SMK PGRI MUARA KOMAM

MATERI ADMINISTRASI SERVER DEBIAN

TEKNIK KOMPUTER DAN JARINGAN

Nama :

Sekolah :

Kelas :

Jurusan :

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SKEMA JARINGAN [NETWORK TOPOLOGY]
DEBIAN SERVER

TKJ

Disusun oleh : Rija Arsani

INSTALLASI SYSTEM OPERASI SERVER DEBIAN

Installer boot menu

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 Install Graphical install Advanced options Help

Choose a language: English

Choose a country, territory or area: Other

Choose a continent or region: Asia

Choose a country, territory or area: Indonesia

Keymap to use: American English

Configure the network: Continue

Network configuration method: Configure network manually Do not configure the network at this time

Configure the network:

IP address:192.168.1.1 Netmask:255.255.255.0 Gateway:192.168.1.1 Name server addresses:192.168.1.1

Hostname:debian server Domain name:smk-pgri.sch.id

Configure the clock: Makasar

Partitioning method: Guided use entire disk

Select disk to partition: 300 GB HARDDISK

Partitionong scheme: All files in one partition

Finish partitioning and write changes to disk

Write the changes to disks ? Yes

Root password:1 Re-enter password to verify:1

Full name for the new user:tkj Username for your account:tkj

Choose a password for the new user:1 Re-enter password to verify:1

Scan another CD or DVD? No

Use a network mirror? No

Participate in the package usage userver? No

Choose software to install: [ ] Desktop environment [*] Standard system => Server Mode Text

[*] Desktop environment [*] Standard system => Server Mode GUI

Install the GRUB boot loader to the master boot record? yes

*Login

server login : root

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Password:

server:`#

#Login Selesai

*Setting IP address pada LAN Card (Network)

server:`# pico /etc/network/interfaces

Kode Gambar.1a

Save = Ctrl + X + Y Enter

server:`# /etc/init.d/networking restart

server:`# ping 192.168.1.1

64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.287 ms

64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.074 ms

64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.063 ms

Ctrl + C

#Setting IP address pada LAN Card (Network) selesai

*Installasi paket bind9 ( DNS ) / Domain name system / domain name service / domain name server )

server:`# apt-get install bind9

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server:`# pico /etc/bind/named.conf

Kode Gambar.1b

Save = Ctrl + X + Y Enter

server:`# pico /etc/bind/db.local

Kode Gambar.1c

Save = Ctrl + X + Y Enter

server:`# pico /etc/bind/db.127

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 Kode Gambar.1d

Save = Ctrl + X + Y Enter

server:`# pico /etc/hosts => isi dari file hosts tidak usah di edit

server:`# pico /etc/resolv.conf => isi dari file resolv.conf tidak usah di edit

karena search smk-pgri.sch.id dan nameserver 192.168.1.1 sudah terpasang waktu installasi

server:`# /etc/init.d/bind9 restart

server:`# ping www

64 bytes from . . . . ( Ctrl + C )

server:`# nslookup smk-pgri.sch.id

Server: 192.168.1.1

Address:192.168.1.1#53

server:`# nslookup 192.168.1.1

Server: 192.168.1.1

Address:192.168.1.1#53
#Installasi paket aplikasi bind9 (DNS)
1.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa name = smk-pgri.sch.id. selesai

*Installasi paket WEB Server

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server:`# apt-get install apache2 links

server:`# pico /var/www/index.html

<marquee><h1>Selamat datang di Website SMK-PGRI<h1></marquee>

Kode Gambar.2a

server:`# /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

server:`# pico /var/www/info.php

<?php

phpinfo();

?>

#Installasi paket WEB Server selesai

*Membuka port 22 , tujuan nya agar server debian bisa di remote oleh komputer client

server:`# apt-get install ssh

server:`# pico /etc/ssh/sshd_config

Kode Gambar.2b

Catatan : Port hanya menerima angka tidak boleh huruf, Port minimal terdiri satu angka dan maximal terdiri dari
lima angka. NB : jika menggunakan file zilla maka port yang bisa di pakai hanya port default (asal) yakni 22 , jika
port di rubah maka gunakan aplikasi WINScp untuk mengupload file ke FTP Server.

server:`# /etc/init.d/ssh restart

#Pembukaan port 22 selesai

*Installasi paket aplikasi DHCP Server

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server:`# iptables t nat A POSTROUTING j MASQUERADE

server:`# echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

server:`# pico /etc/sysctl.conf

net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 [hapus tanda #]

server:`# iptables-save [cara cepat menyimpan iptables]

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server:`# pico /etc/rc.local [cara lambat menyimpan iptables]

# By Default this script does nothing.

iptables t nat A POSTROUTING j MASQUERADE

iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING p tcp - -dport 80 -j REDIRECT - -to-port

3128

iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING p tcp - -dport 443 -j REDIRECT - -to-port

3128

exit 0

*Installasi paket aplikasi FTP Server

server:`# apt-get install vsftpd

server:`# pico /etc/vsftpd.conf

Kode Gambar.2c

server:`# pico /home/ftp/siswa.txt [ isinya data siswa ]

server:`# mkdir /home/ftp/data_tkj [ membuat folder data_tkj ]

server:`# mkdir /home/ftp/data_tsm [ membuat folder data_tsm ]

server:`# pico /home/ftp/data_tkj/tkj.doc [ isinya data tkj ]

server:`# pico /home/ftp/data_tsm/tsm.doc [ isinya data tsm ]

server:`# /etc/init.d/vsftpd restart

#Installasi paket aplikasi FTP Server Selesai

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 *Memasukan atau mengupload file ke FTP Server Debian menggunakan aplikasi FileZilla

Kode Gambar.2d

Kode Gambar.3a

*Memasukan atau mengupload file ke FTP Server Debian Selesai

NB : jika menggunakan proftpd maka sebaiknya harus anon login setiap user yang di buat di server hanya user
itu yang bisa mengakses ftp server dengan folder user itu dan data yang ada pada folder user itu sendiri.

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 *Installasi paket aplikasi NTP Server

server:`# apt-get install ntp ntpdate

server:`# pico /etc/ntp.conf

Kode Gambar.3b

Kode Gambar.3c

server:`# /etc/init.d/ntp restart

*Installasi paket pendukung mail server, squirrelmail dan database server

server:`# apt-get install php5 postfix dovecot imapd mysql-server phpmyadmin squirrelmail

Kode Gambar.3d

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Kode Gambar.4a

Kode Gambar.4b

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Kode Gambar.4c

Kode Gambar.4d

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 Kode Gambar.5a

server:`# pico /etc/postfix/main.cf

Kode Gambar.5b

server:`# mkdir /etc/skel/mail [tidak perlu di kerjakan pada debian 5]

server:`# pico /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf [tidak perlu di kerjakan pada debian 5]

ctrl+w = mail_location = mbox [tidak perlu di kerjakan pada debian 5]

Kode Gambar.5c

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server:`# pico /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default

Kode Gambar.5d

server:`# /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

Kode Gambar.6a

Kode Gambar.6b

#Installasi paket pendukung mail server, squirrelmail dan database server selesai ^_^

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 *Installasi paket aplikasi File Server

server:`# apt-get install samba

Kode

Gambar.6c

Kode Gambar.6d

server:`# mkdir /data

server:`# mkdir /data/internal

server:`# mkdir /data/public

server:`# chmod 755 /data/public/ -R

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server:`# chmod 777 /data/internal/

server:`# useradd pengelola

server:`# smbpasswd -a pengelola

New SMB passwd: access

Retype New SMB passwd: access

Added user pengelola.

server:`# pico /etc/samba/smb.conf

ctrl+w = security

Kode Gambar.7a

Kode Gambar.7b

server:`# /etc/init.d/samba restart

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 PROXY SERVER TRANSPARENT

server:`# apt-get install squid

server:`# pico /etc/squid/squid.conf

ctrl + w = CONNECT method

acl blok dstdom_regex /etc/squid/ blok

http_access deny blok

acl lan src 192.168.1.0/24

http_access allow lan

cache_mgr siswa@smk-pgri.sch.id

visible_hostname www.smk-pgri.sch.id

ctrl + w : http_port 3128 transparent [tambahkan transparent

port maximal 5 angka]

server:`# pico /etc/squid/blok

www.youtube.com

youtube.com

server:`# iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING p tcp - -dport 80 -j REDIRECT - -to-

port 3128

server:`# iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING p tcp - -dport 443 -j REDIRECT - -to-

port 3128

server:`# iptables-save [cara cepat menyimpan iptables]

server:`# /etc/init.d/squid restart

server:`# squid -z

server:`# tail -f /var/log/squid/access.log

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*Pengujian DNS, WEB, FTP, NTP, Samba dan Mail Server Pada Komputer Client

UJI DNS SERVER

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UJI WEB SERVER

Kode Gambar.7c

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UJI FTP SERVER

Kode Gambar.7d

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 UJI NTP SERVER

StartControl PanelDate and TimeInternet TimeChange Setting

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UJI SAMBA SERVER

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UJI MAIL SERVER

Kode Gambar.8a

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 UJI DATABASE SERVER

Kode Gambar.8b

Kode Gambar.8c

#Pengujian DNS, FTP, WEB, Database server dan Mail Server Pada Komputer Client SELESAI !!! ^_^

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26
Kalau @ IN MX (si @ di ganti dengan 1w) hasil cek pada nslookup
set type=mx akan berbeda

nslookup
Default Server:Unknown (Server Tidak Diketahui kadang ntp / mail)
Address: 192.168.43.1 / 192.168.10.1 (IP Device Modem)

yahoo.com
98.138.253.109 (IP Utama Yahoo)
206.190.36.45
98.139.183.24

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ns1.yahoo.com
68.180.131.16

set type=mx
yahoo.com

google.com

yahoo.co.od

google.co.id

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set type=ptr (bisa di uji pada client debian)
IP yahoo.com

IP yahoo.co.id

set type=a

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