International Journal of Research in Advanced Technology - IJORAT

Vol. 1, Issue 5, MAY 2016

HEAT TRANSFER IMPROVEMENT IN

RADIATOR BY EFFECT OF DIFFERENT
WALLS EMISSIVITY
Kalidass.M1, Nandhakumar.S2,
Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical engineering, M.Kumarasamy College of engineering, Karur, India 1&2
Abstract: The radiator is one of the compact heat exchanger which is used in all automobile and industries. In this
project looks that the effect of wall surface finish on radiator heat transfer is made. The number of test conducted
comparing the heat loss from the radiator when wall surface roughness and emissivity directly behind it was
changed. There are four walls prepared the different roughness and emissivity using plain wall, gloss black,
aluminium, and grill gold enamel paints. The tests were conducted using the four walls and the heat loss from the
radiator has calculated. The gloss black wall can allow the high heat transfer rate from radiator, comparing with
the plain, aluminium and grill gold walls it gives 23.1oC,7.823oC 38.5oC better in total heat transfer from the
radiator.
Keywords: Radiators, Emissivity, Roughness, Heat Transfer, Turbulence.
I. INTRODUCTION
Radiator is the one of compact type of heat exchanger
which is using in all automobile industries and domestic
industries. In this project looks that the greenhouse gas
release goals fixed by our Indian management are going to
be met in the coming years, the way we are using energy at
home is focusing to achieving more efficiency and that is an
important and finest ways to achieve this, in the short to
medium term is to promotion the existing housing
arrangement to make it as energy efficient as conceivable.
Since the year of 1970s the amounts of global domestic heat
loss have fallen gradually due to Developments made in the
levels of non-conductors or insulation. Conversely, the
single largest contributor to this heat loss and the heat lost
through walls, is quiet a major problem in nowadays.
The main criterion of this project is looking into
innovative methods for increasing household thermal
efficiency. This project looks that the effect of wall surface
roughness and emissivity has on home radiator
heat
output. If surfaces with a higher emissivity and
roughness were placed behind a radiator at an optimum
distance, and that distance has been calculated by the
method of vertical length of the radiator to number of
separation occurred in the radiator.
There are four walls prepared the different roughness and
emissivity using plain wall, gloss black, aluminium, and
grill gold enamel paints. The tests were conducted using
the four walls and the heat loss from the radiator has
calculated. From the additional investigation was established
that these effects were produced by the wall heating up due
to its greater emissivity and also it having different
absorbing abilities. This heating in chance formed a
convecting surface after the radiator which generates the

All Rights Reserved 2016 IJORAT

mass flow rate of air. The addition of roughness walls to

increasing the surface area and heat transfer rate that effect
can create more turbulence in particular air gap after the
radiator. From that project we can prove that the gloss black
coated wall have done the higher performance.
II. EXPERIMENTS AND METHODOLOGY
Here the radiator has placed above the floor is 87.5 mm
29.1 mm apart from the wall surface. The thermocouples
were arranged on the radiator top, bottom and middle potion,
front and back of the wall, inlet and outlet pipe and in the
air gap after the radiator. A thermocouple has used to take
the ambient air temperature readings and the thermocouple
linked to the data logger was attached to the radiator inlet
pipe for temperature reaction. The maximum temperature of
the radiator is 700c and mass flow rate of hot water 16.8
lt/m which can circulate by the external work of 60w pump.
Here the temperature fall or heat loss will be occur due the
radiator work, the temperature reading has been taken until
the hot fluid attains the steady state level. Even though, it
was consequently establish that this could not be
accomplished deprived of stopping the mass flow rate of
water entirely. Every test surfaces constructed of 6 sheets
of 36 grit coarse grain sandpaper and bonded above the
test wall by the help of glue. The surface was then cut to a
350mm x 500mm rectangular size to match with radiator.
First of all the paints are sprayed over the roughness wall
after that which can consider as test wall. Different types of
material paints have been chosen for each of the tests. A
thermocouple used for finding the ambient temperature.
The setup contained the following apparatus:

International Journal of Research in Advanced Technology - IJORAT

Vol. 1, Issue 5, MAY 2016

Specification

Quantity

Car radiator with expanding foam

insulating one side and the size of the
radiator is 350mm500mm.

Immerged heater to heat the water 3KW

Capacity

Drum for keeping the water to flow

Control valves to regulate the water flow

Water pump operating at 60W2000RPM and flow rate of the pump is

16.8 lt/m.

CPVC pipes are used to carrying the

water.(20 Feet each pipe)

36 grit coarse grain sandpaper

RTD (Resistance Temperature

Detector)- to measure accurate
temperature.

Temperature indicator.

Fig. 3 Thermocouple arrangement

TABLE II: Thermocouple arrangement

Thermocouple

Positions

TC 1

Radiator inlet temp

TC 2

Radiator top temp

TC 3

Radiator mid temp

TC 4

Radiator bottom temp

TC 5

Wall in temp

TC 6

Wall back temp

TABLE I: APPARATUS AND SPECIFICATIONS

TC 7

Radiator outlet temp

B. SCHEMATIC OF PROJECT

TC 8

Ambient temp

D. DIFFERENT TEST WALL SURFACES

Fig. 1 Layout of Project

Fig.4 Gloss Black coated Wall surface

C. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

Fig. 5. Aluminium coated Wall surface

Fig.2. Experimental setup

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International Journal of Research in Advanced Technology - IJORAT

Vol. 1, Issue 5, MAY 2016

Fig.8 Layout of Project

Fig. 6. Grill Gold Coated Wall Surface

E. CALCULATION
Qair=(Qconv-w)+(Qconv-R)
QAIR= Heat transfer from the wall to air+ Convection heat
transfer from the radiator.
TOTAL HEAT TRANSFER TO THE AIR:
QAIR=QTOT-QCOND

Fig. 9 Layout of Project

TOTAL HEAT TRANSFER:

QTOT = mw Cpw (TIN-TOUT)
mw (mass flow rate of water)= 16.8 lt/min,
Cpw (specific heat of water at constant
Pressure)=4.186 kj/ kg k
CONDUCTION HEAT TRANSFER:
QCOND=UA/L (T1-T2)
U (overall heat transfer co-efficient) = 0.03
A (area of the wall surface) = (350500) mm;
Thickness of wall (L) = 5mm.

Fig. 10 Layout of Project

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Fig. 11 Layout of Project

V. CONCLUSION

Fig. 7 Layout of Project

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From this project shows that gloss black coated

surface which behind the radiator can allow the high heat
transfer rate from the radiator. Comparing with the plain
wall it gives the 23.1o C than the plain wall in heat transfer
rate and comparing with aluminum wall it gives 7.823 o C in
heat transfer rate and also comparing with the grill gold wall
it gives 38.5o C better in radiator heat transfer. However
some error has occurred in the data logger function.

International Journal of Research in Advanced Technology - IJORAT

Vol. 1, Issue 5, MAY 2016

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