Chapter 7 Solutions To Exercises

Engineering Circuit Analysis, 7th Edition
1.
i=C
Chapter Seven Solutions
10 March 2006
dv
dt
(a) i = 0
(DC)
)(
(b) i = C
dv
= 10 106 115 2 (120 ) sin120 t = 613sin120 t mA
dt
(c) i = C
dv
= (10 106 )( 4 103 ) e t = 40e t nA
dt
PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Limited distribution permitted only to teachers
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2.
i=C
v=
10 March 2006
dv
dt
60
dv
t + 6 = 6 t , therefore i = C
= 4.7 106 A
06
dt
i (A)
t (s)
4.7
3.
i=C
(a)
10 March 2006
dv
dt
dv
= 30 e t te t
dt
therefore i = 103
dv
= 30 (1 t ) e t mA
dt
(b)
dv
= 4 5e 5t sin100t + 100e 5t cos100t
dt
dv
therefore i = 103
= 4e 5t (100 cos100t 5sin100t ) mA
dt
4.
10 March 2006
1
W = CV 2
2
1
(a) 2000 106 1600 = 1.6 J
2
2
1
(b) ( 25 103 ) ( 35 ) = 15.3 J
2
2
1
(c) 104 ( 63) = 198 mJ
2
1
(d) 2.2 103 ( 2500 ) = 2.75 J
2
2
1
(e) ( 55 )( 2.5 ) = 171.9 J
2
2
1
(f) 4.8 103 ( 50 ) = 6 J
2
5.
(a) C =
A
d
10 March 2006
8.854 10 12 (78.54 10 6 )
= 6.954 pF
100 10 6
2 1103
1
2E
2
(b) Energy, E = CV V =
=
= 16.96 kV
2
6.954 1012
C
(c) E =
C=
A
d
1
2 E 2(2.5 10 6 )
= 500 pF
CV 2 C = 2 =
2
(100 2 )
V
=
Cd (500 10 12 )(100 10 6 )
= 636.62 pF .m 1
=
6
A
(78.54 10 )
\Relative permittivity :
636.62 1012
=
= 71.9
0 8.854 1012
6.
(a)
For VA = 1V, W =
(b)
)
)
2K s 0
10 12
(Vbi V A ) = 2(11.8) 8.854
(0.57 + 1)
qN
1.6 10 19 1 10 24
= 45.281 10
Cj =
10 March 2006
)(
11.8 8.854 10 12 1 10 12
45.281 10
)(
) = 2.307 fF
(
)
)
2K s 0
2(11.8) 8.854 10 12
(Vbi V A ) =
(0.57 + 5)
For VA = 5V, W =
qN
1.6 10 19 1 10 24
)(
= 85.289 10 9 m
Cj =
)(
11.8 8.854 10 12 1 10 12
85.289 10
) = 1.225 fF
(c)
For VA = 10V,
W=
2K s 0
10 12
(Vbi V A ) = 2(11.8) 8.854
(0.57 + 10)
qN
1.6 10 19 1 10 24
)
)
)(
= 117.491 10 9 m
Cj =
)(
11.8 8.854 10 12 1 10 12
117.491 10
) = 889.239aF
7.
10 March 2006
We require a capacitor that may be manually varied between 100 and 1000 pF by rotation
of a knob. Lets choose an air dielectric for simplicity of construction, and a series of 11
half-plates:
fixed
Top view
Side view with no

overlap between plates
Side view with a small

overlap between plates.
Constructed as shown, the half-plates are in parallel, so that each of the 10 pairs must
have a capacitance of 1000/ 10 = 100 pF when rotated such that they overlap completely.
If we arbitrarily select an area of 1 cm2 for each half-plate, then the gap spacing between
each plate is d = A/C = (8.85410-14 F/cm)(1 cm2)/ (10010-12 F) = 0.8854 mm. This is
tight, but not impossible to achieve. The final step is to determine the amount of overlap
which corresponds to 100 pF for the total capacitor structure. A capacitance of 100 pF is
equal to 10% of the capacitance when all of the plate areas are aligned, so we need a pieshaped wedge having an area of 0.1 cm2. If the middle figure above corresponds to an
angle of 0o and the case of perfect alignment (maximum capacitance) corresponds to an
angle of 180o, we need to set out minimum angle to be 18o.
8.
(a)
Energy stored = v C
(b)
Vmax = 3 V
t0
10 March 2006
2103
3 t
dv
= C
3e 5 e 5 dt = 1.080 J
0
dt
5
1
CV 2 = 1.35mJ 37% E max = 499.5J
2
V at 37% Emax = 1.825 V
Max. energy at t=0, =
v (t ) = 1.825 = 3e
t
5
t = 2.486s 2 s
(c)
1.2
dv
6 3
= 300 10
e 5 = 141.593A
i =C
5
dt
(d)
P = vi = 2.011 120.658 10 6 = 242.6W
9.
)2 =
(a)
v=
1
. 1 10 3
C 2
(b)
v=
1
. 1 10 3
C 2
(c)
v=
1
. 1 10 3
C 2
1
47 10 6
10 March 2006
(3.14159) (1 10 3 )2 = 33.421mV
2
)2 + 0 =
)2 + 4 (1 10 3 )2 =
1
47 10 6
(3.14159 ) (1 10 3 )2 = 33.421mV
2
1
47 10 6
3
1 10 3
.
4
)2 = 50.132mV
10.
1
V=
C
E=
200ms
1 7 10 3
cos t
idt =
10 March 2006
200ms
=
0
0.426
C
1
181.086 10 9
181.086 10 9
CV 2 = 3 10 6 =
C =
= 30181F
2
2C
2 3 10 6
10 March 2006
11.
(a)
c = 0.2 F, vc = 5 + 3cos 2 200tV; ic = 0.2 106 (3) (2) 200 sin 200t cos 200t
ic = 0.12sin 400tmA
(b)
1
1
wc = cvc2 = 2 107 (5 + 3cos 2 200t ) 2 wc max = 107 64 = 6.4 J
2
2
(c)
vc =
(d)
vc = 500 400e 100t V
t
1
106 8e 100t 103 dt = 103 40(0.01) (e100t 1) = 400(1 e100t )V
0
0.2
12.
10 March 2006
0.1
vc (0) = 250V, c = 2mF (a) vc (0.1) = 250 + 500 5dt

0
0.2
vc (0.1) = 500V; vc (0.2) = 500 10dt = 1000V

0.1
vc (0.6) = 1750V, vc (0.9) = 2000V

t
0.9 < t < 1: vc = 2000 + 500 10dt = 2000 + 5000(t 0.9)

0.9
vc = 2100 = 2000 + 5000(t2 0.9) t2 = 0.92 0.9 < t < 0.92s
10 March 2006
13.
(a)
1
1
wc = Cv 2 = 106 v 2 = 2 102 e 1000t v = 200e 500t V
2
2
6
i = Cv = 10 (200) (500)e500t = m0.1e500t
v 200
R =
=
= 2k
0.1
i
(b)
PR = i 2 R = 0.01 2000e 1000t = 20e 1000t W
WR = 20e 1000t dt = 0.02e 1000t

0
= 0.02J
14.
10 March 2006
(a) Left circuit:

By Voltage division, VC =
1k
(5) = 0.877V
4.7k + 1k
Right circuit:
2
V1 = 1(1 // 2 ) = V
3
1
1
By Voltage Division, V2 = V VC = V
3
3
(b)
15.
v=L
10 March 2006
di
dt
(a) v = 0 since i = constant (DC)
(b) v = 108 115 2 (120 ) sin120 t = 613sin120 t V

(c) v = 108 115 2 ( 24 103 ) e6t = 240e 6t pV
16.
v=L
10 March 2006
di
dt
( 6 0 ) 109
i=
t + 6 109 = 6 109 106 t , therefore
3
( 0 6 ) 10
di
v = L = (1012 )(106 ) = 1018 V = 1 aV
dt
v (aV)
t (s)
1
17.
v=L
di
dt
(a) L
di
= 5 106 30 109 e t te t = 150 (1 t ) e t fV
dt
10 March 2006
(b)
)(
di
= 5 106 4 103 5e 5t sin100t + 100e 5t cos100t
dt
therefore v = 100e 5t ( 20 cos100t sin100t ) pV
L
18.
W=
10 March 2006
1 2
LI . Maximum energy corresponds to maximum current flow, so
2
Wmax =
1
2
5 103 (1.5 ) = 5.625 mJ
2
10 March 2006
19.
(a)
(b)
PL = vLiL PL max = (100) (5) = 500W at t = 40 ms
(c)
PL min = 100(5) = 500W at t = 20+ and 40+ ms
(d)
WL =
1 2
1
Li L WL (40ms) = 0.2(5) 2 = 2.5J
2
2
10 March 2006
20.
L = 50 103 , t < 0 : i = 0; t > 0 i = 80te 100t mA = 0.08te 100t A
i= 0.08e-100t 8te 100t 0.08 = 8t , tm , = 0.01s, i max = 0.08 0.01e 1
i max = 0.2943mA; v = 0.05i = e 100t (0.004 0.4t )
0.8
= 0.02 s
40
= 0.004V at t=0
v = e 100t (0.4) 100e 100t (0.004 0.4t ) 0.4 = 0.4 40t , t =

v = e 2 (0.004 0.008) = 0.5413mV this is minimum v max
10 March 2006
21.
(a)
t > 0 : is = 0.4t 2 A vin = 10is + 5is = 4t 2 + 4tV
(b)
iin = 0.1vs +
1 t
40tdt + 5 = 4t + 4t 2 + 5A
5 0
22.
vL = 20 cos1000tV, L = 25mH, iL (0) = 0
(a)
iL = 40 20 cos 1000tdt = 0.8sin 1000tA p = 8sin 2000t W
(b)
1
w = 25 103 0.64sin 2 1000t = 8sin 2 1000t mJ
2
10 March 2006
10 March 2006
23.
(a)
0 < t < 10 ms: iL = 2 + 5 100dt = 2 + 500t iL (10ms) = 3A, iL (8ms) = 2A
(b)
iL (0) = 0 iL (10ms) = 500 0.01 = 5A iL (20ms) = 5 + 5
0.02
0.01
104 (0.02 t )dt
4
iL (20ms) = 5 + 5 104 (0.02t 0.5t )0.02
0.01 = 5 + 5 10 (0.0002 0.00015) = 7.5A
1
wL = 0.2 7.52 = 5.625J
2
(c)
If the circuit has been connected for a long time, L appears like short circuit.
V8 =
8
(100V ) = 80V
2+8
I 2 =
20V
= 10 A
2
i x =
80V
= 1A
80
24.
10 March 2006
After a very long time connected only to DC sources, the inductors act as short circuits.
The circuit may thus be redrawn as
80
100
And we find that ix = 9
= 1A
80 + 80 2 + 8
9
25.
L = 5H, VL = 10(e t e 2t )V, iL (0) = 0.08A
(a)
vL (1) = 10(e 1 e2 ) = 2.325+ V
(b)
iL = 0.08 + 0.2 10(e t e 2t ) dt = 0.08 + 2(e t + 0.5e 2t )t0
10 March 2006
iL = 0.08 + 2(e t + 0.5e 2t + 1 0.5) = 1.08 + e 2t 2e t iL (1) = 0.4796A
(c)
iL () = 1.08A
10 March 2006
26.
(a)
(b)
40
12
+ 40 5
12 + 20 + 40
12 + 20 + 40
200 100
=
+
= 100V
3
3
vx = 120
vx =
15 12
120
15
40 + 40 5
12 + 15 60 15 + 60
15 12 + 60
120
1
6.667
40 + 200
12 + 12 5
66.667
= 40 + 20 = 60V
=
10 March 2006
27.
(a)
1
wL = 5 1.62 = 6.4J
2
(b)
1
wc = 20 106 1002 = 0.1J
2
(c)
Left to right (magnitudes): 100, 0, 100, 116, 16, 16, 0 (V)
(d)
Left to right (magnitudes): 0, 0, 2, 2, 0.4, 1.6, 0 (A)
28.
(a)
10 March 2006
vs = 400t 2 V, t > 0; iL (0) = 0.5A; t = 0.4s

1
vc = 400 0.16 = 64V, wc 105 642 = 20.48mJ
2
(b)
(c)
0.4
1
iL = 0.5 + 0.1 400t 2 dt = 0.5 + 40 0.43 = 1.3533A
0
3
1
wL = 10 1.35332 = 9.1581J
2
0.4
iR = 4t 2 , PR = 100 16t 4 wR = 1600t 4 dt = 320 0.45 = 3.277J

0
29.
(a)
P7 = 0W ; P10 =
10 March 2006
V 2 (2 )2
=
= 0.4W
10
R
(b)
PSpice verification
We see from the PSpice
simulation that the
voltage across the 10-
resistor is 2 V, so that
it is dissipating 4/10
= 400 mW.
The 7- resistor has
zero volts across its
terminals, and hence
dissipates zero power.
Both results agree with
the hand calculations.
30.
10 March 2006
(a) We find RTH by first short-circuiting the voltage source, removing the inductor, and
looking into the open terminals.
Simplifying the network from the right, 3 || 6 + 4 = 6 , which is in parallel with 7 .

6 || 7 + 5 = 8.23 . Thus, RTH = 8.23 || 8 = 4.06 . To find VTH, we remove the inductor:
+ VTH
V1
V2
V3
REF
Writing the nodal equations required:
(V1 9)/3 + V1/6 + (V1 V2)/4 = 0
(V2 V1)/4 + V2/7 + (V2 V3)/5 = 0
V3/8 + (V3 V2)/5 = 0
Solving, V3 = 1.592 V, therefore VTH = 9 V3 = 7.408 V.
(b) iL = 7.408/4.06 = 1.825 A (inductor acts like a short circuit to DC).
(c)
10 March 2006
31.
C equiv
1
1
in series with 10 in series with 10 +

10 +
1
1
1
1
10 + 10
10 + 10
4.286F
32.
10 March 2006
Lequiv (77 p // (77 p + 77 p )) + 77 p + (77 p // (77 p + 77 p )) = 179.6& pH
33.
10 March 2006
(a)
Assuming all resistors have value R, all inductors have value L, and all capacitors
have value C,
(b)
At dc, 20F is open circuit; 500H is short circuit.

10k
(9 ) = 3.6V
Using voltage division, V x =
10k + 15k
34.
10 March 2006
(a) As all resistors have value R, all inductors value L, and all capacitors value C,
+
Vx
-
(b)
Vx = 0 V as L is short circuit at dc.
35.
10 March 2006
Cequiv = { [(100 n + 40 n) || 12 n] + 75 n} || {7 + (2 || 12 )}
C equiv 85.211nF
36.
10 March 2006
Lequiv = {[ (17 p || 4 n) + 77 p] || 12 n} + {1 n || (72 p + 14 p)}

Lequiv 172.388 pH
37.
10 March 2006
C T C x = (7 + 47 + 1 + 16 + 100) = 171F
E CT C x =
1
(CT C x )V 2 = 1 (171 )(2.5)2 = 534.375J
2
2
E C x = E CT E CT C x = (534.8 534.375)J = 425nJ
1
425n (2 )
E C x = 425n = C xV 2 C x =
= 136nF
2
(2.5)2
10 March 2006
38.
1
1
= 2.75H
= 1.5 +
+
1 + 1 1 + 1 + 1
1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
(a)
For all L = 1.5H, Lequiv
(b)
For a general network of this type, having N stages (and all L values equiv),
Lequiv =
LN
NLN 1
N =1
10 March 2006
39.
1
1
= 3H
=1+
+
1 + 1 1+1+1
2 2 3 3 3
(a)
Lequiv
(b)
For a network of this type having 3 stages,
Lequiv = 1 +
1
1
+
2+ 2 3+3
(2 )
(3)
1
3
=1+
(2)2 + (3)3
2(2 ) 3(3)2
Extending for the general case of N stages,

1
1
+K+
1 1 1 1 1
1
1
+
+ +
+K
2 2 3 3 3
N
N
1
1
1
= 1+
+
+K+
= N
2(1 / 2) 3(1 / 3)
N(1/N)
Lequiv = 1 +
40.
C equiv =
10 March 2006
(3 p )(0.25 p ) = 0.231 pF
3 p + 0.25 p
41.
Lequiv =
10 March 2006
(2.3& n )(0.3& n ) = 0.2916& nH

2.6& n
42.
(a)
Use 2 x 1H in series with 4 x 1H in parallel.
(b)
Use 2 x 1H in parallel, in series with 4 x 1H in parallel.
(c)
Use 5 x 1H in parallel, in series with 4 x 1H in parallel.
10 March 2006
10 March 2006
43.
(a)
R = 10 :10 10 10 =
R eq =
(b)
(c)
10 10
55
+ 10 + 10 10 =
,
3 3
3
55
30 = 11.379
3
L = 10H Leq = 11.379H

1
= 5.4545
1/ 30 + 1/10 + 1/ 20
10
Ceq = 5.4545 + = 8.788F
3
C = 10F :
10 March 2006
44.
(a)
oc :L eq = 6 1 + 3 = 3.857H
sc : L eq = (3 2 + 1) 4 = 2.2
(b)
4 = 1.4194H
1
7
1
= , ceq =
= 1.3125F
1/ 4 + 1/ 2 3
3 / 7 + 1/ 2
1
5
5
= , Ceq = 4 + = 4.833F
sc :
1/ 5 + 1 6
6
oc :1 +
10 March 2006
45.
(a)
(b)
(c)
46.
is = 60e 200t mA, i1 (0) = 20mA
(a)
6 4 = 2.4H v = Leq is = 2.4 0.06(200)e200t
10 March 2006
or v = 28.8e 200t V
1 t
4.8 200t
(e
28.8e200t dt + 0.02 =
1) + 0.02
6 o
200
= 24e200t 4mA(t > 0)
(b)
i1 =
(c)
i2 = is i1 = 60e200t 24e200t + 4 = 36e200t + 4mA(t > 0)
47.
vs = 100e 80tV , v1 (0) = 20V
(a)
i = Ceq vs = 0.8 106 (80)100e 80t = 6.4 103 e80t A
(b)
v1 = 106 (6.4 103 ) e 80t dt + 20 =
10 March 2006
6400 80t
(e 1) + 20
80
v1 = 80e80t 60V
(c)
t
106
1600 80t
(6.4 103 ) e 80t dt + 80 =
(e 1) + 80
v2
o
4
80
= 20e 80t + 60V
10 March 2006
48.
(a)
vc vs
v v
+ 5 106 vc + c L = 0
20
10
t
vL vc
1
+
vL dt + 2 = 0
10
8 103 o
(b)
20i20 +
1
5 106
1
5 106
(i
(i
o
20
iL )dt + 12 = vs
i20 )dt 12 + 10iL + 8 103 iL = 0
10 March 2006
49.
vc (t ): 30mA: 0.03 20 = 0.6V, vc = 0.6V
9V: vc = 9V, 20mA: vc = 0.02 20 = 0.4V
0.04 cos103 t : vc = 0
vc (t ) = 9.2V
vL (t ): 30mA, 20mA,
9V: vL = 0; 0.04 cos103 t : vL = 0.06 0.04 (1000) sin103 t = 2.4sin103 tV
50.
10 March 2006
We begin by selecting the bottom node as the reference and assigning four nodal
voltages:
V4
V2
V1
V3
Ref.
[1]
0.8V1 + 0.2 V2 V4 = 0
[2]
t
V1 - V2
+ 0.02 103 V4 40e 20t dt
0
50
1, 4 Supernode:
2010-3 e-20t =
and:
V1 V4 = 0.2 Vx or
Node 2:
0 =
V2 - V1
V - 40e 20t
dV2
+ 2
+ 10- 6
50
100
dt
[3]
51.
(a)
10 March 2006
R i = , R o = 0, A = vi = 0 i = Cvs
also 0 + Ri + vo = 0 vo = RCvs
1
idt + vi
c
1
1+ A
vo = Avi vi = vo i =
vi
A
R
1
1
1
1+ A
v
vs = idt vo = vo +
o dt
c
A
A
RC
A
1+ A
1+ A
Avs = vo
vo or vo +
vo + Avs = 0
RC
RC
vi + Ri Avi = 0, vs =
(b)
52.
10 March 2006
Place a current source in parallel with a 1-M resistor on the positive input of a buffer
with output voltage, v. This feeds into an integrator stage with input resistor, R2, of
1-M and feedback capacitor, Cf, of 1 F.
dv c f
ions
i=Cf
= 1.602 10 19
dt
sec
0=
0=
Va V
1 10
+Cf
dv c f
dt
Va V
1 10
+ 1.602 10 19
ions
sec
dv c f
V
V
19 ions
+Cf
=
1
.
602
10
+
R2
dt
sec
1 10 6
Integrating current with respect to t,
1
R2
0 vdt ' = C f (Vc

t
Vc f (0)
1.602 10 19 ions
= C f Vc f
R2
R1
1
1.602 10 19 ions Vout =
1.602 10 19 ions
Vc f = Va Vout Vout =
R2 C f
Cf
R1 = 1 M, Cf = 1F
53.
(a)
10 March 2006
R = 0.5M, C = 2 F, R i = , R o = 0, vo = cos10t 1V
vo
1
1 t
Eq. (16) is: 1 + vo =

vs + dt vc (0)
o
RC
A
A
vo
1
1
1
1
1
1 + vo =
vs + 1 + (10sin10t ) = 1 vs + cos10t
A
RC
A A
A
A
1
1 1
vs = 1 + 10sin10t + cos10t Let A = 2000

A A
A
vs = 10.005sin10t + 0.0005 0.0005cos10t
(b)
Let A = vs = 10sin10tV
54.
10 March 2006
Create a op-amp based differentiator using an ideal op amp with input capacitor C1 and
feedback resistor Rf followed by inverter stage with unity gain.
1mV
dvs
R
= 60
/ min
R f C1
dt
rpm
R
RfC1=60 so choose Rf = 6 M and C1 = 10 F.
Vout = +
55.
(a)
0=
10 March 2006
Va Vout
1
+
vdt
Rf
L
Va = V = 0,
Rf
Vout
1
=
=
V
v
dt
L
out
L
Rf
L
0 v s dt '
(b)
In practice, capacitors are usually used as capacitor values are more readily
available than inductor values.
56.
10 March 2006
One possible solution:
vout =
1
R1C f
in
dt
we want vout = 1 V for vin = 1 mV over 1 s.
vin
In other words, 1 =
1
R1C f
103 dt =
103
R1C f
Neglecting the sign (we can reverse terminals of output connection if needed),
we therefore need R1Cf = 103.
Arbitrarily selecting Cf = 1 F, we find R1 = 1 k.
57.
10 March 2006
One possible solution of many:
dvin
dt
dv 100 mV
maximum in =
.
60s
dt
vout = RC
vin
100 mV
In other words, vout = 1 V = RC
60s
or RC = 600
Arbitrarily selecting C = 1000 F, we find that R = 600 k.
58.
10 March 2006
dvin
dt
dv 100 mV
At 1 litre/s, in =
.
s
dt
vout = RC
vin
100 mV
In other words, vout = 1 V = RC
1s
or RC = 10
Arbitrarily selecting C = 10 F, we find that R = 1 M.
59.
10 March 2006
One possible solution:
vin
The power into a 1 load is I2, therefore energy = W = I2t.

vout =
1
R1C f
dt
we want vout = 1 mV for vin = 1 mV (corresponding to 1 A 2 ).
Thus, 103 = RC 103 , so RC = 1

Arbitrarily selecting C = 1 F, we find that we need R = 1 M.
60.
10 March 2006
vout = RC
dvin
dt
vin
Input: 1 mV = 1 mph, 1 mile = 1609 metres.

Thus, on the input side, we see 1 mV corresponding to 1609/3600 m/s.
Output: 1 mV per m/s2. Therefore,
vout = 2.237 RC = 1
so RC = 0.447
Arbitrarily selecting C = 1 F, we find that R = 447 k.
10 March 2006
61.
(a)
(b)
(c)
20v20 +
1
5 106
1
5 106
(v
(v
o
20
vc )dt + 12 = is
v20 )dt 12 + 10vc + 8 103 vc = 0
iL is
i i
+ 5 106 iL + L c = 0
20
10
t
ic iL
1
+
i dt + 2 = 0
3 o c
10
8 10
10 March 2006
62.
10 March 2006
63.
10 March 2006
64.
(a)
(b)
Let is = 100e-80t A and i1 (0) = 20 A in the circuit of (new) Fig. 7.62.

(a) Determine v(t) for all t.
(b) Find i1(t) for t 0.
(c) Find v2(t) for t 0.
(c)
(a)
L eq = 1 4 = 0.8 H v(t ) = Leq is = 0.8 106 100(80)r 80t V

v(t) = 6.43-80t mV
t
(b)
i1 (t ) = 106 6.4 103 e 80t dt + 20 i1 (t ) =
(c)
i2 (t ) = is i1 (t ) i2 (t ) = 20e80t + 60A
6400 80t
(e 1) = 80e80t 60A
80
10 March 2006
65.
In creating the dual of the original circuit, we have lost both vs and vout. However, we
may write the dual of the original transfer function: iout/ is. Performing nodal analysis,
iS =
1 t
V1dt + G in (V1 - V2 )
L1 0
iout = Aid = GfV2 + Gin (V2 V1)
[1]
[2]
Dividing, we find that
iout
=
iS
G in (V2 - V1 ) + G f V2
1 t
V1dt + G in (V1 - V2 )
L1 0
66.
IL = 4/10 = 400 mA. W =
10 March 2006
1 2
LI L = 160 mJ
2
PSpice verification:
67.
IL = 4/(4/3) = 3 A. W =
10 March 2006
1 2
LI L = 31.5 J
2
68.
10 March 2006
We choose the bottom node as the reference node, and label the nodal voltage at the top
of the dependent source VA.
Then, by KCL,
VA 4 VA VA
V
+
+
= 0.8 A
100
20 25
25
Solving, we find that VA = 588 mV.
Therefore, VC, the voltage on the capacitor, is 588 mV (no DC current can flow through
the 75 resistor due to the presence of the capacitor.)
Hence, the energy stored in the capacitor is
1
1
2
CV 2 = 103 ( 0.588 ) = 173 J
2
2
69.
10 March 2006
By inspection, noting that the capacitor is acting as an open circuit,

the current through the 4 k resistor is 8 mA. Thus, Vc = (8)(4) = 32 V.
Hence, the energy stored in the capacitor =
1
1
2
CV 2 = 5 106 ( 32 ) = 2.56 mJ
2
2
70.
10 March 2006
C1 = 5 nF, Rf = 100 M.
vout = R f C1
)( )
dvs
= 5 109 108 ( 30 cos100t ) = 15cos10t V
dt
Verifying with PSpice, choosing the LF411 and 18 V supplies:
71.
10 March 2006
PSpice verification
w = Cv2 = 0.5 (3310-6)[5 cos (7510-2)]2 = 220.8 J. This is in agreement with the
PSpice simulation results shown below.
72.
10 March 2006
PSpice verification
w = Li2 = 0.5 (10010-12)[5 cos (7510-2)]2 = 669.2 pJ. This is in agreement with
the PSpice simulation results shown below.
73.
10 March 2006
Va V s 1
+ v L f dt
R1
L
Vs 1
Va = Vb = 0,
0=
+ v L f dt
R1
L
0=
V L f = Va Vout = 0 Vout =
Vout =
L dVs
R1 dt
L f dVs
Lf d
=
A cos 2 10 3 t L f = 2 R1 ; Let _R = 1 and L = 1 H.
R1 dt
R1 dt
PSpice Verification: clearly, something rather odd is occuring in the simulation of this
particular circuit, since the output is not a pure sinusoid, but a combination of several
sinusoids.
74.
10 March 2006
PSpice verification
w = Cv2 = 0.5 (3310-6)[5 cos (7510-2) - 7]2 = 184.2 J. This is in reasonable
agreement with the PSpice simulation results shown below.
75.
10 March 2006
PSpice verification
w = Li2 = 0.5 (10010-12)[5 cos (7510-2) - 7]2 = 558.3 pJ. This is in agreement with
the PSpice simulation results shown below.

Chapter 7 Solutions To Exercises

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Chapter 7 Solutions To Exercises

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Engineering Circuit Analysis, 7th Edition

Chapter Seven Solutions

Engineering Circuit Analysis, 7th Edition

Chapter Seven Solutions

Engineering Circuit Analysis, 7th Edition

Chapter Seven Solutions

Engineering Circuit Analysis, 7th Edition

Chapter Seven Solutions

Engineering Circuit Analysis, 7th Edition

Chapter Seven Solutions

Engineering Circuit Analysis, 7th Edition

Chapter Seven Solutions

Engineering Circuit Analysis, 7th Edition

Chapter Seven Solutions

Side view with no

Side view with a small

Engineering Circuit Analysis, 7th Edition

Chapter Seven Solutions

P = vi = 2.011 120.658 10 6 = 242.6W

Engineering Circuit Analysis, 7th Edition

Chapter Seven Solutions

Engineering Circuit Analysis, 7th Edition

Chapter Seven Solutions

Engineering Circuit Analysis, 7th Edition

Chapter Seven Solutions

vc = 500 400e 100t V

Engineering Circuit Analysis, 7th Edition

Chapter Seven Solutions

vc (0) = 250V, c = 2mF (a) vc (0.1) = 250 + 500 5dt

vc (0.1) = 500V; vc (0.2) = 500 10dt = 1000V

vc (0.6) = 1750V, vc (0.9) = 2000V

0.9 < t < 1: vc = 2000 + 500 10dt = 2000 + 5000(t 0.9)

vc = 2100 = 2000 + 5000(t2 0.9) t2 = 0.92 0.9 < t < 0.92s

Engineering Circuit Analysis, 7th Edition

Chapter Seven Solutions

PR = i 2 R = 0.01 2000e 1000t = 20e 1000t W

WR = 20e 1000t dt = 0.02e 1000t

Engineering Circuit Analysis, 7th Edition

Chapter Seven Solutions

(a) Left circuit:

Engineering Circuit Analysis, 7th Edition

Chapter Seven Solutions

(a) v = 0 since i = constant (DC)

(b) v = 108 115 2 (120 ) sin120 t = 613sin120 t V

Engineering Circuit Analysis, 7th Edition

Chapter Seven Solutions

Engineering Circuit Analysis, 7th Edition

Chapter Seven Solutions

Engineering Circuit Analysis, 7th Edition

Chapter Seven Solutions

Engineering Circuit Analysis, 7th Edition

Chapter Seven Solutions

PL = vLiL PL max = (100) (5) = 500W at t = 40 ms

PL min = 100(5) = 500W at t = 20+ and 40+ ms

Engineering Circuit Analysis, 7th Edition

Chapter Seven Solutions

v = e 100t (0.4) 100e 100t (0.004 0.4t ) 0.4 = 0.4 40t , t =

Engineering Circuit Analysis, 7th Edition

Chapter Seven Solutions

t > 0 : is = 0.4t 2 A vin = 10is + 5is = 4t 2 + 4tV

Engineering Circuit Analysis, 7th Edition

Chapter Seven Solutions

vL = 20 cos1000tV, L = 25mH, iL (0) = 0