1

CNS 14984-1( - 1040544)

Power transformers Part 1: General

- 1030508 - 1040544
IE C 60076-1: 2011

1.
( )

1 kVA 5 kVA
1, 000 V
(i n str um en t tr an sfor m er s)
(r ol l in g st ock)




( )

(
1, 000 V )



(IE C 60076-6)
 2

(CNS 14983(IE C 60076-11))

(IE C 60076-13)
(IE C 60076-15)
(CNS 14984-16(IE C 60076-16))
(IE C 60310)
(IE C 61378-1)
(IE C 61378-2)

2.

( ) ( )
IE C 60076-2 Power t ran sfor m er s Part 2: Tem per at ur e ri se for l i qui d-im m er sed
t ran sfor m er s
IE C 60076-3: 2000 Power t r an sfor m er s Par t 3: In sul at i on l evel s, di el ect r i c t est s a n d
ext er n al cl ea ran ces i n air
IE C 60076-5: 2006 Power t ran sfor m er s Part 5: Abi l i t y t o wi t h st a nd sh or t ci r cui t
IE C 60076-10: 2001 Power t ran sfor m er s Part 10: Det er m in at i on of s oun d l evel s
IE C 60076-11: 2004 Power t ran sfor m er s Part 11: Dr y-t ype t r an sfor m er s
IE C 60137: 2008 In sul a t ed bush in gs for a l t ern a tin g vol t a ges a bove 1 000 V
IE C 60214-1: 2003 Ta p-ch an ger s Par t 1: Per for m an ce r equir em en t s an d t est m et h ods
IE C 60296: 2003 Fl ui ds for el ect r ot e ch n i ca l a ppl i ca ti on s Un used m in era l in sul a t in g oi l s
 3

for tr an sfor m er s an d swi t ch gea r

IE C 60721-3-4: 1995 Cl a ssi fi ca t i on of en vi r on m en t al con di ti on s Pa rt 3: Cl a ssi fi ca t i on of
gr oups of en vi r on m en t al par a m et er s an d th eir se ver i t i es Sect i on 4:
St a t i on ar y us e a t n on -wea t h er pr ot ect ed l oca t i on s
ISO 9001: 2008 Qua l i t y m a n a gem en t syst em s Requi r em en t s
3.

(IE V)

3. 1
3. 1. 1 (powe r tr ansfor me r )
2


[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-01-01, m odi fi ed]

3. 1. 2 (auto-tr ansf or me r )
2
[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-01-11]
(sepa r a t e wi n din g)
(dou bl e- woun d) ( IE C 60050-421: 1990 421-01-13)

3. 1. 3 (se r ie s tr ansfor me r )
/
(en ergi z ing wi n din g)
[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-01-12, m odi fi ed]
(boost er tr an sfor m er s)
 4

3. 1. 4 (l i qui d-i mme r se d type tr ansfor me r )

3. 1. 5 (dr y-type tr ansfor me r )

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-01-16]

3. 1. 6 (l i qui d pre se r vati on syste m)

3. 1. 7 (spe c i fie d val ue )

3. 1. 8 (de si gn val ue )

3. 1. 9 U m (hi ghe st vol tage for e qui p me nt U m appl i c abl e

to a tr ansf or me r wi ndi ng)

 5

3. 2 (ter mi nal s and ne utr al poi nt )

3. 2. 1 (ter mi nal )

3. 2. 2 (l i ne ter mi nal )

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-02-01]

3. 2. 3 (ne utr al te r mi nal )

(a )
Z ( )
(b)

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-02-02, m odi fi ed]

3. 2. 4 (ne utr al poi nt)

3. 2. 5 (c or re spondi ng te r mi nal s)

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-02-03]
 6

3. 3 (wi ndi ngs)

3. 3. 1 (wi ndi ng)

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-03-01, m odi fi ed]
( 3. 3. 3)

3. 3. 2 (tappe d wi ndi ng)

3. 3. 3 (phase wi ndi ng)

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-03-02, m odi fi ed]

3. 3. 4 (hi gh-vol tage wi ndi ng, H V wi ndi ng)

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-03-03]

3. 3. 5 (l ow-vol tage wi ndi ng, LV wi ndi ng)

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-03-04]

 7

3. 3. 6 (i nte r me di ate -vol tage wi ndi ng)

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-03-05]
( )

( IE V 421-03-06 07)
(t er t i ar y wi n di n g) 3. 3. 8

3. 3. 7 (auxi l i ar y wi ndi ng)

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-03-08]
3. 3. 8 (stabi l i zi ng wi ndi ng)
- -Z
3. 7. 3
[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-03-09, m odi fi ed]

3. 3. 9 (c ommon wi ndi ng)

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-03-10]
3. 3. 10 (se r ie s wi ndi ng)

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-03-11, m odi fi ed]
 8

3. 3. 11 ( ) (e ne r gi z i ng wi ndi ng (of a se r i e s tr ansfor me r ))

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-03-12, m odi fi ed]
3. 3. 12 (auto-c on ne c te d wi ndi ng)

3. 4 (r ati ng)
3. 4. 1 (r ati ng)

3. 4. 2 (r ate d quanti ti e s)
( )
1. (
3. 5. 2) (
3. 5. 9)
2.
 9

3. 4. 3 U r (r ate d vol tage of a wi ndi ng)

( 3. 5. 2)


[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-04-01, m odi fi ed]
1.

2.

3 U r = 400/ 3 kV

3.

4. ( 3. 10. 5)

3. 4. 4 (r ate d vol tage r ati o)

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-04-02, m odi fi ed]
3. 4. 5 f r (r ate d fre que nc y)

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-04-03, m odi fi ed]
3. 4. 6 S r (r ate d powe r )
(a ppar en t power ) (c on ven t i on a l va l ue)

2

 10

3. 4. 7 I r (r ate d c ur re nt)
(S r ) (U r )
[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-04-05, m odi fi ed]
1. I r

Sr
Ir
3 U r

2.

I line
Ir
3
3.

Sr
Ir
Ur

4. ( 3. 10. 5)

 11

Sr
Ir
U r

3. 5 (tappi ng)
3. 5. 1 (tappi ng)




3. 5. 2 (pr i nc i pal tappi ng)

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-05-02]

3. 5. 3 (tappi ng fac tor ) ( )

Ud U
() 100 d ()
Ur Ur

U r ( 3. 4. 3)
Ud


Ur
[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-05-03, m odi fi ed]
 12

3. 5. 4 (pl us tappi ng)

1
[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-05-04]

3. 5. 5 (mi nus tappi ng)

1
[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-05-05]
3. 5. 6 (tappi ng ste p)
2
[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-05-06]

3. 5. 7 (tappi ng r ange )
100
100+ a 100 b +a %b % a %(
a = b) [IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-05-07]

3. 5. 8 (tappi ng vol tage r ati o) ( )

 13

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-05-08]

1 1
1

3. 5. 9 (tappi ng quanti ti e s)
( )
( 6. 2
6. 3)

( 3. 4. 3)
( 3. 4. 6)
( 3. 4. 7)
[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-05-10, m odi fi ed]

3. 5. 10 (ful l -powe r tappi ng)

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-05-14]

3. 5. 11 (re duc e d-powe r tappi ng)

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-05-15]
 14

3. 5. 12 O LTC (on-l oad tap-c hang e r )

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-11-01]
3. 5. 13 DETC (de -e ner gi z e d tap-c hange r )
( )

3. 5. 14 (maxi mum al l owa b l e tappi ng se r vi c e vol tage )

1. U m
2. 105 %
6. 4. 2

3. 6 (l osse s and n o-l oad c ur r e nt)

( 3. 5. 2)
3. 6. 1 (no-l oa d l os s)
( )

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-06-01, m odi fi ed]
3. 6. 2 (no-l oa d c ur re nt)
( )
(r. m. s. )
 15

1.
2.

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-06-02, m odi fi ed]

3. 6. 3 (l oad l oss)
( 11. 1)
( )

1. 1
( IE C 60076-8: 1997
7 )

2.

3. 6. 4 (total l osse s)

 16

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-06-05, m odi fi ed]

3. 7 (shor t-c i r c ui t i mpe danc e and vol tage dr op)

3. 7. 1 (shor t-c i rc ui t i mpe da nc e of a pai r of wi ndi ngs )
Z= R + j X (ohm s)

( )
1.

2. z
Zre f

Z
z 100
Z ref

U2
Z ref ( )
Sr

U Z Z r e f ( )
Sr

( )
( ) [IE V
421-07-01]
 17

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-07-02, m odi fi ed]

3. 7. 2 (vol tage drop or r i se for a spe c i fi e d l oad

c ondi ti on)

( )
( )



( IE C 60076-8)
[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-07-03]

3. 7. 3 ( ) [z e ro-se q ue nc e i mpe danc e (of a thre e -phase wi ndi ng)]

Z
oh m s/
[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-07-04 m odi fi ed]

1.
2.

3. ( ) ( 3. 7. 1)
 18

3. 8 (te mpe r atur e r i se )

( IE C 60076-2)
[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-08-01 m odi fi ed]
3. 9 (i nsul ati on)
IE C 60076-3
3. 10 (c onne c ti ons)
3. 10. 1 (star c onne c ti on)
3
( )
[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-10-01, m odi fi ed]
Y

3. 10. 2 (de l ta c onne c ti on)

3

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-10-02, m odi fi ed]
D
3. 10. 3 (ope n-de l ta c onne c ti on)
3

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-10-03]
 19

3. 10. 4 Z Z (zi gz ag c onne c ti on(Z-c on ne c ti on) )

1 2 1
2 1

D
3. 10. 5 (ope n wi ndi ng)

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-10-05, m odi fi ed]

3. 10. 6 ( ) (phase di spl ac e me nt (of a thre e -phase wi ndi ng))

( )
(ph a sor )

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-10-05, m odi fi ed]
1. 7 D
2.
12 (
)
 20

3. 10. 7 (c onne c ti on sy mb ol )
( )

[IE C 60050-421: 1990, 421-10-09, m odi fi ed]

3. 11
3. 11. 1 (routi ne te st)

3. 11. 2 (type te st)

1.
2.

3. 20 MVA Um 72. 5 kV

 21

3. 11. 3 (spe c i al te st)

3. 12 (me te orol ogi c al data wi th re spe c t to c ool i ng)

3. 12. 1 (te mpe r ature of c ool i n g me di um at any ti me )

3. 12. 2 (mont hl y ave r age te mpe r ature )
1/ 2
3. 12. 3 (ye ar l y ave r age te mpe r ature )
1/ 12

3. 13 (othe r de fi ni ti ons)
3. 13. 1 (l oad c ur re nt)
(r. m. s. )
3. 13. 2 (total har moni c c onte nt)
(E 1 , I 1 )
i n
2
Ei
i2
= ( )
E1
 22

i n 2
Ii
i2
= ( )
I1

Ei i
Ii i

3. 13. 3 (e ve n har moni c c onte nt)

(E 1 , I 1 )
in
2
E
i 1
2i
= ( )
E1
i n
2
I
i 1
2i
= ( )
I1
Ei i
Ii i
 23

4.
4. 1
4. 2
5. 5

A

IE C 60076-2
IE C 60076-11
I E C 60076-3 IE C
60076-11

4. 2

(a )
1, 000 m
(b)

40
30
20
 24

25
5
3. 12

1. 25
25

25
20

3. 12

IE C 60076-2
IE C 60076-11
2. / /

3. (r el eva n t t em per a t ur e)


 25

(c)
5 % 1 %
(d)
5 %
4. 5 %
IE C 61378
5. 5 %

(e)

1 % ( 30 )
2 %

(f)
IE C 60137
IE C/ T S 60815
2
( a g 2 m s 0. 2 g
) IE C 60068-3-3

 26

40
IE C 60721-3-4: 1995
4K2 25
4Z2 4 Z4 4Z7
4B1
4C2
4S3
4M4

5.
5. 1 (r ate d powe r )
5. 1. 1




(a ppar en t power )

2
-


 27

4 IE C 60076-2
(
)
1. (
)
( )

( IEC 60076-8:1997 7 )

2. ( )
2

5. 1. 2
 28

20 MVA ISO 3: 1973 R10

(100, 125, 160, 200, 250, 315, 400, 500, 630, 800, 1, 000 )
kVA

5. 1. 3



4
IE C 60076-2
(ONAN, oi l n a t ura l , a ir na t ur al
ci r cul a t i on )

5. 1. 4

IE C 60076-7
IE C 60076-12



1.


2. IE C 60137
IE C 60214-1
 29

3.

5. 2 (c ool i ng mode )
( )

IE C 60076-2
5. 3 (l oad r e je c ti on )

1. 4 5 s

5. 4
5. 4. 1



5. 4. 2
 30

5. 4. 3 /
( )
IE C 60076-8
Um
(V/ Hz ) 5 %

V/ Hz 110 %
K (0K1)
U fr
100 110 5K (% )
Ur f

V/ Hz
 31

5. 5

4. 2

4. 2


4. 2



4. 2
4. 2
13

4. 2


24 ( en ergi sa t i on )

/ (V/ Hz ) 5. 4. 3
 32

(g en er a t or st ep up tra n sfor m er )
(ba ck- fe ed)
4. 2 ISO 1294 4

5. 3

4
1, 000 m IE C 60076-2

5. 6 U m
U m IE C 60076-3

72. 5 kV
Um
IE C 60076-3 U m

5. 7
5. 7. 1
 33

5. 7. 2
7
(st a bi l i z in g wi n din g)

( IE C 60076-8)
(sh el l -for m )
(c or e-for m ) ( )

5. 7. 3

(soun d power l evel )

 34

( 5. 1. 3)

( IE C 60076-10)


IE C 60076-10

5. 7. 4
5. 7. 4. 1

5. 7. 4. 2
1 g (
)
1 g




5. 8
 35

IE C
IE C 60137 IE C 60214-1
IE C 60296

6.
6. 1
1

6. 4. 2 3
2
6. 4. 2

( 3. 5 )
 36

160 kV 21 15 %

(16010 1. 5 %)/ 66 kV

160 121.5%
81.5% / 66kV
8

( 1(a ) 1(b)
1(c))

6. 2





 37

(a ) (Con st a nt fl ux vol t a ge va r i a tion , CFVV)

1(a )
(b) (Va r i a bl e fl ux vol t a ge va r i a t ion , VFVV)

1(b)
(c) (Com bi n ed vol t a ge va r i a ti on , CbVV )

(CbVV )

CFVV
VFV V
1(c)
 38

1(a ) (CFVV) 1( b) (VFV V)

(U A )
( I B
)
( CFV V )

UA IA

UB IB

SAB
(
)
1

 39

2



1(c) (C bV V)
1

6. 3



2, 500 kVA 5 %

5 %


1 1
1(a ) CFVV 1(b) VF VV


 40

( 1(a ) 1( b) 1( c))
CbVV CF VV VFVV

( 1(c))

6. 4
6. 4. 1
6. 4. 2 6. 4. 3

VFV V



6. 4. 2 6. 4. 3

IE C 60078-8

 41

6. 4. 2

(a )
(b) ( )


(c) CbVV ( 6. 2)
(d) ( )
(c) (d) ( B )

6. 4. 3


5 % 2 500 kVA

5
(a ) (power fl ow) ( )
(b)

1.
+ 5 % -10 % 11
(c)
2.

(d)
(e) ( )
(f)
 42

IE C 60076-2

( )

B ( 4)
( )

( IE C 60076-8 )

 43

6. 5
5 %
Z( / ) z
(3. 7. 1)
5 % 5 %
Z z
( 11. 4) 10
z ( ) ( )

1.

( IE C 60076-8 6 )

2.
( )


z Z ( C)
10
 44

3. 10

4.
Z z

6. 6

(a ) 5 % 2, 500 kVA

(b) 5 % 2, 500 kVA




( )

IE C 60076-2


1.
IE C 60076-2

2.


 45

7.
7. 1
7. 1. 1

Z Y D Z (HV) y d z
(LV)
Z YN( yn ) ZN(z n )

a
(
(l in e wi n di n g)) III(HV) i i i (
)

( 3. 10. 6)
D
 46

7. 1. 2

( 2 )
I 12 I

IIIIII

IE C/ T R60616

7. 1. 3
 47

( )
+ d + y

YNa 0+ d YNa 0+ y

7. 1. 4


HV( ) 220 kV 110 kV( )
220 kV LV( ) 10. 5 kV
YNd11 220(110)/ 10. 5 kV
LV 11 kV 6. 35 kV 11 kV HV
110 kV
YN y0 (d11) 110/ 11(6. 35)kV
LV ( 11 kV) d11
HV 110 kV
YNd11(d1) 110/ 11kV

7. 1. 5
2 3
 48

20 kV 400 V
330
D yn 11 20, 000/ 400 V
123 kV 36 kV
HV 7. 2 kV
150
YN yn 0d5 123/ 36/ 7. 2 kV
HV 400 kV 130 kV 22 kV

330

400 130
YNa 0d11 / 22 kV
3 3

400 130
/ 22 kV
YNa 0+ d 3 3

 49

HV 400 kV 130 kV 22 kV

330
YNa 0d11 400/ 130/ 22 kV


YNa 0+ d 400/ 130/ 22 kV
20 kV 8. 4 kV
330
YNd11 20/ 8. 4 kV
 50

20 kV HV 10 kV
Di i i 20/ 10 kV
220 kV HV 40 kV 10 kV

YNi i i d5 220/ 40/ 10 kV
400 kV 40 k V
IIId 400/ 40 kV

7. 2
7. 2. 1
I ( HV) i
(LV)

( 3. 10. 6)
a
 51

7. 2. 2
0
6
7. 2. 3

+i
Ii 0+ i

7. 2. 4


HV 220 kV 110 kV( )
Ii 0 220(110)/ 27. 5 kV
LV 0 11 kV 6 5. 5 kV 0 11 kV
HV 110 kV
Ii 0(i 6) 110/ 11(5. 5)kV
LV ( 11 kV) i 0
HV 110 kV
Ii 0(i 6) 110/ 11kV

4 5
2
 52

20 kV 400 V
Ii 0 20, 000/ 400 V
HV 123 kV 36 kV HV
3 7. 2 kV 180
Ii 0i 6 123/ 36/ 7. 2 kV
HV 400 kV 130 kV 22 kV

 53

Ii 0+ I 400/ 130/ 22 kV
3 3
Ii 0+ I 400/ 130/ 22 kV

8.
8. 1

8. 2
(a ) ( )
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g) (kVA MVA) (
)
(h ) (Hz )
(i ) (V kV )
(j) (A kA )
(k)
(l )
 54

6. 5 8. 3 ( b)
(m ) (
ONAN/ ONA F 70/ 100 %)
(n )
(o) IE C
(p)
1
1

8. 3

(a ) 1 U m 3. 6 kV
( ) IE C 60076-3
(b)
72. 5 kV 20 MVA( ) 6. 7
MVA( ) 5 %

 55

2

(c) ( )

(d) ( )



(e) ( )
(f) ( 5 )[un t an kin g ma ss ]
(g)
(h ) -
(i ) ( wi n di n g t em per at ur e in di ca t or, WT I)
WT I

 56

(j) (VA
)
(k) 5 25
( )

9.
9. 1
9. 1. 1







9. 1. 2

 57

ISO 14122 -

9. 2
( )
( IE C 60076-8)


 58

9. 3


( )












IE C 60076-7


 59

9. 4





(ge om a gn et i ca l l y i n duced cur r en t s, G IC)










IE C 60076-8: 1997 4. 11
 60

9. 5
5

10.




1

+ 10 %
1. (a ) 1

(b) 1
+ 15 %
 61

2. 1
/ (a ) 0. 5 %
(b) 1/ 10

(a ) (b)

(a ) (b)

3.

1

10 % 7. 5 %
(a )
10 % 10 %

10 % 10 %
(b)
10 % 15 %

4.
1
2

(a ) 10 %
(b) 10 %

15 %

5. + 30 %

1.

2.




 62

11.
11. 1
11. 1. 1

10 40 IE C 60076-2

(
)


/
 63

ISO 9001, 4. 11

IEC 60060 IEC 60076-8

(a ) IE C 60076-11(CNS 14983)
(b) O F O N 65 K OD 70 K
(1) 75
(2) 20

(c) 2 0

( b) (a ) ( c) ( )
(b) 2
 64

1.

2. 20

3.

1 %
5 %
11. 5

3 %

 65

11. 1. 2
11. 1. 2. 1
(a ) (11. 2)
(b) (11. 3)
(c) (11. 4)
(d) (11. 5)
(e) (IE C 60076-3)
(f) (11. 7)
(g) ( )(11. 8)
(h ) ( IE C 60076-15)
(i )
(j) (11. 12)

11. 1. 2. 2 U m > 72. 5k V

(a )
(b)
(c) (di ssi pa t i on fa ct or, t an )
 66

(d)
(e) 90 % 110 % (11. 5)

11. 1. 3
(a ) (IE C 60076-2)
(b) (IE C 60076-3)
(c) (IE C 60076-10)
(d)
(e) 90 % 110 %

11. 1. 4
(a ) (IE C 60076-3)
(b)
(c)
(d) (t an )
(e) (IE C 60076-3: 2000 B)
(f) (11. 6)
(g) (IE C 60076-5)
(h )
(i ) (11. 9)
(j) (11. 10)
(k) (11. 11)
(l ) (Fr equen c y Resp on se An a l ysi s, F RA)

(m ) (ISO 2178 I SO 2409 )
 67

(n )
(o) ( )
(p) 1. 6 MVA

11. 2
11. 2. 1


11. 2. 2
3 3 h
2


 68

11. 2. 3
3 h


5 K
11. 3

11. 4

( 6. 5
6. 6) ( ) 50 %

5 K
 69

( )
(11. 1) I 2 R (R )
11. 2 E

5 %
5 %
5 %

( IE C 60076-8)

1. 2
( ) 2

2.

 70

( IE C 60076-8)

11. 5



11. 1. 2 11. 1. 3 90 % 110 %(
)


3

(r. m. s. ) U

U

YN ZN
 71

U U 3 % 3 %


1.

Pm

Po Pm (1 d )

U U
d ( )
U


2.
/

/

11. 6
 72

Z
/ 3U/ I U I

I/ 3

1 (
3. 7. 3)

YY
(HV) (LV)
HV LV
LV HV
LV HV
YD Y
1 2
1

 73

1.

2.
Z


3.

4. IE C 60076-8

11. 7

(a ) 8 (
)
(b) 85 % 1
(c) 1
(d) 2
10 2
( 20 )
 74

11. 8 ( )

30 kPa 20 MVA 72. 5 kV
24 h 8 h

11. 9








1
3
1




 75

(a ) 20 MVA 100 MVA 1 m m

(b) 100 MVA ( ) 5 m m

11. 10




35 kPa
10 kPa
 76

(
)

3
1

(a ) 20 MVA 100 MVA 1 m m

(b) 100 MVA ( ) 5 m m

 77

11. 11



2 h


30 0. 2 kPa / hr

11. 12
/

500 V 1

2, 500 V 1
 78

12. (EM C)

1.
2.

13.
SF 6 / ( )
M Hz
-
/

IE E E C57. 142

 79

A
( )

A. 1
A. 1. 1

(a )
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
( IE C 60529)
(g)
(h )

(i ) 5 %
( )

(j)
(k) ( 6. 4)

 80

5 % (
)

( )

(l ) (Um )( IE C 60076-3)
(m ) ( )
(n ) ( IE C 60076-3)
(o)
(p)
(q) ( )
(r )
(s)
(t )

(u)
(v) ( 4 5. 5)
(w)
(x)
 81

A. 1. 2

(a ) ( IE C 60076-3)
(b)
(c) ( C)
( )
(d) 1
(e)
(f) ( )
( IE C 60076-5)

(g) ( IE C 60076-10)
(h )
 82

(i )
(j)
(k)

(l ) 5. 7. 4. 2

(m ) 5. 7. 4 4. 2
(n )
(o)
(p) ( F)

(q)
G
(r )
G

(s)
(1)

(2)

(3) (GIS)
(4)
(5) 5. 1. 4 ( )
 83

(6)
(7)

(8) (kVA
)
(9) 110 % 110 % V/ Hz
(10)

(11) IE C 60076-5
(12)

(13)
(14)


(15)

(16) 24
(17)
 84

(t )
(1) 1, 000 m (3300 ft )
(2) 4. 2(b)
(3)
(4)

(5)

A. 2

(a )
(b)
(c)
(d) 11. 1
(e)
5 %
(f)

 85

B
( )

B . 1 1
66 kV/ 20 kV 40 MVA 66 k V 10 % 11

(665 2 %)/ 20 kV
CFVV
40MVA
66 kV/ 20 kV
66 kV( 10 %)
11

6 %
6 %
6 % 10 % 372 A -10 %
38. 3 MVA

B . 2 2
 86

66 kV/ 6 kV 20 MVA + 15 % 5 %
1 6/ 0. 95= 6. 32 kV
6/ 1. 15= 5. 22 kV
VFVV
20 MVA
66 kV/ 6 kV
66 kV( + 15 % 5 %)
13
6 kV 6. 32 kV 6 kV 5. 22 kV

+5 %
+ 5 % + 15 % 2020 A
18. 3 MVA

B . 3 3
160 kV/ 20 kV 40 MVA 160 kV 15 %
( ) + 6 % CFV V 9 %
160 kV 10 1. 5 %
 87

UHT UBT IHT IBT S
kV kV A A MVA

1(+15 %) 9.20 169.6 18.43 125.6 1155 36.86

7(+6 %) 8.48 169.6 20 136.2 1155 40

11(0 %) 8 160 20 144.4 1155 40

17(9 %) 7.28 145.6 20 158.7 1155 40

21(15 %) 6.80 136 20 158.7 1080 37.4

1.
2. CFV V CFV V
(16015 %)/ 20kV 40MVA
HV HV 170 kV(IE C
)
170 kV( IE C 60076-3)

B . 4 4
6. 4. 3






+ 15 % + 10 %
5 % + 15 %

 88

( ) 6.4.3

B . 4. 1 4. 1

Sr 70 MVA

220 kV/ 90 kV

+ 10 %

26

1 %

+ 10 % 15 %

70 MVA 10 %

0. 8
 89

B. 2

220 Kv



()



UHV ULV HV LV IHV ILV Stap Z ZHV
(a) kA
kV kV kV kV A A MVA % /

1(+10 %) 2.69 242 90 242 99 167 449 70 10 84 4.08

7(+5 %) 2.57 231 90 242 99 175 449 70 10 76 4.28
11(0 %) 2.44 220 90 242 99 184 449 70 10 69 4.49
17(-5 %) 2.32 209 90 242 99 193 449 70 10 62 4.73
21(-10 %) 2.20 198 90 242 99 204 449 70 10 56 4.99
27(-15 %) 2.08 187 90 242 99 216 449 70 10 50 5.28
(a) 70 MVA

1. 220 kV

220 100 S r
I SC I LV
U HV z S tap

2. z
 90

3.
2
z U HV
Z HV
100 Sr

B . 4. 2 4. 2

70 MVA

220 kV/ 90 kV

+ 10 %

26

1 %

+ 10 % ~ -15 %

70 MVA
10 %
0. 8

4. 1
1

 91

B. 3

220kV



()



UHV ULV HV LV IHV ILV Stap Z ZHV
(a) kA
kV kV kV kV A A MVA % /

1(+10 %) 2.72 220 81 242 99 165 449 63 10 69 4.99

7(+5 %) 2.57 220 85.5 242 99 175 449 66.5 10 69 4.73
11(0 %) 2.44 220 90 242 99 184 449 70 10 69 4.49
17(-5 %) 2.33 220 94.5 242 99 193 449 73.5 10 69 4.28
21(-10 %) 2.22 220 99 242 99 202 449 77 10 69 4.08
27(-15 %) 2.13 220 103.5 242 99 211 449 80.5 10 69 3.90
(a) 70 MVA
 92

C
( )

(%)

(%)

C. 1
 93

D
( )

D. 1

2 ( 7 )
D. 1
 94

D. 2

2 ( 7 )

D. 2
 95

D. 3 ( Ya 0)

D. 4 ( Yd5)
 96

E
( )

1 (11. 2)

2 (11. 4)

r (11. 1)

()

I (
)

Pa

1 R1
2 I P2
(I 2 R 2 ) (P a 2 )

235 2 225 2
R2 R1 ( ) R2 R1 ( )
235 1 225 1

Pa2 P2 I 2 R2

I 2 R2
r Rr Pa r Pr

235 2 225 2
Rr R1 ( ) Rr R1 ( )
235 1 225 1

235 2 225 2
Par Pa2 Par Pa2
235 r 225 r

75

310 300
Rr R1 ( ) Rr R1 ( )
235 1 225 1

235 2 225 2
Par Pa2 Par Pa2
310 300

Pr I 2 Rr Par
 97
 98

F
( )

CIG RE 34 3

F. 1

( )

 99

G
( )

 100

(a )
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)

(b)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)

(c)
(1) (CNS 14001( ISO 14001) )
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
 101

(d)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)

[1] IE C 60050-421: 1990, Int ern a ti on a l E l ect r ot ec hn i ca l Voca bul a r y Ch a pt er 421: Power
t ran sfor m er s an d r ea ct or s
[2] IE C 60060 (a l l par t s), Hi gh -vol t a ge t est t ech n i ques
[3] IE C 60068-3-3, En vi r on m en t al t est in g Part 3: Gui dan ce Sei sm i c t est m et h ods for
equi pm en t s
[4] IE C 60076-4, Power t ran sfor m er s Par t 4: Gui de t o l i gh tn in g im pul se an d swi t ch i n g i m pul se
t est i n g Power tr an sfor m er s an d r ea ct or s
[5] IE C 60076-6, Power tr an sfor m er s Par t 6: Rea ct or s
[6] IE C 60076-7, Power tr an sfor m er s Par t 7: Loa di n g gui de for oi l -i m m er sed power
t ran sfor m er s
[7] IE C 60076-8: 1997, Power t ran sfor m er s Part 8: Appl i ca t i on gui de
[8] IE C 60076-10-1, Power t r an sfor m er s Pa rt 10-1: Det er m i na t i on of s oun d l evel s Appl i ca t i on
gui de
[9] IE C 60076-12, Power tr an sfor m er s Par t 12: Loa din g gui de for dr y-t yp e p ower tr an sfor m er s
[10] IE C 60076-13, Power tr an sfor m er s Par t 13: Self-pr ot ect ed l i qui d -fi l l ed t ran sfor m er s
[11] IE C/ T S 60076-14, Power t r an sfor m er s Pa rt 14: Desi gn a n d a ppl i ca t i on of l i qui d -i m m er sed
power tr an sfor m er s usi n g h i gh -t em pera t ur e in sula t i on m a t er i a l s
[12] IE C 60076-15: 2008, Power tr an sfor m er s Par t 15: Ga s-fi l l ed power tr an sfor m er s
[13] IE C 60076-16, Power tr an sfor m er s Par t 16 : Tra n sfor m er s for wi n d t ur bi n es a ppl i ca t i on 1
 102

[14] IE C 60270, Hi gh vol t a ge t est t ech n i ques Par t ial di sch arge m ea sur em en t s
[15] IE C 60310, Ra i l wa y a ppl i ca t i on s Tra ct i on tra n sfor m er s an d in duct or s on boa r d r ol l in g
st ock
[16] IE C 60529: 1989, Degr ees of pr ot e ct i on pr ovi ded by en cl osur es (I P Cod e)
[17] IE C/ T R 60616: 1978, Ter min a l an d t a ppin g mar kin gs for power tr an sfor m er s
[18] IE C/ T S 60815 (a l l par t s), Sel ect i on an d di m en si on in g of h i gh -vol t a ge i n sul a t or s in t en ded for
use i n pol l ut ed con di t i on s
[19] IE C 61378 (a l l par t s), Con ver t or tr an sfor m er s
[20] IE C 61378-1, Con ver t or tr an sfor m er s Par t 1: Tr an sfor m er s for i n dustr ia l a ppl i ca t i on s
[21] IE C 61378-2, Con ver t or tr an sfor m er s Par t 2: Tr an sfor m er s for HVDC a ppl i ca t i on s
[22] BS BSE NE N6 06007097 -61-: 12: 0210111
[23] IE C 62032, Gui de for th e a ppl i ca t i on, speci fi ca t i on , an d t est i n g of pha se -sh i ft i n g
t ran sfor m er s
[24] IE C 62262, Degr ees of pr ot e ct i on pr ovi d ed by en cl osur es for el ect r i ca l equi pm en t a ga in st
ext er n al m ech ani ca l im pa ct (IK code)
[25] ISO 3: 1973, Pr efer r ed n um ber s Ser i es of pr e fer r ed n um ber s
[26] ISO 2178: 1982, Non -m a gn et i c c oa t i n gs on ma gn et i c subst r a t es Mea sur em en t of c oa t i n g
t hi ckn ess Ma gn et i c m eth od
[27] ISO 2409: 2007, Pa in t s an d varn i sh es Cr oss-cut t est
[28] ISO 12944 (al l par t s), Pa int s an d va rni sh es Cor r osi on pr ot ect i on of st e el st r uct ur es b y
pr ot ect i ve pa i n t syst em s
[29] ISO 14001, En vi r onm en ta l m an a gem en t syst em s Speci fi ca t i on wi t h gui dan ce for use
[30] ISO 14122 (a l l par t s), Sa fet y of m a ch in er y P er m an en t m ean s of a c ce ss t o m a ch i n er y
[31] ANSI/ IE E E C57. 12. 00, Gen er a l r equi r em ent s for l i qui d -i m m er sed di str i but i on , power an d
r egul a t in g tr an sfor m er s
[32] ANSI/ IE E E C57. 12. 90, IE E E st an dar d t est c ode for l i qui d -im m er sed di str i but i on , power an d
r egul a t in g tr an sfor m er s
[33] IE E E C57. 142, Gui de t o descr i be t h e oc cur r ence a n d m i t i ga t i on of s wi t ch i n g tr an si en t s
i n duced by t r a n sfor m er, swi t ch in g devi c e, an d syst em i nt er a ct i on
[34] CIGRE Br och ur e 156, Gui de for cust om er s spe ci fi ca t i on s for t ran sfor m er s 100 MVA an d 123
kV a n d a bove
[35] CIGRE Br och ur e 204, Gui de for tr an sfor m er desi gn r evi e w
[36] CIGRE Br och ur e 343, Rec om m en da t i on s for Con di ti on Mon i t or in g an d Con di t i on
Ass essm en t Fa ci l i ti es for Tr an sfor m er s

IEC 60076-1:2011 Power transformers Part 1: General