Facebook

Twitter

Google

Linkedin

Electronic Repair Tips

Home

Articles

About Author

Contact

Jul 09 2013

Posted By: shiharan choudhury

Inside an Optical Mouse

 Video Review of an Optical Mouse

Everyone of us is familiar with mouse. Its the most important part of a computer as it makes using a computer very easy. Without a
mouse, one would need to memorize a big number of keyboard commands which is not that convenient, hence we all go with the mouse.
Today with the revolution in the electronics industry we have laptops with touch pads and tablets with a touch interface, but we still have
a big number of users who uses mouse, specially the gamers.

In the past mice had a wheel, which moved along the surface and accordingly the cursor moved, but with the advanced of electronics
engineering Agilent Technologies introduced optical mouse to the mankind in the year 1999.
Here we will have at the following:-
 Whats inside a Mouse?

USB Micro-controller Unit (MCU)

How Mouse Works?

Common Problems

How to Repair?

Real Life Repair Case

Whats inside a Mouse?

The USB MCU Chip found in this is OM31 MCU+Sensor 2-in-1 Optical Mouse IC. The OM31 IC is integrated with a USB Micro-controller
Unit (MCU) for computer optical mouse utilization. It is housed in a unique 14 pins staggered dual in-line DIP like package for 3D3K
application. The chip has the resolutions of 800/1000/1200 dots per inch (DPI) and catches the surfaces images at 3200 times per
second. Its tracking speed is up to 20 inches per second (IPS).
Other then that the Chip has the following salient features:-

Optical sensor and USB MCU are integrated into a single chip

Comply with USB version 1.1 protocol

Up to 20 IPS high speed motion detection

Frame rate is up to 3200 frames per second

5 volt power supply

Built-in 3.3V and 1.8V voltage regulators

14-pin staggered DIP

The resolutions are *800/*1000/*1200 dpi.

Supports 3D3K and Z/2 mouse scrolling

Three operating modes, Active, Standby, and Power Down modes

Automatic Standby mode (takes effect after no motion elapses for more than 1

Second)

Enters power down mode when USB device goes to suspend mode

Conform to Green Products protocol

Here is the functional block diagram of the USB MCU Chip

Here is the pin description of the chip
Application Diagram
How Mouse Works?
The optical mouse actually has a camera which is capable of capturing as high as 1500 pictures per second. Mice today are able to work
on almost all surfaces but the sensitivity is better experienced in any textured surface, paper, or cloth. The Optical mouse uses an LED
(Light Emitting Diode) that bounces or reflects back the light from the surface to the CMOS (Complimentary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)
sensor, which is built into the USB MCU Chip.

The CMOS sensor now sends the received light to the DSP (Digital Signal Processing) Unit for analysis. The DSP unit of the chip
operates at 18 million instructions per second. The DSP unit is capable of detecting images and then see how these images have moved
from previous image sent when the mouse was is a different position.

Now according to the changes in the images, which is computed by comparing the image sequence in the past position of the mouse to
the present position, the DSP unit thus determines the total displacement and efficiently calculates three dimensional coordinates. These
dimensions are sent to the computer through the D+ and D- wires of the USB Cable.

Now the computer moves the the cursor on the screen, depending upon the coordinates sent by the DSP unit. Now, all this happens
within a fraction of a second, granting us smooth pointing and clicking around.

Common Problems

Mice suffer the issue of lack of sensitivity, which is either caused by a loose USB connection, dust deposition in the lens of the mouse, or
the RED led gets dim or stops glowing. The first two mentioned problems can be easily solved without really opening the mouse.

How to Repair?
Most mouse works smoothly without bothering you. At times we do find the the mouse is not at all working. Well in that case, I
recommend you to simply check for any loose connection between the male and female usb jack of the mouse and the PC/Laptop
respectively. At times ejecting the mouse out of the USB post and re-inserting resolves the problem.
Now if mice are given a dusty operating environment, then due to dust deposition in the lens of the mice, they start to lack sensitivity.

Here is the picture of the Lens of an optical mouse. This part moves over the surface and thus the cursor moves after few actions of the
DSP unit. Now at times the lens gets dirty due to dust deposition and gradually the mouse lacks sensitivity. Now in such a case, just take
a piece of cotton, soak it in acetone or borrow a few drops of nail polish remover from your girlfriend, (which I always do when I need
some acetone to clean something) and gently clean the lens. Now this can be done without opening the mouse. Just clean the visible
portion of the lens. Now do this with the mouse in disconnected mode. Now after cleaning job, reconnect the mouse. Now it should work
sensitively.

If performing the above steps dont solve the problem, then there is 90% chance that the RED Led inside the mouse has got dim or is not
at all illuminating. Now this issue cannot be resolved from outside, or by using any software. Its a hardware issue, for which you will have
to make your hands dirty with a "+" head screw driver, a desoldering pump, a thin tip soldering iron and a Digital Multimeter.

To resolve the problem, you will need to open up the mouse. On opening it, you will find a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) as shown below :-
Now desolder the 5mm red Led using a thin tip soldering iron & desoldering pump. While doing so, please be very gentle and try to not to
over heat the solder points, as it might lead to coming out of the solder pads of the led. And if so happens, you will find yourself in deep
trouble. But anyways thats only to notify you with the outcomes. Please be very confident and gentle while removing the LED from the
PCB. Now solder a new 5mm Red Led in crystal clear package and solder it with the PCB. After soldering, do check your work with a 10x
loop to ensure that you havent left any solder bridge, as the presence of any solder bridge will short the led and the circuit, which if
happens for a certain amount of time, might damage the USB MCU Chip. Now reassemble the mouse and connect it to the USB port of
your PC/Laptop.

Real Life Repair Case

I have written article after my friend brought me his mouse complaining about poor sensitivity. This is an optical mouse manufactured by
INTEX. My poor friend has the toughest luck. The mouse stopped working the day after the expiry of the warranty. Initially I refused to
waste my time in repairing the mouse as I was busy in designing an audio visual music system. But he then challenged my saying You
are not a good electronics engineer. Now that really pinched me and I finally accepted the task with a smile. I connected the mouse to
my laptop to verify his complaint and found that the sensitivity of the mouse was really poor. I then had a look at the lens of the mouse
and found it clean enough. So I decided to open the mouse and check the 5mm Red Led, so I open up the mouse. On opening the
mouse, this is what I saw
The mouse had the expected hardware components. A USB MCU Chip in DIP(Dual Inline Package), a 5mm red led, the clicking buttons,
a Z-Encoder, the scrolling wheel and some other electronic components. Now I decided to connect the mouse to my laptop and check
the luminous intensity of the 5mm red led.
I connected the mouse to my laptop. I heard a sound which is the acknowledgement sound of accepting any hardware by the Laptop. I
saw that the 3mm blue led glowing and was surprised to see that that the 5mm red led was not at all glowing.

I used my digital multimeter (Mastech Mas830L) to check the potential difference at the anode and cathode of the red led. I found 0.73V
DC. Now according to the specifications of the USB MCU Chip, the 5mm red led is supplied with 1.8V DC. Now with the experience of
repairing 3 optical mice, I immediately decided to replace the LED, and I was damn sure, that this will solve the problem and will bring
smile on to the face of my unlucky friend.

I now checked the database of the stock of parts which I maintain in my laptop for my convenience, and was glad to find seven 5mm red
led available. I then took out a 5mm red white led from my part box and soldered it in place of the bad led.

I now decided to connect the mouse to my laptop, without putting back the cover. It was not that I had fingers crossed. It was just for the
reason as I wanted to check the voltage at the newly replaced led, whether its matching to the figure mentioned at the datasheet of the
USB MCU chip.
I was glad to see that the red led is glowing and the cursor now had the superman kit! Well just kidding. The mouse was working
smoothly. Along side the above picture is the 5mm red led that gone bad and was removed from the PCB.
I then reassembled the mouse and decided to play a game of Max Payne. Surprisingly I crossed the level. I then called my friend and
informed him. Initially he said, stop kidding. But then I made a small video and emailed him. Within 10 mins he came to me with a face
that was spectacular. Smiles Smiles & Smiles. Seeing this I felt that I have done my job, as its the duty of we engineers to make the life
of people, to resolve their technology related issues and get them a smile which is priceless.
-ShiharanChoudhury
(www.shiharanchoudhury.blogspot.in)

Email ThisBlogThis!Share to TwitterShare to Facebook

Reactions:

Older Post Home

Search for:

Followers
Copyright 2016 Electronic Repair Tips | Credits Webosoft
Acest site folosete cookie-uri pentru a oferi servicii, pentru a personaliza anunuri i pentru a analiza traficul. Dac folosii acest site, suntei de acord
cu utilizarea cookie-urilor.Aflai mai multeAm neles
 Privacy Policy

Disclaimer
 Terms & Conditions

Contact Us

Archives

Don't miss
How To Repair LED TV No Picture- Singer BrandPosted 6 months ago

LED TV Repair- Cheap Replacement PartsPosted 6 months ago

Not Common To See Dual Super Barrier Rectifier Breakdown When Under LoadPosted 7 months ago

How To Solve No Power Problem In Haier LCD LED TV RepairPosted 10 months ago

Singer 32 Skyworth LED TV With Dim Display RepairPosted 1 year ago

42 LG LED TV RepairedPosted 1 year ago

Polytron LED TV RepairedPosted 1 year ago

No Power In Toshiba LED TV RepairedPosted 1 year ago

 Search site

Home > Guest Post > Havit Optical Computer Mouse Fixed

Havit Optical Computer Mouse Fixed

By Jestine Yong on October 15, 2016

Received a mouse for repair and the Optical USB Mouse complaint was not working at all.
I have connected this mouse to my computers USB port and there was no arrow pointer on my computer screen. In visualize inspection I have found
the LED below the Mouse should be light up RED when you connect the mouse to USB port but here there was no light indication that means
something was wrong with the mouse.

Hence I have opened the mouse for further investigation.

On visualize checking everything seems to look ok there is no burnout, dry solder or physical damage on PCB. So by plugged in USB I have checked
working 5 Volt on USB connector on PCB (Here white wire is +5V and Blue is Ground). Voila!! 5V is missing on this pin that means something is
damaged in between computer to Mouse that is USB cable.

I have checked this cable with multimeter continuity check and found both the wires were open circuit (white and Blue).

Most of the time in any electronic equipment color code of power or VCC wire should be red for positive and black for Negative or Ground. So now
what is the option? I have decided to use USB cable from my Junk Box. I always dismantle the equipment which is not repairable and salvage the parts
like cables, connectors etc for this types of use.

Hence I arranged one USB Cable for one of USB keyboard from my junk box. Here I confused about Color code of cables because both were different
(see the above photo). Normally color code is as follows.

For this confusion I have to trace the circuit for respected stage which wire going where? I have found the Data of M16183 optical sensor as follows.
Here is PCB side Pin out of Optical sensor
So through help of optical sensor IC Data I managed to hook up the USB wire
After soldering the cable I have connected the mouse to the computer I have seen light of life. Yes Red Led is lighted up.
Now I have assembled the mouse temporary to check whether it works or not on testing I found the mouse was working fine. Hence it is time for
finishing work.

With the help of plastic cable tie I have tied the end of striped sleeve of usb cable to hold the cable inside the mouse and will not come out on strain on
wire.
Now mouse is ready for work.
Thanks!

This article was prepared for you by Yogesh Panchal who works as a Computer Hardware Engineer in Mumbai India.
Please give a support by clicking on the social buttons below. Your feedback on the post is welcome. Please leave it in the comments.

P.S- Do you know of any your friends who would benefit from this content that you are reading now? If so, forward this website to your friends or you
can invite your friends to subscribe to my newsletter for free in this Link.

Note: You can check his previous repair articles in the link below:

http://jestineyong.com/sony-laptop-with-distortion-display-repaired/