iLab

VR

VR (2016)

iLab

 VR

VR

(VR)
VR
Virtual Environment

VR Multi-Sensory
J.J.Gibson
/ 5 VR
MPEG VR

VR VR

360

(Freeview-point)

(Computer Graphics)

(Light Field )

VR (application) 360

VR VR VR

01 (2016-09-20)

 VR

(scenarios) VR

VR

Spatial

Interact

Real-Time

VR VR

01 (2016-09-20)

 VR

VR 360 VR

2.1 VR 360
VR 360 360
180

VR
(Panoramas) VR 360
(Online)VR
2016 VR/AR 360 VR VR
2020 5200 2400 2800
VR 1 3 40% 2025 VR 360
1 7 4 9500 7900

01 (2016-09-20)

 VR

VR 360
VR 360 Youtube 360
VR 360 8000 ; Samsung Gear Oculus CV1 Oculus 360 Video
1000 ;Vrideo 360 HTC Vive
Oculus Samsung Gear 360 4K 360
400 70%
360
Next VR VR 360 /VR 360
NBA VR 360

VR 360 VR
Youtube TOP N 360 20.5 VR 360
4 Samsung Gear 100

2.2 VR 360
2.2.1
VR 360

2016 2015
30 10%~9%

01 (2016-09-20)

 VR

2015

2018

2020

2025

30

38

44

58

30

38

44

62

36 (eMarketer)

47 ()

(9%~8%)

2020 2025 44 60
VR 360

2020

2025

VR

0.55%

1.32%

VR

0.65%

1.58%

2.2.2
2016 VR
20 VR 360 HMD

2020 60 2025
120
1
VR (2016) VR 34
VR 360 10 VR
Netflix VR 2025
VR Netflix TDG Research 2015
Netflix 93
2025 VR 360
VR 360
19:00-23:00 8:2
20%

01 (2016-09-20)

 VR

2016

2020

2025

10

52

93

(19:00-23:00)

80%

80%

80%

(19:00-23:00)

10.4

18.6

(19:00-23:00)

2*60*B*
N1/3600

10.4*60*B*
N1/3600

18.6*60*B*
N1/3600

B:VR 360
N1: VR

2
2016 2
2025 4 1.5 2
NBA 2~2.5 2
2

70

VR 360

8%-15%

2%-8%

0.5%-2%

N2*R*B

B:VR 360
N2: VR

2016

2020

2025

(19:00-23:00)

2*60*B*N1/3600+
N2*R*B

10.4*60*B*N1/3600+
N2*R*B

18.6*60*B*N1/
3600+ N2*R*B

N2*R*B(
)

01 (2016-09-20)

 VR

VR 360

3.1 FOV
360
180
(Field of View FOV)

FOV 90 1/8FOV 120

2/9 /Pad/Phone VR 90

3.2
VR
VR

1
VR 360

2 Motion-to-Photons Latency, MTP

MTP 20ms VR OculusHTC
Vive GPU
Motion-to-Photons Latency 20ms
01 (2016-09-20)

 VR
3
VR
VR
4vergence-accommodation conflict

FOV OTT
VR 360 VR 360
(FOV ) FOV (Pixels per degree,
PPD)PPD
PPD 60 PPD 60
Youtube VR 360 4K H.264
20Mbps
4K 960*960
90 10 60 PPD
TV/PC/Pad SD

()

()

()

()

PPD

FOV

TV

60

1.5

0.98

0.55

360

240

10

36

PC

24

0.6

0.39

0.22

360

240

10

36

Pad

10

0.25

0.16

0.09

360

240

10

36

VR (HMD)(TV/PC/Pad/Phone)
PPD VR 360
4K
8K FOV=90 8K
1920*1920 PPD=22 12K 2880*2880
PPD 32 VR 360

VEVR
VR(Weak-Interactive VR) VR(Interactive VR)VR 360
VR

VR 360 Motion-to-Photons
LatencyMTPMTP 20ms
01 (2016-09-20)

 VR

FOV FOV
20ms /

3.3
VR 360

VR 360

Equirectangular projection(ERP) VR 360

90

YoutubeOculusSamsung Gear
VR 360

Platonic solid projection(PSP)

12 2016 5
MPEG Samsung PSP

01 (2016-09-20)

 VR
Projections

3D Model

Tetrahedron

2D Projection

Vertexes

Area Ratio

3.31x

2.11x

1.91x

1.22x

1.65x

1.05x

20

1.32x

0.84x

12

1.21x

0.77x

(4 faces)

Cube
(6 faces)

Octahedron
(8 faces)

Dodecahedron
(12 faces)

Icosahedron
(20 faces)

VR 360
H.264 HEVC VP9
01 (2016-09-20)

10

 VR
HEVC VP9 H.264 30%
MPEG HEVC (H.266)
HEVC 30%
3D VR 360

3D VR 360
2D 3D
3D
VR 360 2D VR 360 25%

3.4
VR 360 FOV

360
VR
360 5-10
8K VR 5G

360

VR FOVField of View

FOV

FOV 360

Facebook FOV 30
20% 20% VR

3.4.1

FOV
20ms

MPEG.DASHHASHLSHPD
01 (2016-09-20)

11

 VR
FOV

3.4.2 FOV
FOV

20ms
E2E<20ms

MPEG.DASHHASHLSHPD

(1) 1~N
i FOV FOV
(2) N
(MPD)
(3) VR 360 (MPD)

(4) i i VR 360
t0 t0
b0

(5) t1
j i j j
VR 360 t1+t
b0 i t j

Facebook 2016 FOV

PSP ERP 20%
E2E 20ms FOV

01 (2016-09-20)

12

 VR

FOV FOV
FOV
360
ERP 20%
Facebook

(1) 30
MPEG-DASH .
(2) FOV
(3) FOV
FOV

(4) FOV
FOV
Buffer FOV

01 (2016-09-20)

13

 VR

Facebook FOV
FOV

3.5
3.5.1
VR 360 TCP

1
VR 360
X1
Y
Z

T1 X1+Y+ZT1
Ratevr VR 360 Buffertime
Ds TCP
X1*RTT
S*RTT TCP Z TCP

P PLRPacket Loss Rate

BW MSS
RTT TCP

01 (2016-09-20)

14

 VR

2
VR 360 TCP N

N=1.5
3

Motion-to-Photons Latency, MTP

()
X2

Y
Z

MTP T2T2 20ms

T3 X2+Y+Zmin(T2,T3) Facebook
FOV Facebook
T2
T3
Ratevr
VR 360 Buffertime Ds TCP

X2*RTT S*RTT TCP

Z TCP

P PLRPacket Loss Rate

BW MSS
RTT TCP

01 (2016-09-20)

15

 VR

FOV
(Facebook)

3.5.2
VR 360
UDP
VR 360 TCP
1
VR 360
X1
1 I
Y
Z

T1 X1+Y1+Z1T1
FCCFast Channel Change FCC
1.3
Ratevr VR 360 GopTime Gop T1
X1*RTTjoin Tload
UCP

UDP
0RTT RTTjoin

2
VR 360 TR-126
-6
4K <10 RET
-4
10

Motion-to-Photons Latency, MTP

01 (2016-09-20)

16

 VR
()
X2

Y
Z

MTP T2T2 20ms

T3 X2+Y+Zmin(T2,T3) Facebook
FOV Facebook
T2
T3
Ratevr
VR 360 GopTime Gop T3
X2*RTTjoin Tload
UCP

( UDP)

FOV

(Faceb
ook)

3.6
VR 360

VR 360
VR

01 (2016-09-20)

17

 VR

3.6.1
VR 360 Pre- VR(2016 )
HMD Samsung Gear
Youtube 4K VR 360
1.

90
2K

2.

3840*1920
960*960
2D
8bit
30fps
165:1
H.264
16Mbps

3.

PPD11
TV 240P
20

4.

25Mbps()

5.

20.8Mbps()

3.6.2
VR 360 Entry-Level VR
(2016 )
4K 8K PC
480P PPD
1.

90
4K

2.

7680*3840
1920*1920
2D
8bit

01 (2016-09-20)

18

 VR
30fps
165:1
H.264
64Mbps
3.

PPD21
TV 480P
20

4.

100Mbps()

5.

83.2Mbps()

3.6.3
VR 360 Advanced VRHMD
3 5

1.
120
8K
2.
11520*5760
3840*3840
2D
10bit(HDR)
60fps
215:1
HEVC/VP9
279Mbps
3.
PPD32
TV 2K
20~60
4.
418Mbps()

01 (2016-09-20)

19

 VR
5.
361.4Mbps()

3.6.4
VR 360 Ultimate VRHMD
10

1.

120
16K

2.

23040*11520
7680*7680
3D
12bit
120fps
350:1
H.266
3.29Gbps

3.

PPD64
TV 4K
>60

4.

4.93Gbps()

987Mbps( Facebook )
2.35Gbps( Facebook )
5.

4.277Gbps()
856Mbps( Facebook )
2.35Gbps( Facebook )

3.6.5
Entry-Level VR
VR
8K VR 360
Advanced VR
Ready

01 (2016-09-20)

20

 VR
Ultimate VR
FOV Facebook FOV

FOV

VR 360
VR 360
Standard

Pre-VR

Entry-Level VR

Advanced VR

Ultimate VR

<20

<20

20~60

>60

Now~2

Now~2

3~5

5~10

12K 2D

24K 3D

4K 2D 8K 2D
(Youtube)

7680*3840
3840*1920

11520*5760

23040*11520

960*960[
90 ]

1920*1920 [
90 ]

3840*3840[

120 ]

7680*7680[

120 ]

PPD 1

11

21

32

64

TV

240P

480P

2K

4K

(bit)

10HDR

12

1651

1651

215:1 2

350:1(3D) 2

30

30

60

120

16M

64M

279M

3.29G

25Mbps

100Mbps

418Mbps

1Gbps(FOV) 5

RTT
4

40ms

30ms

20ms

10ms

1.4E-4

1.5E-5

1.9E-6

5.5E-8

1PPD Pix per Degree 60 PPD

2 H.264HEVC H.266 , 3D

3 1.5
01 (2016-09-20)

21

 VR
4 TCP

5 2.35Gbps1Gbps

01 (2016-09-20)

22

 VR

VR

4.1 VR
4.1.1 VR

4K/8K VR
10
20M~30M 4K/8K
30M~100M VR
Gbit
VR
VR
VR
ready VR
VR
1 VR
VR
DCI

VR Gbit
VR VR

VR 4K/8K
VR VR
Gbit 10Gbit
VR

01 (2016-09-20)

23

 VR
4-1

2
VR

VR
100

BRAS/CR

3
VR VR
TCP OTT VR
TCP
TCP VR

2/3
200KM/ms

IP
burst

TCP

Wi-Fi
TCP

4.1.2 VR
Entry-Level VR

VR 100M
2 4K 25M
10M

01 (2016-09-20)

24

 VR
160M >200M
Advanced VR

VR 400M 2
2 4K 25M VR

20M VR
870M 1G
Ultimate VR

VR 2.35G(FOV ) 2
200M
4.9G 5G FOV

4.1.3 VR
VR
VR

1.

Gbit Gbit 10Gbit VR VR

2.

10G/40G/100G PON OLT 400G

3.

10T PB

4.

100

5.

Wi-Fi 802.11adsnap Wi-Fi

4.2
VR

Wi-Fi
Wi-Fi
Wi-Fi VR

Wi-Fi 802.11n 300M

Advanced VR 400M VR
2.35GFOV 5G

01 (2016-09-20)

25

 VR

VR VR

Wi-Fi

2.4G

2.4G

Wi-Fi

Wi-Fi Advanced VR 802.11ac

Wi-Fi 1G-1.3G
Ultimate VR 5G 802.11ac
Wave2 6.93G
802.11ad WiGig 7G
802.11ax 802.11ay Wi-Fi

SSID
2.4G Wi-Fi 4K Advanced
VR 5G Wi-Fi Ultimate VR 60G Wi-Fi
802.11ad/802.11ay 5G Wi-Fi802.11ac Wave2/802.11ax

Wi-Fi
Wi-Fi
Wi-Fi ( AP)Wi-Fi
RepeaterPLC AP ETH AP
Advanced VR
Ultimate VR ETH AP

AP

Wi-Fi EMI

DMSDirected Multicast Service GCR(Groupcast with

Retries) Wi-Fi

VR Wi-Fi

Wi-Fi MU-MIMOBeamforming
802.11ac/802.11ad/802.11ax/802.11ay5G/60G

Wi-Fi

SSID

Wi-Fi

4.3

FTTB/C
FTTH ADSLVDSL2VectoringSuper VectoringG.fast
GPON EPON

01 (2016-09-20)

26

 VR
VR

4.3.1

GPON 1G/ 2.5GEPON 1G/ 1G 2.5G/ 10G

GPON 10G/ 10G EPON 40G PON
100G PON
VR
FTTH
4-2

G PON VR 200M
1G 30% 16
1:16 VR 1G G PON

10G PONVR 200MVR

1G 30%10G 33
1:32 VR 5G 10G PON
40G/100G PON
40G PONVR VR
40G PON VR 1G 40%
100 1:64 1:128VR
5G 40% 20 1:16
100G PON 100G PON
VR 100G PON VR VR
5GFOV
40% 50
1:64 FOV

4.93G 10G 40% 25

1:16
OLT :OLT

01 (2016-09-20)

27

 VR

ONT

4.3.2
ADSL/VDSL2
ADSL 25MVDSL2 50M
4K/8K 30M-100M
Gbps VR
Vectoring VDSL , Vectoring
120M 4K/8K VR
200M
SuperVectoring Vectoring 17MHz 35MHz
300 300M300 700 100MVR
SuperVectoring

G.fast Vectoring 106MHz

1Gbps 100
G.fast 1Gbps 1G
200M 800M
4K/8K
Advanced VR
SuperVectoring G.fast
VR SuperVectoring VR G.fast
Advanced VR
PON

VR

4.3.3 VR
4-1 VR

GPON

10G PON

40G PON

01 (2016-09-20)

VR

VR

VR

(100M)

(418M)

2.35G (FOV)

1:32

30M

1:64

10M

1:32

300M

1:64

100M

1:32

1G

4.93G

28

 VR

VR

VR

VR

(100M)

(418M)

2.35G (FOV)

4.93G

1:64

500M

1:16

6G

1:32

3G

1:64

1.5G

G.fast

800M

Super
Vectoring

300M

Vectoring

120

100G PON

G.fast 1G 200M 800M

VR 200M SuperVectoringG.fast 10G PON

VR 1G 40G PON

VR 5G 100G PON

OLT

4.4
VR4K/8K G bit G bit

01 (2016-09-20)

29

 VR
4-3

VR4K

CDN

98.7%

CDN BNG
CO
4-4

LSW BNG CR
OLT BNGOTN CO
01 (2016-09-20)

30

 VR

OLT 1:2

BNG 1:2

CR 1:2

OLT 4000

BNG 20 OLT

CR 10 BNG

4-2
VR

VR

VR

(Mbps)

200

1000

5000

15%

30%

40%

10%

20%

30%

CR (G)

150

6000

6000

CR (G)

300

12000

120000

BNG (G)

60

1200

12000

BNG (G)

120

2400

24000

OLT (G)

120

1200

OLT (G)

12

240

2400

CR(G)

450

7020

180000

BNG(G)

180

3600

36000

OLT(G)

18

360

3600

BNG VR 3.6T VR
36T 70% 5T
50T
CR VR 7T VR
180T 70% CR 10T
257T
CR CR 10 BNG
CR 500
VR CR 5000000/4000/20*180T/10=1125T
70%
CR 1607T
P bit
01 (2016-09-20)

31

 VR
VR VR

VR

4.5 FOV

VR FOV

4.5.1 VR
FOV url

4-3 VR url( 12 )

url

url a1

url a2

+30

url a3

+60

url a12
b

+330

url b1

url b2

+30

url b3

+60

url b12

+330

01 (2016-09-20)

32

 VR
4-5 FOV VR

WEB WEB url

url
FOV VR url WEB
url
url WEB
url URL
url

V1
V2 V2
V1 V2
V2
4-6

A.
01 (2016-09-20)

33

 VR
B. V1 V2
C. V2
D. V2
V1 V2
1.

V1 GOP V2
V2 V1 GOP GOP

2.

V1 GOP V2
V2 V1 GOP GOP V1
GOP1 GOP2 V2 V2
GOP3 V1 GOP2 V2 GOP3

V1 V2 GOP
V2 V1 GOP
V2

4.5.2 VR

FOV VR

4-4 FOV VR

235.254.196.1

235.254.196.2

+30

235.254.196.3

+60

235.254.196.12

+330

235.254.197.1

235.254.197.2

+30

235.254.197.3

+60

235.254.197.12

+330

01 (2016-09-20)

34

 VR
VR ONT IGMP Proxy
BNGOLT IGMP Proxy VR Gbps
IGMP Proxy

4-7 VR

FOV

4-8 FOV VR

01 (2016-09-20)

35

 VR
IPTV
VR

IPTV 2s VR

4.6
4.6.1

70% 360p720p1080p
4K 8K

+
2D / 3D /

IP
QoS

OTT

85% 25%

2014 Netflix Comcast

4.6.2

3 1050

VR 2.35G(FOV ) 5G

01 (2016-09-20)

36

 VR

QoS

OTT

4-9

vNet DetNet

vNet
vNet
1
2
01 (2016-09-20)

37

 VR
3ICT
4
4-10 vNet

DetNet
DetNet

TSNTime Sensitive Network

1
buffer
DetNet
2DetNet flow
MPLS TE LSP
3

4.7 -NDSA
VR
CAPEX OPEX

OPEX CAPEX

10
VR 100

01 (2016-09-20)

38

 VR

BRAS
OLT

4.7.1

NFV VM
VR
10
VM

01 (2016-09-20)

39

 VR
4-11

4.7.2
VR VR VR

IP

VR

4-12

4.7.3
20~22

VR
VR

01 (2016-09-20)

40

 VR
4-13

OPEX

4.8 OTT VR
4K
TCP
*
4K OTT
OTT

4K
OTT OTT

OTT

4K VR
OTT VR
VR
1G 100T1000W 10000T
OTT

4.8.1 SAMF
SAMFShared Adaptive Multicast Framework

OTT VR CDN

01 (2016-09-20)

41

 VR

OTT
OTT VR
IPTV
4-14 SAMF

TV TV VR

Wi-Fi Wi-Fi

4.8.2 SAMF
SAMF E2E
4-15 SAMF

U2M OTT
U2M OTT
U2M OTT TCP
U2M OTT TCP/HTTP
HLS,DASH
U2M M2U U2M M2U

M2U OTT
M2U APP
Wi-Fi
M2U APP
UDP TCP,
01 (2016-09-20)

42

 VR
4-5 M2U APP

UDP

10Gbps
500

1.

UDP
2.
GUIC
UDP
SDKOTT APP 3.

SDK 4.

1. APP

2.

TCP/HTTP

30

(<=10) M2U

1. APP
2.

HLS 3. M2U

1. M2U

2.

HTTP

UDP M2U

CPU OTT APP SDK

APP OTT
HLS
UDP

TS
10S
TS
TS
BSS/OSS

01 (2016-09-20)

43

 VR
4-16 U2M

U2M SDK APP

OTT

OTT ID IP
OTT URL U2M IP
U2M IP OTT

4-17 M2U

01 (2016-09-20)

44

 VR
M2U APP OTT URL SDK
SDK M2U M2U
M2U
APP

4.9
VR

1.

2.

3.

4.

4-18 VR

VR
VR

VR

01 (2016-09-20)

45

 VR

VR

VR
Pokemon Go

VR
VR
VR ARMRAR MR
AR MR

VR
SDN/NFV VR

SD 4K
VR 2K4K VR
VR
VR VR
VR
VR

01 (2016-09-20)

46