Professional Documents
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Ministry of Finance
Quarter 4, 1393
Foreword and Acknowledgement
A budget is the policy instrument of a nation that provides a stable macroeconomic framework,
guides the collection and mobilization of public revenues, and ensures that these resources are
expended prudently to meet the policy priorities. Fiscal policy plays a pivotal role in a budget and
serves as a tool to achieve economic and social objectives. From a macroeconomic perspective, one
of the central insights from research on developing countries is that prudent fiscal policy is essential
for reducing poverty and improving social outcomes.
Just as the design of robust fiscal policy is important, the openness of fiscal data is equally
important. In line with the Governments commitment to more transparency, ensuring that citizens,
civil society and all areas of Government have access to information has been one of our top
priorities and our latest Open Budget Index (2012) score is a testimony to our efforts.
This bulletin presents an assessment of our public finances in the 4th quarter of fiscal year 1393.
This edition of the bulletin highlights detailed assessments of recent macroeconomic, fiscal and
budgetary developments, including trends in domestic revenue and expenditures performance,
transactions related to the acquisition of non-financial assets and the budget balance, as well as
information on the effects of the wider economy on the fiscal situation. The bulletin also provides a
snapshot of the budget execution rates during the reporting period whilst section five includes an
article on the Impact of International Prices on CPI.
I would like to commend the Fiscal Policy Directorate (FPD) for preparing this quarterly bulletin. I
would also like to extend my appreciation to Budget, Revenue and Treasury departments as well as
individual colleagues for their input and support. We would very much welcome any comment or
suggestion about this bulletin.
Please provide your comments to Mr. Hafizullah Momandi (hafizlm@yahoo.com). This bulletin is
available in softcopy on the Budget website (www.budgetmof.gov.af).
www.budgetmof.gov.af
www.mof.gov.af
The material in this publication may be freely quoted and reprinted with acknowledgement
Contents
Summary ....................................................................................................................................................... 1
Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 3
Macro-Fiscal Situation .................................................................................................................................. 4
Quarterly Macroeconomic Situation ........................................................................................................ 4
Macro-Fiscal Risks ..................................................................................................................................... 5
Revenue ........................................................................................................................................................ 7
Revenue Performance by Category .......................................................................................................... 8
Revenue Performance by Province ......................................................................................................... 10
Revenue Performance by Collection Agency .......................................................................................... 12
Revenue Performance in Grants ............................................................................................................. 12
Expenditure ................................................................................................................................................. 13
Expenditure by Ministry.......................................................................................................................... 16
Debt and Financing ..................................................................................................................................... 17
CPI and International Prices ........................................................................................................................ 20
Annex .......................................................................................................................................................... 24
Glossary ....................................................................................................................................................... 38
Revisions and Notes .................................................................................................................................... 40
Summary
Key Points
- This year has seen the GDP forecasts significantly revised down, a drop in imports and a
general reduction in the level of economic activity and investment in the country, as a result
of the uncertainty. Inflation remained very low, partially because of falls in rents and partially
because of falls in international prices at the end of the year.
- Revenue has slowed drastically in response to the economic climate. Imports and retail
revenue have been particularly impacted, and businesses have registered less income for
taxation.
- The expenditure was cutback, particularly in Goods and Services and Capital spending, in
reaction to the falls in revenue. Enough cutbacks were made in quarter 4 to ensure the
Government has a carry forward of Afs 8 billion for the 1394 fiscal year.
Acquisition of NFA
Acquisition of NFA
Compensation
Compensation
G+S
G+S
The current economic slowdown (associated with political and security transition) and its dire impact on
the country will remain for sometime in the short run. In order to reverse this situation, the National
Unity Government will take some quick and effective measures so that bring back the confidence of the
public, business and donor communities on the economy. The government will adopt measures and
policies to mitigate damages caused to the fiscal sector, including building a reserve for next year.
The level of the impact of the slowdown was dramatic for the country. For example, large reduction was
observed in revenue collection, leaving the government not able to even achieve the level of collection
from the previous year. The shortfall in revenue collection made the budget even more constrained as
fewer discretionary resources were available for the government to spend on its prioritized areas. The
rate of unemployment has also increased. The estimated data shows that the job market was badly
affected, as large numbers of employees who were employed in private sector, NGOs, and the public
sector (funded by donors) were laid off; as a result of reducing donor activity.
The analysis of fiscal data shows that a large part of the reduction in revenue was due to large fall in the
volume of imports, particularly for high tariff commodities, a reduction in sales taxes (e.g. BRTs) and
delays in the income tax payments by some businesses and firms. The large portion of revenues coming
from imports, which are more susceptible to shocks in price and demand, creates a large fiscal
vulnerability for the government. In order to lessen the effect, tax policies need to be designed in order
to minimize the imports dependency. The introduction of VAT will support this effort. The government
needs to find new revenue sources, broaden the tax bases, streamline the tax administration, and
improve the compliance rate. The lower revenue collection and dependency on foreign aid for
development projects has limited the governments options to raise the level of expenditures; and has
even led to dramatic cuts this year in expenditures for some of necessary items and projects.
The National Unity government has set out a number of priorities, of which the fiscal situation will be
one. However, changes to the existing policies will take time, and in the meantime the Government has
put in place some remedial measures during the current year. Furthermore, they will continue with
policies to contain the financing gap or in other words, continue the austerity measures to control
expenditure so that lessen the budget deficit. These measures to curtail over spending will be applied
across expenditure items like use of goods and services, and acquisition of assets (code 22 and 25), and
delays in issuing allotments for some development projects.
The governments financing needs has sharply risen, and fewer funds were available to finance the
governments essential projects as the donors were reluctant to provide their funds for disbursements.
The overall balance deficit reflects the fact that donor funds to the development budget expenditures
have fallen which led to lower execution rate.
During fourth quarter 1393 the Government of Afghanistan has seen a continuation of the slowdown in
economic activity, which was the result of the uncertainty during the year. While performance is
expected to have recovered following the resolution of the elections, and the formation of the
Government, there are still signs of a continued slowdown including continued low price pressures
(although external factors had an impact on this), and continued reduced performance in Government
revenues on last year.
There have been revisions to the macroeconomic data to take into account the changing economic
conditions through the year, including changes to the inflation, imports and growth forecasts.
The real growth rate was revised down to reflect the more subdued economic environment and changes
in the international forecasts for Afghanistan. The smaller growth rate of 1.9 percent is the result of
reductions in forecast activity in the retail sector, and in government services and manufacturing. The
revision to the exports data reflects a re-estimation, rather than a decline in expected exports.
Growth in each of these has been lowered by the economic downturn, and the retail and rental sectors
have been particularly affected by the security situation. During the most recent quarter we have seen:
Consumer price index data is available on a quarterly basis, and provides a running indicator of
economic well-being. During this quarter we have seen:
The inflation has been subdued throughout the entire year as a result of falls in the early part of the year
in the prices for rental accommodation particularly in Kabul.
The low inflation is likely to continue to the end of the fiscal year, with forecasts for inflation now at
1.3%, down from the 5.0% in the budget for this year. Inflation is likely to pick up in the next fiscal year,
as the one-off factors that have caused the moderation are unlikely to continue. The security situation
however will continue to put pressure on rental prices in Kabul, and the depreciation of the Afghani
creates a continued likelihood of inflation from imported foods.
Macro-Fiscal Risks
The Government maintains track of likely risks that could occur in the next quarter, these are set out in
Table 1.3.
As we are now approaching the end of the fiscal year it is likely that any underperformance in grants
collection has already been accounted for, as a result this risk is not likely to have as much of an impact.
Operational grants are on track with targets (particularly funding for the security sector under LOTFA
and CSTC-A). The imports slowdown continues to present a risk as 1) it has continued into the third
quarter and will likely continue for the remainder of the year, and 2) it is unclear whether or not the
factors affecting the reduction will resolve themselves next year (slowdowns in both construction
materials imports and fuel imports).
The exchange rate has depreciated less this quarter, however a continued depreciation remains a risk to
costs as the fundamental problems causing weakness in the Afghani have not been resolved; including
typically differential inflation rates between the US and Afghanistan, and a significant current account
deficit, vulnerable to sudden changes in inflows from donor support and remittances.
Fiscal: Exchange rate depreciation causes cost increase for Government imports LOW MEDIUM
Fiscal: Interest rate increase creates additional debt costs LOW LOW
Fiscal: O&M costs are calculated as higher than anticipated LOW MEDIUM
Revenue Facts
- Property Taxes performed outstanding and surpassed the target with by 22 percent, caused
majorly due to unclassified items in miscellaneous revenue.
- Tax Penalties performance was unexpected during 4th quarter 1393 which is 100 percent
behind the target.
- Overall revenue performance in 4th quarter 1393 was lower when compared to the same
period during fiscal year 1392 which shows about 15 percent decline.
- Prolonged election and unrest in political environment propel economic activities to be slow
and this lead to have impacts on economic growth which has direct impact on revenue
performance.
1392 1393
Actual Actual % Change
YT D Q4 YT D Q4
BRT Sales 5,642 3,558 -37%
BRT Services 3,877 4,358 12%
BRT Customs 8,290 7,289 -12%
Tax on Wages 8,753 8,137 -7%
Tax on Profit 2,723 2,031 -25%
Construction Withholding 2,680 3,703 38%
Table 2.1 reflects about 30% of the revenue collection during the year (30% in 1392, 27% in 1393 as a
result of these lines being more severely affected by the downturn during the past two years). BRT sales
fall reflects the drop in consumption activity in the economy, partially as a result of falling incomes, but
also likely as an effect of increased precautionary savings by households. This is not duplicated in the
BRT customs which increases, likely as a result of a differing market composition for services versus
goods.
The fall in BRT customs is the result of the downturn in imports, and decreases in wages and profits
taxes reflects the overall slowdown in economic activity and likely unemployment caused by unexpected
political environment. The Government also earned substantial funds, Afs 3.0 billion, from Mobile
Telecoms Services in 1392; which fell to Afs 0.6 billion in 1394. However, this spike was the result of
one-off payments on 3G licenses.
Construction withholding tax has performed well, indicating that construction activity, or preparation for
construction activity, increased by 38% compared to last year.
Revenues performance during 4th quarter of the year was below expectation, with collection of only 72
percent of target. The current years collection was 17 percent below the previous years collection. The
reason for the poor performance continues to be the economic uncertainties that were prevailing in the
third quarter due to political and security transition as well as the prolonged election process.
Revenue generation from domestic sources is a real concern as it went from bad to worst over the
previous years. Moreover, the inability to meet revenue targets also affects cash inflows from incentive
windows such World Bank Incentive programs and World Bank development policy grants.
Every major line item of the revenues and customs (except property tax) declined in this quarter, on the
previous years performance. As the table below depicts, the worst declines were in those tax lines most
tied to consumer activity (sales and import taxes), and those tied to overall economic activity (income
taxes and fixed taxes). The above expected performance in property tax reflects the efforts to increase
registration.
This fall in expected economic growth from 3.6 down to 1.9 percent would also be expected to reflect a
drop of around Afs 3 billion in revenue growth; the falls however were more skewed in areas where
revenue is collected for example, imports and likely drops in consumer sales beyond even the
slowdown in growth.
The summary values of revenue performance are set out in Table 2.1
In millions of Afghanis 1392 1392 1393 1393 1393 1393 % Ta rget % Cha nge
Q4 Q4 YTD Budget Ta rget Q4 Q4 YTD on 1392
Revenue (without customs) 25867 81427 97726 29318 21151 75019 72% -18%
Tax Revenues (without customs) 14940 52392 62352 18706 13996 47745 75% -6%
Fi xed Ta xes 3455 11972 13807 4142 2689 9921 65% -22%
Income Ta xes 3789 16610 19741 5922 5111 16803 86% 35%
Property Ta xes 73 295 399 120 147 633 122% 100%
Sa l es Ta xes 5435 17809 23246 6974 5183 15739 74% -5%
Other Ta xes 2081 5110 4482 1345 866 4649 64% -58%
Ta x Pena l ti es a nd Fi nes 106 596 676 203 0 0 0% -100%
Cus toms Duty, Import Ta xes 7724 28305 36074 10822 7581 24260 70% -2%
Non Tax Revenue 7273 21881 27593 8278 4380 16015 53% -40%
Income from Ca pi ta l Property 441 1739 3315 995 345 1383 35% -22%
Sa l es of Goods a nd Servi ces 3248 8127 10746 3224 538 3342 17% -83%
Admi ni s tra ti ve Fees 3143 10567 11996 3599 2915 9501 81% -7%
Roya l ti es 101 318 360 108 131 429 121% 30%
Non Ta x Fi nes a nd Pena l ti es 203 630 774 232 183 713 79% -10%
Extra cti ve Indus try 137 499 402 120 268 647 222% 95%
Miscellaneous Revenue 2610 3407 3560 1068 1799 7451 168% -31%
Social Contributions 1044 3747 4221 1266 976 3808 77% -7%
During 4th quarter 1393 revenue collection was lower than expected in the provinces, revenue
performance affected mainly due to uncertainties and speculations in the market and slow performance
in overall macroeconomic environment. In addition, unrest in security situation in some provinces also
affected revenue collection.
Table 2.3 below shows the revenue collection in Provinces that have historically made up the majority of
revenue collected. In a large part this is because these provinces represent major border crossings with
trading partners. In total 47.5 percent of total (non-grants) revenue was collected from these provinces.
During 4th quarter 1393 some provinces performed well and achieved above 80 percent revenue from
the target. Nimroz collected 12 above the target, followed by Nangarhar, Knadahar and Kabul which
collected 84%, 83% and 75% of the target respectively. However, some provinces such as, Herat, Balkh
and Faryab revenue collection was below expectation and revenue collection was only 60%, 63% and
31% of the target and this show 12% and 73% lower when compared to the same period in 1392 for
Balkh and Faryab provinces.
The performance in Nimroz is largely the result of import revenues in the province holding up, while
falling in many other places; while growth in imports in Nimroz was low this contrasts to the falls in
imports revenue in most areas. This likely reflects changes in routing decisions by international traders
from Pakistan to Iran.
In millions of Afghanis 1392 1392 1393 1393 1393 1393 % Ta rget % Cha nge
Q4 Q4 YTD Budget Ta rget Q4 Q4 YTD on 1392
Herat; 1708.3m
collected,
2136.4m target Nangarhar;
(80%) 1461.3m
collected,
Kandahar; 1653.3m target
Nimroz; 949.4m (88%)
309.9m
collected,
collected,
834.5m target
312.3m target
(114%)
(99%) AFMIS data extract 17 August 2014
The revenue data in Table 2.4 shows the collection by agency (i.e. which area of the Government
collects the revenue for transmission to the Treasury Single Account). A large portion of money is
typically collected through the Customs unit of the Ministry of Finance; and collection from other
Ministries and Agencies typically represents fees or fines paid.
Mustofiats which are basically represent Ministry of Finance in provinces performed well and this shows
14 percent increase when compared to the same period in 1392. Meanwhile, the remaining agencies as
shown in the table below not performed well and lower than the previous year, particularly Customs
and STO.
Total revenue from grants by end of the year received amounted Afs 179.7 billion, of this Afs 119.3
billion provided by Foreign Governments and the remaining Afs 60.4 billion was granted by International
organizations. However, total grants disbursement in 4th quarter 1393 increased by 27 percent,
meanwhile there was a huge decline (35 percent) in International Organization aid inflow by end of 4th
quarter 1393.
Table 5.2 in the Appendix sets out the operating and development grants in detail.
- Compensation of employees is the best performing expenditures line during the fourth quarter
1393. Overall expenditures declined during the fourth quarter. This was the result of the
Presidents decree to pay only salaries and wages during the quarter.
- The discretionary development budget is worst performing expenditure line in the quarter, as it
is the most easily cut to make savings.
- Expenditures declined during the quarter because of poor cash balances and decreased
revenues collection; falls in cash balances left limited reserve and restricted the ability to make
payments.
Financial year 1393 was an exceptional year due to occurrence of political and security transitions and
delays in signing Bilateral Security Agreement. These together increased the uncertainties over the
countrys economy, which resulted in lower number of firms registry, lower numbers of job creation,
revenues collected, and affected overall budget expenditures. The government was only able to pay
wages and salaries and therefore halted most other expenditures lines.
The expenditures in the year 1394 have fallen, as a result of the need to be quite austere because of
problem in availability of cash for the year. The development budget is made with the assumption that
only 50 percent of this will be spent during the
Expenditure Performance
year. Afs Millions
60000
the government policy to reduce contingency 40000
0
line with the International Monetary Fund Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
(IMF) recommendation over the coming years.
The total expenditure on contingencies was Source: Government of Afghanistan
Overall fiscal sustainability has been worsening over the past quarters as revenue collection was
consistently below the target. However, the new unity government is now in place, which has a strong
commitment to improve revenues through structural reforms and introducing new systems in order to
increase efficiency collection. A large influx of donor support in the last quarter has led to an apparent
worsening in the domestic revenue to total ratio even though domestic revenue increased in the last
quarter.
80000
60000
40000
20000
0
1 2 3 4
Source:FPD, Ministry of Finance
Allocated Budget Numbers in light colours
Total operating spending saw around 81 percent execution (a fall on the previous years execution of 96
percent, even after the budget revision) while total development spending reaches to 51 percent by the
end of quarter four 1393. Ministry of Transport and Aviation is the best performance entity followed by
Afghanistan Independent Land Authority, Ministry of Counter Narcotics, and Ministry of Agriculture in
spending their portion of development budget during the fourth quarter of the year 1393 while Ministry
of Woman Affairs and Central Statistics Office are the worst performing entities during the quarter. In
part this is the result of good procurement planning and capacity building efforts in the Ministry of
Agriculture.
The Ministry of Transport and Aviation and Ministry Counter Narcotics spent more than their original
budget due to a sudden rise in their expenditure patterns during the last quarter.
The Government also targets expenditures towards improving social welfare generally, and has a
general policy of expenditure aimed at reducing poverty. There are also specific expenditures directly
targeted towards poverty and social welfare, some of these key expenditures are set out in Table 3.3.
1392 1393
Q4 Budget Q4 % Budget
Directorate of Kochis 72 93 48 52%
Ministry of Education
Technical and Vocational Training 1612 3553 2079 59%
Ministry of Information and Culture
Broadcasting and Youth 0 136 0 0%
Ministry of Frontiers and Tribal Affairs
Social Protection of Tribes and Borders Management 0 563 0 0%
Micro Finance Investment Support Facility 0 46 0 0%
No updated data for the Quarter 4 of 1393 was made available; figures for the Q3 are estimates.
Total external debt during the second quarter 1393 is Afs 135.4 billion; we estimate this should have
fallen further during Q3 as a result of Russian debt forgiveness. The main stakeholders from
International organizations are World Bank and Asian Development Bank as they continue to provide
concessional loans. We have loans outstanding equivalent at around 50 percent of our IMF quota as a
result of borrowing under two ECF programs. In this second program however we have not borrowed
the full entitlement, maintaining a low debt to the Fund.
In Percent
1
Portion Short Term Debt 0 0 0 - -
Implied Maturity of Debt (Years) 142.4 245.0 206.6 45.1% -15.7%
-
Implied Interest Rate of Debt 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 13.7% 43.4%
The high positive transactions in previous quarters represented the need to raise resources this year to
meet the deficit; the high negative value now and in 1392 represents, in large part, a saving made to the
accounts due to the cutbacks in spending at the end of the year.
In quarter 4 there were fewer expenditures on land and buildings and in general on the acquisition of
non-financial assets. This reflects the falls in Government expenditure, which fell primarily on code 22
(Goods and Services) and code 25 (Capital or Acquisition of Nonfinancial Assets).
Background
Inflation in Afghanistan has been driven historically by changes in food prices; both the volatility of
international prices and local production levels have led to dramatic changes in the level of prices in the
country from year to year.
This however has moderated in recent times (see below), and price changes have become less volatile.
On average inflation has been historically around 8%, and we have seen this reduce in recent years, with
the Government now forecasting a rate of 4-5% going forward.
2008 saw large rises in the price of foods in Afghanistan; in part this was the result of both rises in
international prices, alongside falls in the local production following two years of low precipitation
leading to a drought. A second rapid increase in 2011 did not cause as dramatic effect on local prices; in
part because it did not coincide with a downturn in production in Afghanistan, necessitating
international imports. The falls in prices in 2009 coincided with a correction in international prices back
to trend, following the large spike in 2008.
Over time, in part as a result of Government stabilization policies, the rate of inflation in Afghanistan has
moderated considerable and is now in line with general inflation levels in the Asia region (around 4-5
The law establishing Da Afghanistan Bank (DAB) as the Central Bank of Afghanistan, sets out the key
objective as the achievement and maintenance of price stability in Afghanistan. In line with this aim
DAB targets the level of reserve funds held; conducts foreign exchange auctions and conducts capital
notes auctions in order to allow commercial banks to invest reserves with DAB. Exchange rate auctions
are conducted on a twice weekly basis, and capital note auctions are conducted weekly giving DAB a
set of tools that can rapidly be used to influence the money supply. In addition DAB has both an
overnight deposit, and credit facility as a backup to interbank lending; and to help commercial bank
liquidity management. In the same vein DAB also require reserves be held at the value of 8 percent of
deposits; this tool is not frequently used to influence overall money supply however and its primary
purpose is as a stabilization tool.
The current CPI basket was determined by the National Risk and Vulnerability Assessment (NRVA), in
lieu of a full Household Income and Expenditure Survey. The Central Statistics Office (CSO) produces
inflation data on a monthly basis, covering Kabul, and 9 other provinces, in order to create both a
national and disaggregated picture of prices performance. The CPI calculation has increased in
extensiveness, covering 290 items, with over 10,000 price quotations collected.
International prices for food have seen large spikes in both 2008, and 2011. The 2007/08 food price
crisis was the result of a number of factors including: changing diets over time in the developing world,
spikes in the cost of some agricultural input goods (including fuel and fertilizer), biofuel subsidies in the
US, declines in stocks of food, and a series of crop shortfalls around the world caused by the climate. In
addition, periods of instability in countries around the world have disrupted global food production.
Prices then fell again following the 2008 financial crisis, but steadily increased through to 2011.
International prices for fuel have dropped dramatically, returning to price levels seen back in 2005. This
large drop mirrors the fall seen back in the post-2008 period; a period that saw large slowdowns in
Afghan non-food prices as well. This fall is in part the result of expanded production of US shale oil,
alongside a decision by the OPEC group not to reduce production in order to push up prices. Smaller
effects have been caused by some increase in Libyan oil, and a decrease in demand from China with a
slowdown in economic growth.
For Afghanistan the large portion of wheat and petroleum is imported mostly from the immediate
neighbours like Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Iran, Russia, and Kazakhstan. This variety of import
sources ensures that there is some degree of stability in import prices, and import availability and that
local imports are more likely to follow international prices.
1
IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2014
The international prices have an impact on local prices, this impact is not immediate and it is not
apparent for every type of good. Local factors including oligopolistic competition in some markets,
regional price differences from international prices, and ample local production of a good determine
how much of an effect the international price changes have on local prices.
The major two international price impacts on local prices are for crude oil, and wheat prices both of
these make up significant direct or indirect portions of the consumer basket, and in both cases we have
some or entire reliance on
Inflation Uncertainty due to International Prices international imports. The
requirement for
8.00%
international imports of
7.00% wheat varies with the local
6.00% production, however
5.00% Afghanistan produces and
4.00%
refines no fuel locally, and is
dependent on international
3.00%
imports. Most of the
2.00% imports of fuel are from the
1.00% immediate region including
0.00% Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan,
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Iran, and Russia.
The above chart is generated by assuming that international prices could change from the baseline
assumption according to their past variance. Using the WEO forecast as a base we generate scenarios
around the WEO forecast for international prices assuming the prices could either follow a path above
or below the WEO. Very large increases are less likely, as are very large falls. A thousand of these
scenarios, and the resulting inflation outcomes, are generated and the results are shown above. The
most likely inflation outcomes are the darker areas with the outer range the least likely2.
A regression was run with international prices of wheat and crude oil, against local wheat prices and
local prices for petroleum. In general it was found, with a few months lag, that the international price
for both has a positive impact on the local prices; that impact is smaller for wheat than for oil which is
to be expected given the local supply availability for the latter. The impact is less than one, which again
is to be expected given both the processing costs, transportation costs and market structure in
Afghanistan. This means that petroleum prices locally will not be expected to drop as significantly as
crude oil prices have in the international market.
The impact on local fuel prices takes double the time to materialize as the impact on local wheat prices
reflecting the longer processing time between crude oil and petroleum on the Afghan market. A 5%
shock to international fuel prices would be expected to reduce local prices by around 1.7%; while a
shock of 5% to wheat prices would be expected to reduce local prices by 0.7%.
2
The River Chart has ranges of probability the outer range shows the 95% probability (i.e. there is a 95%
probability inflation will be within this range); the next shows the 80% probability; the next the 50% probability
and finally the dark line shows the baseline estimate.
Future price changes for wheat and fuel are expected to remain moderate, with little increase in wheat
prices expected. Increases in the fuel prices (although they will likely remain far below the 2014 prices
for the next few years), will create some pressure on local prices (as will any likely changes to sales
taxes, import taxes etc.).
R ECU R R EN T EXPEN D IT U R ES 58,020 189,392 67,845 218,460 268,376 263,606 26% 17%
Compensation of Employees 38,976 139,475 41,266 150,157 162,603 156,013 26% 6%
of which operating budget 38,976 139,475 41,266 150,157 6%
Wages and Salaries 37,358 133,718 39,685 144,207 6%
Wages and Salaries in Cash 30,948 112,834 33,418 123,704 8%
Wages and Salaries in Kind 6,616 21,270 6,423 20,679 -3%
Social Benefits 1,618 5,757 1,581 5,950 -2%
Social Benefits - in Cash 493 1,727 284 1,139 -42%
Social Benefits - in Kind 0 0 0 0 -
U se of Goods and Services 16,207 38,213 21,752 48,250 83,673 85,493 25% 34%
Travel 676 1,828 409 1,633 -40%
Communications 1,695 3,886 1,390 3,911 -18%
Contracted Services 623 1,531 284 1,286 -54%
Repairs and Maintenance 5,028 9,502 7,232 15,318 44%
Utilities 1,317 3,025 2,245 5,435 70%
Fuel 2,119 5,640 6,378 10,443 201%
Other Use of Goods and Services 4,749 12,801 3,814 10,225 -20%
Social T ransfers 2,741 11,436 4,752 19,704 19,700 19,700 24% 73%
Subsidies 399 900 3 453 -99%
Grants 72 233 37 352 -49%
Social Security 2,376 10,299 4,748 18,731 100%
Other Social Transfers -106 3 -36 168 -66%
Social Assistance 0 8 88 201 -67498%
Advance Subsides, Grants -106 -5 -123 -33 16%
ACQU IS IT ION OF AS S E T S
Ministry of Interior 16,952.9 50,565.5 10,091.9 12,246.3 15,890.4 21,003.0 59,231.6 66,824.9 71,037.4 83% 24%
Opera ti ng Budget 16,835.8 50,269.8 10,066.1 12,089.9 15,767.3 20,861.8 58,785.0 62,037.5 66,250.0 89% 24%
Devel opment Budget 117.1 295.7 25.8 156.4 123.1 141.3 446.6 4,787.4 4,787.4 9% 21%
Ministry of Defence 25,262.1 66,388.8 10,128.0 17,664.4 17,062.0 23,813.8 68,668.2 101,676.0 106,470.8 64% -6%
Opera ti ng Budget 18,525.7 58,083.4 10,128.0 17,503.6 16,691.2 21,604.6 65,927.4 98,570.5 103,365.3 64% 17%
Devel opment Budget 6,736.5 8,305.5 0.0 160.9 370.8 2,209.2 2,740.8 3,105.4 3,105.4 88% -67%
Ministry of Foreign Affairs 1,202.6 3,510.7 550.3 1,540.0 921.2 814.6 3,826.0 4,446.7 4,500.7 85% -32%
Opera ti ng Budget 1,152.8 3,249.0 500.5 990.2 913.8 811.0 3,215.5 3,200.0 3,254.0 99% -30%
Devel opment Budget 49.8 261.7 49.7 549.8 7.4 3.6 610.6 1,246.7 1,246.7 49% -93%
National Security Council 0.0 0.0 62.8 64.3 64.2 76.2 267.5 227.9 362.8 74% -
Opera ti ng Budget 0.0 0.0 62.8 64.3 64.2 76.2 267.5 88.5 223.3 120% -
Devel opment Budget 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 139.5 139.5 0% -
Presidential Protective Service 317.9 1,225.6 232.4 390.0 251.8 213.0 1,087.2 944.5 1,105.8 98% -33%
Opera ti ng Budget 292.5 1,136.9 223.2 390.0 232.6 232.2 1,078.0 944.5 1,105.8 97% -21%
Devel opment Budget 25.4 88.7 9.2 0.0 19.2 -19.2 9.2 0.0 0.0 - -175%
General Directorate of National Security 2,275.0 9,722.4 2,706.9 2,825.8 2,820.4 2,778.1 11,131.1 11,419.5 11,219.5 99% 22%
Opera ti ng Budget 2,258.6 9,596.9 2,706.9 2,801.1 2,785.3 2,778.1 11,071.4 11,271.4 11,071.4 100% 23%
Devel opment Budget 16.4 125.5 0.0 24.7 35.1 0.0 59.7 148.1 148.1 40% -100%
Total Security 46,010.4 131,412.9 23,709.4 34,666.6 36,945.7 48,622.5 143,944.2 185,311.5 194,334.3 74% 6%
Opera ti ng Budget 39,065.3 122,335.9 23,624.7 33,774.8 36,390.1 46,287.6 140,077.3 176,023.9 185,046.6 76% 18%
Devel opment Budget 6,945.1 9,077.0 84.7 891.8 555.6 2,334.9 3,866.9 9,287.6 9,287.6 42% -66%
Presidents Office 634.0 1,919.1 442.1 449.5 472.2 451.3 1,815.1 2,097.6 2,346.3 77% -29%
Opera ti ng Budget 550.5 1,764.9 394.4 428.6 466.6 451.3 1,740.9 1,783.5 2,032.2 86% -18%
Devel opment Budget 83.5 154.2 47.7 20.8 5.6 0.0 74.2 314.1 314.1 24% -100%
National Assembly Meshanro Jirga 148.7 578.6 127.6 145.5 133.1 123.9 530.2 588.8 616.3 86% -17%
Opera ti ng Budget 134.9 513.2 127.6 145.5 133.1 123.9 530.2 518.8 546.4 97% -8%
Devel opment Budget 13.9 65.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 69.9 69.9 0% -100%
National Assembly Wolesi Jirga 329.3 1,275.0 358.9 289.2 385.8 335.6 1,369.5 1,293.7 1,371.6 100% 2%
Opera ti ng Budget 314.4 1,259.3 358.9 289.2 385.8 335.6 1,369.5 1,252.0 1,329.9 103% 7%
Devel opment Budget 14.9 15.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 41.7 41.7 0% -100%
Supreme Court 467.9 1,615.3 743.7 859.9 746.6 773.8 3,123.9 3,321.7 3,324.4 94% 65%
Opera ti ng Budget 440.3 1,510.7 737.7 819.5 732.7 734.8 3,024.7 3,000.9 3,003.7 101% 67%
Devel opment Budget 27.6 104.6 6.0 40.4 13.9 38.9 99.2 320.7 320.7 31% 41%
Ministry of Justice 241.8 684.5 120.0 167.4 150.3 199.2 637.0 1,100.4 1,119.2 57% -18%
Opera ti ng Budget 179.7 581.6 102.0 157.7 136.0 146.4 542.0 601.2 620.1 87% -18%
Devel opment Budget 62.2 102.9 18.0 9.8 14.4 52.8 95.0 499.2 499.2 19% -15%
Administrative Affairs 711.2 2,140.8 370.7 740.0 275.7 416.7 1,803.0 939.2 1,647.9 109% -41%
Opera ti ng Budget 563.5 1,949.1 370.7 625.5 222.1 416.7 1,635.0 750.0 1,458.7 112% -26%
Devel opment Budget 147.6 191.7 0.0 114.5 53.5 0.0 168.1 189.2 189.2 89% -100%
Ministry of State and Parliamentart Affairs 45.4 117.2 13.5 30.7 24.1 24.0 92.3 117.0 135.3 68% -47%
Opera ti ng Budget 28.4 100.2 13.5 30.1 24.1 24.0 91.7 79.2 97.5 94% -16%
Devel opment Budget 16.9 16.9 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.6 37.8 37.8 2% -100%
Ministry of Haj and Religious Affairs 288.0 862.6 126.4 184.0 308.1 200.8 819.2 1,093.8 1,116.2 73% -30%
Opera ti ng Budget 220.3 710.8 112.3 154.9 287.9 200.1 755.2 789.9 812.2 93% -9%
Devel opment Budget 67.6 151.8 14.0 29.1 20.2 0.7 64.0 303.9 303.9 21% -99%
Attorney General 325.9 1,080.4 240.5 313.2 285.9 333.6 1,173.1 1,430.3 1,437.2 82% 2%
Opera ti ng Budget 284.9 998.8 228.4 297.3 273.2 296.1 1,095.1 1,163.9 1,170.8 94% 4%
Devel opment Budget 41.0 81.7 12.1 15.9 12.6 37.4 78.0 266.4 266.4 29% -9%
Election Commission 42.7 128.7 23.1 29.4 31.2 30.5 114.1 153.5 194.0 59% -29%
Opera ti ng Budget 34.6 112.0 23.1 29.4 31.2 30.5 114.1 153.5 194.0 59% -12%
Devel opment Budget 8.1 16.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - -100%
IARCSC 178.4 670.8 85.0 157.7 118.6 119.6 480.9 706.2 718.6 67% -33%
Opera ti ng Budget 95.0 316.3 221.3 316.3 90.0 85.3 330.0 336.2 69.3 476% -10%
Devel opment Budget 83.4 354.5 271.1 354.5 28.6 34.2 150.9 370.1 370.1 41% -59%
Independent Commission for Overseeing the Implementation of Cons 95.0 316.3 11.6 90.7 90.0 85.3 60.1 67.3 69.3 87% -10%
Opera ti ng Budget 20.3 69.0 48.7 69.0 14.0 13.9 60.1 67.3 69.3 87% -32%
Devel opment Budget 74.7 247.3 172.6 247.3 76.0 71.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 - -4%
The High office of Oversight and Anti Corruption 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 307.9 308.7 0% -
Opera ti ng Budget 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 156.7 157.5 0% -
Devel opment Budget 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 151.2 151.2 0% -
Independent Directorate of Local Governance 995.7 3,046.8 455.2 608.5 607.0 564.3 2,235.0 4,410.1 4,454.7 50% -43%
Opera ti ng Budget 837.6 2,537.4 406.1 536.1 554.9 538.2 2,035.2 2,431.7 2,476.2 82% -36%
Devel opment Budget 158.1 509.4 49.2 72.4 52.1 26.2 199.8 1,978.4 1,978.4 10% -83%
Afghanistan Independent Human Rights Commission 16.9 41.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 97.2 53.2 0% -100%
Opera ti ng Budget 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 44.0 0.0 - -
Devel opment Budget 16.9 41.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 53.2 53.2 0% -100%
Independent Electoral Complaints Commission 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 175.4 175.4 0% -
Opera ti ng Budget 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 100.0 0% -
Devel opment Budget 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 75.4 75.4 0% -
Total Governance, Rule of Law and Human Rights 4,504.0 14,436.2 3,118.2 4,065.7 3,628.5 3,658.5 14,253.4 17,802.7 19,035.1 75% -19%
Opera ti ng Budget 3,704.4 12,423.3 3,144.7 3,899.2 3,351.7 3,396.8 13,323.7 13,184.8 14,137.9 94% -8%
Devel opment Budget 745.1 2,013.0 590.8 905.3 276.8 261.7 929.7 4,617.9 4,617.9 20% -65%
T otal Security 122,336 140,077 15% 182,155 77% 92,987 99,024 21,760 32,977 6,689 7,521 900 556
Ministry of Interior 50,270 58,785 17% 66,250 89% 37,347 41,365 8,692 14,456 3,330 2,514 900 450
Ministry of Defence 58,083 65,927 14% 103,365 64% 45,205 45,631 9,571 15,442 3,307 4,829 0 25
General Directorate of National Security 9,597 11,071 15% 11,071 100% 7,857 9,256 1,715 1,800 25 15 0 0
Ministry of Foreign Affairs 3,249 3,215 -1% 363 886% 1,645 1,959 1,583 1,167 21 9 0 81
Other Ministries 1,137 1,078 -5% 1,106 97% 933 813 198 111 6 154 0 0
Total Governance, Rule of Law and Human Rights 12,423 13,324 7% 11,615 115% 7,989 9,953 3,151 2,617 976 357 307 397
Presidents Office 1,765 1,741 -1% 2,032 86% 1,222 1,311 490 394 54 35 -0 -0
Administrative Affairs 1,949 1,635 -16% 1,459 112% 742 630 612 463 288 165 307 377
Supreme Court 1,511 3,025 100% 3,004 101% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ministry of Justice 582 542 -7% 620 87% 411 415 165 127 5 0 0 0
Other Ministries 6,617 6,381 -4% 4,500 142% 5,615 7,597 1,884 1,633 629 157 0 20
Total Infrastructure and Natural Resources 4,956 6,247 26% 8,600 73% 2,236 2,126 2,443 2,893 277 1,228 0 -0
Total Education 33,701 35,877 6% 36,359 99% 29,094 31,656 4,529 4,089 78 132 0 -0
Ministry of Education 29,195 31,170 7% 31,612 99% 26,489 28,591 2,653 2,453 53 125 0 -0
Ministry of Higher Education 3,153 3,898 24% 4,032 97% 1,824 2,518 1,316 1,374 12 6 0 -0
Other Ministries 1,353 809 -40% 715 113% 781 547 560 262 12 1 0 0
Total Health 3,115 3,833 23% 3,523 109% 1,941 1,884 1,103 1,849 71 100 0 0
Ministry of Public Health 3,115 3,833 23% 3,523 109% 1,941 1,884 1,103 1,849 71 100 0 0
Total Agriculture and Rural Development 2,303 1,800 -22% 1,649 109% 1,475 1,355 707 393 121 52 0 0
Ministry of Agriculture 1,488 1,126 -24% 1,145 98% 1,004 891 463 215 21 19 0 0
Other Ministries 816 674 -17% 504 134% 471 464 244 177 101 33 -0 -0
Total Social Protection 12,419 20,916 68% 17,441 120% 1,389 1,439 868 760 24 14 10,138 18,703
Ministry of Martyrs, Disabled and Social Affairs 11,470 19,943 74% 16,315 122% 852 886 476 462 4 3 10,138 18,592
Other Minisitries 949 973 3% 1,126 86% 537 553 392 298 20 11 0 111
Total Economic Gov. and Private Sector Devel't 6,351 4,326 -32% 4,449 97% 2,263 1,773 3,616 2,115 113 21 359 417
Ministry of Finance 5,449 3,224 -41% 3,248 99% 1,679 1,161 3,337 1,645 75 1 359 417
Other Minisitries 902 1,102 22% 1,201 92% 584 612 279 469 38 20 0 0
Source: FPD using AFMIS data downloaded on the 17 August 2014
1/ Interest, and Subsidies and Transfers
Total Infrastructure and Natural Resources 46,893.4 27,807.0 59% 52,576.9 22,110.3 42% 30,467 43% -20%
Ministry of Public Works 23,050.8 13,984.3 61% 23,040.4 10,635.5 46% 12,405 17% -24%
Ministry of Transport and Aviation 179.6 1,196.5 666% 123.2 559.9 454% -437 -1% -53%
Ministry of Energy and Water 2,464.6 5,790.8 235% 10,439.3 4,069.5 39% 6,370 9% -30%
Water Supply and Canalization Corporation 11,996.9 0.0 0% 795.3 0.0 0% 795 1% -
Ministry of Communication 1,822.2 1,316.2 72% 2,338.4 468.7 20% 1,870 3% -64%
Ministry of Mines and Industries 2,087.0 1,257.3 60% 1,836.7 743.5 40% 1,093 2% -41%
Other Ministries 5,292.1 4,261.9 81% 14,003.6 5,633.3 40% 8,370 12% 32%
Total Agriculture and Rural Development 26,245.6 22,345.6 85% 31,078.7 27,745.7 89% 3,333 5% 24%
Ministry of Agriculture 6,607.5 5,016.2 76% 7,337.4 5,346.9 73% 1,991 3% 7%
Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development 18,914.9 16,456.8 87% 22,734.9 20,979.8 92% 1,755 2% 27%
Other Ministries 723.2 872.6 121% 1,006.3 1,419.0 141% -413 -1% 63%
Total Education 19,435.5 7,556.4 39% 18,881.5 8,921.4 47% 9,960 14% 18%
Ministry of Education 14,535.3 5,734.9 39% 13,867.8 7,060.9 51% 6,807 10% 23%
Other Ministries 4,900.2 1,821.5 37% 5,013.7 1,860.4 37% 3,153 4% 2%
Total Economic Gov. and Private Sector Devel't 6,014.1 3,337.8 55% 6,236.0 2,942.3 47% 3,294 5% -12%
Ministry of Finance 4,444.6 2,427.7 55% 4,574.6 2,212.9 48% 2,362 3% -9%
Other Minisitries 1,569.5 910.1 58% 1,661.4 729.4 44% 932 1% -20%
Total Health 9,746.0 7,169.3 74% 14,661.7 9,065.2 62% 5,596 8% 26%
Ministry of Public Health 9,746.0 7,169.3 74% 14,661.7 9,065.2 62% 5,596 8% 26%
Total Governance, Rule of Law and Human Rights 3,927.4 2,054.3 52% 4,671.1 1,199.6 26% 3,472 5% -42%
Independent Directorate of Local Governance 1,230.3 509.4 41% 1,978.4 199.8 10% 1,779 2% -61%
Other Minisitries 2,697.0 1,544.8 57% 2,692.7 999.8 37% 1,693 2% -35%
Total Social Protection 1,109.9 751.9 68% 1,216.5 353.3 29% 863 1% -53%
Total Security 39,245.1 9,077.0 23% 9,427.1 3,866.9 41% 5,560 8% -57%
Total Unclassified 5,133.2 0.0 0% 9,037.6 0.0 0% 9,038 13% -
Source: FPD using AFMIS data downloaded on the 17 August 2014
Devel opment Budget 27,807.0 6,976.8 22,110.3 52,576.9 52,576.9 0.4 -0.5
Education 41,257.7 13,806.0 44,798.9 54,515.4 55,901.3 0.8 -0.1
Opera ti ng Budget 33,701.3 11,556.1 35,877.5 35,633.9 37,019.8 1.0 0.0
Devel opment Budget 7,556.4 2,249.9 8,921.4 18,881.5 18,881.5 0.5 -0.4
H ealth 10,284.7 4,805.5 12,898.2 17,186.9 18,184.7 0.7 0.3
Opera ti ng Budget 3,115.4 1,423.1 3,833.0 2,525.2 3,523.0 1.1 0.3
Devel opment Budget 7,169.3 3,382.4 9,065.2 14,661.7 14,661.7 0.6 0.3
Agriculture 24,649.0 7,893.7 29,545.8 33,039.7 33,166.2 0.9 0.0
Opera ti ng Budget 2,303.3 495.6 1,800.1 1,961.0 2,087.5 0.9 -0.3
Devel opment Budget 22,345.6 7,398.1 27,745.7 31,078.7 31,078.7 0.9 0.0
Social Protection 13,170.7 5,399.0 21,269.4 3,729.3 18,657.3 1.1 0.7
Opera ti ng Budget 12,418.9 5,281.8 20,916.1 2,512.8 17,440.7 1.2 0.8
Devel opment Budget 751.9 117.2 353.3 1,216.5 1,216.5 0.3 -0.6
Economic Governance 9,688.5 1,866.5 7,267.8 9,050.2 10,685.0 0.7 -0.4
Opera ti ng Budget 6,350.7 1,092.2 4,325.5 2,814.2 4,449.0 1.0 -0.4
Devel opment Budget 3,337.8 774.3 2,942.3 6,236.0 6,236.0 0.5 -0.4
U nclassified 0.0 0.0 0.0 51,449.0 9,037.6 0.0 -
Opera ti ng Budget 0.0 0.0 0.0 42,411.3 0.0 - -
Devel opment Budget 0.0 0.0 0.0 9,037.6 9,037.6 0.0 -
Source: FPU using AFMIS data downloaded on the 17 August 2014
N ET ACQU ISIT ION OF FIN AN CIAL LIABILIT IES 3,705 2,130 -43%
D omestic 70 2,215 3048%
Accounts Payable -1,046 -998 -5%
Pension Liabilities 0 133 -95373%
Other Payables 0 0 -100%
Other Liabilities (1) 1,116 3,080 176%
Foreign 3,635 -85 -102%
Foreign Currency 3,178 11 -100%
Loans 458 -96 -121%
Source: FPD using AFMIS data downloaded on the 17 August 2014
An itemised summary of estimated intended expenditures for a given period along with proposals for
Budget
financing them.
The budget for operating budget expenditures. These are mainly recurrent expenditures (and some
Operating Budget
capital), and include wages and salaries for all public servants, running costs for Ministries, etc.
The Government budget for development projects implemented by Government agencies. It contains
Development Budget
recurrent and capital expenditure in Afghanistan. These projects are mainly donor funded.
The budget for all donor activities that are funded directly by donors, rather than channelling the
External Budget
funding through the Government
Expenditure/Expense The purchase of goods, services, assets. It also includes interest payments, and subsidies and transfers.
Expenditure that is ongoing rather than one off, and does not result in the acquisition of a fixed asset.
Recurrent spending
For example payments for electricity or fuel, the payment for salaries etc.
Capital spending Spending on a capital asset, for example a tractor or irrigation pump.
Compensation of The total remuneration, in cash or kind, payable to an employee (not including contractors etc.) for
Employees work done during the accounting period. It consists of wages, salaries, and social contributions.
Goods and Services Expenditure items such as electricity costs, maintenance and repair, consultancy services and items
(use of) with a purchase value below Afs 50,000
Subsidies Payments made to State Owned Enterprises to help them cover their costs
Payments to a person or organisation for which no service is received, for which pension payments and
Transfers
subsidies.
Throughout the year, funding from contingency reserve items may be allocated to the budgets of
Contingency Funds
budgetary units during the year (increasing their original budget).
An entity over which ownership rights are enforced, and from which economic benefits may be derived
Assets
by its owners by holding it or using it over a period of time.
A financial claim on an asset that is usually documented by some type of legal representative. Examples
Financial assets
include bonds, but not tangible assets such as gold. These are below the line as financing items.
Revenues raised by the Government (excludes donor grants). Typically revenues raised by the Revenue
Domestic Revenues
Department (taxes, customs duties etc.), and revenues raised by other Government agencies (fees etc.)
Funds received from donors. Often the money can only be spent on a certain project or activities, but
Grants
sometimes can be spent at the discretion of the recipient Government
Operating Balance Domestic revenues (excluding donor grants to the operating budget) minus operating budget
(excluding grants) expenditures
Operating Balance
Domestic revenues plus donor grants to the operating budget, minus operating budget expenditures
(including grants)
Development Budget
Donor Grants to development budget minus development budget expenditures
Balance
Balance (excluding
Total revenues (excluding and including grants) minus total expenditures
and including grants)
Revenues (including donor grants) minus recurrent expenditures. It measures the change in net worth
Net operating balance
resulting from transactions (excluding capital expenditure)
Primary operating
Net operating balance plus interest expenditures
balance
How the government funds its deficit (or invests its surplus). For example drawing down on foreign
Financing
loans or withdrawing funds from the Central Bank. It describes transactions in financial assets.
Refers to real expenditure and revenue activities, for example the paying of salaries, the purchase of
Above the line
school books, the building of a dam etc.
Refers to financing transactions, and transactions in financial assets, for example loan disbursements
Below the line
and repayments, transactions on the Treasury Single Account
Loans of money from foreign Governments, international organisation and development banks.
Loans
Afghanistans debt strategy allows only concessional loans to be taken out.
Concessional loans Loans that are offered at below market rates (e.g. a low interest rate and with a long grace period).
Principal repayment Repayment of the principal of a loan (as distinct from an interest payment)
Gross Domestic The value or all the goods and services produced by a country in one year. This excludes the opium
Product economy for Afghanistan
The level of revenue or expenditure expected over a quarter or during the year. For expenditures we
Budget target
assume that the budget target for the quarter is 25% of the annual budget
Budget variance The difference between the actual outcome and the budget target
Treasury Single The main bank account of the Government. In Afghanistan, the TSA consists of the Afghani account,
Account (TSA) the US dollar account, provincial revenue and expenditure accounts, and ARTF and LOTFA accounts.
Afghanistan Financial Management Information System. The central database that records every
AFMIS
transaction made by Government
Eurotrace The computer database system for recording and classifying customs transactions.
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