Stat 200 Exam 5A

Chpt. 9
67 Points

ANSWER KEY
Name

SHOW ALL WORK FOR FULL CREDIT! Simplify answers where appropriate.
1. (6 points) Check the appropriate box to indicate whether the samples are independent or
dependent.
INDEPENDENT

a. Subjects cholesterol levels are measured and compared for

each individual, before and after taking a cholesterol drug.

b. The average score of a group of English majors on a

standardized exam is compared to the average score of a
group of Economics majors.

c. The time is takes the same 10 students to perform a task,

before and after sampling an energy drink, is measured and
compared.

DEPENDENT

2. (5 points) Students in a statistics class were each asked to report the number of hours they slept
on weeknights and on weekends for a dependent sample t-test. Let 1 = weeknight hours slept; 2 =
weekend hours slept; and = 1 2. For each of the research scenarios described below, indicate
by letter the correct formulation of the hypotheses.

The researcher wishes to determine whether there is sufficient

evidence to conclude that there is a difference in the mean
number of hours slept.

A. : = 0

1 : < 0
B. : = 0

1 : > 0

The researcher claims that the students sleep more hours on the
weekends.

C. : = 0

1 : 0

Stat 200 Exam 5A: Chpt. 9

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3. (12 points) The mean number of hours worked weekly by a sample of 15 junior associates at a
law firm is 58.1 with a standard deviation of 5.2. The mean number of hours worked weekly by a
sample of 12 senior associates at the firm is 53.4 with a standard deviation of 6.5. At = 0.10, can it
be concluded that the mean time worked by the junior associates is different from the mean time
worked by the senior associates? Assume both populations are approximately normally distributed.

Junior

1 = 58.1
1 = 5.2
1 = 15

Senior

2 = 53.4
2 = 6.5
2 = 12

: 1 = 2
1 : 1 2 (claim)
Since this is a two-tailed test with = 0.10 and = 11,
the critical value is: = 1.796

Compute the test value:

1
2
2
1

22

1 + 2

58.1 53.4
2
2
5.2 + 6.5
12
15

= 2.037

1.796

1.796
2.037
REJECT H 0 . There is enough evidence to support the claim that the mean hours worked
weekly by junior associates differs from the mean hours worked by senior associates.

4. (8 points) Find the 99% (SHOULD HAVE SAID 90%) confidence interval of the true difference in
means for the data in the previous problem. Do the results of the confidence interval agree with the
results of the hypothesis test above? Explain why or why not.
We have and = 11, we have: 2 = 1.796 (No deduction if used = 3.106 for 99% C.I.)
The confidence interval of the true difference in means is
1
2 2

5.22 6.52

58.1 53.4 1.796

+
= 0.56;
15
12

12
1

22
2

5.22 6.52

58.1 53.4 + 1.796

+
= 8.84
15
12

So the confidence interval is: 0.56 < 1 2 < 8.84

The confidence interval for the true difference in means agrees with the hypothesis test. Since
the interval does not contain 0, the conclusion would be NOT to reject H 0 .
If used = 3.106 for 99% C.I, the C.I. would NOT agree since in that case it does contain
0; however, cant compare C.I. to H.T at different levels of . No deduction since there
was a typo in the problem.

Stat 200 Exam 5A: Chpt. 9

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5. (12 points) A Calculus class was given a pretest on prerequisite algebra skills. Then the class was
given a six-page review handout to study for two days. At the next class they were given another test.
Is there sufficient evidence to conclude that the scores improved? Use = 0.01.

Student
A

Pretest (1 )
61

Posttest (2 )
65

= 1 2
4

2 = (1 2 )2
16

84

86

52

50

57

57

48

49

80

81

= 6
=

6
=
= 1

= 26

2 ( )2
6 26 (6)2
120

=
=
=2
( 1)
65
30

Since the claim is that the scores improved,

: = 0
this means that on average:
1 : < 0 (claim)
1 < 2 so: 1 2 < 0
Since this is a left-tailed test with = 0.01and = 5, the
critical value is: = 3.365
Compute the test value:

1
26

= 1.225
3.365

1.225

DO NOT REJECT H 0 . There is not enough evidence to support the claim that the scores
improved.

Stat 200 Exam 5A: Chpt. 9

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6. (12 points) Out of a random sample of 300 drivers aged 25 64 years, 250 reported that they
regularly wear a seat belt. For a random sample of 275 drivers aged 15 24 years, 210 of them
reported that they always wear a seat belt. At = 0.05, test the claim that a higher proportion of
people in the older group use seat belts.
25 64

15 24

1 = 250
= 300
1 = 0.833

2 = 210
2 = 275
2 = 0.764

: 1 = 2
1 : 1 > 2 (claim)
Since this is a right-tailed test with = 0.05 the
critical value is: = 1.645

Compute the test value:

250 + 210
= 0.80
300 + 275

= 1 0.80 = 0.20
1.645
2.07

1 2
1
1
( + )
1 2

0.833 0.764
0.8(0.2) ( 1 + 1 )
300 275

= 2.07

REJECT H 0 . There is enough evidence to support the claim that a higher proportion of people in
the older group use seat belts.

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7. (12 points) Students are randomly separated into two groups, to compare the effectiveness of two
teaching methods. The first group is taught by method 1, and the second group by method 2. The
teacher believes that the second teaching method will increase the mean score on a comprehensive
exam given to all students at the end of the course. The results are given below. At = 0.05, can
the teachers claim be justified?

Method 1

1 = 74.8
1 = 14
1 = 49

: 1 = 2
1 : 1 < 2 (claim)

Method 2

2 = 81.3
2 = 15
2 = 50

Since this is a left-tailed test with = 0.05

the critical value is: = 1.645

Compute the test value:

1
2

12 22
1 + 2

74.8 81.3

142
49

152

= 2.23

50
1.645
2.23

REJECT . There is enough evidence to support the claim that the students taught with
method 2 have higher exam scores.
BONUS (Up to 4 points): Consider a z-test for:

: 1 = 2
1 : 1 > 2
with sample means
1 = 38 and
2 = 30. Let denote the standard error of the difference, that is,
2

= 1 + 2. What is the maximum value of (to 3 decimal places) that will result in a decision to
REJECT at = 0.01?

Since this is a right-tailed test, the critical value for = 0.01 is = 2.326. Thus,
would need a test value > 2.326 in order to reject :

38 30
> 2.326

8 > 2.326
8
>
2.326
3.439 >
So the decision would be made to reject if < 3.439.
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