Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MICROTRAX
Coded Track Circuit
Installation
Operation
Troubleshooting
Copyright 2008
Union Switch & Signal Inc.
SM 6470B, Rev. 1
April 2008
Notices
Proprietary Notice
This document and its contents are the property of Union Switch & Signal Inc. (hereinafter
US&S). This document has been furnished to you on the following conditions: no right or license
under any patents or any other proprietary right in respect of this document or its content is given
or waived in supplying this document. This document or its content are not to be used or treated
in any manner inconsistent with the rights of US&S, or to its detriment, and are not to be copied,
reproduced, disclosed to others, or disposed of except with the prior written consent of US&S.
Important Notice
US&S constantly strives to improve our products and keep our customers apprised of changes in
technology. Following the recommendations contained in the attached service manual will
provide our customers with optimum operational reliability. The data contained herein purports
solely to describe the product, and does not create any warranties.
Within the scope of the attached manual, it is impossible to take into account every eventuality
that may arise with technical equipment in service. Please consult your local US&S sales
representative in the event of any irregularities with our product.
We expressly disclaim liability resulting from any improper handling or use of our equipment,
even if these instructions contain no specific indication in this respect. We strongly recommend
that only approved US&S spare parts are used as replacements.
Revision History
Revision History
ii
REV.
DATE
NATURE OF REVISION
Original
October 1997
April 2008
Original Issue.
Incorporate ECO EE-2006, update
format to current T&D guidelines.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
1.
2.
iii
Table of Contents
3.
4.
iv
INSPECTION .....................................................................................................................................3-1
3.1. Set-Up....................................................................................................................................... 3-1
3.1.1. Power-Up ......................................................................................................................3-1
3.1.2. CPU Module Reset Sequence Displays .......................................................................3-3
3.2. ON-SITE CONFIGURATION WITH PC.................................................................................... 3-4
3.2.1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................3-4
3.2.2. Initial Setup ...................................................................................................................3-5
3.2.3. Restart Program Command (0) ..................................................................................3-10
3.2.4. Read (1) and Set (2) Real Time Clock Commands ....................................................3-10
3.2.5. Display Configuration Command (3) ..........................................................................3-12
3.2.6. Reconfiguration Command (4)....................................................................................3-13
3.2.7. Open Log File Command (8) ......................................................................................3-20
3.2.8. Exit Command (X) ......................................................................................................3-20
3.3. TRACK AND SIGNAL ADJUSTMENT ...................................................................................3-22
3.3.1. Coded Track Circuit Polarity Check............................................................................3-22
3.3.2. General Considerations For Track Circuits ................................................................3-23
3.3.3. Manual Track Circuit Adjustment................................................................................3-25
3.3.4. Shunting Test..............................................................................................................3-26
3.3.5. Front Panel Procedure For Track Circuit Adjustment and Status Display..................3-26
3.3.6. CPU Front Panel Display Status (DISP STAT) .......................................................3-28
3.3.7. Manual Track Circuit Adjustment................................................................................3-29
3.3.8. Track Circuit Operating Margin CPU Module Display .............................................3-30
3.3.9. Display Track Circuit Operating Margin......................................................................3-31
3.3.10. Coded Track Shunting Test ........................................................................................3-31
3.3.11. CPU Front Panel Procedure For Signal Lamp Adjustment ........................................3-32
3.3.12. General Considerations for Signal Lamp Adjustment ................................................3-33
3.3.13. Adjustment of Searchlight Signals ..............................................................................3-33
3.3.14. Adjustment Procedure ................................................................................................3-35
3.3.15. Signal Lamp Voltage Adjustment................................................................................3-35
3.4. MISCELLANEOUS CONTROL FUNCTIONS ........................................................................3-36
3.4.1. Clear Logs and Displayed Events ..............................................................................3-36
3.4.2. Keyboard Input On and Off.........................................................................................3-36
3.4.3. Display Off ..................................................................................................................3-37
MAINTENANCE AND MONITOR......................................................................................................4-1
4.1. PERIODIC INSPECTION ......................................................................................................... 4-1
4.2. System Monitoring .................................................................................................................... 4-2
4.2.1. System Monitoring Via the CPU Front Panel ...............................................................4-2
4.2.2. Display System Status..................................................................................................4-4
4.2.3. Display Events ..............................................................................................................4-5
4.2.4. Display Configuration....................................................................................................4-6
4.2.5. Display Status ...............................................................................................................4-7
4.2.6. Display Track Circuit Operating Margin........................................................................4-8
Table of Contents
5.
6.
Table of Contents
7.
vi
Table of Contents
List of Figures
Figure 1-1.
MICROTRAX
Figure 1-2.
Figure 1-3.
Complete Track Transmit and Receive Cycle Waveform (Typical) ................................. 1-4
Figure 1-4.
Figure 1-5.
Figure 1-6.
Figure 1-7.
Figure 1-8.
Figure 1-9.
Figure 1-10.
Figure 1-11.
MICROTRAX
Figure 1-12.
MICROTRAX
Figure 1-13.
Figure 1-14.
Figure 1-15.
Figure 2-1.
MICROTRAX
Figure 2-2.
Cardfile............................................................................................................................. 2-3
Figure 2-3.
Figure 2-4.
Figure 2-5.
Figure 2-6.
Figure 2-7.
Figure 2-8.
Figure 2-9.
Figure 2-10.
Figure 2-11.
Figure 2-12.
Figure 2-13.
Figure 2-14.
vii
Table of Contents
Figure 3-1.
Figure 3-2.
Figure 3-3.
Figure 3-4.
Figure 3-5.
Figure 4-1.
Figure 5-1.
Figure 5-2.
Figure 5-3.
Figure 5-4.
Figure 5-5.
Figure 5-6.
Figure 5-7.
viii
Table of Contents
List of Tables
Table 1-1.
Table 1-2.
Table 2-1.
Table 2-2.
Table 2-3.
Table 2-4.
Table 3-1.
Table 3-2.
Table 3-3.
Table 3-4.
Table 3-5.
Table 3-6.
Table 3-7.
Table 3-8.
Table 3-9.
Table 3-10.
Table 3-11.
Table 3-12.
Table 3-13.
Table 4-1.
Table 4-2.
Table 4-3.
Table 4-4.
Table 4-5.
Table 4-6.
Table 4-7.
Table 4-8.
Table 4-9.
Table 4-10.
ix
Table of Contents
Table 4-11.
Table 4-12.
Table 4-13.
Table 5-1.
Table 6-1.
Table 6-2.
Table 6-3.
Table 6-4.
Table 6-5.
Table 6-6.
Table 6-7.
Table 6-8.
0BSystem Overview
1.
System Overview
Track circuits in excess of four miles with minimum three ohm ballast.
Configurable software allowing a single "typical" program usable for all customer locations
including control points, intermediate signals, and repeater locations.
Two user-defined fast codes with a six second acceptance time (typically used for
tumbledown and sleep mode).
Quick Shunt mode (reduces shunt time from 612 seconds to 100 milliseconds).
Adjustments for track circuits and signal lighting made from the Central Processing Unit
(CPU) module.
Compatibility with highway crossing motion sensors/predictors without the need for external
blocking units.
The MICROTRAX Coded Track Circuit Unit can function independently, managing track circuits
and controlling signals at an intermediate location, or can be interfaced to a vital relay
interlocking or a master controlling unit such as a MICROTRAX End-of-Siding or MICROLOK
unit. Figure 1-1 shows general examples of the uses of the MICROTRAX Coded Track Circuit
unit.
MICROTRAX
MICROLOK
1-1
0BSystem Overview
Figure 1-1.
1-2
MICROTRAX
0BSystem Overview
MICROTRAX Coded Track Circuit Units can be serially connected to a MICROTRAX End-of-Siding
unit, MICROLOK unit, or other MICROTRAX Coded Track Circuit Units. The system allows as
1-3
0BSystem Overview
Figure 1-3. Complete Track Transmit and Receive Cycle Waveform (Typical)
1-4
0BSystem Overview
1.1. MICROTRAX Coded Track Circuit Unit
The MICROTRAX Coded Track Circuit Unit consists of a cardfile assembly and plug-in modules
of various types (see Figure 1-5). Included within the cardfile is a vital relay mounted in the left
side and slots for seven modules as listed in Table 1-1.
Table 1-1.
SLOT
MODULE
REQUIRED?
Left slot
Always required
Slot #1
Colorlight module, or
Searchlight module, or
Non-Isolated I/O module
Design-dependent
Slot #2
Same as Slot #1
Slot #3
Design-dependent
Slot #4
Always required
Slot #5
Design-dependent
Slot #6
CPU module
Always required
The left side of the upper sloping panel of the unit contains Association of American Railroads
(AAR) terminals for connecting 12 volt (nominal) operating power. The system will operate
with a supply of between 9.8 to 16.2 volts. However, to avoid premature loading of a recharging
battery, the system will not power-up unless the supply is 11.5 volts or higher. When batteries
are used, a constant voltage charger is required. A TransZorb type surge suppressor is connected
between the (+) and () posts to protect against over-voltage and reverse polarity. The On/Off
switch for the unit is located next to the battery terminals.
The right side of the upper sloping panel on the unit contains two 25-pin D-connector RS-232
serial ports that serve as data ports to the CPU module and allow the unit to be serially connected
to a MICROLOK unit or other MICROTRAX units.
The top edge of the unit contains three 22-way screw lock plug connectors for external wiring
interfaces. These connectors mount on a common bar to allow simultaneous removal. A label
located on the upper sloping panel shows correct wire connections for the required application
(refer to Section 1.16 for additional wiring information).
1-5
0BSystem Overview
1-6
0BSystem Overview
Polarity must be staggered or alternated across a set of insulated joints. For example, if the
north rail is positive on the left side of the joints, the north rail must be negative on the right
side of the joints.
The rail must have the same polarity at both ends of the same circuit.
Because the coding format is low frequency AC, track circuit lengths in the range of 22,000 feet
at 3 ohms ballast/1000 feet are attained. Refer to Section 2.8.5 for allowable track circuit lengths
and associated parameters.
The track code signal is connected to the rails through a Track Interface Panel that contains a
transformer and low impedance inductor(s). There are four different types of single-track
interface panels that provide an inductance ranging from 10 to 40 mH. The 10 mH panel offers
about 10 ohms impedance at 150 Hz and proportionately more impedance at higher frequencies.
This makes the MICROTRAX system compatible with highway crossing motion and predictor
equipment without need of external blocking units. The 15 mH panel is designed for maximum
compatibility with 86 Hz crossing predictors, and should be used where there is 60 Hz
interference.
NOTE
Do not use wide-band joint couplers. Do not use wide-band shunts
as joint couplers.
For areas where there is 60 Hz interference, a Termination Capacitor Printed Circuit Board
(PCB) may be mounted on the interface panel as a noise filter.
1-7
0BSystem Overview
For heavy traffic applications where the fastest possible train shunt detection is needed or where
a detection zone is required to release a switch lock, an optional Quick Shunt Module is
provided. This unit reduces the normal shunt detection time of 612 seconds to about 100
milliseconds. The module contains circuitry for independent train detection on both sides of an
insulated joint. One unit services both adjacent track circuits at an intermediate location, with
connections run to both Track Interface Panels. Any inputs on the MICROTRAX cardfile may be
used to receive quick shunt inputs (see Figure 1-7).
The circuitry of the module includes an audio frequency transmitting source and an output
transformer with two secondary windings, each having conditioning circuitry in series with their
respective outputs. The output of the module is a DC voltage that decreases significantly when a
shunt is detected. There are two independent receivers tuned to the system transmitting
frequency which connect to the track interface panel(s). With this configuration, true shunt
mode operation is attained without the need for separate track termination leads. Inputs from the
quick shunt module may be applied to any MICROTRAX module with input capability (Lamp
Driver, Isolated I/O, Non-Isolated I/O). Inputs operate at a threshold of 8.0 volts (nominal) and
are calibrated like a vital relay, except that there is virtually no difference between pick-up and
drop-away voltages.
1-8
1
1
0BSystem Overview
1-9
0BSystem Overview
The detection zone (when used as a switch lock release) of the Quick Shunt Module is limited to
about 75 feet. The length of the Quick Shunt track circuit may be extended if the transmitter and
receiver track terminations are separated. The actual length of operation is based upon many
factors including rail, ballast, and track lead length. The Quick Shunt module can also be used
instead of a DC track circuit for short Over Switch (OS) circuits used to protect a switch. In this
application, the transmitter and receiver leads must be connected at opposite ends of the track.
NOTE
The MICROTRAX unit must be programmed to declare a shunt when
the designated input is detected as off.
1.2.2.
Sleep Mode
The MICROTRAX system can be turned turn off to conserve power until new codes appear on the
track. The logic may be programmed to enter Sleep Mode when certain conditions exist. For
example, in a territory with low traffic activity, the dispatcher can instruct a Master end unit to
enter Sleep Mode. This Master unit then transmits the Sleep Mode (code c) to its Slave unit.
That Slave then propagates the Sleep Mode code to the next unit and places itself into Sleep
Mode. The sequence cascades down the entire territory, putting all MICROTRAX units into
Sleep Mode. When units are to be reactivated, the Master end unit will again transmit codes
other than Sleep Mode (code c), and all units down the line will sequentially exit Sleep Mode.
1.3.
MICROTRAX
Processor Control
The MICROTRAX Coded Track Circuit system is managed by a single microprocessor and
standard Executive software located on the CPU module. The CPU module is responsible for the
following basic functions:
1-10
0BSystem Overview
CPU communication with all other modules is carried over a common data bus. Successful
diagnostic tests result in a 250 Hz output to a conditional power supply on the System Power
Supply module, which energizes the Vital Cut-Off Relay (VCOR). Vital or critical faults
detected within the system cause this relay to de-energize and remove power from all outputs.
There are three operational modes associated with the MICROTRAX system: Normal, Selective
Shutdown, and Full Shutdown. If all diagnostic tests pass, the CPU maintains the system in
Normal mode.
After a critical failure is detected, the unit resets, goes through the power-up sequence, and
attempts normal operation. However, if five critical errors occur within 40 seconds of
operational time, the unit enters Selective Shutdown mode. In this mode, the VCOR
de-energizes and all I/O de-activates; but, track communications can continue. This feature
allows trains to approach the affected location even when the outputs are de-energized and
prevent the signals from clearing.
If the unit is currently in Selective Shutdown mode and another five critical errors within 40
seconds of operational time, the unit enters Full Shutdown mode and all operations (including
track communication) stop.
1.4. Signal Lighting/Mechanism Control
MICROTRAX Coded Track units can provide direct control of colorlight or searchlight signals.
Signal lamp outputs are regulated and do not require use of external adjustment resistors.
Adjustment of the lamps for proper lamp voltage and intensity can be performed at the
MICROTRAX unit. (For adjustment procedures, refer to Section 3.3.11.)
Hot and cold filament checks and searchlight mechanism checks are provided. These features
allow the designer (through application logic) to provide orderly signal light-out downgrades in
advance and report light-out conditions to the control point for maintainer attention. Power for
all signal lamp and mechanism outputs is passed through contacts of the VCOR (refer to Section
1.7). Both the searchlight and the colorlight modules also have two isolated inputs available.
1.5. Vital Isolated Inputs/Outputs
The MICROTRAX Coded Track units provide isolated inputs and outputs for remote equipment
located outside of the case or house using double break circuit design. Isolation from the battery
is required to prevent interference from external voltage transients such as lightning. Each
isolated output can operate a switch lock coil and/or any 12 volt relay with at least 150 ohms
resistance. The isolated I/O module contains four inputs and two outputs.
1-11
0BSystem Overview
1.6. Vital Non-Isolated Inputs/Outputs
units provide logic inputs and outputs that do not require isolation from battery.
These are used for I/O within the MICROTRAX equipment case or house. Non-isolated I/O are
typically used in an interface to a relay-based interlocking control system. Two versions of this
module (12 volt outputs driving minimum 65 ohm coils or 24 volt outputs driving minimum 130
ohm coils) are available. The non-isolated module contains four inputs and four outputs.
MICROTRAX
1-12
0BSystem Overview
1-13
0BSystem Overview
The MICROTRAX unit is capable of operating with various I/O configurations using the same
program. This feature allows the flexibility of using one program in different locations with
varying I/O combinations. The site-specific application logic software for the MICROTRAX unit
contains a section labeled Configuration that allows the user to customize a single program
to multiple or different type locations. MICROTRAX Application Logic Programming Manual SM
6470A provides direction on the structure and format of the MICROTRAX program.
Site-specific configuration programming (such as unit ID and number of signal heads) is
contained in an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM) mounted
on the motherboard in the MICROTRAX cardfile, not the CPU module. This allows CPU modules
to be interchanged between cardfiles without having to transfer EPROMs. Configuration
programming is applied through a separate RS-232 serial port on the CPU module, using a
portable computer. This same port is also available for system debugging and maintenance.
1.10. Power
The MICROTRAX unit is powered from a single 12V (nominal) battery. The system will operate
with an input supply of 9.8 to 16.2V. To avoid premature loading of a recharging battery,
however, the input supply must be at least 11.5V to initialize the system. System current
requirements are based on a 1.0A load for the unit, plus any current load required for signal
lighting. While in Sleep Mode, the unit current load is reduced to only 50 mA.
1.11. Unit Grounding
Do not ground the MICROTRAX cardfile chassis. High ground potential could create undesirable
current paths through the system. Fiberglass mounting brackets are available to electrically
insulate the cardfile. The Track Interface Panel and optional Quick Shunt Module also do not
require chassis grounds.
1.12. Mounting and Environment
Coded Track Circuit Unit cardfiles may be mounted on a wall, shelf, or standard 19
inch equipment rack using the fiberglass mounting brackets. Keep the cardfile away from
sources of excessive heat or battery vapors. Positive ventilation is not required. Cardfile
operating ambient temperature limits are 40 to +70C.
MICROTRAX
Track Interface Panels, when mounted in the same location, must be separated by at least
18 inches to minimize magnetic interference between panels. The panels can also be mounted
close to the track to minimize the length of heavy track cable. If this is done, the panels should
be mounted in a ventilated, protective box and placed where water cannot accumulate.
Temperature limits on the panels are the same as those for the cardfiles.
1-14
0BSystem Overview
NOTE
The wiring between the Track Board and the Track Interface Panel
must be a twisted pair with three to four twists per foot. This
twisted pair must then be separated from any "dirty" wiring (such
as relay and relay control wiring) by at least six inches.
1-15
0BSystem Overview
1-16
0BSystem Overview
1.14. General Wiring Practices
installations should be configured to minimize cross talk between wires. Dirty
wiring (control wiring connections to external equipment) should be separated as much as
possible from wires carrying electronic data signals. Cables and wires in general should be kept
as short as possible to minimize induced line noise. Case and house wiring layouts should also
be arranged to minimize noise. Switch heater wire runs, track leads, switch machine power
wiring, and any other noisy wiring should be separated as much as possible from MICROTRAX
wiring, both in the case or house and in outside cable runs. Battery lead length should also be
minimized and isolated as much as possible from noisy wiring.
MICROTRAX
1-17
0BSystem Overview
1-18
0BSystem Overview
Table 1-2.
CONNECTOR POSITION
Left TB1
Non-isolated module
mounted in Slot #1
PIN-OUTS
PURPOSE
1, 2
4, 5
8-12
9-12
14-18
15-18
20, 21
1, 2, 4, 5, 8
Left TB1
Colorlight or Searchlight
module mounted in Slot #1
Center TB2
Colorlight or Searchlight
module mounted in Slot #2
9,12
14
Non-isolated module
mounted in Slot #2
15-18
20, 21
1, 2
4, 5
8-12
9-12
14-18
15 18
1, 2, 4, 5, 8
Center TB2
9,12
14
15-18
Right TB3
6-7, 15-16
Isolated module
mounted in Slot #3
9-10, 12-13
18-19, 21-22
Right TB3
1, 2
Track module
mounted in Slot #4
3, 4
18-19, 21-22
1-19
0BSystem Overview
1.16.2. Track Polarity
CAUTION
Track polarity between adjacent tracks must be reversed to protect
against a unit communicating through a faulty insulated joint
connection.
Figure 1-7 shows how to connect the track interface panels to the rails so that proper polarity is
established between adjacent track circuit blocks. To confirm proper track circuit polarity, use
the procedure in Section 3.3.1.
1.17. Wiring of Serial Communication Ports
cardfiles are equipped with two 25-pin D-connectors that serve as RS-232 serial
data ports to the CPU Module. Figure 1-11 shows the daisy chain wiring concept. Figure 1-12
through Figure 1-15 further show the general cabling application of these ports.
MICROTRAX
1-20
0BSystem Overview
Figure 1-11.
MICROTRAX
1-21
0BSystem Overview
Figure 1-12.
1-22
MICROTRAX
0BSystem Overview
1-23
0BSystem Overview
1-24
2.
A complete MICROTRAX Coded Track Circuit system consists of a cardfile assembly with plug-in
modules and one track interface panel per operating track. Plug-in modules are mounted in the
cardfile assembly as required to operate the specific location (see Figure 2-1).
2.1. MICROTRAX Coded Track Circuit Unit Cardfile
The unit cardfile (N451812-4101), see Figure 2-2, is designed for standard 19 inch rack, shelf, or
wall mounting. Fiberglass mounting brackets on the cardfile inhibit transient electrical currents
that might interfere with circuit operation. Plug-in modules with front panels are inserted to
form a complete front control and display panel. Certain slots are dedicated to specific types of
modules, while other slots can accept different types of modules. Empty slots are covered with
blank panels.
Plug-in modules and Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are arranged in the cardfile according to the
system requirements. A MICROTRAX plug-in module is a printed circuit board with a built-in
front control and display panel, while a PCB is a printed circuit board without a front panel.
Plug-in modules attach to the cardfile with top and bottom thumbscrews. Alphanumeric LEDs
visible for monitoring and toggle switches and potentiometers for adjustment are accessible
though the front panel.
Battery power is connected to AAR terminal posts on the top sloping panel of the cardfile. A
TransZorb-type surge suppressor is connected between the (+) and () posts to protect against
over-voltage and reverse polarity. All other external wire connections are made on three 22-way
screw lock plug connectors along the top edge of the cardfile. These connectors mount on a
common bar to allow simultaneous removal.
The upper sloping panel of the MICROTRAX cardfile also contains the power On/Off switch,
25-pin D serial data port connectors, and a label with basic application wiring diagrams. The
MICROTRAX cardfile includes a US&S PN-150B relay (400 ohm) in the left-hand bay that serves
as the cut-off for all vital outputs. The relay is covered with a removable panel.
2-1
1
Twisted pair (3-4 twists per
foot) and separated from
"dirty" wiring (i.e., relay and
relay control) by at least 6
inches.
1
1
Figure 2-1.
2-2
MICROTRAX
2-3
System Power Supply Required for system operation (see Figure 2-5).
Searchlight Lamp Driver Required for searchlight signals (see Figure 2-7).
Colorlight Lamp Driver Required for colorlight signals (see Figure 2-8).
Figure 2-4 through Figure 2-11 also provide the description and function for each module.
2.3. Track Interface Panel
The types of track interface panels that can be used with the MICROTRAX Coded Track Unit are:
Table 2-1.
DESCRIPTION
US&S PART
NUMBER
N451835-0101
N451835-0102
The Track Interface Panels (see Figure 2-12) carry all track code communications between the
rails and the MICROTRAX cardfile and serve as a filter for unwanted track signals and voltage
transients. Panel components include a transformer and an inductor. Components are mounted
on a heavy duty stamped steel base intended for wall or shelf mounting. All wiring is terminated
on two, 2-post AAR terminal blocks.
The 10 mH panel is intended for general application while the 15 mH panel is designed for
maximum compatibility in territories with 86-Hz highway crossing predictor circuits and in areas
of 60 Hz noise interference. The Termination Capacitor PCB (N16401801) is used for filtering
in territories where there is 60 Hz interference. This unit is mounted on the track interface panel
and is connected across the line terminals of the unit.
2-4
VCOR
Relay
Power
Supply
Non-isolated
or
Colorlight
or
Searchlight
Non-isolated
or
Colorlight
or
Searchlight
Isolated
Track
Sleep
CPU
Slot #1
Slot #2
Slot #3
Slot #4
Slot #5
Slot #6
2-5
2-6
2-7
2-8
2-9
2-10
2-11
2-12
2-13
2-14
2-15
Physical/Mechanical Specifications
Cardfile Dimensions:
Unit Weights:
Operating Power
System Battery Voltage:
System Start Minimum Voltage:
Battery Ripple:
Built-In Suppression:
Current (In-Service, Steady State):
Required Charger:
Short Circuits:
Circuit Breaker:
2-16
2-17
I/O Power
Signal Lamp Drive:
Signal Lamp Adjustment
Non-Isolated Inputs:
Non-Isolated Outputs:
Module N451910-6601:
Module N451910-6602:
Isolated Inputs:
Isolated Outputs:
2.8.4.
2.8.5.
Table 2-2.
2-18
Up to 23,000 feet.
(@ 3 ohms/1000 feet ballast).
WELDED RAIL*
WEIGHT
@3 OHMS
BALLAST
@4 OHMS
@5 OHMS
100#
21,000 ft
25,000 ft
29,000 ft
118#
22,000 ft
26,000 ft
30,000 ft
136#
22,000 ft
27,000 ft
31,000 ft
145#
23,000 ft
27,000 ft
32,000 ft
BONDED RAIL*
WEIGHT
@3 OHMS
BALLAST
@4 OHMS
@5 OHMS
100#
18k ft.
22k ft.
25,000 ft
118#
19k ft.
23k ft.
26,000 ft
136#
19k ft.
23k ft.
27,000 ft
145#
20k ft.
25k ft.
27,000 ft
*Assumes 100 foot or shorter #6 AWG (0.78 ohm) track leads at both ends.
For longer leads, reduce maximum distance by 1000 feet for each additional
100 foot lead.
NOTE
Reduce track circuit length by 1000 feet for each switch circuit
controller through which the track circuit passes.
Track Codes:
Code Format:
Message Characteristics:
2.8.6.
Serial Communications
Cardfile Serial Data Ports:
Communications Modes:
2-19
2.8.7.
2.8.8.
Miscellaneous
Track Interface Module:
Cardfile Vibration:
Temperature Range:
2-20
Serial Communications
Adapter Panel:
Power Input:
US&S PN-150B
(part no. N322500-701)
Coil: 400 ohms
Contacts: 6 FB Std.
Energization: 0.0132 A, 5.3 Vdc
Reference: US&S SM-4596
Part No: N451460-3001
+5 Vdc 5% @ 100 mA
5 Vdc 5% @ 100 mA
(PCB component power)
9.9 to 16.2 VDC @ 200 mA
12 VDC nominal
N451812-4101
CPU Module
N451910-0103
Power Supply
N166003-01
N451910-1501
N451910-7301
N451910-1901
Non-Isolated I/O
N451910-6601
N451910-6602
Isolated I/O
N451910-2101
Track Interface
N451910-0701
Sleep Mode
N451910-2301
Quick Shunt
N451052-4601
N451850-2902
N451850-2901
N451910-7201
X451812-4102
Relay PN-150B
N322500-701
2-21
PART NUMBER
N451835-0101
N451835-0102
Termination PCB
N16401801
N451460-3001
N1640801
Software Development
2-22
Disc 3-1/2
N451232-0119
Disc 5-1/4
N451800-0301
2BInspection
3.
Inspection
3.1. Set-Up
Following the proper mounting and external wiring (input power and I/O requirements) of the
associated MICROTRAX system equipment as described in Section 1 of this manual, the unit will
be ready for initialization and on-site set-up including adjustment of tracks and signals as
required. Ensure that all of the Executive and application EPROMS have been installed on the
CPU module prior to power-up.
3.1.1.
Power-Up
When a MICROTRAX unit is powered-up, the following indications and displays should occur:
1. The System Power Supply module:
The green 5V ON LED should light steadily indicating that the power supply is providing
a +5 VDC output to all internal circuits.
2. On the Power Supply module, the green FAILOVER RELAY LED should remain dark
while the CPU initializes (about 15 seconds). If no internal or external faults are
detected, this LED should light steadily when the VCOR relay energizes. If any faults
are detected and the VCOR does not energize, refer to Section 4.3 to evaluate the event or
error.
NOTE
The green fail-over relay LED will not light if the MICROTRAX
unit has not been configured. Refer to Section 3.2 for how to
configure the unit.
3. On the CPU module, the following displays should occur:
a. At the moment of power-up, the top and bottom LED displays should run through the
following sequence:
RES
RAM
RES
PROM
RES
BUS
RES
CPS
3-1
2BInspection
b. After the initialization is complete, the upper display on the CPU module should
scroll US&S MICROTRAX. The lower display should show the revision number of the
executive software installed in the system. The revision number is in the format
RV X.
c. STATUS LED 1 (red) should remain dark during the CPU initialization period. If no
internal or external faults are detected, this LED should then flash once per second.
d. STATUS LED 2 (yellow) should remain dark until the non-vital input is activated via
toggle switches (refer to Section 3.3).
e. STATUS LED 3 (green) should light indicating proper continuity on the CPU
backplane bus.
f. WATCHDOG LED (red) should light during the first part of the CPU initialization
period. If no internal or external faults are detected, this LED should remain lit.
4. Track Interface Module:
All LEDs should remain dark at power up until the unit is initialized and the track codes
attempt to transmit or receive.
5. Colorlight or Searchlight Driver Module:
All LEDs should remain dark at power up until the unit is initialized and the Cold
Filament Test begins to execute and/or lamp driver outputs are turned on or isolated
inputs are received.
6. Isolated I/O Module:
All LEDs should remain dark at power up until the unit is initialized and the cold
Filament Test begins to execute and/or lamp driver outputs are turned on or isolated
inputs are received.
7. Non-Isolated I/O Module:
All LEDs should remain dark at power up until the unit is initialized and non-isolated
outputs are delivered on and/or inputs received.
8. Sleep Mode Module:
SLEEP MODE (FLASHING) LED should remain dark until the unit is initialized and the
unit enters the Sleep Mode.
3-2
2BInspection
3.1.2.
During the unit reset process, several internal tests are performed to verify the integrity of the
overall system. During each of these steps, the displays on the CPU module identify which
diagnostic is being performed:
1. The first action performed is a set of microprocessor diagnostics. These diagnostics
verify that the microprocessor is capable of running correctly. If these diagnostics pass,
the upper display will show RES. If the display does not show RES, the microprocessor
may be faulty.
2. The next action is a RAM test. At the start of this test, the displays will show RES
RAM. This test verifies all RAM in the system. If this message does not appear, or only
appears very briefly, then there may be a memory problem.
3. The next diagnostic performed is an EPROM test. At the start of this test, the displays
will show RES PROM. If this does not appear, the fault may be related to the EPROM.
The displays must be watched very carefully because information may only appear very
briefly.
For example, if the PROM test fails at the very beginning, it may be difficult to see the
RES PROM message. It may appear that the system is still doing the RAM test.
4. The next test performed is the BUS test. During this test, the bus is verified to make sure
that the correct modules are installed for the application and that no extra modules are
present.
During this test the displays will show RES BUS. If an incorrect module is installed,
however, this message will only be displayed for an instant. The display must be
watched very carefully for this message.
It is difficult to determine if an error is occurring during the PROM or the BUS test. To
verify which test is failing, watch the LEDs on the CPU Module. LED #3 (green) flashes
at the beginning of the BUS test. The instant the display changes from PROM to BUS,
the green LED is flashed. If this LED does not flash, the PROM test has failed. If it
does flash, the BUS test has failed.
5. After the bus has been verified, time is allotted for the picking of the CPS. During this
time, the display will show RES CPS. During this time, output monitors are read to
verify that no output is turned "On." After sufficient time has elapsed for the CPS to
pick, the system then goes into the operational mode.
If the CPS test starts, this indicates the correct input/output modules are installed in the
cardfile. If the unit fails after the CPS test starts, it is likely that an I/O module is faulty,
or there is an external I/O problem, or the VCOR is faulty.
3-3
2BInspection
3.2. ON-SITE CONFIGURATION WITH PC
3.2.1. Introduction
*** Configuration can only be accomplished through the use of a PC. ***
This section gives procedures for on-site configuration programming of the MICROTRAX unit
using a PC. On-site configuration may only be accomplished if the application software has
been designed to permit the unit to be configured.
See the Application Programming manual SM-6470A for directions on how to set up
configuration items. Below is the list of items that may be configured:
Logic Version
If the MICROTRAX unit is already configured, different start-up screens will appear on the PC. PC
communication COM-1 or COM-2 may be used for the MICROTRAX connection. Use a null
modem cable with a 9-pin plug for the MICROTRAX end (see Figure 1-14) for cable wiring. The
PC baud rate is selected prior to the start-up, while the CPU Module baud rate is set with a DIP
switch on the modules circuit board (refer to Section 3.2.2).
3-4
2BInspection
3.2.2.
Initial Setup
Prior to unit initialization, DIP switches on the CPU module must be set to the proper position
and jumpers need to be checked for proper locations (See Figure 3-1).
1. With the MICROTRAX unit power OFF, pull out the CPU Module.
2. DIP switch SW1 (4 rockers) on the CPU Module must be set prior to cut-in. Switch
options are listed in Table 3-1.
Table 3-1.
ROCKER
POSITION
Closed
Open
Closed **
Open
Closed **
Open
COMMENTS
For front panel 9-pin interface to the on-site PC.
When active, switch causes system to log
events 1 to 45*:
Errors/warnings
Track shunted
User-defined events
When active, switch causes system to log
events 1 to 35*:
Errors/warnings
User-defined events
When active, switch causes system to log
events 1 to 85*:
2 and 3
Open
Log all
Closed
Open***
Errors/warnings
Track shunted
User-defined events
Bad messages
Shunt removed
Display remains on after 25 minutes of non-use.
Reset system to enable this switch.
If none of the toggle switches are used for 25
minutes, displays are turned off to conserve
power. Reset system to enable this switch.
Refer to Section 4.2.3 for accessing event code displays on the CPU alphanumeric LEDs, and
Section 6 for definitions of the code.
**
***
In addition to the CPU display being turned off, track interface module LEDs will also be turned off.
3-5
2BInspection
3-6
2BInspection
On DIP switch SW3, check that rocker #5 is CLOSED. This position is required for
normal operation of the system. All other rockers on this switch should be OPEN.
The CPU Module contains nine jumper locations. The positions of these jumpers must
not be changed in the field. Before putting the CPU Module into service, check that
jumper positions conform to Table 3-2.
Table 3-2.
JUMPER
NUMBER
POSITION
FUNCTION
JP1
WDE
JP2
SHORT
JP3
NA
Not used
JP4
485+
Select 485
JP5
423+
Select 423
JP6
EPROM
JP7
423-
Select 423
JP8
PFE
JP9
JP10
INT
3-7
2BInspection
Current MICROTRAX/PC Communications Link
M I C R O T R A X
CONFIGURATION PACKAGE
Version 3.00
Copyright 1992, Revised 1994
Union Switch & Signal Inc.
Communication Cable Connected To - -> COM2 :
MICROTRAX
7. If (Y) is selected and the settings are correct, communications between the PC and the
MICROTRAX are established as shown below.
Communications Link-Up Active
M I C R O T R A X
CONFIGURATION PACKAGE
Version 3.00
Copyright 1992, Revised 1994
Union Switch & Signal Inc.
Connect Cable to COM2:
Current MICROTRAX Time:
02-21-95 15:47:57
3-8
Unit
Current PC Time:
02-21-1995 15:47:58
MICROTRAX
2BInspection
8. If (N) is selected, the screen will display the selections shown below.
Non-Configured MICROTRAX Unit
M I C R O T R A X
CONFIGURATION PACKAGE
Version 3.00
Copyright 1992, Revised 1994
Union Switch & Signal Inc.
Select Communication Port:
1 - Communication Port 1
(COM Port 1)
2 - Communication Port 2
(COM Port 2)
3-9
2BInspection
9. As instructed on the screen, press any key to continue on to the main menu.
Configuration Program Main Menu
M I C R O T R A X
CONFIGURATION PACKAGE
Version 3.00
Copyright 1992, Revised 1994
Union Switch & Signal Inc.
0
1
3
8
3.2.3.
Select a command
restart program
read real time clock
display configuration
open log file
Enter a command --->
2
4
x
This command returns the program back to the prompts for the PC communications port and
baud rate selections (see sample screen in Section 3.2.2 Step 8).
3.2.4.
The Read Real Time Clock command screen shows the current MICROTRAX and PC date/time.
The Set Real Time Clock command shows the current PC date/time and asks if the MICROTRAX
date/time should be updated. If (Y) is entered, the MICROTRAX system resets itself to the current
PC date/time. If any key except (Y) is not entered, the current MICROTRAX time and date is
retained.
3-10
2BInspection
Read Real Time Clock
M I C R O T R A X
CONFIGURATION PACKAGE
Version 3.00
Copyright 1992, Revised 1994
Union Switch & Signal Inc.
Select a command
restart program
read real time clock
display configuration
open log file
Enter a command --->
Processing Command
Current MICROTRAX Time:
02-21-95
15:52:07
0
1
3
8
2
4
x
Current PC Time
02-21-1995
15:52:09
clock.
exit - ->
3-11
2BInspection
3.2.5.
The Display Configuration command loads the configuration from the MICROTRAX system to
the PC for user review. Note that the dates/times displayed (last configuration and last track
adjustment) are not the system clock date/time as shown in menu commands 1 and 2.
When (C) (Current) is pressed, the program shows the current Track A/Track B lengths, Track
A/Track B enabled/disabled status, board (module) types and cardfile locations, board
enabled/disabled status, slave port parameters, and user bit values (if any). Note that all
configurable items are marked with an asterisk (*) and that no unit type (end or intermediate) is
specified in this particular example (no unit type is a valid entry). Also note that this particular
configuration has only one user-defined configuration item. This item is assigned a value during
the configuration process. This variable can then be used in the application logic.
When (D) (Default) is pressed, the program shows default values for the system parameters.
NOTE
The examples shown are based on specific MICROTRAX application
logic programming. Displays will vary considerably with other
application programs.
Press (X) to exit the Display Configuration program.
Display Current Configuration Values
M I C R O T R A X
CONFIGURATION PACKAGE
Version 3.00
Copyright 1992, Revised 1994
Union Switch & Signal Inc.
Last Config:
02-21-95
16:05:34
Last Trk Adjst: 00-00-00 00:00:00
Logic Version =>
0
Unit Type =>
Sleep Mode =>
Disabled
TRACK BOARD DISABLED*
TRACK A Length: 20 Kft*
DISABLED*
TRACK B Length: 20 Kft* DISABLED*
BOARD 1
SEARCH LIGHT I/O*
HEAD 2 ENABLED
BOARD 2
DISABLED
BOARD 3
DISABLED
LCP
DISABLED
Serial SLAVE
DISABLED
Address: 0
Stale Data Timeout:
4.0 sec
KeyOn Delay: 20* msec. KeyOff Delay:
10* msec.
Baud Rate: 2400*
BPS
Bit #
Item
String
Value
Bit #
Item String
Value
143
APPROACH NORTH
1
3-12
2BInspection
Display Default Configuration Values
M I C R O T R A X
CONFIGURATION PACKAGE
Version 3.00
Copyright 1992, Revised 1994
Union Switch & Signal Inc.
Last Config:
02-21-95
16:05:34
Last Trk Adjst: 00-00-00 00:00:00
Logic Version =>
0
Unit Type =>
Sleep Mode =>
Disabled
TRACK BOARD DISABLED*
TRACK A Length: 20 Kft*
DISABLED*
TRACK B Length: 20 Kft* DISABLED*
BOARD 1
DISABLED
BOARD 2
DISABLED
BOARD 3
DISABLED
LCP
ENABLED
Serial SLAVE
DISABLED
Bit #
143
3.2.6.
Item
String
APPROACH NORTH
Value
1
Bit #
Item String
Value
The Reconfiguration Command permits actual reconfiguration of the MICROTRAX unit. When
the command is executed, the required steps in the reconfiguration process are shown.
The Reconfiguration Program can only be used with entry of the proper password. New
MICROTRAX units received from the factory are programmed with MICROTRAX (capital letters
only) as the initial password. This can be changed during the reconfiguration process.
1. After the command is executed and the directions are displayed, the proper password must be
entered. If the password entered was not correct, an error will be displayed and a prompt will
appear asking the user to retry the password.
2. As indicated on the response screen, press the RESET button on the MICROTRAX unit within
30 seconds of entering the password on the PC.
3. Also as indicated, wait until CNFG MODE is displayed on the four-character CPU module
displays and press any PC key to continue the reconfiguration program.
4. Like the Display Configuration program, (C) or (D) may be pressed to show the current or
default system configurations. The resulting screen displays have the same general format as
the Display Configuration command.
3-13
2BInspection
5. When (X) is pressed, the screen indicates that the default and current values for each
configuration parameter are displayed, along with instructions on how to enter a new
parameter value. When any key is pressed, all configurable parameters are sequentially
displayed and the user is prompted to enter the new values.
6. After the last reconfiguration parameter is entered, the system goes back to the summary
display of the parameter selections. Note the prompt on this screen. This prompt enables
the user to accept the parameter changes (A), retry the changes as needed (R), or exit the
program (changes not implemented).
7. If (X) is pressed, the reconfiguration process is aborted and any changes are lost. If (A) is
pressed, the user is given the option of changing the password. If (Y) is pressed, a new
password is entered and reconfirmed. The new password is only stored in the units
EEPROM if the entire configuration process is completed.
8. After the changes are accepted, the system allows the user to perform a final review of the
parameter selections and provides a prompt (T) for transferring the configuration data to the
MICROTRAX EEPROM (see the sample screen on Page 3-20). Note that the date of the
reconfiguration is now updated.
9. When the prompt Please Reset Your MICROTRAX Unit appears, press the RESET
button on the CPU Module. The reconfiguration process is complete and another main menu
item may be selected.
NOTE
The examples shown are based on specific MICROTRAX application
logic programming. Displays will vary considerably with other
application programs.
3-14
2BInspection
Password Prompt
M I C R O T R A X
CONFIGURATION PACKAGE
Version 3.00
Copyright 1992, Revised 1994
Union Switch & Signal Inc.
Please enter the password ?
Changing Password
M I C R O T R A X
CONFIGURATION PACKAGE
Version 3.00
Copyright 1992, Revised 1994
Union Switch & Signal Inc.
Please enter the new password? MICROTRAX
Please confirm the new password? MICROTRAX
The new password has been accepted into the MICROTRAX RAM.
It will be transferred into the EEPROM when the unit is configured.
Press any key when ready to continue.
3-15
2BInspection
Reconfiguration Program Structure
M I C R O T R A X
CONFIGURATION PACKAGE
Version 3.00
Copyright 1992, Revised 1994
Union Switch & Signal Inc.
The Configuration Process will consist of the following steps:
- Password Verification
- Review Current and Default Configuration
- Select New Configuration Values
- Review New Configuration Values
- Download New Configuration Values
- Upload and Confirm New Configuration Values
- Transfer the New Configuration Data to the EEPROM
3-16
2BInspection
Sample Reconfiguration: Track Parameters
ITEM
TRACK
Enter
ITEM
TRACK
Enter
ITEM
TRACK
Enter
ITEM
TRACK
Enter
ITEM
TRACK
Enter
DEFAULT
A Enable
1
the new value or press
DEFAULT
A Length
26
the new value or press
DEFAULT
B Enable
1
the new value or press
DEFAULT
B Length
26
the new value or press
DEFAULT
B Board
1
the new value or press
return to
return to
return to
return to
return to
CURRENT
1
retain the
CURRENT
26
retain the
CURRENT
1
retain the
CURRENT
26
retain the
CURRENT
0
retain the
current
current
current
current
current
INPUT RANGE
0,1
value ==> 1
INPUT RANGE
0-36K Feet
value ==> 26
INPUT RANGE
0,1
value ==> 1
INPUT RANGE
0-36K Feet
value ==> 26
INPUT RANGE
0,1
value ==> 1
Result: First cardfile I/O slot is set up for a Non-Isolated I/O Module. Second slot is set up for
a Colorlight Lamp Driver Module. Third slot is set up for an Isolated I/O Module.
3-17
2BInspection
Sample Reconfiguration: Signal Head 2 Board Enable/Disable
ITEM
BOARD
Enter
ITEM
BOARD
Enter
DEFAULT
CURRENT
INPUT RANGE
1 Head 2 Enable
1
1
0,1
the new value or press return to retain the current value ==> 0
DEFAULT
CURRENT
INPUT RANGE
2 Head 2 Enable
1
1
0,1
the new value or press return to retain the current value ==> 1
Result: Second signal head enabled for operation by Colorlight Lamp Driver Module.
Sample Reconfiguration: Communications Link to Slave Unit
ITEM
DEFAULT
CURRENT
INPUT RANGE
SLAVE Enable
0
0
0,1
Enter the new value or press return to retain the current value ==> 1
ITEM
DEFAULT
CURRENT
INPUT RANGE
SLAVE Address
0
0
0 - 15
Enter the new value or press return to retain the current value ==> 1
ITEM
DEFAULT
CURRENT
INPUT RANGE
SLAVE Baud Rate
3
4
1 - 6
Enter the new value or press return to retain the current value ==> 2
ITEM
DEFAULT
CURRENT
INPUT RANGE
SLAVE Address
0
0
0 - 15
Enter the new value or press return to retain the current value ==> 1
ITEM
DEFAULT
CURRENT
INPUT RANGE
SLAVE Keyon Delay
0
50
0 - 255ms
Enter the new value or press return to retain the current value ==> 75
ITEM
DEFAULT
CURRENT
INPUT RANGE
SLAVE Keyoff Delay
0
50
0 - 255ms
Enter the new value or press return to retain the current value ==> 75
ITEM
DEFAULT
CURRENT
INPUT RANGE
SLAVE Stale Data Time Out
10
20
0-100 100 msec. tics
Enter the new value or press return to retain the current value ==>
Result: Communications link to MICROLOK or MICROLOK PLUS unit (or MICROTRAX EOS Serial
communications Controller Module) is enabled (previously disabled). This unit has a Slave
address of (1). Link to operate at 300 baud with key-on and key-off delays of 75 milliseconds.
Stale data time out retained at 2000 milliseconds.
3-18
2BInspection
Sample Reconfiguration: Sleep Mode
ITEM
DEFAULT
CURRENT
INPUT RANGE
Sleep Mode
0
0
0 - 1
Enter the new value or press return to retain the current value ==> 0
DEFAULT
1
CURRENT
1
INPUT RANGE
0,1
This section allows entry of the user-defined configuration items. When (A) (configuration
accepted) is entered, the prompt changes to show that the Reconfiguration mode password may
be changed at this point. When changing the password, the same prompt appears as shown on
the initial entry screen for the Reconfiguration mode.
3-19
2BInspection
Sample Reconfiguration: Final Review of New Configuration Values
Last Config:
02-21-95
16:05:34
Last Trk Adjst: 00-00-00
00:00:00
Logic Version =>
0
Unit Type =>
Sleep Mode =>
Disabled
TRACK BOARD DISABLED*
TRACK A Length: 20 Kft*
DISABLED*
TRACK B Length: 20 Kft* DISABLED*
BOARD 1
SEARCH LIGHT I/O*
HEAD 2 ENABLED*
BOARD 2
DISABLED*
BOARD 3
DISABLED*
LCP
ENABLED*
Serial SLAVE
ENABLED*
Address: 0
KeyOn Delay: 20* msec. KeyOff Delay:10* msec. Baud Rate: 2400* BPS
Bit #
Item String
Value Bit #
Item String
Value
143
APPROACH NORTH
1
Please review the new configuration. If this configuration is correct, please
press T to transfer this data to the EEPROM. Press X to abort the
configuration data transfer.
Last Configuration Date:
Last Track Adjust Date:
02-22-95
08:48:01
00-00-00
00:00:00
Please Reset Your MICROTRAX Unit -- Type any key to continue
3.2.7.
This option enables the user to record default and/or current configuration information in a usernamed file. The name may include up to eight characters (numbers and/or letters). Note that all
items shown on the sample screen will be written to the new file name. When the file name is
entered, main menu item (8) changes from open to close. As indicated, enter (8) to close the file.
3.2.8.
3-20
2BInspection
Open Log File
M I C R O T R A X
CONFIGURATION PACKAGE
Version 3.00
Copyright 1992, Revised 1994
Union Switch & Signal Inc.
Select a command
restart program
read real time clock
2
set real time clock
display configuration
4
reconfigure unit
open log file
x
exit
Enter a command --->
Processing Command
Enter file name ==>? USERFILE
Event & Error ? Displays, Time Changes, Logic Free Runs, Memory Displays and
Configuration Displays be written to "USERFILE"
Press any key when ready to continue
0
1
3
8
2
4
x
3-21
2BInspection
The test procedure outlined below requires a Simpson 260 or equivalent Volt Ohm Meter
(VOM). Figure 3-2 shows the test set-up.
Table 3-3.
STEP
OPERATION
RESULT
No response
No response
During intervals with no transmissions, the meter
should read 2.0 ohms.
3-22
2BInspection
3.3.2.
For most MICROTRAX applications, traditional track circuit adjustments are not required. Track
circuit length is among the configuration data entered on-site with a portable PC. When track
circuit length is specified, receiver sensitivity is automatically established. The MICROTRAX
sensitivity setting is based on 100 pound rail and up to 200 loop feet of #6 wire (0.078 ohm)
track leads.
Table 3-4 indicates maximum track circuit length for leads of 100 and 200 loop feet if the
MICROTRAX automatic adjustment feature is used. Although it appears in the table that 200 foot
leads restrict track circuit length, this is not the case. The same track circuit length can be
attained with 200 foot leads as 100 foot by operating the circuit with greater sensitivity.
If it is necessary to operate the longest possible track circuit length with 200 foot leads, use the
manual track circuit adjustment feature (refer to Section 3.3.7) or enter a length that is up to 6000
feet longer than actual at the time of set-up.
Table 3-4.
100# Rail
118# Rail
136# Rail
17,000 ft.
18,600 ft.
19,900 ft.
23,400 ft.
25,600 ft.
27,000 ft.
29,400 ft
30,000 ft.
30,000 ft.
100# Rail
118# Rail
136# Rail
15,100 ft.
16,400 ft.
19,600 ft.
21,400 ft.
22,800 ft.
25,300 ft.
26,600 ft.
29,200 ft.
30,000 ft.
3-23
2BInspection
3-24
2BInspection
3.3.3.
An unusual track circuit configuration may require the use of a manual adjustment. Examples:
Circuit with exceptionally long leads, dumping of new ballast, or salt dumped across tracks at
highway crossing. Refer to Section 0 for the manual track circuit adjustment procedure.
When adjusting the track length on the CPU module, a larger number entered for the track circuit
length will provide greater margin by making the receiver more sensitive, and a lower number
will reduce the margin. Normally, the number (such as 16) should agree with the approximate
track circuit length in thousands of feet. For these special cases, the number will be larger than
the track circuit length in thousands of feet. To ensure that the circuit is not over energized, drop
it out with an 0.06 ohm shunt. Normally, the margin can be as high as 250% when ballast is high
and the shunting sensitivity will not be impaired.
Figure 3-3 shows the operating margin and shunting sensitivity for 100 and 200 foot leads. This
figure illustrates that more operating margin is tolerated with longer leads.
3-25
2BInspection
3.3.4.
Shunting Test
When the MICROTRAX system is first installed, track circuits under the control of a given
MICROTRAX unit should be given a shunting test with a 0.06 ohm shunt. As this test requires the
use of the CPU module, the procedure for the shunt test is shown in Section 0.
NOTE
With short track leads, 0.06 ohm shunting may not be achieved.
To achieve the 0.06 shunting a 0.1 ohm resistor must be added to
the track leads.
3.3.5.
Front Panel Procedure For Track Circuit Adjustment and Status Display
This section describes how to use the CPU front panel (CPU four-character displays and toggle
switches) to enter set-up parameters and view track circuit operational status data. Refer to
Section 4for front panel operations specific to troubleshooting.
All CPU toggle switches are return-to-center switches. They only enter a bit when held up or
down. Each switch must be held at least one second to execute a displayed function.
Figure 3-4 summarizes all CPU set-up and review functions in flowchart form.
NOTE
The CPU front panel four-character displays may be turned OFF
(refer to Section 3.2.2). Noted that turning OFF the four-character
displays also turns OFF the LEDs on the Track Interface Panel.
3-26
2BInspection
3-27
2BInspection
3.3.6.
This function shows the status of the tracks (A and B) and stored error codes. Section 6 gives a
detailed listing of the basic error messages.
NOTE
If a track side (A or B) has not been enabled in the application
software, the information for that track will not be displayed.
Table 3-5.
STEP
OPERATION
RESULT
No response
3-28
2BInspection
3.3.7.
This procedure can only be utilized after the track circuit is operational as explained in
Section 3.3.
NOTE
To enable this menu option, a test bit for tracks A and/or B must be
set in the application software, and the unit must be properly
configured. If track A or track B is disabled, its length cannot be
adjusted.
To abort the manual adjustment process at any point in the following procedure, press any toggle
switch other than that specified in the procedure. Then reset the system by pushing the RESET
button. This restores the existing adjustment values to the system.
Refer to Section 3.3.9 for procedure to access present track circuit operating data.
Table 3-6.
STEP
OPERATION
RESULT
No response
3-29
2BInspection
STEP
6
OPERATION
Repeat steps 4 and 5 for track B.
RESULT
When the track B adjustment is complete, the
displays will show xx=A and xx=B.
xx=A and xx=B are the newly entered
adjustments for track A and track B
respectively. This information is displayed in
different locations to aid in the detection of
display failures.
3.3.8.
To ascertain that the track circuit is adjusted properly, use the CPU MODE switch to view the
DISP MARG, which indicates the track circuit operating margin. The number displayed
represents the signal strength relative to operating sensitivity. For example, if 100 is displayed,
the circuit is on the verge of shunting. If 200 is displayed, the signal strength is twice what is
required for operation. The procedure for this display is also explained in Section 4.
Operating Margin
With dry ballast, the operating margin generally should be greater than 150 percent. With wet
ballast, the operating margin should be smaller. If the operating margin is too high, the circuit
may not shunt at 0.06 ohm. A 0.1 ohm resistor in series with the track leads may be required for
0.06 ohm shunting.
3-30
2BInspection
3.3.9.
STEP
RESULT
No response
3-31
2BInspection
Table 3-8.
STEP
OPERATION
RESULT
No response
3-32
2BInspection
3.3.12. General Considerations for Signal Lamp Adjustment
NOTE
To avoid a sudden in-rush current, the application software should
be written to turn on all lamps with about a one-second delay on
opposing signals.
systems allow adjustment of signal lamp voltage on the cardfile. This is done with
small potentiometers on the front panel of the Colorlight Lamp Driver and Searchlight Lamp
Driver Modules, in conjunction with an adjustment program run and displayed on the CPU
Module. Dropping resistors in the signal assembly are not required. With proper adjustment,
signal lamp filament life is maximized without significant reduction of lamp intensity.
MICROTRAX
Figure 3-5 shows the relationship between lamp voltage, current, candlepower and bulb life
for 18- and 25-watt lamps. During the CPU adjustment procedure, the CPU alphanumeric
display shows current. To obtain the equivalent lamp voltage, translate this to voltage shown in
Figure 3-5. For example, to adjust lamp voltage adjustment to 9.0 volts, note the following on
the graph:
18W lamps: Corresponding current = 1.7 amps
25W lamps: Corresponding current = 2.35 amps
Projecting the 9.0 volt line upwards shows candle power of 70 percent and bulb life 3.6 times
greater than adjustment at 10 volts. Note that the projected current is indicative of voltage across
the bulb at the signal head and is independent of line drop. There will be some voltage variation
due to variations in bulb manufacturing tolerances. Light output is more consistent if current,
rather than voltage, is the parameter of adjustment, especially with aging of bulbs. Maximum
output of the regulated MICROTRAX source is one volt less than battery voltage. This places a
limit on the line drop that can be tolerated.
3.3.13. Adjustment of Searchlight Signals
When adjusting voltage for a searchlight signal, the lamp and mechanism coil current are
measured together. With red aspect selected, the current is accurate. With a green aspect
selected, the displayed current is lower than the actual lamp current by 0.04 amperes. With a
yellow aspect, the current displayed is higher than the actual lamp current by 0.04 amperes.
Refer to Figure 3-5 for desired lamp current and compensate reading as required. For example:
For an 18W lamp and desired voltage of 9.0 volts, the corresponding current is 1.7 amps. If
green is selected, set the current to 1.66 A. If yellow is selected, set the current to 1.74 A. These
readings will accurately reflect 9.0 volts across the lamp.
Table 3-4 shows the maximum line resistance which can be used to operate 18W lamps at 1.7A
(9 volts) and 25W lamps at 2.35A (9 volts):
3-33
2BInspection
Table 3-9.
MIN. BATTERY
VOLTAGE
MAX.
RESISTANCE 18W
MAX.
RESISTANCE 25W
10V
0.0 ohms
0.0 ohms
11V
0.59 ohms
0.42 ohms
12V
1.18 ohms
0.85 ohms
13V
1.76 ohms
1.28 ohms
2BInspection
3.3.14. Adjustment Procedure
Refer to Section 3.3.12 for the lamp adjustment procedure using the CPU display and switches.
3.3.15. Signal Lamp Voltage Adjustment
Refer to Section 3.3.11 for background information on adjustment of signal lamp voltage.
Table 3-10. Signal Lamp Voltage Adjustment Procedure
STEP
OPERATION
RESULT
No response.
No response.
3-35
2BInspection
Following the initialization and setup of the MICROTRAX Coded Track unit including track and
signal adjustment, any logged events or errors should be cleared from the system.
Table 3-11. Clearing Log Procedure
STEP
1
2
3.4.2.
OPERATION
RESULT
No response.
This action executes the clearing function. The
display returns to US&S MICROTRAX and the
software revision number.
This function is used to set/clear a non-vital application logic bit. For example, the bit could be
used to allow turn-on of a signal lamp for voltage adjustment. In this case, the application logic
should be written to only allow lamp turn-on when no trains are in the territory (override of
approach lighting). The input will also clear when the unit is reset or power has been cycled.
3-36
2BInspection
Table 3-12. Keyboard Input On and Off Procedure
STEP
OPERATION
RESULT
No response.
No response.
3.4.3.
Display Off
This function is used to conserve system power by turning off both four-character LED displays
when not needed.
Table 3-13. Display Off Procedure
STEP
OPERATION
RESULT
No response.
3-37
2BInspection
3-38
4.
This section provides troubleshooting and maintenance procedures for an in-service MICROTRAX
system. Repairs are limited to correction of basic wiring and hardware problems, and
replacement of complete modules to isolate and remove a faulty module from service.
Shop testing and repair procedures for the various MICROTRAX units, plug-in modules and PCBs
are not provided. These vital units require special factory test equipment and procedures. If
determined to be faulty, these units should be returned to US&S for repair or replacement. For
service information, contact:
Union Switch & Signal Inc.
Service Shop
645 Russell St.
Batesburg, SC 29006-1800
Phone: l-800-652-7276
Request US&S service manual SM-4596E for service information on the PN-150B relay used as
the VCOR.
4.1. PERIODIC INSPECTION
CAUTION
To avoid equipment damage and/or faulty operation, do not install
or remove any MICROTRAX plug-in module with the system power
turned ON.
The MICROTRAX cardfile and associated units should be periodically inspected, in conjunction
with inspections of related vital equipment:
Make certain the cardfile, Track Interface Panels, and Quick Shunt Module (if used) are
mounted securely, and that all cardfile plug-in modules are fully inserted (front panel hold
down screws tight).
Check all power input and lamp driver/logic wiring for frayed, loose, or broken connections.
Also check for evidence of lightning damage around the arresting devices.
4-1
With system power turned OFF, remove each plug-in module and check the cardfile
backplane for loose or damaged connectors. Also check each module itself for physical
damage, damaged components, broken component leads, and copper tracks. Replace
damaged boards with appropriate spares.
Extract the VCOR relay and perform inspections according to service manual SM 4596E.
This section describes how to use the CPU four-character displays and toggle switches to view
system status and error data.
CPU toggle switches are used to select and execute menu options. These are return-to-center
switches that only enter a bit when they are held up or down. Each switch must be held at least
one second to execute a displayed function.
Use the MODE UP/DOWN switch on the CPU to scroll through menu options. The DOWN
position moves the display to the next menu item, and the UP position moves the display to the
previous menu item. If the display reaches the beginning or the end of the menu, it will not wrap
around to the other end of the menu by holding the switch up or down.
Use the CPU ENTER switch to select the currently displayed menu option.
Figure 4-1 summarizes all CPU set-up and review functions in flowchart form.
NOTE
This section only describes the monitoring section of the displays.
For adjustments, see Section 3.
4-2
4-3
This function displays selected system level operations, including the status of the vital serial
link (if used) and the status of the cross lighting serial link (if used). This function also reports
the status of the system EPROM.
Table 4-1.
STEP
OPERATION
RESULT
No response.
4-4
Display Events
This function displays errors/warnings, track occupancy, bad messages, and user-defined events.
For errors and related diagnostic information, it supplements the basic error code data obtained
with the Display Status function.
Table 4-2.
STEP
OPERATION
RESULT
No response.
DDHR
xxxx
MNss
xxxx
These terms show the date and time of the first
event to be displayed. DD=day, HR=hour,
MN=minute, and SS-second.
After the date/time displays, the first event code
logged will be displayed. The general format of
the code is as follows:
aa bb
cc dd
aa is byte 0, the basic event reference number.
Events are listed in Section 6 by these numbers.
All events are referenced by this number.
If the event has a second level description, bb
(byte 1) provides this description. Similarly, if the
event has third and fourth level descriptions, ee
and dd (bytes 2 and 3) provide these descriptions.
If the second event has been logged, the display
will repeat the above cycle starting with a new
date/time and code. When the last event has
been displayed, the system will return to the first
logged event and repeat the entire cycle.
No response.
4-5
Display Configuration
This function displays the on-site configuration data loaded with a portable PC. These data
include factory pre-defined items and user-defined items (see Section 6 for a listing of these
items). Items with a zero value will not be displayed.
Table 4-3.
STEP
OPERATION
RESULT
No response.
4-6
Display Status
NOTE
If a track side (A or B) has not been enabled in the application
software, the information for that track will not be displayed.
This function shows the status of the tracks (A and B) and stored error messages covering all
system functions. Section 6 gives a detailed listing of basic error messages. The Display Events
function provides more detailed information on the possible causes of basic error codes.
Table 4-4.
STEP
OPERATION
RESULT
No response.
4-7
STEP
OPERATION
RESULT
No response.
4-8
Dynamic display
Memory display
Restart program
Track Data
Exit
4.3.1.
Initial Setup
1. If the system is OFF, turn the power ON and following the power up reset, the CPU
module should show a scrolling US&S MICROTRAX and the current software revision
number or if the unit will not come out of reset, turn "On" the power and do the
following:
a. Hold down the MODE switch on the CPU until RES MENU is displayed.
b. Toggle the MODE switch down until PC LINK is displayed.
c. Push down the ENTER switch. The display will cycle and display WAIT CNFG.
2. When the system is powered and operational, connect the null modem cable between
the PC and the MICROTRAX unit, turn the PC ON, and run the MICROTRAX program
TRXMONTR.
4-9
3. Answer (Y) or (N) to the prompt, as required. If (Y) is selected, the application starts (go
to Step 4. If (N) is selected, the communications port and baud rate must be selected.
a. Select the communications port to use.
Second PC Screen Display: MICROTRAX Unit
M I C R O T R A X
MONITOR
Version 3.00
Copyright 1992, Revised 1994
Union Switch & Signal Inc.
Select Communication Port:
[ Current Selection is - -> COM2 : ]
1 - Communication Port 1 (COM Port 1)
2 - Communication Port 2 (COM Port 2)
Enter 1 or 2 for the available Communication Port - ->
b. Select the baud rate that agrees with the setting on the CPU module.
Third PC Screen Display: MICROTRAX Unit
M I C R O T R A X
MONITOR
Version 3.00
Copyright 1992, Revised 1994
Union Switch & Signal Inc.
Select Baud Rate:
[ Current Selection is
1 1200
2 4800
Enter 1 or 2 for the correct baud rate - ->
4-10
MICROTRAX
unit
Current PC Time:
02-21-02
15:47:58
restart program
read real time clock
get events
configuration display
memory display
track data
exit
a Command -->
2
4
6
8
4-11
This command loads and displays recorded events and includes a description with each. (Refer
to Section 6 for a complete listing of logged events.) When the command is entered, there will
be a brief delay as event items are retrieved and the message Uploading Event Information will
be displayed. The computer uploads 11 parts of information (part 1 of 11, part 2 of 11, etc.).
The first column indicates the sequence of the events in numerical order since the last access
to the events file. The second and third columns indicate the date and time of each event. The
fourth column lists the descriptions of each event.
Get Events Sample Display
1
2
02/22 10:08:08
02/22 10:08:09
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
02/22
02/22
02/22
02/22
02/22
02/22
02/22
02/22
02/22
02/22
02/22
02/22
02/22
02/22
02/22
02/22
4-12
10:08:10
10:08:12
10:08:22
10:08:24
10:08:56
10:08:57
10:08:58
10:08:58
10:09:02
10:09:04
10:09:05
10:09:16
10:09:46
10:09:49
10:09:58
10:10:01
Errors Cleared
Warning
Vital Link Stale Date Timer e x p i r e d
Slave Remove Shunt
Master Remove Shunt
Slave Normal
Master Normal
Bad Guard
Bad Guard
Master Bad Message TO Time Out
Slave Bad Message TO Time Out
Bad Guard
Master Shunt TO Time Out
Slave Shunt TO Time Out
Minimum Area TO Time Out
Slave Remove Shunt
Master Remove Shunt
Slave Normal
Master Normal
01 85 F1 AC 00
71
71
53
54
71
42
44
81
0B
29
83
83
20
83
83
01
06
16
00
00
11
00
00
16
C6
BB
00
00
33
00
00
8A
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
This command loads and displays a summary of recorded errors by error code, count and
description. In the example shown, the first column indicates the error number in decimal
format.
The second column indicates the error number in hexadecimal format. The hexadecimal format
is used when the error codes are displayed on the CPU alphanumeric displays (refer to Section
4.2.5). This format is also used in Section 6 where the error codes are described in detail. On
this display, every error code has a $ prefix which does not appear on the CPU module display.
The third column specifies the number of times the error has occurred. This count ranges from
1 to 240, and will remain at 240 if a particular error occurs more than 240 times.
The fourth column lists the descriptions of each error. Refer to Section 6 for the complete list of
MICROTRAX error codes.
Get Errors Sample Display
116
129
133
176
179
4.3.4.
($74)
($81)
($85)
($B0)
($B3)
1
31
3
1
1
The Dynamic Display command provides several accessing and monitoring functions. It may be
used to display up to 40 application logic data bits, and it dynamically updates the status of these
bits in real time as the MICROTRAX system operates. This command may also be used to open the
debug file generated when the application logic was compiled (refer to SM 6470A). The debug
file is used to associate the names with the application bits that are being monitored. This
command also allows the monitoring information to be written to a log file.
When the Dynamic Display command is entered, the screen displays a sub-menu for this
particular program.
4-13
no file
Select a command
1
3
x
bit display
open debug file
exit
Enter a command
2
8
free run
open log file
==>
When sub-menu item 1 (Bit Display) is selected, the screen first shows the 40-bit display limit
and three prompts. As indicated, (A) adds bits to the display, (R) removes bits from the display
and (X) ends the bit display.
When any key is pressed, the initial bit display appears. The first column lists individual bits
by number. The second column gives the user-defined name of each bit. When (A) is entered, a
prompt for bits to be added appears on the screen.
Bit Display Initial Screen
LOGIC ACTIVITY DISPLAY
Up to 40 bits may be displayed at one time
Press A to add bits to the display
Press R to remove bits from the display
Press X to end the bit display
Press any key to continue, X to abort
In this sample bit display data screen, 1-32 was entered, which indicates that the values of
application logic bit numbers 1 through 32 will be monitored.
NOTE
If a debug file had been entered, the actual application bit names
would have been displayed (instead of names) of the form
BITNUMBER xxx.
4-14
BITNUMBER001
BITNUMBER002
BITNUMBER003
BITNMUBER004
BITNUMBER005
BITNUMBER006
BITNUMBER007
BITNUMBER008
BITNUMBER009
BITNUMBER010
BITNUMBER011
BITNUMBER012
BITNUMBER013
BITNUMBER014
BITNUMBER015
BITNUMBER016
BITNUMBER017
BITNUMBER018
BITNUMBER019
BITNUMBER020
set
set
clr
clr
clr
set
clr
clr
clr
set
set
clr
clr
clr
set
clr
clr
clr
clr
clr
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
BITNUMBER021
BITNUMBER022
BITNUMBER023
BITNUMBER024
BITNUMBER025
BITNUMBER026
BITNUMBER027
BITNUMBER028
BITNUMBER029
BITNUMBER030
BITNUMBER031
BITNUMBER032
clr
clr
clr
clr
clr
clr
clr
clr
clr
clr
clr
clr
When sub-menu item 2 (Free Run) is selected, the screen displays a free running list of the
application logic bits as they change. The system stable indication specifies when the system
logic has become stable and outputs will be delivered. The clock times give a reference as to
when bit values have changed. A time is associated with the logic that appears on the screen
before the time.
The (B) option can be used to select which bit values will be displayed on this screen. The (C)
option clears the screen of all currently displayed information. If a log file has been opened, data
from free run will be written to the log file. In this screen, the debug file was opened and the
actual bit names displayed.
4-15
76
40
40
S2. LAMP2
S1. LAMP2
S1. LAMP2
is
is
is
set
clear
set
147
147
28
42
76
26
40
F
F
C1.Y2
S1.Y2
S2.LAMP2
C2.LAMP2
S1.LAMP2
is
is
is
is
is
is
is
set
clear
clear
clear
clear
clear
clear on timer queue system stable
147
147
147
28
42
76
26
40
F
F
F
X1.Y2
S1. Y2
S2. LAMP2
C1.LAMP2
S1.LAMP2
is
is
is
is
is
is
is
is
clear
set
set clear on timer queue
set
set
set clear on timer queue
set
clear on timer queue system stable
When this sub-menu item is selected, the user is prompted for the name of the debug file created
by the MICROTRAX development system (filename.TDG) when the application program was
compiled. This file contains the user-defined names of the application logic bits. After the
debug file name has been entered, the actual names of the bits can be referenced on the Bit
Display and Free Run screens.
4.3.4.4. Open Log File Command (Dynamic Display Menu Item 8)
This is the same type of menu function available in the main Configuration and Monitor menus.
It is provided in the sub-menu for dumping dynamic display information to a user-defined file.
Refer to Section 3.2.7 for the format and use of this function.
4.3.4.5. Exit Command (Dynamic Display Menu Item X)
This command takes the program out of the Dynamic Display mode and returns the display to
the Main Monitor Menu.
4-16
This command is used to dump memory from selected parts of the MICROTRAX CPU RAM. It is
intended for system diagnostics and should be used in consultation with a US&S engineer.
These addresses are between 8000H and FFF0H. A typical display is shown below.
Sample Memory Display
M I C R O T R A X
MONITOR
Version 3.00
Copyright 1992, Revised 1994
Union Switch & Signal Inc.
Perform a memory dump
Enter starting address
Enter Ending address
Enter ending address
==>
$?
800
0800
01
00
00
00
00
4E
01
00
F0
21
B0
29
A4
01
9B
E4
0810
24
6C
0F
82
01
ED
ED
00
DA
00
B6
03
04
00
0A
33
0820
03
03
03
93
0A
00
00
00
DA
00
01
07
00
00
03
00
0830
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
0840
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
0850
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
0860
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
02
0870
D0
02
D4
02
00
00
B4
00
B5
00
80
00
00
00
00
00
0880
00
00
14
03
00
04
00
00
0F
00
FF
00
00
03
00
00
0890
00
00
00
26
F9
26
F9
00
00
04
04
IF
00
00
19
D1
08A0
0B
F0
A4
14
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
02
08B0
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
08C0
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
08D0
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
08E0
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
08F0
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
4-17
Executive software revisions three and higher, and Development System version 3.00 and
higher, provide a Track Data menu option. This option displays the current track margin and
number of shunts logged. Numbers for both the Master (A) Track and Slave (B) Track are
displayed. This display is not dynamically updated.
The track margin is the same as the numerical display on the CPU Module display menu
(DISP MENU) item. These numbers represent the percentage of shunts. A reading of 100% is
the shunt limit. Any message over 100% is acceptable, while any message below 100% causes a
shunt. The percentage received is the value from the last message received. If the unit is not
receiving messages, the number will be zero.
The number of the shunt counter is simply the number of times that a track has declared a shunt.
This counter is cleared when the CLR LOG function is executed from the CPU Module front
panel (refer to Section 3.4.1).
Track Parameters
TRACK PARAMETERS
Track Margins
4-18
Number of Shunts
109%
206%
MICROTRAX
The MICROTRAX Unit will enter one of two possible modes when a persistent critical failure is
detected: Selective Shutdown mode or Full Shutdown mode. This section describes how to
restore unit operation in the event the unit enters either mode.
NOTE
When replacing the CPU module with a spare, make sure to
transfer the system application EPROM to the replacement
module.
4.4.2.
When a failure occurs or after the problem causing the failure has been corrected, the unit will go
through a reset process. During the unit reset process, several internal tests are performed to
verify the integrity of the overall system. Throughout the steps that follow, the displays on the
CPU module identify which diagnostic is being performed:
4-19
4-20
When the unit is operating in the Selective Shutdown mode, all front panel LEDs will be
normal, except for the FAILOVER LED on the System Power Supply Module. This LED will
be dark, indicating that the VCOR is dropped.
To identify the type of failure and attempt a restart, perform the following steps:
Table 4-6.
STEP
1
OPERATION
Check the LEDs on the Track Module during a
communication sequence.
RESULT
If LEDs on either end are not flashing, check track
polarity and communications per Section 3.3.
Fault could also be with the CPU, System Power
Supply, or Track Module itself. Replace these
modules to isolate the faulty module. Note: Power
must be turned off each time a module is
replaced.
If the Track Module LEDs indicate good
communications, the fault may be with a lamp or
logic output.
No response.
4-21
When a unit is in the FULL SHUTDOWN mode, the following indications will appear on the
front panel:
CPU:
DOWN
eeOO
To identify the type of failure and attempt a restart, perform the following steps:
Table 4-7.
STEP
OPERATION
RESULT
Replace modules as required to isolate the faulty
unit.
Note: Turn off system power each time a module
is replaced. If a suspected module is replaced, go
to Step 3 and reset the system. If error codes are
still displayed after restarting the unit, check all
wiring and equipment external to the MICROTRAX
unit.
Holding the toggle switch puts the system into the
special Reset Menu. Refer to Section 4.5 for
detailed instructions on the use of this menu. If
the toggle switch is not pressed in time, the
displays will run through the reset.
Note: Refer to Section 3.1 for a detailed
description of the reset sequence CPU displays
and related problem indications.
No response.
4-22
Initial Access
A special Reset Menu is available to test and run the MICROTRAX system while the system is in a
reset condition. This menu can only be accessed by manually resetting the system.
Table 4-8.
STEP
OPERATION
RESULT
The display should change from the scrolling
US&S MICROTRAX and software revision
number to the indicated displays. If the toggle
switch is not pressed in time, the displays will run
through the reset sequence.
Note: Refer to Section 3.1 for a detailed
description of the reset sequence CPU displays
and related problem indications.
No response.
4-23
Display Errors
This function displays all logged errors and warnings. The same data is accessible using
the Display Status function when the system is not in reset (refer to Section 4.2.2). Refer to
Section 6 for a complete listing of error messages.
Table 4-9.
STEP
OPERATION
RESULT
The display should change from the scrolling
US&S MICROTRAX and software revision
number to the indicated displays. If the toggle
switch is not pressed in time, the displays will run
through the reset sequence.
Note: Refer to Section 3.1 for a detailed
description of the reset sequence CPU displays
and related problem indications.
ERR
Eenn
ee is the error number. Refer to Section 6 for a
definition.
nn is the number of times the associated error
was logged.
4-24
Display Events
This function displays all logged events. Refer to Section 6 for a complete listing of logged
events.
Table 4-10. Display Events Procedure
STEP
OPERATION
RESULT
DDHR
xxxx
MNSS
xxxx
These terms show the date and time of the first
event to be displayed.
After the date/time displays, the first event code
logged appears. The general format of the code
is:
aa bb
cc dd
aa is byte 0, the basic event reference number.
Events are listed in Section 6 by these numbers.
All events are referenced by this number.
If the event has a second-level description, bb
(byte 1) provides this description. Similarly, if the
event has third- and fourth-level descriptions, cc
and dd (bytes 2 and 3) provide these descriptions.
If a second event has been logged, the display will
repeat the above code starting with a new
date/time and code. When the last event is
displayed, the system will return to the first logged
event and repeat the entire cycle.
4-25
Clear CPS
This function attempts to restore the system conditional power supply during a reset condition. It
is typically used to run the complete MICROTRAX system during troubleshooting.
Table 4-11. Clear CPS Procedure
STEP
OPERATION
RESULT
The display should change from the scrolling
US&S MICROTRAX and software revision
number to the indicated displays. If the toggle
switch is not pressed in time, the displays will run
through the reset sequence.
Note: Refer to Section 3.1 for a detailed
description of the reset sequence CPU displays
and related problem indications.
CLR
CPS
RES
RAM
RES
PROM
RES
BUS
RES
CPS
The display should resume scrolling US&S
MICROTRAX. At the same time, the FAILOVER
RELAY LED on the System Power Supply Module
should light, indicating the CPS is up.
If there is a persistent problem, the above display
will repeat five times, followed by a system reset
in the shut-down mode.
4-26
PC Link
This function is used to enable the serial data port on the CPU Module when the system is in a
reset condition. It allows on-site connection of a portable PC for system diagnostics and
reconfiguration. (Refer to Section 4.3 and 4.4.)
Table 4-12. Enable Serial Data Port Procedure
STEP
OPERATION
RESULT
RES
RAM
RES
PROM
WAIT
CNFG
The PC is then ready to receive inputs via the
laptop PC.
NOTE
If the unit fails to enter WAIT CNFG mode when using the Reset
Menu-PC link feature, the likely cause of the error is the CPU
Module itself. To enter this mode, only components on the CPU
Module are tested.
Verify both the Executive and Application EPROMs. If
unsuccessful in entering the PC link mode, replace the CPU
Module. Make certain the correct EPROMs are installed on the
replacement module.
4-27
Cold Reset
NOTE
Be careful with the use of the COLD RES function. All logged
events and errors will be lost. Be sure to examine errors and
events before using this feature.
This function is used to reset the system such that all data stored in CPU RAM is cleared. This
includes clearing logs and clearing CPS.
Table 4-13. Cold Reset Procedure
STEP
OPERATION
RESULT
The display should change from the scrolling
US&S MICROTRAX and software revision
number to the indicated displays. If the toggle
switch is not pressed in time, the displays will run
through the reset sequence.
Note: Refer to Section 3.1 for a detailed
description of the reset sequence CPU displays
and related problem indications.
COLD
RES
(Cold Reset)
RES
RAM
RES
PROM
RES
BUS
RES
CPS
Then the display should return to the scrolling
US&S MICROTRAX, indicating that the reset was
executed.
At the same time, the FAILOVER LED on the
System Power Supply Module should light,
indicating the CPS is up.
If there is a persistent problem, the above display
will repeat five times, followed by a system reset
in the shut-down mode.
4-28
5.
This section provides illustrations and written explanations of some typical applications of the
MICROTRAX Coded Track Unit. Figure 5-1 illustrates a MICROTRAX unit internal detail and
external wiring of a typical repeating cut location. Figure 5-2 illustrates a MICROTRAX unit
internal detail and external wiring of a typical intermediate colorlight signal location.
5.1. Track Connections
Track wires from the rail (via the track interface panel) are connected to the right terminal block
(TB3) on the MICROTRAX unit. These track connections are designated Master and Slave and (+)
and (). The Slave connections are terminals 1() and 2(+) and the Master connections are
terminals 3() and 4(+).
NOTE
The wiring between the Track Board and the Track Interface Panel
must be a twisted pair with three to four twists per foot. This
twisted pair must then be separated from any "dirty" wiring (such
as relay and relay control wiring) by at least six inches.
To make the track circuit operational, either side of an insulated joint can be designated as
Master (or Slave); however, the opposite end must then be designated as Slave (or Master). Each
track circuit must have both a Master and a Slave. In addition, polarity must be staggered across
the set of joints. Figure 5-1 and Figure 5-2 illustrate this with the West track being the Master
side and the East track being the Slave side.
5.2. COLORLIGHT SIGNAL CIRCUIT
Figure 5-2 illustrates a typical MICROTRAX colorlight control circuit. In this application, the
West signal is driven by a Colorlight Lamp Driver Module in slot #1 and the East signal is driven
by a Colorlight Lamp Driver Module in slot #2.
When a module is assigned to slot #1, the external wiring connects to the left-hand connector
(TB1). When a module is assigned to slot #2, the external wiring connects to the center
connector (TB2). Note that the designer of the typical circuit assigned the west signal to Module
#1 and the east signal to Module #2, however the signals could also have been driven from the
opposite modules.
In the example, the west signal is a two headed signal. Each Colorlight Lamp Driver Module is
capable of driving two signal heads. Module #1 Head 1 controls the green/yellow/red aspects
and Head 2 controls the lunar aspect. The east signal has only one head and is controlled by
Head 1 of the second module.
5-1
1
Twisted pair (3-4 twists per
foot) and separated from
"dirty" wiring (i.e., relay and
relay control) by at least 6
inches.
1
1
5-2
1
1
5-3
WALITE
WDG, WHG, WRG
WGLO,WYLO,WRLO
WBLITE
WBLG
WBLLO
These software designations determine which connector pins have voltage applied when an
equation is valid. For example, when lamp and aspect equations on BOARD 1, HEAD 1 are
valid, voltage is applied to pins 15 through 18 on the cardfile left connector (TB1). BOARD 1,
HEAD 2 is associated with pins 9 through 12 of the left connector (TB1). A BOARD 2 software
designation would be related to the center connector (TB2). Therefore, a BOARD 2, HEAD 1
software designation would control voltage to pins 15 through 18 of the center connector (TB2).
The configuration of I/O modules (boards) and BOARD designations in the application software
are totally flexible and are assigned by the application engineer.
As information, pins 15 and 9 (common leads to each signal head) are the positive (+) voltage
from the MICROTRAX unit.
The Colorlight Lamp Driver Module also has two isolated (double-break) inputs available.
These may be used as any external or internal inputs (such as an NWP and RWP input from a
hand throw switch). The pin-outs shown are directly related to designations in the application
software. For example, voltage present on pins 4 and 5 is read as a defined valid input #1 in the
software. Voltage present on pins 1 and 2 is read as a defined valid input #2. For example,
assume the colorlight module (board) is defined, in part, as follows:
BOARD 1
COLOR.LIGHT: XYZ
HEAD 1
LAMP:
ASPECT:
LAMPOUT:
INPUT:
A;
B;
C;
1NWP, 1RWP
When voltage is present across pins 4 and 5, the application program would read 1NWP.
Voltage across pins 1 and 2 would be read as 1RWP.
5-4
Lightning Arresters
DESCRIPTION
N451552-0101
N451552-0201
5-5
1
Twisted pair (3-4 twists per
foot) and separated from
"dirty" wiring (i.e., relay and
relay control) by at least 6
inches.
1
5-6
1
1
5-7
5-8
1
1
5-9
5-10
1
1
1
5-11
5-12
5BAlphanumeric Codes
6.
Alphanumeric Codes
Critical Errors
NOTE
These codes apply to ALL SYSTEMS.
Table 6-1.
NO.
NAME
Critical Errors
DESCRIPTION
TROUBLESHOOTING
Executive Error
Task Scheduling
Same as Error 6.
Same as Error 6.
Sleep Failure
10
11
12
13
14
Illegal Interrupt
6-1
5BAlphanumeric Codes
NO.
NAME
DESCRIPTION
TROUBLESHOOTING
15
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
Track A Levels
Out of Range
27
Track B Levels
Out of Range
28
Track Receive
Levels Bad
29
Track Transmit
Levels Bad
2A
2B
Track Monitor
Count Bad
2C
Slave Track
Diagnostics Stale
30
General Diagnostics
Failure
31
Diagnostics
Number Bad
32
6-2
5BAlphanumeric Codes
NO.
NAME
DESCRIPTION
TROUBLESHOOTING
33
Executive EPROM
Linear Checksum Bad
34
Executive EPROM
Linear Checksum Bad
35
Microprocessor
Instruction Test Failure
36
Stack Underflow
37
Stack Overflow
38
39
3B
Illegal Application
EPROM.
3C
3D
3E
Application EPROM
Linear Checksum Bad
3F
Application EPROM
BCH Bad
40
Outputs Stale
41
6-3
5BAlphanumeric Codes
NO.
NAME
DESCRIPTION
TROUBLESHOOTING
42
43
44
45
47
Trace Timer
Out-of-Range
4A
No Slave Address
4B
4C
4D
4E
As indicated.
50
51
Illegal Application
Logic Equation
As indicated.
52
53
Illegal Application
Logic Stack
54
Stable System
Logic Change
6-4
5BAlphanumeric Codes
NO.
NAME
DESCRIPTION
TROUBLESHOOTING
55
Illegal Application
Logic Bit Number
56
57
Double Path
Logic Execution
Disagreement
58
Application
EPROM Bad
5A
Illegal Configuration
5B
5C
5D
60
61
Isolated Output
Bit String Error
62
Non-Isolated
Output Error
63
Non-Isolated Output
64
Non-Isolated Output
65
Non-Isolated Output
Bit String Error
66
Non-Isolated Output
Bit String Error
67
Non-Isolated Output
Bit String Error
68
Output Reference
Voltage Bad
6-5
5BAlphanumeric Codes
NO.
NAME
DESCRIPTION
TROUBLESHOOTING
69
Output Reference
Voltage Bad
6A
Output Reference
Voltage Bad
6B
Input Reference
Voltage Bad
6C
Input Reference
Voltage Bad
6D
Input Reference
Voltage Bad
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
79
Default
Configuration Bad
7A
6-6
5BAlphanumeric Codes
NO.
NAME
DESCRIPTION
TROUBLESHOOTING
7B
Incompatible
Configuration
7E
7F
6-7
5BAlphanumeric Codes
6.1.2.
Static Warnings
NOTE
These codes apply to ALL SYSTEMS.
Table 6-2.
NO.
NAME
Static Warnings
DESCRIPTION
TROUBLESHOOTING
81
Error Count
Not applicable.
83
Configuration
EEPROM Bad
84
Configuration EEPROM
Mismatch with
Application EPROM.
85
Slave Link/Time-Out
Link Down
86
System Becoming
Overloaded
6-8
5BAlphanumeric Codes
6.1.3.
Dynamic Warnings
NOTE
These codes apply to ALL SYSTEMS.
Table 6-3.
NO.
90
NAME
Input Error
Dynamic Warnings
DESCRIPTION
Faulty input #1 on a Non-Isolated I/O
Module (forced to 0). I/O slot 1.
Faulty input #1 on a Color or Searchlight
Module (forced to 0). I/O slot 1.
91
Input Error
TROUBLESHOOTING
Likely cause is a faulty Non-Isolated
Module, or a Color or Searchlight
Module.
Refer to Section 6.5.2.
Likely cause is a faulty Non-Isolated
Module, or a Color or Searchlight
Module.
Refer to Section 6.5.2.
92
Input Error
93
Input Error
94
Input Error
Input Error
96
Input Error
97
Input Error
98
Input Error
99
Input Error
9A
Input Error
6-9
5BAlphanumeric Codes
NO.
9B
NAME
Input Error
DESCRIPTION
TROUBLESHOOTING
9C
Inputs Unstable
9D
Inputs Unstable
9E
Inputs Unstable
A0
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
B0
Lamp Out/Filament
Failure
B1
Lamp Out/Filament
Failure
B2
Lamp Out/Filament
Failure
B3
Lamp Out/Filament
Failure
B4
Lamp Out/Filament
Failure
B5
Lamp Out/Filament
Failure
B6
Lamp Out/Filament
Failure
6-10
5BAlphanumeric Codes
NO.
NAME
DESCRIPTION
TROUBLESHOOTING
B7
Lamp Out/Filament
Failure
B8
Lamp Out/Filament
Failure
B9
Lamp Out/Filament
Failure
BA
Lamp Out/Filament
Failure
BB
Lamp Out/Filament
Failure
D0
MICROTRAX
D1
D3
D4
Slave Link
Framing/Overrun
D5
D6
D8
6-11
5BAlphanumeric Codes
Event Information
Byte 0
Event Number
aa bb
Byte 1 3
Event information
cc dd
Byte 4
Not Used
aa = byte 0
Bytes 5 9
bb = byte 1
Event information
Byte 5
Seconds
cc = byte 2
Event information
Byte 6
Minutes
dd = byte 3
Event information
Byte 7
Hours
Byte 8
Days
Byte 9
Months
NOTE
These codes apply to ALL SYSTEMS.
Table 6-4.
NO.
DESCRIPTION
BYTE
COMMENTS
Error/Warning
Byte 1
Bytes 2, 3
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
6-12
5BAlphanumeric Codes
NO.
DESCRIPTION
11
BYTE
Byte 1
Bytes 2, 3
12
Byte 1
COMMENTS
1 = Zero level check failed.
2 = Transmit level check failed.
3 = Receive level check failed.
Value that was out of range.
Bytes 2, 3
13
Byte 2
Byte 3
14
Byte 2
Byte 3
16
Byte 1
Byte 2
Byte 3
Byte 1
Byte 2
Byte 3
17
18
Byte 2
Byte 3
Transmit level.
Receive level.
19
Byte 2
Byte 3
Transmit level.
Receive level.
21
Byte 1
Bytes 2, 3
Bytes 2, 3
31
Track A double-path
RAM fault
6-13
5BAlphanumeric Codes
NO.
DESCRIPTION
32
33
BYTE
Bytes 2, 3
COMMENTS
Address of data that did not match.
Two of these events are logged. One holds the data for
path 1 and the other holds the data for path 2.
Bytes 2, 3
41
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
42
Byte 1
44
Not applicable.
51
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
52
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
53
Not applicable.
54
Not applicable.
6-14
5BAlphanumeric Codes
NO.
61
DESCRIPTION
BYTE
COMMENTS
This event is part of a pair of events. (Refer to Event 62.)
This event gives the area of the previous message and
the next event gives the area of the current message.
Byte 1
Bytes 2, 3
Code received.
Area of average long pulse.
62
Not applicable.
71
Byte 1
Bytes 2, 3
81
Byte 1
Bytes 2, 3
Received code.
Area of the average long pulse.
6-15
5BAlphanumeric Codes
Predefined
The table below lists index values of the predefined configuration items. These are the values of
"bb" as defined in Section 4.2.4.
NOTE
These codes apply to ALL SYSTEMS.
Table 6-5.
INDEX
DESCRIPTION OF
CONFIGURATION ITEM
VALUE DESCRIPTION
01
TRACK A ENABLE
0 or 1
0 = disable, 1 = enable
02
TRACK A LENGTH
0 36
1000-ft lengths
03
TRACK B ENABLE
0 or 1
0 = disable, 1 = enable
04
TRACL B LENGTH
0 36
1000-ft lengths
05
UNIT_TYPE
03
06
BOARD 1 TYPE
03
07
BOARD 2 TYPE
03
08
BOARD 3 TYPE
0, 3, or 4
09
HEAD2/BOARD 1 ENABLE
0 or 1
0 = disable, 1 = enable
0A
HEAD2/BOARD 2 ENABLE
0 or 1
0 = disable, 1 = enable
0B
SLAVE ENABLE
0 or 1
0 = disable, 1 = enable
0C
SLAVE ADDRESS
1 16
Station address
0D
16
0E
0 255
0F
0 255
10
0 255
11
SLEEP ENABLE
0 or 1
0 = disable, 1 = enable
12
LOGIC VERSION
1 255
6-16
5BAlphanumeric Codes
INDEX
DESCRIPTION OF
CONFIGURATION ITEM
VALID
VALUES
VALUE DESCRIPTION
13
0 or 1
0 = disable, 1 = enable
14
TRACK ENABLE
0 or 1
0 = disable, 1 = enable
15 1F
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
6.3.2.
User-Defined
The following tabulation lists index values of the user-defined configuration items. These are
the values of "bb" as defined in Section 4.2.4.
NOTE
These codes apply to ALL SYSTEMS.
Table 6-6.
INDEX
DESCRIPTION OF
CONFIGURATION ITEM
VALID
VALUES
VALUE DESCRIPTION
01 1F
User-defined
0 or 1
User-defined
6-17
5BAlphanumeric Codes
ERROR
CODE
6-18
TYPE
INDICATION
Status Indication
Module is normal.
Status Indication
Status Indication
5BAlphanumeric Codes
6.4.2.
ERROR
CODE
TYPE*
INDICATION
NR/C
12
NR/C
13
NR/C
14
NR/C
15
NR/C
16
NR/C
17
NR/C
18
NR/C
19
NR/C
1A
NR/C
20
NR/C
21
NR/C
22
NR/C
23
NR/C
24
NR/C
2E
NR/C
2F
NR/C
31
NR/C
32
NR/C
33
NR/C
34
NR/C
RAM Failure
35
NR/C
36
NR/C
37
NR/C
38
NR/C
39
NR/C
3B
NR/C
3C
NR/C
41
NR/C
42
NR/C
6-19
5BAlphanumeric Codes
ERROR
CODE
TYPE*
43
NR/C
46
NR/C
47
NR/C
51
NR/C
52
NR/C
53
NR/C
54
NR/C
55
NR/C
56
NR/C
57
NR/C
58
NR/C
59
NR/C
5A
NR/C
83
84
85
86
87
88
8F
9D
A1
B3
B4
B7
Bad Data Into Master Serial Port DCD Signal in Wrong Sequence
B8
Bad Data Into Slave Serial Port DCD Signal in Wrong Sequence
B9
Bad Data Into Master Serial Port DCD Signal in Wrong Sequence
BA
Bad Data Into Slave Serial Port DCD Signal in Wrong Sequence
BB
BC
FF
NR
6-20
INDICATION
5BAlphanumeric Codes
Many errors detected by the MICROTRAX system are spurious and typically indicate a problem
with an unrelated function or piece of equipment. For example, a routine in the system is called
exclusively with a value of either 1 or 2. When this routine runs, it checks to make sure that its
input is either 1 or 2. If it is not, a critical error is logged. If everything in the system is
functioning correctly, this error should not occur; however, if a noise glitch or some other failure
occurred when this routine was called, the input could be corrupted. In this case, the error would
be logged; therefore, many of the errors listed in this chapter refer to a generic type of noise
error.
Troubleshooting such an error may be difficult. If the error only happened once, it is likely a
random failure that happened to be detected by this error code; therefore, if the error is not
repeatable, then the error may be ignored. If the error repeats, various factors need to be
investigated:
Does the error happen at a repeatable time frame? If so, does this time frame relate to this
application? For example, every 15 minutes a general noise type error is logged. Also, the
application logic is written so that every 15 minutes all the lamps in the system are turned on.
A likely source of the noise problem is the batteries. Make certain the power source can handle
this type of load.
6-21
5BAlphanumeric Codes
Does the error occur at the same time an external event occurs? For example, every time an
external event generates an input into the MICROTRAX system, the system detects a failure. A
logical place to examine is the input source. Perhaps as a result of this input, several other
external events are triggered that generate noise. Begin troubleshooting by examining that
external hardware.
6.5.2.
When an I/O error or warning occurs, several factors must be considered. External noise can
generate virtually any error or warning in the system. The I/O is more susceptible to noise
because of the external wires and connections. All I/O errors are filtered; they must occur more
than once before the system will actually process the error.
Does the error happen at the same time an external event occurs? For example, every time an
external event generates an input into the MICROTRAX system, the system detects a failure. A
logical place to examine is the input source. Perhaps as a result of this input, several other
external events are triggered that generate noise. Begin troubleshooting by examining that
external hardware.
Check the I/O module, which may be faulty. Inspect the module, checking for loose or damaged
components. Replace the module with a spare. If the error clears, then the problem is with the
module. If the error persists, the problem is with the external I/O hardware. (If a spare is not
readily available, but two of the same type module are installed in another slot, swap these
modules for testing purposes.)
Check battery voltages. Verify that the batteries can properly handle the various demands and
loads.
Check that the wiring between the Track Board and the Track Interface Panel must be a twisted
pair with three to four twists per foot. This twisted pair must then be separated from any "dirty"
wiring (i.e., relay and relay control wiring) by at least six inches.
6.5.3.
When a vital link warning has been detected, the following troubleshooting guidelines should be
followed:
External noise can generate any of the vital link warnings. If these warnings occur
infrequently, check for sources of external noise.
If the vital link warnings occur frequently, or the serial link does not operate at all, consult
US&S Service Manual SM 6400C for detailed troubleshooting procedures.
6-22
7.
The Rapid Action Information Link Team (RAIL Team) is a group of experienced product
and application engineers ready to assist you to resolve any technical issues concerning this
product. Contact the RAIL Team in the United States at 1-800-652-7276 or by e-mail at
railteam@switch.com.
7-1
7-2