Mathematical Methods Units 3 & 4

Examination Revision Questions

Transformations involving matrices
It can be shown that we can use matrices to represent the basic transformations
Transformation

Matrix

Reflection in the x-axis

Reflection in the y-axis

Dilation by a factor k from the y-axis

Dilation by a factor k from the x-axis

Reflection in the line y=x

Example
The point (2,5) that undergoes a reflection in the y-axis becomes;
[

][ ]

Example
The point (3,2) that undergoes a dilation of factor 4 from the x-axis becomes;
[

][ ]

[ ]

Translations cannot be expressed as a 2x2 matrix. Instead we write;

[ ]

[ ]

This is the equivalent to the point (x,y) being translated a units right and b units up.
Example
The point (3,2) that undergoes a translation of 5 units horizontally and 6 units vertically becomes;
[ ]

[ ]

[ ]

Composition of mappings
Example
Find the matrix that represents
A
a dilation of factor 3 from the x-axis,
B
a reflection in the y-axis

followed by

The required matrix is;

[

][

]
Note the order!

Transformation of functions
Example
A transformation is defined by the matrix [

]. Find the equation of the image of the cubic function

under this transformation.

Solution
(
[

][ ]

[ ]

OR
[

( )

( )

][ ]

[ ]

Multiple-Choice Questions
Question 1

2006 VCAA Question 13

Question 2

2006 Kilbaha Question 17

The linear transformation T : R 2 R 2 is defined by

x 0 2 x 1
T

y 1 0 y 3
The equation of the image of the curve y x under T is given by
x 1
3
2

A.

B.

2x 3 y 1

C.

x 3 2 y 1

D.

y 3 2x 1

E.

x 2 3 y 1

Question 3

2006 MAV Question 8

Question 4

2007 Kilbaha Question 1

The transformation T : R2 R2 , which maps the curve with equation y x3 to the curve with equation
y 4 x 6 1 , could have rule
3

A.

x 4 0 x 6
T

y 0 1 y 1

B.

x 4 0 x 6
T

y 0 1 y 1

C.

x 0.25 0 x 6
T

y 0 1 y 1

D.

x 0.25 0 x 6
T

y 0 1 y 1

E.

x 0.25 0 x 1.5
T

1 y 1
y 0

Question 5

2007 MAV Question 3

Question 6

2008 VCAA Question 6

The transformation T : R2 R2 is defined by

x 0 5 0 x 1
T

y 0 1 y 1

The image of the curve y e x under T has the equation

A.
B.
C.

D.

E.

2 x1
y e 1
2 x 1
y e 1

y e 2x1 1
x

y e 2 1

y 2 e x 1 1

Question 7

2008 MAV Question 9

Question 8

2009 Insight Exam 2 Question 6

Question 9

2009 Kilbaha Question 4

The transformation T : R2 R2 , which maps the curve with equation y x 4 to the curve with equation
y 3x 6 2 , could have the rule
4

A.

x 3 0 x 6
T
y 2
y
0
1

B.

x 3 0 x 6
T
y 2
y
0
1

C.

x 3 0 x 2
T

y 0 1 y 2

D.

x
0 x 2
T 3

y 0 1 y 2

E.

x
0 x 2
T 3

y 0 1 y 2

Question 10 2009 MAV Question 3

Question 11 2009 Heffernan Question 13

The transformation T : R 2 R 2 is defined by
x 1 0 x 2
T

y 0 4 y 3

The image of the curve with equation y x 2 1 is given by

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

x 2 1
4

( x 2) 2
y
1
4
1
y (2 x) 2 2
16
y 4(2 x) 2 2
y 4(2 x) 2 1
y

Question 12 2009 NEAP Question 9

Solutions
Question 1

2006 VCAA Question 13

Answer is A

Question 2

2006 Kilbaha Question 17

from the matrix equations

x 2 y 1
y x 3
x 1
therefore y
2
and x 3 y
the equation
y x becomes
x 1
3 y drop the dashes
2
x 1 2 3 y
x 2 3 y 1

Answer is E

Question 3

Answer is C

2006 MAV Question 8

Question 4

2007 Kilbaha Question 1

y x3 into y 4 x 6 1 or y 1 4 x 6
y y ' 1 and x 4 x ' 6 become
x 3
x ' 0.25 x 1.5 and y ' y 1 in matrix form
4 2
x ' 0.25 0 x 1.5

y ' 0
1 y 1

3

Answer is E

Question 5

2007 MAV Question 3

Answer is A

Question 6

2008 VCAA Question 6

The transformation defined by

x 0 5 0 x 1
T

y 0 1 y 1

describes a dilation by a factor of 0.5 from the y-axis followed by a translation of 1 unit to the left and 1 unit
up.
The image of y e under the dilation described above is given by y e
x

x
05

e2x

2 x 1
After the translation of 1 unit to the left we have, y e and after the translation of 1 unit up we have

2 x 1
y e 1 .

Answer is B.

Question 7

2008 MAV Question 9

Answer is E

Question 8

2009 Insight Exam 2 Question 6

Answer is A

Question 9

2009 Kilbaha Question 4

y x 4 into y 3x 6 2 or y 2 3x 6
y y ' 2 and x 3x ' 6 become
x
x ' 2 and y ' y 2 in matrix form
3
4

x
0 x 2
T 3

y 0 1 y 2

Answer is E

Question 10 2009 MAV Question 3

Answer is D

Question 11 2009 Heffernan Question 13

x'

Let represent an image point.

y '
1 0 x 2 x'
0 4 y 3 y '

1 0 x x' 2
0 4 y y ' 3

x 1 4 0 x' 2
y

4 0 1 y ' 3
1 4( x ' 2)

4 1( y ' 3)
2 x'
y' 3
4
So
y x2 1
y '3
becomes
(2 x' ) 2 1
4
y '3 4(2 x' ) 2 4
y ' 4(2 x' ) 2 1

The equation of the image is y 4(2 x) 2 1 .

Answer is E.

Question 12 2009 NEAP Question 9

Answer is A