ICT Notes for Unit 4: Networks and the effects of using them

Computer systems are connected together to form network, from basic school/
home networks of a few computers to large networks like the internet which allows
computers connected to communicate with other computers.
Types of networks and features available related to networking. For example:
Hubs & switches distribute data within a network
Local Area Networks (LANs) connected by bridges, modems and routers
NETWORK DEVICES

Modems Hubs Switches Bridge Router

Modulator Hardware Similar to Connect Enable data
demodulato devices hub but LAN to packets to be
r connect more another routed
A device together a efficient LAN & use between
converting a number of Check the same different
computers devices to data protocol networks, for
digital form LAN packet (communi ex: to join
signal into (star received cation LAN to wide
analogue for network) and work rules) network
transmissio Take data out Connect (WAN)
n over an packet destinatio different Have an
telephone (group of n parts of internet cable
line data being address(e LAN so plugged into
Doing a transmitte s) and they can and several
reverse d) send data function cables
process to received to the as a single connecting to
enable at its port right LAN computers
computer to and computer and other
process broadcast more devices on
data to every secure LAN
Allow computer and Transmit
computers in the efficient internet &
connecting network Devices & transmission
to networks not very computer protocols
(internet) secure of in the between 2
over long efficient network networks &
distances method of have allow private
data media networks to
Dial- up modems: distributio access be connected
operate at n control Sit behind the
extremely (MAC) firewall =
slow address protect
transmissio identify computers on
n speed, source of network
 about data and - inspect data
60kilobits/ s device packets
do not tie that with internet
up should protocol (IP)
telephone receive address,
line while the data router can
accessing send it to the
the Internet right switch
internet then be
and landline delivered by
telephone is MAC address
available 24 if MAC
hours if doesnt
necessary match, it
passes on to
ADSL another
(asymmetrical switch until
digital subscriber appropriate
line) modems: device is
operates found
about 100
Megabits/ s
when using
fibre- optic
cables
allow
telephone
conversatio
ns &
internet
traffic to
occur at the
same time
Asymmetrical =
faster at
downloading than
uploading data.

How brides work

Serv Comput
Comput er
er
Hub Hub
Comput Comput
switch switch
er er

Comput Brid
Comput
er er
Data packers

Data carried in the packer according to which protocol is. They usually
contain:
o Form of header to be identified
o Senders IP address
o Receivers IP address
o Quantity of data packets make up message
o The identity number of each packet
Allows router to route a packet across a network to the correct
destination
Allows data packets to be reassembled in their correct according to
the identity number at the receiving station
Router receives a packet of data checks the destination IP address
routing table stores MAC address, assigned IP address and lease
time IP address is assigned for bits forming IP address points to
correct route packet is sent to routes until it reach final destination.