203 INAO 2016 Paper With Solution

INDIAN NATIONAL ASTRONOMY OLYMPIAD (INAO) 2016
QUESTIONS PAPER WITH SOLUION

Roll Number ;
Date : 30th January 2016
Duration : Three Hours
Maximum Marks : 100
Please Note :
Please write your roll number on top of this page in the space provided.
Before starting, please ensure that you have received a copy of the question paper containing total 3 pages
(5 sides).
There are total 9 questions. Maximum marks are indicated in front of each question.
For all questions, the process involved in arriving at the solution is more important than the answer itself.
Valid assumptions / approximations are perfectly acceptable. Please write your method clearly, explicitly
stating all reasoning.
Blank spaces are provided in the question paper for the rough work. No rough work should be done on the
answer-sheet.
No computational aides like calculators, log tables, slide rule etc. are allowed.
The answer-sheet must be returned to the invigilator. You can take this question booklet back with you.
Please be advised that tentative dates for the next stage are as follows :
Orientation Cum Selection Camp (Senior) : 3rd May to 19th May 2016
Mass of the Earth

Radius of the Earth
Speed of light
Astronomical Unit
Solar Luminosity
Useful Physical Constants

ME 6.0 1024 kg
RE 6.4 106 m
c 3.0 108 m/s
1 A. U. 1.5 1011 m
L 3.8 1026 W
20
3
Gravitational Constant
Avogadro constant
Charge of an electron
Permeability for free space
Na 6.0 1023 mol1

e 1.6 1019 C
0 4 107 NA2
Stephan's Constant
Radius of Neptune
Average Density of Neptune,
Specific heat capacity of water
Average calorific value of LPG gas
Approximate calorific value of methane
RN = 24622 km
N = 1.638 g cm3
= 4.2 J g1
5 104 kJ kg1
5 104 kJ kg1
17
3
1011 m3kg1 s2
108 Wm2K4
Corporate Office : CG Tower, A-46 & 52, IPIA, Near City Mall, Jhalawar Road, Kota (Raj.)-324005
Website : www.resonance.ac.in | E-mail : contact@resonance.ac.in
Toll Free : 1800 200 2244 | 1800 258 5555 | CIN: U80302RJ2007PLC024029
INAO2016 - 1
1.
Satej is a twelve year old boy. He loves astronomy. Recently, he attended a sky observation workshop,
organized by the Amateur astronomers Club at a hill station, During the observation session, he was
introduced to Hercules, Taurus, Scorpius, Orion, Ursa Major, Gemini, Draco, Leo, Serpens and Virgo
constellations. He had sketched the stick figures of some of these constellations in his note book,
Unfortunately, he forgot to write the names of the constellations for his sketches ?
Sol.
[9 Marks]
(a) Hercules
(b) Orion
(c) Leo
(d) Gemini
(f) Scorpius
2.
In desperate times of depleting energy resources, Sandesh comes with an ingenious idea. He wishes to
use methane on Neptune to satisfy Earth's ever increasing energy needs but needs to work out a few
details. Help him to see of his idea is a good one by solving the following questions.
[12 Marks]
(a) Estimate the total number of domestic LPG cylinders that can be filled up with methane from
Neptune.
(b) Estimate the net domestic consumption of LPG cylinders in a year in India Justify your approach in
arriving at this number. We hen extend the answer obtained to represent the earth.
(c) What is the approximate time-period, that methane brought from Neptune, can sustain the earth ?
Is Sandesh's idea good enough to satisfy Earth's energy needs ?
Sol.
(a) P P0 e
mgz
RT
Height of atmosphere (H) =
RT
mg
because pressure at height
RT
becomes 37% of surface pressure :
mg
g=
GM
Rn2
4
Rn3
3
=G
Rn2
INAO2016 - 2
4
GRn
3
4
20
1.6 103
1011 24.6222 106
3
3
= 11 m/s2
Density of atmosphere 1.6 103 kg/ m2

Temperature of Neptune = 55 K
8.3 55
H=
2.3 10 3 11
= 20 km
Volume of Neptune atmosphere

= 4 (24.6 106)2 20 103
= 4 24.6 24.6 20 1015
= 1.5 1020
Mass of methane = 1.5 1020 1.64 103 1.5 102
= 3.69 1021 kg
Number of cylinder of LPG =
3.69 1021
2.5 1020
15
(b) No. of cylinder use in India in a year for one family member of cylinder in a year = 12.
Total number of persons in India = 109
% used by persons = 50%, then number of cylinder will be used by India
N = 12 109 0.5 6 109 each year
(c) Number of years use of CH4 of Neptune
Ny =
2.5 1020
6 109
4 1010
= 4 1010 years
3.
Sol.
(a) Anjali is quite particular about noting down the daily earnings she makes in her side business, run
by her and her mother. She noticed that over a period of 5 consecutive days, the money she earned
daily, was basically the date multiplied by 10. She found the total money earned over these 5 days to
be Rs 630. What were the dates corresponding to those 5 consecutive days ?
[5 Marks]
(b) What is the maximum value n for which 100! is divisible by 2n
[5 Marks]
(a) The 5 days are : 28, 29, 1, 2, 3
(b)
2 100
50
2
2
25
12
Maximum number of power of 2 is = 50 + 25 + 12 + 6 + 3 + 1 = 97
1
297 = 2n n = 97
INAO2016 - 3
4.
A boat is a sailing on a river, parallel to a rectangular signboard propped up on the bank of the rive. A
search lamp on a flagpole on the top of the boat illuminates the signboard. The height of the lamp on the
boat is such that complete shadow of the signboard is cast on the ground. As the boat moves, a sailor in the
observation cabin of the boat starts seeing the clear shadow when the boat is at distance of about 100 m
from the signboard. The boat passes the signboard at a closest distance of 60 m. What will be the ratio of
the minimum area of the shadow to that of the maximum area of the shadow as the boat passes by ?
Explain your answer using very clear diagram/s.
[10 Marks]
Sol.
a
h
60 cm
x 60 x
h
hx = 60 + x x =
60
h
60
Area of shadow =
a
h
when distance is 100 cm :
100
x=
h
100
Area of shadow =
a
h
Ratio of both shadow =
5.
100 5
60
3
In the figure given below, we have 3 lenses with the same focal length 10 cm, with the distance of
separation between each pair of the lenses being 30 cm. An object placed 20 cm from the first lens on
the left produces an image 10 cm from the right of the rightmost lens (See Figure). After the lens
assembly was moved by x cm to left, without moving the object, the image was again seen at the same
location. Find x.
[6 Marks]
Lens
Object
Lens
Lens
x cm
Image
20 cm
30 cm
30 cm
10 cm
Figure-
INAO2016 - 4
Ans.
x = 10 cm
According to law's of reversibility when image work as object, object work as image.
6.
Ayush measures the length of the shadow of a vertical meter stick in Kilimanjaro national Park to be 42
cm. What is the length of shadow subtended by Mount Kilimanjaro at the time ?[10 Marks]
The following constants and relations might be useful :
Height of Mt Kilimanjaro = 5895 m
Radius of Earth = 6400 km
arctan 0.42 = 22.782
sin 22.782 = 0.3872
arcsin 0.3876 = 22.805
Please note that height of Mt. Kilimanjaro is not negligible as compared to radius of the earth. It is
obviously assumed that base of Mount Kilimanjaro is small enough for the shadow to fall on the earth
itself.
Sol.
5.895
6400
100
42
tan =
42
100
= 22.782
sin 22.782
sin
=
6405.895
6400
= 157.195
= 180 (+ ) = 0.023
0.023
Length of arch = 6400

3.14 2.56 Ans.
180
7.
A whistle in its rest frame has frequency of f0 Hz. The whistle is kept on the outermost edge of a MerryGo round (MGR) of radius a which rotates at a constant angular velocity . Find out the frequency
heard f by a stationary listener standing on the ground at a distance d from the centre of the MGR and
also sketch qualitatively the graph of f v/s t when
[16 Marks]
a. The listener is very far from the MGR.

b. The listener is standing close tot he MGR.
c. The listener is standing close to the MGR and the MGR starts moving such that its center is
revolving around the listener with angular speed in the same (say clockwise) direction as the
clockwise rotation of the MGR.
d. The listener is standing close to the MGR and the MGR starts moving such that its centre is
revolving around the listener with angular speed in the opposite (anti-clockwise) direction to the
clockwise rotation of the MGR.
Further calculate the time elapsed between the maximum frequency and minimum frequency hearings
in each of the cases.
INAO2016 - 5
Sol.
(a)
C
A
f0
Incident ray will be always parallel when source will at large distance. And at some time frequency will
be maximum, minimum and original. Original frequency is at A and B. Maximum when at D and
minimum for C
Equation of velocity :
V = Vmax cost
V = a cost
f
f0
V a cos t
f
V
fmax =
f0
V a
t =
V
fmin =
f0
V a
Ans.
(b)
V
f
f0
V a cos
+2 =
+ = r2
From both = /2
V
f
V a cos
2
f0
......(1)
......(2)
V
f
V a cos t
2
f0
Ans
f0
(c) is replace by ( + ) in (b)

(d) is replace by ( ) in (b)
INAO2016 - 6
8.
Dhruv has been accidentally locked in a container that is 2.5 m long, 1.5 m wide and 6 m high. While
waiting to be rescued, he throws a ball at the wall opposite to him and watches it hit the wall, bounce
elastically back and forth between the walls before it hits the floor again. The vertical plane in which the
ball travels is parallel to the other walls. If the ball is thrown from the level of the floor with a speed of 20 ms
1,
the launch angle with respect to vertical being 60 and that he is leaning against one wall with the opposite
wall being 1.5 m away, please calculate the following.
[12 Marks]
(a) What would be the maximum height reached?
(b) After how long does the ball hit the floor again ?
(c) How many times would the ball hit the walls before it reached the maximum height ?
(d) With respect to the wall that he is leaning on, how far from wall would the ball be when it reached
the maximum height ?
Sol.
Maximum height
20 m/s
30
1.5 m
(a) H =
202 sin2 30
=5m
2(10)
Ans.
(b) T =
2(20)sin30
= 2 sec.
10
Ans.
(c) R =
202 sin 2(30 )

= 20 3
10
But number of collision to reach at maximum height
10 3
39
N=
= = 11
3
1.5
(d) N1 =
10 3
= 11.547 m
1.5
11
1
x
0.547 1.5
x = 1.5 0.547 1.5

= 0.6795 m
INAO2016 - 7
9.
Ameya wishes to develop a simple device, which, when connected to the prime focus of a telescope,
will give a direct reading of the apparent magnitude of the object that the telescope is pointing at. He
has with him a set of data points relating the current obtained when light of a particular intensity falls on
the device as given in table ?? He is confident that once he gets the calibration curve, one that
connects the apparent magnitude of the object that he is looking at through the telescope, to the current
that he is measuring in his device. Please help him in drawing both the curves. Also, estimate the
current reading for Venus and Sirius if their apparent magnitudes are 4.43 and 1.46 respectively.
[15 Marks]
Note : The apparent magnitude m of a celestial object is measure of its brightness as seen by an
observer on Earth, adjusted to the value it would have in the absence of the atmosphere. The brighter
an object appears, the lower its magnitude value (i.e. inverse relation). Also, the magnitude scale is
logarithmic : a difference of one in magnitude corresponds to a change in brightness by a factor of

about 2.5. The mathematical relation is given by m1 m2 = 2.5log 2 . The reference point for the
1
apparent magnitude scale is the star Vega. The intensity of Vega incident on earth is 2.18 1085Wm2.
Some useful data for this questions.
Intensity
8
10 Wm
5
9
17
21
33
37
45
49
Sol.
Intensity (I 108)
Current
nA
log(x)
25
41
73
89
137
153
185
201
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0.301
0.477
0.602
0.699
0.778
0.845
0.903
0.954
Antilog values
4.43
10
= 26195.34
1.46
= 28.84
1.772
= 59.16
10
10
0.584
= 3.84
0.443
= 2.77
0.146
= 1.40
10
10
10
Current (C)
25
9
17
21
41
73
89
33
37
137
153
45
49
185
201
Calibration curve satisfies following equation :

C = 4I + 5
(1)
I=
C
5
4
INAO2016 - 8
1
Tan
4
5
For viga : I1 = 2.18 108 = 0 108 and m1= 0
I0 = 2.18
4 5
0 m2 = 2.5 log
I0
4 5
m2 = 2.5 log
(2)
I0
For vinus :
m = 4.43
4 5
m2 = 2.5 log
2.18
C
5
4.43
4
= log
2.5
2.18 108
But consider only multiple
For :
108
C
5
then 128 = 4
C = (279 + 5) 4 = 1136
2.18
C
5
1.46
= log 4
C = 92.98 Ans.
2.5
2.18
INAO2016 - 9

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INDIAN NATIONAL ASTRONOMY OLYMPIAD (INAO) 2016

QUESTIONS PAPER WITH SOLUION

Date : 30th January 2016

Duration : Three Hours

Maximum Marks : 100

Mass of the Earth

Useful Physical Constants

Na 6.0 1023 mol1

Height of atmosphere (H) =

because pressure at height

Density of atmosphere 1.6 103 kg/ m2

Volume of Neptune atmosphere

Maximum number of power of 2 is = 50 + 25 + 12 + 6 + 3 + 1 = 97

Length of arch = 6400

a. The listener is very far from the MGR.

(c) is replace by ( + ) in (b)

202 sin 2(30 )

But number of collision to reach at maximum height

x = 1.5 0.547 1.5

Calibration curve satisfies following equation :

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