Laboratory Identification List NOTE: Some terms in the lists have an asterisk (*) in front of them. These terms are usually processes, to which you cannot point, but sometimes they are very small or obscure structures. Each slide set is unique, and not all embryos so labeled are at exactly the same developmental stage. It is possible that a particular structure is too rudimentary to be identified on your slides, but you must still know the pertinent information about that structure. Check with your TA to be certain that you haven't simply missed seeing it on your slides. Ideally, one would examine several slide sets ofa particular stage of development. lems appear in ITALICS the first time you are asked to consider (processes) or identify structures, but not thereafter Notes on identifying central nervous system structures: In this course we differentiate between cavities and tissues of the central nervous system. The suffix “coe!” refers to a cavity, e-g., mesocoel. In such cases, the tip of your pointer must be in the mesencephalon cavity when making an identification. The suffix “encephalon’” refers to tissue, e-g., mesencephalon. In such cases, the ip of your pointer must be on mesencephalon tissue when making an identification. Note thatthe various cavities and tissues of the developing central nervous system are continuous with one and other. Thus, when making an identification, you must point to a definitive example of the CNS tissue or cavity you are asked to identify. “Definitive” means that you must not point to a region where the cavity or tissue is transitioning from one specific tissue region or cavity to another. When you point at a CNS tissue or cavity you are asked to identify on a lab exam, your ID must clearly be the specific tissue or cavity that the identification question asks for: 18 and 24 br Chick Embryo Extraembryonic... Embryonic. Both ~__ area pellucida primitive streak —~ area opaca primitive knot (=Hensen’s __ yolk node) ___ primitive groove primitive pit primitive fold 24 hr Chick Embryo (page | of 2) Extraembryonic... Embryoni Both area opaca vasculosa epidermis The following must be Wentied as —~ area opaca vitellina head “ ‘or extraembryonic” when you identify them on exams. —~ proamnion ~~ head mesenchyme eee onic ~~ subcephalic pocket ~~ primitive streak oo coe! lo extraen ™ subgerminal cavity ~~ primitive knot (=Hensen’s coelom = exacoel) hypoblast ‘node) ectoderm (non-neural) ___ yolk sae primitive groove —_ darn primitive pit epiblast primitive fold hypoblast somatic mesoderm comatopleure ___ splanchnic mesoderm —— splanchnopleure ___ neural ectoder neural folds ___ neural plate neural tube —— neural groove neurocoel ___ prosencephalon —__ prosocoel 37©S.R. Haley & S.C. Kempf, 7/25/11 ation List Laboratory Identi 24 hr Chick Embryo (page 2 of 2) Extraembryonic... Both Embryonic... Digestive System anterior(eranial) intestinal portal foregut midgut Skeleto-muscular System notochord somite = epimere lateral plate mesoderm ypomere) SR. Haley & S.C. Kempf, 7/25/11Laboratory Identification List 33 hr Chick Embryo (page 59 of 2) NOTE: Vou should begin thinking about how the embryo"s body is delimited from underlying extraembryonic tissues and yolk ‘mass, and how the somatopleure and splanchnopleure act to form the various extraembryonic membranes. This is a dynamic process that occurs in three dimensions. You are looking at essentially two-dimensional sections of an “instant” in this process, Part of your challenge is to analyze how the chick embryo’s body and extraembryonic structures are forming by putting together your observations of the various sections (ie., 18, 24, 33, 48, 72, 96 hr) that you examine. lems appear in ITALICS the first time you are asked to consider (processes) or identify structures, but not thereafter. Notes on identifying central nervous system structures: In this course we differentiate between cavities and tissues of the central nervous system. The suffix “coe!” refers to a cavity, e.g., mesocoel. In such cases, the tip of your pointer must be in the mesencephalon cavity when making an identification. The suffix “encephalon’” refers to tissue, e-g., mesencephalon. In such cases, the ip of your pointer must be on mesencephalon tissue When making an identification. Note thatthe various cavities and tissues of the developing central nervous system are continuous with one and other. Thus, when making an identification, you must point to a definitive example of the CNS tissue or cavity you are asked to identify. “Definitive” means that you must not point to a region where the cavity or tissue is transitioning from one specific tissue region or cavity to another. When you point at a CNS tissue or cavity you are asked to identify on a lab exam, your ID must clearly be the specific tissue or cavity that the identification question asks For. Extraembryonic... Embryonic... Both amnion neural ectoderm The following must be identified amniotic (seroamniotic) epidermis as “embryonic” or folds head extraembryonic” when you ____area opaca vasculosa ___ area opaca vitellina —_— area pellucida blood island chorion (=serosa) —__ ptoamnion primitive streak primitive knot node) _____subcephalic pocket —_— subgerminal cavity yolk sac jensen’s head mesenchyme Nervous & Sensor __—alar plate ___ basal plate diencephalon —— diocoet infundibulum ___ mesencephalon —__ mesocoel (aqueduct of Sylvius) ____ metencephalon ___ metacoel —— myelencephalon —— myelocoel neural crest ___ neural ectoderm neural folds neural plate neural tube ___ neurocoel —— neuromere ___ neuropore (anterior) —__ opticoel System identify them on exams. ___coelom (extraembryonic coelom = exocoel) ___ ectoderm (non-neural) mesoderm endoderm —— epiblast ___ hypoblast —__ somatic mesoderm ___ somatopleure —— splanchnopleure —__ splanchnic mesoderm ©SR. Haley & S.C. Kempf, 7/25/11 59Laboratory Identification List 33 hr Chick Embryo (page 60 of 2) Extraembryoni Embryonic... Both Nervous & Sensor (continued) optic stalk optic vesicle prosencephalon prosocoel sinus rhomboidalis spinal cord System Digestive System ferior intestinal portal midgut oral plate pharynx (=foregut) Circulatory : Circulatory System endocardium tem ‘omphalomesenteric veins dorsal aortic roots heart myocardium (epimyocardium) pericardium pericardial cavity ventral aorta (truncus arteriosus) ventral aortic roots Skeleto-muscular § notochord somite = epimere lateral plate mesoderm (-hypomere) ystem SR. Haley & S.C. Kempf, 7/25/11 60Laboratory Identification List Some terms in the lists have an asterisk (*) in front of them. These terms are usually processes, to which you cannot point, but sometimes they are very small or obscure structures. Each slide set is unique, and not all embryos so labeled are at exactly the same developmental stage. Its possible that a particular structure is too rudimentary to be identified on your slides, but you ‘must still know the pertinent information about that structure. Check with your TA to be certain that you haven't simply missed seeing it on your slides. Ideally, one would examine several slide sets ofa particular stage of development. lems appear in ITALICS the first time you are asked to consider (processes) or identify structures, but not thereafter. Notes on identifying central nervous system structures: In this course we differentiate between cavities and tissues of the central nervous system. The suffix “coe!” refers to a cavity, e-g., mesocoel. In such cases, the ip of your pointer must be in the mesencephalon cavity when making an identification. The suffix “encephalon” refers to tissue, e-g., mesencephalon. In such cases, the ip of your pointer must be on mesencephalon tissue when making an identification. Note thatthe various cavities and tissues of the developing central nervous system are continuous with one and other. Thus, when making an identification, you must point to a definitive example of the CNS tissue or cavity you are asked to identify. “Definitive” means that you must ‘not point to a region where the cavity or tissue is transitioning from one specific tissue region or cavity to another. When you point at a CNS tissue or cavity you are asked to identify on a lab exam, your ID must clearly be the specific tissue or cavity that the identification question asks For. 448 hr Chick Embryo (page 61 of 4 Extraembryoni Both amnion The following —~ seroamniotic (amniotic) epidermis as “embryonic” or extra- folds cranial (cephalic) flexure embryonic” when you identify amniotic cavity ~~ head them on exams ___ tarea opaca vasculosa ___ head mesenchyme —~ tarea opaca vitellina ~~ hyomandibular cleft ___coelom (extraembryonic —~ area pellucida ~~ tateral limiting sulcus coelom = exocoel) ~~ blood istand ~~ taitbud ___ ectoderm (non-neural) —_— chorion (=serosa) ___ visceral grooves —_— mesoderm lateral timiting sulcus (= clefis) endoderm —~ proamnion ~~ epiblast ~~ seroamniotie —~ hypoblast junction/raphe Nervous & Sensory System ___non-neural ectoderm ____subcephalic pocket ——alarplate~—~=~—~S*CS Somatic’ mesoderm —~ subgerminal cavity ~~ basal plate ~~ somatopleure —__ yolk sac _____ choroid (optic) fissure ___ splanchnopleure diencephalon ___ splanchnic mesoderm ~~ diocoel ___ dorsal isthmus (of brain) infundibulum (of diencephalon) ____ mesencephalon ___ mesocoel Sylvius) ___ metacoel —__ metencephalon ___ myelencephalon SR. Haley & S.C. Kempf, 7/25/11Laboratory Identification List 48 hr Chick Embryo (page 2 of 4) Extraembryonic... Embryonic... Both neural ectoderm neural tube neurocoel neuromere neuropore (anterior) opticoel optic stalk optic cup lens vesicle otic (auditory) cup forming otic/auditory vesicle) pigmented retina (presumptive) sensory retina (presumptive) prosencephalon prosocoel rhombencephalon —__ rhombocoel spinal cord telencephalon ___telocoel tuberculum posterius Digestive System anterior intestinal portal hyomandibular pouch intestinal portal (anterior) intestinal portal midgut oral plate pharynx (=foregut) pre-oral gut (=Seessel’s pocket) ___ *primordium of liver diverticulum stomodeum, visceral pouches ©SR. Haley & S.C. Kempf, 7/25/11 62Laboratory Identification List 48 hr Chick Embryo (page 3 of 4) Extraembryonic... Embryonic... Both Respiratory System * laryngotracheal groove Circulatory System Circulatory System ‘anterior (cranial) cardinal vitelline vein (omphalomesenteric) arteries aortic arches (1, 2, 3) vitelline aortic roots (dorsal, ventral) (omphalomesenteric) veins atrium cardinal veins (anterior) cardinal veins (posterior) cardinal veins (common; luctus cuvieri) bulbus arteriosus (=conus =conotruncus) dorsal aorta endocardium heart *intersegmental artery myocardium pericardium pericardial cavity sinus venosus truncus arteriosus (=ventral aorta) ventricle Urogenital System mesonephric ducts SR. Haley & S.C. Kempf, 7/25/11 63Laboratory Identification List 48 hr Chick Embryo (page 4 of 4) Extraembryonic... Embryo1 Both Skeleto-muscular System visceral (=brnachial) arches (12,3) dermatome hyoid arch hypomere (lateral plate) lateral plate mesoderm ypomere) mandibular arch maxillary process mesomere (=nephrotome "termediate mesoderm) *myocoel myotome notochord sclerotome somite = epimere Endocrine System Rathke’s pouch/pocket thyroid primordium SR. Haley & S.C. Kempf, 7/25/11 64Laboratory Identification List Some terms in the lists have an asterisk (*) in front of them. These terms are usually processes, to which you cannot point, but sometimes they are very small or obscure structures. Each slide set is unique, and not all embryos so labeled are at exactly the same developmental stage. Its possible that a particular structure is too rudimentary to be identified on your slides, but you ‘must still know the pertinent information about that structure. Check with your TA to be certain that you haven't simply missed seeing it on your slides. Ideally, one would examine several slide sets ofa particular stage of development. lems appear in ITALICS the first time you are asked to consider (processes) or identify structures, but not thereafter. Notes on identifying central nervous system structures: In this course we differentiate between cavities and tissues of the central nervous system. The suffix “coe!” refers to a cavity, e-g., mesocoel. In such cases, the ip of your pointer must be in the mesencephalon cavity when making an identification. The suffix “encephalon’” refers to tissue, e-g., mesencephalon. In such cases, the ip of your pointer must be on mesencephalon tissue when making an identification. Note thatthe various cavities and tissues of the developing central nervous system are continuous with one and other. Thus, when making an identification, you must point to a definitive example of the CNS tissue or cavity you are asked to identify. “Definitive” means that you must not point to a region where the cavity or tissue is transitioning from one specific tissue region or cavity to another. When you point at a CNS tissue or cavity you are asked to identify on a lab exam, your ID must clearly be the specific tissue or cavity that the identification question asks For. 72 hr Chick Embryo (page 65 of 6) Extraembryonic... Embryo Both ___allantois ___ apical ectodermal ridge The following must be identified amnion __— visceral (=branchial as “embryonic” or extra- ___seroamniotic (amniotic) =pharyngeal) cleftigroove embryonic” when you identify folds (1.2.3.4) them on exams, ____ amniotic cavity ___ epidermis ___coelom (extraembryonic ~~ area opaca vasculosa cranial (=cephalic) flexure coelom = exocoel) ___ *area opaca vitellina ___*eervical flexure ___ ectoderm (non-neural) —_ area pellucida head mesoderm ___ blood island ___ head mesenchyme ___ endoderm —_— chorion (=serosa) _—__ hyomandibular cleft —__non-neural ectoderm —__ lateral limiting sulcus —__ lateral body fold —__ somatic mesoderm — ptoamnion ___ lateral limiting sulcus —__ somatopleure ___ seroamniotic raphe/junction ___ limb buds (wing, leg) ___ splanchnopleure —_— subeaudal pocket neural ectoderm —_— splanchnic mesoderm —__ subcephalic pocket peritoneal cavity —_— subgerminal cavity ——tailbud ___ yolk sac ___ *torsion (dextral) ventral mesentery Nervous & Sensory System ___alar plate ___acoustico-facialis nerve (CN #7 & #8) __ basal plate cerebral hemisphere SR. Haley & S.C. Kempf, 7/25/11 65Laboratory Identification List 72 br Chick Embryo (page 2 of 6) Extraembryonic.. Embryoni Both Nervous & Sensory System choroid (optic) fissure cranial ganglion cranial nerve diencephalon diocoel dorsal isthmus (of brain) endolymphatic duct ganglion (acoustico- -facialis, CN #7 & #8) ganglion (Gasserian, CN #5) infundibulum (of diencephalon) lens epithelium lens fibers lens vesicle (lens) mesencephalon mesocoel (=aqueduct of Sylvius) metacoel metencephalon myelencephalon myelocoel neural crest neural ectoderm neural tube neurocoel neuromere oculomotor nerve (CN #3) olfactory(nasal) pit (external nares) optic nerve (CN #2) opticoel optic stalk optic cup otic (auditory, =acoustic) vesicle SR. Haley & S.C. Kempf, 7/25/11 66Laboratory Identification List 72 br Chick Embryo (page 3 of 6) Extraembryonic... Embryonic... Both Nervous & Sensory System pigmented retina (presumptive) posterior choroid plexus prosencephalon (telencephalon + diencephalon) prosocoel thombencephalon (metencephalon + myelencephalon) rhombocoel sensory retina (presumptive) spinal cord spinal ganglia telencephalon telocoel trigeminal nerve (CN #5) tuberculum posterius Digestive System anterior (=cranial) intestinal portal visceral, (=branchial yharyngeal) pouch (12,34) cloaca duodenum esophagus gastrohepatic ligament hindgut hyomandibular pouch intestine * laryngotracheal groove liver liver diverticulum mesentery (dorsal, ventral) mesogaster(dorsal, ventral) midgut SR. Haley & S.C. Kempf, 7/25/11 67Laboratory Identification List 72 br Chick Embryo (page 4 of 6) Extraembryonic.. Embryoni Both Digestive System mouth omentum (greater, lesser) peritoneal cavity pharynx (=foregut) posterior(caudal) intestinal portal post-anal gut (tail gut) pre-oral gut (=Seessel’s pocket) stomach stomodeum, visceral pouches Respiratory S} * glottis (presumptive) laryngotracheal groove Jung buds pleural cavity trachea ystem Circulatory System —aorta(dorsal) allantoic vein aortic arch (1,2,3,4,*6) vitelline aortic roots (dorsal, ventral) (=omphalomesenteric) artery atrium vitelline cardinal veins (anterior, (-omphalomesenteric) vein cranial = jugular veins) cardinal veins (posterior, caudal) cardinal veins (common; luctus cuvieri) caudal artery SR. Haley & S.C. Kempf, 7/25/11 68Laboratory Identification List 72 br Chick Embryo (page 5 of 6) Extraembryonic... Embryonic... Both tory System arteriosus, cordis, =conotruncus) ductus venosus endocardium heart internal carotid arteries intersegmental artery myocardium pericardium pericardial cavity sinus venosus truncus arteriosus (=ventral aorta, =ventral aortic sac) ventricle Urogenital System ‘genital ridge mesonephric (Wolffian) duct mesonephric tubule ‘mesonephros nephrotome (mesomere = intermediate mesoderm) keleto-muscular System visceral (=branchial, pharyngeal) arches (1.23.4) dermatome epimere hyoid arch lateral plate mesoderm (hypomere) mandibular arch maxillary process *myocoel myotome SR. Haley & S.C. Kempf, 7/25/11 69Laboratory Identification List 72 br Chick Embryo (page 6 of 6) Extraembryonic... Embryonic... Both keleto-muscular S) notochord sclerotome septum transversum somite (=epimere) visceral groove Endocrine System epiphysis (pineal gland) Rathke’s pocket/pouch thyroid primordium ©SR. Haley & S.C. Kempf, 7/25/11 70Laboratory Identification List Some terms in the lists have an asterisk (*) in front of them. These terms are usually processes, to which you cannot point, but sometimes they are very small or obscure structures. Each slide set is unique, and not all embryos so labeled are at exactly the same developmental stage. Its possible that a particular structure is too rudimentary to be identified on your slides, but you ‘must still know the pertinent information about that structure. Check with your TA to be certain that you haven't simply missed seeing it on your slides. Ideally, one would examine several slide sets ofa particular stage of development. lems appear in ITALICS the first time you are asked to consider (processes) or identify structures, but not thereafter. Notes on identifying central nervous system structures: In this course we differentiate between cavities and tissues of the central nervous system. The suffix “coe!” refers to a cavity, e-g., mesocoel. In such cases, the tip of your pointer must be in the mesencephalon cavity when making an identification. The suffix “encephalon’” refers to tissue, e-g., mesencephalon. In such cases, the tip of your pointer must be on mesencephalon tissue when making an identification. Note thatthe various cavities and tissues of the developing central nervous system are continuous with one and other. Thus, when making an identification, you must point to a definitive example of the CNS tissue or cavity you are asked to identify. “Definitive” means that you must not point to a region where the cavity or tissue is transitioning from one specific tissue region or cavity to another. When you point at a CNS tissue or cavity you are asked to identify on a lab exam, your ID must clearly be the specific tissue or cavity that the identification question asks for 96 hr Chick Embryo (page 71 of 6) Extraembryonic... Embryonic... Both __ allantois ___ apical ectodermal ridge The following must be identified allantoic vesicle _ as “embryonic” or extra- amnion =pharyngeal) embryonic” when you identify ___seroamniotic (amniotic) cleft/groove (1,2,3.4) them on exams, folds ___ epidermis ___coelom (extraembryonic ____ amniotic cavity cranial (=cephalic) flexure coelom = exocoel) ~~ area opaca vasculosa cervical flexure ___ ectoderm (non-neural) ___ *area opaca vitellina head mesoderm ____ area pellucida ___ head mesenchyme ___ endoderm —__ blood island ___ hyomandibular cleft —__ somatic mesoderm —_— chorion (=serosa) ___ lateral body fold —__ somatopleure —__ lateral limiting sulcus lateral limiting sulcus —_— splanchnopleure —__ ptoamnion ___ limb bud (wing, leg) ___ splanchnic mesoderm ___ seroamniotic raphe/junction neural ectoderm. —_— subeaudal pocket ___ peritoneal cavity —__ subcephalic pocket ——tailbud ____subgerminal cavity tail fold yolk sac __— *torsion (dextral) ventral mesentery Nervous & Sensory System ___ acoustico-facialis nerve (CN #7 & #8) ___alar plate ____ basal plate brain ventricles (1,2,3,4) cerebellum (presumptive) __— cerebral hemisphere (cerebrum) ©S.R. Haley & S.C. Kempf, 7/25/11 7Laboratory Identification List 96 hr Chick Embryo (page 2 of 6) Extraembryonic., Embryoni Both Nervous & Sensory System choroid (optic) fissure choroid plexus (posterior) cranial ganglion cranial nerve diencephalon diocoel dorsal isthmus (of brain) endolymphatic duct facial nerve (cranial nerve vil) ganglion (acoustico-facialis, CN #7 & #8) ganglion (Gasserian, CN #5) ganglion (petrosal, CN #9)) ganglion (nodose, CN #10) glossopharyngeal nerve (CN 29) infundibulum (of diencephalon) epithelium fibers lens vesicle *medulla oblongata (presumptive) mesencephalon mesocoel (=aqueduct of Sylvius) metacoel metencephalon myelencephalon myelocoel neural crest neural tube neurocoel neuromere SR. Haley & S.C. Kempf, 7/25/11 2Laboratory Identification List 96 hr Chick Embryo (page 3 of 6) Extraembryonic... Embryonic... Both Nervous & Senso System ‘oculomotor nerve (CN #3) olfactory(nasal) pit opticoel optic nerve (CN #2) optic stalk optic cup vesicle pigmented retina (presumptive) posterior choroid plexus prosencephalon prosocoel thombencephalon thombocoel sensory retina (presumptive) spinal cord spinal ganglion spinal nerve telencephalon telocoel trigeminal nerve (CN #5) tuberculum posterius Digestive System anterior (cranial) intestinal portal visceral (=branchial, pharyngeal) pouch (12,34) cloaca cloacal membrane duodenum esophagus SR. Haley & S.C. Kempf, 7/25/11 2BLaboratory Identification List 96 hr Chick Embryo (page 4 of 6) Extraembryonic., Embryoni Both Digestive System gastrohepatic ligament hindgut hyomandibular pouch (eustachian tube, presumptive) intestine * laryngotracheal groove liver liver diverticulum mesentery (dorsal, ventral) ‘mesoesophagus mesogaster(dorsal, ventral) midgut mouth omentum (greater, lesser) peritoneal cavity pharynx (=foregut) posterior(caudal) intestinal portal post-anal gut pre-oral gut (=Seessel’s pocket) stomach stomodeum, tailgut (postanal gut) Respiratory System glottis (presumptive) laryngotracheal groove lung buds (primary bronchi) pleural cavity trachea SR. Haley & S.C. Kempf, 7/25/11 74Laboratory Identification List 96 hr Chick Embryo (page 5 of 6) Extraembryoni Embryoni Both Circulatory System dorsal aorta aortic arches (1,2,3,4,6) aortic roots (dorsal, ventral) atrium cardinal veins (anterior, cranial) cardinal veins (posterior, caudal) cardinal veins (common; luctus cuvieri) caudal artery conotruncus (=bulbous arteriosus,= conus arteriosus,= bulbous cordis) ductus venosus endocardium heart trabeculae carnae *iliac artery internal carotid arteri intersegmental arteries superior mesenteric artery myocardium pericardium pericardial cavity sinus venosus truncus arteriosus (=ventral aorta, =aortic sac) ventricle tem smphalomesenteri vitelline artery vitelline (-omphalomesenteric) vein SR. Haley & S.C. Kempf, 7/25/11Laboratory Identification List 96 hr Chick Embryo (page 6 of 6) Extraembryonic... Embryonic... Both Urogenital genital ridge glomerulus mesonephric (Wolffian) duct ‘mesonephric tubule mesonephros nephrotome (mesomere = intermediate mesoderm) tem Skeleto-muscular System visceral (=branchial, pharyngeal) arches (1.2.3.4) dermatome hyoid arch hyomandibular cleft lateral plate mesoderm (hypomere) mandibular arch maxillary process *myocoel myotome notochord sclerotome septum transversum somite (epimere) Endocrine System epiphysis (pineal gland) *hypophysis (pituitary gland) Rathke’s pocket thyroid primordium ©SR. Haley & S.C. Kempf, 7/25/11 16