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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I would like to thank Aung Myo Min, director of Human Rights Education Institute of Burma (HREIB)

for his invaluable insight and suggestions. I am indebted to Maung Hla, chairperson of Burma Refugee

Organization (Malayasia), Blogger Demowaiyen, Blogger Kamikaze, and book designer Goldninjar (GNJ) for

their support and assistance with the publication of this book. Moreover, I owe gratitude to the Venerable

Ashin Issariya, a leader of All Burma Monks Alliance (ABMA), to Mum Carol, and to Garrett Kostin, manager

of The Best Friend Library - Chiang Mai, for their activities and special attention to Burmese refugees and

Burma issues. Finally, I wish to record in my mind and book my gratitude to Myo Thein, Director of Burma

Democratic Concern (BDC), as well as many other friends and colleagues.

Blogger Alinsek
8.June.2010
Preface

There are people and organizations that assert—and perhaps even believe—that because
ethnic-Burmese Buddhists are the majority population of Burma, they therefore do not suffer oppression
or injustice at the hands of the military government of that country. This, however, is a tragic misconcep- w
tion that adversely affects the lives of tens of thousands of asylum-seekers in Malaysia, and indeed
millions of Burmese in their own country.
ac
While the UNHCR does extremely admirable work protecting scores of victims of violence and
abuse around the world, it is alarming that a blind eye and an unsympathetic ear seemed to be turned towards
the plethora of research, documentation, and personal testimonials indicating that abuse of, and disregard for, so
human rights against all people in Burma has been systematic and endemic for decades. It is in hopes of
redressing this situation that this book appears.

Burma is one of the least ethnically-homogenous countries in the world. Just a few of the different W
groups include the Kachin, Karenni, Karen, Chin, Burmese (Burman), Mon, Arakan, and Shan. One could argue
that certain groups face more rights abuses than others, but is this a distinction that we should even need
to make? The reality is that all Burmese people—ethnic Burmans and those of other ethnicities—have been re
suffering under the repression of the military dictatorship for many decades. Likewise, all are deserving of to
refuge, protection, and asylum from persecution, as asserted by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

In the absence of of¿cial protection of all refuge-seekers from Burma, this book aims to provide of
knowledge to victims of discrimination and oppression so that they may be better able to defend and protect se
themselves. It is my personal desire that this collection of information, essays, and poetry will also encourage
optimism and empowerment in readers.
th
The author of this collection knows of the issues addressed here ¿rst-hand. As a politically-active re
and irrepressible free-thinker, the ruling Burmese military regime would consider him one of their biggest
enemies, and a threat to their continued hold on power. His living outside of Burma is imperative if he is to
continue his reporting on Burma and his work seeking to help all people of Burma, as well as have a chance la
at ensuring his personal safety. Because of this, and because his situation is not at all unique among Burmese
exiles and migrants, the UNHCR owes all Burmese asylum-seekers an equal chance to lead a life of dignity and
safety, regardless of their ethnicity or religion. ha
T
I ¿rst met Alinsek last year when I needed suggestions and assistance to set up a new branch of w
a Burmese library and information center in Chiang Mai, Thailand. His energy, knowledge, and sharp, powerful
thinking skills impressed me immediately. I am honored to be able to continue our working partnership, and to
have been asked to write the preface for this collection. Alinsek knows exactly what he wants for the future of th
Burma (peace, democracy, and freedom from oppression), what he’s doing (working tirelessly and fearlessly to ar
attain these goals), and he won’t stop. For this I thank and respect him. ra

May we all work together so that all victims of injustice, violence, and fear in Burma and around
the world one day have the chance to lead happy, self-determined, free lives. 19
in
Garrett Kostin
The Best Friend Library (Chiang Mai)
ch
http://www.thebestfriend.org/ Co
http://www.thebestfriend.org/chiangmai/

pr
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kn
Letter from Myo Thein of Burma Democratic Concern(BDC)

se
on Burma, the country with around 60 million people, is located in South East Asia shares the border
ep- with China, Laos, Thailand, Bangladesh and India. The military has dominated government since 1962.
ed
In Burma, if you talk about “human rights” then the regime will labeled you as the
activist working against them.
nd
ds If you ask what does “human rights” mean then the answer will varies from something “scary”,
or, something “regime doesn’t like” or something it will put you in “trouble”.
of
Yes, it is true. Human rights mean a big monster which ruling junta hated most in Burma.

ent Why?
ue
ed The people of Burma have been suffering under one of the world’s most brutal and repressive
en regimes since the military has dominated government for more than ¿ve decades. The junta uses murder,
of torture, rape, political imprisonment and forced labour as practices for ruling the citizens of Burma.
s.
One child in three under the age of ¿ve is already suffering from malnutrition, less than 50 per cent
de of children will complete ¿ve years of education. In Burma, people face complete lack of access to basic social
ect services such as health services, and water sanitation.
ge
Under the military generals, poverty has soared and corruption is growing. Burma spends less
than $3 per person per year on health and education well below the World Health Organization
ve recommended level of $40 per person.
est
to The economic crisis and instability in Burma is driving waves of Burmese children into hard
ce labour, begging and the sex trade. Children under the age of 18 are about 40% of Burma population.
se
nd The military junta does not consider children’s development and welfare as a priority and used almost
half of the state budget is spent to the arm, leaving very little for the vital education and health care systems.
The worst forms of child labour can be seen in Burma in the army, the construction industry, domestic
of work, and the mines or in different places.
ful
to Children are by no means exempt from the forced labour imposed on hundreds of thousands of
of the Burmese population by military. Moreover, the military continues to forcibly recruit children into the
to army, some as young as eleven years old. Military forced young girls to serve as porters and sometimes
rape and used them as sexual slaves.

nd The Burmese government spends seven times less on education than on the armed forces. Since
1990, government expenditure on civilian education has dropped by 70 percent, and the most recent statistics
indicate that spending on education is currently equivalent to less than 1% of the GDP.
ostin
tin
Mai)
ai) According to World Bank ¿gures, Burma’s military government spends only $0.28 per year for every
child in a public school. In Burma, power is centred on the ruling junta--the State Peace and Development
.org/
rg/ Council, or SPDC--which maintains strict authoritarian rule over the people of Burma.
mai/
ai/
Yes, in this prison state, Burma, the human rights means “the term which will send you to
prison”, and the regime regards talking about human rights as “talking about politics which they
would justify imprison people of Burma”.

Until 1988, people of Burma hardly ever heard of “human rights” and hardly ever
know “what are our rights”.
Human rights in Burma are a long-standing concern for the international community
and human rights organizations.

In 1990, people voted for the National League for Democracy (NLD) led by Aung San Suu Kyi.
The ruling junta refuses to hand over power. Instead junta put Aung San Suu Kyi under house arrest
and now again in 2010, junta is planning to hold sham election in order to nullify 1990 election results *
and to legitimise military rule in Burma.
*
This is the most signi¿cant and the most well-known junta abuses of rights of people of Burma.
*
In this situation, I can see the light in the darkness which I would refer to say “Candle in the dark”
when I learnt that Alinsatt’s book writing about the human rights and what are our rights. *


I sincerely wish this book a success and above all, may all the people of Burma could read this
pieces and learn what are their rights are which would be contributing towards earning for our own rights.

-ࠌࠧ
In solidarity,
-ࠌࠧ
Myo Thein
-ࠌࠧ
Burma Democratic Concern (BDC)
-ࠌࠧ
http://www.bdcburma.org
http://bdcburma.wordpress.com/ -ࠌࠧ
http://bdc-burma.blogspot.com/
http://twitter.com/bdcburma -߿
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kut2ORlerOg
ࠋ࠳

-࠲ࠏ

-ࠌࠧ

-U

-ࠖ

-ࠕ

-߿

-߿

-ࠖ

-ࠓ ࠥ

-ࠖ

-ࠔ
ity

ࠛࠓ࠴ࠤ߿ࠤ
Kyi.
est
lts *࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠓࠤࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ߽࠘࠭ࠤ࠮ࠊࠏ࠰ࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯߿ࠧ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ࠕࠤࠊࠤࠗࠎ࠰߻࠭ ࠀࠕࠤࠩࠊࠤ࠰ ࠛࠕ࠴߾࠰ࠜ࡬ࠕࠥࠔࡄ ࠛࠓ࠴ࠤ߿ࠤ

*ࠖࠨࡺࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠯ࠏࠄࠤࠩࠏ࠯ ࠆࠤࠎ (࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠓࠤࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭) ࡄ ࠌࠣࠕࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠊࠤ ࠞࠦ࠯ࠩࠛࠤ߾࠰ࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠓ߾࠰࠯ࡄ ࠛࠓ࠴ࠤ߿ࠤ

*࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠓࠤࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠛ߿ࠄ࠰࠯ࠛࡶ࠭ࠧ࠯ (ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯) ࡄ ࠞߺࡆࠆ ࠞࠦ࠯ࠩࠓࠤ߾࠰ࠖ࠴ࡄ ࠛࠓ࠴ࠤ߿ࠤ


rk”
*߿ࠤࠩࠕ࠯࠘ࠨ ࠒࠩࠖࠤ࠮߻࠰߼ࠣ ࠛࠖ߾࠰࠯ࠀߺ࠰ ࡄ ࠛࠓ࠴ࠤ߿ࠤ

ࠛ߻ࠎ࠰࠯ (࠶) ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ ࠛࠩࠓ࠯࠿ ࠛࠩ࠲ࠐ


his

-ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠀࠥࠧ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ

-ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠒࠔ࠰ࠖࠥࠧ ࠛߺࠤࠛߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ ࠩࠏ࠯࠘ࠖࠪࡀ

-ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠒࠔ࠰ࠖࠥࠧ ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠕࠥ࠴࠘ࠖࠪࡀ

-ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡄ ࠊࠤࠗࠎ࠰ࠗࠊࡗࠕࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠒࠤࠩࠊ࠳࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠖࠪࡀ

-ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠓ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ߺࠥࠧ ࠒࠔ࠰࠘ࠨߺ ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯࠲ࠐࠊ࠰࠘ࠖࠪࡀ

-߿߿࠰ࠏ࠳ࠪࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩ࠘ࠤ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯࠿߿ࠤ࠯ࠎࠏ࠰ࠕࠥߺࡇࠤࠏ࠱ߺ࠰ࠖࠏ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ࠖࠨࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ࠛࡤߺࠓ࠰࠯ࠐ࠱ߺ࠰ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮

ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠖࠤࠩ࠘ࠤ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡤߺࠏࠣ࠘ࠖࠤ࠯ࡀ

-࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ࠩࠎࠕࠤࠓࠪ࠮ࠩࠎ࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ ߺࠥࠧ ࠒࠔ࠰࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ߺ ߺࠨࠄࠦ࠘ࠖࠪࡀ

-ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠙ࠤ ࠊ࠘ࠦ࠯ࠏࠧ߼ࡈࠖࠕࠏ࠰ࠊࠄ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯࠲ࠐࠊ࠰߻࠭ࠔࠨ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠕ࠴ࠥࠏࠣ࠘ࠖࠤ࠯ࡀ

-UNHCR ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠎࠪࡹ ߿ࠦ࠯ࠏ࠳ࠤ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ߺࠨ࠯ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠖࠤ࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠒࠔ࠰ࠖࠥࠧ߻࠳ࠪ࠲߻ࠤ࠯࠘ࠖࠪࡀ

- ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠓ࠘ࠊ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠊࠪ࠮ࠖࠨࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧࠛ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕࠩࠊ࠳ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡺࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠴ࡵ࠴߾࠰ࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠖࠤ࠯ࡀ

-ࠖߺ࠰ࠎߺ࠰ߺࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠊࠏ࠰ࠋࠪ࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠓ࠵߾࠰ࠖࠥࠧ࠘ࠨ ( Draft Evader ) ߺࠥࠧ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠘ࠊ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠓࠖࠤ࠯ࡀ

-ࠕࠤࠁ࠵ࠊ࠰࠘ࠤ࠯ࠊ߿࠰ࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰࠙ࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠖࠤ࠯ࡀ

-߿߿࠰ࠕࠤࠁ࠵ࠊ࠰ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ (war criminal)ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠏࠣ࠘ࠖࠤ࠯ࡀ

-߿߿࠰࠘ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠖࠤ࠯ࡀ

-ࠖࠨࠓ࡮ࠩࠕ࠯ࠋࠥࠎ࠰࠯߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠏࠔ࠰߻࠱ࠊࠪ࠮ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠄ࠴߾࠰࠯ࠏࠓ࠰࠯ࡵ࠴ࠥࠏ࠰߿ߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳ࡦߺ࠭ࠫࠩࠊ࠳ࡹ߻࠭߿ࠤ࠯ࠩࠎࠕࠊࠪ࠮

ࠛࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠘ࠓࠦ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠖࠤ࠯ࡀ

-ࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠏ࠳ࠤ࠯ࠛ߼ࡊࠣߺࠥࠧ ࠐ࠱ߺ࠰ࠩࠊࠤߺ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯(Genital Mutilation ) ߺࠥࠧࠓࠊࠕࠤ࠯߻࠭ࠕࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠘ࠓࠦ࠯ (࠘ࠥࠧࡹ) ࠘ࠨࠓࡄ

ࠩࠓ࠳࠯ߺ߾࠰࠯߿࠘ࠓࠦ࠯߾ࠔ࠰ࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠖࠤ࠯ࡀ

-ࠖࠥ߾࠰ࠓ࡮ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ߻࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠐࠤߺ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ ( Sexual Orientation ) ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠓࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠛ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠩࠏ࠯߻࠭ࠕࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠩࡤߺࠤߺ࠰ࠖࠎ࠰ࡹࠩࠎ࠘ࠨ

࠙ࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠖࠤ࠯ࡀ

-ࠔࠤࠔࠦߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠏ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ ( Temporary Protection ) ࠀࠥࠧࠊࠤࠒࠤࠖࠪࡀ


-UNHCR ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࡶࠧࠏ࠰ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤࠩ߿ࠤ࠰ߺࠤ࠯ࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳ࠓ࠴ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠓࠄ࠰࠘ࠥࠧࡹߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯࠘ࠖࠪࡀ ࠛ

-ࠓࠥ࠘ࠤ࠯߿ࠧࠎࠪࡹߺ࠳ࠪ࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤ ߺࠩࠖ࠯߾ࠔ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪࡺࠓࠥ࠘ࠤ࠯߿ࠧࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠒࠔ࠰ࠖࠥࠧࠕ࠴ࠤࠩࠐ࠳ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠓࠖࠪࡀ

-࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰ࠩࠎࠕࠤ߻࠱ࠋࠤ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ (resettlement) ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ UNHCR ࠕࠪࡺ ࠓࠨ࠵ࠣࠌࠩࠊ࠳ߺ ࠒࠤ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠏࠣ࠘ࠖࠪࡀ -ࠓ

-ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰ࠩࠎࠕࠤ߻࠱ࠋࠤ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧ߻ࠧߺࠥࠧ ࠞࠦ࠯߿ࠤ࠯ࠩࠏ࠯ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠖࠤ࠯ࡀ -ࠓ

-ࠓࠄ࠰࠘ࠄ࠰࠮ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰ࠩࠎࠕࠤ߻࠱ࠋࠤ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ࠩ࠵߿ࠧ ( Resettlement Quota ) ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠏࠣ࠵߾࠰ࠏࠣ࠘ࠖࠪࡀ -ࠓ

-UNHCR ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࠒࠤࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠩ࠵߿ࠧࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠓ࠲ࠐࠄ࠰࠮ࠀࠄ࠰࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠊࠤࠖࠪࡀ -ࠓ

-ࠩࠖ࠴߻ࠥࠧ࠯߿ࠦ࠯ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠖࠤ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ( Stowaways ) (࠘ࠥࠧࡺ) ࠏ߾࠰ࠖࠔ࠰࠲ࠏ߾࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤߺࠔ࠰ࠊ߾࠰߻࠭ࠕࠊࠪ࠮࠘ࠨࠩ -ࠓ

ࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ ( Asylum ) ࠕࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠓࠖࠤ࠯ࡀ

-UNHCR ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓࠪ࠮ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ (Statelessness ) ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠓࠄ࠰࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠲ࠏࠫࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠏࠣ࠘ࠖࠪࡀ ࠛ

ࠛ߻ࠎ࠰࠯ (࠷) ࠖࠨࡺࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ ࠛࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ -ࠌࠧ

-R

-ࠖࠧࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ ࠀࠥࠧ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ -R

-ࠖࠧࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࡄ ࠛࠩ࠲߻߻࠭ࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ -ࠛ

-ࠛ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࡤߺ࠲߾ࠤ߿ࠤࠊࠓ࠰࠯

ࠛ߻ࠎ࠰࠯ (࠸) ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠛࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯

-ࠌࠧ

-ߺࠧࠖ࠘ࠓ߼ࡈࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤࠓ࠙ࠤࠓ߾࠰࠯ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࡶ࠭ࠧ࠯ ( UNHCR )

-ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤࠓ࠙ࠤࠓ߾࠰࠯ࡦߺࠦ࠯ ࠛ

-ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤࠓ࠙ࠤࠓ߾࠰࠯ࡦߺࠦ࠯ ࡄ ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠘ࠤ࠯ࠐ࠳ࠔ࠰ ࠛࠀࠥࠧࠛࠓࠥࠎ࠰ࡹࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

-࠘ߺࡆࠕࠤࠁ࠰ ࠷࠵࠶࠵ ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ UNHCR ࠛࡦߺࠦ࠯ࠛߺࠪ Anti࠵no Guterres ࡄ ࠛࠍࠥߺࠕࠄ࠰ࠕ࠳ࠔ࠰߻࠱ߺ࠰ (࠷) ࠕࠏ࠰ -ࠒ

ࠛ߻ࠎ࠰࠯ (࠹) ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤ ࠛ࠘ࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠛࠗࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ ࠛ

-ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤߺ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠕࠎ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ࠏࠊ࠰࠘ࠊ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ -ߺ

-ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡄ ࠖ࠭ࠧࡥ߻࠭ࠫࠩࠕ࠯

-ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ ࠐࠓ࠰࠯ࠀࠦ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ ࠛ

-ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯

-ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ( Refugee ) ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ࠩࠎࠕࠤࠛࠊࠄ࠰ࠊߺ࠱ࠖ࠴ࠄ࠰࠮ࠖࠄ࠰ࠊࠥࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤ߾࠰࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠎࠤ࠯߻࠱ߺ࠰ -“

-ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ࠎࠔ࠰ߺࠨ࠯ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤ߾࠰࠯࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ( Migrants ) ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠎࠤ࠯߻࠱ߺ࠰ -“

-“
ࠛ߻ࠎ࠰࠯ (࠺) ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠩࠕ࠯

-ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤ߿ࠤ߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

-ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࡄ ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠌࠉ࠰߿ࠎ߿࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

-ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠓࠤࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

-ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠒࠔ࠰ࠖࠥࠧࠩࠎࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰ࡤߺ࠘ࠖࠪ

-ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࠕࠪࡺ ࠛࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠛߺࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠛࠩ࠲߻ࠛࠩࠎ

ࠛ߻ࠎ࠰࠯ (࠻) ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯

-ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤࠎࠄ࠰࠯ࠖࠓ࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

-RSD ࠊ߿࠰ࠞࠦ࠯ࠊ߿࠰ࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰߻࠱߾࠰࠯߿ࠦ (Individualized) ࠖࠧࠏ࠰߾ࠎ࠰࠯߿ࠞ࠰

-RSD ࠖࠧࠏ࠰߾ࠎ࠰࠯߿ࠞ࠰࠲ࠏࠏ࠭ࠧ

-ࠛࠔࠨ߻࠭߿ࠤࠩࠕ࠯ࠎࠄ࠰࠯

ࠛ߻ࠎ࠰࠯ (࠼) ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠘ࠤ࠯ࠐ࠳ࠔ࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠛࠀࠥࠧࠛࠓࠥࠎ࠰ࡺࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

-ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠓ࠙ࠤࠓ߾࠰࠯ࡦߺࠦ࠯࠿ ࠏࠄࠤࠕ࠴߾࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠿ ࠖࠨࡺࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠯ࠖ࡮ࠏ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠊࠥࠧࡺࡄࠛࠀࠥࠧࠛࠓࠥࠎ࠰ࡺࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

ࠛ߻ࠎ࠰࠯ (࠽) ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠒ࠵ࠓ࠴ ߺࠓࡡࠤࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰ࠏࠧ߼ࡈࠥࠫࠖ࠰ࡤߺࠦ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

-ࠒࠤ࠘ࠤࠩࠕ࠯࠿ ࠖࠨࠓ࡮ࠩࠕ࠯࠿ ࠛࡵࠧࠏࠄࠤ࠿ ࠘ࠥࠏ࡞࠭ࠏࠄࠤ ߿࠘ࠄ࠰࠮ࠎࠔ࠰ࠏࠔ࠰ࠛ࠘ࠦ࠯࠘ࠦ࠯ࠓ࠴ ߺࠓࡡࠤࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰ ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

ࠛ߻ࠎ࠰࠯ (࠾) ߺࠓࡡࠤࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ߺࠑ࠱ࠤࠊ߿࠰ࠏࠧࠌ࠰

-ߺࠑ࠱ࠤ߿ࠤࡦߺࠦ࠯ W.H. Auden ࡄ Refugee Blues ߺࠑ࠱ࠤ

ࠛ߻ࠎ࠰࠯ (࠶࠵) ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠕࠏ࠰࠲߻ࠤ࠯ ߺࠑ࠱ࠤ ࠘࠭ࠧ࠯ࠏࠧࠌ࠰

-“ࠓ߾࠰࠯ࠀࠥࠧ࠯ࠓ߾࠰࠯ࠔࠧࠊ࠰ ࠊࠩߺࠤ߾࠰ࡄ ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠊࠓ࠰࠯” (Epitaph On A Tyrant)

-“ࠩࠋࠤ߾࠰ࠩ߻࠱ࠤߺ࠰” (The Snare)

-“ࠛࠩࡤߺࠤߺ࠰ࠊࠕࠤ࠯ߺ߾࠰࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤ߿ࠥࠊ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥࠕࠤ ࠛࠕࠏ࠰” (“Where The Mind Is Without Fear”)


ࠛ߻ࠎ࠰࠯ (࠶࠶) ࠌࠦࠓࠥࠧߺࠩࠕ߿ࠦ ࠩ߻ࠣ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ ࠩࠌࡅࠩࠛࠤ߾࠰ࠀࠎ࠰࠯߿ࠧࡤߺࠄ࠰ࡄ ߺࠑ࠱ࠤ

࠲ࠓ
࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠓ
-ࠛ࠘࠭ࠊࠥࠊ࠰ ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠄ࠰

-In The Quiet Land ࠄࠦ

ࠩࠖ

ࠒࠨ

ࠓߺ

ࠩࠕ

ࡵ࠴߿

࠙ࠥ

ࠕ࠳ߺ

ࠓ࠘

ࠌࠧߺ

࠘࠳

࠘ࠨ

߻ࠧࠥ߾

࠘ࠨ

ߺ࠰

ࠌࠦࠖ

ࠖࠥ

ࠓࠥࠓ

ࠩࠏ

ࠛࠓ࠴ࠤ߿ࠤ

࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠓࠤࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ߽࠘࠭ࠤ࠮ࠊࠏ࠰ࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯߿ࠧ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ࠕࠤࠊࠤࠗࠎ࠰߻࠭ ࠀࠕࠤࠩࠊࠤ࠰ ࠛࠕ࠴߾࠰ࠜ࡬ࠕࠥࠔࡄ ࠛࠓ࠴ࠤ߿ࠤ

ࠄࠦ߾ࠔ࠰ࠛࠖ߾࠰࠯ࠀߺ࠰ߺࠩࠎ ࠛࠓ࠴ࠤ߿ࠤࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࠏ࠯ࠏࠣࠖࠧࠥࡹ ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠀࠧࠥࠖࠤ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡹࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠛࠓ࠴ࠤ߿ࠤࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࠏ࠯ࠖࠧࠥߺ࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠄࠦ߾ࠔ࠰ࠛࠖ߾࠰࠯ࠀߺ࠰ ࠘ࠨ߿ࠤࠛࠧࠏ࠰߿ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯߿ࠞ࠰ߺࠩࠎ ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ࡥࠏࠦ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛࠋࠥࠛࡥࠓࠪࠊࠧࠥ߾࠰ࠏ߾࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠩࠕ࠯ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ࠊࠧࠥ߾࠰࠯ࠛࡥࠓࠪࠏࠧࠥࡹࠩࠏ࠯ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠛࠤ࠯ࠖࠧ࠭࠯ࠐࠊ࠰ࡤߺࠄ࠰ࡹࠖࠧࠥߺ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠊߺࠔ࠰࠮ߺࠧࠥࠖࠧࠥࠛࠏ࠰ࠩࠎࠊࠪ࠮ ߿ࠤࠛࠧࠏ࠰ࠊ߿࠰ࠛࠧࠏ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯ࠀࠪ

ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠛ࠘ࠥࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠫ߻࠭ࠋࠤ࠯ࠕ࠘ࠨ߿࠘ࠄ࠰࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠓࠥࠓࠥࠕࠪࡺࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠧࠥࠓ࠘ࠥࡤߺࠏࠣ

ࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ ࠓ࠘ࠥࡤߺࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤࠊࠤࠓ࠴ࠎ࠰࠘ࠓ࠴࠱ ࠩ߻ࠣ߾࠰࠯߾ࠧ࠭߻࠭ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ߿ࠥࠊ࠰ࠍࠣࠊ࠰ߺ࠱࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖࠤࡤߺࠊࠤࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ߿ࠤࠩࠕ࠯࠘ࠨߺࠧࠥࠔ࠰ࠊࠧࠥ߾࠰

ࠛࠩࠊ࠳ࡺࠛࡦߺ࠭ࠫࠩࠖ࠯ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧߺࠥࠧ ࠊ߾࠰࠲ࠏ߻࠱߾࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ߿ࠤࠩࠕ࠯࠘ࠨ ࠓࠥࠓࠥࠎࠧࠥ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠴ࠤࠩࠎ߿ࠞ࠰ ࠎࠛࠐࠛࠖࠥࠧࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠕࠥࠩࠊ࠳ࠩࠎࠤߺ࠰ߺࠩࠎࠋߺ࠰ࡤߺࠏ࠰

ࠓߺ࠳ࠤࠖࠧࠥߺ࠰ࠐࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠎࠖࠧࠥࡺ ࠒࠔ࠰ࠖࠧࠥࠓ࠴ࠩࠎࠖࠧࠥࡹࠓࠕࠩࠊࠤ࠮ࠖࠧࠥࡹ ࠋࠧࠥ߾࠰࠯ࠎࠧࠥ߾࠰߾࠭ߺࠧࠥࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠊࠥࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤ߾࠰ࠖࠤ߿ࠞ࠰ߺ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠋࠧࠥ߾࠰࠯ࠎࠧࠥ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠴ࠤ

ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠎࡤߺ࠘ࠄ࠰࠮ ࠓࠥࠊ࠰ࠩࠀ࠳ࠩࠊ࠳ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠎࠧࠥ߾࠰߾࠭ࠛ࠘ࠦ࠯࠘ࠦ࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠎࡤߺ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡹࠓࠥࠊ࠰ࠩࠀ࠳ߺ߿ࠤࠩࠕ࠯࠘ࠨ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠎࠧࠥ߾࠰߾࠭ࠛࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ࠋࠪࠓ࠴ࠤ

ࡵ࠴߿࠰ࠎࠪࡹ߻࠱ࠦࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠛ߿ࠧࠥ࠯ࠕߺࠧࠥࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠖ࠴ࠎ࠰߻ࠪ࠮ࠊࠤ ࠩࠕࡰ࠵ࠣࠩࠕࠤ߾࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠖ࠴ࠎ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠞࠦ࠯߼ࠓࡡࠦࠕ࠿ ࠞࠦ࠯ࠩߺࠖࠤ࠘߿࠘ࠄ࠮࠰ ߽࠘࠭ࠤ࠮ࠩ߻ࠣ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ ࠩࠊ࠳ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮

ࠛࠊࠨࠊߺ࠳ࠖߺ࠰ࠊࠪ࠳ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠏࠣ࠵߾࠰ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠕ࠳ߺ࠰߻ࠪ࠮ࡤߺࠊࠤߺࠧࠥ࠘ࠥࡤߺࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ߿ࠤࠩࠕ࠯࠘ࠨߺࠧࠥ࠘ࠨࠊࠧࠥࡹ߿ࠧࠥ࠯ࠕࠥࠓ࠰ࡤߺࠏࠣ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠋࠧࠥ߾࠰࠯ࠕࠪߺࠐࠓ࠰࠯ࡥࠏࠦ࠯

࠙ࠧࠥࠒߺ࠰ߺࠓ࠰࠯ߺࠧࠥ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠏࠧࠥࡹࠖࠧࠥߺ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤߺࠧࠥ ߿ࠧࠥ࠯ࠕࠥࠓ࠰ࡤߺࠏࠣ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠣࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠓࠥࠊ࠰ࠩࠀ࠳ࠩࠊ࠳ࠛࠤ࠯ࠖࠧ࠭࠯ߺ ࠵ࠧࠥ߾࠰࠯࠵ࠎ࠰࠯ࠊࠧࠥߺ࠰ࠊ࠳ࠎ࠰࠯ࡤߺࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

UNHCR ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠀࠧࠥ߾࠰ࠕࠤࠓ࠙ࠤࠓ߾࠰࠯ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࠕࠧ࠭࠯ߺࠧࠥ ࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠏࠣ ࠿ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠛ࠘ࠥࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠫ߿ࠤ

ࠕ࠳ߺ࠰ࠛࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯ࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥࠕ߾࠰ ࠙ࠧࠥࠒߺ࠰ߺࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠊࠤ࠮࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠓࠏࠧࠥࡹࠒࠨ࠯ ࠙ࠧࠩ࠲ࠏࠤࡤߺࠏࠣ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ߿ࠤࠩࠕ࠯࠘ࠨߺ ࠒࠔ࠰ࠎࠧࠥ߾࠰߾࠭ߺࠧࠥࠓ࠴

ࠓ࠘࠳ࠤ࠯߻࠱߾࠰ࠒࠨ࠯ UNHCR ࠕࠧ࠭࠯ߺࠧࠥ࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠓࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰߻࠱߾࠰ࠒࠨ࠯ࠖࠧࠥࡹ ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠣࠩࠏࠓࠪ࠮ࠛࠤ࠯ࠖࠧ࠭࠯ߺ ࠓ࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ߺࠥ߿ࡋࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠒࠨ࠯

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠕࠧ࠭࠯ߺࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠋࠤ࠯ࠊࠪ࠮ ߿ࠤࠕ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥࠕ߾࠰ ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠊࠤࠩࠏࠣ࠮࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠏࠣ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹߺࠧࠥࠛߺ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠛࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤ࠲ࠏࠕ߾࠰

ࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠏࠣࠖࠥࠓ࠰࠮ࠓࠔ࠰ࠀࠧࠥࠖࠧࠥࡹ ࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠕࠧ࠭࠯ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠮ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤ࠲ࠏࠊࠤࠩࠏࠣ࠮ ߺ࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ࠛ߻ࠧࠖࠤࠊࠤ ࠊ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠒࠔ࠰ࠎࠧࠥ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠴

࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠐࠧࠥࡹࠓ࠙ࠧࠊ࠰ࠒࠨ࠯ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠎࠧࠥ߾࠰ࠕ߾࠰ ࠌࠦࠕࠧ࠭࠯ߺࠩࠎࠛ࠘ࠥࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠫ߿ࠤࠕ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩࠖ࠯ࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠖࠧࠥࡹࠕࠕ߾࠰ ࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠩ߿߻࠱߾࠰ࠊࠔ࠰ࠖࠧࠥࡹ ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

࠘ࠨࠊࠧࠥࡹߺ ࠓࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠎࠧࠥ߾࠰ࠒࠨ࠯ࠊࠪ࠮ ࠒࠤ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠖࠧࠥࡹࠖࠪ ߺ࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ߺࠛࠋࠪࠓ࠴ࠤࠊߺࠔ࠰ࠖࠧࠏ࠰߻ࠪ࠮ࠊࠪ࠮ ࠛࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠛࠋࠤ࠯ࠍࠣࠊ࠰ࠏࠧ࠭ࠩࠊ࠳

߻ࠧࠥ߾࠰ࠖࠧ࠭ࠊࠪ࠮ ࠘ࠤࠍߺࠩࠊ࠳ ࠛࠤ࠯ࠖࠧ࠭࠯ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࠖࠧࠥࡹࠩ࠲ࠏࠤ࠲ࠏࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠣࠩࠏࠓࠪ࠮ ࠕࠧ࠭࠯ࠊࠤ࠵ࠎ࠰߻࠭ࠩࠊ࠳ߺ ߺࠎ࠰ࡹࠋࠪߺࠧࠥ࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠏࠣࠊࠪ࠮ ࠿

ߺࠎ࠰ࡹࠋࠪߺࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠏࠣࠖࠥࠓ࠰࠮ࠓࠔ࠰ࠊࠪ࠮ࡀ ߿ࠤࠩࠕ࠯

࠘ࠨߺࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠓࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠕ߾࠰ࠩࠎ ࠒࠔ࠰ߺࠎ࠰ࡺࠓ࠴ࠓ࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠒࠨ࠯ࠖࠧࠥࡹ ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤ߻ࠪ࠮ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ߿ࠤࠩࠕ࠯࠘ࠨ ࠎࠧࠥࡹࠒࠧࠥ࠯ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰߿߻ࠎ࠰࠯ߺࠧࠥ࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠩࠕࠤ

ߺ࠰ࠩࠖ࠮ࠖࠤ߻ࠪ࠮ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀࠛࠪࠌࠦࠓ࠴ࠤࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠊࠤ࠵ࠎ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ࠕࠪࡺࠊࠤ࠵ࠎ࠰ࠓࠩߺ࠱ࠏ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠧࠩࠊ࠳ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ߻࠱߾࠰࠯߻࠱߾࠰࠯ߺࠧࠥ߻࠳ࠪ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠀߺ࠰

ࠀ࠭߻࠭ࠕࠓ࠴ࠧࠩࠊ࠳ࠕ࠴ࠥࠩࠎࠊࠤߺࠧࠥࠩࠊ࠳ࡺࠩࠎ࠲ࠓ߾࠰ࠩࠎࡤߺࠤ࠯ࠩࠎࠕࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠣࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤࠖࠧ࠭࠯࠵ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠊࠪ࠮ࠖߺࡇࠉࠤࠩࠊ࠳ ࠓ࠙ࠧࠊ࠰ࠏࠣࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ

ࠌࠦࠖࠧࠥࠓࠄࠦࠓ࠴࠱ࠓ࠴ࠧࠩࠊ࠳ ࠊࠤ࠵ࠎ࠰ࠓࠩߺ࠱ࠏ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠧࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠧࠥ ࠵ࠧࠥ߾࠰࠯࠵ࠎ࠰࠯ࠩࠐࡅࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠕࠏࠣࠓࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠣࠓ࠴ࠊߺࠔ࠰࠮ࠌࠧߺࡇࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠎ࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰

ࠊߺࠔ࠰࠮ࠛࠤ࠯ߺࠧࠥࠕࠤࠆࠤࠎࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠖࠤࠎࠧࠥ߾࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠛ߻ࠧࠄࠦ߾ࠔ࠰ࠛࠖ߾࠰࠯ࠀߺ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࠊࠪ࠮ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠀࠧࠥ߾࠰ࠕࠤ߿ࠤࠛࠧࠏ࠰ࠐࠊ࠰ࡤߺࠄ࠰ࡹ

ࠖࠧࠥߺ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠕࠧ࠭࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤࠊࠤ࠵ࠎ࠰ࠋࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠩࠎ࠘ࠄ࠰࠮ ࠖࠨࠩࠊ࠳ࠊࠤ࠵ࠎ࠰ࠏ࠱ߺ࠰ߺ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩࠎࠊࠤߺࠧࠥ ࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ࡺࠕࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠣ࠙ࠤࠓࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠏࠣࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ

ࠓࠥࠓࠥࠊࠤ࠵ࠎ࠰ߺࠧࠥ ࠓࠥࠓࠥ࠘ࠥࠕࠏࠣࠓࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠘ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡹࠛࠊࠧࠥ߾࠰࠯ࠛ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࡹࠛ࠵ ࠋࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠕࠏࠣࠓࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠊࠤ࠵ࠎ࠰ߺࠧࠥࠩߺ࠱ࠏ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠩࠛࠤ߾࠰

ࠋࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠎࠧࠥ߾࠰࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠧࠥࠏࠪ ࠊࠤ࠵ࠎ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯࠘߾࠰࠮ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠪࠌࠦࠖࠧࠥࠓ࠙ࠧࠊ࠰ࠕ߾࠰ ࠎࠤࠓࠄ࠰ࠏ࠱ߺ࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠊߺࠔ࠰ࠕ࠘߾࠰࠮ࠕࠋࠧࠥߺ࠰ࠊࠪ࠮

ࠩࠏ࠯࠘߾࠰࠮ࠩࠏ࠯ࠋࠧࠥߺ࠰ࠊࠪ࠮ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࠎ߿࠰ࠎࠤࠀࠧ࠭࠯ࠕ࠴ࠧ࠭࠯ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠣ࠙ࠤࠖࠧ࠭࠯࠵ࠓࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠏࠣࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ ࠛ߻ࠧࠖࠧࠥࠄࠦ߾ࠔ࠰ࠛࠖ߾࠰࠯ࠀߺ࠰ߺࠩࠎࡥࠏࠦ࠯



ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠀࠧࠥࠊࠤࠒࠤࠖࠪ࠿ ࠒࠔ࠰ࠖࠧࠥࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ࠕ࠴ࠥࠊࠔ࠰࠿ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠧࠥ ࠊࠤ࠵ࠎ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠒࠔ࠰

ࠖࠧࠥߺࠨࠄࠦࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠕ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠕࠓࠔ࠰ ࠀࠧࠥࠊࠤߺࠧࠥࠩࠕ࠯࠲ࠏࠖࠧࠥߺ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠓࠥࠓࠥࠊࠧࠥࡹࠕࠪࡺࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ߺࠧࠥ ࠓࠥࠓࠥࠊࠧࠥࡹߺࠧࠥࠔ࠰ࠊࠧࠥ߾࠰ ࠖࠨࡺࠛ

࠲ࠏࠄ࠰࠮࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࡹ࠵࠵ ࠘ࠥࠕ࠴ࠥࠎࠧࠥ߾࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠩࠖ࠮ࠖࠤ߻࠱߾࠰࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡺࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠛࠖ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠊߺࠨࠩࠖ࠮ࠖࠤࠐࠊ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠧࠖࠧࠥࡹ ࠕ࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠌࠣࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠄࠦ߾ࠔ࠰ࠛࠖ߾࠰࠯ࠀߺ࠰ ࠩࠕ࠯ࠖࠧࠥߺ࠰ࠊࠪ࠮߿ࠤࠛࠧࠏ࠰࠙ࠤ ࠊߺࠔ࠰࠮ߺࠧࠥࠖࠧࠥࠛࠏ࠰ࠩࠎࠊࠪ࠮ ߿ࠤࠛࠧࠏ࠰ࠊ߿࠰ࠛࠧࠏ࠰ߺࠧࠥࠩࠕ࠯ࠖࠧࠥߺ࠰ࠊࠤ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠊࠪ࠮ࠛࠊ࠳

ߺ࠰ ߺ࠳ߺ࠰ࠖࠏ࠰ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧߺࠧࠥ ࠲ࠐࠄ࠰࠮߿࠳ߺ࠰ࠖࠧࠥߺ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠏࠪࠖࠧࠥࡹ ࠩߺ࠱ࠎࠏ࠰࠵ࠓ࠰࠯ࠩ࠲ࠓࠤߺ࠰߼ࠧࠉ࠰ࠔࠨࠓࠥࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠛ

ࠊࠤ࠵ࠎ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ࠖࠧ࠭࠯ࠊࠤ࠵ࠎ࠰ߺࠧࠥࠩߺ࠱ࠏ࠳ࠎ࠰߿࠳ࠤࠋࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠎࠧࠥ߾࠰ࡤߺࠏࠣࠩ߿࠙ࠧࠀࠧࠓ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠕ߾࠰࠯……….. ࠩࠕ

ࠛࠕ࠴߾࠰ࠜ࡬ࠕࠥࠔ(ࠎࠧࠥ߾࠰߾࠭࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ࠕࠤࠊࠤ࠵ࠎ࠰߻࠭) ߾࠰࠯

࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠓࠤࠎࠧࠥ߾࠰߾࠭ࠖࠧ࠭࠯ࠀࠧࠥ߾࠰ࠕࠤ߽࠘࠭ࠤ࠮ࠊࠏ࠰ࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯߿ࠧ ࠌࠧߺ

All Burma Monks Alliance (ABMA) ߿߿

http://www.thebestfriend.org ߺ

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ࠊࠧࠥ߾࠰ ࠖࠨࡺࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠯ࠏࠄࠤࠩࠏ࠯ ࠆࠤࠎ (࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠓࠤࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭) ࡄ ࠌࠣࠕࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠊࠤ ࠞࠦ࠯ࠩࠛࠤ߾࠰ࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠓ߾࠰࠯ࡄ ࠛࠓ࠴ࠤ߿ࠤ

ࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠊ࠳ ࠄࠦࠊࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰ࠖࠥࠧ ࠩࠖ࠯߿ࠤ࠯ࠕࠊࠪ࠮࠘ࠨࠊࠞࠦ࠯ߺ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠎࠪࡹࠏࠊ࠰࠘ߺ࠰ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ࠋࠤ࠯ࠊࠪ࠮߿ࠤࠛࠧࠏ࠰ࠊࠛࠧࠏ࠰

ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠛࠓ࠴ࠤ߿ࠤ ࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࠏ࠯ࠏࠣࠖࠥࠧࡹ ࠊࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠊ࠳ࠎ࠰࠯ࠛߺࠨࠛࠄࠦࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠖࠤ߻ࠪ࠮ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠊ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠖࠨࠩࠊ࠳ࠩࠕ࠯ࠊࠪ࠮߿ࠤࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࠎࠪࡹ

ࠛ߿ࠦࠕ߾࠰߻࠭߿ࠤࠩࠊ࠳ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠛࠓ࠴ࠤ߿ࠤࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࠏ࠯ࠊࠪ࠮ࠛࠩࠊ࠳ࡹࠛࡦߺ࠭ࠫ࠘ࠥࠏ࠰ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠊࠤࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠲߾߾࠰࠯ࠀࠥࠧࠓࠔ࠰ࠖࠥࠧࡹࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠏࠓࠪ࠮ ࠩࠎࠤߺ࠰ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠩࠊࠤ࠮

ࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࠏ࠯ࠓࠔ࠰ࠖࠥࠧࡹ ߼ࠊࠥࠩࠏ࠯߻ࠪ࠮ࠕࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠄࠦ߾ࠔ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࠋࠤ࠯ࠊࠪ࠮ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ (UNHCR) ࠖࠥࠧࡹࠛࠊࠥࠧࠩߺࠤߺ࠰ࠩ߻ࡅࠊࠪ࠮ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤࠓ࠙ࠤࠓ

࠵ࠎ࠰߻࠭
߻)࠭ ߾࠰࠯ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࠕ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠛࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠐࠊ࠰ࡤߺࠄ࠰࠮ࠕ߾࠰࠯ ࠖ࠳ࠎ࠰߻ࠪ࠮ࠊࠪ࠮ࡵ࠴߿࠰ (࠷ࠗ) ࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰ߺࠤࠖߺ ߺࠥࠧࠔ࠰ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠲ࠐࠊ࠰࠘ࠎ࠰࠯ࠖࠤ߻ࠪ࠮ࠕࠊࠪ࠮

ࠏࠣ߾࠰
߾࠯߿ࠧ
࠯߿ࠧ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠛࠏ࠱ߺ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠘ࠊࠥࠕࠖࠤࠓࠥࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠶࠾࠽࠽ ߻ࠧࡵ࠴߿࠰ ߿ߺ࠰ࠊ߾࠰ࠒࠤࠖࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠓࠤࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠴ࠤ

BMA)
A) ߿߿࠰ࠊࠏ࠰ࠛࠤࠉࠤ࠘ࠥࠓ࠯࠰ ࠖࠥࠧࡹ ࠩߺ࠱ࠤ߾࠰࠯࠘ࠤ࠯ࠖࠨ߾ࠔ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠓࠤࠎࠔ࠰߿ࠏ࠰ࠐߺ࠰ߺࠥࠧ ࠊࠥࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤ߾࠰ࠖࠤ߻ࠪ࠮ࠊࠪ࠮ࠛࠋࠪࠓ࠴ࠤ

d.org
org ߺ࠱ࠩࠎࠤ࠰ࠛࠏࠣࠛࠗ߾࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰߻ࠪ࠮ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠎࠔ࠰߿ࠏ࠰߿߻ࠎ࠰࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ߿߿࠰ࠊࠏ࠰ߺࠋࠥࠧ࠯߿߿࠰ࠀ߾࠰ࠖࠥࠧࡹ ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠕ࠳ࡹࠕ߾࠰࠯ࠎࠪࡹ ࠒࠎ࠰ࠩߺࠤߺ࠰ࡥࠓࠥࠫࡹࠓ࠴ࠤ

߻ࠧࡵ
ࡵ࠴࠴߿࠰ ࠔࠨࠛࠎ࠰ࠛࠥࠏ࠰߻࠱࠰߿ࠦࠛࠤߺ ࠛ࠘ࠥࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠫࠊࠤߺࠥࠧ ߻࠭߻ࠪ࠮ࠕࠊࠪ࠮ ࡥࠓࠥࠫࡹ࠲ࠏࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠊࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠩࠖ࠯ࡵ࠴߿࠰ ࠩࠖࠤߺ࠰ߺ࠱߾࠰ࠖࠔ࠰߻ࠪ࠮ࠕࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠔࠨࠛࠎ࠰ࠛࠥࠏ࠰߻࠱࠰߿ࠦࠛࠤߺࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠋࠤ࠯ࠊࠪ࠮ ࠛ࠘ࠥࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠫߺࠌ࠰࠲ࠏࠤ࠯ࠎࠪࡹࠛࠊࠨ ࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠕࠪࠐࠓ࠰࠯ࠊࠤߺࠥࠧࠖࠪ ࠛࡦߺࠥࠓ࠰ࡦߺࠥࠓ࠰߻࠭߻ࠪ࠮ࠕࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠎࠔ࠰߿ࠏ࠰ߺࠥࠧ

࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠏࠥࠧࡹࠊࠤࠩࠊ࠳࠿ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠊࠪ࠮ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠕࠪߺ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠓࠏࠥࠧࡹࠒࠪ ࠕߺ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠄ࠰߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ࠩࡵ࠴ࠤ߾࠰ࠋࠤ࠯ࠖࠥࠧࡹ ࠛ߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰߻ࠎ࠰࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠀࡵ࡛࠲ࠏ߻ࠪ࠮ࠕࠊࠤࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ

ࠓ࠱ߺ࠰߿ࠥࠋࠪ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰࠲ࠓ߾࠰ࠩࠔࠤ߾࠰ࠖࠤࠓࠥࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠓࠤࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠕ߾࠰࠯࠘ࠤ࠯ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࠕ࠴ࠥࠊࠪ࠮ࠛࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠎࠪࡹ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪࡹࠛ߻ߺ࠰ࠛ߻ࠪࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ

ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰߿ࠞ࠰ߺ ࠘ࠊࠥ࠲ࠏࠫ ߻ࠪ࠮ࠓࠥࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ߺࠥࠧࠔ࠰ࠊߺࠔ࠰࠲ࠐࠊ࠰࠘ࠎ࠰࠯߻ࠪ࠮ࠕࠊࠪ࠮ࠛࠩࠊ࠳ࡹࠛࡦߺ࠭ࠫࠩࠊ࠳ࠎࠄ࠰࠯ࠊࠨ

ߺ࠱ࠦ࠯ࠖࠎ࠰ࡹ߿ࠤ߿ࠤ࠯ࠩࠎࠕࠊࠪ࠮ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩࠊ࠳࠿ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ߺࠩࠖ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠤ࠯ߺࠩࠖ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ࠖࠥࠧ ࠏࠄࠤࠩࠕ࠯ߺ࠱ࠎ࠰࠯ࠓࠤࠩࠕ࠯߻࠭߿ࠤ࠯߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠓࠕ

ࠊࠤࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ࠊ࠭ࠧ࠯ ࠓ࠱ߺ࠰ࠗࠣ࠯ࠋ߾࠰ࠋ߾࠰ ࠲ࠓ߾࠰߻ࠪ࠮ࡤߺࠤ࠯߻ࠪ࠮ࠕ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠖࠥࠧࡹࡤߺࠤ࠯ࠖࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠕ߾࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ࠘ࠔ࠰ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠖࠤࠊࠪ࠮࠘ࠨࠖࠥࠧࡹ ࠩࠊ࠳࠯ࠓࠥࡤߺࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ߺࠥࠧࠔ࠰࠮ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠖࠨࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠿

ࠒࠤ࠘ࠤ࠿ ࠔ࠭ࠧࡤߺࠄ࠰߻࠱ߺ࠰ ࠎࠪࡹ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠕ࠯߻࠭ࠔࠨ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠛ࠘ߺ࠰ࠛࡵࡗࠕࠤࠔ࠰ࡦߺ࠭ࠫࠕࠓ࠴ࠤࠩ࠘߻࠱ࠤࠖࠥࠧࡹࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠖࠤࠊࠪ࠮࠘ࠨࠩ

ࠊ࠳ࠖࠥࠧࡹ࠲ࠓ߾࠰ࠕࠓࠪ࠮ࠛ߿ࠤ࠯ ߺࠧࠥࠔ࠰࠮ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠖࠤࠩࠎࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠊࠪ࠮ࠗࠎ࠰ࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࠗࠎ࠰ࠏࠥࠧ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ࠖࠥࠧࡹ ࠛࠋ߾࠰ࠀࠥࠧ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠊ߾࠰࠙ࠏ࠰߻࠭ࠩࠎࠕࠊࠤ

ࠖߺ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࡹࠏࠣࠒࠪࡀ ߺࠥࠧࠔ࠰࠮ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠕ߾࠰࠯ࠛ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕߺ ࠩࠓࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠋࠧࠊ࠰࠿ ࠖߺ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࡮࠭ࠩࠎࠕࠊࠪ࠮ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠎࠪࡹ ࠖࠨࠓ࡮ࠛ࠘ࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠛࠗࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ߺࠖࠪ

ࠓࡤߺࠄ࠰࠲ࠐࠬࠊࠤߺࠥࠧ ࠕ߾࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠊࠤ ࠌࠧߺ࠘


ࡇ ࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࠏࠣࠒࠪࡀ

ࠛࠓ࠴ࠎ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤࠖࠪ ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠊ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ࠊࠎ࠰࠯ࠊࠨ ߼ࠧࠉ࠰࠘ࠥߺࡇࠤࠕ࠴ࠥࡤߺࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠛࠩ࠲߻ࠛࠩࠎࠛࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠊ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠴ࠤ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࡮࠭ࠩࠎࠕࠩࠏࠓࠪ࠮ ࠛ࠘ߺ࠰ࠕ࠴߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮࠿ ࠖ࠭ࠧࡥ߻࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮࠿ ࠐ࠭࠳ࡹࡥࠐࠥࠫ࠯ࠊࠥࠧ࠯ࠊߺ࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ

ࠊ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠖࠨࠩࠊ࠳ࠎࠄ࠰࠯ࠊࠨ ࠕࠕ࠴ࠥ߻࠭߿ࠤ࠯߻࠳߾࠰࠮ ࠕ࠴ࠥࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠊ߾࠰࠯ࠛࡤߺࠏ࠰ࠩࠎࠕࠏ࠰ࠕ߾࠰࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠏࠥࠧࡹࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠊࠤࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠩࠎ

࠷ ࠸
ࠋࠧࠊ

߿ࠞ

࠘ࠨ

ࠎࠔ

߻ߺ

ࠩࠊ

࠲ࠏ

࠲ࠐ

ࠌࠧߺ

ࠓࠓ

ࠒࠦ


ࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࠩࠗ࠘ࠨ ࠞࠦ࠯ࠩࠓࠤ߾࠰ࠖ࠴ࡄ ࠛࠓ࠴ࠤ߿ࠤ

ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰߿ࠥࠊ࠰ࠋࠪࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠌࠦࠖࠥࠧࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰ࡹࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠎࠪࡺ ࠏࠊ࠰࠘ࠊ࠰ࠊࠪࡹ ߿ࠤࠛࠧࠏ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠊࠛࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠖࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘߾࠰࠮ࠊࠔ࠰ࠖࠧࠥࡺ

߿ࠞ࠰࠯߿ࠤ࠯ࠓࠥࠊࠤ ࠛࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠩࠖ࠯ࡤߺࠤࠏࠣࡥࠏࠦࡀ ࠛࠋࠨ࠯࠘࠲ࠐ߾࠰ࡹ ߺࠓࠤࡡߺ ࠘ࠊ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤ “Refugee” ࠀࠥࠧࠊࠪ࠮ ࠛࠍࠥࠏ࡞ࠣࠔ࠰ࠎࠪࡹ

࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪ࠮ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠎࠤ࠯ࠖࠄ࠰࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠩࠏࠣߺ࠰ࠩ߿߻࠱߾࠰ࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠒࠤࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠖࠪࠀࠥࠧࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠓࠤࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ ࠛࠖ࠳ࠎ࠰࠘ࠎࠤ࠯߿ࠕࠤࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯࠘ࠖࠥࠧ ࠊ߻࠱ࠥࠫࡺࠩ࠘ࠤ࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ ࠛ߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰࠿ ࠩࠋࠤ߾࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮

ࠎࠔ࠰߿ࠏ࠰ࠀࠥࠧࠊࠪ࠮ ࠘࠭࠘ࠕࠤࠓ࠴ࠤࠖࠄ࠰ࠩࠎࠕ߾࠰࠯ࠎࠪࡺ ࠛ߻࠱ࠥࠎ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠧࠎ࠰ࠩࠎࡤߺࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠊࠗࠓ࠰࠯ࠊ߻ࠣ࠯ࠗࠐࠥࠧࡹࠎࠪࡹ ࠩߺ࠱ࠤࠊࠩࠎࠕࠤ߿ࠤࠩࠖࠤߺ࠰ࠕࠐࠥࠧࡺߺࠥࠧ

߻ߺ࠰߻ߺ࠰߻ࠪ߻ࠪ ࠕࠧࠎ࠰࠯ߺࠎ࠰ࠕ߾࠰࠯ ࠩ࠲ࠐࠕ࠴߾࠰࠯ࠕ߾࠰࠯ࠎࠪࡺ ࠛ߻࠱ࠥࠎ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠧࠎ࠰ࠩࠎࡤߺࠕࠊࠔ࠰ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹߺࠥࠧ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡺࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠖࠥࠧࡺ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠓ࠴ࠎ࠰࠯

ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰ࠓ࠘ࠥ࠿ ࠓࠩ࠲ࠏࠤࠊࠊ࠰ࠓࠀࠥࠧࠊࠊ࠰ࡤߺࠒࠪࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ߺࠨ࠘ࠨ࠿ ߺࠔ࠰࠘ࠨ ࠩࠗ࠯ࠩࠎ߻ࠪ࠮ࠊࠪ࠮ ࠒࠗࠩࠊ࠳ࠎࠪࡺ ࠓࠥࠓࠥࠩࠎࠕ߾࠰࠯ࠛࠕࠏ࠰ࠩࠌ࠘ࠖࠪ ࠓ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠎࠥࠫ߾࠰࠿

࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖࠥࠧࡹࠖࠪࠓࠕࠀࠥࠧࠊࠪ࠮ ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠀࠥࠧ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ࠎࠪࡺ ࠓࠥࠒࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠖࠓ࠰࠯߿ࠩࠏ࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠎ࠘ࠖࠥࠧ ߺࠩࠖ࠯߾ࠔ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ߺ ࠛࠎࠤ߼ࠊ࠰ࠓࠪ࠮ࠊࠪ࠮ࠒࠗࠩࠊ࠳ࠎࠪࡺ

࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩࠎࡤߺࠊࠤࠩࠊ࠳ ࠩࠎࡹ߿ࠞ࠰࠲ࠓ߾࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࡹࠩࠎ ࡤߺࠤ࠯࠘ࠥࠩࠎࠕࠊࠤ߿ࠥࠊ࠰ࠓࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯߿ࠕࠤࠏࠣࡀ

ࠛ߻ࠧࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰߻࠱߾࠰ࠊࠪ࠮ࠀࡵ࡛ࠩࠊ࠳ࠎࠪࡺ ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰࠮߻ࠪ࠮ࠏࠣࡥࠏࠦࡀ ࠖࠨ߾ࠔ࠰ࠩߺ࠱ࠤ߾࠰࠯࠘ࠤ࠯ ࠊ߿࠰ࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰ߺ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰࠮ ࠀࡵ࡛ࠎࠪࡹࠛࠊࠨ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ࠏࠣ ߺ࠳ߺ࠰ࠖࠏ࠰ߺࠩࠖ࠯ ࠲ࠐࠄ࠰࠮ࠩࠏ࠯ࠖࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠏࠣࡥࠏࠦ ࠖࠨࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠋࠤ࠯࠘߾࠰࠮ࠊࠪ࠮ ࠖߺ࠰߿ࠪ࠳߿ࠤࠛࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠖ࠯ ࠀࠥࠧࠕ߾࠰ࠖࠪ

ࠓࠓ࠴ࠤ࠯ࠒࠨ࠯ࠖࠧࠥࡹࠀࠥࠧ߻࠱߾࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ߿ࠤࠩࠕ࠯࠘ࠨ ࠖࠨ߾ࠔ࠰ࠩߺ࠱ࠤ߾࠰࠯࠘ࠤ࠯ࠩࠖ࠯ࠕࠪࡺ ࡦߺࠥࠫ࠯߿ࠤ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯࠘ࠤ࠯࠲ࠏࠫ߿ࠧࠊ߾࠰࠲ࠏ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ ߿ࠤࠐࠊ࠰࠘ࠨ

ࠛࠤ࠯ࠖࠧ࠭࠯ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࡦߺࠥࠫ࠯߿ࠤ࠯ࠋࠤ࠯ࠊࠤࠊߺࠔ࠰࠮ߺࠥࠧ ࠛࠤ࠯ࠕࠩߺ࠱ࠎࠏ࠰߿ࠕࠤ ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠖ࠳ࠎ࠰࠯ࠊࠪ࠮ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠛࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛߺ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠓ࠴࠱ࠤ࠰ߺࠥࠧ࠯ࡂ

ࠒࠦࠛࠤࠛࠥࠧࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡹࠓ࠴ ࠓࠨࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࠩࠗࠖࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠕࠏࠣࠩࠊࠤ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰߻߾࠰ࠑ࠱ࠤ࠯....

ࠩࠓࠤ߾࠰ࠖ࠴(ࠒࠦࠛࠤࠛࠥࠧ)
࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠓࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠛ߿ࠄ࠰࠯ࠛࠕ࠭ࠧ࠯

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࠺.ࠁ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠖ.࠷࠵࠶࠵


߿ࠤࠩࠕ࠯࠘ࠨ ࠒࠩࠖࠤ࠮߻࠰߼ࠣ ࠛࠖ߾࠰࠯ࠀߺ࠰ ࡄࠛࠓ࠴ࠤ߿ࠤ

ߺ࠱ࠩࠎࠤ࠰࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠏߺࠥࠧ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰߻࠳ࠤࠖࠤࡥࠏࠦ࠯ࠩࠎࠤߺ࠰ ࠏࠋࠓࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯߿ࠐࠊ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ ߿ࠤࠛࠧࠏ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠀࠕࠤࠩࠛࠤ߾࠰ࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠓ߾࠰࠯ ࠩࠕ࠯࠘ࠤ࠯࠲ࠏࠫ߿ࠧ

ࠋࠤ࠯ࠊࠪ࠮ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠛࠩࠓ࠯ࠛࠩ࠲ࠐ߿ࠤࠛࠧࠏ࠰ߺࠩࠖ࠯ࠒࠪ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ߿ࠤࠛࠧࠏ࠰ߺࠩࠖ࠯ߺ ࠛࠩࠓ࠯࠿ ࠛࠩ࠲ࠐ ࠏ࠭ࠧ߿࠭ࠎࠪࡹࠩࠕ࠯ ࠋࠤ࠯ࠊࠤࠏࠣࡀ ࠌࠧߺ

ࠀࠕࠤࠕࠪࡺ߿ߺࠤ࠯ࠩ࠲ࠏࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠛ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠊࠤࠕࠔ࠰࠿ߺ࠱ࠩࠎࠤ࠰࠘ࠥ߻࠱߾࠰ࠊࠪ࠮ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠛࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠛࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰࠮ࠛ߿࠭ࠧ

ࠒߺ࠰ࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯߿࠭ࠧߺࠩࠎ ࠕ࠴߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠋࠤ࠯ࠊࠤߺࠥࠧ ࠩࠊ࠳ࡹࠕࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠩࠎࠤߺ࠰ ߿߿࠰ࠛࠤࠉࠤࠕ࠴߾࠰ࠩࠊ࠳࠿ ߿߿࠰ࠕࠤࠁ࠵ࠊ࠰ࠓ࡮ߺ࠱ࠬ࠯ࠖ࠳ࠎ࠰࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ

ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤࠕࠤࠁ࠵ࠊ࠰߻࠭ࠧࡶ࠭ࠧ࠯ (ICC) ߺࠥࠧ ࠒࠔ࠰ࠖࠥࠧࠊ߾࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠊࠔ࠰ࠀࠥࠧࠊࠤߺࠛ߿ ࠏࠣࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠊߺࠔ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ߺ࠱ࠩࠎࠤ࠰ࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࡵࠥ߾


ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠀࠥࠧࠊࠤߺࠥࠧࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰ ࠏ࠳߾࠰࠮ࠏ࠳߾࠰࠮ࠖ߾࠰࠯ࠖ߾࠰࠯ ࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࠩࠐࠤ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠓࠕࠊࠪ࠮ ࠛࠩ࠲߻ࠛࠩࠎࠏࠣࡀ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ci


cial

ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠖࠓ࠰࠯ࠖࠥࠧࡹ ߿߿࠰ࠛࠤࠉࠤࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ߺ ࠖ࠴ࠄ࠰࠮ࠐ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘࠭ࠧ࠯ࠩ߿߻ࠪ࠮ࠊࠤࠏࠣࡀ ࠋࠥ

ࠩࠎࠤߺ࠰ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠏࠄࠤࠩࠏ࠯ࠆࠤࠎ (HREIB) ߺ ࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࠊࠪ࠮ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠎࠪࡹࠏࠊ࠰࠘ࠊ࠰ࠊࠪ࠮߿ࠤࠛࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰

ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠐࠊ࠰߻ࠪ࠮ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠀࠥࠧࠊࠤ ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࡵ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠛࠤ࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠛࡤߺࠤ࠯ ߼ࠧࠉ࠰࠘ࠥߺࡇࠤ ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠊࠎ࠰࠯ ࠊࠨࠄࠦࠓ࡮ߺࠥࠧ ࠊࠎ࠰

ࠐࠥࠧ࠯ࠋࠤ࠯ࠩࠖ࠯߿ࠤ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠊࠔ࠰ࠖࠥࠧࡹ ࠲ࠓ߾࠰ࠖࠤࠓࠥࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ ࠊ߿࠰ࠞࠦ࠯ ࠎࠪࡹ ࠊ߿࠰ࠞࠦ࠯ ࠩࠖ࠯߿ࠤ࠯ ࠊࠎ࠰ࠐࠥࠧ࠯ࠋࠤ࠯ࠐࠥࠧࡹࠖࠥࠧࠊࠔ࠰ࠀࠥࠧࠊࠤ

ࠏࠥࠧࠏࠥࠧࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠎࠤ࠯ࠖࠄ࠰࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠩࠏࠣߺ࠰ࠖࠤࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ߺࠥ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰ ࠸࠵ ࠏࠣࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࡤߺ࠲߾ࠤ ߿ࠤࠊࠓ࠰࠯ࠏࠣ ࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠛࠤ࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ߺࠥࠧ࠘ࠤ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠛࠤ࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯࠿ ࠌࠧߺ

ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ߺ ࠩࠖ࠯߿ࠤ࠯ࠖࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠎࠤ ߺ࠱߾࠰࠮࠘࠭ࠧ࠯ࡤߺࠖ࠴࠱߾࠰ ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯ߺࠓࠤࡡࡦߺࠦ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠩࠎ߻࠱߾࠰߿ࠐ࠳ࠔ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩࠏࠓࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠔ߻ࠧࠛ (I


(IDP

߻࠱ࠥࠎ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠊ߿࠰ࠞࠦ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠊ߿࠰ࠞࠦ࠯࠿ ࠊ߿࠰ࠛࠧࠏ࠰߿ࠧࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠊ߿࠰ࠛࠧࠏ࠰߿ࠧ࠿ ࠊ߿࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠊ߿࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾ࠔ࠰ࠄ࠴߾࠰࠯࠿ ࠛࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ ߺ࠱߾࠰࠮

ࠐࠥࡵ࠴ࠥࠏ࠰߻࠱߾࠰ࠩࠎࡤߺ࠘ࠄ࠰ߺࠥࠧ ࠵ࠓ࠰࠯ࠎࠄ࠰࠯ࠐ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࡹࠩࠎࠕ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠧߺ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ ࠛࠩࠓ࠯ࠛࠩ࠲ࠐ߿ࠤࠛࠧࠏ࠰ߺࠥࠧ ࠒࠤ࠘ࠤ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠊࠪ࠮ ࠛࠍࠥߺࠛࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠕ߾࠰࠯ߺࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ߺࠧࠖ࠘ࠓ߼ࡈ

ࠛࠏࠣࠛ࠵߾࠰ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤߺ ࠛ࠘ࠥࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠫࠋࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠊࠪ࠮ “ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ” ࠀࠥࠧࠊࠪ࠮ ࠛࠍࠥࠏ࡞ࠣࠔ࠰ࠎࠪࡹ ࠘ࠩࠒࠤ࠘ࠒࠤ࠵ߺࠥࠧ ࠘ࠥࠩ߿ ࠖࠥࠧࡂ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠌࠦ߿ࠤࠛࠧࠏ࠰߾ࠔ࠰ߺࠥࠧࠐࠊ࠰ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠒࠔ࠰࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ߺ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠋࠥࠧߺ࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ߺࠥࠧ ࠘ࠥࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠏࠣ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠛ

*ࠛࠓ࠴ࠎ࠰ࠊߺࠔ࠰ ࠎ߿࠰ࠎࠤ߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠩ
ࠨ ࠊ࠳ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠕࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࡤߺࠏࠣࠩ߿ࡀ ߻ࠥࠖ

*ࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠓ࠴࠱ࠊࠓ࡮ ࠩࠎࠕࠤࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࡦߺࠦ࠯߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠏࠣࠩ߿ࡀ ࠲ࠐ

*ߺࠥࠧࠔ࠰ߺ࠱߾࠰࠮࠘ࠥߺࡇࠤߺࠥࠧ ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠋࠥࠎ࠰࠯࠿ ࠊࠎ࠰ࠐࠥࠧ࠯ࠋࠤ࠯ࠊࠊ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯߿࠳ࠤ ࠩࠏࡅࠏࠣࠩ߿ࡀ ࠊ

*ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠒࠗࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠴ ࠛ࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯ ߺ߾࠰࠯ࠖ࠳ࠊ࠰ࡤߺࠏࠣࠩ߿ࡀ ߿࠳ࠓ

ࠒࠩࠖࠤ࠮߻࠰߼ࠣ ࠛࠖ߾࠰࠯ࠀߺ࠰

ࠩࠓࠖ ࠷࠺ ࠕߺ࠰ ࠷࠵࠶࠵ ߻ࠧࡵ࠴߿࠰ ࠩࠎ

߿ࠤ

࠻ ࠼
ࠛ߻ࠎ࠰࠯(࠶)
ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ ࠛࠩࠓ࠯࠿ ࠛࠩ࠲ࠐ
࠲ࠏࠫ߿ࠧ

ࠏࠣࡀ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠀࠥࠧ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ

ࠛ߿࠭ࠧ

ߺࠥࠧ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠀࠥࠧ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ Race)࠿


ࠖࠨࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯(Race ࠒࠤ࠘ࠤࠩࠕ࠯ (Religion
Religion)࠿ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠓ࡮ (Nationality
Nationality)࠿

ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠕ࠯ࠔ࠭ࠧࡤߺࠄ࠰߻࠱ߺ࠰(Political opinion


opinion) ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠖࠨࠓ࡮ࠩࠕ࠯ࠛࠐࠪ࠳ࡺ ࠊࠐࠪ࠳ࡺࠐࠪ࠳ࡺ࠘ࠥࠧࡺࠗ߾࠰ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ (membership
membership in a particular so-

ߺࠥࠧ cial group


group) ࠊࠥࠧࡺࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠓࠊࠕࠤ࠯ ࠐࠓ࠰࠯ࠀࠦ࠯ࠛ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠩࠏ࠯߻࠭ࠕࠓࠄ࠰ߺࠥࠧ ࠩࡤߺࠤߺ࠰ࠕ࠳࠭ࡺࠕࠎ࠰ ߻ࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠖ࠭ࠧࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠛࠖߺ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠕࠥ࠴࠘ࠨ࠿

ࠋࠥࠧ࠘ࠥࠧࡺࠩࡤߺࠤߺ࠰ࠕ࠳࠭ࡺࠓ࡮ߺࠥࠧ ࠛࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠫࡂ ࠓࠥࠓࠥࠊࠥࠧࡺࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ ࠛ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕࡄ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ߺࠥࠧ ࠓ߻࠭ࠔࠨࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠊࠤ࠰ (࠶࠾࠺࠶ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠛࠀ߾࠰࠮ࠛࠊࠎ࠰࠯ ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠊࠨ߿ࠤ߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ࠛࠕ)

ࠊࠎ࠰

ࠊࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ UNHCR ࡄ ࠛࠍࠥߺࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠕࠓࠄ࠰࠮

ߺࠥ߿ࡋࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠖࠤ߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠔ߻ࠧࠛ߻ࠣ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠛࠩࠕ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࡵࠧࠥ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤ ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ߺࠥ߿ࡋࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠖࠤࠩࠎࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠋࠥࠧࡹ࠲ࠏ߾࠰

ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯࠿ internally displaced persons


ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠛࠩࠕ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ࠩࠎࠕࠤ ࠛࠊࠥࠛߺ࠱ ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠒࠪ ࠖ࠴ࠄ࠰࠮ࠖࠄ࠰࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ ࠩࠎ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ (internally

ࠛ (IDP) ) ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࡵࠧࠥ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓࠪ࠮ࠩࠎ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ (statelessness


statelessness) ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ߺࠥ߿ࡋࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠀߺ࠰߿ࠏ࠰ࠩࠎࠏࠣ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ߺ࠱߾࠰࠮

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠒࠔ࠰ࠖࠥࠧ ࠛߺࠤࠛߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ ࠩࠏ࠯࠘ࠖࠪ

ࠓ߼ࡈ

ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠋ࠭ࠧ࠯߿࠭ࠛࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠛ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹ ࡵࠧࠥ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠤ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ࠕࠪࡺ ࠕࠧࠏ࠰ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠲߻࠭ࠫࠩࠕ࠯ࠎࠪࡹ ࠛࠩ࠲߻߻࠭

ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ߻࠳߾࠰࠮࠲ࠏࠫࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ ࠕࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠣࠩࠏࠓࠔ࠰࠮ ࡵࠧࠥ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠤ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠊࠪࡹ

ࠛ߻ࠣࠓ࠴ࠤࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠌࠦࠩࠒ࠯ߺ߾࠰࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠲߻࠭ࠫࠩࠕ࠯ ߺ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠔߺ࠰ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠩࠊࠤ࠮ࠏࠣࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ UNHCR ࠕࠪࡺࠛࠍࠥߺ ࠛ߻ࠎ࠰࠯ߺࡷߺࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮

߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠭࡮ࠕࠤࠕ࠴ࠤࠩࠐ࠳ࠩࠎ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠕࠪࡺ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ ࠊࠤࠗࠎ࠰ࠗࠊࡗࠕࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠛࠩࠖ࠯ࠋࠤ࠯ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠐࠥࠧࡹࠒࠪ

࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠣࠩࠏࠓࠔ࠰࠮ UNHCR ࠙ࠤ ߿ࠨࠏࠣ ࡵࠧࠥ߾࠰߾࠭߿࠭ࠧ ࠏࠣࠗ߾࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡺ߿ࠄ࠰࠯ࡦߺࠦ࠯ ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧࠓ࠙ࠧࠊ࠰ࠏࠣࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ ࠌࠣࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠛ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕࠕࠪࡺ

ࠊࠤࠗࠎ࠰ࠗࠊࡗࠕࠤ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠛ߿ࠤ࠯ࠋࠥࠧ࠯ ࠩ࠲ࠐࠕ࠴߾࠰࠯ࡵࠧࠥ߾࠰ࠊࠪ࠮ ࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡺࠊ߻ࠧࠖࠧࠥࡹࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠓ࠘ࠊ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࡵࠧࠥ߾࠰ࠏࠣࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ ࠘ࠨࡹࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮

߿࠳ࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠕࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠛߺࠎ࠰ࡹࠛ࠘ࠊ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠕ࠴ࠥࠩࠎࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠀߺ࠰
ߺ࠰ ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠕ߾࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳ ߻࠳ࠪ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠀߺ࠰ࠀ࠭ࠕࠓ࡮ ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ߻࠭ࠕࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠊࠪ࠮࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ

ࡵ࠴߿࠰ ࠩࠎࠕࠏ࠰ߺࠥࠧ ࠛࠊ߾࠰࠯ࠛࠍࠓࡢ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠏࠥࠧࡹࠩࠏ࠯ࠐࠥࠧࡹ ࠓ࠘߾࠰࠮ࠏࠣࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠩࠊ࠳ ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠖࠨࠓ࡮ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ ߿ࠦ࠯ࠏ࠳ࠤ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯

ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠩࠏ࠯࠘߾࠰࠮ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠎࠄ࠰࠯ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯ ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࡵࠧࠥ߾࠰߾࠭࠲߻ࠤ࠯࠘ࠤ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ࠎࡹࠪ ࠊࠎ࠰࠯ࠊࠨࠀߺ࠰ࠀ࠭࠘߾࠰࠮ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯߻࠱߾࠰࠯

߿ࠤࠎࠤࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯ࠊࠪ࠮ ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࡵࠧࠥ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰(࠘ࠥࠧࡹ)߻ࠥࠧࠖ࡮࠭߻࠳߾࠰࠮ ࠕࠕ࠴ࠥࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ࠕࠪ࠮ ࠁࠎࠦ࠯ ࠿ ߻߾࠰ࠏ࠳ࠎ࠰࠯ ࠿࠘ࠤ࠯࠘ࠓࠦ࠯ ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠘ࠨࠊࠧࠥࡹࠎࠪࡹ

ࠛࠊࠨࠊࠨࠩࠎࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ ࠩࠏ࠯࠘߾࠰࠮ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠩࠎࠤߺ࠰ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯ࡵࠧࠥ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ UNHCR ࠎࠪࡹ ࠏࠨ࠯ࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯ ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠕ࠳ߺ࠰ࠐࠥࠧࡹ ࠊࠤࠗࠎ࠰ࠗࠊࡗࠕࠤ࠯ ࠕ࠴ࠥࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

࠻ ࠼

࠶࠾

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠒࠔ࠰ࠖࠥࠧ ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠕࠥ࠴࠘ࠖࠪ

ࠖࠨ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠊ߿࠰ࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠩࠒ࠯ߺ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠛࠤ߾࠰ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠭࡮ࡵࠧࠥ߾࠰ࠐࠥࠧࡹ ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠣࠩࠏࠓࠔ࠰࠮ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤ ࠌࠧߺ

ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠕࠧࠏ࠰ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠩࠒ࠯ߺ߾࠰࠯ࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠋߺ࠰ࠏࠥࠧࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠭࡮߻࠳߾࠰࠮

ࠕࠋࠤ࠯ࠊࠪ࠮ ࡵࠧࠥ߾࠰߾࠭࠲߻ࠤ࠯࠘ࠤ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ࠩࠖࠤߺ࠰ ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠕ࠘߾࠰࠮ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠪࠌࠦࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠖ࠳ࠊ࠰ࠖࠏ࠰߿࠳ࠤ ࠩࠊ࠳࠯ࠩ߻ࡅ ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ ࠿ ࠖ࠳ࠊ࠰ࠖࠏ࠰߿࠳ࠤ

ࠖ࡮ࠏ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠖࠤࡵࠧࠥ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠛ࠲ࠏ߾࠰ ࠄ࠴ࠞ࠰࠯ࠏࠓ࠰࠯ ࡵ࠴ࠥࠏ࠰߿ߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠿ ࠓࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠓࠊࠕࠤ࠯ ࠲ࠏࠫࠓࠨࠀߺ࠰ ࠀ࠭ࠓ࡮ ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ߺ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠗ࠯ࠩ߿࠘߾࠰࠮ ߿ ߿࠰ ࠏ

ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ߿ࠦ࠯ࠏ࠳ࠤ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠖࠨࠓ࡮ࠩࠕ࠯ ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ ߺࠥࠧࠖࠪ ࠛࠄࠦࠛࠓ࠴࠱ ࠕࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘߾࠰࠮ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ߺ࠱ࠎ࠰࠯ࠓࠤࠩࠕ࠯ ࠋ࠳ߺ

ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ ࠿ ࠩߺ࠱ࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠎࡵࠧࠥ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠛࠖࠧࠏ࠰ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠕ࠘߾࠰࠮ࠏࠣ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠕࠧࠊ࠰ࠊࠕߺ࠰ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥࠖࠤࠩ࠘ࠤ

ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠲ࠏࠤ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛࠩ࠲߻ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࠖࠨࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠛࠥࠓ࠰ࠕ࠴߾࠰ࡵࠧࠥ߾࠰߾࠭ ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࠛߺࠨࠛࠄࠦ ࠛࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠛࠏ࠭࠮ ߻࠱ߺ࠰߻࠱߾࠰࠯ࠛࠀ߾࠰

ࠩ࠲ࠏࡵࠧࠥ߾࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛࠩ࠲߻ࠛࠩࠎࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ UNHCR ߺࠪ࠮࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠩ࠘ࠤ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤ ࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡺࠛ߿ࠄ࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺ ߺࠨࠄࠦࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠏ࠭࠮ࠩࠏ࠯ࡤߺ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠛ

ࠋࠥࠧ࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠏ࠭࠮ࠓ࡮ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠩ߾࠳ࠩࡤߺ࠯ࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ ࠏ࠭࠮࠲߻߾࠰࠯ ࠿ ࠛ߿ࠤ࠯ࠛࠩ࠘ࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠿ ࠖߺ࠰ࠎߺ࠰ߺࠥࠕࠥࠔࠤࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠿ ࠛࠓࠥࠧ࠯ࠛߺࠤࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠿ ࠓ࠱ࠤ

߿ࠤ࠘߾࠰ࠩߺ࠱ࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠿ ࠩࠀ࠯ࠩࠏ࠯ ߻ࠎ࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ߺࠪ࠮࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛࠩ࠲߻߻࠭ ࠛࠩࠀࠤߺ࠰ࠛࠛ࠭ࠧࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠛࠋࠥࠏࠣࠗ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ UNHCR ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࠩࠊ

ߺࠥࠧࠔ࠰࠮ߺࠥࠧߺࠥࠧࠔ࠰ ࠔ࠭ࠧࡤߺࠄ࠰ ࠓ࡮ࠕ࠴ࠥࠖࠤࠩࠛࠤ߾࠰ ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯ ࡤߺࠥࠫ࠯ࠏࠓ࠰࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ࠋࠧࠊ࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠋࠥࠧ߿ࠦࠓ࠭ߺࠥࠎ࠰࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠗ߾࠰ࠩ߾࠳ࠕࠩ߿ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠖ࡮ࠏ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࠓ࡮ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠏࠄࠤࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ߺࡣ࠳ࠓ࠰࠯ߺ࠱߾࠰ࠓ࡮ ࠘߾࠰ࠊࠎ࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠏࠣࠗ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡄ ࠊࠤࠗࠎ࠰ࠗࠊࡗࠕࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠒࠤࠩࠊ࠳࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠖࠪ


ࠖ ࠘

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࡮࠭ࠕࠤࡵࠧࠥ߾࠰߾࠭ࠕࠪ࠮ ߿ࠄ࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠞ࠰࠯ ࠞࠏࠩࠌࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠩࠖ࠯߿ࠤ࠯ࠖࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠎࠤࠐࠥࠧࡹ ࠖࠧࠥࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠄ࠴

ࠔࠨ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠓ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ߺࠥࠧ ࠒࠔ࠰࠘ࠨߺ ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯࠲ࠐࠊ࠰࠘ࠖࠪ ࠘ࠨ

߾࠰࠮ࠩ

ࠛ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪ࠮ ࠞࠏࠩࠌ߿ࠎ߿࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠕ ࠖࠨࠊࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰ߺࠥࠧ ࠞࠏࠩࠌࠩࠒࠤ߾࠰ࠛࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰

Status Determination Procedures)


ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯࠲ࠐࠊ࠰ࡵࠧࠥ߾࠰ࠕࠎ࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠛࠀ߾࠰࠮ࠛࠊࠎ࠰࠯ ࠘ࠊ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯࠲ࠐࠊ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ ࠛ߿ࠦࠛ߿ࠞ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ (Status ࠲ࠏ
࠲ࠏࠄ

ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠐ࠳ࠪࡺ߿ࠄ࠰࠯ࠋࠤ࠯ࠊࠊ࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ UNHCR ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠞࠏࠩࠌࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠊࠥࠧ࠯ࠊߺ࠰ࠩ߿ࠩࠕ࠯ ࠿ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ ࠿ ࠶࠾࠺࠶ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠘ࠩࠒࠤ ࠊࠨࠄࠦ߻࠱ߺ࠰ ࠛࠩߺࠤ߾࠰ࠛࠋࠄ࠰ ࠩࠐࠤ࠰ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠩࠎࠓ࡮ߺࠥࠧ ࡤߺࠦ࠯ࡤߺࠏ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯

ࠊࠥࠧࡹࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠖࠥࠧࠛࠏ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛࡤߺ࠭ࠛࠞࠤࠉ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠩࠏ࠯ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠕ࠴ࠥࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡺࡤߺࠦ࠯ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࠛ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕ ࠛ࠘ࠦ࠯࠘ࠦ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰߾ࠎ࠰࠯߿ࠞ࠰ ࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠀࠎ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ ࠘ࠨ

࠿ ࠩࠏ࠱ࠤ࠮ࠩࠏ࠱ࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠄ߾࠰࠘ࠤ ࠩ߿ࠩࠕ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠘ࠓࠤ࠘ࠓࠊ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥࠩࠕ࠯ ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠋࠥࠎ࠰࠯ࠄ࠴ࠥࠩࠏ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠲ࠏ

ࠏࠥ߾

UNHCR ࡄ ࠺࠼ ࠞࠦ࠯ ࠛࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠏ߾࠰߻࠭ ࠩߺࠤ࠰ࠓࠊࠦ (Executive Committee) ߺࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠖࠓ࠰࠯ࠄࡰࠎ࠰߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ߻࠱ࠋࠤ࠯ࠩࠏ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࡤߺ

࠽ ࠾
ࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡺࡤߺࠦ࠯ ࡄ‘ Handbook on Procedures and Criteria For Determining Refugee Status ’ ࠖࠓ࠰࠯ࠄࡰࠎ࠰ ߿ࠤࠛࠧࠏ࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯

࠶࠾࠺࠶ ࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠊࠨࠄࠦ࠯߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠐ࠳߾࠰࠮ࠀࠥࠧࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠛ߻࠱ࠫࠥࡺࠩ࠘ࠤࡵࠧࠥ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࡵࠧࠥ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠛ࠘߾࠰࠯ࠗ߾࠰ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠏࠣࠗ߾࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠩ࠘ࠤ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ UNHCR ࡄ

ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯߻࠱߾࠰࠯ ߺࠨࠄࠦࠓ࡮ߺࠥࠧ ࠩࠖ࠯߿ࠤ࠯ࠖ࠱ߺ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠔ߾࠰࠯࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠩ࠘ࠤ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ (ࠞࠏࠓࠤ-ࠋࠧࠥ߾࠰࠯ ࠿ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯) ࠊ࠳߾࠰ UNHCR ߺࠥࠧࠔ࠰ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰

ߺࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ߿ࠦ߿߿࠰ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯࠲ࠐࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠦ࠯ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ߺࠨࠄࠦࠓ࡮ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠩࠏ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

߻࠳߾࠰࠮

߿࠳ࠤ

࠘߾࠰࠮ ߿ ߿࠰ ࠏ ࠳ࠪ ࠓ ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠩ ࡤ ߺࠤ ߾࠰࠮ࠩ ࠘ࠤ࠰ ࠖ ࠄ࠰࠯ࠩ ߺࠤ ߾࠰࠯ ࠿ ߿ࠤ࠯ ࠎ ࠏ࠰ ࠕࠥ ߺ ࡇࠤ ࠏ ࠱ ߺ࠰ ࠖ ࠏ࠰ ࠲ ߻ ߾࠰࠯ ࡵ ࠴ ߾࠰࠮ ࠖࠨ ࠓ ࠱ࠥ ࠫ࠯ࠩ ࠕ࠯ ࠛ ࡤ ߺ ࠓ࠰࠯ ࠐ ࠱ ߺ࠰ ࠖࠧ ࠏ࠰ ࠓ ࡮ࠩ ࠊ ࠳ࠩ ࡤ ߺࠤ ߾࠰࠮

ࠩࠕ࠯ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠖࠤࠩ࠘ࠤ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡤߺࠏࠣ࠘ࠖࠤ࠯ࡀ

࠘ࠤ

ࠀ߾࠰ ࠶࠾࠺࠶߼࠱ࠦࠎࠦࠑࠤ࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠊࠨࠄࠦ߻࠱ߺ࠰ߺࠩࠊࠤ࠮ࠏࠅࠥࠏߺࡇࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠖࠤ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ࠏࠊ࠰࠘ࠊ࠰ ࡥࠏࠦ࠯

ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠋࠨ࠯ࠩࠐࠤ࠰࠲ࠏࠋࠤ࠯ࠊࠤࠩࠊࠤ࠮ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠏࠣࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ ࠌࠣࠩࠏࠓࠔ࠰࠮ࠓࡤߺࠤ߻߾࠰ࡵ࠴߿࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩࠏࡅ߻ࠪ࠮ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰࠲ࠏ࡬ࠎࠤ

࠯ ࠿ ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡄ ࠛࠍࠥߺࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯߿߿࠰࠿ ࠖࠨࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯࠿ ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠕ߾࠰࠯࠘ࠤ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠒࠤ࠘ࠤࠩࠕ࠯ࠛࡤߺࠓ࠰࠯ࠐߺ࠰ࠓ࡮

ࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࠩࠊ࠳ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡤߺࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪࡺࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ߺ ࠔ߻ࠧࠖࠥࠧࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠊࠥࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤ߾࠰ࠖࠤࠊࠪ࠮࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠐࠥࠧࡹ ࠀࡵ࡛ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠕ߾࠰ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰ UNHCR

ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࠋࠥࠧ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹߺࠥࠧ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠘ࠊ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠩࠌ࠘ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠊࠨࠄࠦ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࡤߺࠊࠪ࠮ Africa’s OAU

࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠊࠨࠄࠦ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ Cartagena ࠋࠧࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠎ࠰߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺ ࠌࠦ࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠋࠤ࠯ࠛ࠲ࠓ߾࠰ߺࠥࠧ ࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰߻࠭ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠛ߻࠱ࠥࠫࡺࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠿ ࠛࠋࠨ࠯࠘࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ ࠛࠩࠎࠤߺ࠰ࠞࠩࠕࠤࠏࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺ ࠘ࠤࠓࠎ࠰߿߿࠰ࠏ࠳ࠪࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠿ ߿߿࠰ࠊࠏ࠰࠿ ࠘ࠨࠏࠧࠎ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡄ

ࠄ࠴߾࠰࠯ࠏࠎ࠰࠯ࠓ࡮ߺࠥࠧ ࠩࡤߺࠤߺ࠰ࠖࠎ࠰ࡹࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠊࠥࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤ߾࠰ࠖࠤ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠓ࠘ࠊ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠋࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠒࠨ࠯ࠖࠥࠧࡹ

ࠔࠨࠀࡤߺࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ UNHCR ࠕࠪࡺࠛ࠲ࠓ߾࠰ߺࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠄ࠴߾࠰࠯ࠏࠓ࠰࠯ࡵ࠴ࠥࠏ࠰߿ߺ࠰ࠓ࡮߻࠭ࠕࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠓࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯࠲ࠐࠊ࠰ࠏࠣࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ ࠌࠣࠩࠏࠓࠔ࠰࠮

࠘ࠨࡹࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠕࠏ࠰ࠊࠄ࠰ࠖࠥࠧࡹࠓࠕࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩࠖࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠛࠤ߾࠰ ࠄ࠴߾࠰࠯ࠏࠓ࠰࠯ࡵ࠴ࠥࠏ࠰߿ߺ࠰߻࠭ࠕ࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤࠕࠪࡺ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩ߿ࠤ

߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࡮߻࠭߿ࠤ࠯ࠋࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠊࠔ࠰ࠖࠥࠧࡹ ࠔࠨࠀࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ߺ࠰

ures)
es) ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ࠩࠎࠕࠤࠓࠪ࠮ࠩࠎ࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ ߺࠥࠧ ࠒࠔ࠰࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ߺ ߺࠨࠄࠦ࠘ࠖࠪ

ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

࠲߻߾࠰࠯ Internally Displaced People ) ࠀࠥࠧ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ߺࠪ࠮࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠏ߾࠰


࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ࠩࠎࠕࠤࠓࠪ࠮࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ (Internally

ࠩࠕ࠯ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠩࠎࠛࠥࠓ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࠓ࠴ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠖࠤ࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ࠏࠣࡀ ࠌࠣࠩࠏࠓࠔ࠰࠮࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠙ࠤ ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ࠋࠪࠓ࠴ࠤࠒࠪ ࠕ࠴ࠥࠩࠎࡤߺࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠣࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠙ࠤ

࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ࠞࠏࠩࠌࠕࠪࡺ ࠖߺ࠰ࠩࠛࠤߺ࠰߻࠭ࠩࠊ࠳ࠒࠪ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡤߺࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠛ߻࠱ࠥࠫࡺߺࠥ߿ࡋࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ UNHCR ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࠛࠪ࠮ࠌࠦࠩࠌ࠘ࠩࠊ࠳ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠛࠋࠨ࠯ࠖࠧࠏ࠰

ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠩࠏࠓࠔ࠰࠮ UNHCR ߺࠩࠎ ࠘ࠎ࠰࠯ࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯߿࠳ࠤࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠖࠨࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ߺࠨࠄࠦࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠣࠩࠏࠓࠔ࠰࠮ ࠘ࠎ࠰࠯ ࠷࠵ ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠷࠺ ࠘ࠎ࠰࠯

ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࡤߺࠤ࠯ࠩࠖࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠎࠊࠪ࠮ ߺࠓࡡࠤࠩࠏࡅࠕ࠴ࠥ IDPs ࠛࠤ࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ߺࠥࠧࠩࠊࠤ࠮ࠓ࠙ࠧࠊ࠰ࠏࠣࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ

࠽ ࠾
ࡵ࠴߾

ࠛࠪ࠮ࠌࠦࠖࠥࠧ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ߺࠧࠖ࠘ࠓ߼ࡈࠛࠩࠋ࠳ࠩࠋ࠳ࠛࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ࠓ࠴ࠬ࠯(࠘ࠥࠧࡹ) ࠛࠩࠋ࠳ࠩࠋ࠳ࠄࠦࠖࠤ߻࠭ ࡦߺࠦ࠯ߺ

ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠀࠥࠧࠖࠤ߻ࠪ࠮ࠕ߾࠰ ࠏࠊ࠰࠘ࠊ࠰ࠏࠣ࠵߾࠰ࠩࠎࠊࠪ࠮ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠕࠪࡺ ࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠊࠨࠄࠦ߻࠱ߺ࠰ߺࠥࠧࠔࠨࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠩࠏ࠯߻ࠪ࠮ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠋࠨ࠯࠘࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ ࠖ


ࠖߺ

ࠛࠩࠕ࠴ࡺࠛࠖࠔ࠰ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠿ ࠩࠒࠤ࠰ࠖߺࠎ࠰ ( Balkans )࠿ ࠛࠤࠐࠕࠥߺࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠛࠤࠐ߼ࠎ࠰ࠎ߿ࡋࠊࠎ࠰ ࠩࠌ࠘ࠩࠊ࠳ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠙ࠤ ࠊ࠘ࠦ࠯ࠏࠧ߼ࡈࠖࠕࠏ࠰ࠊࠄ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯࠲ࠐࠊ࠰߻࠭ࠔࠨ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠕ࠴ࠥࠏࠣ࠘ࠖࠤ࠯ ࠛ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠕࠏ࠰ࠊࠄ࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠕࠐࠥࠧࡹ ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠙ࠤ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠓ࠴ࠤࠄ࠴߾࠰࠯ࠏࠓ࠰࠯ࡵ࠴ࠥࠏ࠰߿ߺ࠰ࠓ࡮߻࠭ࠕࠓ࠴ࠤߺࠥࠧ ࠛࠖ࠳ࠎ࠰

߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕࠥࠓ࠰ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ ࠘ࠊ࠰ࠩ࠘࠲ࠏࠐࠥࠧࡹࠖࠥࠧࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠣࠩࠏࠓࠔ࠰࠮ ߺࠥࠧࠀࠥࠧࠑࠥࠧࠓ࠴ࠤ (࠘ࠥࠧࡹ) ࠛࠤࠐࠕࠥߺ Great Lakes ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠏ࠳ࠤ࠯߻ࠪ࠮ࠊࠪ࠮ ࠖࠨࠩࠊ࠳ ࠛ߿ࠧࠖࠥࠧߺ࠰࠿ ࠓ࠱ࠤ

ࠛࡥࠏ࠭ࠫࠖࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠕࠊࠪ࠮ ߺࠥ߿ࡋࠩࠊ࠳ࠓ࠴ࠤࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠊ߿࠰ࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰߻࠱߾࠰࠯ࡄ ࠩࡤߺࠤߺ࠰ࠕ࠳࠭ࡺࠋࠥࠊ࠰ࠖࠎ࠰ࡹ ࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ߿ࠦ߿߿࠰߿ࠕࠤࠓࠖࠥࠧࠏࠣࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ ࠄ࠴

ࠛࠪ࠮ࠌࠦࠖࠥࠧࠛࠩ࠲߻ࠛࠩࠎࠩࠊ࠳ࠓ࠴ࠤࠀࠥࠧ ࠖࠨࠩࠊ࠳ࠕࠪࡺ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠖࠤࠕࠊࠪ࠮ࠛࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠕ߾࠰࠯ ࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ ࠊࠨࠩࠎࠖࠥࠧࡹࠏࠣࠒࠪࡀ ࠌࠧߺ

ࠌࠦࠖࠥࠧ࠲ࠐ߿࠰߿ࠞ࠰ߺࠥࠧࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠛࠧࠏ࠰߿ࠧࠖࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠘ࠊ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ “Group Determination” (࠘ࠥࠧࡹ) ࠕࠤ


ࠕࠤࠁ

“Prima Facie “࠙ࠧࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠩ߻ࡅࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠏࠣ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

UNHCR ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠎࠪࡹ ߿ࠦ࠯ࠏ࠳ࠤ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ߺࠨ࠯ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠖࠤ࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠒࠔ࠰ࠖࠥࠧ߻࠳ࠪ࠲߻ࠤ࠯࠘ࠖࠪ ࠋ࠳

߾࠰࠯

߿ࠦ࠯ࠏ࠳ࠤ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ߺࠨ࠯ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠖࠤ࠘ࠨ (Economic Migrants) ࠀࠥࠧ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠘ࠤࠓࠎ࠰ࠛࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ ࠄ࠰

࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠒ࠵ࠏࠥࠧࠓࠥࠧࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠖࠤࠩ߿ࠩࠕ࠯ ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠓ࠴ ࠓࠥࠓࠥࠀࡵ࡛ࠛࠩࠖ࠱ࠤߺ࠰ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰߻࠳ࠤࠖࠤ࠘ࠨ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠙ࠤ

࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪࡺ ࠩࠎࠕࠏ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ߺࠥࠧ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠊࠪ࠮ࠛ࠲ࠏ߾࠰ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠛ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕࠕࠪࡺ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ߺࠥࠧࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠀߺ࠰ࠖߺ࠰ࠖߺ࠰߻࠭ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠄ࠴߾࠰࠯ࠀࠪࠐࠥࡵ࠴ࠥࠏ࠰߻࠭ࠕࠓ࠴ࠤࠩࡤߺࠤߺ࠰ࠕ࠳࠭ࡺࡂ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠖࠤ߻ࠪ࠮ࠕࠊࠤ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠩࠎࠕࠏ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠌࠧߺ

ࠖ࠭ࠧࡥ߻࠭ࠫࠩࠕ࠯ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࡂ ࠓ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠕࠪ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡤߺࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

߿߿ࠕ
߿߿࠰

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠓ࠘ࠊ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠊࠪ࠮ࠖࠨࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧࠛ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕࠩࠊ࠳ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡺࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠴ࡵ࠴߾࠰ࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠖࠤ࠯

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠛ࠘ࠥࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠫࠕࠩࠖࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠛࠤ߾࠰ ࠛࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠛࠋࠤ࠯߻ࠥࠧ߾࠰߻ࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠖ࠭ࠧࠖ࠭ࠧࠓࠩࠊ࠳ࡹࠕࠩ࠘ࠤ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠙ࠤ ࠞࠏ

ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤߺ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠩࠏ࠯ࠋࠤ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠓࠕࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠏࠣࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ ࠌࠣ࠮ࠛ࠲ࠏ߾࠰ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠙ࠤ

ࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠓ࠵߾࠰ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠲߻ࠤ࠯࠘ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡤߺࠖࠥࠧࡹ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠴ ࡵ࠴߾࠰ࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࠊࠤߺࠥࠧ ߻࠭ࠕࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠩ࠘ࠤ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ UNHCR ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࠛࡤߺࠓ࠰࠯ࠐߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩ࠘ࠤ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯࠿ ࠖߺ࠰ࠎߺ࠰ࠏࠅࠥࠏߺࡇࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠋ࠳

ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩ࠘ࠤ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯࠿ ࠏ࠱ߺ࠰ࠀࠦ࠯ࠔࠥࠧࠔ࠳߾࠰࠯ࠩࠎࠊࠪ࠮ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠴ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠖࠤ߻ࠪ࠮ࠊࠪ࠮࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠏ࠯ࡤߺࠏࠣࠕࠎ࠰

ࠊࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠊ࠳ࠎ࠰࠯ࠋࠤ࠯ࠊࠤࠩࠊࠤ࠮ࠕ࠴ࠥࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡹࡦߺࠦ࠯ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠏࠔ࠰߻࠱߻࠭ࠖࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠕࠊࠪ࠮ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ߺ ࠞ

࠶࠵ ࠶
࠶࠶
ࡵ࠴߾࠰ࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࠓ߻࠭ࠕ߻߾࠰ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠘࠭ࠧ࠯࠘ࠏ࠰ ߻࠳߾࠰࠮࠲ࠏࠫࠩࠏ࠯ࠐࠥࠧࡹࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠛ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠊࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠊ࠳ࠎ࠰࠯ࠋࠤ࠯ ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ ࠖߺ࠰ࠎߺ࠰ߺࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠊࠏ࠰ࠋࠪ࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠓ࠵߾࠰ࠖࠥࠧ࠘ࠨ ( Draft Evader ) ߺࠥࠧ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠘ࠊ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠓࠖࠤ࠯

ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠛࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠘ࠤ࠯ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࠏࡅߺࠤࠖࠩࠊ࠳ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠤ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠖߺ࠰ࠎߺ࠰ߺࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠊࠏ࠰ࠋࠪ࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠵߾࠰ࠕࠎ࠰

ࠛࠓࠥࠎ࠰ࡹࠋࠧࠊ࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠩ࠘ࠤ࠰ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠲߾߾࠰࠯ࠏࠔ࠰ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘߾࠰࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠖ࠳ࠎ࠰ ࠓࠥࠓࠥ࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠋࠤ࠯ࠛࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠓࠕࠩ࠘ࠤࠛ߻ࠣࠊ࠳߾࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯࠿ ࠏࠅࠥࠏߺࡇࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤ߿࠭ࡵ࠴ࠫࠎ࠰࠯

ߺ࠰࠿ ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ߻࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠐࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠎࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠩࠎࠕࠤࠩࠌ࠘ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ ࠕ࠴ࠥࡤߺࠩ࠘ࠤ Draft Evader ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠛࠩࠏࡅ

ࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ ࠄ࠴߾࠰࠯ࠏࠓ࠰࠯ࡵ࠴ࠥࠏ࠰߿ߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ߺࠥࠧ ࠩࡤߺࠤߺ࠰ࠖࠎ࠰ࡹࠩ࠘ࠤࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩ࠘ࠤ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯࠿ ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠛࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠕ߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩ࠘ࠤ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠛ࠘ࠥࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠫࠕࠎ࠰ ࠊ߾࠰࠲ࠏࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠘ࠥࠧࡹ) ࠕࠤࠁ࠵ࠊ࠰࠘ࠤ࠯ࠊ߿࠰ࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰࠙ࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠖࠤ࠯

ࠓ࠴ࠎ࠰ߺࠎ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠊࠕࠤ࠯߿ࠦࠕ߾࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࠕࠕ࠴ࠥࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠘ࠨߺ࠱ࠬ࠯ࠖ࠳ࠎ࠰߻ࠪ࠮ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠓ࡮ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠓ࠴

ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠊࠥࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤ߾࠰࠘ࠨ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠏࠣࡀ ࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠩ࠘ࠤ࠰ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠕ࠯࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩ࠘ࠤ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠩߺࠤ

߾࠰࠯࠿ ࠛ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠒࠪ ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠛࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠄ࠴߾࠰࠯ࠏࠓ࠰࠯ࡵ࠴ࠥࠏ࠰߿ߺ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ߻࠭ࠕࡂ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠊࠥࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤ߾࠰࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࠖ

࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ ࠄ࠰࠯ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠙ࠤ

ࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠀߺ࠰ࠖߺ࠰ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠕ࠯ࠖ࠴ࠫࠏ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ “ ࠕࠤࠁ࠵ࠊ࠰ࠓ࡮ ” ߺ࠱ࠬ࠯ࠖ࠳ࠎ࠰߻ࠪ࠮ࠕ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯

ߺ࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

߿߿࠰ࠕࠤࠁ࠵ࠊ࠰ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ (war criminal)ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠏࠣ࠘ࠖࠤ࠯

߿߿࠰ࠕࠤࠁ࠵ࠊ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠛࡤߺࠓ࠰࠯ࠐߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠛࠏࠣࠛ࠵߾࠰ ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯߻࠱߾࠰࠯߿ࠤࠎࠤࠓ࡮ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯

࠙ࠤ ࠞࠏࠩࠌࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ߻࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠐࠤߺ࠰ࠕࠤࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠏࠣ࠵߾࠰ࠏࠊ࠰࠘ࠊ࠰࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ߺࠨࠄࠦࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠛࠤߺ࠰ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠏࠣ࠵߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ ࠓ࠲ࠏࠫࠋࠤ࠯ࠏࠣࡀ

࠙ࠤ

ࠊߺࠔ࠰࠮ࠖߺ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࡹࠓ࠴ࠤࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠒࠔ࠰࠘ࠨ࠙ࠤࠀࠥࠧ࠯࠵ࠣ࠯ࠊࠪ࠮ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯߻࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠐࠤߺ࠰࠘ࠨࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠘࠭࠘ࠔ

ࠛࠕ࠴ࠥ߻࠭ࠋࠤ࠯ࠕ࠘ࠨ ࠀࠥࠧࠊࠤ UNHCR ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ߻࠳ࠪࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࠕ߻ߺ࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠋࠨ࠯࠘࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ ࠖࠨࠛࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛ࠲ࠏࠤ࠯ ࠛࠧࠏ࠰߿ࠧࠖࠥࠧߺ࠰

ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠖࠤࡤߺࠊࠪ࠮ࠛ߻ࠣࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠕࠎ࠰

ߺ ࠞ ࠏ ࠓࠤ ࡀ ࡀ ࠶ ࠾ ࠾ ࠵ ࠖ ࠳ ࠎ࠰ ࡵ ࠴ ߿࠰ ࠓ ࠱ࠤ࠯ ߺ ࠕ ࠵ ࠓ࠰ ࠌ ࠣ ࠛࠥ ࠓ࠰ ࠎࠦ࠯ ߻ ࠱ ߾࠰࠯ ࡵࠥࠧ ߾࠰ ߾࠭ ࠓ ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠕ ࠴ࠥ ࠌࠧ ߺ ࡇ ࠘ ࠄ࠰ ߿ ߻ ࠎ࠰࠯ࠩ ࠊ ࠳ ࠓ ࠴ࠤ ࠀࠥࠧ ࠕ ߾࠰ ࠖࠨ ࡹ ࠛ ߻ ࠳ ߾࠰࠮ ࠛࠩ ࠕ࠯ ߻ ࠱ࠥ ࠫ࠯ࠩ ࠐࠤ

࠶࠵
࠵ ࠶࠶
ߺ࠰ࠊࠪ࠮࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ࠛࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡦߺࠦ࠯ ࠩࠎࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰߻ࠪ࠮ࡤߺࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࡵࠥ߾

ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘߾࠰࠮ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠩ࠲ࠐࠕ࠴߾࠰࠯ࠓ࡮ߺࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠕ࠵ࠓ࠰ࠌࠣ ( Rwanda ))ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠔ߻߾࠰ࠔࠨ߼ࠥࠧࠀࠖࠤ࠯ࠑࠦ࠯ࠔࠤ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪࡺ ࡵࠥ߾


߿߿࠰ࠕࠤࠁ࠵ࠊ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤ ߿߿࠰߻࠭ࠧࡶ࠭ࠧ࠯ߺࠪ࠮࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࡶ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰߻࠭ࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠕࠓࠔ࠰ࡀ

UNHCRࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ
UNHCR ࠔ߾࠰࠯ߺࠪ࠮࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࡶ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ࠀߺ࠰߿ࠏ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ ߺࠧࠖ࠘ࠓ߼ࡈ ࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡹࠛ߿ࠄ࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠏࠊ࠰࠘ࠊ࠰ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠏ

࠘ࠊ߾࠰࠯ࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠛࠖߺ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠐࠖ࠴ࠔ࠰ࠕ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠘
࠘ࠓ

߿߿࠰࠘ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠖࠤ࠯

ࠐ࠱

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰࠙ࠤ ࠛࠕࠏ࠰࠘ࠤ࠯࠘ࠤ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠕࠓࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠖߺ࠰ࠎߺ࠰ߺࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠖࠓ࠰࠯߿ࠞ࠰ߺࠥࠧ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠩࠎࠊࠪ࠮࠘ࠨ ߺࠥࠧ ࠛ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠛ࠘ࠥࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠫࠓࠄ࠰ࠓ࠙ࠧࠊ࠰ࠏࠣࡀ

ࠖࠨࠓ࡮ࠩࠕ࠯ࠋࠥࠎ࠰࠯߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠏࠔ࠰߻࠱ࠊࠪ࠮ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠄ࠴߾࠰࠯ࠏࠓ࠰࠯ࡵ࠴ࠥࠏ࠰߿ߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ ࠩࠊ࠳ࡦߺ࠭ࠫࠩࠊ࠳ࡹ߻࠭߿ࠤ࠯ࠩࠎࠕࠊࠪ࠮ ࠛࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠘ࠓࠦ࠯ ࠛ

ࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠖࠤ࠯

ࠖࠥ߾

ࠛࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠘ࠓࠦ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ ࠛࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠘ࠤ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ࠎࠄ࠰࠯ࠊࠨ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠕ࠯࠿ ࠖࠨࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ (࠘ࠥࠧࡹ) ࠒࠤ࠘ࠤࠩࠕ࠯ ࠛࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠕ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠌࠧߺ

ࠄ࠴߾࠰࠯ࠏࠓ࠰࠯ࡵ࠴ࠥࠏ࠰߿ߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ ࠌࠉ࠰߻࠭ࠕࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠀߺ࠰ࠖߺ࠰ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠊ߾࠰࠯ࡤߺࠏ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠖࠨࠓ࡮ࠩࠕ࠯߿ࠄ࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠞ࠰࠯߿ࠄ࠰࠯ߺࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠓࠖࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠎࠤࠖࠥࠧࡹ ࠀࠥࠧ࠯

࠵ࠣ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤࠄ࠴߾࠰࠯ࠏࠓ࠰࠯ࡵ࠴ࠥࠏ࠰߿ߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ߻࠳ࠪ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠀߺ࠰ࠀ࠭߻࠭ࠕࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠖࠤࠩ࠘ࠤࠛࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ ࠘ࠓࠦ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰

࠘ࠊ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠕࠎ࠰ࠋࠄ࠰࠮࠘࠳߾࠰࠯߿ࠞ࠰࠯߿ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠖࠨ

ࠔ߾࠰࠯࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠓࠊࠕࠤ࠯ ࠛ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠩࠏ࠯߻࠭ࠕࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠛ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕ ߺࠥࠧࠔ࠰ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯࠿ ࠛ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ ࠖࠥࠧࠛ ࠌࠧߺ

ࠏ࠰߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩ࠘ࠤ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯࠿ ࠛ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕ ࠓ࠙ࠧࠊ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩ࠘ࠤ࠰ ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ ߺ࠱ࠬ࠯ࠖ࠳ࠎ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠛࠍࠓࡢ࠲ࠏࠫߺ࠱߾࠰࠮࠲߻߾࠰࠯ߺࠪ࠮࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠖࠥ߾࠰ࠓ࡮ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ߻࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠐࠤߺ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ߺࠥࠧࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠓࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠛ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠩࠏ࠯߻࠭ࠕࠓ࡮ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠔࠨࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠔࠤࠔ


ࠔ߾࠰࠯ߺࠪ࠮࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠩ࠘ࠤ ߻࠳ࠪ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠀߺ࠰ࠀ࠭ࠓ࡮ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡄ ࠛߺ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠀߺ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠛࠤ߽ࠤࠊࠛࡥ߾ࠥࠫ࠯ࠛࠩࠊ࠯ࠋࠤ࠯ࠓ࡮ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠊࠊ࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ Chador (࠘ࠥࠧࡹ) ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠊ߾࠰࠯ࡤߺࠏ࠰߿࠳ࠤ࠲ࠏࠆࠤࠎ࠰࠯ࠋࠤ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛ࠵ࠊ࠰ࠛ߿ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠵ࠊ࠰ࠕࠎ࠰ ࠲߾߾࠰࠯ࠏࠔ࠰ࡂ ࠛ

ࠊࠥࠧߺ࠰߻ࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠖࠤࠖࠥࠧࡹ ࠋࠥࠊ࠰ࠖࠎ࠰ࡹࠩࡤߺࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠎࠩ࠘ࠤࠛࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠘ࠓࠦ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠿ ࠓࠥࠓࠥࠛࠥࠓ࠰ࠩࠋࠤ߾࠰ࠒߺ࠰ߺࠥࠧ ࠓࠥࠓࠥ߿ࠥࠊ࠰ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ߺ࠱ࠩࠕ࠳࠯߻࠱ࠔ࠰ ࡂ ࠶࠾

ࠊ߾࠰࠯ࡤߺࠏ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤࠞࠏࠩࠌࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ߻࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠐࠤߺ࠰࠘ࠖࠥࠧ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࡂ ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠔࠨ߻࠭ࠕࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠘ࠓࠦ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ ࠛ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯ࠊ߾࠰࠲ࠏࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠕࠤ

࠶࠾࠽࠹ ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠞࠩࠕࠤࠏࠏࠣࠖࠦࠓࠎ࠰ ( European Parliament ) ࠓ࠴ࠕߺ࠰߿ߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ࠖࠨࠓࠀࠎ࠰߿࠳ࠤ ࠀߺ࠰ࠀ࠭߻࠭ࠩࠎࠕ

ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠘ࠓࠦ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠘ࠊ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯࠲ࠐࠊ࠰߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠩࠓࠕࠥߺࠎ࠰࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠩࠋࠤ߾࠰߿ࠧ ࠘ࠨ

࠶࠷ ࠶
࠶࠸
ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ߺࠩࠎࠌࠣࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠖࠥ߾࠰߻࠳ࠪ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠓ࡮ࠛࠩࠏࡅࠛࠩ࠲߻߻࠭ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠓࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠛ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠓ࡮ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠏࠊ࠰࠘ߺ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ

ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ ࠖࠓ࠰࠯ࠄࡰࠎ࠰߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠖࠤ࠯ࠊࠨ ߼࠱ࠤࠓࠉࠦ࠿ ࠎࠔ࠰࠘ࠤࠖࠎ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠀ࠳߿࠰߿ࠖࠎ࠰

ࠊࡹࠕࠪࡺ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠊࠥࠧ࠯ࠊߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠏ࠳ࠤ࠯ࠛ߼ࡊࠣߺࠥࠧ ࠐ࠱ߺ࠰ࠩࠊࠤߺ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ (Genital Mutilation) ߺࠥࠧࠓࠊࠕࠤ࠯߻࠭ࠕࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠘ࠓࠦ࠯ (࠘ࠥࠧࡹ) ࠘ࠨࠓࡄ ࠩࠓ࠳࠯ߺ߾࠰࠯߿

࠘ࠓࠦ࠯߾ࠔ࠰ࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠖࠤ࠯

࠲ࠏ߾࠰࠘߿࠰࠿ ࠎࠔ࠰࠘ࠤࠖࠎ࠰࠿ ߺࠩࠎࠌࠣ ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠛࠩࠓࠕࠥߺࠎ࠰࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠩࠋࠤ߾࠰߿ࠧࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠖࠥ߾࠰ࠛ߼ࡊࠣࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ

ࠐ࠱ߺ࠰ࠩࠊࠤߺ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ (Genital Mutilation)


Mutilation)ߺࠥࠧ ࠓࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠛ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠩࠏ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ ࠏ࠭ࠧ߿࠭ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠘ࠊ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠓࠊࠕࠤ࠯

ߺࠥࠧ ࠛ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠩࠏ࠯߻࠭ࠕ࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠊ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯߿࠭ࡵ࠴ࠫࠎ࠰࠯ ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠕࠏ࠰ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠀࠥࠧ࠘ࠨࡄ ࠩࠓ࠳࠯ߺ߾࠰࠯߿ ࠘ࠓࠦ࠯ࠩࠖ࠯ࠕࠪࡺࠖࠥ߾࠰ࠛ߼ࡊࠣߺࠥࠧ ࠲ࠐࠊ࠰ࠩࠊࠤߺ࠰ࠕࠎ࠰ ࠲߾߾࠰࠯ࠀࠎ࠰߻ࠪ࠮ࠖࠥࠧࡹ ࠓࠊࠕࠤ࠯

࠘ࠓࠦ࠯ ࠛ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠩࠏ࠯߻࠭ࠕࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠩࡤߺࠤߺ࠰ࠖࠎ࠰ࡹࠩࠎࠊࠪ࠮ ࠛࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠘ࠓࠦ࠯ࠊ߿࠰ࠞࠦ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠊ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠐࠨ࠯߻ࠪ࠮ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠖࠥ߾࠰ࠓ࡮ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ߻࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠐࠤߺ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯(Sexual Orientation) ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠓࠊࠕࠤ࠯ ࠛ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠩࠏ࠯߻࠭ࠕࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠩࡤߺࠤߺ࠰ࠖࠎ࠰ࡹࠩࠎ࠘ࠨ࠙ࠤ

ࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠖࠤ࠯

ࠀࠥࠧ࠯

࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠖࠥ߾࠰ࠊࠨ࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠀߺ࠰ࠀ࠭ࠕࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ࠘ࠨ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ UNHCR ࡄ ࠩࠏࡅࠖ߿ࠦࠛࠕ

ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠓࠀࠎ࠰߿࠳ࠤ ࠀߺ࠰ࠀ࠭߻࠭ࠕ࠲߻߾࠰࠯ (࠘ࠥࠧࡹ) ࠀࠥࠧ࠯࠵ࠣ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤ ߻࠳ࠪ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠀߺ࠰ࠀ࠭߻࠭ࠕ࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠕ߾࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩࠎࠕࠩ࠘ࠤ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

ࠛࠋࠨ࠯࠘࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ ࠖࠥ߾࠰ࠊࠨࠀߺ࠰ࠀ࠭࠲߻߾࠰࠯ߺࠥࠧ߻࠭ࠕࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠛ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕࡄ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠓ࡮ߺࠥࠧ ࠓࠕࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ (࠘ࠥࠧࡹ) ࠓࠕࠩ࠘ࠤ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ

ࠛ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠊ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠔࠤࠔࠦߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠏ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ ( Temporary Protection ) ࠀࠥࠧࠊࠤࠒࠤࠖࠪ

ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠖࠨࠛࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛ࠲ࠏࠤ࠯ࠏࠣࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛࠧࠏ࠰߿ࠧࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࡶࠧࠊ࠰ࠊࠕߺ࠰࠵߾࠰ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ࠊࠥࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤ߾࠰߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫࠓ࡮ࠎࠪࡹ ࡦߺ࠭ࠫࠕࠊࠪ࠮ࠛ߻ࠣࠓ࠴ࠤ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

ࠔ࠰ࡂ ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ “ ࠔࠤࠔࠦߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠏ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯(Temporary Protection) ” ߺࠥࠧ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠩࠖ࠮ࠕ࠴ࠥࡤߺࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠔ߾࠰࠯ߺࠪ࠮࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠕࠏ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ

ࡂ ࠶࠾࠾࠵ ࠩࡵ࠴ࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠔ߻߾࠰ ࠔࠨࡶࠥࠧࠀࠖࠤ࠯ࠑࠦ࠯ࠔࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ߺࠥࠧࠀࠥࠧࠏࠥࠧ ࠏࠅࠥࠏߺࡇࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠩࠊ࠳ࡹ߻ࠪ࠮ࡤߺ ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠔ߾࠰࠯ߺࠪ࠮࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠩ࠘ࠤ

ࠤ߾࠰࠯ ࠛࠩ࠲߻ࠛࠩࠎࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠖࠨࠛࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠩࠒ࠯ߺ߾࠰࠯ࠩ߿ࠕࠎ࠰ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠲ࠓࠎ࠰࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠀࠎ࠰ࠀࠎ࠰ ࠩࠎ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠕ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠩ࠘ࠤ࠰

ࠕࠤ࠘ߺ࠰ࠏࠎ࠰ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ߺࠥࠧࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠛࠤࠓ߻࠭ ࠓࠕࠩࠏࡀ

ࠎࠕ ࠋࠥࠧࡹࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ “ ࠔࠤࠔࠦߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠏ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ ” ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠋࠨ࠯࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛࠩ࠲߻ࠛࠩࠎࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯߻࠭

߾࠰߿ࠧ ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠛ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠛࠖࠧࠏ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠣࠩࠏࠓࠔ࠰࠮ ࠌࠣ࠙ࠤ࠲ࠐࠄ࠰࠮ࠀࠄ࠰࠯ࠩࠏ࠯߻࠱ߺ࠰ ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧ࠘ࠤ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡥࠏࠦ࠯

࠶࠷
࠷ ࠶࠸
ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠊࠨࠄࠦ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠛࠕ ࠩࠏ࠯ࠋࠤ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤ ߺ࠱ࠔ࠰࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࡹࠩ࠘ࠤ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠏ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ߺࠥࠧࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠛ߿ࠤ࠯ࠓࠋࠥࠧ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠏࠣࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ

“ࠔࠤࠔࠦߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠏ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ ” ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠛ߻࠱ࠥࠎ࠰ࠓࡤߺࠤࠕ࠴ࠄ࠰࠘߾࠰࠮ࠩࠏࡀ ࠘߾࠰࠮ࠊ߾࠰࠮ࠩ࠘ࠤࠛ߻࠱ࠥࠎ࠰ߺࠤࠖࠛࠩࠊࠤࠛࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ ࠲ࠏ


࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖ

UNHCR ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠛ࠲ࠏࠄ࠮࠰ࠛ࠵ࠕࠏ࠰ࠊࠄ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯߻࠭߿ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩࠛࠤ߾࠰ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠩࠏ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠏࠔ࠰߻࠱߻࠭ࠕ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠓ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰߻߾࠰ࠛ߻࠱ࠥࠎࠛ


࠰ ࠋࠥ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮࠲ࠏࠫ ࠋࠤ࠯ࠕࠓࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠩߺ

UNHCR ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࡶࠧࠏ࠰ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤࠩ߿ࠤ࠰ߺࠤ࠯ࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳ࠓ࠴ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠓࠄ࠰࠘ࠥࠧࡹߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯࠘ࠖࠪ ࠛ

ࠩࠕ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠛࠋࠨ࠯࠘࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ ࠛ࠘ߺ࠰ࠛࠕ࠳ࠔ࠰ࡦߺࠦ࠯࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠿ ࠛࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠘ࠓࠦ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ߺࠩࠖ࠯࠘ࠨ߾ࠔ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠛ

ࠛߺ࠱ࠬ࠯ࠖ࠳ࠎ࠰߻࠭ࠕࠓ࡮ ࠛࠖࠤ࠯ࠛࠖࠤ ࠛࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥࡤߺ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠍࠓࡢ࠲ࠏࠫߺ࠱߾࠰࠮࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠛࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ࡹࠩࠎࠕࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠓࠊࠕࠤ࠯

࠲ࠏࠫࠓࠨࡵ࠴ࠥࠏ࠰ߺ࠳ࠏ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓࠥ࠘ࠤ࠯߿ࠧࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࡄ ࠩࠎࠛࠥࠓ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠴ ࠩࠓࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࠩࠎࡤߺ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠔࠞ࠰ࠩߺ࠱࠯࠘ࠨ ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠌࠧߺ

߼ࠥࠧࠉ࠰࠯߼ࠉ߿߿࠰ࠀ߾࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࡄ ࠊࠓ߾࠰ࠕࠄ࠰ࠕ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠏ߿࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯߻࠭ࠩࠎࠕ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠔࠞ࠰ࠩߺ࠱࠯࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠏࠅࠥࠏߺࡇߺࠤࠖࠛࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤࠖࠄ࠰࠯

ࠖࠥ߾࠰ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠛࠩ߿ࠤ࠰ߺࠤ࠯߻࠭ࠕࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ߻ࠧࠥࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯߻࠭ࠕࠤࠩࠌ࠘ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥ ࠛࠕࠤࠕ࠴ࠥࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠿ ࠩࠌ࠘ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠛࠤࠉࠤࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮

ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡄ ࠩ߿ࠤ࠰ߺࠤ࠯ࠓ࡮ߺࠥࠧࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ߻࠭ࠕࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࡵࠥࠧ߾

UNHCR ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࠔ߾࠰࠯࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛࠩ࠲߻ࠛࠩࠎࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠴ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠕࠎ࠰ ࡦߺࠥࠫ࠯ࠏࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠎ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠩ߿ࠤ࠰ߺࠤ࠯߻࠭ࠕ࠘ࠨ ࠓࠄ

ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠛࠋࠨ࠯ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠋࠥࠧࡹ࠲ࠏ߾࠰ ߺ࠱ࠬ࠯ࠖ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠩࠐࠤߺ࠰ࠐ࠱ߺ࠰࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠎࠄ࠰࠯ࠖࠓ࠰࠯ࠛࠕ

ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠔࠨࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠎ࠰ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࠛ߿ࠦࠛ߿ࠞ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ߿߻ࠎ࠰࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧࡥ߻࠭ࠫࠩࠕ࠯࠿ ࠛࠖ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠕࠤ߾࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠛߺࠤ

ࠛߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠖ࠭ࠧࠩࠖࠤߺ࠰ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠩ߿ࠩࠕ࠯ ߿ࠩ࠘ࠤࠖࠥࠧࠛࠏ࠰߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠲ࠐࠄ࠰࠮ࠀࠄ࠰࠯ࠩࠏ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠄࠒߺ࠰ࠛࠖ࠴ࠄ࠰࠮ ࠌࠧߺ

ߺ࠱ߺ߾࠰࠯ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠎ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ߿ࠦ߿ࠞ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ߺ

ࠓࠥ࠘ࠤ࠯߿ࠧࠎࠪࡹߺ࠳ࠪ࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤ ߺࠩࠖ࠯߾ࠔ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪࡺࠓࠥ࠘ࠤ࠯߿ࠧࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠒࠔ࠰ࠖࠥࠧࠕ࠴ࠤࠩࠐ࠳ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠓࠖࠪ

U
UNH

࠘߾࠰࠯ߺ࠳ࠪࠩࠎࠊࠪ࠮࠘ࠨ (Unaccompanied Child) ࠀࠥࠧࠊࠤ ࠓࠥࠒࡵ࠴߿࠰ࠏࠣ࠯߿ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠎࠪࡹ ߺ߾࠰࠯ߺ࠳ࠤࠩࠎࠊࠪ࠮࠘ࠨ࠿ ࠞࠏࠩࠌ ࠛࠕ

ࠋࠥࠎ࠰࠯࠘ࠥࠓ࠰࠯ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠓࠪ࠮࠘ࠨ ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠨ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠩࠐࠤ࠰ߺ࠳ࠪࠩࠎࠊࠪ࠮ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ߺࠩࠖ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠕ࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠛ ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠛࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ U


UNH

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠞࠦ࠯ࠩࠕࡄ ࠷ ࠕࠤ߻ࠥࠧ߾࠰ࡵ࠴ࠫࠎ࠰࠯ࠓ࠴ ࠺ ࠕࠤ߻ࠥࠧ߾࠰ࡵ࠴ࠫࠎ࠰࠯ࠛࠋࠥ ࠕ࠴ࠥࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

UNHCR ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ߺࠓࡡࠤ࠮ࡤߺߺ࠰ࠩ࠲߻ࠎࠦࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡹ (The Red Cross ) , UNICEF , Save The Children ࠊࠥࠧࡹࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠏࠨ࠯ࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯ߺࠤ ࠘ࠨ

ࠛࠩࠐࠤ࠰ߺ࠳ࠪࠩࠎࠊࠪ࠮ ߺࠩࠖ࠯߾ࠔ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠛ࠘ࠥࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠫ࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ߿ࠤࠕ߾࠰࠯ࠁࠔࠤ࠯࠲ࠏࠫ࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠋࠥࠧࡹࠛ࠲ࠏ߾࠰ ࡃࠊࠥࠧࡹࡄ ࠖ

ࠓࠥ࠘ࠤ࠯߿ࠧࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠩ࠲߻ࠕࠤ߻࠭ࠖࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ߺࠥࠧࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠶࠾࠾࠵ ࠩࡵ࠴ࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ߺࠤࠖߺ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰߻ࠪ࠮ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠕ࠵ࠓ࠰ࠌࠣ (Rwanda) ߿ࠄ

࠲ࠏ࡬ࠎࠤࠓ࠴ࠤࠀࠥࠧࠕ߾࠰ ࠻࠼࠵࠵࠵߻ࠎ࠰ࡹࠕ࠴ࠥࠩ࠘ࠤ ߺࠩࠖ࠯࠘ࠨ߾ࠔ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪࡺࠓࠥ࠘ࠤ࠯ ߿ࠧࠩࠊ࠳ࠎࠪࡹ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠀ࠭ࠧ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠕ߻ࠪ࠮ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠊࠥ

ࠏࠄ

࠶࠹ ࠶
࠶࠺
ࠊ߾࠰࠯ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰ࠩࠎࠕࠤ߻࠱ࠋࠤ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ (Resettlement) ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ UNHCR ࠕࠪࡺ ࠓࠨ࠵ࠣࠌࠩࠊ࠳ߺ ࠒࠤ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠏࠣ࠘ࠖࠪ

ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠖࠥࠧࠖࠥࠧࠖࠤ࠯ࠖࠤ࠯ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠏࠥࠧࡹ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠕ࠲߻߾࠰࠯ (Voluntary Repatriation)


Repatriation)࠙ࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯߿ࠧࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰

ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠳ࠎ࠰࠘߾࠰࠮ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤ࠰ࠊࠪ࠮ ࠩ࠲ࠐࠕ࠴߾࠰࠯߻࠱ߺ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠩ࠘ࠤ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠛࠩࠊࠤࠓ࠘ࠊ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠓࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠛ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠩࠏ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮

ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠛࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠛࠕ߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠛ߻࠱ࠥࠫࡺࠩ࠘ࠤ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠓࠨࠖࠩࠌ࠘ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖࠥࠧࡹࠓࠕࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠊࠪ࠮ࠛ࠲ࠏ߾࠰

ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥࠕࠤࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠴ࠤࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠛ߿ࠞ࠰ࠋࠤ࠵ࠕࠩࠎࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠖࠥࠧࡹࠓࠕ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩࠎࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠪ࠮ࠌࠦࠖࠥࠧ ࠛࠩ࠲߻ࠛࠩࠎࠩࠊ࠳ࠓ࠴ࠤࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠊࠊࠥࠔࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠴ࠤ

ࠄ࠰ ࠛࠩ࠲߻߻࠱ࠩࠎࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧ࠘ࠤ ࠛࠀ߾࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏࠓࠔ࠰ࠖࠥࠧࡹ ࠔࠨࠀࠕࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠕࠤ࠯

ࠄ࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰ࠩࠎࠕࠤ߻࠱ࠋࠤ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧ߻ࠧߺࠥࠧ ࠞࠦ࠯߿ࠤ࠯ࠩࠏ࠯ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠖࠤ࠯

ࠄ࠰࠯

ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠘ࠤࠓࠎ࠰ࠛࠩ࠲߻ࠛࠩࠎࠓ࠴ࠤࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠓࠕࠏࠣࡀ ࠌࠣࠩࠏࠓࠔ࠰࠮ ࠓࠥ࠘ࠤ࠯߿ࠧࠩࠊ࠳ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰ࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯߿ࠄ࠰࠯߻࠳߾࠰࠮ߺࠥࠧ ࠩࠕ࠴ࡺࡶ࠴ࠫࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠓࠥ࠘ࠤ࠯߿ࠧ࠵߾࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࠕ࠴ࠥࠩࠎࠊࠪ࠮

ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠞࠦ࠯߿ࠤ࠯ࠩࠏ࠯ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠀࠥࠧࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

࠘ࠨ ࠓࠄ࠰࠘ࠄ࠰࠮ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰ࠩࠎࠕࠤ߻࠱ࠋࠤ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ࠩ࠵߿ࠧ ( Resettlement Quota ) ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠏࠣ࠵߾࠰ࠏࠣ࠘ࠖࠪ

ࠛࠕ

ߺࠤ ߺࠧࠖ࠘ࠓ߼ࡈࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡹ࠵߾࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯ ࠶࠾࠷ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰࠮ࠛࠎߺ࠰ ࠖߺ࠰ࠊ߿࠰ࠀࠧࠏ࠰߿ࠤ߻ࠎ࠰ࡹ࠘ࠤࠕ࠴ࠥࠩ࠘ࠤ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠤ

ࠄ࠰࠮ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰ࠩࠎࠕࠤ߻࠱ࠋࠤ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ࠩ࠵߿ࠧ ( Resettlement Quota ) ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠏࠣ࠵߾࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠔ߾࠰࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࡤ࠘߿ࠩࡤࠊ࠯ࠖ࠱࠿

ߺࠩࠎࠌࠣ࠿ ࠌࠥࠎ࠰࠯ࠓࠊ࠰࠿ ࠐ߾࠰ࠖࠎ࠰࠿ ࠎࠔࠨ࠯ࠁࠦࠖࠎ࠰࠿ ࠩࠎࠤ࠰ࠩ࠵࠯࠿ ࠀ࠳ࠦࠌ߾࠰࠿ ࠎࠔ࠰࠘ࠤࠖࠎ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠛࠩࠓࠕࠥߺࠎ࠰࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠩࠋࠤ߾࠰߿ࠧࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠘ࠤࠓࠎ࠰ࠛࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ UNHCR ࠓ࠴ࠊࠀ߾࠰࠮ ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠀࠥࠧࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠒࠤ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠖࠥࠧࡹࠖࠪࠀࠥࠧࠩࠊࠤ࠮

UNHCR ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࠓࠥ࠘ࠤ࠯߿ࠧ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰ࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯߿ࠄ࠰࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ (࠘ࠥࠧࡹ) ߻ࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠓࠤࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠔࠞ࠰ࠩߺ࠱࠯ࠓ࡮ ߺࠨ࠯ࠖࠨ࠯ࠀߺ࠰ࠀ࠭ࠓ࡮ߺࠥࠧ ࠛࠩࠖ࠯ࠩࠏ࠯ࠖࠥࠧࡹࠏࠣࠒࠪࡀ

ࠛࠕ

ࠔ࠰ࡀ UNHCR ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࠒࠤࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠩ࠵߿ࠧࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠓ࠲ࠐࠄ࠰࠮ࠀࠄ࠰࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠊࠤࠖࠪ

ࠛ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕࠩࠊ࠳ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪࡺࠩ࠵߿ࠧ (Quotas) ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ߺ࠱߾࠰࠯࠘࠭ࠧ࠯ࠐࠥࠧࡹ ࠛࡥࠓࠪࠛࠀ߾࠰࠘߾࠰࠮࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩࠎࠊࠔ࠰ࠖࠥࠧࡹ ࠓࠀࠥࠧࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠏࠣࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ

ߺࠤ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥ ࠛࠧࠏ࠰߿ࠧࠩࠊ࠳ࠕࠪࡺ࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠋࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠛࠩࠖ࠯ࠋࠤ࠯ࠕࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰ࠩࠎࠕࠤ߻࠱ࠋࠤ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ߺࠥࠧ

ࠊࡹࡄ ࠖߺ࠰߻࠭ࠊࠪ࠮ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪࡺࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠏ࠭࠮߿ࠤ࠯ࠕࠥࠊ࠰ࠋߺ࠰ ࠏࠥࠧࠓࠥࠧࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ߺࠧࠎ࠰ߺ࠱ࠐ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥࠊࠪ࠮ ߺ࠱ࠎ࠰࠯ࠓࠤࠩࠕ࠯࠲ࠏ࡬ࠎࠤࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠿

nda)
da) ߿ࠄ࠰࠯߿ࠄ࠰࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠩࠎࠊࠊ࠰ࠊࠪ࠮ ࠛࠕࠄ࠰ࠛ߻࠱߾࠰࠯ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠏࠔ࠰߻࠱ࠩࠖ࠮ࠕ࠴ࠥࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠩࠔࠒࠨࠔ࠱ࠛࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ ࠛ߻࠱ࠥࠫࡺࠩ࠘ࠤ

ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠀࠥࠧ࠯࠵ࠣ࠯ࠊࠪ࠮ࠒ࠵ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠖߺ࠰߻࠭ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠛࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯߿ࠧߺࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ߻ࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠓࠤࠊࠪ࠮ࠓࠥ࠘ࠤ࠯߿ࠧࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠔࠞ࠰ࠩߺ࠱࠯ࠓ࡮ࠕ࠴ࠥࠊࠪ࠮

ࠏࠄࠤࠊࠊ࠰ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠖࠥࠧࠖࠤ࠯ࡤߺࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ߿ࠄ࠰࠯߿ࠄ࠰࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥࠊࠪ࠮ࠓࠥ࠘ࠤ࠯߿ࠧࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠛ࠘ࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠛ࠵ࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠎࠪࡹ

࠶࠹
࠹ ࠶࠺
ࠩࠎ߻࠱߾࠰ࠊࠪ࠮ ࠖࠨࠓ࡮߿ࠥࠊ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠏࠥࠧࠖࠥࠧࠖࠤ࠯ࡤߺࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠪ࠮ࠌࠦࠖࠥࠧ ࠓࠥ࠘ࠤ࠯߿ࠧ ࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤࠖࠄ࠰࠯ UNHCR ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࡵࠥ߾

ࠒࠤࠓ࠴ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠐࠕ࠴߾࠰࠯ࠩࠏ࠯߿ࠕࠤ ࠓࠖࠥࠧࠩࠊࠤ࠮ࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ

ࠩࠖ࠴߻ࠥࠧ࠯߿ࠦ࠯ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠖࠤ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ (Stowaways) (࠘ࠥࠧࡺ) ࠏ߾࠰ࠖࠔ࠰࠲ࠏ߾࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤߺࠔ࠰ࠊ߾࠰߻࠭ࠕࠊࠪ࠮࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳

࠙ࠤ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ ( Asylum ) ࠕࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠓࠖࠤ࠯ ࡵ࠴߾

߾࠰࠯

ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤࠞࠏࠩࠌࠛࠕ ࠘ࠩࠒࡊࠤࠞࠦ࠯߿ࠦ࠯࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠏ߾࠰ࠖࠔ࠰ࠋࠪࠓ࠴ࠤ ࡦߺ࠭ࠫࠩࠊ࠳ࡹ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠀࠔ࠰ࠔࠨߺࠔ࠰ࠀࠔ࠰ࠕࠓࠔ࠰࠮ ࠏࠔ

ࠊࠤ࠵ࠎ࠰࠵ࠊࡗࠕࠤ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠑࠦࠔߺ࠰ࠎࠓ࠰ߺࠩࠎ ࠩࠖ࠴߿ࠦ࠯ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠖࠨࠛࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛ࠲ࠏࠤ࠯ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠖࠤ࠘ࠖࠥࠧ ߺࠥ߿ࡋࠩࠊ࠳ࠓ࠴ࠤࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠋࠥࠧ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ

߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯߻࠭࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ (Asylum Seekers) ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡤߺࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠖ࠴࠱ࠥࠫࡺ࠵࠴ߺ࠰߿࠳ࠤ ࠩࠖ࠴߿ࠦ࠯ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠖࠤ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ (Clandestine

Stowaways) ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠕࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠒ

ࠏ߾࠰ࠖࠔ࠰ࠋࠪࠓ࠴ࠤ ߺࠔ࠰ࠀࠔ࠰߻࠭ࠕࠊࠪ࠮ ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠀࠥࠏ࠰ߺࠓ࠰࠯ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠔࠤࠔࠦ࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ߻࠱ࠋࠤ࠯

ࡤߺࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠛ߻࠱ࠥࠫࡺࠩ࠘ࠤ ߺࠔ࠰ࠀࠔ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࠛࠖ࠭ࠏࠣࠊࠪ࠮ ࠘ࠩࠒࡊࠤࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺ ࠏ߾࠰ࠖࠔ࠰࠲ࠏ߾࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ ߺࠔ࠰ࠀࠔ࠰߻࠭ࠋࠤ࠯߻࠭ࠩࠎࠕࠊࠪ࠮ ࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰

࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰ࠩࠎࠕࠤ߻࠱ࠋࠤ࠯ࠩࠏ࠯ࠐࠥࠧࡹ ߺࠨࠄࠦࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠩࠎࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠊࠨࠄࠦ߻࠱ߺ࠰ ߿ࠤ߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠩࠖ࠴߿ࠦ࠯ࠋ࠳ߺࠩ


࠰ ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠖࠤ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠏࠊ࠰࠘ࠊ࠰ࡥࠏࠦ࠯

࠲ࠏࠆࠤࠎ࠰࠯ࠋࠤ࠯ࠊࠤࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹߺࠥࠧ ࠖߺ࠰߻࠭ࠩࠕ࠯ࠎࠪࡹࠏࠊ࠰࠘ࠊ࠰ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ࠩࠊࠤ࠮ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠛࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ߺ࠳ࠪ࠲ࠏࠤ࠯࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠎࠤ࠯ ࠩࠎࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ UNHCR

ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹߺࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠩࠖ࠴߿ࠦ࠯ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠖࠤ࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠎࠦ࠯߿ࠏ࠰ࠕࠤࠀࠥࠏ࠰ߺࠓ࠰࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ߻࠱ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠛࠪ࠮ࠌࠦࠩࠌ࠘ ࠛࠤࠉࠤࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࠕࠪࡺ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰

ࠛ࠘ࠥࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠫ࠲߻߾࠰࠯ߺࠥࠧ ߻࠭ࠩ߿ࠖࠥࠧࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

U
UNH

ࠀࠥࠏ࠰ߺࠓ࠰࠯ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧߺ ࠩࠖ࠴߿ࠦ࠯ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠖࠤ࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠖߺ࠰ࠓ߻࠭ࠖࠥࠧࡹ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪࡺࠒ࠵ߺࠥࠧ ࡥ߻ࠥ࠰ࠓ࠰࠯ࠩ࠲߻ࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠎࠊࠪ࠮ ࠒ

ࠩࠎࠕࠏ࠰ࠀࠦ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠏࠥࠧࡹࠖࠥࠧߺ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠙ࠤ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠩࠎࠕࠏ࠰ߺࠥࠧ ࠛࠊ߾࠰࠯ࠛࡤߺࠏ࠰࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠏࠥࠧࡹ࠲߻߾࠰࠯ (Refoulment) ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠏࠣ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠛࠪ࠮ࠌࠦࠖࠥࠧߺࠥ߿ࡋࠩࠊ࠳ࠓ࠴ࠤ UNHCR ࠛࠕࠤࠕ࠴ࠥࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࠛ߾࠰ࠊࠤࠑ࠱ࠬ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠘ࠊ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰

ࠋࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ࡹࠕ࠴ࠥࠕࠊࠪ࠮࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠛࠀ߾࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏࠓࠔ࠰࠮ ࠩ࠲ࠐࠕ࠴߾࠰࠯߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧߺࠥࠧ ࠕ࠴ࠤࠩࠐ࠳ߺࠨࠄࠦࠩࠏ࠯ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤࠛࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮

ࠊࠊࠥࠔࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠏࠥࠧࡹࠩࠏ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

UNHCR ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓࠪ࠮ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ (Statelessness) ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠓࠄ࠰࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠲ࠏࠫࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠏࠣ࠘ࠖࠪ

ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤࠞࠏࠩࠌࠓ࠴ࠤ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ (Nationality)


(Nationality)ߺࠥࠧ ߺ࠱ࠔ࠰ߺ࠱ࠔ࠰࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࡹ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࡹࠛ࠘ࠥࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠫࠋࠤ࠯ࠏࠣ ࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠩ࠘ࠤ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ߺࠓࡡࠤ࠮ࠩࠎࠕࠤࠛࡵ࠴࠭ࡹࠛ࠲ࠏࠤ࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓࠪ࠮࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ࠛࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛ࠲ࠏࠤ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥࠩࠎࡤߺࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠋࠨ࠯࠘࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ ࠔ߻߾࠰ࠀࠥࠧࠑࠦࠔߺ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠕ࠴ࠥ

ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠛ߻࠱ࠥࠫࡺࠓ࠴ࠤ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠲ࠏ࡬ࠎࠤࠛࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯߿ࠧߺࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ߺ࠳ࠪ࠲ࠏࠤ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࡶࠥࠧ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥ ࠓࠥࠒࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡄ ࠘ࠤ࠯࠘ࠓࠦ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡤߺࠤ࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯࠿

ࠓࠥ߻߾࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠙ࠧࠊ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠩࠓ࠳࠯ࠐ࠳ࠤ࠯࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠏ࠳ࠤ࠯ࡤߺ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠙ࠤ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠩࠓ࠳࠯ࠐ࠳ࠤ࠯ࠕࠤࠩࠌ࠘ࠕࠪࡺ

࠶࠻ ࠶
࠶࠼
ߺ࠰ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ߺࠥࠧ ࠓࠕ࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡤߺࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ ࠌࠣࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠶࠾࠹࠽ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ ࠩࡤߺ࠲߾ࠤ߿ࠤࠊࠓ࠰࠯࠿ ࠶࠾࠺࠹ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠊࠨࠄࠦ߻࠱ߺ࠰

ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠶࠾࠻࠶ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓࠪ࠮ࠩࠖ࠱ࠤ࠮߻࠱ࠩࠕ࠯ ࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠊࠨࠄࠦ߻࠱ߺ࠰߿ࠤ߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠕ “ࠖࠨࠊ߿࠰ࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰ߺࠥࠧ ࠖࠨࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ࠛࠕ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩ߿࠿ ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠕ

߾࠰࠯࠘ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩ߿࠿ ࠒࠤ࠘ࠤࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩ߿࠿ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠕ࠯߻࠭ࠔࠨ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩ߿࠿ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠓ࠴

ࠔ࠰࠮ ࠏࠔ࠰߻࠱߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠒࠨ࠯ ” ࠙ࠧ ࠩࠐࠤ࠰࠲ࠏࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠙ࠤ

stine
ne ࠔ߾࠰࠯ࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠎࠔ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠓߺࠨ࠯ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠓ࡮࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓࠪ࠮ࠓ࡮ߺࠥࠧ ࠊࠤ࠯࠲ࠓ߿࠰ࠕࠤࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠋࠥࠧࡹ࠲ࠏ߾࠰ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓࠪ࠮

ࠒ࠵ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠊࠪ࠮ ࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ ߿ࠄ࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠞ࠰࠯ࠊࠄ࠰ࠩࠀࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠕࠤࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠎ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ߺࠧࠖ࠘ࠓ߼ࡈ

ࠛࠩࠋ࠳ࠩࠋ࠳ࠄࠦࠖࠤ߻࠭ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࠓ࠴ ࠛࠋߺ࠰ࠏࠣ࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠊࠨ߿ࠤ߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࡤߺࠄ࠰࠮ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ UNHCR ߺࠥࠧ ߺࠨࠄࠦࠩࠎ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠋࠤ࠯

ߺ࠰

ࡥࠏࠦ࠯

NHCR
CR

࠲ࠐ߿࠰

UNHCR ࡄ http://unhcr.org.ua/main.php?part_id=4&article_id=82&view=full ߺࠥࠧ ࠀࠦࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤ࠰ࠩࠛࠤ߾࠰

ࠊࠪ࠮ ࠒࠤ࠘ࠤ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠊ࠰

࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮

ࠔ࠰ࡀ

߾࠭ࠕ࠴ࠥ

߾࠰࠯࠿

࠘ࠕࠪࡺ

࠶࠻
࠻ ࠶࠼
ࠛ߻ࠎ࠰࠯( ࠷ )
ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ ࠛࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯

ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯

ߺࡣ࠳ࡵࠧ࠰ࠏ࠰ࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠛ࠘ࠥࠞࠤࠉ࠰ࠏࠄࠤ࠲ࠓ߾࠰࠮ࠓࠤ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠛࠄࠦ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠘ࠥ ࠋࠤ࠯ࠕࠓࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ ࠀࠥࠧ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠩࡤߺࠤߺ࠰ࠕ࠳࠭࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠴ ߺ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠗ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ (Freedom From Fear)ࡵ࠴


Fear) ߾࠰࠮ ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠊ࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠴ ߺ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠗ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯

(Freedom From Wants) ࠙ࠨࡂ ࠛࠍࠥࠏ࡞ࠤࠔ࠰ࠐ࠳߾࠰࠮ࠀࠥࠧ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࡵ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠛࠤ࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠛࡤߺࠤ࠯ ߼ࠧࠉ࠰࠘ࠥߺࡇࠤࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮

ࠊࠎ࠰࠯ࠊࠨࠄࠦࠓ࠴࠱ࠓ࡮ߺࠥࠧ ࠊࠎ࠰ࠐࠥࠧ࠯ࠋࠤ࠯ࠩࠖ࠯߿ࠤ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࡄ ࠛࡵ࠴߿࠰࠘ࠤࠕࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠏ߾࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠖࠧࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࡄ ࠛࠩ࠲߻߻࠭ࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

࠶ࡀ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠖࠨࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠩࠓ࠳࠯ࠕࠤࠏࠣࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

( Human Rights are inherent )

ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠵ࠔ࠰ࠔࠨࡂ ࠖࡰࠪࠩ࠲ࠏࠤ߾࠰࠯ࡂ ࠓࠕࡀ ࠖࠨࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩࠎࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰

ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠕࠔࠨࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠷ࡀ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮࠘ߺ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

( Human Rights are universal )

ࠛ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠩࠕࠤ߾࠰࠿ ࠖࠨࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠿ ߺࠥࠧ࠯ߺ࠳ࠔ࠰࠘ࠄ࠰࠮ࠒࠤ࠘ࠤ࠿ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠕ࠯࠿ ࠖࠨࠓ࡮ࠩࠕ࠯࠿ ࠛࠩࠊ࠳࠯ࠛࠩ߻ࡅ࠿ ࠖࠥ߾࠰ߺ࠳ࠪ࠲ࠏࠤ࠯ࠓ࡮ࠓࠩࠕ࠳࠯ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ ࠛࠩࠕ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰

ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠛࠩࠏࡅ ࠊࠎ࠰࠯ࠊࠨࠄࠦࠓ࠴࠱ࠓ࡮ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠩࠓ࠳࠯ࠐ࠳ࠤ࠯ࠖࠤ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠴߿ࡂ ࠖ࠳ࠊ࠰ࠖࠏ࠰ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠊࠎ࠰࠯ࠊࠨࠄࠦࠓ࠴࠱ࠩ࠘ࠤ

ࠖࠨࡹ߼ࠧࠉ࠰࠘ࠥߺࡇࠤࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠸ࡀ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠓࠄ࠰࠘ࠨߺࠓ࠴࠱ ࠔࠨࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰࠘ࠥࠓ࠰࠯ࠏࠥࠧߺ࠰ࡂࠓࠕࡀ

( Human Rights are inalienable )

ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠓࠄ࠰࠘ࠨߺࠓ࠴࠱ ࠔࠨࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰࠘ࠥࠓ࠰࠯ࠏࠥࠧߺ࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࡀ ࠖࠨࠊ߿࠰ࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰ࡄ ࠩࠓ࠳࠯ࠕࠤࠏࠣࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠋࠥࠧ࠘ࠨࡄ

࠶࠽
ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠛ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠞࠏࠩࠌࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺ ࠛ࠘ࠥࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠓ࠲ࠏࠫ࠘ࠄ࠰࠮ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰ ࠋࠥࠧ࠘ࠨࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯߻࠭߿ࠤ࠯߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠋࠥࠧ࠘ࠥࠧࡹ

ࠛ࠘ࠥࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠓ࠲ࠏࠫ࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠋࠥࠧ࠘ࠨࠛࠩࠏࡅ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯߻࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠐࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࡮࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠹ࡀ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧ ࠛ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠛࠖ࠴ࠎ࠰ࠀߺ࠰߿ࠏ࠰ࠩࠎ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

( Human Rights are indivisible )

ࠖࠨ߼ࠧࠉ࠰࠘ࠥߺࡇࠤࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠛࠄࠦ ࠩࠎࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠛ࠘ߺ࠰ࠕ࠴߾࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠎ࠰ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠖ࠳ࠊ࠰ࠖࠏ࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮࠿ ࠖ࠭ࠧࡥ߻࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠖࠥࠧ ࠖ࠭ࠧ ࠩࠖࠤߺ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ

ࠖࠨࠩࠎࠓ࡮ࠒ࠵ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠖࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠩࠖ࠱ࠤࠄࠦࠩࠋ࠳߿࠳ࠤ ߻࠭߿ࠤ࠯߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠓࠄ࠰࠘ࠄ࠰࠮ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ߺࠥࠧࠓ࠴ ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠋߺ࠰ࠏࠥࠧࡂ

ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࡦߺࠦ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰࠙ࠧࠩ࠲ࠏࠤࡂࠓࠕࡀ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧ ߻࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠐࠤߺ࠰߻࠭ࠕ࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧࠏࠣ ࠋࠥࠧ߻ࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠩ߿࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠋࠥࠧࡹࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠖࠨࡹ߼ࠧࠉ࠰࠘ࠥߺࡇࠤ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ࠀߺ࠰߿ࠏ࠰ࠩࠎ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠛ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࡤߺ࠲߾ࠤ߿ࠤࠊࠓ࠰࠯

ࠛ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࡤߺ࠲߾ࠤ߿ࠤࠊࠓ࠰࠯ (Universal Declaration of Human Rights


Rights) ߺࠥࠧ ࠶࠾࠹࠽ ࠌࠦࠁ߾࠰ࠒࠤ ࠶࠵

ࠕߺ࠰ࠩࠎࡹࠊ࠳߾࠰ ߺࠧࠖ࠘ࠓ߼ࡈࠛࠩࠋ࠳ࠩࠋ࠳ࠄࠦࠖࠤ߻࠭ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࠓ࠴ ࠖߺ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠋࠥࠧ࠯ࠛࠊࠄ࠰࠲ࠏࠫ߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࡤߺ࠲߾ࠤ߿ࠤࠊࠓ࠰࠯ࡄ ࠛࠊࠥࠧ߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ࠛࠍࠥࠏ࡞ࠣࠔ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ -

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠶)ࡀ ࠖࠨࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠩࠓ࠳࠯ࠐ࠳ࠤ࠯ࠖࠤߺࠊࠄ࠰࠯ߺ ࠊࠎ࠰࠯ࠊࠨࠄࠦࠓ࡮ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠷)ࡀ ࠓࠄ࠰࠘ࠨߺࠥࠧࠓ࠴࠱ ߻࠳ࠪ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠐࠥࡵ࠴ࠥࠏ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠩ߿ࠕࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠸)ࡀ ࠖࠨࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠛ࠘ߺ࠰ࠕ࠴߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮࠿ ࠖ࠳ࠊ࠰ࠖࠏ࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ࠖ࠭ࠧࡥ߻࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠹)ࡀ ࠓࠄ࠰࠘ࠨߺࠥࠧࠓ࠴ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩ߿߻ࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ ࠩࠕࠤ߾࠰࠯࠵ࠔ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠲ࠏࠫࠕࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠺)ࡀ ࠓࠄ࠰࠘ࠨߺࠥࠧࠓ࠴ ࠓࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴ࠥࠏ࠰߿ߺ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠿ ࠖࠨࠓࠀࠎ࠰߿࠳ࠤ࠿ ࠕߺ࠰߿ߺ࠰߿࠳ࠤࠀߺ࠰ࠀ࠭࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠿ ࠛ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠩࠏ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠲ࠏࠫࠕࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠻)ࡀ ࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠞࠏࠩࠌࠩࠕ࠴ࡺࠩࠓ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠖࠨࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠛ࠘ࠥࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠫ߻࠭ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࡀ

࠶࠾
ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠼)ࡀ ࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠞࠏࠩࠌࠩࠕ࠴ࡺࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠊࠎ࠰࠯ࠊࠨࠄࠦ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠽)ࡀ ࠓࠥࠓࠥࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯߻࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠐࠤߺ࠰߻࠭ࠕࠏࠣߺ ࠞࠏࠩࠌࠛߺࠨࠛࠄࠦࠕࠔࠨ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠾)ࡀ ࠓࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠐࠓ࠰࠯ࠀࠦ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠿ ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠓ࠴ ࡵ࠴߾࠰ࠋࠧࠊ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠕࠕ࠴ࠥ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠶࠵)ࡀ ࠖࠨࠛࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡤߺࠤ࠯ࠎࠤࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠓ࠴࠱ࠊࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠊࠕࠤ࠯߿ࠦࠕ߾࠰ࠓ࡮ࠕࠕ࠴ࠥ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠶࠶)ࡀ ߻ࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠖ࠭ࠧࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠛࠋࠤ࠯ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠓ߻࠱߾࠰࠯ ࠋࠥࠧ࠘ࠨ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠛ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥ࠙ࠨࡂ ࠘ࠊ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰߻࠭ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠶࠷)ࡀ ࠏࠧ߼ࡈࠖࠥߺߺࠥࠧࠔ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ߺࠥࠧࠔ࠰ࠊࠤࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ ࠵߾࠰ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰߿࠳ߺ࠰ࠐߺ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠴ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠶࠸)ࡀ ࠖ࠳ࠊ࠰ࠖࠏ࠰߿࠳ࠤ ࠖ࠴ࠫࠏ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠖࠤ߻࠳߾࠰࠮

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠶࠹)ࡀ ࠓࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠛ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠩࠏ࠯߻࠭ࠕࠓࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧࠏࠣߺ ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯߻࠭ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠶࠺)ࡀ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠶࠻)ࡀ ࠛࠕ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ ࠓࠥࠓࠥࠀࡵ࡛࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ ࠖߺ࠰ࠋࠏ࠰ࠛࠥࠓ࠰ࠔࠤࠋࠨࠩࠋࠤ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠶࠼)ࡀ ࠏ߿ࡋࠄ࠰࠯ࠞ߿ࡋࠤࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠶࠽)ࡀ ࠖ࠳ࠊ࠰ࠖࠏ࠰߿࠳ࠤࠩࠊ࠳࠯ࠩ߻ࡅࠔ࠭ࠧࡤߺࠄ࠰ߺࠥࠧ࠯ߺ࠳ࠔ࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠶࠾)ࡀ ࠖ࠳ࠊ࠰ࠖࠏ࠰߿࠳ࠤ ࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࠩࠐࠤ࠰ࠊ߾࠰࠲ࠏࠩ࠲ࠏࠤࠀࠥࠧ߻࠳߾࠰࠮࠿ ࠘ࠊ߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠕࠔࠨ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠷࠵)ࡀ ࡥ߾ࠥࠓ࠰࠯߻࠱ࠓ࠰࠯߿࠳ࠤࠐ࠳ࡹ߿
ࠪ ࠄ࠰࠯ࠋࠤ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤࠛࠐ࠳ࡹࠛ
ࠪ ߿ࠄ࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ ࠖ࠳ࠊ࠰ࠖࠏ࠰߿࠳ࠤ࠵߾࠰ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࡀ ߿ࠧࠩ࠵࠯߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠷࠶)ࡀ ࠛ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕࠊ࠳߾࠰ࠏࠣ࠵߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠷࠷)ࡀ ࠖࠨࠓ࡮ࠐࠨࠖ࠭ࠧࠩࠕ࠯߻࠭߿ࠤ࠯߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࡀ

࠷࠵
ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠷࠸)ࡀ ࠛࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠖࠧࠏ࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮࠿ ࠛࠖࠧࠏ࠰࠘ࠓࠤ࠯࠘ࠓ߼ࡈ࠵߾࠰ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠷࠹)ࡀ ࠛࠏࠎ࠰࠯ࠩ࠲ࠐࠛࠎࠤ࠯ࠔࠨ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠷࠺)ࡀ ࠖ࠭ࠧࠩࠖࠤߺ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠖࠨࠓ࡮ࠛࠀ߾࠰࠮ࠛࠊࠎ࠰࠯߻࠭߿ࠤ࠯߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ࠩࠀ࠯ߺࠧ࠘߻࠭ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠷࠻)ࡀ ࠏࠄࠤ࠘߾࠰ࡤߺࠤ࠯ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠷࠼)ࡀ ࠔࠞ࠰ࠩߺ࠱࠯ࠓ࡮ࠒ࠵ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠏࠣ࠵߾࠰ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ࠩࠀ࠯ߺࠧ࠘߻࠭ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠷࠽)ࡀ ࠋࠥࠧࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠩࠖ࠯߿ࠤ࠯ࠕࠎ࠰ࠊࠤ࠵ࠎ࠰ࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠷࠾)ࡀ ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡄ ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠩࠖ࠯߿ࠤ࠯ࠕࠎ࠰ࠊࠤ࠵ࠎ࠰ࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰(࠸࠵)ࡀ ࠓࠄ࠰࠘ࠨࠓ࠴࠱ࠝࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠓ߻࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠐࠤߺ࠰ࠕࠎ࠰ࠊࠤ࠵ࠎ࠰ࡀ

ࠋࠥࠧࠛ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࡤߺ࠲߾ࠤ߿ࠤࠊࠓ࠰࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠓࠤࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠿ ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ ࠛࠏࠣࠛ࠵߾࠰

ࠊߺࠓࠤࡡࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ߺ ࠖߺ࠰߻࠭࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠊࠨࡥࠏࠦ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠝࠩࡤߺ࠲߾ࠤ߿ࠤࠊࠓ࠰࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ߺ࠱߾࠰࠮࠵ࠊ࠰࠘ࠥߺࡇࠤࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠋ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠞࠏࠩࠌࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧ ࠘ࠤ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠞࠏࠩࠌ࠘ߺ࠰ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰

ࠛࠩߺࠤ߾࠰ࠛࠋࠄ࠰ࠩࠐࠤ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠩࠓࠤ߾࠰࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠲ࠐࠄ࠰࠮ࠀࠄ࠰࠯ࠩࠏ࠯ࠓࠄ࠰࠮ ࠞࠏࠩࠌࠔࡵࡘࠕࠤ࠯ ࠊ߿࠭ࠧࠊࠕࠤࠓࠏࠣࠕ࠴ࠥ߻ࠪ࠮ࠏࠣࡀ

࠷࠶
ࠛ߻ࠎ࠰࠯ (࠸)
ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠛࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯

‘Everybody has the right to seek and to enjoy in other country asylum from persecution.”

(Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 14(1))

“ࠓࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠛ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠩࠏ࠯߻࠭ࠕࠩࠊࠤ࠮ࠓࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧࠏࠣߺ ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࠊ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠭࠴ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯߻࠭ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ“

ࠛ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠖࠨࡺࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠯ ࠩࡤߺࠄࠤ߿ࠤࠊࠓ࠰࠯ ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰ ࠶࠹(ߺ)

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ( Refugee )

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤࠓ࠙ࠤࠓ߾࠰࠯ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࡶ࠭ࠧ࠯ (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees) ߺ

* ࠖࠨࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ (Race)

* ࠒࠤ࠘ࠤࠩࠕ࠯ (Religion)

* ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠓ࡮ (Nationality)

* ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠕ࠯ࠔ࠭ࠧࡤߺࠄ࠰߻࠱ߺ࠰ (Political Opinion) ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮

* ࠖࠨࠓ࡮ࠩࠕ࠯ࠛࠐ࠳ࡹࠊ
ࠪ ࠐ࠳ࠪࡹࠐ࠳ࠪࡹ࠘ࠥࠧࡹ࠵߾࠰ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ (Membership in a Particular Social Group)

ࠊࠥࠧࡹࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠄ࠴߾࠰࠯ࠏࠓ࠰࠯ࡵ࠴ࠥࠏ࠰߿ߺ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠩࠏ࠯߻࠭ࠕࠓࠄ࠰ߺࠥࠧ ࠩࡤߺࠤߺ࠰ࠕ࠳࠭ࡺࠕࠎ࠰ ߻ࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠖ࠭ࠧࠩ࠘ࠤࠛࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠛࠖߺ࠰

ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠨ࠿ ࠋࠥࠧ࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠩࡤߺࠤߺ࠰ࠕ࠳࠭ࡺࠓ࡮ߺࠥࠧ ࠛࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠫࡂ ࠓࠥࠓࠥࠊࠥࠧࡹࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠛ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕࡄ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ߺࠥࠧ ࠓ߻࠭ࠔࠨ

ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠧ ࠛࠍࠥࠏ࡞ࠤࠔ࠰ࠐ࠳߾࠰࠮ࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡄ ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠏࠊ࠰࠘ࠊ࠰ࡂ ࠛ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࡤߺࠄࠤ߿ࠤࠊࠓ࠰࠯ࡄ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰ ࠶࠹(ߺ) ࠊ࠳߾࠰ “ࠓࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠛ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠩࠏ࠯߻࠭ࠕࠩࠊࠤ࠮ࠓࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧࠏࠣߺ ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠊ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭

ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰࠰”࠙ࠧࠀࠥࠧࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠏࠊ࠰࠘ࠊ࠰ࡂߺࠓࡡࠤࠩࠏࡅࠊ࠳߾࠰ߺࠧࠖ࠘ࠓ߼ࡈ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ

ࠓ࠙ࠤࠓ߾࠰࠯ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࡶ࠭ࠧ࠯ (UNHCR ) ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠷࠷
ߺࠧࠖ࠘ࠓ߼ࡈࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤࠓ࠙ࠤࠓ߾࠰࠯ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࡶ࠭ࠧ࠯ ( UNHCR )

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) ࡶ࠭ࠧ࠯ࡦߺࠦ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠶࠾࠺࠶ ࠁࠎ࠰ࠎ࠵ࠣࠕࠦࠖ

(࠶) ࠕߺ࠰ࠩࠎࡹࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠐ࠳ࠪࡹ߿ࠄ࠰࠯߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ߺࠧࠖ࠘ࠓ߼ࡈ ࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡹࠛࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠲ࠏ࡬ࠎࠤߺࠥࠧ ߺࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠊ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠐࠕ࠴߾࠰࠯࠘ࠄ࠰࠮

ࠛࠍࠥߺࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡹࠛ߿ࠄ࠰࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ UNHCR ߺ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠖࠨࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯࠿ ࠒࠤ࠘ࠤࠩࠕ࠯࠿ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠓ࡮࠿

ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠕ࠯߻࠭ࠔࠨ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠖࠨࠓ࡮ࠩࠕ࠯ࠛࠐ࠳ࡹࠊ
ࠪ ࠐ࠳ࠪࡹࠐ࠳ࠪࡹ࠘ࠥࠧࡹ࠵߾࠰ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠄ࠴߾࠰࠯ࠏࠓ࠰࠯ࡵ࠴ࠥࠏ࠰߿ߺ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠩࠏ࠯߻࠭ࠕࠓࠄ࠰࠙ࠧ ࠩࡤߺࠤߺ࠰ࠕ࠳࠭ࡺࠕࠎ࠰

߻ࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠖ࠭ࠧࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠛࠖߺ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ (a well-founded fear of persecution) ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠨ࠿ ࠋࠥࠧ࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠩࡤߺࠤߺ࠰ࠕ࠳࠭ࡺࠓ࡮ߺࠥࠧ ࠛࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠫࡂ

ࠓࠥࠓࠥࠊࠥࠧࡹࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠛ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕࡄ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ߺࠥࠧ ࠓ߻࠭ࠔࠨࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠧ ࠛࠍࠥࠏ࡞ࠤࠔ࠰ࠐ࠳߾࠰࠮ࠀࠥࠧࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

UNHCR ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠏࠊ࠰࠘ࠊ࠰ࡂ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠩࠏ࠯ࠕࠎ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠲ࠏ࡬ࠎࠤࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ

ࠋࠤ࠵ࠕࠩ࠲ࠐࠕ࠴߾࠰࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠛࠖߺ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠕ࠴ࠤࠩࠐ࠳ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠎ࠰ ࠛࠍࠥߺࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠩࠎࠕࠏ࠰࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰ࠩࠎࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰߻ࠪ࠮ࠩ࠘ࠤ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤࠏ߾࠰ ࠖ࠴ࠄ࠰࠮ࠖࠄ࠰ࠩࠎࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩࠎࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠩࠎࠕࠤࠛࠊࠄ࠰ࠊߺ࠱ࠓࠩࠎ ࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠏࠣࠛ࠵߾࠰ ߺࠓࡡࠤࠩࠏࡅࠕ࠴ࠥ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠘ࠎ࠰࠯ (࠸࠵) ߻ࠎࡹ࠰ࡄ ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ߺࠥ߿ࡋࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠕ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩࠎ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠓ࡮࠙ࠧࠀࠥࠧࠕࠤࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ ࠐࠓ࠰࠯ࠀࠦ࠯ࠋࠥࠎ࠰࠯࠘ࠥࠓ࠰࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ߺࠥࠧ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠕࠎ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡄ ࠖ࠭ࠧࡥ߻࠭ࠫࠩࠕ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠊࠤ࠵ࠎ࠰ࠔࠨࠕࠎ࠰ࠊࠥࠧࡹࠏࠣ࠵߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠋࠥࠧࠓ࠴࠱ࠓߺ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠊࠨ߿ࠤ߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ߺࠥࠧ

ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺ ࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠊࠨࠖߺ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࠋࠥࠧ࠯ࠖࠤࠩ߿ࠕࠎ࠰ ࠓࠥࠓࠥ࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠛࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠎࠕࠏ࠰࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰࠘ࠄ࠰࠮ࠛ߿ࠦࠛ߿ࠞ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰࠲ࠏ࡬ࠎࠤࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠩ࠲ࠐࠕ࠴߾࠰࠯ࠕࠎ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ߺࠔ࠰ࠀࠔ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࠛࠐ࠳ࡹࠓ


ࠪ ࠱ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ ࠏࠨ࠯ࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯ࠖߺ࠰ࠊ࠳ࠪࡂ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ

ߺࠨࠄࠦࠩࠋߺ࠰ࠏ࠭࠮ࠓ࡮ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠕࠎ࠰ࠊࠥࠧࡹߺࠥࠧ ࡦߺࠥࠫ࠯ࠏࠓ࠰࠯ࠖ࠴࠱ߺ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

UNHCR ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠵ࠎ࠰ࠋࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯ ࠻࠽࠵࠵ ࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ ߺࠓࠤࡡࡺࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ ࠶࠶࠵ ࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠖࠄ࠰ࠏࠊ࠰ࠖ࠱ߺ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠵ࠎ࠰ࠋࠓ࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡄ ࠽࠺ ࠕࠤ߻ࠥࠧ߾࠰ࡵ࠴ࠫࠎ࠰࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠖߺ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࡹࠎࠔ࠰ࠏࠔ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ߺࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠖ࠴࠱ߺ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯ ࠶࠶࠺ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࡶ࠭ࠧ࠯߻࠳ࠪࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯ ࠷࠵࠵

ࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰ ࠐ࠳߾࠰࠮ࠖ࠴߿࠰ࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤࠓ࠙ࠤࠓ߾࠰࠯ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࡶ࠭ࠧ࠯ࡄࠑ࠙ࠥࠧࠩߺࠤ࠰ࠓࠊࠦ࠵߾࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯ ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠺࠵ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡹࡄ

࠷࠵࠶࠵ ࠒࠊ࠰߼࠱ߺ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠩࠌࡅࠖࠤ ࠸ ࠒࠦࠖࠦࠔ࠭ࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰ ࠘ࠊ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠷࠸
ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠓ࠙ࠤࠓ߾࠰࠯ࡦߺࠦ࠯

ࠖߺ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥࠊࠤ࠵ࠎ࠰ࠋࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠩࠎࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠓ࠙ࠤࠓ߾࠰࠯ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠩࠏࡅࠊࠨ߼ࠦ࠵ࠎ࠰ࡦߺࠦ࠯߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ࠩ࠙ࠤ߾࠰࠯ ࠛࠎ࠰ࠊࠥࠧࠎࠦࠔࠥࠧ߼ࠨࠊࠤ࠯

( Antonio Guterres ) ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠘ࠨ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠶࠵ ࠞࠦ࠯ࠩ࠲ࠓࠤߺ࠰ ࠓ࠙ࠤࠓ߾࠰࠯ࡦߺࠦ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠷࠵࠵࠺߻ࠧ ࠁ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠖ࠶࠺ ࠕߺ࠰ࠩࠎࡹࠓ࠴߿ࠊ߾࠰ߺࠤ ࠺ࡵ࠴߿࠰

࠘ߺ࠰ࠊࠓ࠰࠯ ࠊࠤ࠵ࠎ࠰ࠋࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠓࠄ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤࠓ࠙ࠤࠓ߾࠰࠯ࡦߺࠦ࠯ Antonio Guterres ࡄ ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠘ࠤ࠯ࠐ࠳ࠔ࠰ ࠛࠀࠥࠧࠛࠓࠥࠎ࠰ࡹࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

“ Everyone that needs to be protected, should be protected. ”

“ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࡮߻࠭ࠕࠐࠥࠧࡹࠖࠥࠧࠛࠏ࠰ࠊࠪ࠮ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ߺࠥࠧ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠏ࠯ࠕࠖࠥࠓ࠰࠮ࠓࠔ࠰ࡀ ”

“ In the past few years, asylum issues and refugee protection have become inextricably linked with the

question of international migration particularly irregular migration. ”

“ ࠔ߻߾࠰ࡵ࠴߿࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ߺ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯߻࠭ࠓ࡮ߺࠥ߿ࡋࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ߺࠥ߿ࡋࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤ ࠩࠎࠕࠏ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠕࡰࡺ࠲߻߾࠰࠯

ߺࠥ߿ࡋࠩࠊ࠳ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠩࠋ࠳࠲ࠏࠤ࠯ࡶ࠴ࠫࠏ࠰ࠩࠋ࠳࠯߻ࠪ࠮ࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ”

“ Refugee are not terrorist. They are often the ¿rst victims of terrorism. ”

“ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ ࠛࡤߺࠓ࠰࠯ࠐߺ࠰࠘ࠓࠤ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ࠓ࠙ࠧࠊ࠰ࡤߺࠏࠣࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠙ࠤ ࠛࡤߺࠓ࠰࠯ࠐߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳ࠕࠪࡺ ࠛࠞࠦ࠯ ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯࠘ࠤ࠯ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠩࠊࠤ࠮

ࠓࡤߺࠤ߻ࠉ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࡤߺࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ”

࠷࠹
࠘ߺࡆࠕࠤࠁ࠰ ࠷࠵࠶࠵ ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ UNHCR ࠛࡦߺࠦ࠯ࠛߺࠪ Antino Guterres ࡄ ࠛࠍࠥߺࠕࠄ࠰ࠕ࠳ࠔ࠰߻࠱ߺ࠰ ( ࠷ ) ࠕࠏ࠰

ࠏࠋࠓࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰- ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠊࠥࠧࡹࠊ߿࠰ࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪࡺ ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࠏࡅ࠲ࠏ߾࠰ࠀ߾࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠊ࠭ࠧࡹ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠓ࡮߿࠳ࠓ࠰࠯ࠕࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳

࠲ࠓ߾࠰࠮ࠓࠤ࠯ࠩࠛࠤ߾࠰ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠕࠓࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠪ࠮ࠌࠦࠛࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪࡺ ࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠏ࠭࠮ࠓ࡮࠿ ߺ࠳߾࠰࠯ࠀߺ࠰߿ࠦࠓ࠭߻ࠎ࠰ࡹ߻࠳ࠪࠓ࡮࠿ ࠕࠥߺࡇࠤࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠏ࠭࠮ࠩࠕ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮

ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࠏࡅࠊ࠭ࠧࡹ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠓ࡮ ࡵ࠴߿࠰߻ࠧ߿ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠛ߾࠰ࠛࠤ࠯࠲ࠐࠄ࠰࠮ࠊ߾࠰࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠛࠏࠣࠛࠗ߾࠰ ࠏࠨ࠯ࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠕ࠳ߺ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠊࠥࠧࡹ ࠏࠣ࠵߾࠰ࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠙ࠤ

ߺࠓࡡࠤࠊ߿࠰࠵ࠓ
࠴ ࠰࠯ ࠛࠓࠥࠧ࠯ࠛߺࠤ ࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠏ࠭࠮ࠩࠕ࠯ࠏ߿ࡋࠄ࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠏࠊ࠰࠘ࠊ࠰ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ࠛ߻࠱ࠥࠎ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠊࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠄࠦ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩ߿ࠕࠎ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠔ࠭ࠧࡤߺࠄ࠰߿ࠥࠊ࠰߻࠱ࠕࠩ࠘ࠤ

ࡦߺࠥࠫࠊ߾࠰࠲ࠏ߾࠰ࠀ߾࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠌࠦࠋߺ࠰ࠏࠥࠧࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠘ࠥࠩ߿ࠖࠥࠧࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠌࠧࠊࠥࠔࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰- ࡥࠓࠥࠫࡺ࠲ࠏࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ ࠩࠏࡅࠖ߿ࠦࠛ࠘߿࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠏࠊ࠰࠘ࠊ࠰ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠊࠥࠧ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠖࠤࠩ࠘ࠤ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰

ࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࡄ ࡶ࠴ࠫࠏ࠰ࠩࠋ࠳࠯ࠎߺ࠰ࠎࠪࠓ࡮ߺࠥࠧߺࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠊ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠐࠕ࠴߾࠰࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠩࠎࠕࠤࠓࠪ࠮࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯(IDP)ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰߻࠱ߺ࠰

߻࠱ࠪࡺࠋ࠳߾࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࠊࠥࠧࡹࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠙ࠤ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪࡺ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯߿࠳ࠓ࠰࠯ࠕࠄ࠰ߺࠥࠧ ࠲ࠓ࠴߾࠰࠮ࠊ߾࠰ࠐࠥࠧࡹࠖࠥࠧࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠌࠦߺࠥ߿ࡋࠎࠪࡹࠏࠊ࠰࠘ࠊ࠰ࡂ “Working Group” ߺࠥࠧ ࠞࠦ࠯ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠓࠔ࠰࠮ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࠖߺ࠰ࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ ࠓ࠙ࠤࠓ߾࠰࠯ࡦߺࠦ࠯

ࠓ߿ࡋ߿࠰ Grika Feller ߺࠥࠧ ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤࠋࠤ࠯ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠁ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠖ (࠷࠵) ࠕߺ࠰ࠩࠎࡺ࠘ࠄ࠰ ߺࠓࠤࡡࡺࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠩࠎࡺ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠷࠺
ࠛ߻ࠎ࠰࠯ (࠹)
ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤ ࠛ࠘ࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠛࠗࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠩࠕ࠯

ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤߺ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠕࠎ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ࠏࠊ࠰࠘ࠊ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ -

*ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ ࠛࠊ߾࠰࠯ࠛࡤߺࠏ࠰ࠩࠎࠕࠏ࠰࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠏࠥࠧࡹࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ ࠊࠤ࠯࠲ࠓ߿࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠿

*ࠛࠩ࠲߻߻࠭ࠛߺ࠱ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠓ࡮ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠋࠥࠧࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠩࠎࠕࠏ࠰࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠩࠓࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠋࠧࠊ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠿ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠏࠥࠧࡹ࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠲ࠏࠫࠕࠎ࠰ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

*ࠋࠥࠧࠖࠨࡄࠖࠨࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠿ ߺࠥࠧ࠯ߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠓ࡮࠿ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠓ࡮࠿ ࠖࠨࠓ࡮ࠩࠕ࠯(࠘ࠥࠧࡹ)ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠕ࠯߻࠭ࠔࠨ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡹ࠵߾࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠩࠎࠕࠏ࠰࠘ࠥࠧࡹ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖ࠴࠱߾࠰

ࠛࡵࡘࠕࠤࠔ࠰ ߺ࠱ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠏࠣߺ ࠋࠥࠧࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ߺࠥࠧ ࠘ࠨࡄࠩࠎࠕ߾࠰࠯࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰ࠏࠥࠧࡹࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ ࠓ࠲ࠏࠫࠕࠩࠏࡀ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡄ ࠖ࠭ࠧࡥ߻࠭ࠫࠩࠕ࠯

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡄ ࠖ࠭ࠧࡥ߻࠭ࠫࠩࠕ࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠛࠩ࠲߻߻࠭ࠛߺ࠱ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯ ࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠊ߿࠰߻࠱ߺ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯߻࠭ࠩ࠘ࠤ

࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠒ࠵ ࠛ࠘ߺ࠰ࠕ࠴߾࠰࠘ࠎ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯߻࠭࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯߻࠭ࠩࠎࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠎࠔ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠓࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠋࠥࠧ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹߺࠥࠧ ࠖ࠭ࠧࡥ߻࠭ࠫࠓ࡮ࠓࠩࠏ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠏࠣߺ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠮࠰ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࠘


࡮ ࠄ࠰

ࠛࠍࠥࠏ࡞ࠤࠔ࠰ࠓࠪ࠮ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩࠏࠖࠥࠓ࠰࠮ࠓࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡄ ࡶࠧࠏ࠰ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤࠖ࠭ࠧࡥ߻࠭ࠫࠩࠕ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫࠕࠤࠩࠎࠕࠤࠩࠌ࠘ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡄ

ࠖ࠭ࠧࡥ߻࠭ࠫࠩࠕ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠝࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠊ࠳߾࠰ࠛࡦߺ࠭ࠫ࠯࠵߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠘ࠓࠦ࠯ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ ࠖࠥ߾࠰ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤࠛࡤߺࠓ࠰࠯ࠐߺ࠰ࠓ࡮

࠘ࠄ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠔ߻ࠧࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠛࡦߺ࠭ࠫ࠯࠵߾࠰ࠏࠣ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ ࠐࠓ࠰࠯ࠀࠦ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯

ࠓࠥࠓࠥࠛ࠘ߺ࠰ࠕ࠴߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ߺࠥࠧ ࠛࡵࡘࠕࠤࠔ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠩࡵ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠔ࠴ߺ࠰࠲ࠏࠫࠩࠎࠩ࠘ࠤࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠓ࠴ ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ ࠛࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯࠘ࠥࠧࡹ

ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠊࠥࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤ߾࠰ࠖࠤࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠓࠄ࠰࠘ࠄ࠰࠮ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ߺࠥࠧࠓ࠴ ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠛࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ ࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠓ࠵߾࠰ ࠵߾࠰ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࡮࠘ߺ࠰࠘ߺ࠰࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮

ࠐࠓ࠰࠯ࠀࠦ࠯߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ࠩࡵ࠴ࠤ߾࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠲ࠏࠫࠕࠩࠏࡀ

࠘ࠨࡄ ࠖࠨࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠓ࡮࠿ ߺࠥࠧ࠯ߺ࠳ࠔ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠓ࡮࠿ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠓ࡮࠿ ࠖࠨࠓࠩ


࡮ ࠕ࠯ (࠘ࠥࠧࡹ) ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠕ࠯ࠛ࠘߾࠰࠯ࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡹࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡹ࠵߾࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮

࠘ࠨࡄࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠛࡵࡘࠕࠤࠔ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥࡂ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠊࠥࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤ߾࠰ࠖࠤ࠘ࠨ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠋࠥࠧࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ߺࠥࠧ ࠘ߺ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤࠛ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕ ࠋ࠭ࠊ࠳߾࠰

߻ࠥࠧ߾࠰߻ࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠖ࠭ࠧࠖ࠭ࠧࠊ߾࠰࠲ࠏࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠏࠣߺ ࡃࠊࠥࠧࡹߺࠥࠧ ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠛࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ ࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠓ࠵߾࠰ ࠵߾࠰ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࡮࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ ࠐࠓ࠰࠯ࠀࠦ࠯߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ࠩࡵ࠴ࠤ߾࠰ࡂ ࠓࠕࠩࠏࡀ

࠷࠻
ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯

ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠘ߺ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠩ࠘ࠤ࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠿

࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ࠛࠩ࠲߻ࠊߺ࠱ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠒࠪ ࠖ࠴ࠄ࠰࠮ࠖࠄ࠰ࠩࠎࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩࠎࠕ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠛ߻࠱ࠥࠫࡺࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠖࠨࠎࠄ࠰࠯߿ࠧ ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠕ߾࠰࠯࠘ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰

ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠎࠄ࠰࠯ࠊࠨ ࠖ࠳ࠊ࠰ࠖࠏ࠰߿࠳ࠤ ࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠖࠤࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠿ ࠏࠄࠤ࠘߾࠰ࡤߺࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠿ ߿ࠦ࠯ࠏ࠳ࠤ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠲߻߾࠰࠯ ࠓࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠏࠣࡀ

ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠏࠄࠤࠕ࠴߾࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠛ࠲ࠓ߾࠰ࠛࠕࠛࠧࠏ࠰߿ࠧࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧࡄ ࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡹ࠵߾࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩࠎࠩ࠘ࠤࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠏࠥࠧࠓࠥࠧࠛࠩ߿ࠤ࠰ߺࠤ࠯߻࠭ࠕ

ࠐࠥࡵ࠴ࠥࠏ࠰߻࠭ࠕࠩ࠘ࠤࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠊࠎ࠰࠯ࠊࠨࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠿ ࠛࠋࠨ࠯ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠓ࡮ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠀࠥࠧࠖࠤ࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ ࠛࠧࠏ࠰߿ࠧࠖࠥࠧߺ࠰

ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࠏࡅࠖࠤ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠋࠥࠧ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠛࠧࠏ࠰߿ࠧࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧࡄ ࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡹ࠵߾࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠛ߻࠱ࠥࠫࡺࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

࠲߾߾࠰࠯ࠏࠔ࠰߻࠭ࠕ࠘ࠄ࠰࠮࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠛࠧࠏ࠰߿ࠧࠖࠥࠧߺ࠰ ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ ࠖࠥࠧࠛࠏ࠰ࠩࠎࠩ࠘ࠤ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠖࠤ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ ࠛࠩ࠲߻ࠊߺ࠱ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠒࠪ ࠖ࠴ࠄ࠰࠮ࠖࠄ࠰ࠩࠎࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠓࠥࠓࠥߺࠥࠧࠔ࠰ߺࠥࠧ

ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠖࠥࠧ ࡃࠛࠧࠏ࠰߿ࠧ࠵߾࠰ ߺࠩࠖ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ߺࠩࠖ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠪ࠮࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠏࠄࠤ࠘߾࠰ࡤߺࠤ࠯߻࠳߾࠰࠮࠿

ࠛࠤࠉࠤࠕࠕ࠴ࠥ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠏࠣࡀ ࠋࠥࠧࡹࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠘ߺ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠩࠏࡅࠩࠏࠣߺ࠰߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠓࠥࠓࠥࠊࠥࠧࡹ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫࠩࠎࠩ࠘ࠤࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠴ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠎࠄ࠰࠯ࠊࠨ࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠖࠤ߻࠳߾࠰࠮࠿ ࡵࠥࠧ߾߾


࠰ ࠩ
࠭ ࠕ࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠏࠣ࠵߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮࠿

ࠛࠀ߾࠰࠮࠲ࠓ߾࠰࠮ࠏࠄࠤ࠘߾࠰ࡤߺࠤ࠯߻࠳߾࠰࠮࠿ ࠩࠀ࠯ࡶ࠭ࠧࠩࠀ࠯߻ࠎ࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠘࠳ࠤ࠯߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠏࠣࡀ ࠋࠥࠧ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ߺࠧࠖ࠘ࠓ߼ࡈࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤࠓ࠙ࠤࠓ

߾࠰࠯ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࡶ࠭ࠧ࠯ߺ ࠛߺࠤࠛߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠋࠤ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠛ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰࠮ࠛ࠵ࠓ࠙ࠧࠊ࠰ࠏࠣࡀ ࠋࠥࠧ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ߿ࠤ࠘߾࠰ࠩߺ࠱ࠤ߾࠰࠯࠿ ࠩࠀ࠯ࡶ࠭ࠧ ߿࠘࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮

ࠛߺࠤࠛߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠕࠎ࠰ ࠛࠋࠨ࠯ࠛ߿ࠦࠛ߿ࠞ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠖࠥࠧࠛࠏ࠰ࠩࠎࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠓࠥࠓࠥߺࠥࠧࠔ࠰ࠓࠥࠓࠥ ࠓࠕࠏ࠰ࠊࠄ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ߿ࠤࠎࠤࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰࠮

ࠛࠩࠎ࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ ࠛࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠛߺࠨߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠕࠎ࠰ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ ࠩࠏࡅࠖࠤ࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯

ࠖࠨࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯࠿ ࠒࠤ࠘ࠤࠩࠕ࠯࠿ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠓ࡮࠿ ࠖࠨࠓ࡮ࠩࠕ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠕ࠯ࠛࠐ࠳ࡹ࠵


ࠪ ߾࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠓ࡮ ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧ߻ࠧࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮

ࠛ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠔࠨ߻࠭ࠕࠓࠄ࠰࠮ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࠓࠤ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤ ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕࠥࠓ࠰ࠓ࡮߻ࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠓࠤࠓࠤࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ ࠓࠥࠓࠥࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠴ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰߻࠳ࠤࠖࠤࠕ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠏ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠿

ࠓࠩࠏ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯߻࠭߻࠭ࠕࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠘ߺ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࡄ ࠀࡵ࡛ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠩࠏࡅࠖ߿ࠦࠛࠩࠏࡅࠊ࠳߾࠰࠘ࠤࠊࠄ࠰ࠏࠣ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯߻࠭ࠖࠤ࠘ࠨࠓ࠴ࠎ࠰࠘ࠓ࠴࠱ߺࠥࠧ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ ࠓ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠓࠩࠎ ࠩࠏ࠯ࠕࠓࠄ࠰࠮ ࠊࠤ࠵ࠎ࠰ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠏࠣࡀ

࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠕࠤࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠶࠾࠺࠶ ߻ࠧࡵ࠴߿࠰ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤࠛࠀ߾࠰࠮ࠛࠊࠎ࠰࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠊࠨ߿ࠤ߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ ( Convention Relat-

࠷࠼
ing to the Status of Refugees ) ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠶࠾࠻࠻ ߻ࠧࡵ࠴߿࠰ ࠩࠎࠤߺ࠰ࠀߺ࠰ࠊ࠳ࠪ߿ࠤ߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ ( The Protocol Relating to the Status

of Refugees ) ߿ࠤ߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠕ “ ࠖࠨࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯࠿ ࠒࠤ࠘ࠤࠩࠕ࠯࠿ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠓ࡮࠿ ࠖࠨࠓ࡮ࠩࠕ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠕ࠯ ࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡹ࠵߾࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠓ࡮ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧ߻ࠧࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮

ࠛ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠔࠨ߻࠭ࠕࠓࠄ࠰࠮ ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࠓࠤ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤ ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕࠥࠓ࠰ࠓ࡮߻ࠥࠧ߾࠰߻ࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠓࠤࠓࠤࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ ࠓࠥࠓࠥࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠴ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰߻࠳ࠤࠖࠤࠕ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯”࠘ࠄ࠰

ࠋࠥࠧ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯߻࠭࠘ࠄ࠰࠮ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠎࠔ࠰ࠎࠓࠥࠊ࠰ࠛࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠊ࠲ࠏࠥࠫ߾࠰ ࠎߺ࠰ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯߻࠭߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ߺࠥࠧ ࠖߺ࠰߻࠭࠘ࠄ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩ߿࠿ ࠖߺ࠰ࠓ߻࠭࠘ࠄ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩ߿ ࠋࠥࠧࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠛ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕߺ ࠋࠥࠧ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠩࠏࡅ ࠀࡵ࡛ࠓࠏࠣࠒࠪ ࠛࠊ߾࠰࠯ࠛࡤߺࠏ࠰

ࠩࠎࠕ߾࠰࠯ࠛࠕࠏ࠰ࠀࠦ࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠏࠥࠧࡹ࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠲ࠏࠫࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩࠏࡀ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰ࠏࠥࠧࡹࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠏࠣߺ ࠛ࠘ߺ࠰ࠛࡵࡘࠕࠤࠔ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠕ߾࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࡦߺ࠭ࠫࠩࠊ࠳ࡹࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ

ࠩࠎࠕࠏ࠰ࠕ߾࠰࠯ࠀࠦ࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠛࠊ߾࠰࠯ࠛࡤߺࠏ࠰ ࡵ࠴߾࠰ࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࡂࠓࠕࠏࠣࡀ

ࠋࠥࠧ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡄ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ߺࠥࠧ ࠲߾߾࠰࠯ࠏࠔ࠰ࠏࠣߺࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠋࠥࠧࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠛ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠋࠥࠧ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠩࠎ࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ ࠀࡵ࡛ࠛࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ ࠩࠎࠕࠏ࠰࠘ࠥࠧࡹ

࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠩ߿ࠩࠕ࠯࠿ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫࠕࠤࠩࠌ࠘ࠛࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ ࠘࠙ࠁࠤࠊߺ࠱ߺ࠱ ࠩࠎࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩࠕ࠯࠿ ࠋࠥࠧ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ ࠖߺ࠰߻࠭࠘ࠄ࠰࠮ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊ࠳߾࠰

࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰ࠩࠎࠕࠤ߻࠱ࠋࠤ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ ࠊࠥࠧࡹࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠊࠤ࠵ࠎ࠰ࠔࠨࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠕ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠕࠎ࠰ ࠊࠤ࠵ࠎ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠛߺࠔ࠰ࡂ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯߻࠭࠘ࠨ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࡥ߾ࠥࠓ࠰࠯߻࠱ࠓ࠰࠯࠘ࠤࠔࠤࠩࠕ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠋࠥࠏࠣ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤࠕࠤࠁ࠵ࠊ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠿ ߿߿࠰ࠕࠤࠁ࠵ࠊ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠿

ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠛࡵࡘࠕࠤࠔ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠓ࡮ࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠿ ࠋࠥࠧ࠘ࠨࡄ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠛࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠕ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠓ࠘ߺ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࠩࠖ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰࠮

ࠕࠤࠁ࠵ࠊ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ߺ࠱ࠬ࠯ࠖ࠳ࠎ࠰߻ࠪ࠮࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠿ ߺࠧࠖ࠘ࠓ߼ࡈࡄ ࠞࠦ࠯ࠊࠄ࠰߻࠱ߺ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ࠓࠨ࠵ࠣࠌࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ ࠀࠎ࠰ࡹߺ࠱߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰࠮ࠛࠓ࡮ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ

ߺ࠱ࠬ࠯ࠖ࠳ࠎ࠰߻ࠪ࠮࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥࠏࠣߺ ࠋࠥࠧ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠛࡦߺ࠭ࠫ࠯ࠓ࠵߾࠰ࠩࠏࡀ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ( Refugee ) ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ࠩࠎࠕࠤࠛࠊࠄ࠰ࠊߺ࠱ࠖ࠴ࠄ࠰࠮ࠖࠄ࠰ࠊࠥࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤ߾࠰࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ (IDP) ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠎࠤ࠯߻࠱ߺ࠰

ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤࠏࠅࠥࠏߺࡇ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩ߿࠿ ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ࠏࠅࠥࠏߺࡇ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩ߿࠿ ࠖߺ࠰ࠎߺ࠰ߺࠥࠧ߾࠰߿߿࠰ࠏ࠳ࠪࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡥࠏࠦࠀࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠱߾࠰ ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠘ࠄ࠰

ࠓࠥࠓࠥࠊࠥࠧࡹࠛ࠘ߺ࠰ࠕ࠴߾࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠛ࠲ࠏ߾࠰࠯ࠛࠋࠎ࠰߻࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠐࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠓ࠴ ࠖ࠳ࠊ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠓࠤߺ࠰ࠕࠤ࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠊࠥࠓ࠰࠯ ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤ߾࠰ࠕ߿ࡥࠓࠪ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠋࠥࠧ࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠩࠎࠕࠏ࠰ߺࠥࠧ ߿࠳ࠎ࠰ࡹ߻࠳ࠤࠊࠥࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤ߾࠰ࠕࠤࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠎࠔ࠰ࠎࠓࠥࠊ࠰࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫࠏࠣߺ ࠋࠥࠧ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ( Refugee )

࠙ࠧࠩ߻ࡅࡂ ࠓࠥࠓࠥࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠎࠔ࠰ࠎࠓࠥࠊ࠰ࠛࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ࡁ࠘ࠤ ࠖ࠴ࠄ࠰࠮ࠖࠄ࠰ࠊࠥࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤ߾࠰ࠩࠎࠏࠣߺ ࠋࠥࠧ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠩࠎࠕࠏ࠰ࠛࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ ࠛࠊࠄ࠰ࠊߺ࠱ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠒࠪ

ࠖ࠴ࠄ࠰࠮ࠖࠄ࠰ࠊࠥࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤ߾࠰ࠩࠎ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ( Internally Displaced Persons ) ࠙ࠧࠩ߻ࡅࠩ࠵ࡅ࠘ࠊ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠩࠖ࠮ࠕ࠴ࠥࠏࠣ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ ߻࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠐࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠖߺ࠰ࠎߺ࠰ߺࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠏࠅࠥࠏߺࡇࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥࠖࠤࠕ࠘ࠄ࠰࠮

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠖࠨࠞࠦ࠯ࠩࠕࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠊࠥࠧ࠯ࠏ࠳ࠤ࠯ࠖࠤ࠘ࠖࠥࠧ ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠊࠐߺ࠰ࠊ࠳߾࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠓࠥࠧ࠯ࠩ߻ࠣ߾࠰࠿ ࠕࠥߺࡇࠤ࠲ࠏࠊ࠰ࡂ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰

ࠒ࠵ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥࠩ࠘ࠤ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠛࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛ࠲ࠏࠤ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠷࠽
ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ࠎࠔ࠰ߺࠨ࠯ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤ߾࠰࠯࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ( Migrants ) ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠎࠤ࠯߻࠱ߺ࠰

ࠎࠔ࠰ߺࠨ࠯ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠖࠤ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ( Migrants ))ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠓࠊࠨࠏ࠭ࠧࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰߻࠳ࠤࡶ࠭ࠧࠓ࠴

ࠊࠏࠣ࠯ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠩࠕ࠳࠯߻࠱ࠔ࠰ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠩࠏࡀ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠛࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ ࠀࠥࠧ࠯࠵ࠣ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤ߻࠳ࠪ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠀߺ࠰ࠀ࠭ࠓ࡮ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠿

ࠖߺ࠰ࠎߺ࠰ߺࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠏࠅࠥࠏߺࡇࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠿ ࠀࠥࠧ࠯࠵ࠣ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ ߻࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠐࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠓࠖ࠳ࠪࠓࠩࠕ࠴ࠤ߾࠰࠘ࠤࡂ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠕ࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

߿ࠦ࠯ࠏ࠳ࠤ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ࠎࠔ࠰ߺࠨ࠯࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ (Economic Migrants) ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠒ࠵ࠊࠥࠧ࠯ࠊߺ࠰ࠐࠥࠧࡹࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࡶࠧࠏ࠰࠵ࠊ࡙ࠫࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ

ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࠏ࠳ࠤ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠀߺ࠰ࠖߺ࠰ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ߺࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕ࠴ࠤࠩࠐ࠳ࠕࠎ࠰ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠖࠤ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠛࠍࠥߺ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠎࠤ࠯߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ

߿ࠦ࠯ࠏ࠳ࠤ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ࠛࠕ ࠎࠔ࠰ߺࠨ࠯ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠖࠤ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࡃࠊࠥࠧࡹࡄ ࠓࠨࠕ߾࠰࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡄ ࠛࠤࠉࠤࠛߺࠤࠛߺ࠳ࠔ࠰

ࠛࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠕࡤߺ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠩ࠘ࠤ࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠓࠕࠕ࠴ࠥࠩࠏࡀ

ࠋࠥࠧࡹࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ߿ࠦ࠯ࠏ࠳ࠤ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠎࠔ࠰ߺࠨ࠯ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠖࠤ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠘ࠊ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠋࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ

߿࠭ࡵ࠴ࠫࠎ࠰࠯ ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤߺ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠩࠏ࠯ࠛࠏ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠖࠓ࠰࠯ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ߿ࠤࠕ߾࠰࠯ࠓࠊ߾࠰ࠋࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠩࠏࡀ

࠷࠾
ࠛ߻ࠎ࠰࠯ (࠺)
ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ ࠞࠏࠩࠌࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛࠩࠕ࠯

࠘ߺࡆࠕࠤࠁ࠰ ࠷࠵࠶࠵߻ࠧࡵ࠴߿࠰ࠛࠋࠥ ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠿ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠛ࠘ࠥ

ࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠫ߻࠭ࡥࠏࠦ࠯࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓࠪ࠮ࠩࠎࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠨࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯ ࠶ ࠘ࠥࠎ࠰࠯߻ࠎ࠰ࡹࠩࠎࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰࠙ࠧ ߻ࠎ࠰ࡹࠓ࠴ࠎ࠰࠯ࡤߺ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ UNHCR ࠵ߺ࠰ࠀࠥࠧࠌ࠰ࠛࠕ ࠷࠵࠵࠾

߻ࠧࡵ࠴߿࠰ࠛࠋࠥ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠨ (Asylum Seeker) ࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯ ࠾࠵࠵࠵࠵ ࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰ߺࠥࠧ ߿ࠤࠕ߾࠰࠯ࠖߺ࠰߻࠭ࡥࠏࠦ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠋࠥࠧࠋࠪࠓ࠴ ࠾࠵ ࠕࠤ߻ࠥࠧ߾࠰ࡵ࠴ࠫࠎ࠰࠯ࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠓࠤ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠓ࠴࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰࠙ࠧ ࠩࠐࠤ࠰࠲ࠏࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠶࠾࠺࠶ ߺࠧࠖ࠘ࠓ߼ࡈࡄ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤ߿ࠄ࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠞ࠰࠯ߺ࠱߾࠰࠮ࠋ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ ࠖߺ࠰߻࠭ࠋࠤ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠩ࠘ࠤ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ ࠹࠹ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠏࠣ࠵߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠋࠥࠧࡹ࠲ࠏ߾࠰ UNHCR ࡄ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠖߺ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠕࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠿ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓࠪ࠮ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠛࠤ࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ߺࠥࠧ

ࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠓ࠵߾࠰ߺࠨ࠯ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠖࠤ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ (Irregular Migrants) ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠖࠨ࠵߾࠰ࠓ࡮ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࡤߺࠏ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࠛࠐ࠳ࡹࡵ


ࠪ ࠴߾࠰࠮ RELA ࠙ࠧࠩ߻ࡅࠩ࠘ࠤ

ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࠛࠩࠏ࠱ࠤ࠰ࠊࠓ࠰࠯ࠊࠏ࠰ (Malaysian Volunteer Corps) ࠊࠥࠧࡹߺ ࠖࠨ࠵߾࠰ࠓ࡮ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࡤߺࠏ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ ࠞࠏࠩࠌ࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ ߿ࠞ࠰ࠀߺ࠰ࠓ࠲ࠏࠊ࠰

ࠐࠓ࠰࠯ࠀࠦ࠯ࠖ࠴࠱ߺ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠓ࠵߾࠰ࠛࠖࠧࠏ࠰࠘ࠓࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠛ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠕࠤࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠩ߾࠳ࠌࠉ࠰࠿ ࠩࠋࠤ߾࠰ࠌࠉ࠰ ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮

ࡦߺࠥࠓ࠰ࠌࠉ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠴ ࡵ࠴߾࠰ࠋࠧࠊ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ (Deportation) ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠷࠵࠵࠼ ࠊ߿࠰ࡵ࠴߿࠰ࠋࠪࠊ࠳߾࠰

ࠖࠨ࠵߾࠰ࠓ࡮ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࡤߺࠏ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࠆࠤࠎࠓ࠴ ࠐࠓ࠰࠯ࠀࠦ࠯ࠕࠓࠥ࠘ࠨࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯ ࠺࠼࠷࠺࠼ ࠕ࠴ࠥ߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠸࠵
ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤ߿ࠤ߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤࠛࠀ߾࠰࠮ࠛࠊࠎ࠰࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠊࠨ߿ࠤ߻࠱ࠫࠏ (࠶࠾࠺࠶) (Convention

Relating to the Status of Refugees) ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠩࠎࠤߺ࠰ࠀߺ࠰ࠊ࠳ࠪ߿ࠤ߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ (The Protocol Relating to the Status of

Refugee, 1966) ߺࠥࠧ ࠖߺ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࠋࠥࠧ࠯ࠋࠤ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠩࠏࡀ ࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠩ࠘ࠤ࠰ ߺࠧࠖ࠘ࠓ߼ࡈࡄ ࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡹ࠵߾࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮

ࠛ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ ࠩࡤߺࠄࠤ߿ࠤࠊࠓ࠰࠯ (Universal Declaration of Human Rights) ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤࠞࠏࠩࠌࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮

ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠞࠏࠩࠌࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠖࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠎࠤࠩࠖ࠯߿ࠤ࠯ࠕࠓࠄ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠶࠾࠹࠽ ࠁ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠖࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠊࠨࠖߺ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠋࠥࠧ࠯߻ࠪ࠮ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࡤߺ࠲߾ࠤ߿ࠤࠊࠓ࠰࠯ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰

(࠶࠹) ࠛࠕ “ࠓࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠛ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠩࠏ࠯߻࠭ࠕࠩࠊࠤ࠮ࠓࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧࠏࠣߺ ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠊ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯߻࠭ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰”

࠙ࠧࠀࠥࠧࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤࠞࠏࠩࠌࠊ࠳߾࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡄࠛ࠘ߺ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠖ࠳ࠊ࠰ࠖࠏ࠰ ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ߺࠥࠧ ࡥ߻ࠥࠓ࠰࠯ࠩ࠲߻ࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠎ࠘ࠄ࠰࠮

ࠩࠎࠕࠤࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠓࠏࠥࠧࡹࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ (Non-Refoulement) ࠓࠨ࠵ࠣࠌ ࠏࠣ࠵߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ ࠖߺ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠋࠥࠧ࠯ࠋࠤ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠘ࠓࠦ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ ࠎࠄ࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯߿࠭ࠧ࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮߻࠳ࠪ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠋࠤ࠯ࠓ࡮ࠛࠤ࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ ࠏࠩࠏ࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯

࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠊࠨ߿ࠤ߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ (࠶࠾࠾࠺) (Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against

Women) ࠛࠕ ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠕ࠴ࠥ ࠔࠤࠔࠦࠩࠎࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠨ (࠘ࠥࠧࡹ) ࠛࡥࠓࠪࠩࠎࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠨࠛࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠘ࠓࠦ࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ࡄ ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ߺࠥࠧ

ࠄࠦࠊࠨࠄࠦࠓ࠴࠱ࠩࠏ࠯ࠕࠓࠄ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠘ࠓࠦ࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠊࠨࠄࠦࠓ࠴࠱ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠖ࠭ࠧࡥ߻࠭ࠫࠩࠕ࠯࠿ ࠏࠄࠤࠩࠕ࠯࠿ ߺ࠱ࠎ࠰࠯ࠓࠤ ࠩࠕ࠯ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࡮࠿

ࠛࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮࠿ ߺࠩࠖ࠯ࠩࠓ࠳࠯ࠐ࠳ࠤ࠯ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ ࠛࠏࠣࠛ࠵߾࠰ ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠕࠕ࠴ࠥࠕࠓࠄ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠋࠥࠧࡹ࠲ࠏ߾࠰ ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ ࠖߺ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠋࠥࠧ࠯ ࠛ࠘ࠥࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠫࠋࠤ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤ ߺࠩࠖ࠯ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯߿ࠤ߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ (Convention

on the Rights of the Child (CRC)) ࠛࠕ ߺࠩࠖ࠯࠘ࠨ߾ࠔ࠰ࠛࠤ࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ ࠕࠓࠄ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠋࠥࠧ࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠊࠨ߿ࠤ߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ࠛࠕ ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠄ࠰ ߺࠩࠖ࠯࠘ࠨ߾ࠔ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡄ ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠛ࠘ࠥࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠫࠕࠓࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࡄ

ࠖ࠭ࠧࡥ߻࠭ࠫࠩࠕ࠯࠿ ࠏࠄࠤࠩࠕ࠯࠿ ߺ࠱ࠎ࠰࠯ࠓࠤࠩࠕ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠩࠎࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ߿ࠦࠓ࠭ࠩࠏ࠯ࠕࠓࠄ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠸࠶
ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࡄ ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠌࠉ࠰߿ࠎ߿࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠿ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠛࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠛࠋࠤ࠯ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥ ߺࠨ࠯ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠖࠤ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

(Non-Documented Migrants) ࠊࠥࠧࡹࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠞࠏࠩࠌ࠿ ࠩࠏࡅࠖ߿ࠦࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ߺ࠱߾࠰࠮ࠋ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠘ࠄ࠰ ߺ࠳ࠪ࠲ࠏࠤ࠯ࠓ࡮ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥ ࠛࠊࠨࠊࠨ ࠏ߾࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠪ ࠴߾࠰࠮ RELA ࠩ߻ࡅ ࠛࠩࠏ࠱ࠤ࠰ࠊࠓ࠰࠯ࠊࠏ࠰ࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠓ࠵߾࠰ࠩࠎࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰࠙ࠧ


ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࡄ ࠖࠨ࠵߾࠰ࠓ࡮ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࡤߺࠏ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࠛࠐ࠳ࡹࡵ

ࠔࠨࠀࠕࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠩࠎࠛࠥࠓ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠛࠊ߾࠰࠯࠵߾࠰ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠕ࠴ࠤࠩࠐ࠳࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠿ ࠵ࠕࠓ࠰࠯ࠓࠏࠣࠒࠪ ࠐࠓ࠰࠯ࠀࠦ࠯߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠋࠨ࠯࠘࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ RELA ࠊࠥࠧࡹ

࠵߾࠰ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰߿ࠦ࠯ࠎ߾࠰࠯ࠓ࡮ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠲ࠏ߾࠰࠯ࠋࠎ࠰߿࠳ࠤࠌࠉ࠰ࠕࠤࠕ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠩ࠘ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠕ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠵߾࠰ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰߿ࠦ࠯ࠎ߾࠰࠯ࠐࠓ࠰࠯ࠀࠦ࠯߻࠱ࠥࠎ࠰ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ߺࠧࠖ࠘ࠓ߼ࡈ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ߺࠌ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠛࡦߺ࠭ࠫ࠯ࠓ࠵߾࠰ࠩࠏࡀ ࠋࠥࠧࡹ࠲ࠏ߾࠰ ࠋࠥࠧߺࠪ࠮࠘ࠥࠧࡹ

ࠛ࠲ࠏ߾࠰࠯ࠛࠋࠎ࠰ ߿ࠦ࠯ࠎ߾࠰࠯ࠐࠓ࠰࠯ࠀࠦ࠯ࠕࠤࠊ࠳߾࠰ ߺࠥࠧࠔ࠰࠵ࠎ࠰ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠿ ߺࠩࠖ࠯࠘ࠨ߾ࠔ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠏࠣ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠌࠉ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠕࠤࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠩ߾࠳ࠌࠉ࠰࠿

ࠩࠋࠤ߾࠰ࠌࠉ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛ࠲ࠏ߾࠰ ࡦߺࠥࠓ࠰ࠌࠉ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠏࠣ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠴ ࡵ࠴߾࠰ࠋࠧࠊ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠖࠨ࠵߾࠰ࠓ࡮ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࡤߺࠏ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࠓ࠴ ࡦߺࠥࠓ࠰ࠌࠉ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯߿ࠎ߿࠰ (Whipping)


(Whipping)ߺࠥࠧ ࠷࠵࠵࠷ ߻ࠧࡵ࠴߿࠰ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠊࠕࠤ࠯࠵߾࠰࠲ࠏࠆࠤࠎ࠰࠯߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠋࠪࠩࠕ࠯࠵ࠎ࠰ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࠆࠤࠎࡄ ࠷࠵࠵࠹ ࠌࠦࠁ߾࠰ࠒࠤࠋࠧࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠎ࠰߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠛࠕ ࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠓ࠵߾࠰࠵߾࠰ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ࠖࠤ࠘ࠨ (Illegal Migrant) ࠶࠽࠻࠵࠼

ࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰ߺࠥࠧ ࡦߺࠥࠓ࠰ࠌࠉ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠛ߾࠰ࠌࠥࠧࠎࠦ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࠖࠨࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ ࠶࠶࠹࠼࠸ ࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰࠿ ࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠓࠤࠖࠨࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ ࠷࠼࠽࠻ ࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰࠿ ࠐࠥࠖ߿࠰ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠖࠨࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ ࠶࠾࠺࠻

ࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰࠿ ࠒ߼ࡊࠖࠤ࠯ࠩࠌ࠰࠮ࠕ࠴࠰ࠖࠨࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ ࠼࠵࠽ ࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰࠿ ࠛࠥࡵ࡛ࠥࠔࠖࠨࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ ࠺࠵࠾ ࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠤ࠯ ࠶࠶࠼࠺ ࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰ ࠏࠣ࠵߾࠰ࡤߺ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࡦߺࠥࠓ࠰ࠌࠉ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠶ ߻࠱ߺ࠰ ࠓ࠴ ࠻ ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠛࠋࠥࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࡦߺࠥࠓ࠰ࠌࠉ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠩࠏ࠯߻࠭߻ࠪ࠮ࠕ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡄ ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤ࠲ࠏ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠛࠕ ࡦߺࠥࠓ࠰ࠌࠉ࠰ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࡄ ࠛ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ߺ࠳ࠪ࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯࠿

ࠎࠤߺ࠱߾࠰ࠓ࡮ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠛ߻࠱ࠥࠎ࠰ࠛࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࡤߺࠤ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛࠋࠥ ࠓࠩࠏ࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯࠿ ࠛ߻࠱ࠥࠎ࠰ࠛࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࡤߺࠤ ߺࠧ࠘ࠕࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯࠿ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࡄ ࠊ߾࠰ࠏࠣ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮

ࠩߺ࠱ࠤࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠛࠓࠤࠕ࠳ߺ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠋࠤ࠵ࠕ ࠊࠄ࠰࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ ࠩࡤߺߺ࠳ࠪࠐ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤࡤߺ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠊ߿࠰߻࠱ࠥࠫࡺࠀࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠱߾࠰ ࠎࠤߺ࠱߾࠰ࠓ࡮ࠖ࠳ࠎ࠰ߺࠪࠩ࠘ࠤࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮

࠘ࠊࠥࠩࠓ࠮࠘࠳ࠤ࠯࠘ࠨࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰ ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࡦߺࠥࠓ࠰ࠌࠉ࠰࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠌࠉ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯߻ࠪ࠮࠲߻߾࠰࠯ ߻࠭ࠕ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠓࠨࠕ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠎࠕࠏ࠰࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠏࠥࠧࡹࠕࠎ࠰ ࠋࠥࠎ࠰࠯࠘ࠥࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠕ࠯߿߻ࠎ࠰࠯ (Im-

migration Detention Centers ) ( IDCs ) ࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠏࠥࠧࡹ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠛ࠘ߺ࠰ ࠶࠽ ࡵ࠴߿࠰ࠩࠛࠤߺ࠰ߺࠩࠖ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠏ߾࠰ ࡦߺࠥࠓ࠰ࠌࠉ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠩࠏ࠯߻࠭ࠕࠓ࡮ࠊ࠳߾࠰ࠏࠣ࠵߾࠰߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠧࠏ࠰ࠋࠥࠎ࠰࠯࠘ࠨࠓࠪ࠮ࠩࠎࠩ࠘ࠤ

࠶࠺ ࡵ࠴߿࠰࠘ࠤ࠯ࠛࠕ࠳ࠔ࠰ߺࠩࠖ࠯ࠊ߿࠰ࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠷࠵࠵࠻ ߿ߺ࠰ࠊ߾࠰ࠒࠤࠖࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠐࠓ࠰࠯ࠀࠦ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯߻࠭߻ࠪ࠮ࠕ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠔ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠎࠤߺ࠰ ࠘ࠨࡹߺࠥࠧ

ࠩࠋࠤ߾࠰ࠌࠉ࠰ ࠹ ࠖࠛ࠲ࠏ߿࠰ࠩࠏ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰࠮ࠛ࠲ࠏ߾࠰ ࡦߺࠥࠓ࠰ࠌࠉ࠰ ࠶ ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩࠏ࠯߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠋࠥࠎ࠰࠯࠘ࠥࠓ࠰࠯߻࠭ࠩࠎ߿ࠞ࠰ ࠛ߻࠱ࠥࠎ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤࠖࠄ࠰࠯

࠘ࠨ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠛࡦߺࠥࠓ࠰ࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯߿࠳ࠤ ࠛࡶࠥࠧߺ࠰ࡵ࠴ߺ࠰߻࠭߻ࠪ࠮ࠕ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠩࠎࠤߺ࠰ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯࠘ࠨࡹߺࠥࠧ ࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯-࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠓࠤࠎࠔ࠰߿ࠏ࠰ ࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠎࠔ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰ࠖࠥࠧߺ࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠸࠷
UNHCR ࡄ ࠷࠵࠵࠽ ߿ࠤࠕ߾࠰࠯ࠛࠕ ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࠛߺ࠱ࠞ࠰࠯߿߻ࠎ࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠖ߿ࠞ࠰ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠨ

ࠏ࠱ࠓ࠰࠯ࠓ࠴࠱ ࠼࠵࠵ ࠓ࠴ ࠽࠵࠵ ࠩࠖࠤߺ࠰ ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥࠩࠎࡤߺࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠶࠵࠵ ࠩࠖࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ ߺࠩࠖ࠯࠘ࠨ߾ࠔ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠄ࠰ ߺࠥࠧࠔ࠰࠵ࠎ࠰ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠕ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰ࠏࠥࠧߺ࠰ߺࠩࠖ࠯߾ࠔ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧࠩࠊࠤ࠮

ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯߻࠱߾࠰࠯߿ࠤࠎࠤࠩ࠘ࠤࠛࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ ࠘ߺ࠰ࠄࠤࠓ࡮ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ߺࠩࠖ࠯ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯߿ࠤ߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ (Convention on the Rights of the Child ( CRC ) ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰ ࠷࠷ ࠛࠕ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ߺࠩࠖ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰߿ࠤ߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ࠏࠣ ࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ ߺࠨࠄࠦࠩࠏ࠯ࠕࠓࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ߺࠩࠖ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠊ߿࠰ࠞࠦ࠯߻࠱߾࠰࠯ࠖࠄ࠰࠯

ࠖߺ࠰߻࠭ࠛ࠘ࠥࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠫࠕࠓࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠛࡵࡘࠕࠤࠔ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥࠏࠣߺ ࠩࠎࠕࠏ࠰࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠛࠊ߾࠰࠯ࠛࡤߺࠏ࠰ࠏࠥࠧࡹࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ ࠓ࠲ࠏࠫࠕ ࠏࠣ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰ ࠷࠹ ࠊ࠳߾࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ߺࠩࠖ࠯ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ߺ࠱ࠎ࠰࠯ࠓࠤࠩࠕ࠯ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰߻࠭ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠄ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰ ࠷࠽ ࠛࠕ - ࠖࠨࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ ࠛࠩ࠲߻߻࠭ࠏࠄࠤߺࠥࠧ ࠛ߻ࠓࠪ࠮ࠓ࠘߾࠰ࠓࠩࠎࠕ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠕࠓࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰ ࠸࠼ ࠛࠕ - ߺࠩࠖ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ ࡵ࠴ࠥࠏ࠰߿ߺ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠖ࠳ࠊ࠰ࠖࠏ࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠏࠥࠊ࠰ࠏ߾࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠛࠤ࠯ࠊࠤ࠯࠲ࠓ߿࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯

ࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰ ࠹࠵ ࠛࠕ - ߺࠩࠖ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ߺࠩࠖ࠯ࠞࠏࠩࠌ࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮࠘ࠤ ࠊࠕࠤ࠯߿ࠦࠕ߾࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯

ࠋࠥࠧࠛࠏࠥࠧࠌ࠰ࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯ ࠹࠵ ࠏࠣ࠵߾࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ ߺࠩࠖ࠯ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯߿ࠤ߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠶࠾࠽࠾ ࡵࠥࠧ࠵߾࠰ࠒࠤࠖ ࠷࠵ ࠕߺ࠰ࠩࠎࡹࠊ࠳߾࠰

ߺࠧࠖ࠘ࠓ߼ࡈࠛࠊࠄ࠰࠲ࠏࠫࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠶࠾࠾࠵ ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠛ࠘ߺ࠰࠵߾࠰߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠸࠸
ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠓࠤࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

• ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠷࠵࠵࠽ ߿ߺ࠰ࠊ߾࠰ࠒࠤࠛࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠛࠋࠥ (ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯) ߺࠧࠖ࠘ࠓ߼ࡈ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤࠓ࠙ࠤࠓ߾࠰࠯ࡦߺࠦ࠯

ࡶ࠭ࠧ࠯(UNHCR)ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ߿ࠤࠕ߾࠰࠯࠘࠳߾࠰࠯ ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠨࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯ ࠹࠷࠽࠵࠵ ࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

• ࠔ߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠴ ࠸࠼࠽࠵࠵ ࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠓࠤ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠓ࠴࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠓࠤࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩ࠲ࠓࠤߺ࠰ࠒߺ࠰ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ ࠓ࠴ ࠖࠤࠩ࠘ࠤ ࡶࠥࠧ࠙߾࠰߼࠱ࠤ

࠶࠸࠻࠵࠵ ࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰࠿ ߻࠱߾࠰࠯ࠖࠨࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ ࠶࠸࠻࠵࠵࠿ ࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠓࠤࠓ࠳ࠊ࠰߿ࠖ߾࠰ ࠹࠵࠵࠵ ࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠓࠤ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠓ࠴ ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠕ߾࠰࠯࠘ࠤ࠯ࠖࠨࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯߿ࠧ

ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠏࠣ࠵߾࠰ࡤߺ࠘ࠄ࠰࠙ࠧ ࠩࠐࠤ࠰࠲ࠏࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

• ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ (࠲ࠓࠎ࠰ࠓࠤࠓ࠙ࠧࠊ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ)ࠓ࠴ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠨ ࠹࠾࠵࠵ ࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥ ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠔ߾࠰࠯ࠊࠥࠧࡹࠋࠪࠊ࠳߾࠰

࠘ࠦࠕࠥࠖߺࡊࠤࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠤ࠯ ࠷࠶࠵࠵࠿ ࠀࠥࠧࠓࠤࠖࠦࠔࠤࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠤ࠯ ࠻࠸࠵ ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠛࠦࠕࠊ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠤ࠯ ࠺࠸࠵ ࠏࠣ࠵߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡄ ࠻࠺ ࠕࠤ߻ࠥࠧ߾࠰ࡵ࠴ࠫࠎ࠰࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠛࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠘ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠸࠸ ࠕࠤ߻ࠥࠧ߾࠰ࡵ࠴ࠫࠎ࠰࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ

ࠛࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯࠘ࠓࠦ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠋࠥࠧࡹ࠲ࠏ߾࠰ ࠶࠶࠵࠵ ࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠛ࠘ߺ࠰ ࠶࠽ ࡵ࠴߿࠰ࠩࠛࠤߺ࠰ ߺࠩࠖ࠯߾ࠔ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮

ࠛࠕ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠓࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ࠩ࠘࠯࠘ࠨ ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡤߺ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠒࠔ࠰ࠖࠥࠧࠩࠎࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰ࡤߺ࠘ࠖࠪࡀ

ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰߿߻ࠎ࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࡂ ࠩࠎࠕࠤࠩࠌ࠘ࠛ࠘ࠦ࠯࠘ࠦ࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠏ࠱࠭ࡺࡵ࠴࠭ࡹࠩࠎࡤߺ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠋࠨ࠯࠘࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯߿ࠧ࠘ࠄ࠰ ߺࠖࠎ࠰࠯ ( Klang Valley ) ࠊ࠳߾࠰ࠩࠎࡤߺ࠘ࠄ࠰࠙ࠧࠀࠥࠧࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠖࠨ ࠷࠵ (࠘ࠥࠧࡹ) ࠷࠵

ࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰ࠩࠖࠤߺ࠰߿ࠧࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠩࠎࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠊࠤࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠩ߿࠱࠯ࠩࠏࠣ ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛ߻ࠎ࠰࠯߾ࠔ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࡥࠓࠥࠫࡺ ߿࠳ࠎ࠰ࡥࠓࠥࠫࡺࠐ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ߻ߺ࠰߻ߺ࠰߻ࠪ

߻ࠪࠩࠎࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠛࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯߿ࠧࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠛࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠛߺࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ࠏࠣ ࠛࠀ߾࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏࠩ߿ࠕࠎ࠰ ࠩࠀࠤߺ࠰ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࠎࠕࠤࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ߿ࠥࠧߺ࠰߻߾࠰࠯ࠎࠤ࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘

ࠖࠥࠧࠩࠎࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠛ߻࠱ࠥࠫࡺࠀࠥࠧ ࠩࠊࠤࠋࠪࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠕ࠳ߺ࠰ࠐ࠱߾࠰ࠊࠪࠋࠥࠧ࠯ࡂ ࠩࠎࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥ ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠸࠹
ࠛࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠛߺࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠛࠩ࠲߻ࠛࠩࠎ

ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠞࠏࠩࠌࠛࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠛࠕ ࠊࠕࠤ࠯࠵߾࠰ ࠕࠏ࠰ࠊࠄ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥ࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮

ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠞࠏࠩࠌࠖࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ ࠛ߻ߺ࠰ࠛ߻ࠪࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠛࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠛߺࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠕ࠴ࠥࠕࠎ࠰ ࠛ߻ߺ࠰ࠛ߻ࠪࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯߿࠳ࠤࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯߿ࠧࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠊࠕࠤ࠯࠵߾࠰

ࠋ߾࠰ࠋ߾࠰ࠩࠏࡅࠩࠏࡅ ࠛࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ߺࠥࠧ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠓࠕࠩࠏࡀ ࠛࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯߿ࠧࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠖࠨࠛࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠓࠖࠧࠏ࠰߻࠱߾࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ 3D ࠙ࠧࠩ߻ࡅ࠘ࠄ࠰࠮ ࠄ߿࠰ࠏߺ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ (Dirty)࠿

ࠛࡵࡘࠕࠤࠔ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥࠩ࠘ࠤ (Dangerous)࠿ ߻ߺ࠰߻ࠪࠩ࠘ࠤ (Dif¿culty)


culty)࠿ ࠛࠖࠧࠏ࠰࠘ࠓࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ࠘ࠤ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ߺࠥࠧ߾࠰ࡤߺࠕ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠛ߻࠱ࠥࠫࡺࠩ࠘ࠤ

ࠛࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠕ࠴߾࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠛࠤ࠯߻ߺࠥࠧ ࠛࠀࠓࠊࠎ࠰ࡵ࠴ࠥࠓ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰࠮ࠛ࠲ࠏ߾࠰ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰߻ ࠖ߿ࠤࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠩ߻ࠣ߾࠰࠯ࠏ࠭ࠧ࠲ࠐࠊ࠰ࠩࠖ࠮ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡄ ߺࠩࠖ࠯߾ࠔ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠏࠄࠤ࠘߾࠰ࡤߺࠤ࠯߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠓࠕࠊࠤࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠸࠺
ࠛ߻ࠎ࠰࠯ (࠻)
ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯࠲ࠐࠊ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠖࠧࠏ࠰߾ࠎ࠰࠯߿ࠞ࠰(RSD)

Determination of Refugee Status ( RSD ) ࠩ߻ࡅ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯࠲ࠐࠊ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰߾ࠎ࠰࠯߿ࠞ࠰࠘ࠄ࠰

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠊࠕࠤ࠯࠵߾࠰࠘ࠊ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠕࠎ࠰ ࠖࠥࠧࠛࠏ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠛࠋࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠲ࠏ࡬ࠎࠤࡄ ࠛࠊࠥࠓ࠰ࠛࠎߺ࠰ߺࠥࠧ࠘ࠥࠕࠎ࠰ ࠖࠨࠩ

ࠊ࠳ࡹࠩࠓ࠯࠲ࠓࠎ࠰࠯߿࠭ࠧ߿ࠓ࠰࠯ࠛߺࠪ࠲ࠐࠊ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠙ࠧࠀࠥࠧ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

RSD ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠛ࠘ࠥࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠫ߻࠭ࠕࠏࠣߺ ࠋࠥࠧ࠘ࠨ࠘ࠄ࠰ UNHCR ࡄ ࠛ࠘ࠥࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠫ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘࠳ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠋࠥࠧࡹࠩࠎࠤߺ࠰ UNHCR ࠛࠏࠣࠛ࠵߾࠰ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊߺࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡹࠛ߿ࠄ࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠴ ࠩࠏ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ

ࠕࠕ࠴ࠥ߻࠭߿ࠤ࠯ࠕࠓࠄ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

RSD ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠛ࠘ࠥࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠫࠩࠖࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠛࠤ߾࠰ ࠛࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠛࠋࠤ࠯ ߻ࠥࠧ߾࠰߻ࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠖ࠭ࠧࠖ࠭ࠧࠓ࠲ࠏࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠏࠣߺ

“ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰” ࠛ࠘ࠥࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠫࠖߺ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠓࠕࠊࠪ࠮ࠛ࠲ࠏ߾࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ߻࠭߿ࠤ࠯߻࠳߾࠰ ࠮ࠕ࠴ࠥࠩ࠘ࠤࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠕࠕ࠴ࠥ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠩࠏࡀ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤࠎࠄ࠰࠯ࠖࠓ࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠛ࠘ࠥࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠫࠕࠎ࠰ ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰࠮ࠎࠄ࠰࠯ ࠛࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠓࠩࠖ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࡵ࠴߿࠰߿ࠞ࠰

ࠖࠨ ࠶ ࠩ࠘ࠤ߾࠰࠯࠼ ࠩࠋࠤ߾࠰ ࠩࠖࠤߺ࠰ߺࠥࠧ RSD ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠩࠎࠕ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ RSD ߺࠥࠧ ࠷࠵࠵࠸ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠋ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠎࠄ࠰࠯߿࠭ࡵ࠴ࠫࠎ࠰࠯ ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ (Pro-

cedural Standards) ࠛࠕ ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯࠲ࠐࠊ࠰ࡤߺ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠸࠻
ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤࠖࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ -

•ࠛ߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕ࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠊࠥࠧߺ࠰ࡶࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯

UNHCR ࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠊࠥࠧߺ࠰ࡶࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯


•UNHCR

UNDP ࠓ࠴ࠊࠀ߾࠰࠮ࠩ࠘ࠤ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯
•UNDP

NGO ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠴ࠊࠀ߾࠰࠮ࠩ࠘ࠤ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯
•NGO

ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

RSD ࠊ߿࠰ࠞࠦ࠯ࠊ߿࠰ࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰߻࠱߾࠰࠯߿ࠦ (Individualized) ࠖࠧࠏ࠰߾ࠎ࠰࠯߿ࠞ࠰

•ࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠛࠖߺ࠰߿ࠧࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ (Gathering of evidence)


evidence)࠿

•ࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠛࠖߺ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠘࠭ࠧ࠯࠘ࠏ࠰߿߿࠰ࠩࠀ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ (Evaluating Evidence) ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮

•ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯࠲ࠐࠊ࠰߻࠱ߺ࠰߻࠱࠲߻߾࠰࠯ (Issuing a decision)

࠙ࠨࡂ ࠛࠍࠥߺࠛࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ (࠸) ߻ࠧ ࠏࠣ࠵߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠏࠋࠓ-
ࠏࠋࠓ ࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠛࠖߺ࠰߿ࠧࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰߾ࠎ࠰࠯߿ࠞ࠰ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ߿ࠤࠕ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠏ࠯ࠏ࠭ࠧ߿࠭࠲ࠐࠄ࠰࠮࠲߻߾࠰࠯ (Registration Form)࠿ RSD

ࠩࠓ࠯߻࠳ࠎ࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠩࠓ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ (RSD Questionnaires) ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠏࠧ߼ࡈࠥࠫࠖ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࠛࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠛࠋࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠊ߾࠰࠲ࠏ࠲߻߾࠰࠯ (Individual Documenta-

tion) ࠊࠥࠧࡹࠏࠣ࠵߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰࠮ࠛ࠲ࠏ߾࠰ ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠛࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠛࠋࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠖࠄ࠰࠯࠲ࠏࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠋࠥࠧࡹ࠲ࠏ߾࠰ ࡵ࠴ࠫࠊ࠰ࠛࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠛࠋࠤ࠯࠲ࠏࠫ࠲߻߾࠰࠯ ࠛࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠏࠣ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯࠘ࠨ ࠛࠩࠎ࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮

ࠛࠊࠥࠊ࠰ࠓ࠴ࡦߺ࠭ࠫࠩࠊ࠳ࡹࠓ࡮ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤ࠲ࠏࠕࠓࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠩࠎࠤߺ࠰ࠛ߾࠰ࠊࠤࠑ࠱ࠬ࠯߻࠭ࠕࠓࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠌࠧࠊࠥࠔ- ࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠛࠖߺ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠘࠭ࠧ࠯࠘ࠏ࠰߿߿࠰ࠩࠀ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ (Evaluating Evidence)


Evidence)ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠕࠕ࠴ࠥࠖࠤࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠛࠖߺ࠰

ࠛࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠛࠋࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࡵ࠴ࠥࠫ߾࠰࠯ࠔ࠴ࠞ࠰߻࠱ࠥࠎ࠰ࠀ ࠘࠭ࠧ࠯࠘ࠏ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠖࠥࠧࠛࠏ࠰ࠕ߾࠰ ࠛ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠛࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠛࠋࠤ࠯࠿ ࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠛࠖߺ࠰

ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠕ࠴ࠤࠩࠐ࠳࠘࠭ࠧ࠯࠘ࠏ࠰ ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠊࠊࠥࠔ- ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯࠲ࠐࠊ࠰߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࡀ

UNHCR ࠓ࠴ ࠛࠕࠤࠕ࠴ࠥߺ ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯࠲ࠐࠊ࠰߻࠱ߺ࠰߿ࠤߺࠥࠧࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠓࠄ࠰ࡀ UNHCR ࠓ࠴ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠛ࠘ࠥࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠫ

࠸࠼
ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩࠖࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠛࠤ߾࠰ ࠛࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠛࠋࠤ࠯ࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠛࠖߺ࠰࠿ ࠛࠩࠎࠛࠋࠤ࠯ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠏࠔ࠰߻࠱ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠩ࠘ࠤ࠰ ࠏࠔ࠰߻࠱߻࠭

ࠕ࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࠛࠔࠨ߻࠭ (Appeal)


(Appeal)ߺࠥࠧ ࠕߺ࠰ ࠸࠵ ࠛࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ ࠊࡦߺࠥࠓ࠰ࠊ߾࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩ࠘࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠊߺࠔ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠮ UNHCR ࡄ RSD ࠖࠧࠏ࠰߾ࠎ࠰࠯߿ࠞ࠰ࠛࠤ࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠩࠎ࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ ࠎࠤ࠯ࠖࠄ࠰ ࠘ࠩࠒࠤࠩࠏࠣߺ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠐࠥࠧࡹ

ࠓࠖ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩࠏࡀ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰߾ࠎ࠰࠯߿ࠞ࠰ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࡶ࠴ࠫࠏ࠰ࠩࠋ࠳࠯ࠩࠎࠊࠊ࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠊ߻ࠣࠊࠩࠖ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰߾ࠎ࠰࠯߿ࠞ࠰ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࡵ࠴߿࠰ࡵ࠴߿࠰

ࠎࠦ࠯ࠏࠣ࠯ࠩࠖࠤߺ࠰ࡤߺࠤࠊࠊ࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

RSD ࠖࠧࠏ࠰߾ࠎ࠰࠯߿ࠞ࠰࠲ࠏࠏ࠭ࠧ

߿ࠤࠕ߾࠰࠯࠘࠳߾࠰࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ ࠏࠋࠓࠛࡦߺࠥࠓ࠰ ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯࠲ࠐࠊ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯

ࠛࠔࠨ߻࠭ߺࠥࠧࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯࠲ࠐࠊ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯/ ࠕࠏ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰߿ࠦ߿߿࠰࠘࠭ࠧ࠯࠘ࠏ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯

ࠛࠔࠨ߻࠭߿ࠤࠩࠕ࠯ࠎࠄ࠰࠯

UNHCR ࠓ࠴ ࠘߾࠰ࡄ ࠛࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠛࠋࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠊ߾࠰࠲ࠏࠖࠤࠩ࠘ࠤࠛࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠘߾࠰࠮ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠓ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠕࠪࠩࠖࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠛࠤ߾࠰࠿

࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖ࠴࠱߾࠰ࠄ࠴߾࠰࠯ࠏࠓ࠰࠯ࡵ࠴ࠥࠏ࠰߿ߺ࠰߻࠭ࠕࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰࠙ࠧ ࠋ߾࠰࠲ࠓ߾࠰ࠔࠨࠀࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩࠖࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠛࠤ߾࠰ ࠛࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠓ߻ࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠖ࠭ࠧࠖ࠴࠱߾࠰ ࠘߾࠰࠮ߺࠥࠧ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰

ࠛ࠘ࠥࠛࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠲ࠏࠫࠖߺ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ ࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠓࠄ࠰ࠓ࠙ࠧࠊ࠰ࠏࠣࡀ ࠌࠣࠩࠏࠓࠔ࠰࠮ ࠘߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠎࠎࠪࡹ ࠕߺ࠰ ࠸࠵ ࠛࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯ ࠛࠔࠨ߻࠭ࠊ߿࠰ࡦߺࠥࠓ࠰࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠊ߾࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

• ࠘߾࠰ߺ ࠛࠒࠔ࠰ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠀࠥࠧࠕ࠘ࠄ࠰ߺࠥࠧ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠕ࠴߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠩࠕ࠯ࠕࠓࠄ࠰ࡀ

• ࠘߾࠰ࠛࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠛࠋࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠔ߻߾࠰࠘߾࠰ࠊ߾࠰࠲ࠏࠩ࠘ࠤࠛࠩࠋࠤߺ࠰ࠛࠋࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ࠏࠊ࠰࠘ࠊ࠰ࠀߺ࠰߿ࠏ࠰ ࠩࠎࠕࠓࠄ࠰ࡀ

• ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠊ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠋࠥࠧߺ࠰࠘ࠄ࠰࠮ࠛࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠛ߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠛࠩ࠲߻߻࠭ߺࠤ ࠊ߾࠰࠲ࠏ࠘߾࠰࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠸࠽
ࠛ߻ࠎ࠰࠯ (࠼)
ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰࠘ࠤ࠯ࠐ࠳ࠔ࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠛࠀࠥࠧࠛࠓࠥࠎ࠰ࡹࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

“ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠀࠥࠧ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠖࠨࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯࠿ ࠒࠤ࠘ࠤࠩࠕ࠯࠿ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠿ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠕ࠯߻࠭ࠔࠨ߻࠱ߺ࠰(࠘ࠥࠧࡹ) ࠖࠨࠓ࡮ࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡹࠛ߿ࠄ࠰࠯

ࠛࠧࠏ࠰߿ࠧࠊ߻ࠧࡄࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡹ࠵߾࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ࠊࠥࠧࡹࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠄ࠴߾࠰࠯ࠏࠓ࠰࠯ࡵ࠴ࠥࠏ࠰߿ߺ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤࠩࡤߺࠤߺ࠰ࠖ࠳ࠎ࠰࠯ࡂ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪࡺ ࠩࠎࠕࠏ࠰ࠩࠌ࠘࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠓ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ

࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠏࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠩ߻ࡅ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ”

United Nations (1945)

“࠘ࠎ࠰࠯ࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯߿࠳ࠤࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪࡺࠖࠨࡹ߼ࠧࠉ࠰࠘ࠥߺࡇࠤࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠕࠩࠕ࠯ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠀࡵ࡛ ࠕ࠴ࠥࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠛࠓ࠴ࠎ࠰ࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠩࠐࠤ࠰ࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࠕࠓࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠓ࠴࠱ࠊࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠊࠄ࠰ࠕࠓࠔ࠰ࡀ”

Alirio Uribe Aunoz

“ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠓࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠙ࠤ ࠛࠊࠥࠊ࠰ߺ ࠌࡷࠤࠕࠦࠖࠤࠩࠊ࠳ࠓ࠙ࠧࠊ࠰ࡤߺࠏࠣࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠓࠊࠥࠧࡹࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ ࠩࠊࠤࡦߺࠦ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ (࠘ࠥࠧࡹ)

ࠊࠥࠕࠥ߿ࠤࡌࠎ࠰ࡶ࠭ࠧ ࠩࠊ࠳ࠋࠪࠓ࠴ࠤࠏ࠱ߺ࠰߿ࠦ࠯ࠩࠎࡤߺࠊࠪ࠮ ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ࠏࠣࡀ ࠩࠖ࠯߿ࠤ࠯ࠓ࡮ߺࠥࠧࠖࠥࠧࠖࠤ࠯ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠕߺ࠰߿ߺ࠰ ࡤߺࠓ࠰࠯ࡤߺࠫࠊ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳࠿

ࠖࠨࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ࠕࠪࡺ ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࠓ࠙ࠧࠊ࠰ࡤߺࠏࠣࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ

Rigoberta Menchu

(Guatemala Nobel Peace Prize Winner, 1992)

“ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠎࠔ࠰ࠎࠓࠥࠊ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠊ࠳ࠕࠪࡺ ࠛ߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ࠛ࠲߻ࠤࠛࠤࠉࠤࠩࠊ࠳ࠛࠩࠏࡅ ࠏ࠱࠭ࡺࡵ࠴࠭ࡹࠖࡰࠓ࠰࠯ࠓࠥࠧ࠯

ࠕࠓࠔ࠰ࠖࠥࠧࡹ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠔ࠭ࠧࡤߺࠄ࠰ࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ”

Jose’ Ramos-Horta

President of East Timor

“ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠓ࠙ࠤࠛࡥࠓࠪࠊࠓ࠰࠯ࠛࡵࡘࠕࠤࠔ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࠎࠪࡹࡦߺ࠭ࠫࠕࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠣࠩࠏࠓࠔ࠰࠮ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠓࠓࠓ࡮ࠏࠣࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ ”

Sima Samar

࠸࠾
“ࠛࠩࠓࠕࠥߺࠎ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ߺࠥࠧ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠓࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ࠖࠤࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ߿߿࠰ࠏ࠳ࠪ࠙ࠤ ࡶࠧࠏ࠰ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤࠛࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߾࠰࠮ ߺ࠱ࠎ࠰ࠕ߿࠰ࠩࠎ߻ࠪ࠮ࠩࠏࠓࠔ࠰࠮ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠓ߿ࠥࠊ࠰

ࠋࠪࠓ࠴ࠤࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ߿߿࠰࠘ࠤ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠓߺࠥࠧࠖࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠖ࠭࠘ࠊ࠰࠲ࠐࠊ࠰ࠩࠎࠊࠧࠎ࠰࠯ࠏࠣࠒࠪࡀ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠓ࠙ࠤ ࠛࡥࠓࠪࠊࠓ࠰࠯ࠀࠤࠩࠖࠤ߾࠰ࠩࠎࠕ ࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠓࠕࠪ

ࡺࠩࡤߺࠤߺ࠰ࠕ࠳࠭ࡺࠋࠥࠊ࠰ࠖࠎ࠰ࡹࠓ࡮ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ࠓࠔ࠭ࠧࡤߺࠄ࠰ࠊߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠓ ࠓࠥࠊ࠰ࠩࠀ࠳࠘ࠨ߾ࠔ࠰߻࠱߾࠰࠯ࠛ࠘߿࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠓࠕࠩࠛࠤ߾࠰ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠎ࠘ࠖࠥࠧࠏࠣࠒࠪࡀ

ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠓߺ ࠩࠓࠤࡡࠌࠦ࠯ࠔࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾߾
࠰ ࠭ߺࠋ࠳ߺ࠰߻࠳ࠤࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ߿߿࠰ࠏ࠳ࠪࠩࠊ࠳ࡥࠏࠦ࠯࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࡥࠏࠦࠋ߾࠰߻ࠪ࠮ࠓࠥࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠣࠩࠏࠓࠔ࠰࠮ ߿߿࠰ࠏ࠳ࠪࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠏࠣ࠵߾࠰߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ ࠩߺࠤ࠿

ࠓࠩ࠘ࠓࠩࠏ࠱ࠤߺ࠰ ߺ࠱ࠎ࠰ࠕ߿࠰࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠓࠩࠊ࠳࠯ࠋ߾࠰ࠓࠥࠊࠤߺࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ߿߿࠰ࠏ࠳ࠪࠀࠥࠧࠊࠤ࠙ࠤ ࠒࠔ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠮ࠓ࠴ ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤࠓ࠙ࠧࠊ࠰ࠏࠣࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ

ࠒࠤ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠖࠥࠧࡹࠖࠪࠀࠥࠧࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠩ࠘ࠎࠊ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ߺ ࡥ߾ࠥࠓ࠰࠘ߺ࠰ࠩࠎࠖࠥࠧࡹࠏࠣࠒࠪࡀ ”

Loung Ung

“ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠛ࠘ࠦ࠯࠘ࠦ࠯ࡄ ࠊࠓࠨߺ࠳ࠪ࠲ࠏࠤ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠁࠤࠊ࠰ࠖࠓ࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ߻ࠣ࠯࠘ࠦ࠯ࠖ࠴ࠊࠪ࠮ ࠏࠧ߼ࡈࠥࠫࠖ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ ࠛࠩࠊ࠳ࡹࠛࡦߺ࠭ࠫࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

ࠕ࠴ࠥࠩࠎ߻࠱ࠥࠎ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤࠒࠪ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠙ࠤࠓࠊࠨࠄࠦࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛ߿࠳ࠓ࠰࠯࠘ࠊࡗࠥࠩࠊ࠳ࠓ࠴ ࠊࠨࠄࠦࠩ࠘ࠤ ࡦߺࠥࠫ࠯ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠓ࠴࠱ࠩ࠵ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࡤߺࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠦࠛ߿࠳ࠓ࠰࠯࠘ࠊࡗࠥ

ࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠒ࠵ࠕࠏ࠰ࠊࠄ࠰ࠐࠥࠧࡹ࠘ࠤࠓߺ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪࡺ ࠩࡤߺࠓ࠳࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠊࠪ࠮ࠒ࠵ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰ࠋࠥࠎ࠰࠯࠘ࠥࠓ࠰࠯ࠊࠄ࠰ࠩࠀࠤߺ࠰

ࠐࠥࠧࡹࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩ߿ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ”

Antonio Guterres

(U.N High Commissioner for Refugees,2005)

“ࠛ߿ࠤ࠯ࠛ߿ࠤࠩࠊ࠳ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࠏࠣ࠯ࠖࠤࠊࠪ࠮ࠛ߻ࠣ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹߺࠥࠧࠔ࠰ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰߿ࠤ࠯࠘࠭ࠧ࠯ࠐࠥࠧࡹࠎࠪࡹ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠓࠥ࠘ࠤ࠯߿ࠧࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ

ࠩߺࡣ࠳࠯ࠩࠓ࠳࠯ࠐࠥࠧࡹ߿ࠥࠊ࠰ࠏ࠱ߺ࠰ࠖߺ࠰ࠏ࠱ߺ࠰ ࠕ࠴ࠥࠖࠤࠊࠊ࠰ࡤߺࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠙ࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࠕࠪࡺ ߺ࠱ࠎ࠰࠯ࠓࠤࠩࠕ࠯࠿ ࠩࠌ࠘ࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯

ࠛࡤߺࠓ࠰࠯ࠐߺ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠿ ࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠓ࠵߾࠰ ࠛࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠖࠧࠏ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯(࠘ࠥࠧࡹ) ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰࠮ࠊࠎ࠰ࠀࠤࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ߺࠥࠧ߾࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯ ࠊࠥࠧࡹࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠛࠋࠨ࠯߿ࠥࠧ࠯ࠕࠥࠓ࠰ࠕࠓࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠣࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮

࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪࡺ ߿ࠤ࠯ࠏ࠳ࠪࠩࠏࡅߺࠥࠧ ࠛ߿ࠤ࠯ࠛ߿ࠤࠛࠖ࠭ࠧࠛࠩࠖࠤߺ࠰ࠊ߾࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࠕࠓࠔ࠰ࡀ”

Antonio Guterres

(U.N High Commissioner for Refugees,2005-)

“ࠒ࠵࠘߿࠰ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧ ߿ࠊ߾࠰ࠐࠥࠧࡹࠛࠖࠤ࠯ࠛࠖࠤࠕ࠴ࠥ࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠙ࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠊ߿࠰ࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰߻࠱߾࠰࠯߿ࠦࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧࠊࠄ࠰࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤ

࠘ࠥߺࡇࠤࠕ࠴ࠥࠊࠪ࠮ ࠩ࠲ࠐࠕ࠴߾࠰࠯߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠩࠕࠕ࠴ࠄ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠐࠕ࠴߾࠰࠯߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ”

Poul Hartling

(UN High Commissioner for Refugees, 1978-1985)

࠹࠵
“࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ ࠩࠒ࠯ߺ߾࠰࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧࡥ߻࠭ࠫࡤߺࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠌࠣࠩࠏࠓࠔ࠰࠮ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠛࠥࠓ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࠓ࠴ࠤࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠓ࠙ࠧࠊ࠰ࡤߺࠏࠣࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ

ࡥࠓࠥࠫࡺࠕ࠳ࠤࠓࠪ࠮ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡤߺࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠓࠋ߾࠰ࠊࠔ࠰ ࠛࠪ࠮ࠌࠣ࠙ࠤ ࠖࠨࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠩࠒ࠯ࠛࡵࡘࠕࠤࠔ࠰ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧࠏࠣࠒࠪࡀ”

Teri Hatcher

“࠘ࠊ࠰࠲ࠐࠊ࠰ࠄ࠴߾࠰࠯ࠏࠓ࠰࠯ࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳࠿ ࠛࡤߺࠓ࠰࠯ࠐߺ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠖࠨࠛࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠊࠥࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤ߾࠰ࠩࠎࠕࠊࠪ࠮ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ

ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠕ࠯ࠩ࠲ࠐࠕ࠴߾࠰࠯ࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠩࠊ࠳ࡹࠕࠓ࠴࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠓࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠊࠄ࠰ࡥ߾ࠥࠓ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠘ࠄ࠰࠯߻࠭ࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖࠄ࠰ࠊࠄ࠰ࠩࠀࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࠴ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠓࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠌࠣࠓ࠴࠘ࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠩࠎࠕࠏ࠰ߺࠥࠧ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠓࠛࠩࠊ࠳ࡹࠛࡦߺ࠭ࠫࠛࠕࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠩࠎࠕࠏ࠰ߺࠥࠧ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠙ࠤ

ࠌࠧߺ࠘
ࡇ ࠄ࠰ࠛࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯߿ࠧࠕࠪࡺ ࠩࠖ࠯ࠎߺ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠀࡵ࡛࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ”

Angelina Jolie

Hollywood Actress

“ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠛࠩࠕ࠯࠙ࠤ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠓࠩࠐࠤ࠰࠲ࠏࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠊࠪ࠮߿ߺࠤ࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ࠋߺ࠰ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠓࡵ࠴ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯࠘ࠤ࠯ࠎࠪࡹ߿ࠥࠊ࠰࠵ࠥࠞࠤࠞ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠏࠥࠧࠏࠥࠧࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ߻࠭߿ࠤ࠯ࠕࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ”

Angelina Jolie

“࠲ࠏࠄ࠰࠘ࠨࠖࠨࠋࠧࠩࠊ࠳ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠊࠥࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤ߾࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳ࠎࠄ࠰࠯ࠏࠣ࠯ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠩࠎࠕࠏ࠰࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߻࠱ࠥࠎ࠰ࠛࠋࠥ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠏ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠊࠪ࠮

ߺࠓࡡࠤࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧࠊࠄ࠰ࠩࠀࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠓࠊࠥࠧࡹࠎࠪࡹࠛࠊࠨ ࠏࠨ࠯ࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯ࠏࠣ࠵߾࠰ࠐࠥࠧࡹ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠓ ࠩࠀࠤ࠰ࡤ࠘߻࠱߾࠰ࠏࠣ ࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ”

Sadako Ogata

(UNHCR 1990-2000)

“ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠊࠥࠧࡹࠛࠤ࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࡵ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠕࠪࡺ ࠛ߿ࠥࠊ࠰ࠛࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠊ࠳࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡤߺࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠛࠪ࠮ࠌࠣࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮

ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯ ࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࡵ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠛࠤ࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯߿ࠤ࠯ࠐࠥࠧࡹ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࡤߺࠕࠏࠣࠓࠔ࠰ࡀ ߺ࠭ࠓࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࡤߺࠊࠪ࠮ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪࡺ ࠩࠓࠤ߾࠰ࡵ࠴ࠓ

ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ߺࠤߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ ࠩ߿ࠤ߾࠰࠮ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤߺ࠰ࠕࠏࠣࠓࠔ࠰ࡀ”

Dan O’Neill, Founder of Mercy Corps

“ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࠀࠥࠧࠊࠤ ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠏࠣࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ ࠩࠎࠕࠤࠓࠪ࠮࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ࠀࠥࠧࠊࠤ ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࡤߺࠏࠣࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠙ࠤ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪࡺ

ࠠࠄ࠰࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠏࠣࡀ ࠠࠄ࠰࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࠖࠥࠧࠒࠪ ࠀߺ࠰ࠀ࠭ࠕࠏࠣࠓࠔ࠰ࡀ ”

Mike Turner

“ ࠛࠎࠤ߼ࠣࠊ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠖࠨࡹࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠛࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠊࠥࠧࡹࠎࠪࡹࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ ߿ࠎ߿࠰ࠏ࠭ࠧࠩࠐࠤ࠰ࠐࠥࠧࡹࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ߿ࡤߺࠤ࠵ࠆࠤࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ

ࠊࠎ࠰ࠐࠥࠧ࠯߿࠭ࡵ࠴ࠫࠎ࠰࠯ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ ࠊࠥࠧ࠯࠲ࠓ࠴߾࠰࠮ࠩࠎࠕࠓࠔ࠰ࡀ ”

Mahnaz Afkhami

࠹࠶
“࠵ࠓ࠰࠯ࠎࠄ࠰࠯ࠐ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠊࠪ࠮ ࠛࠓ࠴ࠎ࠰ࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧߺࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠓࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠓ࡮ࠛࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯߿ࠧߺࠥࠧ ࠛࠀࠥࠧ࠯ࠛࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ ࠓ߻࠳ࠪ࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠊࠊ࠰ࠊࠪ࠮

ࠖࠨࠩࠊ࠳ߺ ࠖࠧࠏ࠰߻ࠪ࠮ࡤߺࠊࠤࠏࠣࠒࠪࡀ”

Hannah Arendt

“ࠩࠛࠤ߾࠰࠲ࠓ߾࠰ࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰ࡤߺࠤ࠯ࠊࠪ࠮ࠖࠨࠊ߿࠰ࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩࠛࠤ߾࠰ ࠓࡦߺࠥࠫ࠯߿ࠤ࠯ࡤߺࠏࠣࠎࠪࡹࡀ ࠊࠎ࠰ࠐࠥࠧ࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥࠊࠪ࠮ࠖࠨࠊ߿࠰ࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰

࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩࠛࠤ߾࠰ ࠘ࠤࡦߺࠥࠫ࠯߿ࠤ࠯ࡤߺࠏࠣࡀ ”

Albert Ginstein

“ߺࠓࡡࠤ࠮ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠩࠎࡹ࠙ࠤ ߺࠓࡡࠤࠊ߿࠰࠵࠴ࠓ࠰࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤࠕ࠴ࠥࠩࠎࡤߺࠊࠪ࠮ ࠘ࠎ࠰࠯ࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯߿࠳ࠤࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡄ ߺ࠭ࡤߺࠓࡢࠤ

ࠩࠊ࠳ࠎࠪࡹࠏࠊ࠰࠘ࠊ࠰ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠊࠥࠧࡹߺࠥࠧ ࠘ࠊࠥࠕࠩ߿ࠐࠥࠧࡹࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠏࠣࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛ߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠛࠖࠓ࠰࠯ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧࠖࠄ࠰ ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ”

Robert Alan

“ࠛࠊࠥࠊ࠰ࠎࠪࡹ ࠔ߻ࠧࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠛ߿࠳ࠓ࠰࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥ࠘ࡂ ࠘ࠊࡗࠥࠕ࠴ࠥࠕ࠴ࠥࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࠏࠣ࠵߾࠰ߺࠨࠄࠦࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠕ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩࠏ࠯ࡤߺࠐࠥࠧࡹ ࠊࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠊ࠳ࠎ࠰࠯ࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ”

Ko¿ Annan

(UN Secretary-General)

“ࠩࠎࠕࠤࠓࠪ࠮ࠩࠎࡤߺࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠖࠨࡹࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡹࠛ߿ࠄ࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࠊࠎ࠰ࠐࠥࠧ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ࠕ࠴ࠥࠩࠎࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪࡺࠛࠩࠕ࠯ߺࠥ߿ࡋ࠙ࠤ

ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠓࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪࡺ ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ߺࠥ߿ࡋࠏࠣࠒࠪࡀ ”

Cynthia Basinet

“ࠛࠖ࠳ࠎ࠰߻ߺ࠰߻ࠪࡤߺࠓ࠰࠯ࠊࠓ࠰࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛ࠘ߺ࠰ࠕ࠴߾࠰ࠩࠎࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠲ࠐࠊ࠰ࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰߻ࠪ࠮ࠕࠩࠏࠓࠔ࠰࠮ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤ

߼ࠧࠉ࠰࠘ࠥߺࡇࠤࠛࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡦߺࠦ࠯ ࠕ࠴ࠥࡤߺࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ ”

Jullen Clerc

“ࠏࠊ࠰࠵ࠎ࠰࠯ߺ࠱߾࠰ࠔࠥࠧࠔ࠳߾࠰࠯ࠏ࠱ߺ࠰߿ࠦ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠿ ࠖࠨࠞࠦ࠯ࠩࠕࠊࠥࠧ࠯ࠏ࠳ࠤ࠯ࠖࠤ࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠿ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠓࠨ࠯ࠔ߿࠰ࠩࠀ࠯࠵ࠣ࠯࠲ࠏ࡬ࠎࠤࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

࠿ ࠛࡤߺࠓ࠰࠯ࠐߺ࠰ࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࠕࠏ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠿ ߺࠓࡡࠤ࠮ࠕࠤࠁ࠵ࠊ࠰ࠓ࡮ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠿ ࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡹࠛ߿ࠄ࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࡄ ࠕࠤࠁ࠵ࠊ࠰ࠓ࡮ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠙ࠤ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊ߿࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠊࠄ࠰࠯ ࡄ

ࠎࠔ࠰߿ࠄ࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠲ࠐࠊ࠰ࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰ࡂ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩࠏࡅࠩࠎࠩ࠘ࠤ ߺࠓࠤࡡࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ ࠲ࠏ࡬ࠎࠤࠏ߾࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ”

Warren Christopher

࠹࠷
ࠛ߻ࠎ࠰࠯ (࠽)
ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠒ࠵ࠓ࠴ ߺࠓࡡࠤࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰ࠏࠧ߼ࡈࠥࠫࠖ࠰ࡤߺࠦ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

All expert Online ߿࠳ࠔ࠰߿࠭ࠧߺ࠱ࠓ࠰࠯ࠓ࠴ -

ࠒࠤ࠘ࠤࠩࠕ࠯

࠶ࡀ ࠛࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠀߺ࠰ࠛࠤࠔࠤࠒࠤࠎࠔ࠰ (Isaac Abravanel) - ࠕ࠙ࠨࠌࠦࠒࠧࠎ࠰࠯ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠕ࠯࠘ࠓࠤ࠯ࡦߺࠦ࠯

ࠩࠏࡅࠊࠨ߼ࠦࠓ࠴߿ࠏࠥࠎ࠰࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠷ࡀ ࠔ߻ࠧࠌࠖࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠖࠤ࠯ࠓࠤ࠯ (ࠒࠧࠎ࠰࠯ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࡦߺࠦ࠯ Tenzin Gyatso) - ࠊࡶࠧࠊ࠰ࠊࠏ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠵߾࠰ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ߺ࠱ࠬ࠯ࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤࠛ߻ࠣ

ࠊࠥࠒࠊ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠴ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯߻ࠪ࠮ࠕ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠸ࡀ ࠓࠨࠖࠤ ߻ࠖ߿࠰߻ࠣ (Mullah Krekar) - ࠛࠦࠕࠊ࠰ ߺࠤ࠮ࠌ࠰ࠛ߿ࡋࠖࠤࠓ࠰ߺ࠱ࠓ࠰࠯ࠊߺ࠰ࠏࠧ߼ࡈࠥࠫࠖ࠰ ࠩࠎࠤ࠰ࠩ࠵࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠩࠎࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠕ࠯

࠶ࡀ ࠓߺ࠰ࠌࠕ߾࠰࠯ ࠩࠛࠤ࠰ࠒࡶࠥࠧߺ࠰ (Madaleine Albright) - ࠛࠩࠓࠕࠥߺࠎ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠲߻ࠤ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯࠵ࠎ࠰ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࠩ࠙ࠤ߾࠰࠯

࠷ࡀ ࠛࠔࠎ࠰ ࠙ࠤ߿ࠦ ࠛࠖࠦ (Ayann Hirsi Ali) - ࠌࠊ࠰߻࠱࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠕ࠯࠘ࠓࠤ࠯ - ࠀࠥࠧࠓࠤࠖࠦࠔࠤࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠴ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠸ࡀ ࠓࠤ߼ࠕߺ࠰ ࠩ࠙ࠤ࠮ (Margaret Hodge) - ࡥࠑࠥࠊࠥ࠘࠴࠱ࠏࠣࠖࠦࠓࠎ࠰ࠖࡰࠊ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠛࠓࠊ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ߺࠩࠖ࠯࠘ࠨ߾ࠔ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠀࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠕࠤ࠵ࠎ࠰ ࡦߺࠦ࠯࠿

࠘ࠨࡄࠓࠥࠒࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠘ࠄ࠰ ߼࠱ࠤࠓࠉࠦࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠴ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡤߺ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠹ࡀ ࠙߾࠰ࠎࠕࠦߺ߿࠰ࠀ߾࠰࠯߼࠱ࠤ࠯ (Henry Kissinger) - ࠛࠩࠓࠕࠥߺࠎ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠕ࠯࠵ࠎ࠰ࡦߺࠦ࠯࠿ ࠶࠾࠸࠽ ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ߼࠱ࠤࠓࠉࠦࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠴

ࠛࠩࠓࠕࠥߺࠎ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠺ࡀ ࠑࠖࠤࠌࠦࠓࠤࠖࠦࠎ߾࠰ (Vladimir Lenin) - ࠔ߻߾࠰ࠀࠥࠧࠑࠦࠔߺ࠰ࠩ߻ࠣ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࡦߺࠦ࠯࠿ ࠀ࠳߿࠰߿ࠖࠎ࠰࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯߻ࠪ࠮ࠩ࠘ࠤ

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠊ߿࠰ࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠻ࡀ ߺࠤ࠯ࠖ࠰ࠓߺ࠰ (Karl Marx) - ࠛࠩࠊ࠳࠯ࠛࠩ߻ࡅࠏࠄࠤࠕ࠴߾࠰ࡦߺࠦ࠯࠿ ߼࠱ࠤࠓࠉࠦࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠊ߿࠰ࠞࠦ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠼ࡀ ࠖࠦࠔ࠳ࠎ࠰ ࠋࠩࠕࠤ࠮߿ߺࠦ࠯ (Leon Trotsky) - ࠓߺ࠰߿࠰࠵ࠣࠌࠦ࠘ࠓࠤ࠯࠿ ࠔ߻߾࠰ࠀࠥࠧ ࠑࠦࠔߺ࠰ࠩࠏࡅࠖ߿࠰ࠑ࠱ࠬࡶࠥࠧࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡹࠩ߻ࠣ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ ࠊ߿࠰ࠞࠦ࠯ࡀ


࠹࠷
ࠌ࡬ࠎࠏࠄࠤࠕ࠴߾࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠿ ߿ࠥࠊ࠰ࠏࠄࠤࠕ࠴߾࠰ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯
ࠓ࠱ࠤ

࠶ࡀ ࠀ߾࠰߼ࠓࠎ࠰ࠐࡶࠥࠧߺ࠰ (Sigmund Freud) - ߿ࠥࠊ࠰ࠏࠄࠤࠕ࠴߾࠰ࡦߺࠦ࠯࠿ ࡤ࠘߿ࡦࠊࠦ࠯ࠔࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠎࠤࠁࠦࠩࠊ࠳࠵߾࠰ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤࠛ߻ࠣ

ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯߻ࠪ࠮ࠕ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠘ࠨࡄ ߿ࠥࠊ࠰߻࠳ࠪࠏࠄࠤ (Psychoanalysis) ࠓ࠴ࠤ ߿ࠥࠊ࠰ࠏࠄࠤࠕࠏ࠰ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠛࠖ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠏࠣ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠷ࡀ ߺࠤ࠯ࠩࠏࠣ࠮ࠏࠣ࠯ (Karl Popper) - ࠌ࡬ࠎࠏࠄࠤࠕ࠴߾࠰ࡦߺࠦ࠯࠿ ࡤ࠘߿ࡦࠊࠦ࠯ࠔࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠴ ࠎࠔࠨ࠯ࠁࠦࠖࠎ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠊࠥࠓ࠰࠯ ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤ߾࠰߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠘ࠥࠏ࡞࠭ࠏࠄࠤࠕ࠴߾࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

࠶ࡀ ࠓߺ࠰(߿࠰) ࠒ࠳ࠎ࠰࠯ (Max Born) - ࡶࠨࠏࠩࠑࠌࡵࠥࠧࠑࠔ࠰ࠀࠧࠕ࠴߾࠰࠿ ߼࠱ࠤࠓࠎ࠰߼࠱ࠬ࠯ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠷ࡀ ࠛࠪࠒࠊ࠰ࠛࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯߿ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ (Albert Einstein) - ࠘ࠥࠏ࡞࠭ࠏࠄࠤࠕ࠴߾࠰ࡦߺࠦ࠯࠿ ࠎࠤࠁࠦ߼࠱ࠤࠓࠎ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯߻ࠪ࠮ࠕ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠸ࡀ ࠒࠤ࠯ࠎࠊ࠰ߺࠤ࠮ࠊ࠰ (Bernard Katz) - ࡵࠥࠧࠑࠔ࠰ࠀࠧࠕ࠴߾࠰ ࠁࠦ࠵ࠩࠑࠌࠏࠄࠤࠕ࠴߾࠰ࡦߺࠦ࠯࠿ ߼࠱ࠤࠓࠎ࠰߼࠱ࠬ࠯ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠛࠤ࠯ߺ߿ࠤ࠯࠘ࠓࠤ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

࠶ࡀ ࠛࠖߺ࠰ࠁࡵ࡛ࠣ࠯ ࠛࠪࠖ࠰߻ࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ (Alexander Alekhine) - ߺࠓࡡࠤ࠮߿߿࠰ࠊࠧࠕ߾࠰߻࠱ࠎ࠰ࠏࠦࠔ࠭࠿ ߺ࠳ࠎ࠰࠲ࠓࠬࠎ߿࠰ࡶࠧࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠴

࠲ࠏ߾࠰࠘߿࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠕࡰࡺ߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠷ࡀ ߼࠱ࠪࠖ࠰ࠖࠦࠎࠤ ࠌࠥࠧߺ߿࠰ (Jelena Dokic) - ࠊ߾࠰࠯ࠎ߿࠰߻࠱ࠎ࠰ࠏࠦࠔ࠭࠿ ࠀࠤ࠯ࠑࠦ࠯ࠔࠤ࠯ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰

࠸ࡀ ࠓࠤࠕࠦࠔࠥࠧ߿ࠊࠎ࠰࠯ࠎ߿࠰ (Mario Stanic) - ࠔ߻߾࠰߻࠱ࠪࠖ࠰ࠀࠦ࠯ࠩࠒࠤߺ߿ࠤ࠯࠘ࠓࠤ࠯ࠩ࠙ࠤ߾࠰࠯࠿ ࠩࠒࠤ߿ࠎࠦ࠯ࠔࠤ࠯߿߿࠰ࠏ࠳ࠪࠛࠊ࠳߾࠰࠯

ߺࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠹ࡀ ߻ࠕ߿ࡋࠊࠥࠧࠐࠤ࠵ߺ࠰߻࠱࠰ (Christopher Werh) - ࠔ߻߾࠰ࠛࠤࠀ߾࠰ࠎࠔ࠰ ࠩࠒࠤࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ߺ߿ࠤ࠯࠘ࠓࠤ࠯࠿ ࠖࠑࠔ࠰ࠕࠦࠔࠓ࠰ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠹࠸
ࠌࠦࠁࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠎࠤࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

࠶ࡀ ࠕߺ࠰߻࠱ߺ࠰(߿࠰) ࠩࠕࠤ࠰߼࠱ࠤ (Richard Rogers) - ࠑࠥ࠘ࠧߺࠤࡵ࠴߾࠰ ࠮ࠌࠦࠁࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠏࠄࠤࠕ࠴߾࠰ࡦߺࠦ࠯࠿ ࠘ࠨࡄࠓࠥ߻߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠋࠕࠦ

(Trieste) ࠓ࠴ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠊ߿࠰ࠞࠦ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠷ࡀ ࠌࠔ࠰ࠎࠦࠕࠔ࠰ࠓࠤࠩࠕࠤ࠮ (Daniel Marot) – Hampton Court ࠎࠎ࠰࠯ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ߺࠥࠧ ࠌࠦࠁࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠀ࠳ࠪ߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠨ࠿ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠊ߿࠰ࠞࠦ࠯ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠸ࡀ ࠩࠖࠤ࠮ࠩࠓࠤ࠮ࠕ߿࠰ࠀ߻࠱ࠥ ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ߻࠱ࠤࠖ࠰ࠀ߻࠱ࠥ (Lord Maurice Saatchi & Charles Saatchi) - ࠩࡤߺࠤ࠰࠲߾ࠤࠖࠧࠏ࠰߾ࠎ࠰࠯ࠊࠄ࠰ ࠩࠋࠤ߾࠰࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠿

࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࡄ ࠐ߻߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ ߼࠱ࠬ࠯ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠊ߿࠰ࠞࠦ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠹ࡀ ࠖࠨ߿ࠦࠔࠓ࠰ࠐࠕ࠳ࠊ࠰ (Lucien Freud) - ࠖࠨ࠘ࠥࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࡥࠑࠥࠊࠥ࠘࠴࠱ࠏࠎ࠰࠯߻࠱ࠦࠏࠄࠤࠕ࠴߾࠰࠿ ࠘ࠨࡄࠐ߻߾࠰࠘ࠄ࠰

߼࠱ࠤࠓࠎ࠰߼࠱ࠬ࠯ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠊ߿࠰ࠞࠦ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

߿ࠦ࠯ࠏ࠳ࠤ࠯ࠩࠕ࠯ࠖࠧࠏ࠰߾ࠎ࠰࠯ࠕ࠴߾࠰ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

࠶ࡀ ࠓࠥࠧߺ࠰ߺࠔ࠰ࠓߺ࠰(߿࠰) (Michael Mark) - ߺࠓࡡࠤࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰ Marks and Spencer ࡄ ࠊࠄ࠰ࠩࠋࠤ߾࠰࠘ࠨࠊ߿࠰ࠞࠦ࠯࠿

࠘ࠨ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࡶࠧࠕ࠴ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠊ߿࠰ࠞࠦ࠯ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠷ࡀ ࠓࡵࠨࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠓࠌࠣࠎࠦ - ࠘ࠨ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠔࠧ߼ࡵ࡜ࠤࠓ࠴ ࠛࠤࠉࠤࠕ࠴߾࠰ ࠛࠦࠌࠦࠛࠤࠓ߾࠰ (Idi Amin) ࡄ ࠩࠓࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠋࠧࠊ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯߻࠭߻ࠪ࠮ࠕ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠸ࡀ ࠀ߾࠰ࠓࠎ࠰ࠋࠎ࠰ (Sieng Van Trang) - ࠏࠄࠤࠩࠕ࠯࠵ߺ࠰ࠀࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠌ࠰ࠊࠄ࠰ࠩࠋࠤ߾࠰࠘ࠨ࠿ ࠘ࠨ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠑࠦࠔߺ࠰ࠎࠓ࠰ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠊ߿࠰ࠞࠦ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠹ࡀ ࠀࠤ߼ࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ ࠩ࠙ࠤࠒࠖ࠳ࠎ࠰ (Sir John Houblon) - ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓࠥ࠘ࠤ࠯߿ࠧࡄ ࠩ࠲ࠓ࠯ߺࠩࠖ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰߻ࠪ࠮ࠕ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠘ࠨ࠘ࠄ࠰

ࠛ߼ࡊࠖࠎ࠰ࠒࠉ࠰ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࡄ ࠏࠋࠓࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠛࠧࠏ࠰߻࠱ࠫࠏ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࠓ࠴ࠬ࠯ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠹࠹
ࠐߺ࠰ࠕ࠴߾࠰ࠌࠦࠁࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠏࠄࠤࠕ࠴߾࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

࠶ࡀ ࠛࠖߺ࠰(߻࠰)࠵ࠦ(߻࠰) (Alek Wek) - ࠋࠥࠏ࠰ࠊࠎ࠰࠯ࠩࠓࠤ࠰ࠌࠔ࠰ࠓࠩࠖ࠯࠿ ࠘ࠨࠓ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓࠥ࠘ࠤ࠯߿ࠧࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ࠛࠊࠨ ࠀࠨࠌࠎ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠓ࠴ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠷ࡀ ࠖࠨ࠵ࠦࠌࠦࠊࠦ߿ࠦࠔࠤ (Tessier) - ࠩߺ࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠓ࠱ߺ࠰ࠕࠊࠎࠤࠖࠧࠏ࠰߾ࠎ࠰࠯ࠊࠄ࠰ࠩࠋࠤ߾࠰࠘ࠨࠊ߿࠰ࠞࠦ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠘ࠨࡄࠓࠥ࠘ࠤ࠯߿ࠧ

࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰߻ࠪ࠮ࡤߺ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

߼ࠦࠊࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ࠛߺࠋࠨ࠯߻ࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰࠘ࠨࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯

࠶ࡀ ࠩࠎࠤࠒࠊ࠰ࠒࠕࠎ࠰ࠎࠎ࠰ (Norbert Branin) - ࡤ࠘߿ࡦࠊࠦ࠯ࠔࠤ࠯-߼࠱ࠬ࠯ ࠊࠩࠔࠤࠏࠄࠤࠕ࠴߾࠰

࠷ࡀ ߼࠱ߺ࠰߿ࠊ߾࠰࠯ࠐࠕ߿࠰(߻࠱࠰)ࠓࠎ࠰࠯ (Justine Frischmann) – Glastica ࠛࠐ࠳ࠪࡹࡄ ࠞࠦ࠯ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠛࠀࠥࠧࠩࠊࠤ࠰࠿ ࠘ࠨࡄࠐ߻߾࠰ࠓ࠴ࠤ

࠙ࠎ࠰ࠩ߼ࠕࠦࠔࠎ࠰ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠊ߿࠰ࠞࠦ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠸ࡀ ࠩࠛࠤ࠰ࠖࠦࠑࠦࠔࠤࠎࠔࠨࠊࠎ࠰-߼ࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ (Olivia Newton-John) - ࠛࠀࠥࠧࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ࡶࠧࠏ࠰ࠕ࠴߾࠰ࠓ߾࠰࠯࠘ࠓࠦ࠯ࡀ

TV ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ FILM

࠶ࡀ ࠛࠥࠧࠓ߿࠰ࠌࠣࠖࠦࠖࠦ (Omid Djalili) - ࡶࠧࠏ࠰ࠕ࠴߾࠰࠘ࡶࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮࠙ࠤ࠘ࠓ߾࠰࠯࠘ࠤ࠯

࠷ࡀ ࠒ߾࠰ࠛࠪࠖ࠰ࠊࠎ࠰ (Ben Elton) - ࠙ࠤ࠘࠘ࡶࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰࠿ ߻࠱ߺ࠰ߺࠥࠧ߿ࠖࠥࠧࠑߺ࠰ߺࠦ࠯ࠔࠤ࠯ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠓࠥ࠘ࠤ࠯߿ࠧ࠵߾࠰ࠊ߿࠰ࠞࠦ࠯ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠸ࡀ ࠒࠦࠖࠦ࠵ࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠌࠣ (Billy Wilder) - ࡶࠧࠏ࠰ࠕ࠴߾࠰ࠌࠣࡶࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠊࠤࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ ߿ࠤࠩࠕ࠯ࠀࠕࠤ࠿ ߼࠱ࠬ࠯ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠹࠺
߿ࠤࠩࠏ

࠶ࡀ ࠛࠦࠀࠤࠒࠪࠖ࠰ࠛࠤࠔࠎ࠰ࠩࠌ࠯ - ࠘ࠨࠓ࠘ࠄ࠰ “ The House of Spirits ” ߿ࠤࠛࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯࠘ࠨ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠘ࠨࠓࠐ߻߾࠰ࡄ ࠄࠦࠛ߿࠰ߺࠥࠧ࠵ࠓ࠰࠯ߺ࠳ࠪ

߻࠱ࠦࠖࠦ࠘ࠓࡢࠊࡦߺࠦ࠯ Salvador Allende ࠩ࠘ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ࠩࠎࠤߺ࠰ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ ࠛ࠘ߺ࠰ࠛࡵࡘࠕࠤࠔ࠰ࡥ߻ࠥࠓ࠰࠯ࠩ࠲߻ࠤߺ࠰߻࠭߻ࠪ࠮ ࠕࡂ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠷ࡀ ࠛࠪࠖ࠰ࠩࠖ࠮ߺࠎ࠰ࠊࠥ (Elias Canetti) - ࠒࠔ࠰ࠖ࠰߼࠱ࠦࠔ࠭ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠊ߿࠰ࠞࠦ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠶࠾࠽࠶ ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ߿ࠤࠩࠏࡵࠥࠧࠑࠔ࠰ࠀࠧࠕ ࠕ࠴ࠥ߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠸ࡀ ߼࠱ࠥࠫ࠯ࠁߺ࠰ ߺ࠳ࠎ࠰࠯ࠕߺ࠰ (Joseph Conrad) – “ Heart of Darkness ” ߿ࠤࠛࠧࠏ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯࠘ࠨ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠹ࡀ ࠩ࠘ࠤࠓߺ࠰߿࠰ ࠓࠎ࠰࠯ (Thomas Mann) - ߺࠓࡡࠤࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰߿ࠤࠩࠕ࠯ࠀࠕࠤࡦߺࠦ࠯࠿ ࠀ࠳߿࠰߿ࠖࠎ࠰࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠋ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯ࠊࠥࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠕ࠴ࠤ߾࠰߻ࠪ࠮ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠩࠎࠤߺ࠰ࠏࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯

ࠛࠩࠓࠕࠥߺࠎ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭࠘ࠥࠧࡹࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠶࠾࠷࠾ ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ߿ࠤࠩࠏࡵࠥࠧࠑࠔ࠰ࠀࠧ ࠕ߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠺ࡀ ࠑ߿࠰ࠊࠤ࠙ࠨࡶࠥࠧ (Victor Hugo) - ߺࠓࡡࠤࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰߿ࠤࠩࠕ࠯ࠀࠕࠤࡦߺࠦ࠯࠿ ࠘ࠨࡄࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠕ࠯ࠔ࠭ࠧࡤߺࠄ࠰߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰࠮ ࠲ࠏ߾࠰࠘߿࠰

࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠓ࠴ ࠛࡦߺࠥࠓ࠰ࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯߿࠳ࠤ ࡵ࠴߾࠰ࠋࠧࠊ࠰߻࠭߻ࠪ࠮ࠕ࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠻ࡀ ࠕࠦ߼ࠥࠧࠒߺ࠰ࠊࠤࠓࠎ࠰ࠩ߻࠱ࠤ߾࠰ - ߿ࠤࠩࠕ࠯ࠀࠕࠤࠓ࠿ ߼࠳ࠣࠊࠦࠓࠤࠖࠤ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠊ߿࠰ࠞࠦ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠶࠾࠾࠷ ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ߿ࠤࠩࠏࡵࠥࠧࠑࠔ࠰ ࠀࠧࠕࠕ࠴ࠥ߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠼ࡀ ࠕࠦࠎࠤࠌࠥࠧࠛࠕࠦࠎࠤ - ߺ࠱ࠬ࠯ࠒࠤ࠯࠵ࠊ࡙ࠫࠩࠕ࠯ࠀࠕࠤ࠿ ߺ࠱ࠬ࠯ࠒࠤ࠯ࠛࠤࠉࠤࠕ࠴߾࠰ߺߺ࠰߿ࠋࡶࠥࠧߺࠥࠧࠀࠎ࠰ࡹߺ࠱߾࠰ࡂ ࡵ࠴߿࠰ࠛࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࡤߺࠤ ࠄ࠴߾࠰࠯

ࠏࠓ࠰࠯ࠓ࡮߻࠭ࠕࡥࠏࠦ࠯ࠩࠎࠤߺ࠰ ࠛࠩࠓࠕࠥߺࠎ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࡁ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰߻ࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠭ࠫ߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠘ࠨࡄߺࠥࠧࠔ࠰ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ࠛࠊ࡙ࠫࠏ࡞ࠊࡗࠥ߿ࠤࠛࠧࠏ࠰ (Before Night Falls) ߿ࠤࠛࠧࠏ࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠎࠔࠨ࠯ࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰߿࠰ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ (New Yorks Times)

ࡄ ࠶࠾࠾࠸ ࠛࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯߿ࠤ ࠛࠧࠏ࠰ ࠶࠵ ࠛࠧࠏ࠰߿ࠤࠕ߾࠰࠯ࠊ࠳߾࠰ࠏࠣ࠵߾࠰߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠷࠵࠵࠵ ߻ࠧࡵ࠴߿࠰ࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࡶࠧࠏ࠰ࠕ࠴߾࠰ࠛ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡶࠥࠧߺ࠰ߺࠨ࠯߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠽ࡀ ࠩࠖࠤ߾࠰ࠛ࠳ࠎ࠰ (Loung Ung) - ߺࠩࠓࡡࠤࠌࠦ࠯ࠔࠤ࠯ ࠖࠨ࠘ࠊ࠰ߺ࠳߾࠰࠯ࠋࠪࠊ࠳߾࠰ ࠓࠩ࠘ࠓࠩࠏ࠱ࠤߺ࠰ߺ࠱ࠎ࠰߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠨࠊ߿࠰ࠞࠦ࠯ ࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠘ࠨ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠌࠧ

ߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛࠩࠕ࠯ࠊߺ࠰ࡤߺ࠳ࠖ࠴ࠫࠏ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠤ࠯࠘ࠨࠊ߿࠰ࠞࠦ࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ߿ࠤࠩࠕ࠯ࠀࠕࠤࠓࠖࠄ࠰࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ ࠘ࠨࠓ࠘ࠄ࠰ “ First They Killed My Father ”

߿ࠤࠛࠧࠏ࠰ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠮ “ Lucky Child ” ߿ࠤࠛࠧࠏ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠩࠕ࠯߻ࠪ࠮࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

ࠛ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰࠮ࠛ߿࠭ࠧࠐࠊ࠰ࠖࠥࠧࠖ࠴࠱߾࠰ http://en.allexperts.com/e/l/li/list_of_famous_refugees.htm

࠹࠻
ࠛ߻ࠎ࠰࠯ (࠾)
ߺࠓࠤࡡࠩߺ࠱ࠤ࠰ ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ߺࠑ࠱ࠤࠊࠏࠧࠌ࠰

ࠌࠧߺࡇ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠊࠓ࠰࠯߻࠱߾࠰࠯

࠘ࠄ࠰࠲ࠓࠥࠫࡺࠩࠖ࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠖࠨࠀࠔ࠰࠘ࠎ࠰࠯ࠕ࠴ࠥࠊࠔ࠰ ࠀࠥࠧࠏࠣ߿ࠥࠧࡹࡀ

ࠛ߻࠱ࠥࠫࡹࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠛࠥࠓ࠰ࡤߺࠦ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ࠎࡹࠪ ࠩࠎ ࠩࠎࠕࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠛ߻࠱ࠥࠫࡺࠕࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠊࠤࡤߺࠦ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ࠋࠪࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠩࠎࠩࠎࠕࠊࠔ࠰࠿

ࠌࠣࠩࠏࠓࠔ࠰࠮

ࠌࠥࠧࡹࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠩࠎࠕࠤࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠒࠨ࠯ߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠛ߻࠱߿࠰ࠩࠕ…….ࠌࠥࠧࡹࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠊࠩࠎࠕࠤࠩࠖ࠯ࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠩ࠘࠯ࠏࠣࠒࠨ࠯ߺ࠳ࠔ࠰…….

࠙ࠥࠧࠛ߻࠱ࠥࠎ࠰ߺࠀࠥࠧ

߾ࠣࠊࠥࠧࡹࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠊࠧࠥ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧࠕ࠴ࠥ߻ࠪ࠮ࠊࠔ࠰

࠘ࠤࠔࠤࠓࠔ࠰ࠖࠥࠧࡹࠒࠪ ࠋ߾࠰߻ࠪ࠮ࠓࠥࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰

ߺࠓࡡࠤࠩ࠲ࠓࠏ࠭ࠧߺࠥࠧࡤߺࠄ࠰࠮ࠖࠥࠧߺ࠰߿ࠓ࠰࠯ࠏࠣ

ࠛࠪࠌࠦࠩࠎࠕࠤࠩࠖ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠓ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ࡹࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠓࠔ࠰………..

ࠔ߻ࠧࠓ࠴ࠤࠩࠊࠤ࠮

ࠌࠥࠧࡹࠊࠩࠊ࠳ ࠛࠪࠌࠦࠩࠎࠕࠤࠀࠦߺࠥࠧ ࠓ࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠮ࠒࠨ࠯ ࠛ߻࠱߿࠰ࠕࠔ࠰ ࡀ

ࠌࠥࠧࡺࠕ࠳ࠤ ࠘߻࠱ࠥࠫ߾࠰࠯࠵߾࠰࠯ࠋࠪߺ ࠔࠨ࠯ (yew) ࠏ߾࠰ࡤߺࠦ࠯߻ࠓ࠱ࠤ

ࠩࡵ࠳ࠞࠦ࠯ࠩࠕࠤߺ࠰ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯

ࠕ࠳ߺ࠰࠘߿࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ࠎࠪࡹ ࠏ࠳߾࠰࠮ࠩ࠵ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࡤߺࠩࠏࠣ࠮ߺ࠳ࠔ࠰

ࠌࠥࠧࡹࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠕࠪ࠮ ࠏࠊ࠰ (߿࠰) ࠏࠥࠧࡹ (߿࠰) ࠩ࠙ࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠊ࠳߻ࠓ࠱ࠤ

ࠛࠪࠌࠦࠖࠥࠧ ࠓࠖࠧࠏ࠰ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠒࠨ࠯ߺ࠳ࠔ࠰

ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰߿߿࠰࠵ࠎ࠰ߺ ߿ࠤ࠯ࠏ࠳ࠪߺࠥࠧ

࠘ࠨࡹࠖߺ࠰ࠎࠪࡹ ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰࠮࠲ࠏࠦ࠯ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤࠊࠔ࠰

߻߾࠰ࠑ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠊࠥࠧࡹ ࠏࠊ࠰(߿࠰)ࠏࠥࠧࡹ ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠕ߾࠰࠰

߻߾࠰ࠑ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠙ࠤ ࠊࠕࠤ࠯࠵߾࠰ࠩ࠘ࠀ࠭ࠧ࠯࠘࠳ࠤ࠯࠲ࠏࠦ ࠊࡺࠪ

ࠌࠣࠩࠏࠓࠔ࠰࠮ ࠌࠥࠧࡹࠊࠩࠊ࠳ ࠛ࠘ߺ࠰ࠕ࠴߾࠰ࠩࠎࠊࠧࠎ࠰࠯ࠏࠣࠏࠪ

ࠛ߻࠱߿࠰ࠕࠔ࠰….

ࠌࠥࠧࡹࠊࠩࠊ࠳࠙ࠤࠛ࠘ߺ࠰ࠕ࠴߾࠰ࠩࠎࠀࠪࠏࠣߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࡀ

࠹࠼
ࠩߺࠤ࠰ࠓࠊࠦ ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧࠀࠦ࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠩࠊࠤ࠮

࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹߺ ߾ࠣ࠮ߺࠥࠧ ࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰߻࠭ࠧࠊ߿࠰ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠩࠏ࠯ࠊࠔ࠰

ࠩࠎࠤߺ࠰ࡵ࠴߿࠰ߺ࠱ࠓ࠴ ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࠖࠤࠏࠣࠖࠥࠧࡹ

ࠔࠞ࠰ࠩߺ࠱࠯߿࠳ࠤ ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤ߻ࠪ࠮ࠊࠔ࠰

ࠌࠣࠩࠏࠓࠔ࠰࠮ ߾ࠣࠒࠔ࠰࠘ࠨࡹࠀࠦ࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠕࠓ࠴ࠤࠖࠪ

ࠛ߻࠱߿࠰ࠕࠔ࠰….

߾ࠣࠊࠥࠧࡹࠩࠊ࠳ ࠒࠔ࠰ࠩࠎࠕࠤ࠘࠳ࠤ࠯߻ࠥࠧࠕࠓ࠴ࠤࠖࠪࡀ

ࠖࠨࠋࠧࠛ߿ࠄ࠰࠯ࠛࠩ࠵࠯ ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧࠀࠦ࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠩࠊࠤ࠮

ࠩ࠙ࠤࠩ࠲ࠏࠤ࠘ࠨߺ ࠋࠕࠏ࠰࠲ࠏࠦ࠯ ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤࠩࠎࠊࠤߺࠩࠊࠤ࠮

߾ࠣࠊࠥࠧࡹߺ ࠘ࠨࠊࠊࠧࠥࡹߺࠥࠧ࠵߾࠰߻࠳߾࠰࠮࠲ࠏࠫࠖࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠕ߾࠰

࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹߺ ߾ࠣࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪ࠮ ࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰ࠓࠧࠎ࠰ࡹࠩࠊ࠳

ࠖࠧࠔࠨ࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠖࠥࠓ࠰࠮ࠓࠔ࠰ࠊࠪ࠮

ࠛ߻࠱߿࠰ࠕࠔ࠰….

࠘ࠨࠩ࠲ࠏࠤࠩࠎࠊࠤ ࠓ߾࠰࠯ࠎࠪࡹ߾ࠣ࠮ߺࠥࠧߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠌ߾࠰࠯ࠊࠥࠧࡹࠊࠩࠊ࠳ ࠓࠧࠌ࠰߻࠱ࠩ࠘ࠕࠓࠔ࠰ࠊࠪ࠮

ࠞࠩࠕࠤࠏࠊࠖ࠳ࠤ࠯ ࠛࠤࠉࠤࠕ࠴߾࠰ࡤߺࠦ࠯ (࠙߿࠰ࠊࠖࠤ)

ࡤߺ࠭ࠫ࠯࠵ࠣ࠯ࠩࠎࠏ࠭ࠧࠓ࠴ࠤ

߾ࠣ࠮ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠓࠥࠧ࠯ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ߺ߾࠰ࠋࠪߺ

ࠓࠥࠧ࠯߻࠱ࠫࠎ࠰࠯࠘࠭ ࠖࠧࠥࠒࠪߺ࠳ࠔ࠰

࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪ࠮ ߿ࠥࠊ࠰ࠋࠪࠓ࠴ࠤ ߾ࠣࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕ࠴ࠥࠩࠎࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠛ߻࠱߿࠰ࠕࠔ࠰….

࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕࠪ࠮ ߿ࠥࠊ࠰ࠋࠪࠓ࠴ࠤ ߾ࠣࠊࠥࠧࡹࠕ࠴ࠥࠩࠎࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠏ߾࠰ࠛࠏ࠰ࠎࠪࡹࠊ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯ࠊࠪ࠮ ߼࠱ࠤߺ߾࠰ࠛߺ࠱ࠦ ࡊ ࠵ࠊ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯ࠊࠪ࠮

ࠛࠩࠓࡰ߿ࠧࠏ࠰ࠐ࠳ࠤ࠯ ࠩ߻࠳࠯ࠊ߿࠰ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰ߺࠥࠧ࠲ࠓ߾࠰߻ࠪ࠮ࠕࠊࠔ࠰

ࠊ࠭߻ࠣ࠯ࠊ߿࠰߻࠱ࠏ࠰ࠐ࠳߾࠰࠮࠲ࠏࠦ࠯ ࠩࡤߺࠤ߾࠰ߺࠩࠖ࠯ࠩࠊ߿࠰ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰

࠵߾࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏ࠯࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠊࠤࠖࠄ࠰࠯࠲ࠓ߾࠰߻ࠪ࠮ࠕࠊࠔ࠰

ࠌࠣࠩࠏࠓࠔ࠰࠮ ࠘ࠨࠊࠧࠥࡹ࠙ࠤ

࠘ࠤࠓࠎ࠰ࠖࠨࠩࠊ࠳ ࠓ࠙ࠧࠊ࠰ࡤߺࠒࠨ࠯

࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠙ࠤ ߼࠱ࠤࠓࠤࠎ࠰ ߼࠱ࠬ࠯ࠖࠨࠩࠊ࠳ࠓ࠙ࠧࠊ࠰ࡤߺࠒࠨ࠯

࠹࠽
࠘ࠩࠒࡊࠤࠀࠥࠏ࠰ߺ ࠀࠥࠏ࠰ߺࠓ࠰࠯ࠊ࠭ࠊࠤ࠯ࠓ࠴ࠤ

߾ࠣ ࠕࠏ࠰ࠊࠪࡺࠛ߻ࠣ ߾ࠣ࠯ߺࠩࠖ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳

ࠖ࠳ࠊ࠰ࠖࠏ࠰߿࠳ࠤ ߺࠨ࠯߻ࠊ࠰ࠩࠎࠊࠤߺࠥࠧ ࠲ࠓ߾࠰߻ࠪ࠮ࠕࠊࠔ࠰

ࠀࠔ࠰ࠩࠏࠩࠖࠤߺ࠰ࠒࠪ ߺ࠳ࠤࠩࠗ࠯ࠊࠔ࠰ ࠛ߻࠱߿࠰ࠕࠔ࠰..

࠘߿࠰ࠩࠊࠤࠩࠖ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ

࠲ࠐࠊ࠰ࠩࠖ࠴࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠊࠪ࠮ࠛ߻ࠣ

࠘߿࠰ࠏ߾࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ࠋߺ࠰ ߾࠴ߺ࠰ߺࠩࠖ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳

ࠩࠏ࠱ࠤ࠰࠲ࠓࠬ࠯ ࠖ࠳ࠊ࠰ࠖࠏ࠰ࠩࠎࡤߺࠊࠔ࠰

࠘ࠨࠊࠥࠧࡹࠓ࠴ࠤ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠕ࠯࠘ࠓࠤ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࡤߺࠒࠨ࠯ߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠛࠥࠓ࠰ࠓߺ࠰ࠋࠪࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠛࠋࠏ࠰ࠩࠏࠣ߾࠰࠯ࠊ߿࠰ࠩࠋࠤ߾࠰

࠲ࠏࠊ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠏࠣߺ࠰ࠊ߿࠰ࠩࠋࠤ߾࠰࠿ ࠊ࠭߻ࠣ࠯ࠩࠏࠣߺ࠰ࠊ߿࠰ࠩࠋࠤ߾࠰

࠼࠴ࠥࠋࠪ࠮ ࠛࠩࠀࠤߺ࠰ࠛࠞࠦ࠯ࡤߺࠦࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧߺࠥࠧ ߾ࠣࠩࠊ࠳ࡹ߻ࠪ࠮ࠊࠔ࠰

ࠊ߿࠰߻ࠧࠓ࠴ ߾ࠣࠊࠥࠧࡹࠥࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰ ࠓ࠙ࠧࠊ࠰ࠒࠨ࠯ ߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࡵ࠴߾࠰࠯ࠩࠐ࠳࠯ࠩࠐ࠳࠯ߺ࠱ࠩࠎࠊࠪ࠮ ࠖ࠳߾࠰࠲ࠏ߾࠰ࠋࠪࠓ࠴ࠤ ࠕࠏ࠰߻ࠪࡺࠊࠔ࠰

ࠓ߾࠰࠯ࠎࠪࡹ߾ࠣ࠮ߺࠥࠧ ࠕ࠴ࠤࠩࠎࡤߺࠊࠔ࠰………

ࠛ߻࠱߿࠰ࠕࠔ࠰

ࠓ߾࠰࠯ࠎࠪࡹ߾ࠣ࠮ߺࠥࠧ ࠕ࠴ࠤࠩࠎࡤߺࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

W.H. Auden ࡄ Refugee Blue ߺࠑ࠱ࠤߺࠧࠥ ࠛࠖ߾࠰࠯ࠀߺ࠰ ࠓ࠴ ߻࠭߿ࠤ࠯ࠏࠧ࠭ࠩࠐࠤ࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ࡀ

࠶.࠶.࠷࠵࠶࠵

࠹࠾
Refugee Blues

by W.H. Auden

Say this city has ten million souls,

Some are living in mansions, some are living in holes:

Yet there’s no place for us, my dear, yet there’s no place

for us.

Once we had a country and we thought it fair,

Look in the atlas and you’ll ¿nd it there:

We cannot go there now, my dear, we cannot go there

now.

In the village churchyard there grows an old yew,

Every spring it blossoms anew;

Old passports can’t do that, my dear, old passports can’t

do that.

The consul banged the table and said:

“If you’ve got no passport you’re of¿cially dead”;

But we are still alive, my dear, but we are still alive.

Went to a committee; they offered me a chair;

Asked me politely to return next year:

But where shall we go today, my dear, but where shall we

go today?

Came to a public meeting; the speaker got up and said:

“If we let them in, they will steal our daily bread”;

He was talking of you and me, my dear, he was talking of

you and me.

Thought I heard the thunder rumbling in the sky;

It was Hitler over Europe, saying: “They must die”;

We were in his mind, my dear, we were in his mind.

Saw a poodle in a jacket fastened with a pin,

Saw a door opened and a cat let in:

But they weren’t German Jews, my dear, but they weren’t

࠺࠵
German Jews.

Went down to the harbor and stood upon the quay,

Saw the ¿sh swimming as if they were free:

Only ten feet away, my dear,

only ten feet away.

Walked through a wood, saw the birds in the trees;

They had no politicians and sang at their ease:

They weren’t the human race, my dear, they weren’t the

human race.

Dreamed I saw a building with a thousand Àoors,

A thousand windows and a thousand doors;

Not one of them was ours, my dear, not one of them was

ours.

Stood on a great plain in the falling snow;

Ten thousand soldiers marched to and fro:

Looking for you and me, my dear,

looking for you and me.

࠺࠶
ࠛ߻ࠎ࠰࠯ (࠶࠵)
ࡵࠧࠥ߾࠰߾࠭ࠕࠏ࠰࠲߻ࠤ࠯ߺࠑ࠱ࠤ ࠘࠭ࠧ࠯ࠏࠧࠌ࠰

ࠓ߾࠰࠯ࠀࠥࠧ࠯ࠓ߾࠰࠯ࠔࠧࠊ࠰ ࠊࠩߺࠤ߾࠰ࡄ ࠓ࠴ࠊ࠰ࠊࠓ࠰࠯

࠘ࠨࠩ࠘ࠩࠊࠤ࠮ࠓ࠴ ࠛࠕࠤࠕࠤ ࠘ࠤࠔࠤࠖ࠴ࠏ ࡥࠏࠦ࠯࠲ࠏࠄ࠰࠮߿࠭ࠧࠕࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

࠘ࠨߺࠥࠧࠔ࠰ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰ ࠩࠕ࠯ࠊ߾࠰࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠊࠪ࠮ ߿ߺࠤ࠯ࠩ࠲ࠏ ࠙ࠤ࠘ࠥࠏ࠰ࠎࠤ࠯ࠖࠄ࠰ࠖ࠳ࠔ࠰ࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

࠘ࠨ࠙ࠤ ࠖࠨࠔࠧࠊ࠰ࠖࠨ࠘࠳ࠓ࠰࠯ ࠩࠊ࠳ࠎࠪ࠮࠘ࠤ ࠕ߾࠰࠯ࡵ࠴ࠦ࠯ߺࡣ࠳ࠓ࠰࠯ࠗ߾࠰߻ࠪ࠮ࠕࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

࠘ࠨ࠙ࠤ ߿߿࠰ࠊࠏ࠰ ࠎࠪ࠮ ߿߿࠰࠘ࠩࠒࡊࠤ ࠊࠄ࠰ࠩࠀࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠕ࠯ ࠛࠊ࠳ߺ࠰࠘ࠤ ࠛࠩࠖ࠯ࠋࠤ࠯߻ࠪ࠮ࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

࠘ࠨࠕࠔ࠰ࠊࠪ࠮ࠛ߻ࠣ ࠘࠮ࠨࠗࠎ࠰ࡦߺࠦ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠗࠣ࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ߺ࠳ࠪ ࠖࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠕࠔ࠰ࡤߺࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

࠘ࠨ߾ࠥࠧࠊࠪ࠮ࠛ߻ࠣࠓ࠴ࠤࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠖࠓ࠰࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ࠩࠏࡅࠓ࠴ࠤ ߺࠩࠖ࠯߾ࠔ࠰ࠩࠖ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠩ࠘ࠏ࠳ࠪࠗ߾࠰ࡤߺࠕࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠌࠑࠖ࠱ࠫ࠿ ࠛࠥࠊ࠰࠿ ࠩࠛࠤ࠰ࠌ߾࠰

ࠒࠤ࠘ࠤ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰- ࠛࠖ߾࠰࠯ࠀߺ࠰

Epitaph On A Tyrant

Perfection, of a kind, was what he was after,

And the poetry he invented was easy to understand;

He knew human folly like the back of his hand,

And was greatly interested in armies and Àeets;

When he laughed, respectable senators burst with laughter,

And when he cried the little children died in the streets.

W.H.Auden

࠺࠷
ࠩࠋࠤ߾࠰ࠩ߻࠱ࠤߺ࠰

ࠎࠤߺ࠱߾࠰ࠖࠥࠧ࠮ ࠩࠛࠤ࠰ࠩࠎࠕ࠴ࠤࠊࠪ࠮ ࠛ࠘࠭ࠊ࠘࠭ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ ࡤߺࠤ࠯ࠖࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠕࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠔࠧࠎ࠰ߺࠩࠖ࠯ ࠊ߿࠰ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ࠩࠋࠤ߾࠰ࠩ߻࠱ࠤߺ࠰ ࠓࠥࠩࠎࠕ࠴ࠤ࠲ࠏࠦࡀ

ࠩ࠙ࠤ ࠛ߻ࠧࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ࠘ࠨ࠮ࠕ࠮ࠪ ࠩࠛࠤ࠰࠘࠭ ࡤߺࠤ࠯ࠕ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰࠲ࠏࠦࡀ

ࠒࠔ࠰ࠗࠔ࠰ࠀࠦߺࠓ࠴ࠎ࠰࠯ࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ ࠓ࠘ࠥࠏࠣࡀ

ߺࠨࠄࠦࡤߺࠏࠣࠖࠥࠧ࠮ ࠩࠛࠤ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠤࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠒࠔ࠰ࠗࠔ࠰ࠀࠦߺࠓ࠴ࠎ࠰࠯ࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ ࠓ࠘ࠥࠏࠣࡀ

ࠩࡤߺࠤߺ࠰ࠖࠎ࠰࠮ ࠄࠦ࠯ࠊ࠳ࠤ࠯ࠩࠎࠊࠪ࠮ ࠘ࠨ࠮ࠕࠪ࠮ ࠛ࠘࠭ ࠙ࠤ

ࠛࠕࠤࠕࠤߺࠥࠧ ࠋࠥࠊ࠰ࠖࠎ࠰࠮ ࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠩ߿ࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠕ࠴ࠫ࠭ࠓࠪ࠮ࠩࠎࠕ࠴ࠤࠓࠔ࠰࠮ ࠓ࠱ߺ࠰ࡵ࠴ࠤߺࠩࠖ࠯ࠕࠔ࠰࠿

ࠛࠕࠤࠕࠤߺࠥࠧ ࠋࠥࠊ࠰ࠖࠎ࠰࠮ ࠘࠳ࠤ࠯ࠩ߿ࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠩ࠙ࠤ ࠛ߻ࠧࠖࠄ࠰࠯ ߺࠨࠄࠦࡤߺࠏࠣࠖࠥࠧ࠮ ࠩࠛࠤ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠤࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠒࠔ࠰ࠗࠔ࠰ࠀࠦߺࠓ࠴ࠎ࠰࠯ࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ ࠓࠩࠊ࠳ࡺࠏࠣࡀ

࠘ࠨ࠮ࠖߺ࠰ࠩ߻࠱ࠤ߾࠰࠯ߺࠩࠖ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠩࠋࠤ߾࠰ࠩ߻࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠋࠪ ࠲߾ࠥࠩࠎࠕ࠴ࠤࠩࠕࠤ࠮ࠓࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠒࠔ࠰ࠗࠔ࠰ࠀࠦߺࠓ࠴ࠎ࠰࠯ࠩࠊࠤ࠮ ߺࡣ࠳ࠎ࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ ࠓࠩࠊ࠳࠮ࠏࠣࡀ

ࠛࠥࠧ࠯ ࠛࠩߺࠤ߾࠰ߺࠩࠖ࠯ ࠕࠔ࠰...

ࠛࠥࠧ࠯ ࠛࠩߺࠤ߾࠰ߺࠩࠖ࠯ ࠕࠔ࠰...

߾ࠣࠩࠖ ࠩࠎࠕࠤࠛࡵ࠭࠴࠮.ࠓ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠖ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠖࠥࠧߺ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠤࠩࠎࠏࠣࠊࠔ࠰ߺ࠳ࠔ࠰ࡀ

߼࠱ࠥࠎ࠰࠯ ߿ࠊࠦࠑ߾࠰ࠀ߾࠰

ࠒࠤ࠘ࠤ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰- ࠛࠖ߾࠰࠯ࠀߺ࠰

࠺࠸
The Snare

I hear a sudden cry of pain!

There is a rabbit in a snare:

Now I hear the cry again,

But I cannot tell from where.

But I cannot tell from where

He is calling out for aid!

Crying on the frightened air,

Making everything afraid!

Making everything afraid!

Wrinkling up his little face!

And he cries again for aid;

- and I cannot ¿nd the place!

And I cannot ¿nd the place

Where his paw is in the snare!

Little One! Oh, Little One!

I am searching everywhere!

James Stephens

࠺࠹
“ࠛࠩࡤߺࠤߺ࠰ࠊࠕࠤ࠯ߺ߾࠰࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤ߿ࠥࠊ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥࠕࠤ ࠛࠕࠏ࠰”

ࠋࠥࠧࠛࠕࠏ࠰ࡁ ߿ࠥࠊ࠰ࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠘ࠄ࠰ࠛࠩࡤߺࠤߺ࠰ࠊࠕࠤ࠯ߺ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠦ࠯ ࠞࠦ࠯ࠩ߻ࠣ߾࠰࠯ࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠩࠓࠤ࠰ࡂࠓࠊ࠰ࡂࠩࠎࡄࡀ

ࠋࠥࠧࠛࠕࠏ࠰ࡁ ࠛ࠘ࠥࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠖ࠳ࠊ࠰ࠖ࠳ࠊ࠰ࠖࠏ࠰ࠖࠏ࠰ ߺ࠳ࠎ࠰ࡹ࠲ࠓࠬ࠯ࠖ࠴࠱ߺ࠰ࠕ࠴ࠥࡤߺࡄࡀ

ࠋࠥࠧࠛࠕࠏ࠰ࡁ ߺࠓࡡࠤࠩࠖࠤߺࡤߺࠦ࠯ ࠛ߿ࠥࠊ࠰߿ࠥࠊ࠰ࠛࠓࡰࠤࠓࡰࠤ ߺ࠳ࠪ࠲ࠏࠤ࠯࠲߻߾࠰࠯࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩ߿ࠓࠄ࠰࠮ ࠩ࠘࠯࠘ࠥࠓ࠰ࡥࠏࠦ࠯

ߺ࠱ࠞ࠰࠯ࠩ࠲ࠓࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠩ࠘ࠤࠩࠌ࠘߿࠳ࠪࠎ࠭ࠕ࠭ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࠏࠪࠩࠎࡄࡀ

ࠋࠥࠧࠛࠕࠏ࠰ࡁ ߿ߺࠤ࠯ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠎߺ࠰ࠎࠪࠓ࠴ࠎ࠰ߺࠎ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠘߿ࡋࠤࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠓ࠴࠘ࠤ ࠘ࠩࡵ࡜ࠊࠄ࠰࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠩࠏࡅࠖࠤࡤߺࡄࡀ

ࠋࠥࠧࠛࠕࠏ࠰ࡁ ࠓࠩࠓࠤࠓࠏࠎ࠰࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠖ࠭ࠧ࠭ࡹࠖࠞ࡬࠙࠘ࠄ࠰ ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ࠩ࠲ࠓࠤߺ࠰࠲ࠏࠄ࠰࠮߿࠭ࠧࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛࠩ࠲߻ࠛࠩࠎ࠘ࠥࠧࡹ ࠖ࠴ࠓ࠰࠯ࠊࠊ࠰ࡤߺࡄࡀ

ࠋࠥࠧࠛࠕࠏ࠰ࡁ ࡤߺࠄ࠰ࠖ߾࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠀ߾࠰࠲߻߾࠰ࠊ࠭ࠧࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠛߺ࠱߾࠰࠮ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠊࠥࠧࡹࠩࠓ࠴࠯ࠓ࠴ࠥࠎ࠰ࠕࠤ ࠩ࠲߻ࠤߺ࠰ࠩ࠘࠳ࡹࠩ࠘ࠤ ߺࡵࡗࠤࠕࡁ ࠏ߾࠰

ࠖࠓ࠰࠯߿ࠞ࠰߿߿࠰ ߺ࠱߾࠰࠮߿ࠞ࠰ࠓ࠴ࠎ࠰ࠊࠥࠧࡹ࠘ࠄ࠰ ࠓࠩࠏ࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠏࠪ ࠊࠄ࠰ࡤߺߺࠧࠎ࠰ࡄࡀ

ࠋࠥࠧࠛࠕࠏ࠰ࡁ ࠖࠨ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠊࠥࠧࡹࡄ ߿ࠥࠊ࠰ࠍࠣࠊ࠰ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠖ࠳ࠊ࠰ࠖࠏ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤ ࠛߺ࠱߾࠰࠮ࠩߺࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ߺ࠱ࠔ࠰࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࡹ࠲ࠐ߿࠰ࠋ࠳ࠎ࠰࠯ࠩࠛࠤ߾࠰

ࠛࠐ࠘ ߻߾࠰ߺࠥࠧࠔ࠰ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰ ࠞࠦ࠯ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ࠩࠊࠤ࠰ࠓࠨࡄࡀ

ࠛࠐ࠘߻߾࠰ …………………………

ࠋࠥࠧࠛࠕࠏ࠰ࡁ࠘ࠤ ߺࡣ࠳ࡵࠧ࠰ࠏ࠰ࡄ ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰߾࠭ࠩࠊࠤ࠰࠘ࠄ࠰ ࡵࠥࠧ࠯ࠋࠏࠣࠕࠩ߿࠘ࠤ࠯ࡀ

ࠕࠤࠒ߾࠰࠲ࠌࠤࠎ࠘࠰ࠊ߼ࠥࠧ࠯

ࠒࠤ࠘ࠤ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰- ࠛࠖ߾࠰࠯ࠀߺ࠰

࠺࠺
“Where The Mind Is Without Fear”

Where the mind is without fear and the head is held high

Where knowledge is free

Where the world has not been broken up into fragments

By narrow domestic walls

Where words come out from the depth of truth

Where tireless striving stretches its arms towards perfection

Where the clear stream of reason has not lost its way

Into the dreary desert sand of dead habit

Where the mind is led forward by thee

Into ever-widening thought and action

Into that heaven of freedom, my Father, let my country awake.

By Rabindranath Tagore

1861-1941

࠺࠻
ࠛ߻ࠎ࠰࠯ (࠶࠶)
ࠌࠦࠓࠥࠧߺࠩࠕ߿ࠦ ࠩ߻ࠣ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠀࠤ߾࠰ ࠩࠌࡅࠩࠛࠤ߾࠰ࠀࠎ࠰࠯߿ࠧࡤߺࠄ࠰ࡄ ߺࠑ࠱ࠤ

ࠛ࠘࠭ࠊࠥࠊ࠰ ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠋࠪࠓ࠴ࠤ

ࠛ࠘࠭ࠊࠥࠊ࠰ ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠋࠪࠓ࠴ࠤ

ࠊࠞࠦ࠯ࠊࠩࠔࠤߺ࠰ߺࠓ࠱ࠤ࠯ ࠩ߻࠱ࠤ߾࠰࠯ࠎࠤ࠯ࠩࠋࠤ߾࠰ࠩࠎࠕ߾࠰ࠒࠪ

ࠀߺ࠰ࠓࠩ࠲ࠏࠤࠕࠪࡤߺࠩࠊࠤࡺࠒࠨ࠯ࠩࠖࡀ

࠘ࠊ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠏ࠯ࠀࠥࠧ࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ߺ ࠖ࠴࠱ࠥࠫࡺࠗ࠴ߺ࠰߻࠱ߺ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠩࠕࠤ߾࠰࠯߿ࠤ࠯ࡤߺࠊࠔ࠰ࠩࠖࡀ

࠲ࠏࠄ࠰࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ࠕࠪࡺ ࠛ࠘ߺ࠰ࠩ࠘࠳࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ߺࠥࠧ ࠩࠐࠤߺ࠰ࠩ࠘ࠤߺ࠰ࠩࠎࡤߺࠊࠤࠩࠖࡀ

ࠓ߾࠰࠯ࠀࠥࠧ࠯ࠓ߾࠰࠯ࠔࠧࠊ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ ࠓࡦߺࠥࠫߺ࠰ࠊࠤࠀࠥࠧ

ࠒࠔ࠰࠘ࠨߺࠓ࠴ ࠓࠩ࠲ࠏࠤࠕࠪࡤߺࠒࠨ࠯ࠩࠖࡀ

ࠛ࠘࠭ࠊࠥࠊ࠰ ࠑࠓࠤ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠋࠪࠓ࠴ࠤ

ࠕࠔ࠰ࠩࠓࠤࠩࠎ࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࡤߺࠒࠨ࠯࠿

ࠋࠧࠊ࠰ࠩ࠲ࠏࠤࠩࠎ࠘ࠨࠩࠊ࠳ ࠖࠄ࠰࠯ࠓࠕ࠴ࠥࡤߺࠒࠨ࠯ࡀ

ࠛ࠘࠭ࠊࠥࠊ࠰ ࠑࠓࠤ࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠋࠪࠓ࠴ࠤ

ࠖࠨࠋࠧࠩࠊ࠳ࠕࠪࡺ ࠊࠥࠊ࠰ࠀࠥࠊ࠰ࠓ࡮ࠩࠊ࠳ࡤߺࠤ࠯

ࠛࠪࠌࠦ ࠛࠓ࠴ࠎ࠰࠯ࠊࠕࠤ࠯ ߺࠥࠧࡤߺࠤ࠯࠘ࠥࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠊࠔ࠰ࠩࠖࡀ

ࠛ࠘࠭ࠊࠥࠊ࠰ ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠋࠪࠓ࠴ࠤ

ࠓࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠐࠓ࠰࠯ࠀࠦ࠯ࠐࠥࠧࡺࠖࠤࠩࠎࠊࠪࡺ

߿߿࠰࠘ࠤ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ ߺࠥࠧ࠲ࠓ߾࠰ࠩࠎࠊࠤࠩࠊࠤ߾࠰

ࠒࠔ࠰࠘ࠨߺࠓ࠴ ࠓࠩ࠲ࠏࠤࠕࠪࡤߺࠒࠨ࠯ࠩࠖࡀ

ࠊࠕࠧࠊ࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ߺ ࠖࠓ࠰࠯ࠓࡦߺࠦ࠯ߺࠥࠧ ࠖࠥࠧ߻࠱߾࠰ࠩࠎࡤߺࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

࠲ࠏ߾࠰࠘߿࠰ࠩࠊ࠳ߺ ࠩࠕࠎ࠭ ߺࠥࠧࠖࠥࠧ߻࠱߾࠰ࠩࠎࡤߺࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠋࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ߺ ࠘߿࠰ ߺࠥࠧࠖࠥࠧ߻࠱߾࠰ࠩࠎࡤߺࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠎࠗࠊ ߺࠩࠊࠤࡺ ࠛࠕࠤࠕࠤߺࠥࠧࠐ࠱ߺ࠰߿ࠦ࠯ࠩࠎࡤߺࠊࠔ࠰ࡀ

ࠛ࠘࠭ࠊࠥࠊ࠰ ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠋࠪࠓ࠴ࠤ
࠺࠼
ࠛ࠘࠭ࠊࠥࠊ࠰ ࠊࠥࠧ߾࠰࠯࠲ࠏࠄ࠰ࠋࠪࠓ࠴ࠤ

ࠒࠤ࠘࠭ࠓ࠴ࡤߺࠤ࠯ࠕࠓࠔ࠰ ࠓ࠙ࠧࠊ࠰ࠒࠨ࠯

ࠖࠨ࠘ࠊ࠰࠘ࠓࠤ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ߺ ࡵ࡮ࠊ࠰ࠏࠥࠊ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯ࠖࠥࠧࡺࠩࠖࡀ

ࠛࠩࡤߺࠤߺ࠰ࠊࠕࠤ࠯ࠩࠊ࠳ߺ ࠐ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠏࠥࠊ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯ࠖࠥࠧࡺࠩࠖࡀ

ࠛ߾࠰ࠛࠤ࠯࠘࠭ࠧ࠯ࡥࠏࠦ࠯ ࠐࠥࡵ࠴ࠥࠏ࠰ࠋࠤ࠯ࠏࠣࠩ߿ࡀ

ࠓࠧ࠘ࠤ࠯ࠗࠣࠌࠦࠩࠊ࠳ ࠓࠊࠧࠏࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠊࠪࡺ࠿

ࠩࠐ࠱ࠤߺ࠰ࠐ࠱ߺ࠰ ࠐ࠭ࠧ࠯ࠐࠥࠓࠋࠤ࠯ࡵࠥࠧ߾࠰ࠊࠪࡺ

ࠛ࠘࠭ࠊ࠘࠭ ߺࠩࠊࠤࡺࠕ࠴߾࠰࠘ࠎ࠰ࠩࠎࠓ࠴ࠤ

“ࠖ࠳ࠊ࠰ࠖࠏ࠰࠲߻߾࠰࠯”ࠊࠪࡺࡀ ࡀ

ࠩࠛࠤ߾࠰ࠀࠎ࠰࠯߿ࠧࡤߺࠄ࠰

ࠒࠤ࠘ࠤ࠲ࠏࠎ࠰ࡀࠒࠩࠖࠤࡹ߻࠰߼ࠣ ࠛࠖ߾࠰࠯ࠀߺ࠰

࠺࠽
In The Quiet Land

In the Quiet Land, no one can tell

if there’s someone who’s listening

for secrets they can sell.

The informers are paid in the blood of the land

and no one dares speak what the tyrants won’t stand.

In the quiet land of Burma,

no one laughs and no one thinks out loud.

In the quiet land of Burma,

you can hear it in the silence of the crowd

In the Quiet Land, no one can say

when the soldiers are coming

to carry them away.

The Chinese want a road; the French want the oil;

the Thais take the timber; and SLORC takes the spoils...

In the Quiet Land....

In the Quiet Land, no one can hear

what is silenced by murder

and covered up with fear.

But, despite what is forced, freedom’s a sound

that liars can’t fake and no shouting can drown.

Aung San Suu Kyi

࠺࠾

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