UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: UNIVERSITEITSEKSAMENS UNISA |e HEC101V October/November 2012 HEALTH EDUCATION Duraton, 2 Hours 100 Marks EXAMINERS . FIRST DR McC MAPHALALA SECOND MRS MJ SETHUSHA Closed book examination This examination question paper remains the property of the University of South Africa and may not be removed from the examination venue This paper consists of 7 pages. This examination paper remains the property of the University of South Africa and may not be removed from the examination room. SECTION A: Answer ALL the questions (30 marks) SECTION B: Answer any TWO (2) questions (70 marks) SECTION A Answer ALL the questions in this section, QUESTION 1 Select the ONE MOST CORRECT answer for each of the following questions. Write down the answer (a, b, ¢ or d) next to the question number in your answer book, eg 1.1 (a) 1.1 Chronic diseases are primarily caused by (a) pathogens (>) genetics (©) lifestyles and behaviours (@) bacteria [TURN OVER]12 14 15 16 17 2 HEC101V OctNov 2012 Health education is vital for learners because (@ they learn so many negative things at home (b) they fee] they have to do what the teacher tells them (©) health is a lifelong process and the sooner health education begins, the greater the possibility for success (@ teachers can nullify the negative aspects of a child’s upbringing An internal health locus of control is a belief that one’s health is largely (2) a matter of one’s relationship with others (b) a matter of effectively accessing the health system (©) determined by oneself (@ determined by having the nght doctor Functions of the skeletal system include (@) supporting the body (6) maintaining posture (©) protecting the vital organs @ _allofthe above An essential nutrient needed for strong and healthy bones and teeth is (@) —calcrum () potassium © glucose (@ vitamin C Diabetes is a disease which is caused when the ___ does not produce enough insulin (@) fiver (b) gallbladder (©) pancreas (@) spleen The flight or fight response (a) sstaught to children by parents (6) isa sign of mental illness (©) ssa survival response to perceived dangers (@) should be controlled to prevent violent behaviour (TURN OVER]18 19 140 1.11 112 1.13 14 3 HEC101V OctiNov 2012 Dung inhalation the diaphragm and the chest cavity (@) relaxes, shrinks (b) relaxes, enlarges (©) contracts, shrinks @ contracts, enlarges Tiny blood vessels that connect artertes and veins are called (@) —_artenoles () —capillanes (©) ventricles @ venules ‘An individual’s conviction about being male or female is known as (@) — sexrole () gender (© gender identity. @ sexual orientation, The basic units of the nervous system are (a) neurotransmutters (6) peripheral nerves (©) synapses @ neurons The largest part of the brain 1s the (@) cerebellum (>) cerebrum © medulla (@ midbrain The three small bones inside the ear that magnify vibrations from the eardrum are (@) the hammer, anvil and stirrup (b) the cochlea, anvil and stirrup (©) the hammer, auricle and cochlea @ the hammer, auricle and anvil ‘The part of the tongue that 1s sensitive to a bitter taste 1s (a) the side of the tongue (b) the back of the tongue (©) the middle of the tongue (@)__ the front of the tongue [TURN OVER]1.15 1.16 wiT 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 4 HEC101V OctNov 2012 The main function of protein 1s to (@) carry oxygen to the lungs (b) help build and repair body tissue (©) carry vitamins to the surrounding tissues (@) help with the contraction and relaxation of muscles Eating disorders are most likely to affect (@) girls, foundation phase (junior primary age) (6) boys, foundation phase (junior primary age) (©) girls, intermediate or senior phase (senior primary or high school age) (2) boys, intermediate or senior phase (senior primary or high school age) Which of the following cognitive benefits can an individual attan through regular physical activity? (@) decrease in stress and anxiety (b) increase in feelings of self-worth and self-esteem (©) allofthe above @ none of the above ‘The Human Immune-deficiency virus (HIV) can enter the body through (@) sharing a comb () sharing a Coke (©) breast milk (@ none of the above ‘The target cells of the HIV virus are (a) cells which line the genitalia (b) skin cells (©) T-4(CD4) cells @ cells of the vital organs What are the general characteristics of a malignant melanoma (skin cancer)? (a) asymmetrical in shape (b) even border (c) even in colour @ spreads slowly ‘Two basic needs identified by Maslow include {a) success and popularity (>) physical strength and stamina (©) food and shelter (@) power and leadership [TURN OVER]122 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27 5 HEC101V OctNov 2012 ‘When children have good self-esteem they are likely to (@) engage 1n drug use on their own, without the encouragement of their friends (b) be confident about thesr social and school performance (©) isolate themselves from assertive peers @ refuse to enter into competitive play Hans Selye identified three stages our bodies go through as they respond to stress. This 1s known as (a) eustress (6) coping mechanisms (©) General Adaptation Syndrome @ distress A stressor may be (@) —_achange in the environment (>) perception (©) anticipation (@__allofthe above A person infected with HIV (a) can always transmut the infection to others (b) can only transmit the infection at the last stage of the infection (AIDS stage) (©) can only transmit the infection in the first six months after the infection @) ~~ @and (by Teasing is an example of (@) social violence (>) bullying (©) verbal violence (@) visual violence Which of the following is related to psychological drug dependence? (@) The person expertences a craving thdrawal from the drug produces psychological symptoms (©) Withdrawal from the drug produces physical symptoms (@)__ Allofthe above [TURN OVER]6 HEC101V OctiNov 2012 1.28 The state of a person’s health may be determined by the following factors @ () © @ prenatal factors perinatal factors postnatal factors all of the above 1.29 The first emotion that individuals experience when told they have a terminal illness is (@) depression () bargaining © — denial @ anger 130 determines what you can become Oo () heredity (© environment (@ chromosomes [30] SECTION ‘Choose and answer any TWO (2) questions in this section (70 marks) QUESTION 2 2.1 Briefly indicate the criteria that you would use to determine if the health, safety and nutrition curriculum 1s appropriate for the leamers in a particular grade or phase. (is) 2.2 Discuss ways in which an educator can support the family of a learner who 1s suffering from a chronic illness (13) 2.3 Define the term “health” according to the World Health Organisation of the United Nations (S) (35) [TURN OVER]7 HEC101V OctNov 2012 QUESTION 3 3.1 Explain why health and safety education are important for learners in today’s world (10) 3.2. “The health of family members can be affected by their economic and social standing in the community” Do you agree with this statement? Explain (10) 3.3. A local Councillor has mvited you as a health educator to deliver a speech on HIV prevention at a community health awareness day. What are the key messages about HIV prevention you would incorporate in your speech? (as) BS] QUESTION 4 4.1 According to Reddy and Tobias (1994-20) the terms “health education” and “health promotion” are confused with one another. Provide a clear distinction between these two terms (10) 4.2 Parents are regarded as the most important stakeholders in the school system. What role do you think parents can play in the health education of their children? 0) 4.3 Cittically discuss some of the factors which have been linked to the increasing incidence of child abuse in South Africa and indicate the possible role you think the educator can play in preventing or mitigating some of these factors. (a3) BS] ITOTAL: 100] FIRST EXAMINER: Dr MC Maphatala SECOND EXAMINER: Mrs MJ Sethusha © UNISA 2012