Sample Paper-05

Class XII Physics (Theory)

Time allowed: 3 hours

Maximum Marks: 70
Solutions

1. The conventional direction of electric current in a circuit tells the direction of flow of positive
charge. The direction of flow of electrons gives the direction of electronic current, which is
opposite to that of conventional current.
2. BH = 3Bv
B cos = 3B sin
1
tan =
3
= 30
3. Television signals are of high frequencies, they can be reflected to earth by ionosphere whereas
sky waves are reflected from ionosphere.
4.

h
h
=
K p < Ke
p
2mk
6. No work is done in moving a charge from one point on equipotential surface to the other.
Therefore component of electric field intensity along the equipotential surface is zero. Hence, the
surface is perpendicular to field lines.
7. Given N = 50, r = 20 cm = 0.2 m
I = 12 A
M = NIA = NI ( r 2 )

5. =

M = 50 x 12 (0.2) 2 = 75.4 Am 2
8.

c
v

= =

3 x 188
= 6 x 1012 m
19
5 x 10
0

= 0.06 A
This wavelength corresponds to X-rays which are used in diagnostic tool and treatment for
certain forms of cancer.
9.
nh
mr
4 0 h 2 2
r=
n
Ze 2 m
Ze 2
v=
4 0 nh
For n =3, Z = 2, v = 1.46 x 106 m s-1
v=

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v
v
= 0.005 Non-relativistic approximation is valid because << 1.
c
c
10. This is because the current gain of common emitter transistor amplifier is much higher as
compared with that of common base transistor amplifier.
11. (a) The circuit arrangement as shown below

(b) Applying Kirchhoffs second law to the circuit abcda.

n I (nr ) IR + ' = 0

I=

' n

R + nr
Charging current
' n
I=
R + nr
(i) Potential difference across the combination V is given by
V IR + ' = 0
V = ' IR
( ' n )
R + nr
'( R + nr ) '+ n
V=
R + nr
'( R + nr 1) + n
V=
R + nr
12. RBC = RAC RAB = (2000 500) = 1500
Equivalent resistance Rp of parallel combination of 1500 and 500 is
1500 x 500
= 375
1500 + 500
Total resistance of circuit = (500 + 375) = 875
50
2
Current I =
A=
A
875
35
(i) Potential drop across RL is the same as the potential drop across the parallel combination.
Potential drop across RL = 50 - VAB
2
= 50 X 500 = 21.43V
35
(ii) After the load has been removed.
50
1
I'=
A=
A
2000
40
40
R 'BC =
= 1600
1 / 40
V = '

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Or
Total resistance =

4x4
= 2
4+4

10V
= 5A
2
Since the resistance of both the branches is equal therefore the current of 5A shall be equally
distributed.
5
Current through each branch = A = 2.5 A
2
VC VA = 2.5 x 1= 2.5

Current I =

VC VB = 2.5 x 3=7.5
VA VB = (VC VB ) (VC VA ) = 7.5V 2.5V = 5.0V
13. Given d = 0.15 mm = 0.15 x 10-3 m
= 450nm = 450 x 109 m, D = 1.0m
(a) Distance of second bright maximum from central maximum (n=2)
nD 2 x 1.0 x 450 x 109
y2 =
=
m = 6 x 103m = 6mm
3
d
0.15 x 10
Distance of second dark fringe from central maximum(n=2)
1 D
1 1.0 x 450 x 109

y '2 = n
= 2
m
2 2
2 0.15 x 103

= 4.5 x 10 3 m = 4.5mm

(b) If screen is moved away from the slits, D increases, so fringe width =

D
increases.
d

14. F = q (v x B )
(a) Force acts in a direction normal to the velocity vector. Thus work done by the force is zero
and kinetic energy remains same.
(b) We know that P = F .v
P = Fv cos
At any instant of time force and velocity vector are mutually perpendicular ( =900). So the
instantaneous power is zero.
15. Given
V = 3H
Total intensity of earths magnetic field = 0.4 G

Be = V 2 + H 2
0.4 = ( 3H ) 2 + H 2
0.4 = 3H 2 + H 2
0.4 = 2 H
H = 0.2G
V = 3 x 0.2G
(a) Angle of dip

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H
3H
1
= tan 1
= tan ( 3)
H
= 600
(b) The horizontal component of earths magnetic field H = 0.2 G

= tan 1

16.

r=
rp
rd
rp

2mqv
mv
p
2mk
=
=
=
qB qB
qB
qB

m p q
m p 2q p
=
4m p q p
m q p

q
r
2
17. ga 1.5 R1 = R2 = 20cm
=

h1= 5 cm, u = - 10 cm
1 1 1 1
1
= ( 1) =
f
R1 R2 v u
1 1
1
1
(1.5 1)
=
20 20 v 10
2 1 1
0.5 x
= +
20 v 10
1 1 1
1
=
=
v 10 20 20
v = 20cm
m =

h2 v
=
h1 u

v
20
h1 =
x5
u
10
h 2 = 10cm
18. Given L = 31.4 cm
m = 0.2 Am
M =?
When the wire is bent in the form of a semicircle of radius r
L = r = 3.14r
L
31.4
r=
=
= 10cm
3.14 3.14
Distance between the two ends of wire
2l = 2r = 20 cm = 0.2 m
M = m x 2l = 0.2 x 0.2 = 0.04 Am2
Or
Given m1 = m,m2 = 4 m
h2 =

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r = 10 cm = 0.1 m
F = 10gf = 10-2 x 9.8 N
mm
F = 0 12 2
4 r
m(4m)
9.8 x 102 = 107
(0.1) 2
4m2 = 9800 m2 = 2450
m = 49.5 Am
Strength of one pole = 49.5 Am
Strength of other pole = 4 x 49.5 = 198 Am
19.

Be
2m
2mv 23.141.6710-27 10106
B=
=
e
1.610-19

Condition for resonance is v =

or
tesla

=0.655 tesla

B2 e2 rm 2
maximum kinetic energy =
2m
=

(0.655)2 (1.610-19 )2 (0.6)2

J=1.1810-12 J
21.6710-27

1.1810-12
Mev=7.4MeV
1.610-13
20. Sensitivity sensitivity of a potentiometer is related to potential gradient smaller the potential
gradient, more sensitive be the potentiometer.
=

(i) E2 = KI2
1.5 = K x 60 x 10-2
1.5
150
K=
=
= 2.5
2
60 x 10
60
(ii) No, as current is lowered as emf of driver cell is less than balancing cell.
21.

OA = VR, OD = VL, OE = VC, OC = VL VC

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V 2 = VR2 + ( VL - VC )

= i 2 [R 2 +(X L - X C )2 ]
V = i R 2 + ( X L X C )2
V
= R 2 + ( X L X C )2
i
= total resistance offered p impedance

22.

23. (a) The value of diagonals of the square = 2m

1
From the centre to the all the corners =
m
2
q
Now using the formula, V =
4 0 r
Substituting the values, we get V = 5.09 x 102 V
qq
(b) Using the formula, 1 2
4 0 r
Substituting the values, we get Potential energy = - 6.4 x 10-7J
24. The circuit is written as follows:

In loop ABEFA
2I3 + 3I1 = 6
2I1 + 2I2 + 3I1 = 6
5I1 + 2I2 = 6
In loop BEDCB
2I1 + 6I2 = 12
I1 + 3I2 =6
13I2 = 24
24
I2 =
A
13
Using eqn 2,

--(i)

--(ii)

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24
I2 = 6
13
72 6
I1 = 6
= A
13 13
6
24
30
I1 = A, I 2 =
A, I 3 =
A
13
13
13
I1 + 3 x

Or
(a) Potentials at both the points P and Q are positive. P is nearer to the source charge than Q. we
know that the electrostatic potential at a point is inversely proportional to the distance of the
point from the charge.
Therefore, VP>VQ
Potentials at both the points A and B are negative. Point B is farther from the charge than the
point A. So, potential at B is less negative than at A.
Therefore, VB>VA
(b) (P.E)Q (P.E)P> 0; (P.E)A (P.E)B> 0.
(c) When a small positive charge is moved from Q to P, the electric force and displacement are
oppositely directed. So, the work done by the field is negative.
(d) When the negative charge is at B, it will experience a force of repulsion away from the source
charge. The external agency shall have to apply a force towards the charge. Since both the
force and displacement will be in the same direction therefore, the work done will be
positive.
(d) In going from B to A, the negative charge has to perform work against force of repulsion. So,
the K.E decreases.
25.

= (i r1 ) + (e r2 )
= (i + e) (r1 + r2 ) (1)
In QNR,
r1 + r2 + N + = 180 = A + N
N + = 180 = A + N
r1 + r2 = A (2)

=i+e A

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For minimum angle of deviation,

i = e & r1 = r2
m = 2i A
i=

m + A
2

&r =

A
2

A + m
sin

sin i
2
Refractive index =
=
A
sin r
sin
2
Or
Principle
When a coil is rotated in a uniform magnetic field with a uniform angular velocity w flux linked
with coil changes and emf is induced.

Induced emf e = e0sinwf

= NBA w sinwf

Let be angle between B and A at anytime t = wf, = wt

d
As
= w,
dt
Let N be the number of turns in the coil, = B. A

= N B. A = NAB cos
Induced emf e = -

d
d
= - (NAB cos ) = NAB (sin wt) w
dt
dt

E = NAwB sin wt
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= eo sin wt
26. Let an object at O be placed in front of a plane mirror MO at a distance r

A circle is drawn from the centre (O) such that it just touches the plane mirror at point O,
according to Huygens principle XY is the wave front of incident light. If the mirror is absent,
then a similar wave front XY as (XY) would from behind O at distance r

XY can be considered as a virtual reflected ray for the plane mirror. Hence point object placed
in from of the plane mirror produces a virtual image whose distance from the mirror is equal to
the object distance(r).
Or
(a) In a single slit diffraction experiment, if the width of the slit is made double the original
width, then the size of the central diffraction band reduces to half and the intensity of the
central diffraction band increases up to four times.
(b) The interference pattern in a double slit experiment is modulated by diffraction from each
slit. The pattern is the result of the interference of the diffracted wave from each slit.
(c) When a tiny circular obstacle is placed in the path of light from a distant source, a bright spot
is seen at the centre of the shadow of the obstacle. This is because light waves are diffracted
from the edge of the circular obstacle. Which interferes constructively at the centre of the
shadow? This constructive interference produces a bright spot.
(d) Bending of waves by obstacle by a large angle is possible when the size of the obstacle is
comparable to the wavelength of the waves.
On the other hand, the wave length of the light is too small in comparison to the size of the
obstacle. Thus the diffraction angle will be very small. Hence the students are unable to see
each other. On the other hand, the size of the wall is comparable to the wavelength of the
sound waves. Thus the bending of the waves takes place at a large angle. Hence the students
can hear each other.
(e) The justification is that in ordinary optical instruments the size of the aperture involved is
much larger than the wavelength of the light used.

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