case, directly from the English prose text as provided in the translations made by Dr. Smith and Dr, Narasimhachary in 1981 —and as those translations were, in turn, based on the Critical Edition in Sanskrit published by the Oriental Institute at the University of Baroda not long before (11) — it was important to ensure that the vernacular renderings in our presentation be as true as possible to the original passages from Valmiki, as published in the “Critical Edition.” ‘The Language Consultant for Sanskrit was chosen both on the basis of the tradition of his family expertise and the acumen he had displayed in his knowledge of the Sanskrit language when he had discussed in writing, some of the episodes of the Aranya and the Kishkinda Kandas. CURRENT DISTRIBUTION PLAN FOR THE BOOK An important consideration of INDUS Club members was to ensure that the Valmiki Ramayana is made more easily accessible and freely available to the people of India. The accessibility issue was addressed at the linguistic level by the presentation of the textual matter in this volume in the selected local languages, Beyond that, itwas felt that our mission for this “R-4” project will not have been suitably realized unless and until some free copies of this volume have also been widely disseminated. Accordingly, out of our initial run of some 3000 copies, no fewer than 2000 will be targeted to achieve this objective. The finished book is planned to be released, more or less simultaneously, from six regional centres in India and from one centre in the State of New York in US.A. by the end of 2008. Ateach center chosen for the book release, institutions and agencies will be designated as recipients of one or more complimentary copies, depending on their need. These recipients will include Municipal and other public libraries, libraries at numerous schools and universities, and various State Administrative Centres; also, some hospitals, hotels, reading rooms in State Guest Houses and Rest Houses as well as reading rooms in Tourist Centres and pilgrim facilities in India will be the designated recipients. Moreover, some temples in cach of the six states of India that have been identified with Rama's path as followed during his exile — as well as some Hindu temples and Indian religious institutions in the US.A.—will receive free copies to the extent possible. FUTURE PLANS OF THE INDUS CLUB: ANTICIPATED PROJECTS While itis not possible to know what the future holds, at least qwo additional spin-off from the current project have already been contemplated. One, tentatively scheduled for 2009, is to take up the production of a larger format (approximately 11” x 14” or 27.5 cm. x 35 em) “Children's Colouring Book.” In that, 52 line-drawings will be selected to recapitulate the essential Rama-story. It will follow much the same outline as the volume in hand. The idea behind this effort is that, under parental guidance, motivated children may take up one illustration per week for colouring, along with a simply worded narrative that explains the picture and familiarizes the child with the contours of the Rama-story in the cycle of a year's time. Included in the proposed book will bea colouring key, based on the 2008 publication that would guide the children's efforts. Another possible project under consideration, proposed for 2009, of later, is the production of a small-format bookletor handbook. This handbook would be designed for use by those who may wish to utilize the 66 verses recycled from the “R-4 Project” for regular devotional reading as well as for occasional recitals. As these verses would also be printed separatcly in each of the regional vernaculars as well as in Sanskrit and English, their ready accessibility in this handy format may prove attractive to large numbers of votaties, whichever of the cightlanguages they choose. (19" June, 2008) White Plains, New York, USA (VS.Krishnaswamy) BD vsccrmnavana10. 1 12, 13. LIST OF REFERENCES CITED IN FOREWORD & INTRODUCTION Smith, H. Daniel, ed., The Picturebook Ramayana: An Ulustrated Version of Valniki's Story. Textual Consultants: M.N. Chary and Susan Farber; Contributing Artists: M.S. Kumaraswami and A. Manivelu Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University, Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs, Foreign and Comparative Studies, South Asian Special Publications 3, 1981. 170 pp. + xl. Out of print. Accessible on internet at: www.maxwell.syr.edu/moynihan/Programs/sac/ Outreach /Ramayana/storybook Another, slightly variant edition of the same work was published, also in 1981, by Higginbothams, Madras. Krishnaswamy, VS, “The Ramayana: The Story of Rama — Human and Immortal (A Pictorial Review of Tulsidas' Ram Charita Manas in the Hindi Language).” White Plains, NY: (privately printed in limited numbers, in English, and in transliterated Hindi) 2005. Krishnaswamy, VS. and K.R. Raghu Nandan, “The Satpura Uplift and the Paleaoclimate of the Holocene and Auxiliary Evidence from the Valmiki Ramayana,” Jounal of the Geological Society of India, Vol. 66 (August 2005) 161-170). Pollock, Sheldon I., tr, “Aranyaka,” Vol. III, The Ramayana of Valwiti ~ An Epic of Ancient India, Robert P. Goldman, ed. Princeton: Princeton University Press, Princeton Library of Asian Translations, 1991, p. 121. Krishnaswamy, VS, “The Geological Environment of Some Ancient Caves of India: Their Optimum Utilization for Speleological and Hydrogeological Research,” Journal of the Geoleical Society of India, Vol. 71 (May 2008) 632-650, ‘Smith, H. Daniel: Map “Traditional Rama Yatra (Itinerary of Rama)” [not to scale] in H, Daniel Smith, Thomas E. Parker, ef al, The Asian Story of Rama: Student Handbook. for Religion 218 [126 pages]. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse ‘enter for Instructional Development, 1981, p.81. University Schwartzberg, Joseph E.: Map “India as Revealed in the Ramayana,” in Joseph E. Schwartberg, Historical Atlas of South Asia, Vol. V, “India in the Vedic and Classical Age,” p. 13 [Plate Il.A.1]. The Regents of the University of Minnesoua, 1978. Accessible on internet at: http:/ /dsal.uchicago.edu/ reference. /schwartzberg/ fullscreen. htmlobject=050 ‘Tiruppullani Sundararaja Swamigal and Vellukudy Krishnan Swamigal, Sri Rama Amuyatna: The Rama Story and Pilgrimage Commentaryfin Tamil]. Chennai: The Kinchitkaranam Trust (Mylapore), 2006. Suryavanshi, Bhagwansinha, “Location of Lanka and Kishkinda: A Review of the Pros and Cons of the Available Evidence,” Journal of the Oriental Research Institute, Vol. 31 (1981) 64-78. Baroda: University of Baroda, 1981, Krishnaswamy, VS., “On the Probable Path of Exile of Rama from Ayodhya to Rameshwaram” (Summary of a lecture delivered at the India Centre of Westchester, Elmsford, NY, with limited printed copies distributed along with Map showing 7 possible routes taken by Rama from Ayodhya to Rameshwaram). November 2007. Bhatt, GH. and U.P. Shah, General Editors, The Valniki Ramayana: Critical Edition, 7 volumes, Baroda: Oriental Institute, 1960-1975, Srimad Valmiki Ramayana, 5" Edition, Vol. 3 “Yuddha kanda” and “Uttara kanda.” Gorakpur, India: Gita Press, 1995, pages 1378 1398. Anna, Shvinad Valmiki Ramayana Saran (The Essence of Valmiki Ramayana) [in Tamil. Chennai: Ramakrishna Math, 1987. The Indo-US Ck of Ramayana Readers & Researches IEne il * 2 * 3 * 4 * 5 ” 6 * fi * 8 * 9 * 10 ” ul * 12 5 13 * 4 ” 15 S 16 * 17 = 18 * 19 e 20 * a x 2 ca 23 * 24 * 25 * 26 > a7 * 28 * wy = 30 i 31 z 32 USA USA. India India India USA USA India India India India India India USA USA India India India USA USA India India India USA USA USA USA India USA USA USA USA 9A oB 10 MA UB 124 128 B 15 164, 168 16C. 16D 7 18 19 19A 19B APPENDIX - I LIST OF MEMBERS OF ‘The INDO-US CLUB OF RAMAYANA READERS AND RESEARCHERS (R4 PROJECT - PUBLICATION OF PICTORIAL AND MULTI-LINGUAL VALMIKI RAMAYANA) Mr. V. S. Krishnaswamy Mrs. K. Rajalakshmy ‘Mr. Sudhamoy Chakravarty ‘Mr. V. C. Srivatsava Mr. Arvind Phadke ‘Mrs, Nirupama Sampath Mrs. Nivedita Sampath Mr. K.C. C. Raju Mr. Kamala Sampath Mr. Srinivasan Sampath Mr. A. K. Tiku Mrs. Kala Sridharan Mr. G, Srinath Mr. G. Lakshmanan Mrs. Geetha Lakshmanan Mr. Arun (Krishnan) Srinath Mr. K. L. Misra Mrs. Kusum Misra Mr. Shanti Sharma Mrs. Vibha Sharma Dr. H.. Pareek Dr. UL. Pithale Mr. K. R. Raghunandan Mrs. Geetha Ramachandran Mr. G, Ramachandran Mr. Chethan Ramachandran Ms. Nisha Ramachandran Mr. V. R. Rengarajan Dr. K. Snnwwasan Dr. R. Srinivasaraghavan ‘Mr. Vinod Srinivasaraghavan Ms, Preeth Srinivasaraghavan Lucknow/USA Lucknow/USA Kolkata Lucknow Hyderabad Delhi/USA Delhi/USA Hyderabad Baroda Baroda Noida Chennai Bangalore New Jersey New Jersey Bangalore Haryana Haryana Marlton, NJ Marlton, NJ Uttar Pradesh Nagpur Bangalore California California California California Chennai Columbus, USA White Plains, USA White Plains, USA White Plains, USA 1978 1978 1984 1980, 1981 1980 1980 1984 1980 1980 2000 2000 1997 1990 1990 1997 2002 2002 2002 2002 2003 2003 2003 2005 2005 2007 2007 2007 2003 2003Bren Sota Membersh * 33. USA 20A Ms. Sudha Swamy White Plains, USA 2003 8 34 USA, 20B Ms. Megha Swamy White Plains, USA 2003 : 35 USA 21 Mr. Raghu K. Raghavan New York 2003 : 36 India 22 Mr. D.N. Seshagiri Chennai 2006 37 India 23 Mr. K. S, Subramanian Chennai 2006 2 38 USA 24 Mrs. Anu Sriram Missouri, USA 2007 - 39 USA 25 Mrs. Nalini Rau YK Town Hts, NY 2007 ” 40. India 26 Mr. Ravishankar Lucknow 2007 Z 41 India 27 Mr. Rai Anand Prakash Lucknow 2007 * 42. India 28 Mr. K. C. Subash Chandra Bangalore 2007 : 43° India 29° Dr. K.P. Thrivikramji Kerala 2007 5 44° India 30 Mr. 8. Rajagopalan Nair Kerala 2007 * 45° India 31 Dr. T'S. Ramakrishna Hyderabad 2007 46 India 32 Mrs Anuradha A. Bhave Pune 2007 24 47 India 33. Mr. Avinash N Bhave Pune 2007 * 48 India 34 Mr. K.R. Vasudevan Chennai 2007 * 49 USA, 35 Dr. H. Daniel Smith Syracuse, NY 2006 * 50 USA, 36 Dr. Kalpana Gokhale Yonkers, NY 2008 * 51 USA, 37 Dr. Hyma Devi Scarsdale, NY 2008 * 52 USA 38 Mr. Vijay M. Gokhale Long Island, NY 2008 * 53 USA 39 Mr. Gupta. P New York 2008 zs 54 USA 40 Mrs. Padmavati Iyer Connecticut, NY 2008 Note-I_: A non profit organization of persons interested in Ramayana ; has no membership fees and no constitution. Note-I : Founder Member - 1(##) Members - 7 (+) ‘Associates Members - 46(«) Category of membership based on period of enrollment and interest in Ramayana Note-IIl: Members from USA - 27 ‘Members from India - 27 ‘Total Membership : 54 Note-IV: Contact information for all the members is available with Sri V. $. Krishna Swamy, Founder Member for members in USA & Sri K. C. C. Raju for members in India The Indo-US Club of Ramayana Readers & Researchers [II]APPENDIX - II MAP OF RAMA'S ITINERARY,WHILE ON EXILE FROM AYODHYA TO RAMESHWARAM x Amarkantak - Lanka | Daniel Smith's Route : 1981 1 Schwarzberger’s Route : 1981 krishnan Swamigats Route : 2006 A {6 Panchavatl (Nasik) Halt 6 Jatayu's Fal {85 Possible detour for Krishna rier crossing ‘6 Mantralaye {84 Kumoo! 7 Kishkinda (Hampi Halt Ta Route & I Junction To Rishab Hil 419 Sanya Range 98a Malaya Range ‘9a Nagerhole 10 Palghat aap 111 Mahenera Gir Peak (1684m) 13 Remeshwaram 14 Adams Bridge 45 Route of Hanuman's Fight ep tess Sry onga Pls Hap cn 1: on Sse Map Compied by VS. Kristraswamy- June 2008, BE EE) vsvvicrnanavansACKNOWLEDGMENTS ‘The earnestness, dedication and punctuality that many of them displayed by those who drafted the passages in all six vernaculars served to inspire the rest of the contributors. These language associates are, verily, the pillars for the colourful building that has been erected. I salute all the following language associates, to whom I express my grateful thanks. Mr. Ravishanker & Mr. Anand Prakash Rai, Hindi Language Associates from Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India; Mr. K.RRaghunandan and Mr. K.CSubhas Chandra, Kannada Language Associates from Bangalore, Karnataka, India; Dr. K.P‘Thrivikramji and Mr. S. Rajagopalan Nair, Malayalam Language Associates from Tiruvannthapuram, Kerala, India; Mrs. Anuradha A Bhave and Mr, Avinash N Bhave, Marathi Language Associates from Pune, Maharashtra, India; Mr. G. Lakshamanan, from Randolph, New Jersey, U'S.A.; Tamil Language Associate (with whom I had the privilege of working as the Tamil Language Associate, from White Plains, New York, US.A); Dr. T. S. Ramakrishna and Mr. K. C. C. Raju: Telugu Language Associates from Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India and Mr. K. R. Vasudevan, Sanskrit Language Consultant, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, INTO For doing the work of computer-aided colourisation, in the first three months of the Project, we had the services Mr. C. Amareshwar (of Camden, Connecticut — USA) to thank. ‘This computer-aided work of colouring of the line-drawings was continued in the next 12 months or so by K. R. Raju, the Art Associate and his artist-aides in Hyderabad, India, We are much beholden to ll the aforementioned for having blended both discretion and flair in the sixty-six graphics they have worked on. We must also express the sense of gratification for having chosen Mrs, Geetha Ramachandran of Sunnyvale, California (USA) as an Art Associate for undertaking some specific tasks on this project. She has proved to be a most valuable asset to our programme from start to finish, We are also thankful to Mr. Lakshman Prasad of Los Alamos, New Mexico (USA) for permission to use the original pencil sketch in modeling the illustration # 28 relating to the Panchavati snow-fall. The contributions of all of the aforementioned artists have all been critically important. They are the skilled artisans who, during its construction, provided the sheen to the colorful surtace of our edifice. “Two long-time personal and family-friends of mine, Mr. K. C. C. Raju and G. Lakshmanan, the former who was also my former professional colleague, rendered yeoman service as the Deputy Coordinators for India and US.A ‘They served also, as key members of the Management Group of the “R-4 Project.” ‘These two also formed an untiring editorial eam, bringing with them knowledge of cyber space technology that I did not possess, and contributed their very best throughout the duration of this project. The two of them have, indeed, been the able oarsmen for the boat of Rama, and enabled it to sail smoothly and speedily toward its destination. The Indo-US Cub of Ramayana Readers & Researches RJI wish to record here my deep sense of gratitude to the late Mr. K.S, Subramanian, Director (Retd), Geological Survey of India, Tamil Nadu, who had guided me over a two-year period in my research relating to the probable path of Rama's exile in Tamil Nadu. It was he, who clarified for me the merits of Mahendra Giri over Rameshwaram as the place of the great jump of Hanuman across the Palk Straits to reach Lanka. I pay homage to his memory and to his erudition in matters relating to the geology of Tamil Nadu [14]. Lalso convey my grateful thanks to Mr. V. R. Rangarajan of Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; to Mrs, Kalpana Gokhale, Sunnyvale, Calfornia, US.A and to Dr. D. N. Seshagiti, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, forhelp rendered by them in fulfilling the needs of the Projectin different areas. Sucre ONTO BAST APOC LO UaUr TOR ael Ia (eL elon] Because this volume intended for public use covers several Indian languages, the Management Group of the project considered it appropriate to subject the book, prior to its publication, to a proper review by a panel of linguistic specialists, working independently as well as in socio-religious and literary groups. The Kannada and Telugu slokas were reviewed by Shri B. Jayarama Guptha, Retd. Chief Engineer, APSEB, Hyderabad, the Hindi, and Marathi slokas were reviewed by the Language Experts working under the Director of the Oriental Research Institute, Baroda, the Malayalam slokas by Mr. PM. Vasudevan, Kottaikal, Kerala and the Tamil slokas by Shri V. S: Karunakaran of Chennai. We express our grateful thanks to the members of the Review Panel for all the time and effort they have so graciously spared for helping the R-4 Project, and to Mr. S. Sampath, Chairman and C.E.O. of the Instrumentation Engineering Company, “Technoconcepts”, Baroda, for help so readily given by him in arranging the required advice of the linguistic specialists. THE ORGANIZERS OF THE BOOK RELEASE FUNCTII We are greatly indebted to all the ten Language Associates who, in addition to the strenuous job of translation they had done for the R4 Project, readily agreed to help in the arrangements needed and preside over the release of the book from six different regional centres in India, We are particularly grateful. to Dr. D.N. Seshagiri and Mr. K. R. Vasudevan for their readiness to represent the two language associates for ‘Tamil, located in US.A., for help in organising the book release in Tamil Nadu, CELEBRATED DEVOTEES OF RAMA SUPPORTING THIS PUBLI We are indeed deeply grateful, to His Holiness, Sri Ramanuja Chinna Jeeyar, Tridandi Swamiji Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh for writing and providing a Message of blessings and good wishes to this Ramayana related enterprise, and for writing and providing “PREFACE” to Smt. Prema Pandurang, Founder Member and Managing Trustee of Kshetropasana Religious and Charitable Trust Tamilnadu; an organization promoting temple- worship and social uplift in India besides offering support to the protection to the elderly and disadvantaged and promoting the knowledge and practice of the Vedas, the Epics and the Puranas and “Ayurvedic Medicinein India. DVISOR TO THE R-4 PROJ Last, but definitely not least, we must acknowledge the role of Dr. H. Daniel Smith, Advisor to the “R-4 Project.” Not only did he give us permission to use the materials to which he holds copyright but, at various junctures along the way, he also offered his sage counsel and generous encouragement on all the issues that were referred to him. We thank him for all his enthusiastic support and sympathetic participation in this adventure, Subramanian, KS. and 'T.A. Sclvan, Geology of Tamil Nuc und Pondicherry. Bangalore: Geological Society of India (Text Book Series), 2001. ‘Summer 2008 == White Plains, New York, USA (VS. Krishnaswamy BE) vasics ramavanaMUSINGS OF PUBLISHE! (Computer Technology in The Publication of Pictorial and Multi-lingual Valmiki Ramayana) K.C. C. RAJU Retd, Director, Geological Survey of Ind Dy. Coordinator and Publisher, R-4 Project Shri VS.Krishnaswamy, who is the person behind the whole of the R-4 Project from conception to plznni guiding in the formatting to execution, and planning for finances to publication, inducted Mr. K. C. C. Raju as one of the Telugu Language Associates in June, 2007, with a choice of selecting Second Teh Associate. Soon after Mr. Raju found that BARAHA software is a good choice and gor downloaded; Shui Krishnaswamy also conveyed that BARAHA software has been selected for transliteration for use by all igu Language Language Associates. Mr. Raju started working on BARAHA software and was able to translate the first couple of slokas, Shri Krishnaswamy also entrusted him with the task of coordination and the printing and publication, rocess leading to After his retitement Mr. Raju was active as a Geotechnical Consultant and picked up a working knowledge of computers, mainly Word Processing to prepare his reports and to print them. He al knowledge of Internet to communicate and send emails and also reports and maps prepar software. He utilized this computer knowledge to good advantage in the R-4 Project Valmiki Ramayana, Mr. Raju moved to Flower Mound, Dallas of Texas (USA) on 19th July, 20( second son and his family. He continued to translate into Telugu and completed 30 verses by the end of August, 2007. He saved them in Rich Word Format. Mrs, Chitra Raju, who happened to be there till the end of August, 2007 helped him in downloading and copying all the slokas and arranging them in sets of five for sending to the other Language Associates in the ‘Templates for use in sets of five: and C-series for slokas in vernacular language. Mr. Raju expresses his grateful thanks for her help. seties For Captions, B-series for slokas, As Dy Coordinator #1, he took over some of the functions of providing the original Slokas and Line Diagrams as sets of five in cach installment and receiving them from Malayalam, Marathi and Telugu Language Associates directly and Hindi, Kannada and Tamil translations thorough Shri G. Lakshmanan, Dy Coordinator #2, coordinating that group of languages. He also prepared a small note of how to transliterate using BARAHA in the Rich Word Format to the entire language associate group to help follow a software and how to sa uniform pattern and also increased the number of slokas for translation from five to ten per month to complete well in advance. This change ateful thanks to all the Language Associates for their unstinted cooperation. Some of the Associates used some other software; other than BARAHA; although it caused some problems, he overcame the problems and accepted them. The Sanskrit smooth and worked well. He expresses his slokas in the 1981 edition are in locked-up state and were found not amenable for editing for use in the new publication. He himself took the responsibility to transliterate all the 66 of them and subjected them for checking by Shri K. R. Vasudevan before using them in the present publication. As and when these translations were received from the six languages, they were formatted in Black & White as well as using simple designs for pages. A Booklet of Five slokas in coloured format was prepared for displ audience invited fora Lecture delivered by Shri Krishnaswamy in October 2007. ind explaining the project to the Mr. Raju took advantage of his visit of various places in USA to greet Shri Krishnaswamy in White Plains, NY, on his 84th birthday falling on 19th September, 2007 to discuss with him at length the project in detail and to get his doubts cleared and in order to carry forward the work in unison. At this time, colouring of line diagrams The Indo-US Club of Ramayana Readers & Riwas discussed and this work was entrusted to one of his nephews Mr. C. Amareshwar whom on that day he met at Connecticut, Mr. Amar readily agreed to his request to help in the colouring, On getting back to Flower ‘Mound, he loaded his system with Acrobat and Photoshop software to enable him to send the Line diagrams for colouring. Mr. Amar coloured first seven of them using Adobe Photoshop with RGB colour scheme and they looked so good that the 3- Member Managing Committee accepted them with minor modifications. Then due to commitments Mr, Amar withdrew from the Project. Mr. K. C. C, Raju with foresight had an alternate arrangement in Hyderabad where Mr. K. R. Raju has a Printing Press mostly working with Graphic Designing. Immediately, he arranged for continuation of colouring, Mr. K. R. Raju readily came forward to help the Project by providing all services that are needed to colourise, design, and format the book leading to off-set printing by a reputed press. The Pictures in the first stage Were are coloured in flat mode; but then, to improve the quality, shaded type of pictures which have 3D effect now adorn the PMVR. In the off-set printing CMYK colour scheme has been adopted which tones down the colours by 5 to 10%. Mr. K. C. C. Raju worked in close unison with Mr. K. R. Raju and his team of two young brothers J. Nagesh & J. Durga Babu (Nani) of Vijaya Printers and guided in the preparation of Emblem, Letter Heads and designing a format of PMVR. In order to impress on the prospective donors, a Booklet of First Five slokas was prepared. Although a campaign was launched for getting donations from Mining Industry, Civil Engineering Companies and Philanthropists, it did not work. Then the family members of Mr. V. 8. Krishnaswamy, who love and adore him so much, sprung into action and contributed bulk of donations. His friends and associates followed suit and made substantial contributions. Mr. K. C. C. Raju could manage to get donations including contributions from himself and his family members working out to less than 10% of total donations of Rs. 7.60 lacs collected up to 31st October, 2008, But for these donations, the publication of this book would not have been possible, The Management Committee expresses sincere and grateful thanks to all the donors whose listis appended. From the estimates made on the basis of quotations received from several reputed printing presses in Hyderabad, itis found that the main book ~PMVR could only be published, given the commitments also for the Regional Book Release Functions and distribution of free copies. The spin-off books; Children’s Colouring Book and Hand Book of Slokas containg vernacular passages have to wait for funds likely to be generated from the sale of 800 copies. The funds collected to the tune of Rs.7.60 lacks are operated by Shri Raju on behalf of INDUS Club. Mr. K. C. C, Raju has taken all steps to make this PMVR attractive with the help of some good Artists like Mr. D. Nagendra Raju, who rendered free advice for this noble cause, All steps are also taken to make the book free of mistakes. Mr. K. C. C, Raju expresses grateful thanks to Mr. P. Narendra, Managing Director of Pragati Art Printers for having so generously extending substantial concession for printing this book, He expresses his greatful thanks to all those who have helped in the publication of this R4 Project of PMVR. It is earnestly hoped that Language Associates will spare no efforts to distribute the free copies made available to them to the institutions having library facilities where general public, including children would have free access. Thus itis hoped that the publication of this book will serve to spread the values and virtues and Rama and Ramayana, which is the sole objective of this great venture. C Chenget Yep» Hyderabad, India K ae November 2008 (K.C.C. RAJU) BE EE vets rnLIST OF DONORS. Toe Pence 1 Mr. V.S. Krishnaswamy 1,038.00 Donated $5000/ 2 Mrs, Padmini Nivas & Mr. Nivas, US.A 196,669.00 Donated $5000/~ 3 Mr Gopalachary Ramachandran 39,149.00 Donated $1000/- 4 Ds Srinivasan, Ohio 39.149.00 Donated $1000/- 5 De H. Daniel Smith us.A 19,434.00 Donated $ 500/- 6 Mrs, Nirupama Chakravarthy USA 19,434.00 Donated $ 500/- 7 Mr & Mrs, Badeinarayana USA 20,874.00 Donated $ 500/- 8 Mr. Kaushik Srinath USA 16,638.00 Donated $ 400/- 9 Mr & Mrs, Sriram Srinivasan USA 12,402.00 Donated $ 300/- 10 Me. Srinivasan and Preetha usA 10,284.00 Donated § 250/- 11 Mr. Shanti Sharma USA 3,702.00 Donated $ 101/- 12 | Ms Sudha Swamy USA 1,691.00 Donated $ 50/- 13) Delo US.A 3,930.00 Donated $ 100/ 14 Mrs.S. Bhattacharya, India Center, USA USA 1,812.00 Donated § 15 | Mr. Vasudev Prasad India 30,000.00 By Cheque 16 Mr. Kala Sridharan India 20,000.00 By Cheque 17 | Mi HLS, Pareek India 20,000.00 By Cheque 18 Mr. $. Sampath India 20,000.00 By e-transfer 19 | Me K.C.C.Raju India 10,200.00 Ry Cash 20 Mr. A.K. Tiku India 10,000.00 By Cheque 21 Mr.G.S.M. Rao India 7,000.00 By Cheque 22 Mr.G, Jaya Ram India 6,000.00 By Cheque 23 Mr. G, Satish India 6,000.00 By Cheque 24 Mr.G, Guru India 6,000.00 By Cheque 25 Mr. V, Brahme India 5,000.00 By Cheque 26 Dr. Satyanarayana India 5,000.00 By Cheque 27 Mr. K. Sudarshan Raju USA. 4,000.00 By Cheque 28 Baby Bhargavi D/o. Mr. K. V.S. Raju Singapore 5,000.00 By Cheque 29 Master Shri Karthik, S/o. Mr. KN, S. Ref Singapore 5,000.00 By Cheque 30 Mr. K. Tl Rama Raju (Konduru Charitable Trust) India 5,000.00 By e-ransfer 31 Mr. S. Hanumantha Rao India 5,000.00 By Cheque 32 | Mr.N. Satya Narayana Malaysia 5,000.00 By Cheque 33 Mr. K.R. Raju (in Memory of Late Mr.S.Raghava Raju) India 5,000.00 By Cheque TOTAL 7,65,406.00 The Indo-US Club of Ramayana Readers & Researcherso>) Srimathe Ramanujaya Namaha MANGALASASANAMS Ot (Message from Sri Ramauja China Jeeyar Swamy) Priya Bhagavad Bandhus | Jai Srimannarayana ! Sti Ramayanam presented by a great sage Valmiki depicts the history of mankind. It is not an epic, it’s a book of history recorded asitis. As the time passed by, the link to the past was gradually forgotten except in the records, When the link is missing, then people started thinking that itis an epic or myth or something like that. If itis so, then this life history of Sri Rama & Sita also would have gone with the generation, as we sce many fictitious stories aud concepts today. Surprisingly, it is remembered by everyone, through one practice or the other. Every basic value of life we talk of can be readily inferred in it from some character ot incident. Every ideal virtue a human being should possess to lead a simple and happy life irrespective of where a person is, in what position or status a person is, can be seen in Sri Ramayana at every step. The limits of behavior, the limits of speech, the depth of thoughts and feelings, resolving the priority of one's own responsibilities, duties and aspirations, passions and wishes, were all clearly shown in various circumstances Of critical situations, sufferings and also enjoyments. Sti Ramayana should not be depicted like a myth or an epic. It isa true history of people who walked on this arth with flesh and bones. There are many interesting details in the original scripture of the sage, which were not found in the translated and composed versions that came later. Later ones made changes and assumptions according to their own style and intent. Sri Ramayanam is the real history of this human race on this Earth. Ithas all human values of highest morale and conduct, since time immemorial, As the time passed by, they were set to be lost because of so many onslaughts on the country Greed and jealousy towards the riches and the prosperity, invited so many invaders into this country. They tried to root this culture out, or otherwise own the beneficial things according to their own names and passions. This exercises still going on even today, of course with different names and activities. In spite of many such onslaughts, the culture, the civilization and the knowledge were not confined to books, in this country, ‘They are in practice even by the common man so even today we have those ideal values, still, known tous. Because Sri Ramayana is the history of mankind on this earth. So, as many times as you go thtough, it ever appears afresh. How many times a person looks one's own image in the mirror, never gets bored! For real observers, the standing example is the bridge between India and Srilanka which used to be appearing normally just before few hundred years. People used to walk across, but, due to geological changes probably Uiat inust have been drowned under water. ‘This is evidently seen through the satellite picture. Some People try to erase this fact from the history, while some people try to undo the things that are already recorded in the history, but, itis the duty of every human being on the Earth to see that itis preserved in as many ways as. possible. Weare happy that you are publishing Sriramayana in multilingual way for the benefit of the common public. ‘May this endeavour be fruitful in conveying the real essence of Ramayana, We offer all the blessings to the team who are working on this and to those who are encouraging that team in making this noble effort come true, Jai Stimannarayana ! cchinnajeeyar=OGYOCVOCYK (EERE EE EEE EERE EEE EEE EEE EEE EE THE STORY OF RAMA Adapted (with permission) from ‘The Picturebook Ramayana, published in 1981 by Syracuse University Syracuse, NY (US.A) by V.S. KRISHNASWAMY Director-General (Retired), Geological Survey of India & Principal Co-ordinator, R-4 Project Indo-US Club of Ramayana Readers & Researchers ee Rae eee eee eee eee eee eee) OCOD OG OU OU OO CUO OU OO OOOO.EDITOR'S NOTE We wish to acknowledge our dependence in the following, Synopsis on the account provided by Dr. H. Daniel Smith, Dr. M. Narasimhachary and Ms, Susan Farber in the 1981 Edition of The Picturebook Ramayana: An Illustrated Version of Valmiki’s Story [1]. However, we have modified and supplemented that version in two ways. First, we have chosen not to extend the narrative beyond Rama's triumphant return to, and coronation in, Ayodhya following his 14-year exile, that is, we have omitted the so-called “Uttara-Kanda” often ascribed to Valmiki. And, second, we have inserted some episodes glossed over in the earlier version of 1981 in order to recount some matters indelibly burnt into the memories of most Indians familiar with the story (eg,, the Sabari episode, the blessing of Hanuman by Sita to live eternally onearth, &c). ‘The condensed re-telling we have adopted here also provides links to the colour illustrations and accompanying text citations featured in this edition.SECTION ONE eye Ee INES RAMA’S CHILDHOOD ‘The Ramayana has been passed down for generations in long narrative sections, called kandas, The first section, the Bala-Kanda, fells of Prince Rama's birth, his youthful adventures, and bis ‘marriage to the Princess Sita, Bala refers to “childhood” or “early” events SPSS pap QL? DAH ASL i HE Hi 2 HA A A A A A A A 2 AePROLOGUE Lang ago in ancient India, the Sage Valmiki led a saintly life at his hermitage located along the course of the Tamasa River. One day, having finished his morning bath and ritual prayers at the riverbank, he started back toward bis small shelter and, on the way, encountered a forest hunter. That wild hunter had just shot an arrow, eruelly killing a ‘male krauncha-bird nearby (see Ulus. # 1). Until this sumexxpected disaster, the krauncha-bird had lived happily with his mate, But now he lay dead, and the female krauncha-bird wailed in sorrow at their crnel separation, Hearing the mournf cries of the female bird, Valniki was so moved by the tragic event that had taken place in front of his very eyes that he turned tothe hunter, and, usinga new poeticform that bad never been beard before, cursed the hunter. His curse mas a verse of. four lines, each with eight syllables, and containing some rhymes. com Frag uftet af stra: arate: aq misatieprg tay seat: aprrateary ir” (1.2.14) O Hunter! May you ne'er be blest Nor reach the realm of timeless rest. Later on, the Sage Valmiki called the new stanza a “Shloka,” as it reminded him of “shoka,’ the Sanskrit word for “erief,” for it was sorrow that had touched Valmiki when he was first moved to rebuke the dunter, Still later, Valmiki used the “shloka” form to tell a story of separation and sorrow, a tale that had for a Jong time been in his heart. Valniki's poem about separation and sorrow came to be known as the Ramayana. In the simplest of terms, the title means “The Story of Rama.” BB EE) veunn rasavanaTHE STORY OF RAMA Once upon a time, the gods assembled in distress over the power accrued by Ravana, the remarkable ruler over the rakshasa-demons, Asaptize for the perpetual prayers this demon-ruler had regularly raised, and in reward for the difficult penances that he had completed, he had been granted by Brahmadeva (eldest among the heavenly hosts) the gift of invulnerability from gods and goblins everywhere — he could never be killed either bydivines or by demons, But this demon-chieftain became reckless in his use of the power that he possessed — he was cruel and unjust in the use of his might. Reflecting on how things had turned out, the cclestial lord Vishnu, He Who Preserves World Order, recalled that Ravana's boon protected him only from gods and demons but not from humans. So then and there, Vishnu decided to be born as a human in order to rid the world of the wicked rafshasa-ruler (see Illus. # 2). So it was, then, that the god Vishnu descended from heaven and became incarnate on earth as aman, Rama. He chose as his terrestrial father Dasaratha, king of Kosala, who ruled over his land from his capital, Ayodhya, located in the northern part of India, ‘This noble king had three wives. Buthe had no sons. Hoping to sire a son, he performed the stipulated religious ritual, “Pu/resi,” requiring the kindling of a sacred fire. Upon completion of the rite there appeared a divine apparition that emanated from the sacred fire carrying a bowl of “Payasam.” The king took the bowl and served portions of the sweet pudding of milk and rice to each of his wives in turn (see Illus. # 3) ‘Asa result, cach of the queens miraculously conceived. In due time, Queen Kausalya bore Prince Rama, Queen Kaikeyi gave birth to the noble Bharata, and Queen Sumitra had the sovereign twins, Lakshmana and Shatrughna. Vishnu wasin each of these four sons, but he was most especially present in Rama, When Rama was sixteen, a holy sage named Vishwamitra came to Ayodhya and requested King Dasaratha to send along with him to the foresthis son Rama. ‘The ancient sage explained that he had been trying to complete an elaborate sacrifice, but was repeatedly prevented from doing so by the interference of a pait of wild rakshasa- demons, Vishwamitra knew full well that Rama, though still a lad, could be trained to exterminate the demon hordes and thus, restore order to the ritual world, peace to the quiet devotions and harmless ways of holy living, Despite the protestations of the king, he finally relented and gave over Rama ~ along with his brother Lakshmana — to the care of Vishwamitra, As soon as this trio entered the forest, they were attacked by accursed female-rakshasi, Tataka. Vishwamitra told Rama to kill her, but Rama hesitated because ‘Tataka was a woman. But, persuaded that her dreadful deeds deserved the most dire punishment, and observing that she was then charging at him in unruly wrath, Rama discharged an arrow (see Illus. #4), His ain was We. ‘The arrow pierced her hard heart. She fell down dead. With this, Vishwamitra took Rama aside and, while Lakshmana stood by, taught him the mastery of celestial spells and wondrous weapons (see Illus. #5) The Indo-US Club of Ramayana Readers & Researchers ERYIn due time the trio reached Vishwamitra's remote ashram in the forest and, there, Rama and Lakshmana enabled the sage to complete his endangered sacrifice. Not long after that, news reached them that King Janaka, ruler of another northern expanse called Videha, was about to convene a bow-stringing competition in his capital, Mithila. Rama was persuaded to enter that contest, and so he and Lakshmana, accompanied by Vishwaritra, headed toward Mithila, On their way the trio witnessed a miracle. A beautiful lady saint named Ahalya had been separated from her husband by a curse. She had been condemned to remain both invisible and immobile in one place while her husband performed austerities far away. This was a curse, Fr Bag] it was soon to be learned, that only Rama could break, Sure enough, as soon as he entered the Max PAM place where Ahalya stayed unseen, unmoving, the curse was lifted. Ahalya's form took AY AY, shape from the dust. As Rama and Lakshmana looked on, caught by surprise, Ahalya regained Fe) her former figure, and she began to shine with luminous beauty (see Illus. # 6). Moments later she was reunited with the sage Gautama, who was her faithful, long-suffering husband. Won Vishwamitra, Rama, and Lakshmana at last reached Mithila, where King Janaka lived. This king had a beautiful and virtuous daughter whom he had wondrously found as an infant. He named her Sita, which means “furrow,” because he first happened upon her ina field while he was ploughing (see lus. #7). King Janaka had declared that any man who could lift and string Shiva's heavy bow might have Sita for his wife. As Sita grew in years and beauty, many suitors tried, but none succeeded in budging the F— weighty weapon, But when Rama entered the contest, not only did he lift the bow easily but he strung it so tightly that he cracked the bow in two (see Illus. #8). Rama won the contest. So pleased was Sita by this astonishing sight that she came forward and offered him a wedding garland (see Illus. #9). Later, Janaka invited King Dasaratha and, while all witnessed the event, performed the formal fire-ritual to seal the mariage of Sita to Rama. On the very same day that those tion royals were wed, Sita’s sister Urmila was married to Lakshmana and her two cousins, Mandavi and Shrutakisti, were joined in matrimony to Rama's other brothers, Bharata and Shatrughna. END OF BALA KANDA BEE) vs rasanae os — NS LZ SECTION TWO AY OD HY AK AN=DEA TURBULENT TIMES The second section of the story focuses on the kingdom of Ayodhya. Itis there that Rama, eldest FLEE Ac Pe — Ce QL SSSRama and Sita lived happily together in Ayodhya for a dozen years. ‘The people knew and loved Rama for his modesty, virtue, and his many other endearing qualities. When the aged King Dasaratha announced his wish to retire, all agreed that Rama should succeed him, He called Rama to his side and set the date for the succession A Af (sce Illus. #10). Lavish preparations for the coronation were begun. All the people of Ayodhya were in great joy — except for one old woman, Manthara, a hunchback and a personal maid to Queen Kaikeyi, was mean and envious. She ceaselessly nagged her lady, “* Your noble son Bharata should be crowned king, not Rama!” (see Mus. #11), At last, Kaikeyi's heart grew cold and jealous, and she decided to hold the King to a promise, made many years before, that he would Sip] one day grant her any two wishes, no matter what those wishes might en? a be. When the King came to her palace to rest that night, she demanded for fourteen years. Let my son Bharata be crowned King of Ayodhya instead!” | (see Illus. #12). The old King collapsed in disbelief, heartsick as he anticipated separation from his dearly beloved son, Rama Rama, on the other hand, calmly accepted this fateful turn of events, When he was called to the palace of Queen Kaikeyi and there informed of the King's decision to grant her two boons, he treated Queen Kaikeyi's harsh demands as if they were the King's fondest wishes. “My father made you a pledge,” declared the noble Prince. “I must honour his word” (see Illus. # 13) ‘The Prince now wanted only to serve his father by carrying out the orders. He decided to leave for the forest wilderness forthwith, In bidding farewell to those near and dear to him, Rama went first to his mother, Queen | Kausalya, She was distraught (see Illus. #14). She wanted to go with Rama. However, he courteously reminded that her duty as a wife was to remain at her hnshand!'s side. He pointed out that, under the new and trying circumstances, King Dasaratha would need her comfort now more than ever. Rama visited Sita next, trying to persuade her to stay safely in the palace in Ayodhya during his long exile. But she gently insisted that (as he had so recently told his own mother) a wife's place is beside her beloved husband. As for Lakshmana, he had already decided thathe, too, must share the fate of Rama's exile—he stood ready, as always, to serve his beloved brother, When the trio went to bid farewell to Dasaratha, Kaikeyi offered Rama the bark garments that all three of them would be obliged to wear in the forest. Sita, however willing she was to wear the rough bark dress, simply did not know how to wear it when Rama offered to help her to put on the garment (see Illus. # 15). Accordingly, she was permitted to wear ordinary court garb for the duration of the exile period. ‘The trio left the city in a state chariot driven by a trusted royal servant, Sumantra, Crowds of grieving people followed on foot. Young and old, men and women, nobles and commoners were determined to follow Rama into exile rather than to endure the pain of separation from him (see Illus. #16). But Rama did not want them to suffer the hardships of forest life. So he managed to slip away from the people when all were resting at night, fast asleep on the banks of the Sarayu River.When the royal exiles’ chariot reached the neighbouring country ruled by a hunter chieftain, Guha, that monarch came forward and met them, asking Rama to stay in his kingdom (see Illus. # 17). But Rama was eager to keep moving, so the chieftain Guha himself transported the trio across the sacred Ganges River. At midstream, Sita offered salutations to the Goddess Ganga, watery spirit of the stream, Sita solemnly promised to visit again one day holy places along the river's banks, should the three of them all return safely after the fourteen-year exile (see Illus. #18). Meanwhile, King Dasaratha had lost his will to live. ‘The separation from his beloved son, Rama, was too much for him, He was crushed by the weight of his sorrow: One midnight, recalling a curse against him that he would die grieving for a son, his heart finaly stopped, and he died in the tender care of Queen Kausalya (see Illus. #19), Prince Rama's brother, Bharata, had been sent away on an errand from Ayodhya before all this happened. When he returned to Ayodhya, he was totally unaware of what had happened while he was gone. Greeted by his mother, Queen Kaikeyi, she triumphantly recounted to him how she had won the kingdom forhim. To her surprise, Bharatha was angry on hearing her words and was anxious to meet Rama as soon as he could arrange to follow him into the forest. He paused only long enough to perform the proper funeral rites for his father and then leftin search of Rama. When he found his brother in the Chitrakut Clearing, Bharata begged Rama to return to rule the kingdom (see Illus. #20). Rama refused, declaring that even though their father was dead, his honour must still ive on. ‘The pledge that the father had given to Kaikeyi must be fulfilled. “Thatis why he was content indeed, intent —to remain away from Ayodhya. “Youmustrulein my place, O brother,” said Rama to Bharata. Bharata agreed to return to Ayodhya, but begged that he serve not as king but only as a humble regent for Rama, He asked Rama for his sandals, Bharata promised to place them on the throne }f 5 as a symbol of Rama's first right to rule. Because Bharata held Rama in such high esteem, he carried the sandals on his head all the way from the Chitrakut Clearing to the village of Nandigrama, a village close by that would serve as the capital instead of Ayodhya (see Iilus. #21). Once there, he placed the sandals ina B sirxine. Daily for the next fourteen years Bharata bowed before them and acted | as if Rama himself were standing there (see Illus. #22). Meanwhile, Rama, Sita, and Lakshmana moved ever farther southward from the Chitrakut} Cleating, continuing on their journey. Along the way they paused at the hermitage of Atri a famous sage, and his extraordinary wife, Anasuya (see Illus. # 23). While Rama relaxed with ‘Atti, Sita wentinside with Anasuya. In private Sita was instructed by Anasuya in the many ways that a faithful wife should serve and honour her husband. Sita was rubbed with salves and} ointments and given a new set of clothes as well as some shimmering jewels to wear on the journey, ‘The next morning, Rama and Sita, refreshed from a good night's sleep, rejoined Lakshmana- ‘The three left the hermitage of Atri and Anasuya behind them, entering the Dandaka Forest “as the sun enters a mass of cloud.” 23ND OF AYODHYA KANDA ‘The Indo-US Club of Ramayana Readers & ResearchersSECTION ee ee ee eee Ge A RAI LO MN LO Fo Oe a LL OL LLL ML CLL ELL LLY LCSoon after they entered the densely wooded wastes, to their utter surprise Sita was roughly seized by a towering, blood-thirsty rakshasa named Viradha. She was quickly rescued but both ‘Rama and Sita were shaken by the ominous event. As Rama prepared to slay the terrible wretch (see Illus. # 24), Viradha shouted that he was really a celestial being cursed to roam the forest, Rama's touch would free him. Filled with pity, Rama broke the curse and, in gratitude, Viradha advised Rama and his companion to travel further into the forest. His next meeting was with the ascetic Sutikshna, He and his fellow forest-dwellers were delighted to see Rama arrive at their hermitage (see Illus. # 25). They knew he would rid the woods of the roving raiders, those rakshasas who continually interrupted the holy men's sacrificial rituals and ceremonies. Rama stayed in the Dandaka Forest protecting these saintly ‘men for ten long years. During that time, the holy men living in the many hermitages amidst this dense forest knew peace and spiritual fulfillment. (see Illus. # 26) and, in response to Rama's request that he suggest to the exiled Prince a good place to live with his companions, Agastya pointed them to a glade not far away, called fej Panchavati. Rama agreed to the sage's suggestion, and he and Sita — served always by the watchful Lakshmana — spent several seasons there. Lakshmana built a hut for the couple near a sparkling stream, From time to time, Rama and Sita together explored the surrounding [as Si] during the bitterly cold and windy winters that were repeatedly endured by those f exiles, when the pallid sun retreated to the distant south, the adjacent hills were capped with snow and the forest fell quiet. At such times all the shivering creatures of the forest retreated at night to the protection of hidden lairs One day, once Spring had returned and Rama was seated outside his hermitage, a lewd lady, the rakshasi known as Shurpanakha, interrupted his peace, She stood boldly before Rama and offered herself to him (see Illus. # 29). Rama laughed at the lusty hag, and jokingly suggested that instead she try her wiles on Lakshmana. But her flirting was lost on Lakshmana. Laughed at by one brother and ignored by the other, Shurpanakha then wheeled on Sita and threatened to kill she hooted in frustration. Finally, she gave the trio a furious scowl and rushed from them, first, to seek the help of her two brothers, her guardians, Khara and Dushana, who were living in the than Ravana himself (see Illus. # 30). Thus destiny inexorably drew the distant two adversaries, Rama and Ravana, together! Ravana wanted revenge. “Rama will pay for the insult to my sister,” he vowed. He decided to abduct Sita as that would bring anguish to Rama and also satisfy his own unbounded lust. So Ravana enlisted the help of one of his subjects, Maricha. Like all razshasas, Maricha could assume any shape at BB EE) ves ravavanswill, Ravana told Maricha to transform himself into a golden deer and to nibble sweet grasses within sight of the couple at Panchavati Glade. When Sita saw the glistening deer, she was enchanted by its beauty. She asked Rama to capture it for her (gee Illus. # 31), Rama accordingly went after the deer and left Lakshmana behind to guard Sita. Rama chased the deer into the forest, but when he got close to it, the wily rakshasa Maticha, imitating Rama's voice, called out, “O Sita! O Lakshmana!” Hearing the cry, Sita insisted that Lakshmana go in the direction of the sound and help her husband, Although he tried to convince her that Rama was invincible and that no harm could possibly come to him, he did not convince Sita. In the end, Lakshmana felt compelled to go to Rama's side, Sita ws thus, leftalone. At that instant, Ravana arrived in the Clearing disguised as a wandering holy man, According to ancient Indian rules of hospitality, Sita immediately greeted the pious-looking man of poverty with an offering for his empty begging bowl (see Illus. # 32). ‘As soon as she came close enough, the pious-appearing ascetic grasped her close to him with his left hand anid changed back into his threatening form as the royal rakshasa, Ravana. The very next moment, he soared away with her. Nearby, the aged watch-bird Jatayu, a friend of Rama, was awakened from a daytime nap by Sita's cries for help. He flew hurriedly to her rescue, But Ravana, with his ruthless sword, lopped off the valiant bird's wings (see Illus. #33). The mortally wounded Jatayu fell helpless to the ground. He survived only long enough to see how desolate Rama was when he returned to discover that Sita had been abducted. The mortally wounded Jatayu had only enough life leftin him to tell Rama who Sita's abductor was and that the evil Ravana had carried her off in a southerly direction. (Rama had yet to learn exactly where that daring captor had taken Sita.) ‘The noble Jatayu then died in the arms of Rama who immediately performed all the funeral rites for that faithful bird. With this, the grieving Prince consigned Jatayu's soul toa high place in the heavens. As Sita struggled against her abductor, some of the jewellery she had worn that day fill mpashling theigh she aie. Gooe monkeys. tom: thin appar. (ace Tags. 36-5 | ‘These creatures lived in the hills over which Ravana passed as he carried Sita through the skies to his distant harem. While those monkeys gathered the fallen jewels to take to their leader, Ravana deposited Sita, his newly-gained treasure, in the seclusion of his royal retreat gg, Ravana ordered menacing rukshasis to guard the princess Sita in a remote Ashoka Grove (see Illus. # 35), saying to his frightened captive, “I give you one year. Forget Rama. Favour me.” Off he marched muttering, “O that I was not cursed to stand and wait for women!” His ‘mind went to the time when Brahmadeva had punished him for once too often having forced himself ona woman, From that day onward, so the curse went, if Ravana touched a woman against her will, his head would split into a thousand pieces. Thatis why he left Sita behind him, hoping she would in time turn to him of her own accord. The indo US Chub of Ramayana Reads & ResearchesMeanwhile Rama and Lakshmana desperately searched for the missing Sita (see Illus. # 36). Separated from his beloved mate, Prince Rama suffered boundless grief. As he and Lakshmana began to look for clues in the trackless Krauncha Jungle, they were unexpectedly accosted by a dreadful rakshasa named Kabandha. He was dark like a cloud, huge as a hill, with very long arms and had ny head or neck, with only one huge eye in his chest and a gaping mouth in his stomach. He grabbed the two brothers and threatened to devour them then and there. Butthe noble pair struggled valiantly and finally overcame the hideous ogre. As he died, he asked their names and, when told, he asked the brothers to cremate his ugly carcass - which they forthwith did. As Kabandha's body was consumed by the flames, there rose from the corpse a handsome celestial, by name Danu (see Illus. # 37). This hapless heavenly being had been cursed to wander hungrily in a horrifying form until Rama's blessed touch would break the spell. That time had come! As he returned to the realm of the celestials, the dazzling Danu directed Rama and Lakshmana to search for Sugriva who, like Rama, was also exiled from his homeland. He, too, had suffered his, wife being taken from him. Danu described Sugriva, further, as a monkey-chief living in hiding in the Rishyamukha Mount (located on the south bank of the lake they would soon be crossing). “Surely”, Danu said, “Sugriva will help you in your search for Sita.” He then pointed out the path for Rama and Lakshmana to followin order to reach most quickly the banks of the Pampa Lake. ‘The radiant Danu also told them about a pious old lady, Sabari, a devotee of the hunter class, highly respected by her mentor, Sage Matanga. They would, Danu said, meet her on their way, Sabari, it turns out, had been waiting to meet Rama for a long, long time, and she was prepared for his arrival in her pleasant hermitage located on the western periphery of the Pampa Lake. That pious crone welcomed the two brothers and, filled with love and regard, offered them fruits to eat and pure water to drink, She then led them around the premises of her ashram and showed them where sages from earlier ages had stayed and meditated. ‘Then, after having ‘once more looked lovingly upon Rama's face, she felt great peace within herself and, taking her leave of the brothers, calmly entered into a fire she then kindled. ‘Thereupon, as Rama and Lakshmana observed, her soul rose upward and disappeared in the skies. ‘At this, Rama and Lakshmana walked over to the shore of the lake, waded into it and resumed their quest for Sita. As they crossed that lly-filled lake, they fixed their gaze on Rishyamukha Mount. For there, they knew, they would soon come face to face with Sugriva, whom they would ask for help. END OF ARANYA KANDA BO Ed vac ramavanaRRR RRR RRR —_ NN 0 AAA AAA AAA AA pe Sten E i CH acon uns KISHKINDHA yee ee KINGDOM OF MONKEYS Kishkindha-kanda is the section of Valmiki's story named after the city hidden in a cavern deep within the PA ce a FIM cL RRA OR en exiled his brother Sugriva and who had also stolen Sugriva's wife. In this section, Rama and Sugriva join forces eae ee SZ SSE SET NZS RRR LS“It was spring. As Rama observed the beauty of nature — the verdure of the lily-filled lake and the flower- steeped hills all around — he was reminded of Sita's beauty. He became more grief-stricken than ever at the seemingly endless separation from his wife. Lakshmana consoled him as best as he could. Meanwhile, unknown to them as they crossed the Pampa Lake and reached its farther shore, they were being observed covertly by Sugriva from the nearby Rishyamuka Mount. Seeing that the brothers had teached his side of the lake's shore, Sugriva sent his trusted aide, Hanuman, to find out who the two strangers were and why they had comeinto his area of hiding. In an instant the go-between Hanuman, assuming the guise of a mendicant, stood next to the two brothers. “We have come looking for Sugriva, the monkey-chief,” Rama quickly explained. Hanuman told them that Sugriva was also in need of their help and, resuming his simian form, he took them to his leader by carrying both brothers comfortably on his shoulders. When Rama and Sugriva met atop the erest of Rishyamukha ‘Mount, they told each other of their respective misfortunes — each had been exiled from his kingdom that, by right, he should rule, and each grieved over the loss of his wife. Then, over a sacred fire of friendship that Hanuman made for them, Rama and Sugriva agreed to an irrevocable pact of friendship (see Illus. #38). Rama promised to aid Sugriva in his effort to regain his kingdom and his wife from Vali, while Sugriva promised to help Rama to recover Sita wherever she might be. Sugriva then showed Rama the jewellery that had fallen on that very hill when Ravana passed overhead swith the struggling Sita, Rama looked at the familiar anklets, bracclets, necklace, and earrings. He recognized every piece. He summoned Lakshmana to look as well. But Lakshmana could recognize only the ankle ornaments (see Illus, # 39). The reason he gave for this: in all the years he had known Sita, he had never once allowed himself to raise his eyes above her feet, so great was his respect for his brother, Rama, and forhis brother's wife! Rama urged Sugriva to go to Kishkindha, and there to challenge his brother Vali to single combat. He made Sugriva wear a flower garland so that he might tell the nearly identical batiing brothers apart. ‘Then Rama took his place in a nearby cluster of trees, There, he was hidden from view. He watched both monkey-chiefs fight bravely. But at a critical point in their struggle, Rama decided he must help Sugriva win, He shot an arrow (see Illus. # 40) at Vali. It found its mark. Valiwas slain, As a result, Sugriva regained his leadership of Kishkindha, and took the command of all the kingdom's forces once more. True to his promise, when the rainy season ended Sugriva sent search parties in cach of the four directions to discover where Ravana had carried Sita (see Illus. #41). After one month, the parties sent to the north, to the east, and to the west returned. None had seen any trace neither of Sita nor of her nakshasa captor, But the search party sent to the south did not return, That group was led by Sugriva's nephew, Angada, and included in it — among others — Sugriva's able counselor and aide, Hanuman, as well as Jambavan, the leader of the bears, This southern search party had wandered in their search for many days without food or drink. Weak and hungry, they came upon a mysterious cave. ‘The cave's entrance was overgrown with exotic plants and was dripping with water. Cranes and ducks and herons flew from the cavern's mouth, carrying in their beaks tender shoots and scented roots. Judging from this that they might find something to eat and to drink inside the cave, the search party decided to enter the dark BB BE) veux pamavanachamber. In order to stay together in the darknes and ventured toward the entrance (see Illus. #42). within, they took hold of one another, Once inside the cave, however, they lost their way Also, they lost all track of time. Ar last, almost overcome with hunger and thirst and weakness, they saw a great light. Deep within the pitthey founda female ascetic. Hername, she told them, was Swayamprabha. She was glowing with an inner radiance of spiritual power. She graciously offered them fruit and sweet juices. Refreshed, they asked herto lead them out of thatplace. She agreed to help them, but ordered them to cover their eyes. When they opened their eyes again, the search party discovered that they were on the sea shore. It was as far south as they could possibly go. Still they had not found Sita! Moreover, they now realized that they were late in reporting back to Sugtiva within the month's time he had given them. Despair setin. ‘Together they reviewed everything that had brought them to this far away place — Rama's exile, Dasaratha's death, Shurpanakha's visit, Ravana's abduction of Sita, Jatayu's death, Vali's defeat, Sitting not far from them was a wingless, old vulture, His name was Sampati. When he heard them mention the name of Jatayu, he interrupted the laments of the search party. “Jatayu was my brother. ‘Tell me all that happened.” They did, When Sampati heard the complete story, he understood why the creatures in front of Fj him had come to this distant tip of land ~ they wanted to find Sita. Thereupon he told them what he had seen several months before. “Ravana, King of Lanka, carried Sita across this sea in front of you. If you cross this strait you will reach the island of Lanka and, there, you will find where he keeps her under guard.” As the crippled vulture spoke, and thus helped Rama in his mission, his wings miraculously grew back in place. He regained his former strength. (see Illus. #43). Heartened by the news of Sita's presence in Lanka and encouraged by the omen of Sampati’s new wings, the members of the search party likewise got rid of their dejection and regained their lost enthusiasm, Each one wanted to show his new-found strength and each happily bragged what he could do. Angada boasted that he could jump across the sea to reach Lanka, but he was not at all sure that he would have the strength to return, Jambavan, the wisest among the bears, thought about the situation and decided that Hanuman was the only one capable of both vaulting across the vast expanse and returning Accordingly, Hanuman, gh reminded of his strength and superior powers by Jambavan, was invited to make the big jump BteB | (sce Illus. # 44). Climbing up the slopes of a nearby promontory, Mount Mahendra, ru, used his magical powers and began to grow larger and larger. Atlast, atop that craggy peak, this gigantic ape turned to the south, and braced himself Hanuman, son of the wind-god for the great leap to Lanka, END OF KISHKINDA KANDA The Indo-US Cl of Ramayana Peace & Researches EE]Tree of life (Kind courtesy of PPRaju, Artist, Hyderabad)RR RS RE RRR eKanaKanio oso ho Sieg Sg oR SECTION FIVE SUNDARA KANDA BEAUTIFUL ALTHROUGH tee a eee ee Ce “beautiful” nature of Hanuman, whose great feats make possible what happens in this part of the-tory. Others vay it has to do with all the “Deautiful” things be sees in Lanka — its towering palaces its verdant grove, its Nar La eALERTS ea Ce LL aR ae BUTERA te EL a ae a messages Hanuman delivers to Sita from Rama, and the token be brings back to Rama from Sita. All agree that itis inspiring to read, and many Hindus believe that if they recite the Sundara-kanda in times of gloom or mental distress their problems will lear up RRR IR RRR LALHanuman soared skyward (see Illus. #45). He shone like the sun. He crossed the surging sea ina single bound. Inno time atall he reached the distant shore of Lanka. At firsthe could not find Sita. He looked everywhere —in Lanka's streets, in all the houses, even in the royal harem. Finally he went beyond the city to the gardens and orchards of the royal estate. ‘There in the center of a grove known as the Ashoka Atbor he found the captive princess seated in the shade eee °F agianetrce. She was very pale. Like the waning moon, she had become quite slim. ‘The grief of separation from her beloved Rama had not, however, dimmed her radiance, She glowed by virtue of her inner purity. Like the ‘moon, too, she remained always luminous and lovely. Even while he watched from a hiding place on the same giant tree above and not far from her, Hanuman saw the cruel king, Ravana, make his regular visit to Sita in her seclusion. “For ten months you have remained here mooning over Rama. You have but two months lef to forgethim and show favour to me. I warn you, relent or my cooks will make mince-meat pic out of you for me to cat.” Sita remained brave all the while that Ravana was there, but when he left she broke into tears. While she wept, Hanuman crept nearer to her. Gently he murmured that he was a messenger. “Rama sent me.” Sita lifted her eyes in disbelief, and Hanuman caught his breath at the sight of her fragile beauty. He gave her Rama's ring to show that he spoke the truth (see Illus. # 46). He promised her that Rama would come for her. In turn, she removed the jewel that still adorned her hair. “Give this to Rama. Tell him to come for me, or I shall die.” Hanuman left her with comforting words, then went back to the streets of the capital determined to do mischief to the rwkshasas and to see Ravana face to face before leaving Lanka. With this in mind, he got into fights with rakshasa soldiers, After scufiling with several he decided to let them capture him. He knew that, as a prisoner, he would be taken before Ravana, Sure enough, he was soon hauled before the king, and there Hanuman heckled him, Furious at this insult, Ravana ordered Hanuman bound head and foot. “Set his tail on fire!” Hanuman smiled at this, for it was just what he wanted. Once his tail was flaming, he easily slipped out of his bonds and into the night No one could catch him. Laughing at how helpless they all were against his wonders, Hanuman hopped from house t house until he had touched each with his tail, setting the entire city on fire (see Illus. #47). Satisfied thae the rakshasas would remember him and his visit forever, he went to the seashore and there doused his flaming tail in the cooling waters. After checking once ‘mote that Sita still survived and, reassuring her yet again that Rama would personally rescue her, he made his way to Arishta Hill, From that mount, he took a mighty leap and crossed the ocean in a single bound, rejoining the group waiting for him on the other side. “They were overjoyed to see him, And, when he told them he found Sita and that she was waiting only for Rama's rescue, they were beside themselves with glee. All of them at the same time turned their backs on the south and returned in the direction where Rama and Sugriva waited for them. Tardy or not, they had good news. ‘On their way they came to a grove where bees had made hives in the trunks and branches of all the trees. It was a preserve known as the “ Madhuvan” or “Honey Forest.” On an impulse the search party stopped there, stole some honey, made mead, and drank it down. Already intoxicared from what Hanuman had seen and told them, they all got roaring drunk (see Illus. #48). When this news reached the waiting Rama and Sugriva, the two knew that such a celebration could mean only one thing—Sita had been found. And, they were correct, as, ‘was soon confirmed when the carousers reeled home. END OF SUNDARA KANDA BO ED) vet ics panavanaSECTION SIX YUDDHA K A Nip WAR & VICTORY Oe RL aL OL) LB LL poem. It tells of the fateful meeting between Rana and his rival, Ravana, of their final fights, of Sita's release from captivity, and of the reunited couple's return to Ayodhya. Ut also describes as well the skirmishes and battles BOT ETE aap eed ee a The clash of the troops, the daring feats of soldiers in single combat, the courage shown by all— even in defeat — ee a ae eee AL Le eR aR Ua aR EC RR RR RR RRR IRR RRR RRR, oe co a a aa a a aa‘As soon as Rama heard Hanuman's news, he quickly reacted. “Sita waits for me.” He gathered his allies and headed south for Lanka, his enemy's island stronghold. His troops, eager to take on the enemy, were stopped short by the sea. ‘When Ravana learned through his spies of the advance of troops against him, he called a council of war. Allof his clansmen agreed to fight by his side—save one. ‘Thatone was his upright brother Vibhishana, He advised the passionate ruler to return Sita and avoid a fateful conflict with Rama (see lus. #49) and, quite possibly, the ruin of the rakshasa race. ‘This warning only infuriated the rakshasa king, He clenched his fist and rejected the gentle counsel of his youngest brother, insulting him in open court. Vibhishana, who loved peace, decided that he could no longer remain on Ravana's side, Using some raleshasa- magic, he disappeared without a trace from his brother's sight and instantly reappeared across the sea © Lord! I come to you for refuge. I surrender my heart and soul to you.” Rama was | pleased by this. He raised his hand in blessing and replied, “You have come with a pure heart. Even though you may have done wicked things before, you are here now because you wish to follow righteousness. You shall find a haven of happiness with me” (see Illus. #50). From that time on, Vibhishana did all he could to help Rama. As reward to his new ally, Rama embraced him and called to Lakshmana, “Go, fetch water from the nearby sea and anoint our friend, Vibhishana, true king of Lanka.” This was done, and the host of forest creatures around Rama signaled their approval. ‘The problem remained, how to get Rama's troops across the watery expanse to Lanka. Vibhishana counseled that Rama fast and pray to Varuna, the spirit of the sea. So, for three days and three nights Rama lay down ona bed of Aasbu-grass, facing the sea, and addressed its watery lord, But Rana became angered when dat spirit failed even so much as to appear in response to his petition, ‘The enraged hero thereupon threatened to dry up charging into its waves a potent, burning arrow. Suddenly, at this, Varuna appeared in a mist and vowed to Rama that by whatever means the armies chose to cross his surface he would support them and grant them smooth passage. Nor would any of the creatures of the depths be allowed to molest or hinder the armies. “Call on Nala, son of the grand architect, Vishwakarma, and the best among your assembled allies in all arts of construction, to take charge and all will go well.” every drop of the ocean by Rama beckoned to Nala, and commissioned him to do the necessary. Nala complied and immediately decided that to construct a bridge was the best way to span the gulf. Quickly work forces were organized among the hordes of helpers surrounding Rama (see Illus. # 51) ‘They grabbed whatever was near — large boulders, blocks of rocks, trees, branches, pebbles — and within five days and five nights the causeway was completed, sturdy, splendid, stretching longand spreading wide. Hanuman, always ready to help, hoisted Rama on his shoulders (see Illus. # 52) and carried him across the completed causeway to Lanka. Lakshmana was next, then came Sugriva, and finally followed the multitude of monkeys, the battalions of bears and the columns of other creatures rank after rank. Allwere ready to fight for Rama's cause. BN ED) vis narvanaPRE The noise of the advancing armies alerted the enemy. Ravana went with his spies and sentries stretched tothe highest ramparts of his castle (see Illus. #53). The column of Rama's soldiers as faras his eye could see. Onan impulse, Ravana acted rashly. ‘He rushed to his court magicians and commanded, “Male a head just like Rama's” He took the gruesome, severed head to Sita and dangled itclose to her (see Illus. 54). “Here is your Rama. He is dead. Ihave killed him. Now you must be mine ~ forever.” Sita gasped. The skin, the hair, the eyes, the nose, the mouth — all these seemed to belong to her beloved. Grief choked her. But just then, Ravana was called away. As soon as he disappeared, [>™ the magic head faded away. Sita knew then that she had been tricked. “Rama lives!” Rama was, in fact, very much alive. But he wasin trouble. ‘The battle had begun, and the rakshasas had resorted to other tricks to win their way. One of Ravana's sons, Indrajit, was very cunning. He possessed rare occult powers and many supernatural weapons. Among these were dozens of deadly darts. ‘These darts, when they hit their mark, turned into serpents. He shot the serpent- darts at the brothers in battle, and both Rama and Lakshmana fell na faint. They hardly breathed | (see Illus. # 58). It was just as if they had been wounded by poisoned arrows. And so they SSBB) sould have stayed stricken, spellbound by the snakes, had it not been fora miracle. From on high descended onto the battlefield an enormous eagle. He glowed like the sun, At his approach, the serpents scurried this way and that, and soon were gone. This giant bird was Garuda, feathered conveyer of Vishnu and eternal enemy of serpents. When he came close to | the motionless heroes, there was a tush of wind as his wings touched their faces (see Illus. # 56). Both brothers breathed again. They sat up. “Who are you?” they inquired. “Know only that I am your friend,” Garuda replied. “I have broken the serpents’ spell. Hereafter, beware of the E ”” Saying this, he winged heavenward and disappeared. rukshacas and theit wily way “The brothers regained their strength and, with their allies, pitched themselves into one battle after another. As the fighting increased in fury, the great plains of Lanka became like a river of death at Doomsday. The heaped bodies of dead soldiers were its banks. Stuck upright in the corpses, broken lances gave appearance of trees. Gushing gore was like water, and floating livers and spleens and entrails made up a muddy tide. Scattered arms resembled reeds. Severed heads and limbs served as fishes. Swooping vultures replaced the stately swans. Fat and flesh floated like foam, while sighs and cries sounded, as it were, like the torrents of the current. In those grim engagements, many brave champions on both sides passed over that fearful flood, and were carried by the river of blood to the ocean of death. Itwas an awesome vision that threw terror into the hearts of many ahero! One day, after an especially bruising battle, Ravana realized it was time to find reinforcements, He thought of his brawny brother, the colossal Kumbhakarna. But that bloodthirsty brute lay at home, bewitched, in bed. Kumbhakarna's curious condition could be traced to a curse that caused him to sleep soundly for six ‘months each yearand to be awake, wanting to devour everythingin sight, forthenextsix months. So, | | to lure him out ot his deep sleep, Ravana had great vats of aromatic food placed beside hiis biother's bed. He ordered his court musicians to play as loudly as they could outside the window. But neither smell nor sound could call Kumbhakarna out of his coma. Finally, elephants were turned loose to lumber across the titan's chest. That made him stir slightly. Sluggishly he yawned and slowly rose fombhis bed (ee Illus. #57). The ndoUS Cu of Ramayana Readers & Resarchss EDOnce awake, he gorged himself with food. And drink. Hearing that this brutish brother of his had stirred from slumber, Ravana bid him come to the palace for consultation, Kumbhakarna agreed to this and proceeded somewhat unsteadily along the royal way to Ravana's presence at the palace. When the two rakshara brothers met, Kumbhakarna felt emboldened to criticize his brother, the royal Ravana, for his reckless ways, concluding, “You have brought this calamity on yourself.” Kumbhakarna's criticism did not sit well with the king, Ravana angrily shouted, “What's done is done. Now is the time for you to do what you do best. If you trulylove me,go. Find Rama. Killhim.” His voracious appetite never quite satisfied, the lumbering giant left the palace and headed straight to the battlefield, He was ravenous and bloodthirsty. And he was looking for Rama, Butalong the way he met many other warriors of the armies marshaled against Ravana. Battling them one by one, he injured each severely, dazing those heroes altogether, What Kumbhakarna did to Rama's troops that day almost turned the tide of the entire war. But when he met Rama tlast, it was clear he had met his match. Despite Kumbhakarna's menacing advances, Rama never wavered. Hounded by the hulk, Rama was first forced to cut off the hungry giant's outstretched arms. Furious, Kumbhakarna then tried to run down Rama, so his legs got lopped off. Next the truncated titan tried to gulp Rama into his gullet, Rama filled Kumbhakarna's belly instead with enormous arrows. Rama finally chopped the head from Kumbhakarna's torso, As Rama watched, that head rolled down the slopes from the battlefield to the sea, smashed into the surf, and sank like a rock to the bottom of the ocean floor, Ravana mourned the loss of his behemoth brother. But almost immediately, other kinsmen came, fierce fighters all. One by one they pledged to protect their king and marched onto the plain. But not one ever returned. Allwere killed, Only Indrajit, his illustrious son, remained. He was all that stood now between the rakshasa ruler and the irate Rama, Indrajit had survived thus far because he was protected by mysterious powers that he got by worshipping. potent, otherworldly forces. That is how, earlier, he had stunned Rama and Lakshmana with his serpent-darts. This time, protected by the power of invisibility, he surprised them again. Riding in a charmed chariot yoked to amagic horse, he lashed out— unseen — toward them, GAZ) Ashe approached them, both Rama and Lakshmana could heat Indrajit’s every move, Buthe yi PP i y Lape 7) remained invisible to them. Covertly he coursed around them. Unseen, he soared above lf ey them. And, using weapons from the gods, he assaulted them with arrows from all directions es Ki (ce Illus. # 58). So it was that the air was filled with a shower of missiles, as thick and thunderous as a torrent of rain in summer. ‘Those volleys wounded many of Rama's companions. Some fell, some retreated Despite this major victory, it began to dawn on Indrajit just how implacable was the strength of Rama and Lakshmana together with all their assembled forces. Allowing himself to be visible once more, Indrajit got down from his chariot and stole off to a quiet sanctuary. Once there, like the sorcerer he was, he made ready all the complicated preparations to pray for a favor and, to assure his prayer was answered, to offer a sacrifice. ‘Those mysterious, otherworldly forces that had so far, so sucessfully, protected him from harm would act __ | 2favourably to him only if all arrangements were complete, What he was preparing to pray for was —-no mote, no less— invincibility. But Lakshmana knew Indrajit’'s purpose. Making his way to within calling distance of the sanctuary, he challenged Indrajit to come forth, Distracted from his prayers, Indrajit rose from his unfinished task knowing then and there that his wish for invincibility would never come true, Frustrated, furious, he emerged from his place of prayer and mounted a mighty chariot. He charged forth and exchanged ma Lakshmana, each adversary using increasingly potent weapons against the other. Even the gods, saints and other celestials assembled in the sky to witness this awful exchange. volleys with Day slowly turned into night. Atlast, Lakshmana chose a weapon worshipped even by the gods. Holding it aloft, he shouted so that all could hear, “If Rama be unrivalled, pious and truthful, then slay Indrajit.” Indrajit, who had got down from his chariot, still stood his ground. Lakshmana saw him, discharged the weapon. It traveled swiftly toits mark, Irbeheaded the ruthless warrior. Indrajit, Ravana's formidable son, was slain. When that painful news reached Ravana, he roared as if he himself had been mortally wounded. Alone, he entered the field. He was formidable in his fury. Everything that had ever been rumoured about Ravana was true. He was tall. He was strong, Hewasskilled. Hewas fearless. And, he was provoked. He created havoc in Rama's ranks. ‘The army scattered at his sight. Only Hanuman, Sugriva, Vibhishana, Lakshmana, and Rama stood their ground, Ravana sped toward them, His followed that fierce glance. However, Lakshmana deflected the javelin and saved Vibhishana's life. This enraged Ravana. He grabbed another spear, put a spell on it, and hurtled it toward Lakshmana, ‘The weapon was irresistible, When ithit Lakshmana, it knocked him down. Seeing this, Ravana began aiming his arrows at Rama. es first fell with loathing on his brother Vibhishana. A swift spear soon But Rama ignored him. He saw only that his loyal Lakshmana lay wounded. Rama wept. Withouthis brother standing athis side, Rama felts though he had lost everything Yet all was not lost, for Hanuman quickly came to the rescue. Riding on the wings of the wind, Hanuman vaulted north to the Himalayas, where healing herbs were said to grow high on the mountaintops. He searched but could not locate the tiny medicinal plants. Knowing that ‘Lakshmana lay lingering near death, he tore off an entire mountain and carried it back to Lanka (sce Illus. #59), With this mountain of medicines to heal him, Lakshmana was soon back on his feetagain. Only then did Rama again turn to face Ravana. For some time the two stood staring at ench other. It was asif a tiger had transfixed a bull, Without taking his eyes away from his enemy, Rama vowed to friends, “I swear to you that the world shall soon be rid either of Ravana or of me, Remember, itis because of his unrighteous deeds that Iam here. I intend to do this day a deed which people will speak of as longaas the world shall last.” Ravana proved an awesome adversary. So the fight was not soon over. Every time Rama cut off his head, another grew in its place (see Illus. # 60). Itseemedasif the nakshasa simply could notbe killed. ‘The dreadful combat lasted seven days and seven nights, Neither hero rested for a single second The Indo-US Cub o Ramayana Reader &Resoarchoe ER]‘At last Rama had cause to remember the quiver the ancient Agastya had given him when he first entered the forest (teview Illus. # 26). He reached around and drew from ita sparkling arrow. Itwas infused with the power of the universe, Rama fixed it to his bow, He uttered a Vedic prayer. He aimed at Ravana. He shot the arrow. Itpierced the iron heart of his foe, The rakshasa ruler fell to the ground. ‘The world resounded with the sound of a thousand thunder-quakes. His crown rolled in the dust. Ravana was dead. To the astonishment of all who saw it—including the heavenly hosts who watched from above— the deadly artow rose from the corpse, floated through the air, and slipped back into Rama's quiver. ‘The battle was over. ‘The war was won. B Mandodari, widow of the rakshasa ruler, rushed onto the field, collapsed at the sight of her late lord, and keened over his corpse (see Illus. #61). Staring sorrowflly at his defeated brother and the mourning Mandodati, Vibhishana realized, with great agony, that he had contributed to the destruction of his own brother and that he himsclf would now be ruler of the rekshasa realm. He drew near to Rama for guidance. Rama then, as always, knew what to do. He instructed Vibhishana to give all due honours belonging to a ‘monarch to Ravana, and told him that he should himself perform his brother's funeral rites most properly forthwith, This was done. ‘Then he ordered Lakshmana to invest Vibhishana with all the powers of a king, crowning him the ruler of the rakshasas. This, too, was done. Then he dispatched Hanuman to deliver to the still captive Sita all the news of his victory over Ravana, and to observe her reaction. Hanuman went as ordered. Sita was silent at first, then blurted out, “O Hanuman! I can never repay you! All I can do is forgive my watchful guards, as the spirit of forgiveness is always a great gift.” Then, more calmly, she added, “I want to see my husband.” When Rama heard Hanuman's report of Sita's response, he turned to Vibhishana and commanded, “Summon Sita, Prepare her for the royal welcome she deserves.” ‘Thus Vibhishana's first royal act was to visit Sita (see Illus. # 62). When he told her of her freedom, she rose instantly to go to her husband from whom she had been so long separated. But she was gently restrained and told that Rama had been quite clear ~ she must return more like princess than prisoner. So she carefully bathed. ‘Then her former, forgiven warders adorned her in silk and jewels befitting her royal rank. Soon she set off in state, escorted by Vibhishana, to be reunited with her beloved Rama. Rama had assembled all his allies. He stood with them, waiting, Sita approached. She held her head high. She shone as bright as the autumn moon in her majesty and joy. But then the unexpected happened. Rama did not come forward to meet her, He was, instead, deep in thought. Even as Sita came into sight, Rama did notseem to notice her. In fact, as she came closer, he suddenly turned away from her! Lakshmana could not believe whathe saw. Others watched and waited. Sita stopped. She stood very stil. She could scarcely whisper, “My Lord, Iam here.” More to himself than to anyone else, Rama mumbled, “So be it.” BB EE) ves raneanThen he addressed those who were witnessing this strange reunion in these words: “This day Ihave avenged a grievous insult. He who abducted this lady now lies dead. And she who was touched by that monster now stands before you, Ihave set her free from her long imprisonment in the house of another man. How can I possibly take back one whose reputation has been tarnished? I can no longer call her my wife.” Tears broke forth from Sita's innocent eyes and, addressing Lakshmana, Sita said, “Prepare for mea funeral pyre. My husband has renounced me. I shall give myself up to the flames.” All waited while Lakshamana did as she asked. Then, Sita's voice quavering, she vowed, “I swear by the Earth and by all that Iam that my heart has always been yours alone, my lord. If Ihave not been true to you, then may the fire consume me as it does all mortal flesh” (see Illus. # 63). All watched, rapt, as she moved toward the scorching inferno, Only Rama, among all the spectators, did not blink as Sita stepped into the blaze. Ina flash, she was gone, Rama made no sound at this, buta great wail of despair rose from the crowd. Above the pyre blazing before the people, another flash lighted the sky. Rama did not move. But the people all looked heavenward, There they saw Brahmadeva and the gods governing the cight directions filling the firmament. Itwas dazzling sight, and the people stood riveted in the awesome radiance. In that brief moment, unscen by the multitudes, Brahmadeva descended to Rama's side. The great god reminded Rama of what he seemed to have forgotten, saying, “Your work here is done, © Vishnu! Soon itwill be time for you and your lady to leave and to return to the realm beyond.” ‘Then Brahmadeva ascended out of sight atthe same momentas the eyes of the crowd returned to gaze once more upon Rama and the blazing pyre. “The people saw that the flames were forming the figure of Agni, deity of fire, By that god's side stood Sita — more refined, more radiant and more beautiful than ever, She looked like the morning sun in all its splendour, She was robed in red, her golden ornaments glowed, and her hair glistened (see Illus. # 64). The lustrous lord of the fire addressed Rama in a voice all could hear: “This. lady is innocent, She should not be branded. Accept her once more, and end the sorrow of your separation.” Atlast, Rama stirred. He stepped toward Sita and took her lovingly by her right hand. ‘Turning to the throng he said, “I knew from the beginning that my beloved was without blemish. But as your king, I wanted to prove her innocence before your eyes.” The crowd roared its appreciation. The gods who hovered in the sky above showed their pleasure, too they mended all the maimed among the monkeys, they healed all the bruised among the bears, and they resurrected from the dead any and allallies who had lain mortally wounded. As the deities faded from view they directed Rama to return to Ayodhya, since the term of his exile was now up, ‘Accordingly, early the very next morning Rama, Sita, Lakshmana, Sugriva, and Vibhishana mounted into the magic, flying vehicle called “Pushpakd” for the journey north to Ayodhya. That car had more than once carried Sag] Ravana, butitnow served the sovereign successor, Vibhishana. He ordered ittoaccommodate all Rama's allies and their sponses in its several stories and countless chambers. As the winged chariot soared over the route he had once walked, Rama was able to recognize the various places along the way and to recall for the others — but especially for Sita's benefit — what had transpired there (see Illus. #65). The Indo-US Cub of Ramayana Reaces & Researches EE]‘The full fourteen years of his exile had elapsed by the time Rama landed a short distance from Ayodhya, On his way on foot to the capital, he and his companions madea stop at Bharadwaja's hermitage. ‘There he inquired of the sage what kind of rule his brother, Bharata, had provided in his absence. ‘The sage assured Rama that the rule had been just, the people happy. He also told Rama that, all the while, Rama's sandals had occupied the throne while his faithful brother served only as regent in his place. ‘This pleased Rama immensely, and he dispatched Hanuman to go first to Guha to tell him of safe return, then to travel on to Bharata, Hanuman altered his form into that of a human guise, and did as Rama requested. He first met Guha and recited to him the adventures of Rama during the past fourteen years. He then proceeded to Nandigram, a few miles outside Ayodhya, where Bharata had been living as a hermit. ‘There, likewise, Hanuman recounted to Bharata's delight Rama's adventures since the two brothers had last seen one another. Bharata then shared the news of Rama's return to all in the kingdom, and requested that all of Ayodhya's citizens prepare for the exiles’ welcome. Overnight, all was made ready. ‘The next day, everyone in Ayodhya, including the royal household, came out of the city on foot to meet Rama, Sita, Lakshmana and the hosts of their friends and allies. While this transpired, at about the same time, Rama and his company resumed their flight in the aerial chariot from Bharadwaja's ashram, ending up at Nandigram. And, by this time, Rama and Lakshmana had both bathed, had their long, matted locks barbered, and had ch aking! dressed once more in courtly attire, Rama looked now ever At Nandigram, Bharata stepped forward to meet the homecoming trio. He carried on his head the royal sandals that had represented all the while Rama was away his royal presence in the governance of the kingdom. When the brother met, their joy was complete. Bharata put the sandals on Rama's feet. “The kingdom is once again yours.” The exile was over. Ev yone was elated, ig them was likewise momentous, marked by loving embraces ‘The meeting of the friendly throngs accompanyis and tears of happiness. Together, by midday, they all turned toward Ayodhya, mingling with one another to great mutual satisfaction as they moved. Atthe moment they walked through the gates of the city, the trees lining the streets burst into bloom. ‘The air was filled with fragrance and sweetness. Bharata used that moment officially to welcome his brother back to the capital. The queen mothers, at the same time, welcomed Sita back home and, later, they lovingly dressed her in a regal gown and adorned her with costly gems. Secing all these activities, the people rejoiced. Later that afternoon, a great multitude filled the largest room of the palace. Everyone and everything was in readiness for the coronat them, Hanuman — had been dispatched to fetch pure waters from the four seas and from i hundreds of rivers. And they had returned. The throne, with the brothers Bharata and a 7 o be Lakshmana posted at either end, was placed in the middle of the hall. Rama and Sita were {gl instructed to sit there, side by side. Finally, the family priest, Vasishtha placed the ancient crown 5 of Ayodhya on Rama's head while all watched and approved. Shatraghna, stationed behind ¥ Rama, held aloft the emblem of empire, a white umbrella. Fans, fashioned of yak tails and serving likewise as symbols of sovereignty, wafted through the air in the capable hands of Sugriva and Vibhishana, Rama's far- flung allies. __| 46 MTN n (see Illus. # 66). Rama's friends from his forest sojourn — amongThen, symbolic of what was yet to come during his long reign, Rama and his royal consort, Sita, began to distribute gifts all around. Jambavan situated himself apart, stationed by the door, standing there as chamberlain, All were brought in turn forward to the king, Farmers were blessed with the prospect of abundant crops and trees heavy with fruit. Priests were awarded gold, countless cows and coveted cottons and silks. Other citizens were granted their hearts’ content. Rama's forest allies were bestowed with fine armor, splendid helmets, rich apparel and precious ornaments, All felt the generosity and benevolence of the freshly- minted monarch. Even Sita received a necklace of lustrous pearls interspersed with glowing gems. But, seeing Hanuman waiting nearby, she immediately unhooked that sparkling necklace from her own neck and put it around Hanuman's. This pleased Rama, who enumerated the qualities he so admired in his friend, “Blessed are you for your spirit, strength, patience, sincerity, modesty, morality, valour, intelligence and constancy.” Hearing that, Hanuman wore that shining necklace forever after. So began Rama's reign, It lasted ten thousand glorious years. During those years of his reign no woman became a widow, no one died of disease, and life spans stretched to one thousand years. Families had many sons, rains fell when they were needed, and neither wild beast nor foreign enemies threatened the peace of that happy land. White PlainyNew York, USA 23" July,2008 (VS.Krishnawamy) END OF YUDDHA KANDA ‘The Indo-US Club of Ramayana Readers & Researchersg 3 Fraaren werd etary eta aah 1.8) pearptaract ait ae at a | Tewucua U a ae a5 ad = RARSEWESAY GE Valmiki Ramayana is the immortal epic of India, wherein God is humanized. Ideals and values ate enshrined therein. Characters are powerful and narration is gripping. Asawestern scholar putit, we can leave only two things as legacy for our children — wings and roots, One feels, wings to make them fly in the sky of ambition and roots to make them understand the basic roots of their culture and heritage. PV MRisa fascinating and novel presentation of the great epic. It has the effect of a comic, the authenticity of a text and the wonderful appeal to 7 languages. It is a laudable and successful attempt to popularise the RAMAYANA. Alll credit to scholars who have brought the epic to children ona platter. oa Gokul Dham, Maduvankari, PREMA PANDURANG Sriperumbudur, Kancheepram Dist. (AMMA) “Tamil Nadu - 602 105 Manceteileceeeey KSHETROPASANA. NOTE: Prof. Prenua Pandurang is one of de Founder Meaubers ssid Managing, Trustees of Kshetropasna Religious and Charitable Trust established in Sriperumbudur, Kancheepuram Dist., Tamil Nadu, This trust has dedicated itself to the revival and rejuvenation of values and ideals of Indian Heritage and culture. She was a Professor of English in the Presidency College, Madras for over two decades.noma MALAYALAM Design of Outer Circle with the kind courtesy of P.P. Raju, Artist, Hyderabad LRbISNYSPGE ORI AL-& MULEI=EINGUAL VALMIKI “RAMAYANA (Of 66 Selected Slokas in Sanskrit translated into English Hindi Talar-(ele} Malayalam Marathi Betas Telugu and along with multicoloured pictures and Rama Collage of 12 Mangala Slokas in Sanskrit with English Translations)sia ual cht eear— “sete oe" (carer) At Seah & Reratt | ferent ae a at gee wher ree att, a et ae Bhar (Faas) wet a = ann, wale gat ata uatt & get FS om (a uel) At cen se aaa AS TT ara arrests 7. < OD Pow weod mx, mO,cdo Baed-sasod aad S atecier wleedet, os eapste feats Row aye wtacacho, noch, mesma Arh ad Z voineeade oind coh abs, cima dd sod wopaba. ¥ J AdaMIalo.alO}9s AosMaro CQIMAaIMDJNS QaAIANS Z_ GA1gZ2900! DY go amlin\MsBG crajelsD0W eoMVerlaIMed 29,o1m10)™M dap araloarmlomm camidsa} 900m 0.Qc0H1eg), Goolmoes 1 S Malmo aclavano anmynaoiaroys}&O1g, mMMaD20@ voodmlewo E_ eao.aaie00 nsonilaoojo we = waaaIGA Cpe HATE -—--- TATA Se Tee, gen fers ae Gweira) aise (aii) Rowe are, are wear area s Sea adh wae oe AA.” SOHor es LisflulletT Lopesrapid civGovrs aug_aird Carros paytd Cam! Qs Carg sOporgye usec syjanonet ieTyL Loss Aue Amashos Gung geronps Gancrp alimi. sisornd 9 andy amps 9G peMgId Ao_Sarg. sre ainylldonsgid sms.o Blooms gioren Cromap flonevenuuyd 6 senL_w Lom L_mn. TAMIL Pod 48 Leveatin - Fro rod Sahat LNGEO wrnos* FF sostios DoBiR Sood ayy MeO asd sos ayws ESKrSOF FHS ardGorr shore. “46 Sobor | 8 CHAS oHarPSH dy Fos so BOWED SoM BED SB SobS eSmorr Ax rer sown Dossy HhOco Bars yiw6OS, Srgeas OSES.” "| 52 RN TELUGU1. Death of the Krauncha-Bird and Birth of the Shloka-Verse Form ar fre vfeet cf arma: eradea: | aq misateparg war sacl: preety Ut (1.2.14) “O Hunter! May you ne’er be blest, For thou hast rent this krauncha-pair Nor reach the realm of timeless rest. While they were joined in love most rare.” The ndoUS Cub of Ramayana Readers & Researchers [ER]Saarait ant rare ey S aye wa H aaa og wera canst & Aeqe aa rat aur fawy tet “S taal | F ano wah ea Sq Peat Ue ATS ails HF rater UT eae Yah STH Aaa". HINDI Besser Nasa, SwsataD - voswon, Towvrvetord seam ei Smaidm, seed mons agde Be ARAS we woth seeswomnt, wie, who Wristoa , gq, Hoohd eAmTAO, Bokrobd adda me Aedga gq, Focloimrbaterd Beesa . KANNADA BAITS = MaNIAMaXeMJANEMIS AM}a21$0}a1C1G + GRaAIMeaasmoaans HUG $H245}M}. MMA GHOBSHTHM BaNoaiatisM}, (GBAUNNIO}OS [ISMOMAIMaj) Dam MAID) ANlsEAa}, GRE PBOMIM BVOLAaANIad8IAlOMalDoAUa) M/A Aas MALAYALAM Faun sgraarrdta Ta - TATA am ae waar fast ad sata seo Opa aon esemae (GT Arar Taare fre) WHT Use. MARATHI Cgaiacr Aoyama, woofs O-Galed moans sass Carsinfisc Sat US, UMLoTsioT 2a alajeny Caaujsailer GacinGsas gio, ser foly gailéséAenu gnagr ssracr Cod idl scr@iemw Lajos Sbonsurssleotns TAMIL BSseo DiQergd wrsiothrr SNS asSSSTS Sods BSso DHHY HQHod Owo Syainvions Myiorg SwKy Hstorers Sor dsyso Ax PSyot KayBoD. TELUGU BU EE) v2usc aansavan2. The Gods Ask Vishnu to Take Human Form as Rama gag St Feat Gar pray | feat arararg Aer sare TTT ll (1.15.17) ‘Then Vishnu, the great-souled being, having heard the appeal by the gods, focused his effulgence upon King Dasaratha as his earthly father. Te Indo-US Cub of Ramayana Readers & Researchers [ER]Tar cares are ett apart ores (AR) ar fae aT cares TOA Unies Ht sear F fare sas yere—oaa aA) Sr SET ATT cateeen at fear, weit ai car sre ary afta at cer sed ser SET UT aeett at fen sivarat po dla Rarer seh ats Ge ge: Aa aS St ga va TTS wat dh attarat a are a. HINDI cots Bade mobaaay Sq ahead sohor sows was Bega Prt monAdg, eGeasy, Ban. WI mohATG, ePesah, dost Deacia.nagn, chris, Seorbs exalt, monde, eqe s,geosd Balj, aid, ay, Satta wean, RODATAY, Rest Bari RD. HOSOI Twa sIQ, Darsoort ROA, wouda. KANNADA BMOUNMANIOIAIAT MAG 2M) G90}09G.A9901 a1IIWAWVo alHJAI1af} 1032}M}. BHOLDDAN@ONOG aIODTOMIOG EMGalaJO HHDMESO}0 NOAMND}Baolocg AIA} BM MMGARo NBS. OMG 8) aylOcdeys! calemoac AMYPMAOGHIG NSH] aM aHLwMMroawilg alejol Goro HrAcaOlen, Md. alls 80} aflenaailai0e. aims Eontila a1OMo MMs aflengjo Maal FNEBONA Sassoon GoBAI Hay ooamlnodanoDl alOlapy 6.95}O—D}. MALAYALAM RRA Fargas “SUPT”? aE AT aera TAT FAH Peat (29Ra) Ta (a1 aA) yaareterdt Prorerea werarter Farr aeeen eer. ator seer carci sratart gfaren fee a szeteardit aula ebdiett, dae Alsi faate gee dl geet apes a aed aa yore een feet. atm Alas TTA Parerear oars Serre sen are ae (fet) zara feet. MARATHI HIVS NTT Fort lpg) Maras eHsGei uTwsid uss solder Vypwd onan sesso Oanscdunclbs unwsdsAd ow unTsenuuid, uné&slycron urrgiluiley 9G UTsha9pH emMssoraAPSd. GlenGerny ysVamMss Sonswires al@idul nsGauldo undFystron uTsdHe Oo UTBOUUjL HHMI. o1eT at oy coms Guiteenestulle Re EE Tae uss AGU sarepnse unsAuycron spensCusvovd AMSG. Qdenpradpret gregr ser oresilac gaGanGagagwd unwsdons LAS SoA\ss0. TAMIL SISG Latoree Srabssnw SS Swiht omer Sods SOG Hitter Sobvins OK git They SKM. ONO ON guiine'a srigriin MOMSEA. wor AOS HAS" HN epricin Bday SSoMw. Star xoM|s Bs BOA OAS Hohisin Hho GSA. smi Q vemos Hen Sorred Habis Histoe edSorr Sods. TELUGU [56 ate3. King Dasaratha Distributes Pzyasam to His Three Wives a ateeart waft: oer ect rer) eect cratered act qarefarone | sated act at ata qafae: 1 vedh araftert cect 1 argferea gitar ante wetafa: | We aret eet Ter orator rere Yery 1 (1.15.25-27) The King then gave Kausalya half of the quantity of the payasam and to Sumitra he gave half of what was left. So that he might site still another son he also gave Kaikeyi half of the remaining portion. Then as an afterthought he again turned to Sumitra and gave her what was left of the ambrosial mixture. So the king apportioned the payasam to each of his queens. The Indo-US Cb of Ramayana Reacos& RetearchereSARTH ERT Tea FT ST 3 tart + oftra say arena cht ferret sat ala S srrner fehar, aegis + art = de sae secu at de fear shag qa dia se i. < A cine maha sistoba, maanamaa> S waied (sue) adas, dots serinccs GOAGHN, com» sokaenacd owes way acfodar, Z Mes, eae sort ach as_eb. x = J mosaraiws: (Mosad ammo (ACWIIa] BAUDIOIDM MsAno AIL < aoym, % 20} alamadeniooe Wloor9Meag,aoa MSAO}OS oMamieeIas a0) Gaatoo Zz MUG a cosarilaw coard oa.enM}, GRAIG GraIasMaM afleM ala. = = warn aeeaidia - anes aa = at (ew) area (are?) ESAT ae are oor THarT fret oral ara Tea at 2 amida aaa (Az wait). 3 Uley OTLoSt TraepoWITAT HM_ MGW PSs S stone go wires Gunedy yitoj Gros umw aubgrret. a,e1d jars Lonponus = 9Gr idioma gienedsn}; saisr Herp QrsACoCu sinGovon allapi ss © Qian. 2 Ba SAREBS rint Evie HorOoiser DS SMDSS PE Grid eros ont Ss wan eb Sspeord daoiitios' e wg GossS i H6doR%. = BE EE vee aavavann4. Young Rama Destroys the Demoness Tataka at amet dm feoarat serif | artanbafer faoarer ar Tort WATT 1) (1.25.14) She (Tataka) bolted at him (Rama) like lightning, But Rama pierced her breast with an arrow and she fell dead in her tracks. The Indo-US Cub of Ramayana Rosco & Researchesait fenfia arr waco at osteo faanita 3 wert Hereredt arpa | H ans aga Wea FAT aT Ger Gre S Waa Sa ar TH ores att Roma SAT SATS HINDI Oza,B.ad Tadd ahs, oF wor GamIyZ awamaad. (dea Wa Toez Smadar): " b sesectos oomesaimdde | mad Qed nad gag mada. SAAR ARNO. ed xodarmacd acy, urfoh eRe wx (ams nes, sat mamta’, KANNADA OIME1A16M.094.85 ANION MAarGaMl AassamW(Ho MO3a}M}. MIEW AnHOWMIaSIO oNs}QOMINe! Meme TMdaAMoMg6IBB}o BAL0HHG. DS0.H 90,0MD}x.00GM0 MemBZIed omocd algo mvamyasoons. TOMOSAIONE ABH MEMIMETHIOS aHgQO (MA0COMLE}DH GA WAiGsag0 16HBB.AD} a1OSHH}DOI0. MALAYALAM mre aT faery raraera fear Fone - ys ‘faerie’ (Panter rage eoret) es aiiaart wergar, AT zara dee |e aie. (ara) ayia (Aaa) oe wes ee. Had srara acta SAM Gar aera ae.” MARATHI AcsVAMASAI oro vayroomr Hage Me uldA sola 2 AMevamdsA0} EG epeal_or Gancronn}) yup Wis Glaus! wrest ocr S Gsudseflorna lis wAlpsA sim peer. maa, Sedge ateverm SZ wiscnapid 2eim_na Gud. ctor walypssule woos prot ctéveor wibSN- AdvAgiBectuLd 215s Sodas CurdGperr. 2 deghyhth mbox nod Ayndige 2 Seid seQORN & weetosiror! dip Sq Dos SoSH Bor. whys Oy eso SOoc ms! iw Sh BOHLIS AS Baygrow GHoQeNo. BE LE) van nasvavans5. Vishwamitra Trains Rama and Lakshmana UngEtsfer ag t Wsga FEET: | vicar usar qetl eerereantor saat: ut (1.26.2) (Viswamitra vowed) “O Prince of great fame! I am extremely pleased with you. May every stroke of luck be yours. Out of my great happiness I am going to confer upon you alll the miraculous astra-weapons.” Te Indo-US Cub of Ramayana Readers & ResearchesSTH ERT SSCA Bl ASIA Us SALA Se BT A eH HEAT auftast areca wi fh ama & vara Asa ae S aries sre at ae off fe SS ta aera hat ca aed 2. sire oe erat a S Saar oa Ge aM site Se SUT Us BT Ue Schegars Sheaet YA: re at TT. HINDI dosha wahe,roNg wad,od aoaiaiay, sovdosa\cd. Sd, Taba movmTd) tae Sacagd BS, -- OrHFe Sam, Sad 8 monden sod AMAD (URE, Joba Deg assed KANNADA ANdIOM Od (lesag Wene}alsMa}o MalWiMlo}n0M Gearelaw 2061 24}095}.99}M}. DaOIM DSO LOEMMDID Gaveaiyoesall MIA OaiT9aoons eoeIE1,aM@ow!l HA9NEIGLS}M). DaneceoAaoM1aB0s, aHNqwlnWléro, 630120609}Ga10ANo HIUMIBAVNDIGOHAUBIO] GAHI0IJHOS AOANo 2000) Mails HVimjHwo smad. MALAYALAM TAT Tea MAC ATI —----—---- AAA (Her) dyad coral aera TIT (sera) Faye TAT are caret feaet art. dt ar (ATA) fee. MARATHI IMLoy Bancownrona Cambpletenro srudsHOANGHS) alHlalsacd SKGUTEPg! Uo Crainentd samiaend ungde apy.wirgevenrss Bubs, ibs LonGUGBE Sauer sieaMadenu ster GurAerienu (gTL0}) unpssry. ajaverflosr SOLD Fain sjaonon LpSLsr Georeiuicienrs gSAUIGS 51 TAMIL Wit wrens ebdin§ SOA BE GrILTODS ees S65 Sihoorr, AswsHsigir SHosdd oGysSHS Taxys’ Gsrorhins Pmt Sede. TELUGU BN LE) vsti ravavana6. Rama Breaks Ahalya's curse of Invisibility eat a Tera aaa { \ citarit aarna gftiieat rat: i (1.48.13) ‘There he [Rama] beheld what even the hosts of gods and demons could not see, the great lady ascetic [Ahalya], whose penance had rendered her dazzlingly beautiful. The Indo-US Club of RarTa are ST eer Tes GAA Ses S Haha A Te 9 ware tage" Haat eer ser er on, Hoe Her (ta) aes He, TT = Pet ae aT Te eM aT Soran sie see Ta eens se ATA OT Sie Te fear”. < OQ wats, Gam wedsnpr, xcgobay romd 8nsO, xidainasad S (wom nates mgatocas ) :" mar dostsh, evebs.con, woch abrayahrd Sends wand, Z nash. moa ucla 28, feotb, dori, dod awe, v sro "aes" oocb SAO a.” ee 2,93, oe cf x : AMAMaMI@zIAI AIDe 29JO}9A,IN0}MEa903_ 9} AN} 1eNGMIM}o Z__ HNNZS}GM 2391010) TVIM, > (EaMaaanoaoe0di a0d.29}2.003) Goad ax OHIO O0.0cNAO;MERI QFAN210 SF Aled SeSaoIOled (IMJoaiog|g SalerdajsIO|AMADSInQoBGTMIHS aoclnWS) J G, QAAhaLveedaramyo soenssmOIMIes &s—IOA} VID ogpeM} Go1yo 895). War aaa sta awa aah geht AAA & dae ae aon onan) AT Aa aia ere, Aer APPT HOTA : Um Feri areca ara At ater sae. Qaraj Hlovrd 2 aprGumaps) Somsoow (LydueNGHg!) serticou plesfluler Sir e@oysev = Soenmte Capen x figs stb abn semanas Aamraio m5) "aperGanns = bret prot yydleow 2 apg Clarina GS UTES), HG Gluck @iphong, 2ciptd SL soienuisr gafilGs: Couofiiur Lac. gjaiencn gn5A assis Canes), Yidleou eochLipsslCarar. yb soutien gialuded searLaienenCus “oongs” step lug Gi_er.”” BD BSS hhittorer goomhd ciysbotir wriid wes bE TSO D “Sih ciriigirad chayiin, SOeiysin Doinsbodir aeND Bots MAE a¥ wOS oHoN08. SND a Teribol FESO AS ©2 SH BAW” Od ad¥ sistorer SOB. BE LE) vsti raven7. King Janaka, Ploughing in a Field, Finds Sita in a Furrow \ aN \ \ aad pra: at orgeng Shera we | aa aterrar cer are Stat fazer ui (1.65.1) [King Janaka recalled:] “ And as I was tilling the ground, a girl-child came out from under the plough. I gathered her up as I cleared that field, and I have named her “Sita” after that furrow. The Indo-US Club of Ramayana Readers & Res:aftare ant qe alsa atte ater sat elt wa A et ET oma fra a tert Unt qe Sract got adh er ot adt ah A ss EET aS aftr > arart d sar fear sit Set ogy Ue eT erat Sa Sa aT STE ST vars fa, way et cost Fe wa, ga rgd ca at ese chr alge a tae S. HINDI crab son,dO, sefobah, tegsicd. OpbtosO, waAd NeysmO casbad, mao wacd Seems da, vd moynod & Baal, 23,dad. uci aadahed wv smO, sosoday wNodwN avon, Darah, Boab ade Hompodss. KANNADA MIMINVIMABAGWIGMIG (Hosa AAO WleNsIONIo1. AMMlOsMG eMIAMaieas GoM@lrvadMaMD, EAEnAoVEMIw e208 GrMo@o EMMANG POO IAIN AIBaj EMIENs HAS] COMIAMOMNID A1GMWI9}AO}o Salm). MALAYALAM ‘Aiton eterrcttet yor tao =A mearaed wa cle Fad Aaa At TATA (TAT) & (fsa) TT meat Seat I Tea A SAAT AT aM HS AT. MARATHI HMLDF (add) Gumi. ule GaudDwen_ 31 Bagsenw Gums 1G Gusset Ford WSs ayplsCancimarton gm}, sibs Adena veauns Qu s sudgAooij. uv Hulydsoodauoraujac uid sarang GeSwdGuICS, ood) gidHW Ups, Bhs weflsfd 2 Fs.0j, HSH amipsoui obs LiewLoret allele prGempplenng. a1GuTEpss 251 Cufu ald pHald 94-531 Qoeimn_muitpoy. TAMIL Ureint 45 Geet ois bv FYB BOS SEY Sige Soro Saige BoSoidchosrr Simso¥s Gott © 84 FSxinw eSdorr H8 Sdw. eSrs oF (S89 OAD errr’ Hiiby) Heys Botorr DEA. TELUGU BB vans pamavana8. Rama Wins Contest for Sita's Hand in Marriage by breaking Siva's Bow URadt FACS IEA WAS: | anivad & eater acta Teg: 1 statin att a qearara dietary | AS aT erqed aetet Hera: "I (1.66.16-17) The virtuous descendant of Raghu [Rama] easily lifted high the bow as thousands looked on. Having raised it, that mighty one set taut the string, whereupon the great bow snapped in two. ‘The Indo-US Club of Ramayana Readers & Researaftr ait dhe ar rare War are 4 ret ost Sha ar ater aa al iad eu cher" See! A a Ata Ht aT ott aduet ea eda ant. dar ana aha sas at aera a ae". HINDI Dem - Aes AMS. (Gees WAR Sabarby, ):" ache cS, Ha BY,aey, Sao aexd crabs mokeco, ROMS. SEAL ALLOA. HM,YOM oop Uomo. wae g, WA.” KANNADA (210909HO}o WIMD}9SM}0 aflaidano (BM@Ma0000R001 aNoMIale@ogs) DM aa 208 WIO. wow Maowdo0i OM. aQAO SBMEMBPMENo Mog o15}H001. OaIog Malas. Memsosd rodqy PaJ/01O\6BBBJo DENGIAAS. DAUBLOS Ao Wal} ho. MALAYALAM wa ict ata fare Ateat (a) & argit ear tet Saray ett Geerfenheoh eet ane. far erat J aad & Fem ad alee Gre west aed. MARATHI or8.51T - GrTLo aileurremLd COmggT gens} Yorepmagi_ot Gsncrent}) cow GuenemréAu Bibs EOE Siromisenen 9 cran_cit BHHHS Sanioipy Cisaionraurct. Qlarenon gress Aaincit. ensonuits Lid Gamer. 2 cst eravoort Lomieson(upto 2 cine. TAMIL Berorine Seyeaiio SS Sistrrar DNAS “AGA ar Sieg AS. wad | SurgeyerOs. Sade hySoorsn. fh ©) DePS ahr PS, Si BOD das’ seyermsin” © HOB. TELUGU BB) ve snnsnanarans9. The Marriage of Rama and Sita ea cha wa aa Beentat aa | Udtes Sat ae to urfet apetter unfrar 1 (1.72.17) [King Janaka smiled:] “Here is Sita, my daughter, your companion in the discharge of your duties. Accept her. May all good things betide you both. Take her hand by yours”. ‘The Indo-US Club of Ramayana Reader acres EZTAMIL MARATHI MALAYALAM KANNADA HINDI TELUGU mn FETT CAA BAT SATA AY JHU SH Ve TEU HLA ae fers HAT Tae THT SUT! TH AO ae I eT a seers fea at aN, aa: YS sant ha —aed 8 as care Te eT" Bassa coavart somoxmdacarioms Sedan (GECB wee,coaciad ):” Dead A, wPorbeded wewended acsmsanodd. SB 00n, BAPESS sockeend SetabO, civatons aicinotay, aeeomaaarh", BQ2OLOMaANIOIZ2001 (MIOIMGMIS AVoan2AaVMo avila.clsaoad BHU Haj s}am. AQLO! Coa! Mody nemncmessgod MILO (ANOS (A1ABJo ABH. MAM}a4409 GM}. MOMJOSONE DY ao MsalHOOG MaN}oS GMADooaIsowOoo @JA100829 A101, Woan7MMaGad0DsMo MS@mIDEHo. arr Feet rarer seer Faron (carat araren sift) (@ 41) oq deat weve, aah TAA Sete Tae are. (Tart aa fiat nee) OT Gerda Feder q eee sae ae. SEISI MLM Ht USA qhmis Gancrons Cercaysed (5085 abypidsgu or Oensiiooij) “aci@len_w wihensuner eve Geontisonne lbs. Menger 9 cosfid wodpalpniach. 9,5Ger Lyohu Hebd mulGsSrd Oss weve prof @orayst usalonw € gms Qasnéraumusrss". SECitS Tiiwd oWtsissio SHYOIPOD sFedeo BEifoth TVD SoP Bort “& rir! OH Sthainod Gao Fixx sddir 780 Fotos BBD. Sos od High AYS Ossns OH aise SEEPRQSH Seay” wD Sox. \VALMIKI RAMAYANA10. Dasaratha Asks Rama to Assume the Throne waa aa: Tora: CaS: | eng we goratta stares sraregie: (2.3.24) [Dasaratha urged:] “Since you, by virtue of your own goodness, have so endeared yourself to these subjects, receive therefore the office of heir-apparent at the time of conjunction of The Indo-US Club of Ramayana Readersrent (ret) set erat ares at at Bee Ferm at are ent ou Hear "SHEN | Sarge Ga & VHS Hen care FT aTHT tone ft &. adt seg aaa ono SS SA ET or ST Sh, STAT Seo ot et are.” HINDI showdoso vnede F,vectort wwQ, Sewdasad. (sopdoss wQ ma!) "th eagaes mhavohe | Reh asdgark, designe HB, Semoun, ote, Séon, ada Boras, sa@ymn me Acad, ty dab. Rey SwRI SramAoe, am eso MUS Habosd.” KANNADA ANLO HHHCHOIND Qaieawnlaayam}. AMNEMHS Palesdo. GMIEWO BMJAMODoM DET OMaeGaOl! GsaIMI0}0 GHATYHOMOoJo Davies MSM WavavawO0}, Wess3}0S CladlarIsseGoIIAID 400 Lnaand00RIA Maelo oars} AlosRED SodaTlaanene MADHoETIG. GD one) Ao eInQoOs AAIT1Ad BAIGIOD}OS GReIaYsIBG MSO ToWIaDJo. MALAYALAM Woh separa wae aa agi act (fara sector Gen fee) “@ areadt! war egal ea a ara area ged gat art a feet aed (sitet) éa aw @ APPA Aver ae.” MARATHI LbSeny prev] maCaulsGe ysSALOg) sr MIBOv (wbpoy msCoulde Gursdsrery aAop_sroluirot GueimocmGu! sensi Lads Craraia7 wsssHer Gung andaolis @yoinG aycrscna OHIUSHUGSS!. Sinasenond CoH auras @sisrroir sflurrost sqnoswrd." TAMIL Hoss sostordd Bdonw Sox# aie & wthgsomrer Sdon! darhtho es ahs cmgvind? seats A SHAS Dot Steiner MOBainew od Ho Stoeosin, ©D shosss Host ashe. TELUGU BE EE vs.sirs ranavann11. Manthara Advises Queen Kaikeyi at at carat qe at caretsearg | ft cane werent tself ar arHfHAT U1 (2.9.21) [ Manthara advised] “O Lucky Lady! Remind Dasaratha of the two boons he promised you during: the war between the gods and the demons. This is the time to recall them.” The Indo-US Ci of Ramayana Readers & Researches BEYTAMIL MARATHI MALAYALAM KANNADA HINDI TELUGU ma TER ah ah BAT ETAT Sa Sh ALTA aT ATTA TERM barat ar vee "aie eaare aot Sire aoe Se Ses ae Feat At ret uaa at tae ast aa cose Haren Safes ae feta Pett ate ay Gas aT aah. t aedt é fe sire ars drat fer ve ae" anede 8 dects oes Gzidgiday adc dortvah, Bacieledord unemabch. (oaede B,8e0bs HoBades Tama Aae,AoieN Bomonsaenvso Ronmde,cy, BHobO. wofod waredaywey, mtoqedoinn mdsadobay, mesadzcomnd. RT Brwudrede yesh oimemuaiygedo. ma caorke madd mat doe Ramobaambd es". DHACAD] BHEMEMIS MMAd NBAl@ alos eons}o MIdM0an9 299% BHU $904J5}M}. O06 HHAcaO1 BOoINEMDS alo~jM™}. aoDAd TAMJoMo MIla@laj ASO} Wea}, BoGBEmo eyo, BoAyWWUT aso CvoaAIVVd GoTWaOSSOUAG ATES! aloo sO OBOaM sloisoasowVoDl avvas. HMIHHT aonamaimaonemia Gmo@s9o~8 aHEl Gq PS}HBIo DalYoMo: DHIOIMAG 2]HN}DOO GOLado. GHEBDIGS asond Mlaaiaioaoe sng} A1OSIBBJo BM) 4=HI08 Galodlao}T). wohl saa wer eereras a ae aaa Ser aa ee AAT AAT AS ao aH TA let TY sear Was are ae Brora Farrer A wea aT Arar Bera. pre oaCaul FET SMLLd Qoinh) anmsct Cari Cros os Caul QyeinG auncracr Ca tnen) “moc Go Sucwolurss Usletreins, AULibscd geion_enyesru soidsAed, son. epy sds), womdr Bgarsv Lote Lo sds amp CarcinHud. obmrd saG somrullerG ugacr Qoransonrs aati CaisinGd. prot Qneopw PetCo jmoeysys heuer alarartavssong, aypidilés 2 gajCoucir.” wd Edon 586g tatreni Both Soren Seoéo WPS Sthimentd HossHSimen WHI, o¥ Sjsiw Gdow aoyroab smvspyNSsoossin dod SSegind® NESS. PnSoG shosren Storr FHI oMSorerr SepHasin ass. TDD GSEs eorishot Sowpiat Si Kyahorr SYOoASw! ON SSon SDB. \VALMIKI RAMAYANA12. Queen Kaikeyi Demands Two Favours From King Dasaratha art asta thas saves | wa da aad ward wad aF Il (2.10.28-29) [Queen Kaikeyi offered:] “Let Rama become an ascetic and for fourteen years in the Dandaka Forest let him wear matted hair along with his deerskin and bark garments. And, brooking no opposition, let Bharata become heit-apparent. shall this very day assist Rama's departure for the forest”. The Indo-US Club of Ramayana Readers & Rese:MARATHI MALAYALAM KANNADA HINDI TAIMIL > Qo = a a Ee sftra ara arabe cht ait—aitee oat ay arava cat fearargean Caco eT wernt achat aor sear "Sar | qa ar ae sear Ut Sah Set Ser OTe aes ET cee asf & aa vara & fee years wt. aT-waR & a, yal, ats, wit a aftat S TR Ss HA ST USA WS OT ET Tada mosspSesaon F,Feowod, BAmow, Saenvno Bdmoranadedow SmBoay, wasoyBad. (corde ¥,gect onsbart wef, avocbescd :) " emoocs, Read Ad, Sotfad ectestateh, atutaapse cian mOmajth. Sad, Ones, vO Somer, Haerisd achaleh. Poss sacnonomxdaay wOovOos, 3 U2 Roxie] OSmG — Og, UE, OE aha, vanes, eve, once, ethos.” 99A6AO1 CINEMIS aflMoafadg a}301a,905M0 QeMdamlaa}m}. AOGHO CODEMS a1OwD}M}. 1 Mack GVaysou} GRBs cmalnmosns. aeeqao TMOG GYLsMOMJ Wa] M1 AGAMA! alGario MIasMEAMUGIHIOS AMONG AIMVIADEM, GOEMAo GOMSWIODSHsAB, CLA, AONB, GHMaB agariar 0063 MaLAdnD HD EAOMAIOIERJo BOOB BEDS. fea TAM fatten areardt yar eit (cof seal caret efi) (re) “gear afscirear arargare q_aara st safer dia od fears vet. (a aretasia) aa aya a za, ecil,ae ar Ae AM Bie AMAT AeA TT HIT.” Drom maGaulet Cencvuy, IrLot uglasraTg agi. acranrevsengs ADIOS WY ost GMs Carcirenser Grew enaGau s,eemult” 1 act) "senmumds 9 cit wibanguledr au" anonanu gb—s Aan), anh Vann Unt, GronRouiny,. wand, arin, avius, waerroire, aGLiisd aidlis CaicnGin. clrauwiiis odors, SPlengacr, ogre, unenerac Glopis Gorse Cressler wlbononseda unser aidoabs: aA 2yeneutatr.” wreaths Bdow orth SOSty SaNenid Sosoro Shas MSALAFHTOS' wofivoordes “DS bo SE PITY FBO, © eepPto etiHow SH Saye’ Sossoren ASSSS. PSword KSSH GOSH, O, GH, Ketwos’ Dray Ss Ta Ssorray Hos*wssmiood BOS Oor%.” 69 1d Sbav rswNs BOADS \VALMIKI RAMAYANA,a fest figiere aon aa weary | and wager va aaifit asa Ti (2.16.24) RE: BAA TATET TTMAAAT | aRRaaHAlul PasRAR OTT Il (2.16.26) [Queen Kaikeyi commanded:] “ Abide therefore by your father's edict and obey his word. Go so the forest and remain there for fourteen years. . . .Bharata will rule from the Kosala throne the land so rich in precious gems, horses, chariots and elephants.” The Indo-US Cui of Ramayana Readers & searches EEFMARATHI MALAYALAM KANNADA HINDI TAMIL > oO > = a = ainra ant arth gaat at Abaca al Grae Sat ter aa Years ho at ar Ut ae attra ar ret at at same "Sat: far sit Se eden ser Tera ET SaTHT site Ae Stat aT ade ¢ atts a aT, oft, Tea anit cer cae ewe. Sa ates aah aa Ht waa aT Berar fica area cite Ss. SAT Tae AS ATER ASAT HT OCT SHAT TET. cashed chrbarlacd 34 and Pxdt ooob Sevascd. (crabs Bx, mrowt Aetod aechans 2)" Be Gasinge, Der ae, ma cemeoda, mmOnidee>, O8orid, eda ait catia abab, 38, odede UnanA ; mortohe rho, Zeal, 3g, abe, agorte wys8e eNcsas. sad sou Xosdnod mart Ede smROR, deere 0 obe mrimnch, Sous ad, wef abet, aad zhdea.” BYAMAOID GAA BODAVEIHM ALAIWIMeafla] eon03 WMonn041 Maem}. DOOOGAN! aOoailacg GLA SAINDo sMIMJo GOM}MMPGaJ 019}. 00M, 00820 A (W1IHBIS TVIOTIOZo GaioMsD HO}AYo aggBOa‘BeNjo WBU1EM}o (aBJAN}o GERI? AOAMEY ToAIGMOo THAMaAYMOD] AIMA!VS MSGMNMEVDakHo, HOB GAD WHS HPMle!aK4o 98.81008.0,01.0900. Rial aera Ata eA TAM fear ery Aca (2 Arar aaraeae aoa.) “ay onfer At arom caren aT. Fra a gs vat creat ot (7 UH) TAM, Tsao eae aed. AT aa arma dar ad wer. ae AT gait seer Ut aaa.” GeraGw 2 Gamer prom Qarcoouul _OGbs! gmt allen Quibmis Qamerrencs. Oma} Bar SMUG © H\PHuoMhs snd) “Hs aie QuetroenAGw! Sruwewlo, rand gnegralle generrenu lenmCarnssor Gaicin(io. q@enafe, .aiG5 onegr, Kenta}, FG, SMVaHO mL. JiaGy adononqyd yA yuu. pre ds, Loaips Huot smug. uglemsng auc mscr aCCus. Ds aciLyord wrod 2 mixer ani sensaenond smcwumpwiGarcr.” Wrst thi) HOSS S) Ties histord Hy SoH ATH (orate SS DYocinky OB HAsoors) “6 Spay Seo! kis Sk wars egui BSIromD. PH DPE seh Ok HS Sear: rots, aH eHASH0N & TEMNS Lior. Sk Lie Hod hos" Sayentd NossHoren LIS Kea. © Stoso | Soyo SALivo” © Urine SOs Bop Taye. \VALMIKI RAMAYANA,14 Rama Bids Farewell to His Mother, the Distraught Queen Kausalya war da wae waded tee fag: I wat wat qe: de: weet gare Ty soit ¢ wero wT wnt fig uate: eee aay det it (2.21.13-14) [Rama reassured his mother:] “O Blessed Lady! You and I must both obey the king's command, for he is both king and husband, guru and lord; he is ruler of all. I will with great delight spend the fourteen years in the forest. Afterward I shall carry outyour wish”. ‘Te Indo-US Cl of Ramayana Reads & Researcersofa and aa Ware Og Star Al acer TA MT TIF TeTTAT Chart cedar Ae dart ort oft sites S Ger fe rare BP itt gait At ore Sat aac der Bae VaR IT ed S HINDI voahad reer mobaoda, FOr mar Reeraad, taoismasja acdoin modoiee, hoparoomasabobod sodas, chst a, xyes Tosbaay, evckebacieh — Saaorcieabes cones 3 mcbertobay Set Poxses?". KANNADA DEAD WAI MaMsBANAMMA WIM MEMS Gal9G1a9}M}. OMBdqyooAMEyMoe adomoaleMos VIG @lxk0.000 OWA}. GSO agews MOI BOMMADTA BID TAMsoMI1006 aoaND! wolanjmas? MALAYALAM ara TG are aoa TATA ete Tee Peat (ata area ete eo) “Stree wee! sae aa eo a fiepta ava Sa aq rag a1?” MARATHI Hosds, Stier sO anssAHS 5SGbS 07 2M gQyonr_ouw Aovoflw Grioj 2 Fall Oewaov. tas, Seow unjmass Crajaald Apssagna Monin sor BrUsenct CETsAs Cancironnan. "amg.c amepid susvallacr cig Bibs Losayfl 2 en_aonen 9 Hg CamcnAlpniaci?” (rary) sraim De Gosaiong.ostmeit) TAMIL SSPE PDE SEoibHE wrints 4TH Ssabdsrdo Awd Sage ethos wsdsow Sod Im BoOahdabdsd KostywrarGB SS Warsow 6 Capris 58 SOx, TELUGU | so Re15 Rama Helps Sita Put on Bark Clothing for Their Forest Sojourn tardrsufar satiate | coer Sie seater Haat TraAeAE (2.33.10) Sita addressed her lord who looked to her like the sovereign of the celestials, “ Just how do sages in the forest wear garments made of bark?” The Indo-US Cub of Ramayana Readers & Reseacnes ERDSH aA GL eT a] Ca Mola Cet steal ees cata te Stare Sa AT eT HS FU GRAD FS ast at atch ECTS AT ahd st HT aie ga van are A tee ae we aT US Be AT, HINDI mabosa & shasiday, (om>, eg, OF f0) dae, kOABnom Batra denn, wodneei,os morioed> tow Omaad. ans eeobay, mOms,, MUHoIn CGA Hedoha wad Serleon Laer Lerma. bomOaned mata, aod Spada. KANNADA MNLWMIAG aMlBOSdMegpB W}a\IMd 0}M}Eo12}0 AOD eNom MCWIWSAD aNOCOMAH 89S189}M}. Wooo BEG cM] EMoS), BM.09;5900 aNMenwsl, ERoleaine 2AOIOHHY BOSlap). aHBElo LMMS0 al3—}S8Mm). MALAYALAM saerarht (waar wart) wea aaa BAA 7 Antes a. erardtart art cpt Taran warti aeart Tard aS aes era (azMT), MARATHI robs; Lj sgonsct let Gamo elpas (SLOTS) THES AGUITSAMIAAGHS! Qg-s Ascdgusdr. dmoefdt enomTanU JO. OA} rod zanct érGor oO oO GsGomiy. GAlngaoner Qered Corsvoracs GCunss, gneisng.oomar. TAMIL Sothohe etoihO0 Hi aes Siodorrr eArggiocd SHFHMBSe TED SELTVTo SHH Hive Sxjoerbouirr wrok ©8 KGINGS SOABBS. TELUGU BO LE) vats eanavann16 Sumantra Drives the Trio from Ayodhya as Townspeople Follow THe a ae: HAT SAA TT AT qari gary aie wtearara ARF: It (2.35.35) Carrying out the command of Rama and leaving the people behind, the charioteer unpes “= horses to move along even faster. The Indo US Cub of Ramayana Rosco & Resear EESfisrenst Te art site, Stara cern ar Lanta Ue Gera SAI EAT aire at are eu A ae Pores Te Bt ST Ce GaN SI Sa ita aH eT Same eu mer" S sft ae ase ark fed sate Vter Ae . gare F sot war Sar HE? T Hera | TTT aew TANT 2, ST SAT Tah S VT aH ST Sant, aa Osa Ts ae at.” HINDI Thala & ahasort mob Acasa. Ross MBCrv0d hax e asc, Boas, waaay eOons Swatch Seeds - "we Tom! os Baers ast edargcomne. AaTRN OmoweO? RNS msn, Goons we shmewnm | ss oer) ages. ad, ax, ee ATO. em AQT Bh. Wy ae Rese". KANNADA }01GOIS}H9011 (/}a908 aso~w}M}. MaaMapEhoDMe SaiTG, Ojo GoOla ayioewoos alosmrO."aagJew@o e020! DP MNelo MGMGB.05 CMGWIADSOIHOS. OG Memon ,Ga1snal aaDoascgeno? FMLJEWO AadIM}S0A!! GAGA} MOND. MY Goo GNsImB@,S@oen}. Waiso AAO}, TOABL GHSBOIOS GMAHO}0, GREAT G6IBB}OS 0080/0" MALAYALAM Ue oT fear aed ees TST aT ata gaan aenied sree Ye aren rere, “At eT geared ae oa AE. ATT aid Ga ard aa. @ Herd are Gas ars He? a aT I a aes are MARATHI Gama epawHaGid © sajsov i aie Ven), Gamer ss sissonpuot gmiospons sapels — Gamoin() Qarrainanrrair'ymon! Qybs S1By 2 treme AGud ype Bude” GGio! wrrair Com arcitor Astin CarcinGin? 9 FESS Booey! LSToSUTET, Hujsrd Fbdw olyGor! Obs ongurd 2 tisepenruGs . Gls semen. piniscr DIF EhOLw Coucnavdangiact, Giscrsiokr cresereoLw crenLomTast.” TAMIL Hiro einIhO8 SS SwFairr wbyoises 1S CHO SHS SISEns ihisved oD TAHOE oe DGorr SOSA. “, Ora Ss Growry dw SGrIyT Do. Sih NH sosMrilabhow? LAH! esos wBsosPs op{egreo SOAS & SPbo! S wagiin 86, 609 S6SOow. shivow db orvvosin, 4 sors maby.” TELUGU BN EZ) vc nanan17 Guha offers Assistance to the Trio aad: daofeass yet wearafeg | aoratearr aed we fea sacar F (2.44.12) varnd & Heraret waanfaer wet | ae em rary Tat Brey TS Weve A (2.44.14) ‘Thereupon the greatly concerned Guha embraced Rama and said, “O Rama, let this place be as Ayodhya for you. What may I do for you? Welcome! O mighty-armed warrior, this kingdom is yours. Rule overit. We are your servants, you are our master.” The indo US Ci of Ramayana Reacos & Researches FlSiar Sh are Sat tr cht eat ara arttelt (am) At rem ere ae et ay alae Feet (tar) A aa StS rear aad BU er "S Sat ata | re AL ft sits ar S APT aT Saree oT orate Wea at ores a et aa F clare srs Tar areata Tals SH HINDI acsoin Nomaor Sond Swwayad. emeried, Gatdoin Sob Decent, svowtes Acgoio Fx, Barden, worm, wad Tortobey, surhsbacid: ee ea, & ioralword sizes 8, 3E ‘o8sety, we, ecient Dw, Way, too! 28, Zod mes sash, WO, woth Adm Feomambsiay ". KANNADA MIM MoMmacsailaw (aismalaa}mM}. MBDA GONG aw! aHOOIMea jw MIMIGBAM NoMnaD Malla] aja LonaceEQoos DlUH00 (uOSGOO2. HISD Gaal! Ov ahoewioamawad alleole.goo!l as BAO OIE2\0 CIGlaa& EMSIWIG3 6M 8G1a9034)S] GBA MAID ago) BMANSHM (ate 18 OOH] a19S00. MALAYALAM Aion ieter sory za. Seat 4 (a, wen a ata ara) eater Fes vores et Fear Ata FT AST SETA TTT, “@ taal oF aa Tes (aren) wea front az A wa ae @ ae ote Grea) aA. MARATHI HOS SIMS Bhan CacinHsc. SLUEPSH HO Wangs, Gh) ApdOHle aus esr, soir Qi onssencnupd Hold sid AsnainG Aeremtiuissrct. "CoM walsjaaila Apbsagnet Qlauj Amc cr AGO, Sagen_w grQgAwseng, Acovours Quid leit, wrest comyuigupd ous 2 thisenen LysSICGLickr." TAMIL 8 Horr 488 Germ imodyorso ah 56 sty BOxSovsd ©2088 wank LF 6% Dow SHOP BS Korr rQO & Dorr Sos Bode. “& Gel Se Htaigis Qs" ve crag BOA HoasHe HOssoyadin Sige SQ) ern dm. TELUGU BE ET vac rawavanaqt it are ar ete es, WI GAT SS Se afte SF ST are STAT @ aerag WH! hart TeT AY Gea at qe ae wend at sik hast TT A gas aT a 2 aif var at arene at it set Wa Seal fea eet Ee Te sae ae Sat aT © orate, 8 me csi 3x, eos maida, Socdtnom gis, coda a, smMmaos. S oe age | smee, y,mocind Akayhodide ax, aclabyndaiay, hechajeh mgy,", aocb J afeetan, wots detdatah (ae sheOe, monica), 108), ch:edOod age Biya. x a Q99MG9}MNaj aflame] BeMmaMse0z2001 GROIA aaNmn01 Grams, Zz Miao aeiay. S anango, ¢ao e905! aemlaomom emoav2ea1, aod anjaMoam ami oranda} < &, AQ WMlals000 Alleiaila] GHOIA BYalomoal axonaN0o0K0G% «As << wnjomve alella)). = = area SOT TT eae ey, iS UA, Te ea aes aT at eee (Gita) BM Say (ataq) sea ANT! ato Zar TT = zara sacar are Tea. Dr=gn FEST Lwoend Apnbs) Set snudsens plenaralley Gareinh) 2 S.ulj alas. = ongon g8085 "“eQuGamm! grom! uevapsron ensaenct 2 enw CunjoiyGen!, 6 = aGaGar acigen_u Qeusogs woos Gaiw epyssacr! gpuGamm” crops aGges5 sia Qobend. 2 B86e taittoe 85 opts wIrD Liss Démour MoBSENd Mido D “ears & Or! & Sistarser TW KS a Sy Sain adasssnosh eGryl” wobr ch:psing* Depo oy adem, __ [so 219 King Dasaratha Dies Broken-hearted After Recalling a Curse Upon Him Br WaT HATaTEY ST ATA | Wor carer: Thay SiaTATTTAT I (2.58.56) “Alas! O Rama! O thou strong-armed warrior, the only one who couldlift my heart! Alas!” . . . Grieving thus, King Dasharatha breathed his last. Te Indo-US Cub of Ramayana Readers & Researches [EX]wa htar a share cen a Fe aga tothe oat Galea aed EU Her" SHH PTYAT | BMT rae aT AST Saar ay, Fae org Sh se UST ME HS Aha US TTS" FINDI WOSa Toad asd, OF, rom, wad SAGemAd, oMmaiad. (Bosh maar Sona Beewar) — "ve mmsunosma mesyse, DEG AomeAaaA, wooden, aan Reds: con,yROaITED Mey Way ag, ALA. KANNADA 22M AIMOMaLIOM coMeIAtinaEMAn9He aond CoMEMIS GnEesdmol a9}M}. OEM COIS BIEL IayUMs Coeayo AdlenemMo. GRY MEMOS 2RAMCIDS OM. (IRIAITIANLINGONA GHB] MAM MIEN) aH QjoooadonzJ0 GOWNS. MALAYALAM TA 2 ae Ata saat STA ATA sitere (HA _Fz) (or aren steps wore) “F amrpee (zen)! & Peers (Gea) A. ard gaeareat az (#1) MARATHI LIHAT TLD VEHLOCHTTFEOEN Db AUST aro VF VATIA STAI. eB (ung omocfib Gencrenni) “ysAuled Apis anedcvaGan! Bie =z aMidanrsardens aHSgis Ganchemmiscr Lomumguytd sions Apter. Biss oqaCs A yus sebsars.” 2 Bidets Wri Oxmor 0 eters sioind SDaioe 2 Piet Und Sos xx “ DALSOsUDS seoey (Ord)! Se HowsSwrQ eHO'Sr00, & Oey Ld BOA Bow. 8 TIS te wars SOS Dow No ssdeyEs” © SOSH. BE ED) vans ravavann20 Bharata Finds Rama and Lakshmana in Their Forest Retreat o¢ Usd Fee Baa omer FE | MATa sarHeeT SiteeT UftoTeTy I (2,104.13) [Bharata addressed Rama thus:]‘“O wise Kaku throne, re-establish it. Only you are capableoften set aeorargennt Creat ea cht arate art stare at ROOTS SRT AT Sar SHO FELT Tae ae ita S aes wat VEIT ee FU sa VaR ater" AT ngs tae Wea aS ae wT Rae oe: Sa aS Wat . HINDI Bdsm Toads mDdeNeoodr vosnedt Losdmajad. 3a adashedd enabenday, Bas, grow (Woss Boime does): "si Res song sa, aa, wepaD Bagaowsared aa soes BaTAoosar. soa mambeneay, Bowes, samaneod ON, Bi Td ey Cosa WANs Said ave Hecadays a”. KANNADA wool INA 2193}2,6083 DLIMICEIP] God ENEWIarsWIGAIAd aSsH3}M). OMNoBeMlea1ed ono a10B}A6 Wlogleaig] MSM eo@d oo}20M/89}

You might also like

• Sri Bhuvanendran of Cherukol, The Boy Sage of India

  

  Document15 pages

  Sri Bhuvanendran of Cherukol, The Boy Sage of India

  DrThrivikramji Kyth

  100% (1)
• Renaming of The Dept. of Geology, Univ. of Kerala.

  

  Document6 pages

  Renaming of The Dept. of Geology, Univ. of Kerala.

  DrThrivikramji Kyth

  No ratings yet
• Reimagining Sustainable Development

  

  Document7 pages

  Reimagining Sustainable Development

  DrThrivikramji Kyth

  No ratings yet
• • Magazines
  • Podcasts
  • Sheet music
• Geostatistics Added To MSC Geology Course.

  

  Document2 pages

  Geostatistics Added To MSC Geology Course.

  DrThrivikramji Kyth

  No ratings yet
• Sponsored Research Projects - New Modalities, 1983

  

  Document2 pages

  Sponsored Research Projects - New Modalities, 1983

  DrThrivikramji Kyth

  No ratings yet
• Report On Reuse of Abandoned Quarries and Mine Pits in Kerala

  

  Document90 pages

  Report On Reuse of Abandoned Quarries and Mine Pits in Kerala

  DrThrivikramji Kyth

  100% (10)
• Need For Strong Decision Support (DS) Systems in A Changing Climate

  

  Document45 pages

  Need For Strong Decision Support (DS) Systems in A Changing Climate

  DrThrivikramji Kyth

  No ratings yet
• Sediment Bound Organic Carbon in Ponds of Palakkad, Kerala: Case of Sequestration by A Heritage Water Structure

  

  Document6 pages

  Sediment Bound Organic Carbon in Ponds of Palakkad, Kerala: Case of Sequestration by A Heritage Water Structure

  DrThrivikramji Kyth

  No ratings yet
• Coarse and Fine Aggregates: Future of Kerala

  

  Document11 pages

  Coarse and Fine Aggregates: Future of Kerala

  DrThrivikramji Kyth

  No ratings yet
• Solute Variation in Small Watersheds of Kerala

  

  Document11 pages

  Solute Variation in Small Watersheds of Kerala

  DrThrivikramji Kyth

  No ratings yet
• DR K.M.NAIR - GEOSCIENTIST EXEMPLAR

  

  Document4 pages

  DR K.M.NAIR - GEOSCIENTIST EXEMPLAR

  DrThrivikramji Kyth

  No ratings yet
• Acre Cent Total Cents Total Acre Area SL - No. UID Type

  

  Document110 pages

  Acre Cent Total Cents Total Acre Area SL - No. UID Type

  DrThrivikramji Kyth

  No ratings yet
• Mineral Based Industry For Kerala by Thrivikramji

  

  Document34 pages

  Mineral Based Industry For Kerala by Thrivikramji

  DrThrivikramji Kyth

  No ratings yet
• Quarry Reuse: Presenter-Dr Thrivikramji.K.P.

  

  Document42 pages

  Quarry Reuse: Presenter-Dr Thrivikramji.K.P.

  DrThrivikramji Kyth

  100% (1)
• Need For Strong Decision Support (DS) Systems in A Changing Climate

  

  Document45 pages

  Need For Strong Decision Support (DS) Systems in A Changing Climate

  DrThrivikramji Kyth

  No ratings yet
• Shoe Dog: A Memoir by the Creator of Nike

  

  From Everand

  Shoe Dog: A Memoir by the Creator of Nike

  Phil Knight

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (537)
• The Subtle Art of Not Giving a F*ck: A Counterintuitive Approach to Living a Good Life

  

  From Everand

  The Subtle Art of Not Giving a F*ck: A Counterintuitive Approach to Living a Good Life

  Mark Manson

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (5794)
• Hidden Figures: The American Dream and the Untold Story of the Black Women Mathematicians Who Helped Win the Space Race

  

  From Everand

  Hidden Figures: The American Dream and the Untold Story of the Black Women Mathematicians Who Helped Win the Space Race

  Margot Lee Shetterly

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (895)
• The Yellow House: A Memoir (2019 National Book Award Winner)

  

  From Everand

  The Yellow House: A Memoir (2019 National Book Award Winner)

  Sarah M. Broom

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (98)
• Grit: The Power of Passion and Perseverance

  

  From Everand

  Grit: The Power of Passion and Perseverance

  Angela Duckworth

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (588)
• The Little Book of Hygge: Danish Secrets to Happy Living

  

  From Everand

  The Little Book of Hygge: Danish Secrets to Happy Living

  Meik Wiking

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (400)
• The Emperor of All Maladies: A Biography of Cancer

  

  From Everand

  The Emperor of All Maladies: A Biography of Cancer

  Siddhartha Mukherjee

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (271)
• Never Split the Difference: Negotiating As If Your Life Depended On It

  

  From Everand

  Never Split the Difference: Negotiating As If Your Life Depended On It

  Chris Voss

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (838)
• The World Is Flat 3.0: A Brief History of the Twenty-first Century

  

  From Everand

  The World Is Flat 3.0: A Brief History of the Twenty-first Century

  Thomas L. Friedman

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (2259)
• On Fire: The (Burning) Case for a Green New Deal

  

  From Everand

  On Fire: The (Burning) Case for a Green New Deal

  Naomi Klein

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (74)
• Elon Musk: Tesla, SpaceX, and the Quest for a Fantastic Future

  

  From Everand

  Elon Musk: Tesla, SpaceX, and the Quest for a Fantastic Future

  Ashlee Vance

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (474)
• A Heartbreaking Work Of Staggering Genius: A Memoir Based on a True Story

  

  From Everand

  A Heartbreaking Work Of Staggering Genius: A Memoir Based on a True Story

  Dave Eggers

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (231)
• Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln

  

  From Everand

  Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln

  Doris Kearns Goodwin

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (234)
• Devil in the Grove: Thurgood Marshall, the Groveland Boys, and the Dawn of a New America

  

  From Everand

  Devil in the Grove: Thurgood Marshall, the Groveland Boys, and the Dawn of a New America

  Gilbert King

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (266)
• The Hard Thing About Hard Things: Building a Business When There Are No Easy Answers

  

  From Everand

  The Hard Thing About Hard Things: Building a Business When There Are No Easy Answers

  Ben Horowitz

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (345)
• Yes Please

  

  From Everand

  Yes Please

  Amy Poehler

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (1891)
• The Unwinding: An Inner History of the New America

  

  From Everand

  The Unwinding: An Inner History of the New America

  George Packer

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (45)
• Rise of ISIS: A Threat We Can't Ignore

  

  From Everand

  Rise of ISIS: A Threat We Can't Ignore

  Jay Sekulow

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (137)
• Principles: Life and Work

  

  From Everand

  Principles: Life and Work

  Ray Dalio

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (599)
• Fear: Trump in the White House

  

  From Everand

  Fear: Trump in the White House

  Bob Woodward

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (738)
• Angela's Ashes: A Memoir

  

  From Everand

  Angela's Ashes: A Memoir

  Frank McCourt

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (440)
• Bad Feminist: Essays

  

  From Everand

  Bad Feminist: Essays

  Roxane Gay

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (1016)
• Steve Jobs

  

  From Everand

  Steve Jobs

  Walter Isaacson

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (806)
• The Glass Castle: A Memoir

  

  From Everand

  The Glass Castle: A Memoir

  Jeannette Walls

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (1713)
• The Gifts of Imperfection: Let Go of Who You Think You're Supposed to Be and Embrace Who You Are

  

  From Everand

  The Gifts of Imperfection: Let Go of Who You Think You're Supposed to Be and Embrace Who You Are

  Brené Brown

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (1090)
• John Adams

  

  From Everand

  John Adams

  David McCullough

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (2409)
• The Outsider: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  The Outsider: A Novel

  Stephen King

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (1839)
• The Light Between Oceans: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  The Light Between Oceans: A Novel

  M.L. Stedman

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (789)
• Manhattan Beach: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  Manhattan Beach: A Novel

  Jennifer Egan

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (792)
• The Sympathizer: A Novel (Pulitzer Prize for Fiction)

  

  From Everand

  The Sympathizer: A Novel (Pulitzer Prize for Fiction)

  Viet Thanh Nguyen

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (121)
• The Woman in Cabin 10

  

  From Everand

  The Woman in Cabin 10

  Ruth Ware

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (2322)
• Brooklyn: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  Brooklyn: A Novel

  Colm Tóibín

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (1937)
• A Man Called Ove: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  A Man Called Ove: A Novel

  Fredrik Backman

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (4610)
• The Perks of Being a Wallflower

  

  From Everand

  The Perks of Being a Wallflower

  Stephen Chbosky

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (2104)
• Wolf Hall: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  Wolf Hall: A Novel

  Hilary Mantel

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (3811)
• Little Women

  

  From Everand

  Little Women

  Louisa May Alcott

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (104)
• Her Body and Other Parties: Stories

  

  From Everand

  Her Body and Other Parties: Stories

  Carmen Maria Machado

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (821)
• The Art of Racing in the Rain: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  The Art of Racing in the Rain: A Novel

  Garth Stein

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (4200)
• Sing, Unburied, Sing: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  Sing, Unburied, Sing: A Novel

  Jesmyn Ward

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (1103)
• The Constant Gardener: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  The Constant Gardener: A Novel

  John le Carré

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (104)
• A Tree Grows in Brooklyn

  

  From Everand

  A Tree Grows in Brooklyn

  Betty Smith

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (1929)