Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ENGINEERING STUDENT
CERTIFICATE
WORKSHOP
D1.4
Climate Justice and our Built Space
Why Air Conditioning India is not enough,
Why we must Fair Condition it
KEY TAKEAWAYS
1.Understanding the relationship between the
economy, environment, responsibility,
climate justice and the solutions
the Head
Economy
Environment
the Heart
Responsibility
Justice
the Hands
Targets
Solutions
the Head
Source: Fairconditioning & Chaturvedi V, Sharma M, Chattopadhyay S, and Purohit P. HFC emission scenarios
for India. CEEW report
150
225
200.0
150.0
196
182
168
80
131
73
110
62
50.0
32
9
36
11
41
13
47
15
67
74
53
17
20
23
26
82
30
91
33
66
99
59
53
38
88
143
120
100.0
97
153
104
100
43
48
50
0.0
0
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035
Year
Room ACs
Commercial ACs
211
Source: Energy Statistics 2012 Central Statistics Office, Ministry Of Statistics And Programme Implementation , Govt. of India
Source: Energy Statistics 2012 Central Statistics Office, Ministry Of Statistics And Programme Implementation , Govt. of India
Electric Power in kW
500000
400000
300000
200000
100000
0
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012 2013
2014
2015
Source: Central Electricity Authority General Review 2006 & 2009 and Planning Commissions Integrated Energy Policy Report 2006
The requirement
The availability
Source: Energy Statistics 2012 Central Statistics Office, Ministry Of Statistics And Programme Implementation , Govt. of India
Source: THE ASSOCIATION FOR THE STUDY OF PEAK OIL AND GAS , NEWSLETTER No. 100 APRIL 2009
Source: THE ASSOCIATION FOR THE STUDY OF PEAK OIL AND GAS , NEWSLETTER No. 100 APRIL 2009
Global peak:
Electricity Tariff
Increase
Rate Effective
From
Punjab
2.7 %
1 April 2014
Kerala
24 %
16 Aug 2014
AP
23%
1 April 2013
Haryana
13%
1 April 2013
Karnataka
32 Paise
1 May 2014
Type
HFC
2088
HCFC
1810
HFC
1430
HFC
675
R290 Propane
HC, Natural
3.3[16]
R1270 Propylene
HC, Natural
1.8[16]
Natural
R717 Ammonia
Natural
Power Plants
1,200
1,010
1,000
800
642
416
600
235
400
200
44
95
338
186
Power Plants
0
2015
2020
GHG Emissions
2025
2030
Source: FairConditioning
22
In 2030
AC GHG Emissions from India ~ 338 Million Tonnes CO2e per year
~ 1.35 Billion Trees required per year
Source: FairConditioning
Source: Vital Climate Graphics based on the IPCCs Third Assessment Report (TAR) Copyright
2005: UNEP, UNEP/GRID-Arendal
Source: Vital Climate Graphics based on the IPCCs Third Assessment Report (TAR)
Copyright 2005: UNEP, UNEP/GRID-Arendal
> Built
Space
> AC
Space %
> AC
Energy +
Ref. Use
> GHG
Emissions
the Heart
Fire Safety
(YUP)
(Eh!)
Thoughtful
Architecture
Reality check:
Its a humanitarian issue, not
'just' an environmental issue
Reality check:
were Hiding behind the Poor
WORLD AVERAGE
USA AVERAGE
Sustainable Footprint (by 2050) 1.7 TONNES CO2e PER PERSON PER ANNUM
Carbon footprint of the 4 highest income classes earning > Rs 8,000 per month (150 million
people), exceeds sustainable levels
no2co2 research:
footprints of most Urban Indians who use ACs, drive to work, fly domestically and internationally,
are on par with those of Western European and North American citizens.
Reality check:
its about Carbon Space
not just about melting polar ice-caps
Economy
National
Action Plan
for Climate
Change &
UNFCCC
the Hands
Solutions
< kWh
< GHG
Emissions
< Life
Cycle
Cost
Sust.
HVAC
HVAC
Others
7%
Source: CEA 2009
Confidential Property of Schneider Electric
18%
Industry
46%
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
2022
2024
2026
1,932
109
1,822
2028
Commercial Floor Space Projection for India (Assuming 5-6% annual growth)
Confidential Property of Schneider Electric
102
1,720
96
1,624
84
90
1,534
1,372
74
1,298
1,228
65
1,163
1,102
1,044
990
847
805
765
728
659
500
692
40 42
37
33 35
940
1000
57 61
54
51
45 48
69
79
1,450
1500
892
Million m2
2000
2030
46685
40220
40000
GWh
30000
35965
28201
31381
20000
14.6
11.3
10000
11.8
16.1
0
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
5
1
Area (m2)
# Annual
Hours
kWh
kWh/m2/year
kWh/m2/hr
Office (All)
17,100
4,570
3,457,000
242
0060
Public sector
12,800
2,420
1,380,000
109
0048
Private sector
18,600
5,350
4,202,000
290
0064
One shift
21,600
2,120
2,389,000
158
0075
Two shift
8,800
4,290
2,064,000
243
0058
Three shift
23,900
8,120
6,929,000
348
0044
Conditioned >=50%
14,600
4,820
3,615,000
269
0065
Conditioned <50%
28,600
3,420
2,727,000
83
0037
Area (m2)
# Beds
kWh
kWh/m2/year
kWh/bed/year
8,200
170
2,398,000
362
13,998
Area (m2)
# Rooms
kWh
kWh/m2/year
kWh/room/year
9,300
100
2,347,000
271
19,396
14,300
150
3,513,000
274
20,381
Area (m2)
kWh
kWh/m2/year
kWh/m2/hr
10,700
2,370,000
252
0056
Hospitals
Multi specialty hospitals
Hotels
Shopping Malls
Shopping Malls
Mean for different commercial buildings (Source: Building Energy Benchmarking study undertaken by the USAID ECO-III Project)
53
54
55
56
Monthly residential energy consumption profile for below-average EPI for composite climate
Source: Indo-Swiss Building Energy Efficiency Project 2014
57
58
2012
Schneider Electric:Energy Efficiency
2030
2050
59
Potential
Average office building
> 60 kWh/m2.year
> 14 Rs/ft2.month
6
0
Potential
Average hotel
Best-in-class hotels
> 23 Rs/ft2.month
> 11 Rs/ft2.month
Potential
> Infosys Pocharam SDB 1 and 2:
> Orientation, shading
> Daylighting, high performance glazing, high efficiency lighting
> Radiant Cooling
> 1 conventionally air-conditioned wing, 1 radiant cooled wing
> Radiant cooled wing operating at 80 kWh/m2/year (business as usual 250-300
kWh/m2/year)
> No added construction cost
6
2
Potential
> Business as usual:
> 100-150 sq. ft. / TR (air-conditioning)
> Office building in Gurgaon (non-profit):
> 50,000 sq. ft., 333 sq. ft. / TR (air-conditioning)
> Office building in Delhi (Central Government):
> 200,000 sq. ft., 260 sq. ft. / TR (air-conditioning), 60 kWh/m2/year
> School in Delhi:
> 90,000 sq. ft., 533 sq. ft. / TR (air-conditioning)
6
3
T&D
loss = 27%
Fuel
100 units
33 units
1 unit saved at
end user
24 units
64
Influencing
Behavior
Improving
Efficiency
Educators
Decision
makers
Influencers
Practitioners
Integrating
Alternatives
fairconditioning
approach
Ecosystem Diagram
Fairconditioning Projects
Goal
Space
Structure
Sustainability
Thoughtful
Architecture
& Cooling
The ACIP deeply embeds skills related to working with sustainable cooling technologies (for
engineering academia) and efficient building design centered around building physics and
relevant sustainable design principles (for architecture academia) through workshops
designed to enhance sustainable design pedagogy skills amongst Architecture professors,
facilitate activity-based learning process amongst students, as well as accomplish seamless
syllabus integration of sustainability and efficiency into official University-defined curricula.
Training Focus
Building
Physics
Building Heat
Load
Modelling
Active Cooling
Principles
Certificate
Program
Sustainable
Cooling
Technologies
Conventional
HVAC System
Environmental
Issues
Program Metrics
Project
ACIP Engineering
ACIP Architecture
BEMAP HVAC
BEMAP Architect
Nos. of Cities
Workshops/City/year
Nos. of Years
Beneficiaries/3 years
1440 Stud.
720 Profs.
Institutions/3 years
24 Colleges
120 Colleges
288 firms
288 firms
Climate Justice
Climate Justice
THE 'HUMAN IMPACT REPORT: CLIMATE CHANGE' RELEASED BY THE
GLOBAL HUMANITARIAN FORUM IN MID-2009 CONCLUDED THAT
EVERY YEAR CLIMATE CHANGE:
LEAVES OVER 300,000 PEOPLE DEAD
325 MILLION PEOPLE SERIOUSLY AFFECTED
ECONOMIC LOSSES OF US$125 BILLION
4 BILLION PEOPLE ARE VULNERABLE
500 MILLION PEOPLE ARE AT EXTREME RISK
76
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
In operation since October 2012 with a successful 1.5 year long pilot for
Natural Refrigerant Split ACs
A 3 year program to bridge the gap between knowledge and action in the
cooling sector to Cool India Efficiently and Sustainably
Contact:
Vivek Gilani
Ashoka Fellow
Managing Director, cBalance Solutions Hub
Programme Director, Fairconditioning (India)
vivek@cBalance.in
Philippe DeRougemont
Co-Founder, noe21
Programme Director, Fairconditioning (Switzerland)
phr2@noe21.org