SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEBANGSAAN GHAFAR BABA

2010
TRANSPORTATION ROBOT

TRISHAW, BULLOCK CART AND CABLE CAR

Robot Promote Tourism
"Dynamic Robot Promote a National or Culture
Heritage of Malaysia"
 1. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, we would like to thank our supervisor, Encik Jamaluddin for valuable guidance and advice. He inspired us greatly in
work of this project. He willingness to motivate us contributed tremendously to our project. We also would like to thank him for showing us
some examples that are related to our project.
Besides that, we would like to thank the authority of SKK SMK Ghafar Baba for providing us a conducive environment and facilities to
complete this project. We would also like to take this opportunity to thank Tengku Hazrul for providing us the documentation methods.
Finally, an honorable mention goes to our families and friends for their understandings and supports on us in completing this project.
Without helps of the particular that mentioned above, we would face many difficulties while doing this project.
 2. TEAM BIODATA
Programmer
Name : Lim Zhen En

I/C no. : 940510-05-5061

Age : 16

School : SMK Ghafar Baba

Builder
Name : Aiman Bin Supawi

I/C no. : 940830-05-5183

Age : 16

School : SMK Ghafar Baba

Presenter
Name : Arjunan a/l K. Ganesan

I/C no. : 940511-04-5113

Age : 16

School : SMK Ghafar Baba

 3. THEME

Robot Promote Tourism

"Dynamic Robot Promote a National or Culture
Heritage of Malaysia"
 4. PROJECT MISSION, VISION AND OBJECTIVES

Mission
To produce successful young, creative and innovative generation with technical information and technologies in robot designing.

Vision
To enable students to learn and apply their technical information and technologies in robot designing skills in making robot which is able to
promote a National or Culture Heritage of Malaysia.

Objective
1. To introduce students about Science and Technology.
2. To expose students with existence of robots that can give a lot of advantages of human.
3. To train students to cooperate with teammate and work together to build the best robot they could do.
4. To attach students on how to design and robot.
5. To be a platform in mastering practical aspect in engineering and technology.
 5. INTRODUCTION TO THE PROJECT
Tourism is one of the main source of income in Malaysia. In Malaysia, there are many races. Due to the variety of races, the culture in
Malaysia is unique. For example, the clothes, food and transportation and festive celebration. As for that, we took the opportunity given by NRC
(National Robotic Competition) to promote Malaysia’s famous transportations which are the trishaw,bullock cart and cable car. Now, many
tourists come to Malaysia especially Malacca which received title of World Heritage Site by UNESCO on 7 July 2008 and other places like
Pulau Pinang and Genting Highland.Cable car is one of the vehicle that is used to move from one place to another in hillsides. In Malaysia we
can find cable car in Langkawi and Genting Highland.Recently cable cars are used to transport tourists who want to take a look at mountains.

Nowdays the bullock cart and the trishaw are being forgetten by the residents of Malaysia. Although they know these are cultural
transportations but they just do not want to use it. After conducting a survey we found that tourists who came to Malaysia like to get a ride on
cultural transportations such as trishaw and bullock cart. So, Malaysia needs a generation of responsible citizens to safeguard its heritage.It’s not
easy to maintain our cultural transportations which have been used since our ancesters.Hence, it is our responsibility to design the cultural
transportations to safe it from forgetten and promote tourism. So, our team has build a trishaw and a bullock cart with a few modification.
 6. SYNOPSIS OF THE PROJECT
a) Background

The cycle rickshaw is a small-scale local means of transport; it is also known by a variety of other names such as pedicab,
bikecab, cyclo, becak, or trishaw or, simply, rickshaw which also refers to auto rickshaws. Cycle rickshaws are human-powered, a type
of tricycle designed to carry passengers in addition to the driver. They are often used on a for hire basis. Cycle rickshaws are widely used in
major cities around the world, but most commonly in cities of South, Southeast and East Asia. Trishaws were first introduced in Singapore in
1914 as "pedal rickshaws" or pedicabs, when bicycles were innovatively added to the passenger seat of rickshaws.In 1914, at least 15
trishaws were first registered in Singapore with fares similar to first-class rickshaws. The trishaws proved a bulkier and less manoeuvrable
vehicle compared to their more primitive brother, the rickshaw. This initial batch of trishaws in 1914 were quickly taken to be sold off in
Java and were soon forgotten. It was only in the late 1920s that trishaws returned to the island and its use increased with more Chinese
immigrants coming to Singapore and finding that trishaw riding proved a viable occupation. As it was easier to drive and offered twice the
speed of rickshaws, trishaws soon grew in popularity not only in Singapore but also in Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam and throughout Asia.
World War II and the consequent lack of petrol fuelled the use of trishaws and thus the Japanese have often been credited with its invention.
In Singapore however, the motorised trishaw never took root and the trishaw remains pedal-powered to this day.

The trishaw evolved from the Japanese invention, rickshaws. The 3-wheeler varied in design with the seat sometimes in front, and in other
parts of Asia, behind the trishaw rider. But in Singapore, the seat is located at the side of the trishaw rider: a bicycle attached to a sidecar. A
hood, like those found on the rickshaw, also provides shade for the trishaw passenger.

Bullock is a two-wheeled vehicle pulled by oxen. It is the transport used since ancient times in many places in the world. Bullock carts,
one of the earliest and most popular modes of transport in the 19th and early 20th century Singapore. They were used for a variety of
purposes, such as travelling and transportation of goods. They were phased out slowly with rising levels of traffic and the advent of
mechanised transport from 1867 onwards. It is still used today in the modern vehicles are too expensive or does not support infrastructure
car. Framework installed on the cattle cars pull with a special link that tied wooden axles, but the string may be used only for a cow or
two.Driver seated at the front, and the passengers or the goods are loaded on the back. In the tradition of carrying the goods are agricultural
products and timber.
In the early days of kampungs in Singapore, bullocks with large forehumps and flapping dewlaps were a common sight and often reared.
They powered wheeled vehicles that moved up and down cart tracts that would later develop into proper roads. These large two-wheeled
vehicles pulled by a pair of bullocks were often hired as freight haulers. The freight included water, hay, coconuts, pineapples and simple
furniture when people moved.

Bullock carts were mostly owned by Tamils, and along with trams, buses, jinrickshaws and horse carriages, they formed the main modes
of transport in the early 19th century.Fittings done to the bullocks include placing a wooden platform with a sturdy tongue between the
parallel wheels of the cart to create space for passengers or freight. The driver holding a yoke hitched to the two bullocks on one hand and a
thin whip on the other was invariably an Indian with betel juice running from his lips. The ride on bullock carts was usually bumpy. It was a
common sight to see street urchins stealing a ride by holding on to bullock carts from behind which would cause the driver to flick these
intruders off with his whip angrily.

Bullock carts significantly contributed to the early economic development of Singapore as they were used to move goods at Boat Quay and
the Port. Domestic life was also relieved by bullock carts as they transported water drawn from wells in Ang Siang Hill to the people of
different ethnic groups in Chinatown. As the water carts plied the street, the water also helped to keep down dust raised by vehicles. At
construction sites, bullock carts were used to transport materials such as bricks. Bullock carts were also used in road repairing. A
modification of the vehicle, by attaching a lawn mower to the pair of bullocks instead of a cart and with a seat for a driver, allowed the lawn
at the racecourse in Farrer Park to be maintained by bullocks. Bullock carts that pulled a large metal roller attached to them were used to
level grass on the Padang.

Chinese bullock carts: two-wheelers drawn by water buffaloes with large palm leaves attached to them, were an equally common sight.
They not only carried passengers but also vats of soy sauce and all kinds of liquids to be sold to kampong residents. Water buffaloes could be
 seen grazing on grassy countryside until the fifties when rising levels of road traffic put an end to the use of bullock carts on Singapore roads.
As with rickshaws and trishaws, bullock carts also began to dwindle with the introduction of mechanised transport in 1867.

The Langkawi Cable Car or Panorama Langkawi is a major attractions in Langkawi Island, Kedah, Malaysia. It provides an aerial link
from Burau Bay Resort at Teluk Burau to the peak of Gunung Mat Chinchang, the location of the Langkawi Sky Bridge. The total length is
2.2 km (1.4 miles). It was officially opened on 2003. Genting Skyway, located at the Kuala Kubu Bharu, Selangor side of Genting, Malaysia,
is a monocable gondola lift serving the Genting Highlands Resort. Its lower station is located near Gohtong Jaya, and its upper station is
located at Highlands Hotel of Genting Highlands Resort.It was officially opened in 1997 by the former prime minister of Malaysia, Mahathir
bin Mohammad.For safety reasons, it undergoes periodic maintenance checks. During the maintenance period, visitors to Genting Highlands
Resort use Awana Skyway, the earlier built cable car at Genting Highlands.

Robot functionality
 The robot was design to transport tourist to their destination.
 Make humankind work easier.
 The trishaw can carry maximum two tourists.
 The bullock cart can carry maximum six tourists.
 The trishaw and bullock cart can move fast or slow.
 The trishaw and bullock cart can turn left, right, forward and backward.
 The tourist take a ride in trishaw can hear the music they like.
 The umbrella in trishaw can spin.
 The movement of the robots can easily control by Bluetooth.
 The cable car can move forward and backward.
b) Uniqueness and interactive behaviour
 Controllable and programmable.
 Low cost of maintenance.
 Can work 24 hours non stop
 Save energy
 Environment friendly

c) Future planning
Future Planning

Trishaw :

 Integrated GPS system

 Provided Wi-Fi system
 Netbook with tourist map

Bullock cart :
Cable car :
 Integrated GPS system
 Integrated GPS system
 Provided Wi-Fi system
 Provided Wi-Fi system
 Netbook with tourist map
 Netbook with tourist map
 Provided cultural places and food restaurant in
Melaka.
 7. DESIGNING AND BUILDING PROCESS

a) Concept and implementation

The concept of our project is the cultural transport which is in accordance with our theme “Promote Tourism”. We searched the
Internet for cultural transportation . We found out that in the historical city of Malacca, the famous cultural transportations are trishaw
and bullock cart. During ancient times, these transportation were commonly used in transporting people from one place to another. Now,
they are a very popular tourist attraction in Malacca. Using Lego instruments, we recreate the transport vehicles along with a few
modifications.
We use motors instead of real bicycle and bull for the movement of the robots. Besides that , motors are also used to steer the bull and the
trishaw. The efficiency of these motors enables us to spin the umbrella in trishaw. We build cable car to promote tourists that in our
country we have cable cars. Apart from that, we take this oppoturnity to show the tourists our country's beautiful places which can visited
by everyone.

b) Brainstorming and solution to the problem

Appearance: Type of robot:

 Looks like real trishaw  Transportation

 The cow in bullock cart is made up of 100%  Save human energy
lego component  Low cost of maintenance
 The trishaw’s bicycle is controlled using NXT  Can work 24 hours
 The cable car looks like real To improve cultural  Controllable and programmable
transport

Problem statements: Solution:

 To design the shape of bullock cart and the trishaw
 To design robot bicycle and robot bull that is easier to manoeuvre
 To design the cart of the bullock similar to the original shape
 To hang the cable car on a cable
 To design the shape of the cable car
 Replace the bull with the motor
 Decorate the robot bull and bicycle with
clothes to look alike to the real bull and bicycle
 The shape of the bicycle is replicated from the
Internet

c) Picture of the project

1. Trishaw
2. Bullock cart
3. Cable car

Trishaw
Bullock cart
Cable car
d) Final model and picture depicting different angel
1. Trishaw
2. Bullock cart
3. Cable car
4. Stage
Trishaw
Bullock cart
Stage
Cable car
 8. PROGRAMMING
1. Bullock Cart
* Controller NXT
* Bullock Cart NXT
2. Trishaw
* Controller NXT
* Trishaw NXT
3. Cable Car
There got two ultrasonic sensor at two sides of cable car. Each of them is plugged to port 4 and port 3 of NXT respectively. NXT will wait for
the ultrasonic to detect 12 cm from a object, then it will move to the opposite way. Loop command is inserted to keep the NXT scan for distance.