1

U N I T

The sexes

1 Possible answer
Photos 1 and 4 are similar because they show
people at work. However, in photo 1 we see a
man and a woman fulfilling traditional roles
the man is the boss and the woman is the
secretary. In photo 4 we see men and women
working on equal terms.

Examples of other group nouns: family, group,

orchestra, couple.

Grammar and practice p12

Talking about the future
1 Key

Reading p10
2 Possible answer
A single-sex crew might miss the company of the
opposite sex and the distractions they can bring.

3 Possible answer
In the text, John Moore thinks mixed-sex crews
could have families which would make space
travel easier to tolerate.

Multiple choice
3 Key
1 C
2 D
3 C

4 A
5 B

a
b
c
d

4
1
5
7

e 6
f 3
g 2

2 Key
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

break up
re having
re starting
re going to get up
leaves
ll stop
re going to drive
will take
ll probably go
re going to catch
ll send
Are you doing

3 Possible answers

Over to you
Possible answers
Suitable people: doctors, nurses, midwives,
teachers, builders, farmers, scientists, etc.
Personal qualities: determination, bravery, sense
of adventure, sense of humour, ability to work as
a team, etc.

a Im going to ask them to tell the truth.

b Im afraid Im visiting relatives in the holidays.
c Ill put up the decorations and Ill select some
music, if you like.
d Ill be twenty-one.
e Ill probably be married.
f Tomorrow is going to be icy.

Group nouns

Future continuous and future perfect

4 Key

4 Key

a class
b jury
c team
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d staff
e audience
f crowd

a 2

b 3

c 1

THE SEXES UNIT 1 1

5 Possible answers

7 Possible answers

a This time next week Ill be sitting on the

beach.
b By this time next year Ill have finished my
exams.
c This time next year Ill be living in Spain.
d In five years time Ill have started my own
company.

Cloze

Exam techniques p15

6 Key
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

by
is
that
on
than
been
to
far

9
10
11
12
13
14
15

who
to
are
still / can
It
down
never / not

Lead in
3 Key
adventurous adventure
competitive competition
confident confidence
cooperative cooperation
emotional emotion
generous generosity
independent independence
lazy laziness
materialistic materialism
optimistic optimism
possessive possession
self-centred self-centredness
sensitive sensitivity
sincere sincerity
sociable sociability
stubborn stubbornness

Confusing verbs: lay / lie

5 Key
a 3

b 1

c 2

6 Key
a lie
b laid
c lying

UNIT 1 THE SEXES

Listening Part 3
Dos and Donts
1 Key
Speaker 1
Speaker 2
Speaker 3
Speaker 4
Speaker 5

E
D
A
F
C

Tapescript

Vocabulary p14

a I always lie on my side, because I find it the

most comfortable. If I lie on my back, I snore.
b My friend had her hair cut and I thought it
looked terrible. She asked me if I liked it and I
said yes. I lied because I didnt want to hurt
her feelings.

d lay
e lied
f lay

Speaker 1 Id say that men and women are as good

as each other at looking after children and
loving them. I grew up without my dad
around. At the time it seemed normal, but
now I have my own kids I realise how
mothers and fathers help us in different
ways. As a dad myself, I know theres a
bond between children and their dads
thats just as important as having a mum
around, and from my experience Id say
that only a man can really do that job.
Speaker 2 If youre thinking about the day-to-day
care of children, Id say that fathers and
mothers can be equally successful. I know
several families where the mother is the
main breadwinner and the father looks
after the kids and it works perfectly well.
But Im sure that the physical relation
between a baby and its mother creates
an emotional tie which theres no
substitute for, and of course this wont
change because men will never be able to
have children.
Speaker 3 Mothers and fathers are different and
always will be, but both are essential. Its
far too much work for one person to
look after a family on their own, so its
important for the father to help out right
from the start. The key thing is to always
put the interests of the children first. I
know that I have a special relationship
with them as a mum, but I can see that
my kids need their dad around too.

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Speaker 4 The idea that men are worse at looking

after children is rubbish. Dads can do
everything just as well as mums. Women
are only better at childcare because, at the
moment, they spend more time with
kids than men do. Its like my mum she
doesnt understand how to use email, but
if she worked in an office like me shed
know exactly what to do its just a
question of familiarity.
Speaker 5 When I was a kid, my father made more
effort to spend time with us than most
fathers would have done, which wasnt
what real men were supposed to do.
Whenever he wasnt at work, he dedicated
all his time to me and my sisters. Other
than my mum, people didnt really
recognise how special he was. My father
wasnt like everyone else, so people just
ignored him. Nowadays, most men are
involved with their kids like he was.

Phrasal verbs with bring

2 Key
a
b
c
d

Bringing up
bring (her) round
brought about
bring up

e brought out
f brought back
g bring down

3 Key
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h

a snack
attempted
therefore
sent you a text message
to inform you
because
returned home
I do apologise

4 Key
The first letter: was held up, didnt get in
The second letter: was delayed, did not arrive

5 Key
a
b
c
d

back down
split up, went on
put up with
put me down

e
f
g
h

bumped into
called off
brought up
work out

Meanings of get
6 Key
get in arrive home
got changed changed
get you contact you
get it receive
got to arrived at

Vocabulary p16

Exam techniques p17

Formal and informal language

1 Possible answers

Use of English Part 4

Formal style: job / college applications, letters of

complaint, business letters, requests for bookings,
announcements, etc.
Informal style: letter to friends and relatives.

2 Key
a The first is a note or possibly an email
message. The second is a formal letter.
b Both are intended as apologies.
c In the first, the reader and the writer are
boyfriend and girlfriend. In the second, they
are probably business acquaintances.
d The first letter contains informal language,
familiar salutations, and contractions.
e The second letter contains formal language,
polite salutations, and full forms rather than
contracted forms.

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Dos and Donts

1 Key
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

the
than

of
it
being

who

9
10
11
12
13
14
15

the
time

from
you
there
to

THE SEXES UNIT 1 3

Listening p18
Lead in
1 Key
a The speakers birthday is on 31 December.
The statement was made on 1 January.
b sixteen minutes

Multiple choice
2 Possible answer
I think men are better at solving mathematical
problems because they are better at thinking
logically.
or
I think women are better at solving
mathematical problems because they are more
patient and take the time to think things
through.

3 Possible answer
On the recording, Ashley James believes that
boys do better at maths because they concentrate
harder than girls as they get older and because
maths is still seen as a male subject. Kathy
Manchester believes that women are less
confident than men because, at school, girls are
not expected to do well at maths as boys. She
thinks girls are better at solving problems,
however.
Tapescript
Part 1
Presenter Good afternoon. Our first item in todays
programme looks at the subject of
mathematics and asks Whos better at it:
boys or girls? Lets start by asking a
teacher. Ashley James, youve been a
maths teacher for over ten years. How
would you answer this question?
Ashley James Well, Jean, in my experience Id say
there isnt as great a difference as people
think, but as children get older, boys seem
to concentrate harder. Early on, girls have
the same ability, but its still the case that
girls tend not to continue with maths
after they leave school and go on to
higher education. The unfortunate truth is
that people still think of maths as a male
subject.
Presenter Thank you, Ashley. That certainly was my
own experience. When I was at school
girls were not supposed to be as good as
boys at maths. For Kathy Manchester,
however, this theory doesnt actually add
up. Kathys a researcher on the popular TV
4

UNIT 1 THE SEXES

programme Just for Fun, where people

just ordinary members of the public
have to solve mathematical problems.
Part 2
Kathy

OnJust for Fun were trying to bring maths

to a non-specialist audience and to
counter the common belief that maths is
impossible and I cant do it or, worse still,
Im not clever enough to do it. Its very
noticeable that the women who come
onto the programme seem to have
much less confidence than the men,
perhaps because they were at schools
where girls were not expected to do as
well as boys at maths and science. But
when it comes to it, women are a lot
better at getting the problems right
the programme shows this trend
consistently.
Presenter Yet men show more self-confidence than
women?
Kathy
Thats right. Theyre always ready to
jump in and attempt the puzzle, in some
cases believing that the women just arent
capable of solving it at all. The strange
thing is that, on public display, the macho
image begins to crack. The old saying,
behind every successful man theres a
woman, may have taken on a new
meaning. Maybe it doesnt refer to
background support and organisation at
all, but to actual decisions that are made.
Presenter So, on the programme, do men and
women actually compete directly with
each other?
Kathy
Yes, occasionally and thats where it all
gets very interesting. In the limelight the
men become so nervous; blind panic
crosses their faces and their minds
seem to turn blank. The women, on the
other hand, are much calmer; they dont
like to take such big risks as the men;
they seem to want more time to think
about the questions.
Presenter Two thousand years ago, the Greek
philosopher Plato said that even people
with no education have an innate
mathematical instinct. Just for Fun
suggests that this is true and that
women have more of it than men. Heres
Kathy Manchester with a final word.
Kathy
What we dont know is whether this
ability in women is inherited or whether it
comes from years of being the woman
behind the man. Its a bit like the tortoise
and the hare. Tortoises move more slowly,
but theyre more consistent and they
cross the finishing line first.

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4 Key
a M
b W

Interlocutor

c M
d M

e W
f W

g W

Speaking p19
Lead in
3 Possible answers
How many brothers and sisters have you got?
Where do you live?
What kind of music do you like?
What do you do in your spare time?

Yasko

Interlocutor
Sun
Interlocutor
Sun

Giving personal information

4 Key
Topics
Family

House and
home

Leisure

Questions
Do you have a large or a small
family? Can you tell me something
about them?
Do you live in a house or an
apartment? Whats it like? Could
you tell us something about the
area where you live?
What do you like doing in your
spare time? Do you have any
hobbies? What kinds of books do
you like to read? Do you play a
musical instrument?

Interlocutor
Sun
Interlocutor
Sun

Interlocutor
Yasko

Tapescript
My names Petrina Cliff and this is
my colleague Thorkild Gantner. He
is just going to listen to us. So, you
are?
Sun
Sun. My name is Sun.
Interlocutor And?
Im Yasko. Yasko.
Yasko
Interlocutor Yasko?
Yes.
Yasko
Interlocutor Thank you. First of all, wed like to
know something about you, so Im
going to ask ou some questions
about yourselves. Where are you
from Sun?
Sun
Im from South Korea.

Interlocutor
Yasko
Interlocutor

And you, Yasko?

Im from Japan.
Yasko, do you have a large or a small
family?
Err small family.

Interlocutor

Interlocutor

Interlocutor
Yasko
Interlocutor
Yasko

Oxford University Press

Sun

Interlocutor
Yasko

Yasko
Interlocutor

Can you tell me something about

them?
Yes, I have two older brothers and I live
with my father and mother. But two of
my brothers have left er our home
because they had got married before.
Do you live in a house or an
apartment, Sun?
I live in my flat when Im in
London or Korea, which one?
Whats it like?
Of course I like my own flat in which
is situated in Korea because the room is
like studio. Its large and big and I had
big, king-sized bed and then I used to
live alone. But also, there is some
kitchen and shower room with
everything, so I like it. Im still missing
my room but Here is my flat is so
small, but its cosy.
Could you tell us something about
the area where you live?
In England?
In Korea.
Erm because I stayed in the near the
college, because I have to go to early in
the college, but the place is quite nice,
for example its like national national
park. Cos its near the mountains and
everything is good.
Yasko, what do you like doing in your
spare time?
I like watching movies and ballet and
listening to music.
And do you have any hobbies?
Yes, I like travelling.
What kinds of books do you like to
read?
Erm now I dont read any book. But
when I was in Korea I liked reading,
especially like erm the thriller movie
and thriller books and erm suspected,
suspected books and I like, how do you
say, I like Sherlock Holmes, that kind of
book that I like.
Do you play a musical instrument,
Yasko?
Yes, I I like playing the piano, but Im
not good at playing. But I enjoy
enjoy playing the piano.
How did you become interested in
playing the piano?
Pardon?
How did you become interested in
playing the piano?

THE SEXES UNIT 1 5

Yasko

Yes. When I was small child my mother

asked me to have a lesson, so at first I
dont like to play the piano. But well
when I was high-school student my
friends said your play is very good so I
have some confidence, so I become to
like it.

Yasko

Yes. When I was small child my mother

asked me to have a lesson, so at first I
dont like to play the piano. But well
when I was high-school student
my friends said your play is very
good so I have some confidence, so I
become to like it.

6 Key
Extract 1: Yasko doesnt live with her brothers
because they have got married.
Extract 2: Sun likes where he lives because its
part of a national park.
Extract 3: Sun enjoys thrillers.
Extract 4: Yasko became interested in playing
the piano because her friends said
she played well.
Tapescript
Extract 1
Interlocutor
Yasko
Interlocutor
Yasko

Extract 2
Interlocutor
Sun
Interlocutor
Sun

Extract 3
Interlocutor
Sun

Extract 4
Interlocutor
Yasko
Interlocutor

Yasko, do you have a large or a small

family?
Err small family.
Can you tell me something about
them?
Yes, I have two older brothers and I live
with my father and mother. But two of
my brothers have left er our home
because they had got married before.
Could you tell us something about the
area where you live?
In England?
In Korea.
Erm because I stayed in the near the
college, because I have to go to early in
the college, but the place is quite
nice, for example its like national
national park. Cos its near the
mountains and everything is good.
What kinds of books do you like to
read?
Erm now I dont read any book. But
when I was in Korea I liked reading,
especially like erm the thriller
movie and thriller books and erm
suspected, suspected books and I like,
how do you say, I like Sherlock Holmes,
that kind of book that I like.

Writing p20
Informal letter
1 Key
a The letter must mention that Nicky is invited
to the wedding, that she can bring a friend,
the time and place of the wedding, that she
needs to reply (RSVP), and that the wedding
list can be found on the Internet.
b The style should be informal Nicky is a
friend of yours.

2 Key
The style is too formal in places. The writer has
used an impersonal tone occasionally (She has
requested that an invitation be passed on to you),
passive verbs (be passed on to you), single-word
verbs (purchasing), and polite phrases (Yours
sincerely). The writer has also forgotten to give
details of the location of the wedding.

Formal and informal language

3 Key
a
b
c
d

INF
F
INF
F

e
f
g
h

F
INF
INF
INF

4 Key
a Short sentences Alice is getting married,
Theyre not too expensive.
c Contractions Shes sent, Shed love, The
weddings at, etc.
f Phrasal verbs Ive come up with a few ideas
g Words left out Look forward to seeing you
(missing I)
h Simple words or slang the kind of thing

How did you become interested in

playing the piano?
Pardon?
How did you become interested in
playing the piano?

UNIT 1 THE SEXES

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Think, plan, write

5 Key

2 Key
a brought up
b brings back
c bring around

informal

d bring about
e brought up

3 Key
a understand
b make / buy
c buy

Overview p22
1 Key
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

one
as
which

in (where the)

been

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9
10
11
12
13
14
15

d took / caught; arrived

e becoming

for
she

the
they
any
out

THE SEXES UNIT 1 7